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Casillan A, Larson E, Ruck J, Zhou A, Ha J, Shah P, Merlo C, Bush E. Combined Lung-Kidney Transplantation Yields Better Survival Than Isolated Lung Transplantation in Recipients with Underlying Renal Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Larson E, Keyes S, Silvers S. SINGLE VERSUS MULTI-ALLERGEN ORAL IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF FOOD ALLERGY: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Margolis EQ, Guiterman CH, Chavardès RD, Coop JD, Copes‐Gerbitz K, Dawe DA, Falk DA, Johnston JD, Larson E, Li H, Marschall JM, Naficy CE, Naito AT, Parisien M, Parks SA, Portier J, Poulos HM, Robertson KM, Speer JH, Stambaugh M, Swetnam TW, Tepley AJ, Thapa I, Allen CD, Bergeron Y, Daniels LD, Fulé PZ, Gervais D, Girardin MP, Harley GL, Harvey JE, Hoffman KM, Huffman JM, Hurteau MD, Johnson LB, Lafon CW, Lopez MK, Maxwell RS, Meunier J, North M, Rother MT, Schmidt MR, Sherriff RL, Stachowiak LA, Taylor A, Taylor EJ, Trouet V, Villarreal ML, Yocom LL, Arabas KB, Arizpe AH, Arseneault D, Tarancón AA, Baisan C, Bigio E, Biondi F, Cahalan GD, Caprio A, Cerano‐Paredes J, Collins BM, Dey DC, Drobyshev I, Farris C, Fenwick MA, Flatley W, Floyd ML, Gedalof Z, Holz A, Howard LF, Huffman DW, Iniguez J, Kipfmueller KF, Kitchen SG, Lombardo K, McKenzie D, Merschel AG, Metlen KL, Minor J, O'Connor CD, Platt L, Platt WJ, Saladyga T, Stan AB, Stephens S, Sutheimer C, Touchan R, Weisberg PJ. The North American tree‐ring fire‐scar network. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ellis Q. Margolis
- New Mexico Landscapes Field Station U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center Santa Fe New Mexico USA
| | | | - Raphaël D. Chavardès
- Institut de recherche sur les forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi‐Témiscamingue Rouyn‐Noranda Québec Canada
| | - Jonathan D. Coop
- School of Environment and Sustainability Western Colorado University Gunnison Colorado USA
| | - Kelsey Copes‐Gerbitz
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Denyse A. Dawe
- Northern Forestry Centre Canadian Forest Service Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Donald A. Falk
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, ENR2 Building University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | | | - Evan Larson
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Society University of Wisconsin‐Platteville Platteville Wisconsin USA
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Earth and Environmental Systems Indiana State University Terre Haute Indiana USA
| | | | | | - Adam T. Naito
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Geographical Sciences Northern Michigan University Marquette Michigan USA
| | - Marc‐André Parisien
- Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service Natural Resources Canada Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Sean A. Parks
- Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute Rocky Mountain Research Station, US Forest Service Missoula Montana USA
| | - Jeanne Portier
- Forest Resources and Management Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Helen M. Poulos
- College of the Environment Wesleyan University Middletown Connecticut USA
| | | | - James H. Speer
- Department of Earth and Environmental Systems Indiana State University Terre Haute Indiana USA
| | - Michael Stambaugh
- School of Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Thomas W. Swetnam
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | - Alan J. Tepley
- Canadian Forest Service Northern Forestry Centre Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Front Royal Virginia USA
| | - Ichchha Thapa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Systems Indiana State University Terre Haute Indiana USA
| | - Craig D. Allen
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Yves Bergeron
- Institut de recherche sur les forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi‐Témiscamingue Rouyn‐Noranda Québec Canada
- Département des Sciences Biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Lori D. Daniels
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Peter Z. Fulé
- School of Forestry Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - David Gervais
- Canadian Forest Service Natural Resources Canada Québec Québec Canada
| | | | - Grant L. Harley
- Department of Earth and Spatial Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho USA
| | - Jill E. Harvey
- Department of Natural Resource Science Thompson Rivers University Kamloops British Columbia Canada
| | - Kira M. Hoffman
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Bulkley Valley Research Centre Smithers British Columbia Canada
| | - Jean M. Huffman
- Tall Timbers Research Station Tallahassee Florida USA
- Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Matthew D. Hurteau
- Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Lane B. Johnson
- Cloquet Forestry Center University of Minnesota Cloquet Minnesota USA
| | - Charles W. Lafon
- Department of Geography Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Manuel K. Lopez
- New Mexico Landscapes Field Station U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center Santa Fe New Mexico USA
| | | | - Jed Meunier
- Division of Forestry Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Malcolm North
- USFS PSW Research Station Mammoth Lakes California USA
| | - Monica T. Rother
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of North Carolina‐Wilmington Wilmington North Carolina USA
| | - Micah R. Schmidt
- College of Forestry Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Rosemary L. Sherriff
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Analysis Humboldt State University Arcata California USA
| | | | - Alan Taylor
- Department of Geography and Earth and Environmental Systems Institute The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Erana J. Taylor
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | - Valerie Trouet
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | - Miguel L. Villarreal
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Geographic Science Center Moffett Field California USA
| | - Larissa L. Yocom
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah USA
| | - Karen B. Arabas
- Department of Environmental Science Willamette University Salem Oregon USA
| | - Alexis H. Arizpe
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter Vienna Austria
| | - Dominique Arseneault
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie Université du Québec à Rimouski Rimouski Quebec Canada
| | | | - Christopher Baisan
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | - Erica Bigio
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada, Reno Reno Nevada USA
| | - Franco Biondi
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada, Reno Reno Nevada USA
| | | | - Anthony Caprio
- Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks Three Rivers California USA
| | | | - Brandon M. Collins
- Center for Fire Research and Outreach University of California Berkeley California USA
| | - Daniel C. Dey
- US Forest Service, Northern Research Station Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Igor Drobyshev
- Swedish Agricultural University, Southern Swedish Research Centre Uppsala Sweden
- Université du Québec en Abitibi‐Témiscamingue Rouyn‐Noranda Quebec Canada
| | | | | | - William Flatley
- Department of Geography University of Central Arkansas Conway Arkansas USA
| | | | - Ze'ev Gedalof
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Andres Holz
- Department of Geography Portland State University Portland Oregon USA
| | - Lauren F. Howard
- Department of Biology Arcadia University Glenside Pennsylvania USA
| | - David W. Huffman
- Ecological Restoration Institute Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Jose Iniguez
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Kurt F. Kipfmueller
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Society University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | | | - Keith Lombardo
- Southern California Research Learning Center San Diego California USA
| | - Donald McKenzie
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | | | | | - Jesse Minor
- University of Maine System Farmington Maine USA
| | - Christopher D. O'Connor
- Forestry Sciences Laboratory Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service Missoula Montana USA
| | - Laura Platt
- Department of Geography Portland State University Portland Oregon USA
| | - William J. Platt
- Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Thomas Saladyga
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences Concord University Athens West Virginia USA
| | - Amanda B. Stan
- Department of Geography, Planning and Recreation Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Scott Stephens
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California USA
| | - Colleen Sutheimer
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Ramzi Touchan
- Laboratory of Tree‐Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | - Peter J. Weisberg
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada, Reno Reno Nevada USA
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O'Neill KC, Dueñas ME, Larson E, Forsman TT, Lee YJ. Enhancing Metabolite Coverage for Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Through Multiple On-Tissue Chemical Derivatizations. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2437:197-213. [PMID: 34902150 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2030-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to study and visualize metabolites on a cellular and sub-cellular level is important for gaining insights into biological pathways and metabolism of multicellular organisms. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful analytical tool for metabolomics experiments due to its high sensitivity and small sampling size. The spatial resolution in MALDI-MSI is mainly limited by the number of molecules available in a small sampling size. When the sampling size is low enough to achieve cellular or subcellular spatial resolution, signal intensity is sacrificed making poorly ionized metabolites difficult to detect. To overcome this limitation, on-tissue chemical derivatization reactions have been used to enhance the desorption/ionization efficiency of selected classes of compounds by adding a functional group with a permanent positive charge or one that can be easily ionized. By utilizing several chemical derivatizations in parallel, metabolite coverage can be drastically improved. This chapter outlines methodology for sample preparation and data analysis for on-tissue chemical derivatization using various derivatization reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C O'Neill
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Evan Larson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Young-Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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5
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Brazier A, Larson E, Xu Y, Judah G, Egan M, Burd H, Darzi A. 'Dear Doctor': a randomised controlled trial of a text message intervention to reduce burnout in trainee anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:405-415. [PMID: 35026055 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One in four doctors in training in the UK reports feeling 'burnt out' due to their work and similar figures are reported in other countries. This two-group non-blinded randomised controlled trial aimed to determine if a novel text message intervention could reduce burnout and increase well-being in UK trainee anaesthetists. A total of 279 trainee anaesthetists (Core Training Year 2, Specialty Training Years 3 or 4) were included. All participants received one initial message sharing support resources. The intervention group (139 trainees) received 22 fortnightly text messages over approximately 10 months. Messages drew on 11 evidence-based themes including: gratitude; social support; self-efficacy; and self-compassion. Primary outcomes were burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory) and well-being (Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale). Secondary outcomes were as follows: meaning in work; professional value; sickness absence; and consideration of career break. Outcomes were measured via online surveys. Measures of factors that may have affected well-being were included post-hoc, including the impact of COVID-19 (the first UK wave of which coincided with the second half of the trial). The final survey was completed by 153 trainees (74 in the intervention and 79 in the control groups). There were no significant group differences in: burnout (β = -1.82, 95%CI -6.54-2.91, p = 0.45); well-being (-0.52, -1.73-0.69, p = 0.40); meaning (-0.09, -0.67-0.50, p = 0.77); value (-0.01, -0.67-0.66, p = 0.99); sick days (0.88, -2.08-3.83, p = 0.56); or consideration of career break (OR = 0.44, -0.30-1.18, p = 0.24). Exploratory post-hoc analysis found the intervention was associated with reduced burnout in participants reporting personal or work-related difficulties during the trial period (-9.56, -17.35 to -1.77, p = 0.02) and in participants reporting that the COVID-19 pandemic had a big negative impact on their well-being (-10.38, -20.57 to -0.19, p = 0.05). Overall, this trial found the intervention had no impact. However, given this intervention is low cost and requires minimal time commitment from recipients, it may warrant adaptation and further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brazier
