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Anderson RE, Goodman EL, Carstens Namie EM. Participant Acceptability of Questionnaires Impacts Sexual Victimization Prevalence Rates. J Child Sex Abus 2023; 32:771-789. [PMID: 37533189 PMCID: PMC10528996 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2023.2240778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining accurate prevalence rates of sexual violence is made difficult by discrepancies in self-report questionnaires. Thus, the current study sought to explore participants' perceptions of acceptability (i.e., perceived difficulty and preference) as a potential mechanism of discrepancy between different questionnaires. Participants were 673 college students who completed two frequently used sexual victimization questionnaires, the Sexual Experiences Survey-Short Form Victimization (SES-SFV) and the Post-Refusal Sexual Persistence Scales-Victimization (PRSPS-V). Participants then answered questions about each measure's perceived difficulty and their preference between the two. Participants found the PRSPS-V easier to understand and preferred it 2.5 to 1 over the SES-SFV. Preference was related to reporting; participants who preferred the PRSPS-V reported more instances of sexual victimization on the PRSPS-V by 9.8%. Our results indicate that acceptability impacts reported prevalence rates and is one mechanism of discrepancy between questionnaires. Thus, researchers may wish to consider acceptability when choosing sexual victimization questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- RaeAnn E Anderson
- University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Erica L Goodman
- University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
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2
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Yilmaz Z, Schaumberg K, Halvorsen M, Goodman EL, Brosof LC, Crowley JJ, Mathews CA, Mattheisen M, Breen G, Bulik CM, Micali N, Zerwas SC. Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3021-3035. [PMID: 35243971 PMCID: PMC9440960 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721005079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical, epidemiological, and genetic findings support an overlap between eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety symptoms. However, little research has examined the role of genetics in the expression of underlying phenotypes. We investigated whether the anorexia nervosa (AN), OCD, or AN/OCD transdiagnostic polygenic scores (PGS) predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms in a large developmental cohort in a sex-specific manner. METHODS Using summary statistics from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN and OCD genome-wide association studies, we conducted an AN/OCD transdiagnostic genome-wide association meta-analysis. We then calculated AN, OCD, and AN/OCD PGS in participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms, stratified by sex (combined N = 3212-5369 per phenotype). RESULTS The PGS prediction of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety phenotypes differed between sexes, although effect sizes were small. AN and AN/OCD PGS played a more prominent role in predicting eating disorder and anxiety risk than OCD PGS, especially in girls. AN/OCD PGS provided a small boost over AN PGS in the prediction of some anxiety symptoms. All three PGS predicted higher compulsive exercise across different developmental timepoints [β = 0.03 (s.e. = 0.01) for AN and AN/OCD PGS at age 14; β = 0.05 (s.e. = 0.02) for OCD PGS at age 16] in girls. CONCLUSIONS Compulsive exercise may have a transdiagnostic genetic etiology, and AN genetic risk may play a role in the presence of anxiety symptoms. Converging with prior twin literature, our results also suggest that some of the contribution of genetic risk may be sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Yilmaz
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katherine Schaumberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew Halvorsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erica L. Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Leigh C. Brosof
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - James J. Crowley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Carol A. Mathews
- Department of Psychiatry, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative of Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerome Breen
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust, London, UK
| | - Cynthia M. Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, HUG, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, HUG, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie C. Zerwas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Anderson RE, Namie EMC, Goodman EL. Valid for who? A preliminary investigation of the validity of two sexual victimization questionnaires in men and sexual minorities. Am J Crim Justice 2021; 46:168-185. [PMID: 34366644 PMCID: PMC8341384 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-020-09589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The #MeToo movement illuminated vast numbers of people who experienced sexual violence, but the exact scope and impact, especially among under-studied populations (e.g., men and sexual minorities) is unclear, due in part to measurement issues. Our objective was to compare the validity of two measures