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Domeignoz-Horta LA, Pold G, Erb H, Sebag D, Verrecchia E, Northen T, Louie K, Eloe-Fadrosh E, Pennacchio C, Knorr MA, Frey SD, Melillo JM, DeAngelis KM. Substrate availability and not thermal acclimation controls microbial temperature sensitivity response to long-term warming. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:1574-1590. [PMID: 36448874 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microbes are responsible for cycling carbon (C) through soils, and predicted changes in soil C stocks under climate change are highly sensitive to shifts in the mechanisms assumed to control the microbial physiological response to warming. Two mechanisms have been suggested to explain the long-term warming impact on microbial physiology: microbial thermal acclimation and changes in the quantity and quality of substrates available for microbial metabolism. Yet studies disentangling these two mechanisms are lacking. To resolve the drivers of changes in microbial physiology in response to long-term warming, we sampled soils from 13- and 28-year-old soil warming experiments in different seasons. We performed short-term laboratory incubations across a range of temperatures to measure the relationships between temperature sensitivity of physiology (growth, respiration, carbon use efficiency, and extracellular enzyme activity) and the chemical composition of soil organic matter. We observed apparent thermal acclimation of microbial respiration, but only in summer, when warming had exacerbated the seasonally-induced, already small dissolved organic matter pools. Irrespective of warming, greater quantity and quality of soil carbon increased the extracellular enzymatic pool and its temperature sensitivity. We propose that fresh litter input into the system seasonally cancels apparent thermal acclimation of C-cycling processes to decadal warming. Our findings reveal that long-term warming has indirectly affected microbial physiology via reduced C availability in this system, implying that earth system models including these negative feedbacks may be best suited to describe long-term warming effects on these soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz A Domeignoz-Horta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Grace Pold
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hailey Erb
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Sebag
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rueil-Malmaison, France
- Faculty of Geosciences and the Environment, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- Faculty of Geosciences and the Environment, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Trent Northen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Katherine Louie
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Emiley Eloe-Fadrosh
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christa Pennacchio
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Melissa A Knorr
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Serita D Frey
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jerry M Melillo
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratories, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristen M DeAngelis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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Domeignoz-Horta LA, Shinfuku M, Junier P, Poirier S, Verrecchia E, Sebag D, DeAngelis KM. Direct evidence for the role of microbial community composition in the formation of soil organic matter composition and persistence. ISME Commun 2021; 1:64. [PMID: 37938272 PMCID: PMC9723721 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The largest terrestrial carbon sink on earth is soil carbon stocks. As the climate changes, the rate at which the Earth's climate warms depends in part on the persistence of soil organic carbon. Microbial turnover forms the backbone of soil organic matter (SOM) formation and it has been recently proposed that SOM molecular complexity is a key driver of stability. Despite this, the links between microbial diversity, chemical complexity and biogeochemical nature of SOM remain missing. Here we tested the hypotheses that distinct microbial communities shape the composition of SOM, and microbial-derived SOM has distinct decomposition potential depending on its community of origin. We inoculated microbial communities of varying diversities into a model soil matrix amended with simple carbon (cellobiose) and measured the thermal stability of the resultant SOM. Using a Rock-Eval® ramped thermal analysis, we found that microbial community composition drives the chemical fingerprint of soil carbon. While diversity was not a driver of SOM composition, bacteria-only communities lead to more thermally labile soil C pools than communities with bacteria and fungi. Our results provide direct evidence for a link between microbial community structure, SOM composition, and thermal stability. This evidence demonstrates the relevance of soil microorganisms in building persistent SOM stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz A Domeignoz-Horta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Melissa Shinfuku
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Pilar Junier
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Eric Verrecchia
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Sebag
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rueil-Malmaison, France
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Passaro G, Sicignano LL, Flore R, Massaro MG, Verrecchia E, Gerardino L, Crasti M, Santoro L, Manna R, Tondi P. Arterial involvement in Fabry disease: state of the art and future diagnostic purposes. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:845-855. [PMID: 33577039 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Anderson-Fabry disease (FD) is a rare genetic, progressive, and multi-systemic condition, with X-linked inheritance. This is caused by pathogenic variants in the GLA gene, coding for the lysosomal enzyme called alpha-galactosidase A (aGLA), responsible for the cleavage of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). The reduced or absent activity of aGLA causes the intracellular accumulation of Gb3, particularly in smooth and endothelial muscle cells, which causes cellular dysfunction. The main organs involved are the central nervous system, heart, and kidneys. However, being a ubiquitous enzyme, FD disease must be considered a systemic disease involving the peripheral nervous system, ocular and audio-vestibular systems. Also, the vascular district is damaged but the pathophysiology of vasculopathy in FD is not yet entirely understood. In literature, many vascular diagnostic tests were used to evaluate this specific involvement in FD, i.e., carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), arterial stiffness (AS), flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and atherosclerotic plaques; evaluation of vascular calcifications in FD patients is not presently available. In this review, we examined the current available literature on vascular aspects in FD. Moreover, we presented our global vascular evaluation, based on Radio Frequency Duplex Ultrasound (RF-DU), plaques, and vascular calcifications, to apply to FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Passaro
- Internal Medicine and Angiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
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Hervé V, Simon A, Randevoson F, Cailleau G, Rajoelison G, Razakamanarivo H, Bindschedler S, Verrecchia E, Junier P. Functional Diversity of the Litter-Associated Fungi from an Oxalate-Carbonate Pathway Ecosystem in Madagascar. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9050985. [PMID: 34062900 PMCID: PMC8147286 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxalate-carbonate pathway (OCP) is a biogeochemical process linking oxalate oxidation and carbonate precipitation. Currently, this pathway is described as a tripartite association involving oxalogenic plants, oxalogenic fungi, and oxalotrophic bacteria. While the OCP has recently received increasing interest given its potential for capturing carbon in soils, there are still many unknowns, especially regarding the taxonomic and functional diversity of the fungi involved in this pathway. To fill this gap, we described an active OCP site in Madagascar, under the influence of the oxalogenic tree Tamarindus indica, and isolated, identified, and characterized 50 fungal strains from the leaf litter. The fungal diversity encompassed three phyla, namely Mucoromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota, and 23 genera. Using various media, we further investigated their functional potential. Most of the fungal strains produced siderophores and presented proteolytic activities. The majority were also able to decompose cellulose and xylan, but only a few were able to solubilize inorganic phosphate. Regarding oxalate metabolism, several strains were able to produce calcium oxalate crystals while others decomposed calcium oxalate. These results challenge the current view of the OCP by indicating that fungi are both oxalate producers and degraders. Moreover, they strengthen the importance of the role of fungi in C, N, Ca, and Fe cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Hervé
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; (A.S.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (P.J.)