- Behavioural Insights Team, London, UK.,Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E Larson
- Behavioural Insights Team North America, New York, NY, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Behavioural Insights Team, London, UK
| | - G Judah
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M Egan
- Behavioural Insights Team, London, UK
| | - H Burd
- Behavioural Insights Team, London, UK
| | - A Darzi
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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6
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Stegemann H, Rudis M, Larson E, Meurer D, Condon J, Heaton H. 388 Patient-Provided Medication List Verification in the Emergency Department: Improving Compliance and Enhancing Teamwork. Ann Emerg Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Larson E. 059 Speeding Assessment in Couples' Sex Therapy using an Online Self-assessment Tool. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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George AS, Morgan R, Larson E, LeFevre A. Gender dynamics in digital health: overcoming blind spots and biases to seize opportunities and responsibilities for transformative health systems. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019; 40:ii6-ii11. [PMID: 30307517 PMCID: PMC6294040 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Much remains to ensure that digital health affirms rather than retrenches inequality, including for gender. Drawing from literature and from the SEARCH projects in this supplement, this commentary highlights key gender dynamics in digital health, including blind spots and biases, as well as transformative opportunities and responsibilities. Women face structural and social barriers that inhibit their participation in digital health, but are also frequently positioned as beneficiaries without opportunities to shape such projects to better fit their needs. Furthermore, overlooking gender relations and focussing on women in isolation can reinforce, rather than address, women’s exclusions in digital health, and worsen negative unanticipated consequences. While digital health provides opportunities to transform gender relations, gender is an intimate and deeply structural form of social inequality that rarely changes due to a single initiative or short-term project. Sustained support over time, across health system stakeholders and levels is required to ensure that transformative change with one set of actors is replicated and reinforced elsewhere in the health system. There is no one size prescriptive formula or checklist. Incremental learning and reflection is required to nurture ownership and respond to unanticipated reactions over time when transforming gender and its multiple intersections with inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S George
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - R Morgan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - E Larson
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - A LeFevre
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
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9
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Mozola MA, Peng X, Wendorf M, Alles S, Artiga L, Buchholz T, Camacho A, Charveron N, Clayborn J, Decker C, Deibel C, Donohue T, Draughon A, Ewings J, Feldworth M, Gane P, Goodwin J, Gunter T, Gutierrez M, Hovland R, Jechorek R, Jones W, Keskinen L, Lamproe B, Larson E, Manwarren H, Merkling A, Osing C, Pangloli P, Remes A, Richter E, Rogers A, Rose B, Ryser E, Secraw S, Slupik M, Wessinger A, Westmoreland R, Yan Z, Zahoor T, Zhang L. Evaluation of the GeneQuence® DNA Hybridization Method in Conjunction with 24-Hour Enrichment Protocols for Detection of Salmonella spp. in Select Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/90.3.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare performance of the GeneQuence® DNA hybridization (DNAH) method incorporating new 24 h enrichment protocols and reference culture procedures for detection of Salmonella spp. in select foods. Six food types (raw ground turkey, raw ground beef, dried whole egg, milk chocolate, walnuts, and dry pet food) were tested by the DNAH method and by the culture methods of either the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) or the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (FDA/BAM). Fifteen laboratories participated in the study. Four of the foods tested (raw ground turkey, dried whole egg, milk chocolate, and dry pet food), showed no statistically significant differences in performance between the DNAH method and the reference procedure as determined by Chi square analysis. Sensitivity rates for the DNAH method ranged from 92 to 100. The DNAH method, with the specific enrichment protocol evaluated, was found to be ineffective for detection of Salmonella spp. in walnuts. For raw ground beef, results from one trial showed a statistically significant difference in performance, with more positives obtained by the reference method. However, evidence suggests that the difference in the number of positives was likely due to lack of homogeneity of the test samples rather than to DNAH method performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuan Peng
- Neogen Corp., 620 Lesher Pl, Lansing, MI 48912
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10
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Frelich LE, Blossey B, Cameron EK, Dávalos A, Eisenhauer N, Fahey T, Ferlian O, Groffman PM, Larson E, Loss SR, Maerz JC, Nuzzo V, Yoo K, Reich PB. Side-swiped: Ecological cascades emanating from earthworm invasion. Front Ecol Environ 2019; 17:502-510. [PMID: 31908623 PMCID: PMC6944502 DOI: 10.1002/fee.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Non-native, invasive earthworms are altering soils throughout the world. Ecological cascades emanating from these changes stem from earthworm-caused changes in detritus processing occurring at a mid-point in the trophic pyramid, rather than the more familiar bottom-up or top-down cascades. They include fundamental changes (microcascades) in soil morphology, bulk density, nutrient leaching, and a shift to warmer, drier soil surfaces with loss of organic horizons. In North American temperate and boreal forests, microcascades cause effects of concern to society (macrocascades), including changes in CO2 sequestration, disturbance regimes, soil quality, water quality, forest productivity, plant communities, and wildlife habitat, and facilitation of other invasive species. Interactions among these changes create cascade complexes that interact with climate change and other environmental changes. The diversity of cascade effects, combined with the vast area invaded by earthworms, lead to regionally important changes in ecological functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee E Frelich
- University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave. N., St. Paul, MN
| | - Bernd Blossey
- Department of Natural Resources, Fernow Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Erin K Cameron
- Global Change and Conservation Group, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Environmental Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Andrea Dávalos
- Department of Natural Resources, Fernow Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
- SUNY Cortland, Department of Biological Sciences, Bowers Hall, Cortland, NY
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timothy Fahey
- Department of Natural Resources, Fernow Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Olga Ferlian
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter M Groffman
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, and Brooklyn College Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, City University of New York, New York, NY
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY
| | - Evan Larson
- University of Wisconsin-Platteville, Department of Geography, 1 University Plaza, Platteville, WI
| | - Scott R Loss
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 008C Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK
| | - John C Maerz
- Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 180 East Green Street, Athens, GA
| | - Victoria Nuzzo
- Natural Area Consultants, 1 West Hill School Road, Richford NY
| | - Kyungsoo Yoo
- University of Minnesota, Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, St. Paul, MN
| | - Peter B Reich
- University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave. N., St. Paul, MN
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, NSW, Australia
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11
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Cato KD, Sun C, Dohrn J, Ferng YH, Klopper HC, Larson E. Nurse and midwife researcher collaboration in eastern sub-Saharan Africa: a social network analysis. Int Nurs Rev 2019; 66:571-576. [PMID: 31517393 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the collaborative networks among expert clinical nurse and midwifery researchers in eastern and southern Africa. METHODS Thirty-eight clinical nurse and midwifery researchers completed an online survey to analyse collaboration between respondents. Data were analysed using social network analysis, generating a network map and associated measurements. RESULTS Regional collaboration was poor. Those links that did exist centred on geographic proximity and participation in regional and international organizations. CONCLUSION These results help us to understand better ways to strengthen and support nursing and midwifery clinical research in eastern and southern Africa. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY Clinical nursing and midwifery research capacity building efforts should focus on supporting collaboration networks among individuals and institutions in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Cato
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Nursing, Research and Innovation, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Sun
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Nursing, Research and Innovation, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Dohrn
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - Y-H Ferng
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - H C Klopper
- Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - E Larson
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Anderson SC, Chu L, Bouma C, Beukelman L, McLouth R, Larson E, Nienow AM. Comparison of the Photodegradation of Imazethapyr in Aqueous Solution, on Epicuticular Waxes, and on Intact Corn (Zea Mays) and Soybean (Glycine Max) Leaves. J Environ Sci Health B 2018; 54:129-137. [PMID: 30285550 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2018.1511400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A direct, controlled comparison of the photodegradation of imazethapyr has been made between imazethapyr in aqueous solutions, imazethapyr on the surface of epicuticular waxes of corn and soybean plants, and imazethapyr on the surface of intact corn and soybean plant leaves. In some experiments, the imazethapyr solutions were allowed to evaporate partially or fully after application to better model environmental conditions. The photodegradation of imazethapyr was fastest in aqueous solutions (k = 0.16 ± 0.02 h-1) and slowest on the surface of corn and soybean plants (kcorn = 0.00048 ± 0.001 h-1 and ksoy = 0.00054 ± 0.003 h-1). Experiments allowing evaporation during irradiation have intermediate rate constants (e.g., kcorn = 0.082 ± 0.005 h-1). Finally, identification of photoproducts was also examined on epicuticular waxes of corn and soybean plants for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Anderson
- a Department of Chemistry , Gustavus Adolphus College , Saint Peter , Minnesota , USA
| | - Linh Chu
- a Department of Chemistry , Gustavus Adolphus College , Saint Peter , Minnesota , USA
| | - Chandra Bouma
- a Department of Chemistry , Gustavus Adolphus College , Saint Peter , Minnesota , USA
| | - Logan Beukelman
- a Department of Chemistry , Gustavus Adolphus College , Saint Peter , Minnesota , USA
| | - Rayna McLouth
- a Department of Chemistry , Gustavus Adolphus College , Saint Peter , Minnesota , USA
| | - Evan Larson
- a Department of Chemistry , Gustavus Adolphus College , Saint Peter , Minnesota , USA
| | - Amanda M Nienow
- a Department of Chemistry , Gustavus Adolphus College , Saint Peter , Minnesota , USA
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Copes-Gerbitz K, Arabas K, Larson E, Gildehaus S. A Multi-Proxy Environmental Narrative of Oregon White Oak (Quercus garryana) Habitat in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Northwest Science 2017. [DOI: 10.3955/046.091.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Copes-Gerbitz
- Kelsey Copes-Gerbitz1, 2 and Karen Arabas, Environmental and Earth Sciences Department, Willamette University, 900 State Street, Salem, Oregon 97301
- Current address: Forest and Conservation Sciences Department, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Karen Arabas
- Kelsey Copes-Gerbitz1, 2 and Karen Arabas, Environmental and Earth Sciences Department, Willamette University, 900 State Street, Salem, Oregon 97301
