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Debela SA, Tefera YM, Endeshaw M, Daba C, Debela EA, Luke AO, Atomsa T, Seyoum S, Gebrehiwot M. Personal protective equipment utilization and its association with educational status among industry workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299957. [PMID: 38635680 PMCID: PMC11025741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ethiopia is experiencing high prevalence of occupational morbidity and disability. One of the main contributing reasons is a low utilization of personal protective equipment (PPE). Previous studies on PPE utilization and association with educational status among industry workers were largely inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis is aimed to pool the magnitude of PPE utilization and its association with educational status among industry workers in Ethiopia. METHOD A compressive search of international databases and libraries including Scopus, PubMed, MedNar, Embase, MEDLINE, the web of science, Google Scholar, the JBI Library, African Journals Online, and Science direct will be carried out to locate published reports. Two independent reviewers will screen the records for inclusion using standardized JBI tools. Before extracting and synthesizing data, the selected studies will undergo a rigorous critical appraisal. If appropriate, a meta-analysis will be conducted. Cochrane Q-test and I2-test statistics will be used to assess the heterogeneity between studies. If necessary, meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be conducted to explore potential reasons for any inconsistency and heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis will be performed to assess the effect of a single study on the pooled magnitude estimates. Funnel plots, along with Egger's and Begg's tests, will be used to assess the presence of publication bias. PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO, CRD42022364562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisay Abebe Debela
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Yonatal Mesfin Tefera
- Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mulualem Endeshaw
- Department of Public Health, Rift Valley University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Chala Daba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | | | - Amana Ogeto Luke
- Department of Public Health, Rift Valley University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Teferi Atomsa
- Department of Public Health, Rift Valley University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Seyoum
- Department of Anatomy, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Gebrehiwot
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Debela SA, Sisay D, Negassa M, Daba C, Mesfin Tefera Y, Debela EA, Goyomsa GG, Luke AO, Benayew Shiferaw M, Asmare M, Gebrehiwot M. Determinants of undernutrition among children aged 6-59 months during the COVID-19 pandemic: A hospital-based cross-sectional study in Ethiopia. J Public Health Res 2023; 12:22799036231181174. [PMID: 37333033 PMCID: PMC10264850 DOI: 10.1177/22799036231181174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The public health problem of undernutrition is common in Ethiopia, particularly among children aged 6-59 months. However, determinants of undernutrition among children in this age group are not well investigated particularly within the context of COVID-19 pandemic. This study was, therefore, designed to assess the magnitude and determinants of undernutrition among children aged 6-59 months at Tirunesh Beijing general hospital, Ethiopia. Methods and materials An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 283 children aged 6-59 months in March 2022. The data were collected using structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Undernutrition was defined as a Z-score value of weight for height (WFH), height-for-age (HFA), and weight-for-age (WFA) <2SD as calculated by the world health organization plus software. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the independent factors associated with undernutrition. p-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The response rate in this study was 97.9%. The overall magnitude of undernutrition was 34.3%, of which 21.2%, 12.7%, and 9.5% were stunted, underweight, and wasted, respectively. Occupation of mothers [AOR = 13.64, 95% CI (4.21-14.77)], amount of meal [AOR = 14.68, 95% CI (4.09-52.81)], feeding by caregivers [AOR = 8.96, 95% CI (2.81-18.60)], and breastfeeding [AOR = 0.06, 95% CI (0.02-0.22)] were significant predictors of undernutrition. Conclusions The prevalence of undernutrition among children under the age of five remains high. Therefore, promoting breastfeeding and motivating children to feed adequate amount of meal are recommended. Besides, counseling and/or guiding caregivers on how to feed children shall be suggested. The findings could help inform the design and prioritization of effective intervention strategies at early life stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisay Abebe Debela
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Sisay
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health science, Mizant Tepi University, Ethiopia
| | - Moti Negassa
- Tirunesh Beijing Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Chala Daba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Yonatal Mesfin Tefera
- Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Girma Garedew Goyomsa
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Amana Ogeto Luke
- Department of Public Health, Rift Valley University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Melese Asmare
- Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Gebrehiwot