of sexual violence victimization: The Sexual Experiences Survey - Short Form Victimization (SES-SFV) and The Post-Refusal Sexual Persistence Scale - Victimization (PRSPS-V). Participants were 673 college students who first completed the Rape Empathy for Victims (REM-V) and then the SES-SFV and PRSPS-V (counter-balanced). We found strong evidence of convergent validity for the PRSPS-V with correlations ranging from r = .57 - 88. Convergent validity correlations were strongest for sexual minority women (r = .88) and weakest for heterosexual men (r = .57). We also found evidence of differential validity for the SES-SFV and PRSPS-V. For heterosexual women, rape empathy was correlated to victimization on both questionnaires (r = .25 - .29). However, for heterosexual men, only scores on the SES-SFV were correlated with rape empathy for victims (r = .19). For sexual minorities there appeared to be differences between PRSPS-V only victims and those who reported victimization on both questionnaires in rape empathy (F = 2.65, p = .053). These results provide researchers a starting point for improving these questionnaires to collect more accurate data that helps improve the ability to detect cases of sexual victimization and thus, prevent and heal sexual victimization, especially in understudied populations such as men and sexual minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- RaeAnn E. Anderson
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | | | - Erica L. Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Anderson RE, Goodman EL, Ciampaglia AM. An Initial Test of the Tactic-First and Item-Order Hypotheses: Accounting for Response Discrepancies in Sexual Victimization Questionnaires. Am J Crim Justice 2021; 46:149-167. [PMID: 34393470 PMCID: PMC8362928 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-020-09584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Reported prevalence rates of sexual violence range widely in the literature, even in the same sample when using two different questionnaires of the same construct. These discrepancies are concerning as they indicate we may be underestimating the rate of sexual violence and, therefore, resources and treatment for victims. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate two mechanisms that may contribute to differences in reported prevalence rates across the literature and discrepancies within studies: the tactic-first and item-order hypotheses. Participants were 265 MTurk workers whom all completed the Post-Refusal Sexual Persistence Scale (PRSPS), then were randomly assigned to one of two versions of a tactic-first Sexual Experiences Survey (T-SES). Experimental conditions varied in the item order of the T-SES, one condition received the traditional hierarchical item order (n = 130) while the other received a randomized item order (n = 135). Our results suggest strong support for the tactic-first hypothesis; victimization prevalence rates on the T-SES were double compared to the traditional SES (54.1 vs. 19.8%) in prior research. Further, in both conditions, victimization prevalence rates were statistically equivalent between the PRSPS (62.6%) and the tactic-first SESs (56.2 and 54.1%), χ2(1) < 2.5, p ≈ .1 -.7, contrary to prior research. We did not find support for the item-order hypothesis; there were few differences between item-order conditions. Our findings indicate that unintentional underreporting remains a threat to validity in sexual violence assessment, and continued research into the mechanisms of measurement is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- RaeAnn E. Anderson
- University of North Dakota, Psychology, Grand Forks, ND 58201
- Kent State University, Psychological Sciences, Kent, OH 44242
| | - Erica L. Goodman
- University of North Dakota, Psychology, Grand Forks, ND 58201
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine
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Anderson RE, Goodman EL, Thimm SS. The Assessment of Forced Penetration: A Necessary and Further Step Toward Understanding Men's Sexual Victimization and Women's Perpetration. J Contemp Crim Justice 2020; 36:480-498. [PMID: 34393462 PMCID: PMC8360364 DOI: 10.1177/1043986220936108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A unique form of sexual victimization that often goes undiscussed and, therefore, underassessed is that of being forced to penetrate another person (i.e., forced penetration). Due to forced penetration being a relatively novel addition to the definition of rape, there is a lack of assessment tools that identify forced penetration cases. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the utility and validity of new items designed to assess forced penetration. More than 1,000 participants were recruited across three different studies to assess forced penetration victimization and perpetration. The rate of forced penetration victimization ranged from 4.51% to 10.62%. Among men who reported victimization of any type, 33.8% to 58.7% of victimized men reported experiencing forced penetration across the samples, suggesting this experience is common. All new and unique cases of sexual victimization identified by the forced penetration items were those of heterosexual men. These findings suggest that assessing for forced penetration would increase the reported prevalence rates of sexual victimization, particularly in heterosexual men (and correspondingly, rates of perpetration in women).