| | - Evan Larson
- Evan Larson, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Platteville, 1 University Plaza, Platteville, Wisconsin 53818
| | - Stevie Gildehaus
- Stevie Gildehaus, Environmental and Earth Sciences Department, Willamette University, 900 State Street, Salem, Oregon 97301
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Felker-Kantor E, Dilorenzo M, Larson E, Nadas M. EqualHealth’s visiting professor program: providing continuing medical
education and professional development opportunities for haitian health
professionals. Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Edwards A, Larson E, Beckert M, Sahai N, Albright JP. TT-TG vs. modified lateral patellar edge for determination of tibial tubercle transfer distance in Fulkerson osteotomy procedures. Knee 2016; 23:712-5. [PMID: 27184882 PMCID: PMC6292210 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is currently used at our institution to determine tibial tubercle medialization required in Fulkerson osteotomies. If the correlation between a modified lateral patellar edge (LPE) and the transfer distance was found to be stronger than its correlation with TT-TG, it would suggest that the best measurement to use is actually modified LPE. METHODS The electronic medical records of 32 patients who underwent Fulkerson osteotomy procedures with femoral nerve stimulation were reviewed and measured. For each patient, modified LPE was measured on quadriceps active hyperextension MRI, and TT-TG was measured on passive extension MRI. Correlation between both TT-TG and LPE and tibial tubercle transfer distance was then determined and analysed. RESULTS The correlation between TT-TG and actual intra-operative tibial tubercle transfer distance in Fulkerson osteotomy procedures with intra-operative femoral nerve stimulation was found to be weak at 0.436 (p<0.05). The correlation between modified LPE and actual intra-operative tibial tubercle transfer distance was found to be strong at 0.697 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The correlation between modified LPE and actual intra-operative tibial tubercle transfer distance was stronger than the correlation between TT-TG and tibial tubercle transfer distance. This suggests that the modified LPE may actually be a better preoperative determinant than the currently-utilized TT-TG of the transfer distance required during Fulkerson osteotomy procedures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, diagnostic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Edwards
- The University of Iowa, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, 200 Hawkins Dr. #4802, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States
| | - Evan Larson
- The University of Iowa, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, 200 Hawkins Dr. #4802, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States
| | - Mitchell Beckert
- The University of Iowa, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, 200 Hawkins Dr. #4802, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States
| | - Nikhil Sahai
- The University of Iowa, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, 200 Hawkins Dr. #4802, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States
| | - John P Albright
- The University of Iowa, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, 200 Hawkins Dr. #4802, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- M Levin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756-0001, USA.
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Abstract
AIM This study reviewed grey literature to assess clinical nursing and midwifery research conducted in southern and eastern African countries over the past decade. BACKGROUND The shortage of published nursing research from African countries severely limits the ability of practicing nurses and midwives to base clinical decisions on solid evidence. However, little is known regarding unpublished or unindexed clinical research ('grey literature'), a potentially rich source of information. Identifying these sources may reveal resources to assist nurses in providing evidence-based care. INTRODUCTION This scoping review of grey literature on clinical nursing and midwifery research in southern and eastern African countries helped to identify gaps in research and assess whether these gaps differ from published research. METHODS Systematic searches of grey literature were performed. Research was included if it was conducted by nurses in 1 of 25 southern or eastern African countries, between 2004 and 2014 and included patient outcomes. Data were extracted on location, institution, research topic, institutional connections and author information. Chi-square tests were performed to compare differences between indexed and non-indexed literature. RESULTS We found 262 studies by 287 authors from 17 southern and eastern African countries covering 13 topics. Although all topics were also found in indexed literature and there were statistically significant differences between the number of times, fewer topics were covered in grey literature vs. indexed. DISCUSSION Patient satisfaction and experience and traditional health practices were more likely to be published, whereas chronic disease, assault and paediatric-related research were less often published. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY Generally, there is a paucity of clinical nursing research in this region. This could reflect the shortage of nurses prepared to conduct research in this region. Nurses may find additional resources for evidence in the grey literature. A complete understanding of the state of nursing science in southern and eastern African countries will help nurses and midwives to understand gaps in clinical research knowledge, potentially direct their research to more critical topics, and inform funding bodies and policy-makers of the situation of nursing science in southern and eastern African countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sun
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Dohrn
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Omoni
- School of Nursing Sciences, Kenyatta National Hospital Nairobi, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - A Malata
- Kamuzu College of Nursing, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi
| | - H Klopper
- INSINQ, North-West University, Potchefstroom, Malawi.,School of Nursing, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - E Larson
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Peters
- Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Winston-Salem, N.C
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Hum RS, Cato K, Sheehan B, Patel S, Duchon J, DeLaMora P, Ferng YH, Graham P, Vawdrey DK, Perlman J, Larson E, Saiman L. Developing clinical decision support within a commercial electronic health record system to improve antimicrobial prescribing in the neonatal ICU. Appl Clin Inform 2014; 5:368-87. [PMID: 25024755 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2013-09-ra-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and implement a clinical decision support (CDS) tool to improve antibiotic prescribing in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and to evaluate user acceptance of the CDS tool. METHODS Following sociotechnical analysis of NICU prescribing processes, a CDS tool for empiric and targeted antimicrobial therapy for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) was developed and incorporated into a commercial electronic health record (EHR) in two NICUs. User logs were reviewed and NICU prescribers were surveyed for their perceptions of the CDS tool. RESULTS The CDS tool aggregated selected laboratory results, including culture results, to make treatment recommendations for common clinical scenarios. From July 2010 to May 2012, 1,303 CDS activations for 452 patients occurred representing 22% of patients prescribed antibiotics during this period. While NICU clinicians viewed two culture results per tool activation, prescribing recommendations were viewed during only 15% of activations. Most (63%) survey respondents were aware of the CDS tool, but fewer (37%) used it during their most recent NICU rotation. Respondents considered the most useful features to be summarized culture results (43%) and antibiotic recommendations (48%). DISCUSSION During the study period, the CDS tool functionality was hindered by EHR upgrades, implementation of a new laboratory information system, and changes to antimicrobial testing methodologies. Loss of functionality may have reduced viewing antibiotic recommendations. In contrast, viewing culture results was frequently performed, likely because this feature was perceived as useful and functionality was preserved. CONCLUSION To improve CDS tool visibility and usefulness, we recommend early user and information technology team involvement which would facilitate use and mitigate implementation challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Hum
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University , NY, NY
| | - K Cato
- School of Nursing, Columbia University , NY, NY
| | - B Sheehan
- Faculty Practice Organization, Columbia University , NY, NY
| | - S Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University , Chicago, IL
| | - J Duchon
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University , NY, NY
| | - P DeLaMora
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College , NY, NY
| | - Y H Ferng
- School of Nursing, Columbia University , NY, NY
| | - P Graham
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University , NY, NY ; Department of Quality and Patient Safety, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , NY, NY ; Department of Infection Prevention & Control, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , NY, NY
| | - D K Vawdrey
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University , NY, NY
| | - J Perlman
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College , NY, NY
| | - E Larson
- School of Nursing, Columbia University , NY, NY ; School of Nursing and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University , NY, NY
| | - L Saiman
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University , NY, NY ; Department of Infection Prevention & Control, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , NY, NY
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Larson E, Edwards A, Albright J. Functional outcomes of MPFL reconstruction vs. graft tissue placement. Iowa Orthop J 2014; 34:38-43. [PMID: 25328457 PMCID: PMC4127708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is essential for the maintenance of correct biomechanical function of the knee. Reconstruction of the MPFL is commonly used in the restoration of patellofemoral stability after traumatic lateral subluxation of the patella. Although a method to accurately determine the MPFL's insertion point has been described, it remains unclear if anatomic placement of MPFL graft tissue is essential for preservation of knee function after MPFL reconstruction. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the importance of anatomic placement of MPFL graft tissue for the preservation of knee function following MPFL reconstruction operations. METHODS Twenty-seven subjects who underwent MPFL reconstruction operations were retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative radiographs were reviewed. Measurements were taken, and the placement of each patient's MPFL graft tissue was determined to be anatomic or non-anatomic based on radiographic methods previously described in the literature. Each subject's electronic medical record was then reviewed, and clinical data was recorded. Finally, the clinical outcomes of each patient were compared to placement location of the MPFL graft tissue in their procedure. RESULTS Thirteen patients were found to have anatomic MPFL graft tissue placement, and 14 non-anatomic. A significant post-operative difference was found between groups in the following parameters: WOMAC pain (anatomic mean = 85.71 ± 11.34, non-anatomic mean = 75.00 ± 26.35 p = 0.018), function (anatomic mean = 85.85 ± 9.96, non-anatomic mean = 79.09 ± 24.45, p = 0.017) and in KOOS symptom (anatomic mean = 75.63 ± 11.79, non-anatomic mean = 67.83 ± 22.40, p = 0.024), pain (anatomic mean = 77.54 ± 8.61, non-anatomic mean = 71.39 ± 25.18, p = 0.01), ADL (anatomic mean = 85.85 ± 9.97, non-anatomic mean = 79.09 ± 24.45, p = 0.017) and overall (anatomic mean = 74.61 ± 10.33, non-anatomic mean = 69.41 ± 24.25, p = 0.01) scores. No significant difference was observed for post-op instability (p = 0.290) or apprehension (p = 0.496), improvement in WOMAC or KOOS, 2-week, 6-week, or final 1-year range of motion, WOMAC stiffness, or KOOS sport/recreation or QOL. CONCLUSION Within the range of graft placement values considered by this study, while no reduction in range of motion was seen, non-anatomic placement of MPFL graft tissue in MPFL reconstruction operations caused increased pain and decreased function, evidenced by post-operative KOOS and WOMAC scores. CLINICAL RELEVANCE It seems that the pivotal step in MPFL reconstruction operations is ensuring correct patellofemoral tracking via intraoperative electrical femoral nerve stimulation. If this step of the procedure is performed correctly, non-anatomic placement will not limit range of motion, lead to continued apprehension, or affect the overall biomechanical functioning of the knee.