- Laboratory of Biogeosciences, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.R.); (E.V.)
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6421178122
| | - Anaële Simon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; (A.S.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (P.J.)
| | - Finaritra Randevoson
- Laboratory of Biogeosciences, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Guillaume Cailleau
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; (A.S.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (P.J.)
- Laboratory of Biogeosciences, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Gabrielle Rajoelison
- Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
| | | | - Saskia Bindschedler
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; (A.S.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (P.J.)
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- Laboratory of Biogeosciences, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Pilar Junier
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; (A.S.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (P.J.)
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Massaro MG, Rigante D, Sicignano LL, Verrecchia E, De Vito F, Gasbarrini A, Manna R. Therapeutic management of idiopathic recurrent serositis: a retrospective study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:3352-3359. [PMID: 32271453 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic recurrent serositis (IRS) is the most frequent serositis encountered in real-life medical sceneries, and its management represents a therapeutic challenge. There are few epidemiologic data related to IRS, though most studies have focused on recurrent pericarditis, revealing that 70% of all forms of pericarditis are idiopathic and caused by innate immunity abnormalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcome and recurrence rates of patients with IRS, assessing management modalities used in our Periodic Fever Centre of the Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy, in comparison with previous treatments in other centres. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospectively, we analyzed the medical charts of 57 unselected patients with history of IRS managed during the period 1998-2017. RESULTS A strong heterogeneity emerged by evaluating treatments of this cohort. In particular, in our Centre there was a larger use of combined therapies: 14 patients out of 27 (52%) were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and colchicine, compared to only 2 patients (7.4%) previously treated with combined treatments. We used corticosteroid monotherapy only in 1 case, against 7 from other centres. The mean duration of NSAID treatment in other hospitals was 43.8 days (SD ±27.40) and 191.25 days (SD ±42.23) in our Centre; the mean duration of corticosteroid treatment in other hospitals was 101.5 days (SD ±56.40) and 180.7 days (SD ±84.87) in our Centre. Colchicine was administered in other hospitals for the same duration of NSAIDs, and corticosteroids with an average duration of 111 days (SD ±30); conversely, we administered colchicine for an average duration of 250.12 days (SD ±80.7). Relapses of IRS were reported in 1/3 of cases who had discontinued therapies. CONCLUSIONS The overall duration of treatments to manage IRS has a weight in terms of patients' outcome. A reduced duration of therapy with corticosteroids and a longer duration of therapy with NSAIDs determine a longer disease-free interval. A significant discriminating effect in terms of risk of IRS recurrence relies in an earlier combination therapy with colchicine independently from the start with either NSAIDs or corticosteroids. Finally, the evaluation of genes causing autoinflammatory diseases has not revealed any pathogenetic variants in a subcohort of 20/57 patients with IRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Massaro
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Leone A, Manna R, Verrecchia E, Cipullo M, Rigante D. Long-term treatment with anakinra and canakinumab resolves patellar subchondral erosion in neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease. Reumatismo 2019; 71:53-55. [PMID: 30932446 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2019.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leone
- Institute of Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome,.