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Affiliation(s)
- RaeAnn E. Anderson
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Erica L. Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sidney S. Thimm
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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Goodman EL, Baker JH, Peat CM, Yilmaz Z, Bulik CM, Watson HJ. Weight suppression and weight elevation are associated with eating disorder symptomatology in women age 50 and older: Results of the gender and body image study. Int J Eat Disord 2018; 51:835-841. [PMID: 29693735 PMCID: PMC6381935 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight suppression (WS), the difference between highest past non-pregnancy weight and current weight, predicts negative outcomes in eating disorders, but the impact of WS and related weight constructs are understudied in nonclinical, midlife populations. We examined WS (current weight < highest weight) and weight elevation (WE), the opposite of WS (current weight > lowest weight) and their associations with eating psychopathology in women aged 50+. METHOD Participants were a community-based sample (N = 1,776, Mage = 59) who completed demographic and eating psychopathology questions via online survey. WS, WE, and WS × WE were tested as predictors of outcome variables; BMI and medical conditions that affect weight were controlled for. RESULTS Individuals that were higher on WS and WE were most likely to engage in current weight loss attempts, dieting in the past 5 years, and extreme lifetime restriction. Individuals with higher WS were more likely to experience binge eating, greater frequency of weight checking, overvaluation of shape and weight, and lifetime fasting. Individuals with higher WE were more likely to report negative life impacts of eating and dieting. Higher WS and WE each predicted higher levels of skipping meals over the lifetime. DISCUSSION This novel study investigated WS in midlife women and introduced a new conceptualization of weight change (WE) that may be more relevant for aging populations given that women tend to gain weight with age. The findings implicate the utility of investigating both WS and WE as factors associated with eating psychopathology in midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L. Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, United States,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Jessica H. Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Christine M. Peat
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States,Department of Neurosurgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Zeynep Yilmaz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Cynthia M. Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States,Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hunna J. Watson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States,School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia,Correspondence to: Hunna Watson, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, CB #7160, Department of Psychiatry, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7032.
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Goodman EL, Breithaupt L, Watson HJ, Peat CM, Baker JH, Bulik CM, Brownley KA. Sweet taste preference in binge-eating disorder: A preliminary investigation. Eat Behav 2018; 28:8-15. [PMID: 29202335 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that individuals with high liking for sweets are at increased risk for binge eating, which has been minimally investigated in individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED). Forty-one adults (85% female, 83% white) with binge eating concerns completed a sweet taste test and measures of eating disorder behaviors and food cravings. A subset of participants with BED completed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; N=21) and a 24-hour dietary recall (N=26). Regression models were used to compare highest sweet preferers (HSP [N=18]) to other sweet preferers (OSP [N=23]) and were used to assess associations between sweet taste preference and outcome variables. Effect sizes (ηp2) for differences between HSP and OSP ranged from small (≤0.01) to large (≥0.24); group differences were statistically nonsignificant except for 24-hour caloric intake (ηp2=0.16, p=0.04), protein intake (ηp2=0.16, p=0.04), and insulin sensitivity index (ηp2=0.24, p=0.04), which were higher in HSP, and postprandial insulin, which was smaller in HSP (ηp2=0.27, p=0.03). Continuous analyses replicated postprandial insulin response. Compared with OSP, HSP reported numerically higher binge-eating frequency (ηp2=0.04), over-eating frequency (ηp2=0.06), and carbohydrate intake (ηp2=0.14), and they exhibited numerically smaller postprandial glucose AUC (ηp2=0.16). Sweet taste preference may have implications for glucose regulation, binge-eating frequency, and nutrient intake in BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Goodman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, United States
| | - Lauren Breithaupt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Department of Psychology, George Mason University, United States; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hunna J Watson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Christine M Peat
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Jessica H Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Cynthia M Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Kimberly A Brownley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States.