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Edwards A, Larson E, Albright J. Correlation of radiographic patellofemoral indices with tibial tubercle transfer distance in Fulkerson osteotomy procedures. Iowa Orthop J 2014; 34:24-29. [PMID: 25328455 PMCID: PMC4127745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A laterally tracking patella is commonly seen in patients with chronic recurrent lateral patellar dislocations. Clinical appearance of the J-sign occurs when the patella is congruent with the trochlear groove in flexion and moves over the lateral border of the femoral condyle as the lower leg reaches complete extension. A Fulkerson osteotomy procedure corrects this maltracking of the patella by medially transferring the tibial tubercle. There are many radiographic patellofemoral indices that can be used describe this incongruence about the patelloformal joint. The current literature supports the use of the tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) index in determining the appropriate amount medialization of the extensor mechanism. However there is little agreement in how far to transfer the tibial tubercle to best achieve maximum patello-femoral congruency. It is the senior author's belief that lateral patellar edge (LPE) measure on voluntary quadriceps active hyperextension MRI scan has the strongest correlation with final operative tibial tubercle transfer distance needed to achieve maximum patellofemoral congruency. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to show that the voluntary quadriceps active hyperextension MRI measurement of lateral patellar edge (LPE) has the strongest correlation with tibial tubercle transfer distance required to achieve maxium patellofemoral congruency intraoperatively in the terminal 30 degrees of active knee extension compared to all other patellofemoral indices measured on axial MRI scans with the knee in voluntary active knee extension to 30 degrees of flexion, passive full extension, and voluntary quadriceps active hyperextension. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series via review of the electronic medical record. METHODS Forty-three Fulkerson osteotomy patient charts were reviewed retrospectively. Three different pre-operative axial MRI views were then examined and measured for Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove (tt-tg), lateral patellar edge (LPE), bisect offset (BSO), and lateral patellar displacement (LPD). Each patient had three MRIs: one with the knee resting in extension, one in voluntary quadriceps active hyperextension, and one in voluntary quadriceps active 30 degree flexion. Statistics were then calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (IBM corp). RESULTS Tibial tubercle transfer distances required to achieve congruency intraoperatively correlated moderately (0.500-0.300) and were statistically significant (alpha .050) for passive extension MRI measurement of TT-TG (Pearson--0.403, alpha 0.010) and LPD (Pearson .362, alpha 0.022); voluntary quadriceps active hyperextension TT-TG (Pearson 0.487, alpha, 0.001); voluntary quadriceps active flexion TT-TG (Pearson .548, alpha< 0.001), LPE (Pearson .332, alpha 0.029), and LPD (Pearson 0.446 alpha .003). CONCLUSION The hypothesis that voluntary quadriceps active hyperextension MRI LPE measurement best correlated with tibial tubercle transfer distance was incorrect. The data collected showed correlation and statistical significance for voluntary quadriceps active flexion LPE with required tibal tubercle transfer distance (Pearson 0.34, alpha 0.026). The MRI measurement that best correlated with tibial tubercle transfer distance was voluntary quadriceps active flexion measure of TT-TG (Pearson .556, alpha< 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Edwards
- University of Iowa Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation Division of Sports Medicine
| | - Evan Larson
- University of Iowa Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation Division of Sports Medicine
| | - John Albright
- University of Iowa Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation Division of Sports Medicine
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Bristow CC, Larson E, Vilakazi-Nhlapo AK, Wilson M, Klausner JD. Scale-up of isoniazid preventive therapy in PEPFAR-assisted clinical sites in South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:1020-2. [PMID: 22668595 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in South Africa from January 2010 to March 2011. The South African National Department of Health distributed revised IPT guidelines in May 2010 to increase IPT use in eligible human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. We found a dramatic increase in the absolute numbers of patients reported to have been initiated on IPT (from 3309 in January-March 2010 to 49 130 in January-March 2011), representing an increase in the proportion (1.0-10.5%) of potentially eligible HIV-infected patients started on IPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Bristow
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Allegranzi B, Stewardson A, Grayson L, Larson E, Voss A, Kilpatrick C, Pittet D. Background and features of the WHO hand hygiene self-assessment framework. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3239483 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s6-o68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Aristophanous M, Berbeco R, Killoran J, Yap J, Sher D, Allen A, Larson E, Chen A. Investigation of the Clinical Utility of 4D FDG-PET/CT Scans In Radiation Treatment Planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kontos AP, Elbin RJ, Covassin T, Larson E. Exploring Differences in Computerized Neurocognitive Concussion Testing Between African American and White Athletes. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2010; 25:734-44. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acq068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Escabi Y, San Miguel L, Judd T, Hertza J, Nicholson J, Schiff W, Bell C, Estes B, Millikin C, Shelton P, Marotta P, Wingler I, Barth J, Parmenter B, Andrews G, Riordan P, Lipinski D, Sawyer J, Brewer V, Kirk J, Green C, Kirkwood M, Brooks B, Fay T, Barlow K, Chelune G, Duff K, Wang A, Franchow E, Card S, Zamrini E, Foster N, Duff K, Chelune G, Wang A, Card S, Franchow E, Zamrini E, Foster N, Green D, Polikar R, Clark C, Kounios J, Malek-Ahmadi M, Kataria R, Belden C, Connor D, Pearson C, Jacobson S, Yaari R, Singh U, Sabbagh M, Manning K, Arnold S, Moelter S, Davatzikos C, Clark C, Moberg P, Singer R, Seelye A, Smith A, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Viamonte S, Murman D, West S, Fonseca F, McCue R, Golden C, Cox D, Crowell T, Fazeli P, Vance D, Ross L, Ackerman M, Hill B, Tremont G, Davis J, Westervelt H, Alosco M, O'Connor K, Ahearn D, Pella R, Jain G, Noggle C, Sohi J, Jeetwani A, Thompson J, Barisa M, Sohi J, Noggle C, Jeetwani A, Jain S, Thompson J, Barisa M, Vanderslice-Barr J, Gillen R, Zimmerman E, Holdnack J, Creamer S, Rice J, Fitzgerald K, Elbin R, Patwardhan S, Covassin T, Kiewel N, Kontos A, Meyers C, Hakun J, Ravizza S, Berger K, Paltin I, Hertza J, Phillips F, Estes B, Schiff W, Bell C, Anderson J, Horton A, Reynolds C, Huckans M, Vandenbark A, Dougherty M, Loftis J, Langill M, Roberts R, Iverson G, Appel-Cresswell S, Stoessl A, Lazarus J, Olcese R, Juncos J, McCaskell D, Walsh K, Allen E, Shubeck L, Hamilton D, Novack G, Sherman S, Livingson R, Schmitt A, Stewart R, Doyle K, Smernoff E, West S, Galusha J, Hua S, Mattingly M, Rinehardt E, Benbadis S, Borzog A, Rogers-Neame N, Vale F, Frontera A, Schoenberg M, Rosenbaum K, Norman M, Woods S, Houshyarnejad A, Filoteo W, Corey-Bloom J, Pachet A, Larco C, Raymond M, Rinehardt E, Mattingly M, Golden C, Benbadis S, Borzog A, Rogers-Neame N, Vale F, Frontera A, Schoenberg M, Schmitt A, Stewart R, Livingston R, Doyle K, Copenheaver D, Smernoff E, Werry A, Claunch J, Galusha J, Uysal S, Mazzeffi M, Lin H, Reich D, August-Fedio A, Sexton J, Zand D, Keller J, Thomas T, Fedio P, Austin A, Millikin C, Baade L, Shelton P, Yamout K, Marotta J, Boatwright B, Kardel P, Heinrichs R, Blake T, Silverberg N, Anton H, Bradley E, Lockwood C, Hull A, Poole J, Demadura T, Storzbach D, Acosta M, Tun S, Hull A, Greenberg L, Lockwood C, Hutson L, Belsher B, Sullivan C, Poole J, La Point S, Harrison A, Packer