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Habtewold EM, Dassie GA, Abaya SG, Debela EA, Bayissa BL, Girsha WD, Abebe AD, Sori HL, Komicha MA, Sori BK, Bajiga GS, Heyi ML, Iticha DG, Jiru TK, Hurissa MB, Bayisa DA, Amante LT, Sima YA, Dhaba DG. Survival Patterns and Predictors of Mortality among COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Treatment Centers in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:5233-5247. [PMID: 36090606 PMCID: PMC9462951 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s355060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess survival patterns and predictors of mortality among patients admitted with COVID-19 to treatment centers in the Oromia region of Ethiopia from April 1 to August 31, 2021. Methods A prospective cohort study design was employed, taking a sample of 854 patients selected from eight treatment centers in the region. The follow-up duration was the time interval from admission to the treatment center until the final disposition of patients at discharge (death, recovery, or failed to recover). Data were collected by computer tablet with an interviewer-administered questionnaire and checklist designed using CSPro 7.5 and exported to Stata 13 for analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to explore the characteristics of patients. The mortality rate was estimated by number of deaths per 1,000 person-days of observation. The survival duration was estimated by medians with IQR. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the survival experiences of patients. To identify the predictors of time to death after hospitalization, a Cox proportional-hazard model was used. The magnitude of association was estimated using HRs with 95% CIs, and statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results The mortality rate among hospitalized patients was 9.9 per 1,000 person-days of observation and the median survival time after admission was 9 (IQR 9-10) days. Higher hazard of death was observed among patients who drank alcohol (AHR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.3), required anticoagulants (AHR 10, 95% CI 1.2-91.5), glucocorticoids (AHR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.8), and oxygen (AHR 4.7, 95% CI 1.1-22.0), those with acute respiratory distress syndrome (AHR 2.9, 95% CI 1.7-5.1), and critical patients admitted to intensive care units (AHR 3.4, 95% CI 2.0-5.9). Conclusion The hazard of death is significantly predicted by alcohol use, requiring anticoagulants, glucocorticoids, or oxygen medication, acute respiratory distress syndrome complication, and being critical when admitted to intensive care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephrem Mannekulih Habtewold
- Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Ephrem Mannekulih Habtewold, Correspondence: Tel +251-91-336-5954, Email
| | - Godana Arero Dassie
- Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Shileshi Garoma Abaya
- Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Endashaw Abebe Debela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Bekana Lemessa Bayissa
- Department of Surgery, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Worku Dugassa Girsha
- Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Alem Deksisa Abebe
- Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Hunde Lemi Sori
- Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Meyrema Abdo Komicha
- Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
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Debela SA, Sheriff I, Debela EA, Sesay MT, Tolcha A, Tengbe MS. Assessment of Perceptions and Cancer Risks of Workers at a Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Contaminated Hotspot in Ethiopia. J Health Pollut 2021; 11:210609. [PMID: 34267996 PMCID: PMC8276727 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-11.30.210609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are synthetic and persistent toxic chemicals with a high potential to bioaccumulate in human tissue. There is no existing literature on workers' perceptions and occupational cancer risk due to exposure to PCBs in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess workers' perceptions of occupational health and safety measures of PCB management and to evaluate the cancer risk posed by PCBs to workers handling these chemicals in Ethiopia. METHODS A total of 264 questionnaires were administered to workers at the study area to obtain information about PCB management. A mathematical model adopted from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) was used to assess the potential cancer risk of people working in PCB-contaminated areas. RESULTS The results showed that the majority of the workers had little knowledge of safe PCB management practices. Furthermore, 82.6% had not received training on chemical management and occupational health and safety protocols. The association between respondents' responses on the impact of PCBs to the use of personal protective equipment was statistically significant (p <0.005). Accidental ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation exposure pathways were considered in assessing the cancer risk of people working in these areas. The estimated cancer risk for PCBs via dermal contact was higher than for the accidental ingestion and inhalation pathways. The health risk associated with dermal contact was 73.8-times higher than the inhalation exposure route. Workers at the oil tanker and oil barrel area and swampy site are at higher risk of cancer via dermal contact at the 95th centile (879 and 2316 workers per million due to PCB exposure, respectively). However, there is very low cancer risk at the staff residence and garden area via the inhalation route. CONCLUSIONS Training programs would help improve the knowledge of workers in the area of occupational health and safety of chemical handling. Further studies on PCBs in the exposed workers will provide information on their blood sera PCB levels and consequently identify potential health impacts. PARTICIPANT CONSENT Obtained. ETHICS APPROVAL Ethics approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Review Committee of Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia. COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisay Abebe Debela
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Selale University, Fiche, Ethiopia
| | - Ishmail Sheriff
- Department of Public Health, College of Human Resource Development, 8 Black Street Drive, off Alusine Kala Drive, Magbenteh, Makeni; Sierra Leone
| | - Endashaw Abebe Debela
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Musa Titus Sesay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province; People's Republic of China
| | - Alemu Tolcha
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa Ethiopia
| | - Michaela Sia Tengbe
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province; People's Republic of China
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