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Cianfrani C, Buri A, Verrecchia E, Guisan A. Generalizing soil properties in geographic space: Approaches used and ways forward. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208823. [PMID: 30576324 PMCID: PMC6303050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil is one of the most complex systems on Earth, functioning at the interface between the lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere and generating a multitude of functions. Moreover, soil constitutes the belowground environment from which plants capture water and nutrients. Despite their great importance, soil properties are often not sufficiently considered in other disciplines, especially in spatial studies of plant distributions. Most soil properties are available as point data and, to be used in spatial analyses, need to be generalised over entire regions (i.e. digital soil mapping). Three categories of statistical approaches can be used for such purpose: geostatistical approaches (GSA), predictive-statistical approaches (PSA), and hybrid approaches (HA) that combine the two previous ones. How then to choose the best approach in a given soil study context? Does it depend on the soil properties to be spatialized, the study area's characteristics, and/or the availability of soil data? The main aims of this study was to review the use of these three approaches to derive maps of soil properties in relation to the soil parameters, the study area characteristics, and the number of soil samples. We evidenced that the approaches that tend to show the best performance for spatializing soil properties were not necessarily the ones most used in practice. Although PSA was the most widely used, it tended to be outperformed by HA in many cases, but the latter was far less used. However, as the study settings were not always properly described and not all situations were represented in the set of papers analysed, more comparative studies would be needed across a wider range of regions, soil properties, and spatial scales to provide robust conclusions on the best spatialization methods in a specific context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Cianfrani
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Aline Buri
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Guisan
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Ecology and Evolution (DEE), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Verrecchia E, Chea M, Cristina K, Halley A, Clausse E, Cuttat M, Jenny C. 16. Single Isocenter Dynamic Conformationnal Arctherapy of multiple brain metastases: Treatment planning and dosimetric comparison with the Gammaknife. Phys Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Chea M, Verrecchia E, Jacob J, Troussier I, Feuvret L, Borius PY, Cuttat M, Valéry CA, Mazeron JJ, Maingon P, Jenny C. Arcthérapie conformationnelle mono-isocentrique des métastases cérébrales multiples : planification automatisée et comparaison dosimétrique avec le Gammaknife ® Perfexion™. Cancer Radiother 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Josset JL, Westall F, Hofmann BA, Spray J, Cockell C, Kempe S, Griffiths AD, De Sanctis MC, Colangeli L, Koschny D, Föllmi K, Verrecchia E, Diamond L, Josset M, Javaux EJ, Esposito F, Gunn M, Souchon-Leitner AL, Bontognali TRR, Korablev O, Erkman S, Paar G, Ulamec S, Foucher F, Martin P, Verhaeghe A, Tanevski M, Vago JL. The Close-Up Imager Onboard the ESA ExoMars Rover: Objectives, Description, Operations, and Science Validation Activities. Astrobiology 2017; 17:595-611. [PMID: 28731819 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2016.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Close-Up Imager (CLUPI) onboard the ESA ExoMars Rover is a powerful high-resolution color camera specifically designed for close-up observations. Its accommodation on the movable drill allows multiple positioning. The science objectives of the instrument are geological characterization of rocks in terms of texture, structure, and color and the search for potential morphological biosignatures. We present the CLUPI science objectives, performance, and technical description, followed by a description of the instrument's planned operations strategy during the mission on Mars. CLUPI will contribute to the rover mission by surveying the geological environment, acquiring close-up images of outcrops, observing the drilling area, inspecting the top portion of the drill borehole (and deposited fines), monitoring drilling operations, and imaging samples collected by the drill. A status of the current development and planned science validation activities is also given. Key Words: Mars-Biosignatures-Planetary Instrumentation. Astrobiology 17, 595-611.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beda A Hofmann
- 3 Natural History Museum Bern , Bern, Switzerland
- 4 Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland
| | - John Spray
- 5 Planetary and Space Science, University of New Brunswick , New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Charles Cockell
- 6 UK Center for Astrobiology, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Kempe
- 7 Institute of Applied Geosciences , Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Karl Föllmi
- 11 Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, Institut des sciences de la Terre, University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- 12 Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Larryn Diamond
- 4 Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie Josset
- 1 Space Exploration Institute , Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuelle J Javaux
- 13 Département de Géologie, UR GEOLOGY, University of Liège , Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Matthew Gunn
- 15 Department of Physics, Aberystwyth University , Wales, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Suren Erkman
- 18 Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