R, Suhr J, Heilbronner R, Lange R, Iverson G, Brubacher J, Lange R, Waljas M, Iverson G, Hakulinen U, Dastidar P, Trammell B, Hartikainen K, Soimakallio S, Ohman J, Lee-Wilk T, Ryan P, Kurtz S, Dux M, Dischinger P, Auman K, Murdock K, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Kane R, Lockwood C, Hull A, Poole J, MacGregor A, Watt D, Puente A, Marceaux J, Dilks L, Carroll A, Dean R, Ashworth B, Dilks S, Thrasher A, Carbonaro S, Blancett S, Ringdahl E, Finton M, Thaler N, Drane D, Umuhoza D, Barber B, Schoenberg M, Umuhoza D, Allen D, Roebuck-Spencer T, Vincent A, Schlegel R, Gilliland K, Lazarus T, Brown F, Katz L, Mucci G, Franchow E, Suchy Y, Kraybill M, Eastvold A, Funes C, Stern S, Morris M, Graham L, Parikh M, Hynan L, Buchbinder D, Grosch M, Weiner M, Cullum M, Hart J, Lavach J, Holcomb M, Allen R, Holcomb M, Renee A, Holland A, Chang R, Erdodi L, Hellings J, Catoe A, Lajiness-O'Neill R, Whiteside D, Smith A, Brown J, Hardin J, Rutledge J, Carmona J, Wang R, Harrison D, Horton A, Reynolds C, Horton A, Reynolds C, Jurado M, Monroy M, Eddinger K, Serrano M, Rosselli M, Chakravarti P, Riccio C, Banville F, Schretlen D, Wahlberg A, Vannorsdall T, Yoon H, Sung K, Simek A, Gordon B, Vaughn C, Kibby M, Barwick F, Arnett P, Rabinowitz A, Vargas G, Barwick F, Arnett P, Rabinowitz A, Vargas G, Davis J, Ramos C, Hynd G, Sherer C, Stone M, Wall J, Davis J, Bagley A, McHugh T, Axelrod B, Hanks R, Denning J, Gervais R, Dougherty M, Sellbom M, Wygant D, Klonoff P, Lange R, Iverson G, Carone D, O'Connor Pennuto T, Kluck A, Ball J, Pella R, Rice J, Hietpas-Wilson T, McCoy K, VanBuren K, Hilsabeck R, Shahani L, Noggle C, Jain G, Sohi J, Thomspon J, Barisa M, Golden C, Vincent A, Roebuck-Spencer T, Cooper D, Bowles A, Gilliland K, Womble M, Rohling M, Gervais R, Greiffenstein M, Harrison A, Jones K, Suhr J, Armstrong C, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Holcomb M, Trammell B, Dean R, Puente A, Whigham K, Rodriguez M, West S, Golden C, Kelley E, Poole J, Larco C, May N, Nemeth D, Olivier T, Whittington L, Hamilton J, Steger A, McDonald K, Jeffay E, Gammada E, Zakzanis K, Ramanathan D, Wardecker B, Slocomb J, Hillary F, Rohling M, Demakis G, Larrabee G, Binder L, Ploetz D, Schatz P, Smith A, Stolberg P, Thayer N, Mayfield J, Jones W, Allen D, Storzbach D, Demadura T, Tun S, Sutton G, Ringdahl E, Thaler N, Barney S, Mayfield J, Pinegar J, Allen D, Terranova J, Kazakov D, McMurray J, Mayfield J, Allen D, Villemure R, Nolin P, Le Sage N, Yeung E, Zakzanis K, Gammada E, Jeffay E, Yi A, Small S, Macciocchi S, Barlow K, Seel R, Rabinowitz A, Arnett P, Rabinowitz A, Barwick F, Arnett P, Bailey T, Brown M, Whiteside D, Waters D, Golden C, Grzybkowska A, Wyczesany M, Katz L, Brown F, Roth R, McNeil K, Vroman L, Semrud-Clikeman T, Terrie, Seydel K, Holster J, Corsun-Ascher C, Golden C, Holster J, Corsun-Ascher C, Golden C, Bolanos J, Bergman B, Rodriguez M, Patel F, Frisch D, Golden C, Brooks B, Holdnack J, Iverson G, Brown M, Lowry N, Whiteside D, Bailey T, Dougherty M, West S, Golden C, Estes B, Bell C, Hertza J, Dennison A, Jones K, Holster J, Caorsun-Ascher C, Armstrong C, Golden C, Mackelprang J, Karle J, Najmabadi S, Valley-Gray S, Cash R, Gonzalez E, Metoyer K, Holster J, Golden C, Natta L, Gomez R, Trettin L, Tennakoon L, Schatzberg A, Keller J, Davis J, Sherer C, Wall J, Ramos C, Patterson C, Shaneyfelt K, DenBoer J, Hall S, Gunner J, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Lo T, Cottingham M, Aretsen T, Boone K, Goldberg H, Miele A, Gunner J, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Miele A, Benigno A, Gunner J, Leigh K, Lynch J, Drexler M, McCaffrey R, Weiss E, Ploetz D, Rohling M, Lankey M, Womble M, Yeung S, Silverberg N, Zakzanis K, Amirthavasagam S, Jeffay E, Gammada E, Yeung E, McDonald K, Constantinou M, DenBoer J, Hall S, Lee S, Klaver J, Kibby M, Stern S, Morris M, Morris R, Whittington L, Nemeth D, Olivier T, May N, Hamilton J, Steger A, Chan R, West S, Golden C, Landstrom M, Dodzik P, Boneff T, Williams T, Robbins J, Martin P, Prinzi L, Golden C, Barber B, Mucci G, Brzinski B, Frish D, Rosen S, Golden C, Hamilton J, Nemeth D, Martinez A, Kirk J, Exalona A, Wicker N, Green C, Broshek D, Kao G, Kirkwood M, Quigg M, Cohen M, Riccio C, Olson K, Rice J, Dougherty M, Golden C, Sharma V, Rodriguez M, Golden C, Paltin I, Walsh K, Rosenbaum K, Copenheaver D, Zand D, Kardel P, Acosta M, Packer R, Vasserman M, Fonseca F, Tourgeman I, Stack M, Demsky Y, Golden C, Horwitz J, McCaffey R, Ojeda C, Kadushin F, Wingler I, Lazarus G, Green J, Barth J, Puente A, Parikh M, Graham L, Hynan L, Grosch M, Weiner M, Cullum C, Tourgeman I, Bure-Reyes A, Stewart J, Stack M, Demsky Y, Golden C, Zhang J, Tourgeman I, Demsky Y, Stack M, Golden C, Bures-Reye A, Stewart J, Tourgeman I, Demsky Y, Stack M, Golden C, Finlay L, Goldberg H, Arentsen T, Lo T, Moriarti T, Mackelprang J, Karle J, Aragon P, Gonzalez E, Valley-Gray S, Cash R, Mackelprang J, Karle J, Hardie R, Cash R, Gonzalez E, Valley-Gray S, Mason J, Keller J, Gomez R, Trettin L, Schatzberg A, Moore R, Mausbach B, Viglione D, Patterson T, Morrow J, Barber B, Restrepo L, Mucci G, Golden C, Buchbinder D, Chang R, Wang R, Pearlson J, Scarisbrick D, Rodriguez M, Golden C, Restrepo L, Morrow J, Golden C, Switalska J, Torres I, DeFreitas C, DeFreitas V, Bond D, Yatham L, Zakzanis K, Gammada E, Jeffay E, Yeung E, Amirathavasagam S, McDonald K, Hertza J, Bell C, Estes B, Schiff W, Bayless J, McCormick L, Long J, Brumm M, Lewis J, Benigno A, Leigh K, Drexler M, Weiss E, Bharadia V, Walker L, Freedman M, Atkins H, Jackson A, Perna R, Cooper D, Lau D, Lyons H, Culotta V, Griffith K, Coiro M, Papadakis A, Weden S, Sestito N, Brennan L, Benjamin T, Ciaudelli B, Fanning M, Giovannetti T, Chute D, Vathhauer K, Steh B, Osuji J, Steh B, Katz D, Ackerman M, Vance D, Fazeli P, Ross L, Strang J, Strauss A, Bienia K, Hollingsworth D, Ensley M, Atkins J, Grigorovich A, Bell C, Fish J, Hertza J, Leach L, Schiff W, Gomez M, Estes B, Dennison A, Davis A, Roberds E, Lutz J, Byerley A, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Davis M, Sutton S, Moses J, Doan B, Hanna M, Adam G, Wile A, Butler M, Self B, Heaton K, Brininger T, Edwards M, Johnson K, O'Bryan S, Williams J, Joes K, Frazier D, Moses J, Giesbrecht C, Nielson H, Barone C, Thornton A, Vila-Rodriguez F, Paquet F, Barr A, Vertinsky T, Lang D, Honer W, Hart J, Lavach J, Hietpas-Wilson T, Pella R, McCoy K, VanBuren K, Hilsabeck R, James S, Robillard R, Holder C, Long M, Sandhu K, Padua M, Moses J, Lutz J, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Dean R, Olivier T, Nemeth D, Whittington L, May N, Hamilton J, Steger A, Roberg B, Hancock L, Jacobson J, Tyrer J, Lynch S, Bruce J, Sordahl J, Hertza J, Bell C, Estes B, Schiff W, Sousa J, Jerram M, Wiebe-Moore D, Susmaras T, Gansler D, Vertinski M, Smith L, Thaler N, Mayfield J, Allen D, Buscher L, Jared B, Hancock L, Roberg B, Tyrer J, Lynch S, Choi W, Lai S, Lau E, Li A, Covassin T, Elbin R, Kontos A, Larson E, Hubley A, Lazarus G, Puente A, Ojeda C, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Trammell B, Dean R, Patwardhan S, Fitzgerald K, Meyers C, Wefel J, Poole J, Gray M, Utley J, Lew H, Riordan P, Sawyer J, Buscemi J, Lombardo T, Barney S, Allen D, Stolberg P, Mayfield J, Brown S, Tussey C, Barrow M, Marcopulos B, Kingma J, Heinly M, Fazio R, Griswold S, Denney R, Corney P, Crossley M, Edwards M, O'Bryant S, Hobson V, Hall J, Barber R, Zhang S, Johnson L, Diaz-Arrastia R, Hall J, Johnson L, Barber R, Cullum M, Lacritz L, O'Bryant S, Lena P, Robbins J, Martin P, Stewart J, Golden C, Martin P, Prinzi L, Robbins J, Golden C, Ruchinskas R, West S, Fonseca F, Rice J, McCue R, Golden C, Fischer A, Yeung S, Thornton W, Rossetti H, Bernardo K, Weiner M, Cullum C, Lacritz L, Yeung S, Fischer A, Thornton W, Zec R, Kohlrus S, Fritz S, Robbs R, Ala T, Cummings T, Webbe F, Srinivasan V, Gavett B, Kowall N, Qiu W, Jefferson A, Green R, Stern R, Hill B, Su T, Correia S, O'Bryant S, Gong G, Spallholz J, Boylan M, Edwards M, Hargrave K, Johnson L, Stewart J, Golden C, Broennimann A, Wisniewski A, Austin B, Bens M, Carroll C, Knee K, Mittenberg W, Zimmerman A, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Roberds E, Dean R, Anderson C, Parmenter B, Blackwell E, Silverberg N, Douglas K, Gassermar M, Kranzler H, Chan G, Gelenter J, Arias A, Farrer L, Giummarra J, Bowden S, Cook M, Murphy M, Hancock L, Bruce J, Peterson S, Tyrer