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Watson HJ, Goodman EL, McLagan NB, Joyce T, French E, Willan V, Egan SJ. Quality of randomized controlled trials in eating disorder prevention. Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:459-470. [PMID: 28489337 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of eating disorder prevention. METHOD A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library to January 2016. Studies were included if they were RCTs that tested an eating disorder prevention program. We identified 96 studies with a total 15,350 participants (91% female, M age = 17 years) and rated quality with the Quality Rating Scale (QRS; Moncrieff et al., 2001). RESULTS The mean QRS score was 62% (SD = 13%). Several standards of quality were not frequently fulfilled (i.e., failed to achieve an optimal rating), for example, power calculation (85%), intent-to-treat analysis (54%), blinding of assessor (75%), representative sample (78%), adequate sample size (75%), and appropriate duration of trial including follow-up (67%). QRS was positively and significantly associated with publication year, number of authors, and PubMed-indexation. DISCUSSION Given the majority of eating disorder prevention studies had problems with trial quality, it is recommended that future RCTs follow quality checklists and CONSORT guidelines, that RCTs are registered, and protocols published in advance. In addition, funding bodies are called on to deliver the support needed to ensure that preventions for eating disorders are efficiently and cost-effectively achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunna J Watson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Erica L Goodman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Clinical Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Nicole B McLagan
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tara Joyce
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth French
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vivienne Willan
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah J Egan
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Lavender JM, Goodman EL, Culbert KM, Wonderlich SA, Crosby RD, Engel SG, Mitchell JE, Le Grange D, Crow SJ, Peterson CB. Facets of Impulsivity and Compulsivity in Women with Anorexia Nervosa. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2017; 25:309-313. [PMID: 28387426 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to investigate independent associations of impulsivity and compulsivity with eating disorder (ED) symptoms. Women (N = 81) with full or subthreshold Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV anorexia nervosa (AN) completed a semi-structured interview and self-report questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses were conducted using ED symptoms as dependent variables and facets of impulsivity and compulsivity as predictor variables (controlling for body mass index and AN diagnostic subtype). For impulsivity facets, lack of perseverance was uniquely associated with eating concern, shape concern and restraint, whereas negative urgency was uniquely associated with eating concern and frequency of loss of control eating; neither sensation seeking nor lack of premeditation was uniquely associated with any ED variables. Compulsivity was uniquely associated with restraint, eating concern and weight concern. Results support independent associations of impulsivity and compulsivity with ED symptoms in adults with AN, suggesting potential utility in addressing both impulsive and compulsive processes in treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Lavender
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Erica L Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Kristen M Culbert
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Stephen A Wonderlich
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Scott G Engel
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - James E Mitchell
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Daniel Le Grange
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott J Crow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,The Emily Program, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,The Emily Program, St. Paul, MN, USA
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Bardone-Cone AM, Balk M, Lin SL, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Goodman EL. Female Friendships and Relations with Disordered Eating. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 2016. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2016.35.9.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kilwein TM, Goodman EL, Looby A, De Young KP. Nonmedical prescription stimulant use for suppressing appetite and controlling body weight is uniquely associated with more severe eating disorder symptomatology. Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:813-6. [PMID: 27062163 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPS; i.e., use without a prescription or in ways other than prescribed) to suppress appetite or control weight appears to be associated with eating disorder (ED) symptomatology among college students. However, it remains unknown if this relationship is motive-specific and uniquely related to ED symptomatology. This research examined whether engaging in NPS specifically for appetite/weight-related purposes is associated with ED symptomatology and a unique indicator of more severe symptomatology. METHOD A nonclinical sample of college students (N = 668; 79% female) reported eating disorder symptoms via the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory and Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, and lifetime history of NPS and corresponding motives. RESULTS Binge eating, body dissatisfaction, negative attitudes towards obesity, restricting, purging, and cognitive restraint were reported more frequently by students who endorsed NPS for weight/appetite-related purposes than by those who used for other purposes or denied lifetime NPS. Additionally, NPS for appetite/weight-related purposes was uniquely associated with ED symptomatology after adjusting for gender, lifetime NPS, and past-month binge eating and purging. DISCUSSION Engaging in NPS for appetite/weight-related purposes is a unique indicator of ED symptomatology, highlighting the need to query for this behavior among individuals with an ED. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:813-816).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess M Kilwein