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Simon A, Hervé V, Al-Dourobi A, Verrecchia E, Junier P. An in situ inventory of fungi and their associated migrating bacteria in forest soils using fungal highway columns. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 93:fiw217. [PMID: 27797964 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soils are complex ecosystems in which fungi and bacteria co-exist and interact. Fungal highways are a kind of interaction by which bacteria use fungal hyphae to disperse in soils. Despite the fact that fungal highways have been studied in laboratory models, the diversity of fungi and bacteria interacting in this way in soils is still unknown. Fungal highway columns containing two different culture media were used as a selective method to study the identity of fungi and bacteria able to migrate along the hyphae in three forest soils. Regardless of the soil type, fungi of the genus Mortierella (phylum Zygomycota) were selected inside the columns. In contrast, a diverse community of bacteria dominated by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria was observed. The results confirm the importance of bacteria affiliated to Burkholderia as potentially associated migrating bacteria in soils and indicate that other groups such as Bacillus and Clostridium are also highly enriched in the co-colonization of a new habitat (columns) associated to Mortierella. The diversity of potentially associated migrating bacteria brings a novel perspective on the indirect metabolic capabilities that could be favored by r-strategist fungi and supports the fact that these fungi should be considered as crucial actors in soil functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaele Simon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Hervé
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.,Biogeosciences laboratory, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrej Al-Dourobi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- Biogeosciences laboratory, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pilar Junier
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Hervé V, Junier T, Bindschedler S, Verrecchia E, Junier P. Diversity and ecology of oxalotrophic bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:28. [PMID: 26748805 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxalate is present in environments as diverse as soils or gastrointestinal tracts. This organic acid can be found as free acid or forming metal salts (e.g. calcium, magnesium). Oxalotrophy, the ability to use oxalate as carbon and energy sources, is mainly the result of bacterial catabolism, which can be either aerobic or anaerobic. Although some oxalotrophic bacterial strains are commonly used as probiotics, little is known about the diversity and ecology of this functional group. This review aims at exploring the taxonomic distribution and the phylogenetic diversity of oxalotrophic bacteria across biomes. In silico analyses were conducted using the two key enzymes involved in oxalotrophy: formyl-coenzyme A (CoA) transferase (EC 2.8.3.16) and oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.8), encoded by the frc and oxc genes, respectively. Our analyses revealed that oxalate-degrading bacteria are restricted to three phyla, namely Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and originated from terrestrial, aquatic and clinical environments. Diversity analyses at the protein level suggest that total Oxc diversity is more constrained than Frc diversity and that bacterial oxalotrophic diversity is not yet fully described. Finally, the contribution of oxalotrophic bacteria to ecosystem functioning as well as to the carbon cycle is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Hervé
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biogeosciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, Geopolis, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Junier
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Vital-IT Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Genopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Saskia Bindschedler
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- Laboratory of Biogeosciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, Geopolis, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pilar Junier
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Gevaert AB, Borizanova A, Graziani F, Galuszka OM, Stathogiannis K, Lervik Nilsen LC, Nishino S, Willis J, Venner C, Luo XX, Van De Heyning CM, Castaldi B, Michalski BW, Wang TL, Aktemur T, Dorlet S, Verseckaite R, Amzulescu MS, Brecht A, Brand M, Galli E, Murzilli R, Bica R, Teixeira R, Schmid J, Miglioranza MH, Cherneva ZH, Gheghici S, Pernigo M, Rafael D, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Shivalkar B, Lemmens K, Vrints CJ, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Somleva D, Zlatareva- Gronkova N, Kinova E, Goudev A, Camporeale A, Pieroni M, Pedicino D, Laurito MP, Verrecchia E, Lanza GA, Manna R, Crea F, Reinthaler M, Rutschow S, Gross M, Landmesser U, Kasner M, Toutouzas K, Drakopoulou M, Latsios G, Synetos A, Kaitozis O, Trantalis G, Mastrokostopoulos A, Kotronias R, Tousoulis D, Brekke BB, Aase SA, Lonnebakken MT, Stensvag D, Amundsen B, Torp H, Stoylen A, Watanabe N, Kimura T, Nakama T, Furugen M, Koiwaya H, Ashikaga K, Kuriyama N, Shibata Y, Augustine DX, Knight D, Sparey J, Coghlan G, Easaw J, Huttin O, Voilliot D, Mercy M, Villemin T, Olivier A, Mandry D, Chaouat A, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Fang F, Li S, Zhang ZH, Yu CM, Bertrand PB, De Maeyer C, De Bock D, Paelinck BP, Vrints CJ, Claeys MJ, Reffo E, Balzarin M, Zulian F, Milanesi O, Miskowiec D, Kupczynska K, Peczek L, Nawrot B, Lipiec P, Kasprzak JD, Li H, Jin XY, Poci N, Kaymaz C, Huttin O, Voilliot D, Venner C, Villemin T, Manenti V, Carillo S, Chabot F, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Mizariene V, Rimkeviciute D, Bieseviciene M, Jonkaitiene R, Jurkevicius R, Roy C, Slimani A, Boileau L, De Meester C, Vancraeynest D, Pasquet A, Vanoverschelde JL, Pouleur AC, Gerber BL, Oertelt-Prigione S, Seeland U, Ruecke M, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Stangl V, Knebel F, Laux D, Roeing J, Butz T, Christ M, Grett M, Wennemann R, Trappe HJ, Fournet M, Leclercq C, Samset E, Daubert JC, Donal E, Leo LA, Pasotti E, Klersy C, Moccetti T, Faletra FF, Dobre D, Darmon S, Dumitrescu S, Calistru P, Monteiro R, Ribeiro M, Garcia J, Cardim N, Goncalves L, Kaufmann R, Grubler MR, Verheyen N, Weidemann F, Binder JS, Santanna RT, Rover MM, Leiria T, Kalil R, Picano E, Gargani L, Kuneva ZK, Vasilev DV, Ianula R, Dasoveanu M, Calin C, Homentcovsci C, Siliste R, Bergamini C, Mantovani A, Bonapace S, Lipari P, Barbieri E, Bonora E, Targher G, Camarozano AC, Pereira Da Cunha CL, Padilha SL, Souza AM, Freitas AKE. HIT Poster session 1P154Preclinical diastolic dysfunction is related to impaired endothelial function in patients with chronic kidney diseaseP155Early detection of left atrial and left ventricular abnormalities in hypertensive and obese womenP156Right ventricle preserved systolic function irrespective of right ventricular hypertrophy and disease severity in anderson fabry diseaseP157Left atrial volume and function in patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repairP158Impact of left ventricular dysfunction on outcomes of patients undergoing direct TAVI with a self-expanding bioprosthesisP159Anatomic Doppler spectrum – retrospective spectral tissue Doppler from ultra high frame rate tissue Doppler imaging for evaluation of tissue deformationP160Phasic dynamics of ischaemic mitral regurgitation after primary coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction: serial echocardiographic assessment from emergency room to long-term follow-upP161Reproducibility of 3DE RV volumes - novel insights at a regional levelP162Pulmonary vascular capacitance as assessed by echocardiography in pulmonary arterial hypertensionP163Three-dimensional endocardial area strain: a novel parameter for quantitative assessment of global left ventricular systolic functionP164Role of exercise hemodynamics assessed by echocardiography on symptom reduction after MitraClipP165Early identification of ventricular dysfunction in patients with juvenile systemic sclerosisP166Heart failure with and without preserved ejection fraction - the role of biomarkers in the aspect of global longitudinal strainP167Complex systolic deformation of aortic root: insights from two dimensional speckle tracking imageP168Volumetric and deformational imaging usind 2d strain and 3d echocardiography in patients with pulmonary hypertensionP169Influence of pressure load and right ventricular morphology and function on tricuspid regurgitation in pulmonary arterial hypertensionP170Left ventricular myocardial diastolic deformation analysis by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and relationship with conventional diastolic parameters in chronic aortic regurgitationP171Extracellular volume, and not native T1 time, distinguishes diffuse fibrosis in dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at 3TP172Left atrial strain is significantly reduced in arterial hypertensionP173Symptomatic severe secondary mitral regurgitation: LV enddiastolic diameter (LVEDD) as preferable parameter for risk stratificationP174Left ventricular mechanics in isolated left bundle branch block at rest and when exercising: exploration of the concept of conductive cardiomyopathyP175Assessment of myocardial scar by 2D contrast echocardiographyP176Chronic pericarditis - expression of a rare disease: Erdheim Chester diseaseP177Aortic arch mechanics with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography to estimate the left ventricular remodelling in hypertensive patientsP178Strain analysis by tissue doppler imaging: comparison of conventional manual measurement with a semi-automated approachP179Distribution of extravascular lung water in heart failure patients assessed by lung ultrasoudP180Surrogate markers for obstructive coronary artery diseaseP181LA deformation and LV longitudinal strain by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography as predictors of postoperative AF development after aortic valve replacement in ASP182Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with non alcoholic fatty liver diseaseP183Myocardial strain by speckle-tracking and evaluation of 3D ejection fraction in drug-induced cardiotoxicity's approach in breast cancer. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kadhim C, Maiolini F, Cerrito L, Sicignano LL, Giovinale M, Verrecchia E, Gurrieri F, Genuardi M, Manna R. Colchicine trial in PFAPA Syndrome and MEFV-negative patients. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2015. [PMCID: PMC4596974 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-13-s1-o5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Esposito S, Ascolese B, Senatore L, Bosis S, Verrecchia E, Cantarini L, Rigante D. Current advances in the understanding and treatment of mevalonate kinase deficiency. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 27:491-8. [PMID: 25572728 DOI: 10.1177/039463201402700404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is a rare autosomal recessive autoinflammatory metabolic disease that is caused by mutations in the MVK gene. Patients with MKD typically have an early onset in infancy. MKD is characterized by recurrent episodes of high fever, abdominal distress, diffuse joint pain, and skin rashes. In a subset of patients, MKD is also associated with elevated serum immunoglobulin D (IgD) levels (hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome, HIDS). The clinical phenotype of MKD varies widely and depends on the severity of the impaired mevalonate kinase activity. Complete impairment results in the severe metabolic disease, mevalonic aciduria, while a partial deficiency results in a broad spectrum of clinical presentation, including HIDS. The precise molecular mechanisms behind the elevated serum IgD levels and inflammation that occurs in MKD remain unknown. Children who exhibit symptoms of MKD should be tested for mutations in the MKD gene. However, the complexity of MKD often results in delays in its definitive diagnosis and the outcome in adult age is not completely known. Therapeutic options for MKD are based on limited data and include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and biological agents that target specific cytokine pathways. In recent years, some studies have reported promising results for new biological drugs; however, these cases have failed to achieve satisfactory remission. Therefore, further studies are needed to understand the pathogenesis of MKD and identify innovative therapeutic tools for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Esposito
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - B Ascolese
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - L Senatore
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - S Bosis
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - E Verrecchia
- Periodic Fever Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - L Cantarini
- Research Center of Systemic Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Unit, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - D Rigante
- Institute of Pediatrics, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Albrecht R, Verrecchia E, Pfeifer HR. The use of solid-phase fluorescence spectroscopy in the characterisation of organic matter transformations. Talanta 2015; 134:453-459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bravo D, Cailleau G, Bindschedler S, Simon A, Job D, Verrecchia E, Junier P. Isolation of oxalotrophic bacteria able to disperse on fungal mycelium. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 348:157-66. [PMID: 24106816 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A technique based on an inverted Petri dish system was developed for the growth and isolation of soil oxalotrophic bacteria able to disperse on fungal mycelia. The method is related to the 'fungal highways' dispersion theory in which mycelial fungal networks allow active movement of bacteria in soil. Quantification of this phenomenon showed that bacterial dispersal occurs preferentially in upper soil horizons. Eight bacteria and one fungal strain were isolated by this method. The oxalotrophic activity of the isolated bacteria was confirmed through calcium oxalate dissolution in solid selective medium. After separation of the bacteria-fungus couple, partial sequencing of the 16S and the ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of the ribosomal RNA genes were used for the identification of bacteria and the associated fungus. The isolated oxalotrophic bacteria included strains related to Stenotrophomonas, Achromobacter, Lysobacter, Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium, Cohnella, and Variovorax. The recovered fungus corresponded to Trichoderma sp. A test carried out to verify bacterial transport in an unsaturated medium showed that all the isolated bacteria were able to migrate on Trichoderma hyphae or glass fibers to re-colonize an oxalate-rich medium. The results highlight the importance of fungus-driven bacterial dispersal to understand the functional role of oxalotrophic bacteria and fungi in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bravo