J, Murphy M, Jacobson J, Lynch S, Holder C, Mauseth T, Robillard R, Langill M, Roberts R, Iverson G, Appel-Cresswell S, Stoessl A, Macleod L, Bowden S, Partridge R, Webster B, Heinrichs R, Baade L, Sandhu K, Padua M, Long M, Moses J, Schmitt A, Werry A, Hu S, Stewart R, Livingston R, Deitrick S, Doyle K, Smernoff E, Schoenberg M, Rinehardt E, Mattingly M, Borzog A, Rodgers-Neame N, Vale F, Frontera A, Benbadis S, Ukueberuwa D, Arnett P, Vargas G, Riordan P, Arnett P, Lipinski D, Sawyer J, Brewer V, Viner K, Lee G, Walker L, Berrigan L, Ress L, Cheng A, Freedma M, Hellings J, Whiteside D, Brown J, Singer R, Woods S, Weber E, Cameron M, Dawson M, Grant I, Frisch D, Brzinski B, Golden C, Hutton J, Vidal O, Puente A, Klaver J, Lee S, Kibby M, Mireles G, Anderson B, Davis J, Rosen S, Scarisbrick D, Brzinski B, Golden C, Simek A, Vaughn C, Wahlberg A, Yoon H, Riccio C, Steger A, Nemeth D, Thorgusen S, Suchy Y, Rau H, Williams P, Wahlberg A, Yoon V, Simek A, Vaughn C, Riccio C, Whitman L, Bender H, Granader Y, Freshman A, MacAllister W, Freshman A, Bender H, Whitman L, Granader Y, MacAllister W, Yoon V, Simek A, Vaughn C, Wahlberg A, Riccio C, Noll K, Cullum C, O'Bryant S, Hall J, Simpson C, Padua M, Long M, Sandhu K, Moses J, Scarisbrick D, Holster J, Corsun-Ascher C, Golden C, Stang B, Trettin L, Rogers E, Saleh M, Che A, Tennakoon L, Keller J, Schatzberg A, Gomez R, Tayim F, Moses J, Morris R, Thaler N, Lechuga D, Cross C, Salinas C, Reynolds C, Mayfield J, Allen D, Webster B, Partridge R, Heinrichs R, Badde L, Weiss E, Antoniello D, McGinley J, Gomes W, Masur D, Brooks B, Holdnack J, Iverson G, Banville F, Nolin P, Henry M, Lalonde S, Dery M, Cloutier J, Green J, Sokol D, Lowery K, Hole M, Helmus A, Teat R, DelMastro C, Paquette B, Grosch M, Hynan L, Graham L, Parikh M, Weiner M, Cullum M, Hubley A, Lutz J, Dean R, Paterson T, O'Rourke N, Thornton W, Randolph J, Suffiield J, Crockett D, Spreen O, Trammell B, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Holcomb M, Dean R, Busse M, Wald D, Whiteside D, Breisch A, Fieldstone S, Vannorsda T, Lassen-Greene C, Gordon B, Schretlen D, Launeanu M, Hubley A, Maruyama R, Cuesta G, Davis J, Takahashi T, Shinoda H, Gregg N, Davis J, Cheung S, Takahashi T, Shinoda H, Gregg N, Holcomb M, Mazur A, Trammell B, Dean R, Perna R, Jackson A, Villar R, Ager D, Ellicon B, Als L, Nadel S, Cooper M, Pierce C, Hau S, Vezir S, Picouto M, Sahakian B, Garralda E, Mucci G, Barber B, Semrud-Clikeman M, Goldenring J, Bledsoe J, Vroman L, Crow S, Zimmerman A, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Roberds E, Dean R, Sokol D, Hole M, Teat R, Paquett B, Albano J, Broshek D, Elias J, Brennan L, Chakravarti P, Schultheis L, Kibby M, Weisser V, Hynd G, Ang J, Crockett D, Puente A, Weiss E, Longman R, Antoniello D, Axelrod B, McGinley J, Gomes W, Masur D, Davis A, Lutz J, Roberds E, Williams R, Gupta A, Estes B, Dennison A, Schiff W, Hertza J, Ferrari M. Grand Rounds. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acq056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Larson E, Chandler D. Explaining crypsis and information content in the visual pathway using statistical properties of animal camouflage and natural scenes. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.15.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Phillips M, Haines M, Peck E, Lee H, Phillips B, Wein B, Bekenstein J, O'Grady J, Schoenberg M, Ogrocki P, Maddux B, Whitney C, Gould D, Riley D, Maciunas R, Espe-Pfeifer P, Arguello J, Taber S, Duff K, Fields A, Newby R, Weissgerber K, Epping A, Panepinto J, Scott P, Reesman J, Zabel A, Wodka E, Ferenc L, Comi A, Cohen N, Bigelow S, McCrea Jones L, Sandoval R, Vilar-Lopez R, Puente N, Hidalgo-Ruzante N, Bure A, Ojeda C, Puente A, Zolten A, Mallory L, Heyanka D, Golden C, McCue R, Heyanka D, Mackelprang J, Reuther B, Golden C, Odland A, Scarisbrick D, Heyanka D, Martin P, Golden C, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Holcomb M, Dean R, Schneider J, Morgan D, Scott J, Leber W, Adams R, Marceaux J, Triebel K, Griffith H, Gifford K, Potter E, Webbe F, Barker W, Loewenstein D, Duara R, Gifford K, Mahaney T, Srinivasan V, Cummings T, Frankl M, Bayan R, Webbe F, Mulligan K, Duncan N, Greenaway M, Sakamoto M, Spiers M, Libon D, Pimontel M, Gavett B, Jefferson A, Nair A, Green R, Stern R, Mahaney T, Frankl M, Cummings T, Mulligan K, Webbe F, Lou K, Gavett B, Jefferson A, Nair A, Green R, Morere D, Gifford K, Ferro J, Ezrine G, Kiefel J, Hinton V, Greco S, Corradino G, Pantone J, MacLeod R, Stern R, Hart J, Lavach J, Pick L, Szymanski C, Ilardi D, Marcus D, Burns T, Mahle W, Jenkins P, Davis A, McDermott A, Pierson E, Freeman Floyd E, McIntosh D, Dixon F, Davis A, Boseck J, Berry K, Whited A, Gelder B, Davis A, Dodd J, Berry K, Boseck J, Koehn E, Gelder B, Riccio C, Kahn D, Perez E, Reynolds C, Scott M, Nguyen-Driver M, Ruchinskas R, Lennen D, Steiner R, Sikora D, Freeman K, Carboni J, Fong G, Fong G, Carboni J, Whigham K, O'Toole K, Schneider B, Burns T, Olivier T, Nemeth D, Whittington L, Moreau A, Webb N, Weimer M, Gontier J, Labrana J, Rioseco F, Lichtenberg P, Puente A, Puente A, Bure A, Buddin H, Teichner G, Golden C, Pacheco E, Chong J, Gold S, Mittenberg W, Miller A, Bruce J, Hancock L, Peterson S, Jacobson J, Guse E, Tyrer J, Lasater J, Fritz J, Lynch S, Yarger L, Bryant K, 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Koushik N, Brooks B, Iverson G, Horton A, Odland A, Reynolds C, Horton A, Reynolds C, Davis A, Finch W, Skierkiewicz A, Rothlisberg B, McIntosh D, Davis A, Finch W, Golden C, Chang M, McIntosh D, Rothlisberg B, Paulson S, Davis A, Starling J, Whited A, Chang M, Roberds E, Dodd J, Martin P, Goldstein G, DeFilippis N, Carlozzi N, Tulsky D, Kurkowski R, Browne K, Wortman K, Gershon R, Heyanka D, Odland A, Golden C, Rodriguez M, Myers A, West S, Golden C, Holster J, Bolanos J, Corsun-Ascher C, Golden C, Robbins J, Restrepo L, Prinzi L, Garcia J, Golden C, Holster J, Bolanos J, Garcia J, Golden C, Osgood J, Trice A, Ernst W, Mahaney T, Gifford K, Oelschlager J, Gurrea J, Tourgeman I, Odland A, Golden C, Tourgeman I, Gurrea J, Stack M, Boddy R, Demsky Y, Golden C, Judd T, Jurecska D, Holmes J, Aguerrevere L, Greve K, Capps D, Izquierdo R, Feldman C, Boddy R, Scarisbrick D, Rice J, Tourgeman I, Golden C, Scarisbrick D, Boddy R, Corsun-Ascher C, Heyanka D, Golden C, Woon F, Hedges D, Odland A, 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Riber L, Dhami S, Citrome L, Tremeau F, Heyanka D, Corsun-Ascher C, Englebert N, Golden C, Block C, Sautter S, Stolberg P, Terranova J, Jones W, Allen D, Mayfield J, Ramanathan D, Medaglia J, Chiou K, Wardecker B, Slocomb J, Vesek J, Wang J, Hills E, Good D, Hillary F, Kimpton T, Kirshenbaum A, Madathil R, Trontel H, Hall S, Chiou K, Slocomb J, Ramanathan D, Medaglia J, Wardecker B, Vesek J, Wang J, Hills E, Good D, Hillary F, Salinas C, Tiedemann S, Webbe F, Williams C, Wood R, Ringdahl E, Thaler N, Hodges T, Mayfield J, Allen D, Kazakov D, Haderlie M, Terranova J, Martinez A, Allen D, Mayfield J, Medaglia J, Ramanathan D, Chiou K, Wardecker B, Franklin R, Genova H, Deluca J, Hillary F, Pastrana F, Wurst L, Zeiner H, Garcia A, Bender H, Rice J, West S, Dougherty M, Boddy R, Golden C, Tyrer J, Bruce J, Hancock L, Guse E, Jacobson J, Lynch S, Yung R, Sullivan W, Stringer K, Ferguson B, Drago V, Foster P, Scarisbrick D, Heyanka D, Frisch D, Golden C, Prinzi L, Morrow J, Robbins J, Golden C, Fallows R, Amin K, Virden T, Borgaro S, Hubel K, Miles G, Gomez R, Nazarian S, Mucci G, Moreno-Torres M, San Miguel-Montes L, Otero-Zeno T, Rios M, Douglas K, McGhee R, Sakamoto M, Spiers M, Vanderslice-Barr J, Elbin R, Covassin T, Kontos A, Larson E, Stiller-Ostrowski J, McLain M, Serina N, John S, Rautiola M, Waldstein S, Che A, Gomez R, Keller J, Tennakoon L, Marshall D, Rogers E, Misa J, Schatzberg A, Stiles M, Ericson R, Earleywine M, Ericson R, Earleywine M, Tourgeman I, Boddy R, Gurrea J, Buddin H, Golden C, Holcomb M, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Dean R, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Miele A, Vanderslice-Barr J, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Wershba R, Stevenson M, Thomas M, Sturgeon J, Youngjohn J, Morgan D, Bello D, Hollimon M, Schneider J, Edgington C, Scott J, Adams R, Morgan D, Bello D, Hollimon M, Schneider J, Edgington C, Scott J, Adams R, Heinrichs R, Baade L, Soetaert D, Barisa M, Noggle C, Thompson