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Erica L Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Alison Looby
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Kyle P De Young
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota
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Goodman EL. Practice guidelines for evaluating new fever in critically ill adult patients. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30:234. [PMID: 10619777 DOI: 10.1086/313575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Stark BJ, Earl HS, Gross GN, Lumry WR, Goodman EL, Sullivan TJ. Acute and chronic desensitization of penicillin-allergic patients using oral penicillin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1987; 79:523-32. [PMID: 3819232 DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(87)90371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy, safety and mechanisms of penicillin desensitization were studied in 24 adults and two children with serious infections that required therapy with a beta-lactam drug. Indications for desensitization included debilitating as well as life-endangering infections. Increasing oral doses of phenoxymethyl penicillin were administered at 15-minute intervals to a cumulative dose of 1.3 million units. Parenteral therapy with the beta-lactam drug of choice was instituted at that point. Immunologic complications of desensitization or therapy, ranging from pruritus to serum sickness, occurred in 12 patients. The appearance of gradually worsening wheezing led to abandonment of the procedure in one subject with cystic fibrosis and severe pulmonary disease. The remaining 25 patients were successfully desensitized and received full-dose parenteral therapy. Chronic desensitization was maintained in seven individuals with twice daily oral penicillins for 3 weeks to more than 2 years. No allergic complications of chronic desensitization or recurrent full-dose parenteral therapy were detected. Skin test reactions to one or all penicillin determinants became negative in 11 of 15 patients retested after acute desensitization. Two desensitized patients became skin test negative, remained skin test negative after cessation of desensitization, and tolerated subsequent beta-lactam therapy without allergic reactions or resensitization. The results of this study provide new evidence that acute and chronic penicillin desensitization is useful and an acceptably safe approach and suggest that antigen-specific mast cell desensitization contributes to the protection against anaphylaxis.
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Floyd JL, Goodman EL. Soft-tissue abscesses in a diabetic patient. Localization by gallium citrate Ga 67 scanning and sonography. JAMA 1981; 246:675-6. [PMID: 7253121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Abstract
Bone scintigraphy has proven utility in the early diagnosis of osteomyelitis, but the authors were unable to find any report of its specific application to mastoiditis. Three cases of mastoiditis are presented in which the bone scan findings predicted the histopathologic findings.
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Goodman EL, Luby JP, Johnson MT. Prospective double-blind evaluation of topical adenine arabinoside in male herpes progenitalis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1975; 8:693-7. [PMID: 174489 PMCID: PMC429450 DOI: 10.1128/aac.8.6.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-four virologically proven episodes of herpes progenitalis in 32 men were treated in a prospective double-blind study with either adenine arabinoside ointment or an identical-appearing placebo for 7 days. Clinical evaluation and quantitative virological studies were done on days 1, 3, and 8. There was a highly significant correlation between clinical response and quantitative virology. There was no difference in clinical or virological response between drug and control groups. Primary attacks tended to have higher viral excretion over the period of observation. The level of complement-fixing antibody to herpes simplex virus type 2(<1:16 versus >/=1:16) in patients with recurrent disease did not appear to alter the course of viral excretion.
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Goodman EL, Van Gelder J, Holmes R, Hull AR, Sanford JP. Prospective comparative study of variable dosage and variable frequency regimens for administration of gentamicin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1975; 8:434-8. [PMID: 1103724 PMCID: PMC429365 DOI: 10.1128/aac.8.4.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with impaired renal function, careful adjustment of gentamicin dosage is required to achieve therapeutic yet nontoxic concentrations. Two regimens that differ in pharmacodynamic characteristics have been recommended for this purpose: prolonging the intervals between administration of equal doses (variable frequency regimen [VFR]) or administering a loading dose followed at the usual intervals by reduced maintenance doses (variable dosage regimen [VDR]). These regimens were compared in a prospective, randomized study of 20 seriously ill hospitalized patients, 10 on VFR and 10 on VDR. Wide variability in peak serum levels of gentamicin was observed both between patients and in individual patients after separate injections of the same dosage. As predicted by the design of these regimens, the trough serum levels of gentamicin correlated significantly with the serum creatinine concentrations in patients on the VDR but not in patients on the VFR. A gentamicin trough level of >/=4 mug/ml was the only variable among those tested that correlated significantly with development or progression of renal insufficiency during treatment with gentamicin, but such trough levels were observed frequently on both regimens. Whereas this study does not permit a direct comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of VDR and VFR, no difference in the risk of nephrotoxicity with these regimens was observed.
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