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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18
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Bravo D, Martin G, David MM, Cailleau G, Verrecchia E, Junier P. Identification of active oxalotrophic bacteria by Bromodeoxyuridine DNA labeling in a microcosm soil experiments. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 348:103-11. [PMID: 24033776 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxalate-carbonate pathway (OCP) leads to a potential carbon sink in terrestrial environments. This process is linked to the activity of oxalotrophic bacteria. Although isolation and molecular characterizations are used to study oxalotrophic bacteria, these approaches do not give information on the active oxalotrophs present in soil undergoing the OCP. The aim of this study was to assess the diversity of active oxalotrophic bacteria in soil microcosms using the Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) DNA labeling technique. Soil was collected near an oxalogenic tree (Milicia excelsa). Different concentrations of calcium oxalate (0.5%, 1%, and 4% w/w) were added to the soil microcosms and compared with an untreated control. After 12 days of incubation, a maximal pH of 7.7 was measured for microcosms with oxalate (initial pH 6.4). At this time point, a DGGE profile of the frc gene was performed from BrdU-labeled soil DNA and unlabeled soil DNA. Actinobacteria (Streptomyces- and Kribbella-like sequences), Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were found as the main active oxalotrophic bacterial groups. This study highlights the relevance of Actinobacteria as members of the active bacterial community and the identification of novel uncultured oxalotrophic groups (i.e. Kribbella) active in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bravo
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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19
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Martin G, Guggiari M, Bravo D, Zopfi J, Cailleau G, Aragno M, Job D, Verrecchia E, Junier P. Fungi, bacteria and soil pH: the oxalate-carbonate pathway as a model for metabolic interaction. Environ Microbiol 2012; 14:2960-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Bravo
- Laboratory of Microbiology; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; CH-2000; Neuchâtel; Switzerland
| | | | - Guillaume Cailleau
- Biogeosciences Laboratory; Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, ; University of Lausanne; CH-1015; Lausanne; Switzerland
| | - Michel Aragno
- Laboratory of Microbiology; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; CH-2000; Neuchâtel; Switzerland
| | - Daniel Job
- Laboratory of Microbiology; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; CH-2000; Neuchâtel; Switzerland
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- Biogeosciences Laboratory; Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, ; University of Lausanne; CH-1015; Lausanne; Switzerland
| | - Pilar Junier
- Laboratory of Microbiology; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; CH-2000; Neuchâtel; Switzerland
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Soriano A, Verrecchia E, Marinaro A, Giovinale M, Fonnesu C, Landolfi R, Manna R. Giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica after influenza vaccination: report of 10 cases and review of the literature. Lupus 2012; 21:153-7. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203311430222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are inflammatory rheumatic diseases common in people over the age of 50 years. Herein, we report 10 cases of previously healthy subjects who developed GCA/PMR within 3 months of influenza vaccination (Inf-V). A Medline search uncovered additional 11 isolated cases of GCA/PMR occurring after Inf-V. We discuss the role of individual susceptibility, the potential function of immune adjuvants as triggers of autoimmunity post-vaccination, and the correlation of our observation with the ‘ASIA’ syndrome, i.e. autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants and including post-vaccination phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - R Landolfi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - R Manna
- Clinical Autoimmunity Unit
- Periodic Fevers Research Centre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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21
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Bravo D, Braissant O, Solokhina A, Clerc M, Daniels AU, Verrecchia E, Junier P. Use of an isothermal microcalorimetry assay to characterize microbial oxalotrophic activity. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2011; 78:266-74. [PMID: 21696406 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) has been used in the past to monitor metabolic activities in living systems. A few studies have used it on ecological research. In this study, IMC was used to monitor oxalotrophic activity, a widespread bacterial metabolism found in the environment, and particularly in soils. Six model strains were inoculated in solid angle media with K-oxalate as the sole carbon source. Cupriavidus oxalaticus, Cupriavidus necator, and Streptomyces violaceoruber presented the highest activity (91, 40, and 55 μW, respectively) and a maximum growth rate (μmax h(-1) ) of 0.264, 0.185, and 0.199, respectively, among the strains tested. These three strains were selected to test the incidence of different oxalate sources (Ca, Cu, and Fe-oxalate salts) in the metabolic activity. The highest activity was obtained in Ca-oxalate for C. oxalaticus. Similar experiments were carried out with a model soil to test whether this approach can be used to measure oxalotrophic activity in field samples. Although measuring oxalotrophic activity in a soil was challenging, there was a clear effect of the amendment with oxalate on the metabolic activity measured in soil. The correlation between heat flow and growth suggests that IMC analysis is a powerful method to monitor bacterial oxalotrophic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bravo