J, Barisa M, Noggle C, Thompson J, Barisa M, Noggle C, Thompson J, Pimental P, Riedl K, Kimsey M, Sartori A, Griffith H, Okonkwo O, Marson D, Bertisch H, Schaefer L, McKenzie S, Mittelman M, Hibbard M, Sherr R, Diller L, McTaggart A, Williams R, Troster A, Clark J, Owens T, O'Jile J, Schmitt A, Livingston R, Smernoff E, Galusha J, Piazza J, Gutierrez M, Yeager C, Hyer L, Vaughn E, LaPorte D, Schoenberg M, Werz M, Pedigo T, Lavach J, Hart J, Vyas S, Dorta N, Granader Y, Roberts E, Hill B, Musso M, Pella R, Barker A, Proto D, Gouvier W, Gibson K, Bowers T, Bowers T, Gibson K, Hinkle S, Barisa M, Noggle C, Thompson J, Thompson J, Noggle C, Barisa M, Maulucci A, Thompson J, Noggle C, Barisa M, Maulucci A, Thompson J, Noggle C, Barisa M, Maulucci A, Benitez A, Gunstad J, Spitznagel M, Szabo A, Rogers E, Gomez R, Keller J, Marshall D, Tennakoon L, Che A, Misa J, Schatzber A, Strauss G, Ringdahl E, Barney S, Jetha S, Duke L, Ross S, Watrous B, Allen D, Maucieri L, Noggle C, Barisa M, Thompson J, Maulucci A, Noggle C, Barisa M, Thompson J, Maulucci A, Noggle C, Barisa M, Thompson J, Maulucci A, Noggle C, Thompson J, Barisa M, Maulucci A, Noggle C, Thompson J, Barisa M, Maulucci A, Getz G, Dandridge A, Klein R, La Point S, Holcomb M, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Dean R, Bailey C, Samples H, Broshek D, Barth J, Freeman J, Schatz P, Neidzwski K, Moser R, Reesman J, Suli-Moci E, Wells C, Moneta L, Dean P, Gioia G, Belsher B, Hutson L, Greenberg L, Sullivan C, Hull A, Poole J, Schatz P, Pardini J, Lovell M, Strauser E, Parish R, Carr W, Paggi M, Anderson-Barnes V, Kelly M, Hutson L, Loughlin J, Sullivan C, Kelley E, Poole J, Hutson L, Loughlin J, Sullivan C, Belsher B, Hull A, Greenberg L, Poole J, Carr W, Parish R, Paggi M, Anderson-Barnes V, Ahlers S, Roebuck Spencer T, O'Neill D, Carter J, Bleiberg J, Lange R, Brubacher J, Iverson G, Madler B, Heran M, MacKay A, Andolfatto G, Krol A, Mrazik M, Lebby P, Johnson W, Sweatt J, Turitz M, Greenawald K, Lesser S, Ormonde A, Lavach J, Hart J, Demakis G, Rimland C, Lengenfelder J, Sumowski J, Smith A, Chiaravalloti N, DeLuca J, Pierson E, Koehn E, Lajiness-O'Neill R, Hyer L, Yeager C, Manatan K, Sherman S, Atkinson M, Massey-Connolly S, Gugnani M, Stack R, Carson A, Mirza N, Johnson E, Lovell M, Perna R, Jackson A, Roy S, Zebeigly A, Larochette A, Bowie C, Harrison A, Nippoldt-Baca L, Bleil J, Arffa S, Thompson J, Noggle C, Mark B, Maulucci A, Umaki T, Denney R, Greenberg L, Hull A, Belsher B, Lee H, Sullivan C, Poole J, Abrigo E, Hurewitz F, Kounios J, Noggle C, Barisa M, Thompson J, Maulucci A, Greve K, Aguerrevere L, Bianchini K, Etherton J, Heinly M, Kontos A, Covassin T, Elbin R, Larson E, Stearne D, Johnson D, Gilliland K, Vincent A, Chafetz M, Herkov M, Morais H, Schwait A, Mangiameli L, Greenhill T. Grand Rounds. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acp045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hlubocky FJ, Larson E, Ratain MJ, Sachs G, Daugherty CK. Cognitive function (CF) and prognostic information understanding in advanced cancer patients (ACP). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.9516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
9516 Background: The role of advanced cancer patients' (ACP) cognitive function (CF) and its relationship to understanding of a terminal prognosis has never been formally evaluated. Methods: ACP CF was evaluated among a population of terminally-ill patients enrolling in phase I trials at our institution using a neuropsychological battery designed to assess several domains of decisional capacity: Memory (Hopkins Verbal Learning HVLT); Executive Functioning (Verbal Fluency and Trail-making A/B); Language (Boston Naming-short); Attention (Digit Span); Comprehension (Auditory Comprehension & WAIS comprehension). Semi-structured interviews of ACPs also evaluated md-pt communication regarding prognosis, and included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), BDI-II, and the FACT-COG. Results: To date, 110 ACP enrolling in phase I trials have been interviewed: median age 60 (23–83); 66% male; 88% Ca; 62% married; 71% >high school education; 52% GI dx. 59% of ACPs reported having a discussion regarding life expectancy, and 55% stated that the physician gave them a prognostic timeframe regarding the amount of time left to live. ACP who stated the physician did not provide them a timeframe had measurable deficits in CF as indicated by Z scores for HVLT immediate recall (-1.3 ± .84 v -.74 ± 1.1, p=.03); total recall (-1.9 ± 1.2 v -1.2 ±1.5, p=.02); delayed recall (-1.7 ± 1.6 v -1.1 ±1.6, p=.04); language (.26 ± 1.3 v .78 ± .68, p=.03); Trails B (-1.6 ± 2.5 v -.61 ± 2.2, p=.04) and WAIS comprehension ss scores (14 ± 2.9 v 16 ± 3.0, p=.06). These ACP tended to exhibit more depressive symptoms (12 ± 10 v 6 ± 3, p=.04) and had lower scores for perceived cognitive impairment (96 ± 25 v 105 ±16, p=.04); impact on quality of life (26 ± 7 v 28 ± 5, p=.03); and FACT-COG total (152 ± 31 v 164 ± 22, p=.05). Conclusions: ACP enrolling in phase I trials who could not recall specific prognostic information had measurable cognitive impairment as compared to those ACP who could recall such information. Our data indicate that CF may play a role in ACP communication and/or understanding of prognostic information. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- F. J. Hlubocky
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Indiana University, Indianapolis, IL
| | - E. Larson
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Indiana University, Indianapolis, IL
| | - M. J. Ratain
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Indiana University, Indianapolis, IL
| | - G. Sachs
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Indiana University, Indianapolis, IL
| | - C. K. Daugherty
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Indiana University, Indianapolis, IL
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Haneuse S, Schildcrout J, Crane P, Sonnen J, Breitner J, Larson E. Adjustment for selection bias in observational studies with application to the analysis of autopsy data. Neuroepidemiology 2009; 32:229-39. [PMID: 19176974 DOI: 10.1159/000197389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interpretation of neuropathological studies of dementia and Alzheimer's disease is complicated by potential selection mechanisms that can drive whether or not a study participant is observed to undergo autopsy. Notwithstanding this, there appears to have been little emphasis placed on potential selection bias in published reports from population-based neuropathological studies of dementia. METHODS We provide an overview of methodological issues relating to the identification of and adjustment for selection bias. When information is available on factors that govern selection, inverse-probability weighting provides an analytic approach to adjust for selection bias. The weights help alleviate bias by serving to bridge differences between the population from which the observed data may be viewed as a representative sample and the target population, identified as being of scientific interest. RESULTS We illustrate the methods with data obtained from the Adult Changes in Thought study. Adjustment for potential selection bias yields substantially strengthened association between neuropathological measurements and risk of dementia. CONCLUSIONS Armed with analytic techniques to adjust for selection bias and to ensure generalizability of results from population-based neuropathological studies, researchers should consider incorporating information related to selection into their data collection schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Haneuse
- Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