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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22
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De Socio G, Cerquaglia C, Curigliano V, Fonnesu C, Giovinale M, Verrecchia E, Marino G, Natale L, Gasbarrini G, Manna R. Association between Familial Mediterranean Fever and Retroperitoneal Fibrosis: Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Regression after Colchicine Therapy. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2009; 22:521-4. [DOI: 10.1177/039463200902200229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a disease characterized by inflammatory fibrotic processes affecting the retroperitoneal structures. Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by fever and attacks of sterile serositis. Colchicine is the only suitable drug for prevention of acute episodes. We describe a case of association between RPF and FMF in a 48-year-old male, in whom therapy with colchicine, besides preventing acute episodes, allowed RPF regression. To date the association between FMF and RPF and the use of colchicine therapy alone for RPF has not been described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - G.M.E. Marino
- Medical Genetics Institute, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - L. Natale
- Department of Radiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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Giovinale M, Fonnesu C, Soriano A, Cerquaglia C, Curigliano V, Verrecchia E, De Socio G, Gasbarrini G, Manna R. Atypical sarcoidosis: case reports and review of the literature. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2009; 13 Suppl 1:37-44. [PMID: 19530510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown origin, with pulmonary findings in more than 90% of patients. Extrapulmonary involvement is common and all organs can be involved (especially lymph nodes, eyes, joints, central nervous system) but it is rare to find an isolated extrapulmonary disease (less than 10% of patients). Granulomatous inflammation of the spleen and the liver is common in patients with systemic sarcoidosis, while hepatosplenic enlargement is unusual and splenic involvement rare. We report two cases of systemic sarcoidosis, that onset with splenic and hepatosplenic disease, and one case with splenic sarcoidosis without pulmonary involvement. In the first case a 53-year-old woman with mild abdominal pain underwent sonography and CT, which revealed one hypoechoic/hypodense splenic lesion. Laboratory tests were normal. In order to exclude a lymphoma, splenectomy was performed: histology revealed a sarcoid granuloma. After surgery the patient was asymptomatic and now, after two years, disease is silent. The second case is a 66-year-old woman with a recent weight loss (8 kg in two months) and alterated liver function tests (AST 61 U/l, ALT 72 U/l, Alkaline phosphatase 748 U/l, g-GT 381 U/l). Since she had a familiar history of colon cancer, abdominal US scan, abdominal CT scan and MRI were performed and showed inter-aorto-caval lymphadenopathies and discreet multiple bilobar hepatic and splenic substitutive lesions, with no signs of primary tumor. Upper and lower GI endoscopy, full gynecological workup, complete set of tumor markers, bone marrow biopsy were performed. All resulted negative for neoplasia. Small pulmonary infiltrations were observed on chest-CT scan but cytology on BAL was normal. Infections were also excluded. An exploratory laparotomy showed whitish peritoneal, hepatic and splenic nodules. The histological exam revealed chronic granulomatous lesions typical for sarcoidosis. During a two-year follow-up after the splenectomy the patient feels well without any treatment. The third patient is a 32-year-old woman with mild epigastric pain after meals. Neck-thoracic CT, bone scintigraphy and upper GI endoscopy were negative. Abdominal US and MR showed splenomegaly with multiple splenic lesions. Splenectomy was performed and histological exam showed chronic granulomatous lesions typical for sarcoidosis. Further laboratory tests were normal, except for ACE (66 UI/l). After the surgery ACE became normal and now, three years later, the patient is still asymptomatic. We conclude that hepatosplenic involvement is less rare than it is thought. It is often oligosymptomatic or accompanied with unspecific manifestations and laboratory abnormalities. The diagnosis could be difficult; in fact typical laboratory findings of sarcoidosis such as ACE, lysozyme, calcium, were not diagnostic. Ultrasonography and CT were important but the diagnosis was established only with the histological examination of suspected lesions. This latter required to differentiate liver and/or spleen sarcoidosis from tuberculosis and other infections, primary biliary cirrhosis, metastasis or malignant lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giovinale
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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24
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Manna R, Cerquaglia C, Curigliano V, Fonnesu C, Giovinale M, Verrecchia E, Montalto M, De Socio G, Soriano A, La Regina M, Gasbarrini G. Clinical features of familial Mediterranean fever: an Italian overview. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2009; 13 Suppl 1:51-53. [PMID: 19530512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the most frequent periodic febrile syndrome among the autoinflammatory syndromes (AS), nowadays considered as innate immunity disorders, characterized by absence of autoantibodies and autoreactive T lymphocytes. FMF is a hereditary autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by recurrent, self-limiting episodes of short duration (mean 24e72 h) of fever and serositis. In FMF, periodic attacks show inter- and intra-individual variability in terms of frequency and severity. Usually, they are triggered by apparently innocuous stimuli and may be preceded by a prodromal period. The Mediterranean FeVer gene (MEFV) responsible gene maps on chromosome 16 (16p13) encoding the Pyrine/Marenostrin protein. The precise pathologic mechanism is still to be definitively elucidated; however a new macromolecular complex, called inflammasome, seems to play a major role in the control of inflammation and it might be involved in the pathogenesis of FMF. The most severe long-term complication is type AA amyloidosis, causing chronic renal failure. Two types of risk factors, genetic and non-genetic, have been identified for this complication. Currently, the only effective treatment of FMF is the colchicine. New drugs in a few colchicine resistant patients are under evaluation
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Affiliation(s)
- R Manna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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Fonnesu C, Giovinale M, Verrecchia E, De Socio G, Cerquaglia C, Curigliano V, Soriano A, Obici L, Grieco A, Lauriola L, Gasbarrini G, Manna R. Gastrointestinal amyloidosis: a case of chronic diarrhoea. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2009; 13 Suppl 1:45-50. [PMID: 19530511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a rare disease caused by extracellular deposits of insoluble fibrillar proteins in various organs and tissues. There are different forms of amyloidosis distinguished by the type of protein fibrils, by the sites of deposition and by associated conditions. Gastrointestinal involvement is common both in primary and secondary amyloidosis, while isolated gastrointestinal amyloidosis is rare. We describe a case of AL amyloidosis with a gastrointestinal involvement and restrictive cardiomiopathy. A 64 year old woman came to our attention with a history of chronic diarrhoea and weight loss, associated with dysphagia, dry mouth, xerophtalmia, chronic gastritis and depression. Clinical diagnosis has been difficult because of aspecificity of symptoms that mimed other more common diseases, like gastro-paresis, epigastric discomfort, gastric or duodenal ulcers, perforation, malabsorption, intestinal pseudo-obstruction. There is an important risk of misunderstanding and diagnostic delay. Indeed in this patient a diagnosis of irritable colon syndrome was erroneously established two years before admission in our hospital. Therefore gastrointestinal amyloidosis should be considered among differential diagnoses of chronic diarrhoea and weight loss when other more common diseases have been excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fonnesu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Manna R, Verrecchia E, Fonnesu C, Giovinale M, De Socio G, Curigliano V, Cerquaglia C, Soriano A, Granata M, Migliore A, Massafra U, Gasbarrini G. Cyclosporine A: good response for patients affected by autoimmune disorders and HCV infection? Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2009; 13 Suppl 1:63-69. [PMID: 19530514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In autoimmune disorders (ADs), if Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is present, immunosuppressive treatment could increase virus replication. Cyclosporine A (CsA), in standard therapeutic doses, has been proven able to inhibit HCV cyclophilin in vitro. Therefore CsA could improve the therapy of HCV patients with ADs. AIM In these patients, we started an open pilot study to evaluate the safety of 3 mg/kg CsA and the ability to reduce steroid therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Five females and 1 male were recruited; mean age 66 +/- 8 years, mean disease duration 13 +/- 5 years. Three patients are affected by Psoriasic Arthritis, 1 by Rheumatoid Arthritis, 1 by Sjogren Syndrome, and 1 by Myasthenia Gravis. None of them had chronic active hepatitis. HCV genotypes were type 2 (in 3 cases) and type 1 (in 3 cases). Patients were treated with 3 mg/kg of CsA for a period of time ranging from 6 to 12 months. The starting mean dose of prednisone was 12.5 mg/day. Liver function tests were checked monthly and serum HCV-RNA load was checked by RT-PCR before and 2 months into the therapy. RESULTS The prednisone dose was reduced from 12.5 mg/day to 7.5 mg/day. The aminotransferases levels were unchanged after 6 months. In patients with low HCV-RNA levels before treatment, no modifications of viral load were observed, whereas patients with increased levels at onset showed mild reduction 2 months into the treatment. CONCLUSIONS Immunosuppressive treatment of ADs patients with HCV infection can be safely provided with the integration of CsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Manna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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Manna R, Cadoni G, Ferri E, Verrecchia E, Giovinale M, Fonnesu C, Calò L, Armato E, Paludetti G. Wegener's granulomatosis: an update on diagnosis and therapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2008; 4:481-95. [PMID: 20477576 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.4.4.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a unique clinicopathological disease characterized by necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of the respiratory tract, pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis and small-vessel vasculitis. Owing to its wide range of clinical manifestations, WG has a broad spectrum of severity that includes the potential for alveolar hemorrhage or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, which are immediately life threatening. WG is associated with the presence of circulating antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (c-ANCAs). The most widely accepted pathogenetic model suggests that c-ANCA-activated cytokine-primed neutrophils induce microvascular damage and a rapid escalation of inflammation with recruitment of mononuclear cells. The diagnosis of WG is made on the basis of typical clinical and radiologic findings, by biopsy of involved organ, the presence of c-ANCA and exclusion of all other small-vessel vasculitis. Currently, a regimen consisting of daily cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids is considered standard therapy. A number of trials have evaluated the efficacy of less-toxic immunosuppressants and antibacterials for treating patients with WG, resulting in the identification of effective alternative regimens to induce or maintain remission in certain subpopulations of patients. Recent investigation has focused on other immunomodulatory agents (e.g., TNF-alpha inhibitors and anti-CD20 antibodies), intravenous immunoglobulins and antithymocyte globulins for treating patients with resistant WG.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Manna
- Clinical Autoimmunity Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo A Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy.
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Manna R, Verrecchia E, Diaco M, Montalto M, Cammarota G, Gasbarrini G. Folic acid supplementation during methotrexate treatment: nonsense? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005; 44:563-4. [PMID: 15657069 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Morhange C, Laborel J, Laborel-Deguen F, Lounnas V, Verrecchia E. Indicateur biologique et variations relatives du niveau de la mer sur les côtes rocheuses de Provence depuis 4 500 ans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.3406/geolm.1993.1487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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