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Hlubocky F, Larson E, Sachs G, Ratain M, Lesniak M, Daugherty C. Cognitive performance (cp), informed consent (ic), and age among advanced cancer patients (acp). EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Hlubocky FJ, Larson E, Sachs G, Lesniak MS, Ratain MJ, Daugherty CK. A study of informed consent (IC), age, and cognitive performance (CP) among advanced cancer patients (acp) in phase I trials. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.9523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Sax H, Allegranzi B, Uçkay I, Larson E, Boyce J, Pittet D. ‘My five moments for hand hygiene’: a user-centred design approach to understand, train, monitor and report hand hygiene. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67:9-21. [PMID: 17719685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hand hygiene is a core element of patient safety for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Its promotion represents a challenge that requires a multi-modal strategy using a clear, robust and simple conceptual framework. The World Health Organization First Global Patient Safety Challenge 'Clean Care is Safer Care' has expanded educational and promotional tools developed initially for the Swiss national hand hygiene campaign for worldwide use. Development methodology involved a user-centred design approach incorporating strategies of human factors engineering, cognitive behaviour science and elements of social marketing, followed by an iterative prototype test phase within the target population. This research resulted in a concept called 'My five moments for hand hygiene'. It describes the fundamental reference points for healthcare workers (HCWs) in a time-space framework and designates the moments when hand hygiene is required to effectively interrupt microbial transmission during the care sequence. The concept applies to a wide range of patient care activities and healthcare settings. It proposes a unified vision for trainers, observers and HCWs that should facilitate education, minimize inter-individual variation and resource use, and increase adherence. 'My five moments for hand hygiene' bridges the gap between scientific evidence and daily health practice and provides a solid basis to understand, teach, monitor and report hand hygiene practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sax
- Infection Control Programme, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Global Patient Safety Challenge, World Alliance for Patient Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Hlubocky FJ, Larson E, Sachs G, Daugherty CK. A study of informed consent (IC), age, and cognitive function (CF) among advanced cancer patients (acp) in phase I trials. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.6548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
6548 Background: Ethical concerns exist about acps’ ability to provide adequate informed consent (IC) for phase I trials. While cognitive impairment (CI) among acp is well-recognized due to multiple factors, e.g., previous effects of chemotherapy, age, psychological status, the prevalence of CI among acp in phase I trials has never been described. Methods: Acp CF was assessed using a neuropsychological battery of instruments: Hopkins Verbal Learning (HVLT); Verbal Fluency; Mini-Cognitive Assessment; Trail-making (Parts A& B); Boston Naming (short); WAIS subtests (Comprehension and Digit Span). Acp underwent semi-structured interviews to evaluate elements of IC, and completed the FACT-COG and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: To date, a total of 34 acp enrolling in Phase I trials have been studied. Median age: 63y (range: 38–81y); 77% male; 77% Caucasian; 67% > HS education. Regarding IC understanding: Only 20% of responding acp correctly identified the purpose of Phase I trials; all subjects could recall risks of side effects, correctly stated they could refuse trial participation, and stated they could withdraw at anytime; 53% believed the trial was their only option. Older acp (>age 55y) were less likely to correctly describe the research purpose of the trial (29% v. 71% p=0.02). Older acp had measurable deficits in CF: Boston Naming (14±0.9 v.15±0.3, p=0.09); HVLT Total Recall (14±2 v.26±6, p<0.00) and Discrimination Index (7.5±3 v.11±1, p=0.03); Digit Span-Backwards (4±2 v.7±2, p<0.00); Trail-making B (244±64 v.188±51, p=0.04). While there were no differences in perceived CI (95±18 v.101±19, p=0.5) or impact on quality of life (25±7 v. 27±5, p=0.5), both groups had scores well below prior reported means. Older acp tended to report depressive symptoms more than younger acp (8±2 v.6±1, p=0.07). Conclusions: Our data suggest that CF may play a role in acp understanding of IC for clinical trials, especially among the elderly. Further research is needed, given ethical concerns regarding elderly acp in clinical trials of experimental agents who may have CI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Larson
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - G. Sachs
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Cook HA, Furuya EY, Larson E, Vasquez G, Lowy FD. Reply to Handsfield. Clin Infect Dis 2007. [DOI: 10.1086/518384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Furukawa M, Kumagai K, Ogino N, Uemura A, Larson E. Long-term visual outcomes of vitrectomy for cystoid macular edema due to nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion. Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 16:841-6. [PMID: 17191190 DOI: 10.1177/112067210601600609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the long-term surgical outcome of vitrectomy for cystoid macular edema due to nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). METHODS A retrospective chart review of 25 consecutive eyes (25 patients) with cystoid macular edema due to nonischemic CRVO treated with vitrectomy was performed. All patients underwent a pars plana vitrectomy with the creation of a posterior vitreous detachment if still attached. Simultaneous phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was also performed in phakic eyes. The main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and changes in macular edema shown by contact-lens biomicroscopy. The mean follow-up time was 49 months (range, 16-108). RESULTS The median BCVA before surgery was 0.31 and the median BCVA at last follow-up was 0.67. The BCVA at the last follow-up improved at least two Snellen lines in 17 (68%), remained unchanged in 4 (16%), and worsened in 4 (16%). The BCVA was 20/40 or better in 3 eyes (12%) preoperatively and in 18 eyes (72%) at the last follow-up. During the follow-up, four patients progressed to ischemic CRVO; one of them had neovascular glaucoma requiring surgical intervention. CONCLUSION The data indicate that vitrectomy appears to be a possibly effective treatment in some eyes with cystoid macular edema associated with nonischemic CRVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Furukawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kami-iida First General Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Whitby M, Pessoa-Silva CL, McLaws ML, Allegranzi B, Sax H, Larson E, Seto WH, Donaldson L, Pittet D. Behavioural considerations for hand hygiene practices: the basic building blocks. J Hosp Infect 2006; 65:1-8. [PMID: 17145101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2006.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2006] [Accepted: 09/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hand hygiene is considered to be the most effective measure to prevent microbial pathogen cross-transmission and healthcare-associated infections. In October 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) World Alliance for Patient Safety launched the first Global Patient Safety Challenge 2005-2006, 'Clean Care is Safer Care', to tackle healthcare-associated infection on a large scale. Within the Challenge framework, international infection control experts and consultative taskforces met to develop new WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Healthcare. The taskforce was asked to explore aspects underlying hand hygiene behaviour that may influence its promotion among healthcare workers. The dynamics of behavioural change are complex and multi-faceted, but are of vital importance when designing a strategy to improve hand hygiene compliance. A reflection on challenges to be met and areas for future research are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Whitby
- Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Stone P, Mooney-Kane C, Larson E, Horan T, Pastor D. Perceptions of organizational climate by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses: Preliminary results from the ICU Working Conditions Study. Am J Infect Control 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.04.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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de Melo NR, Aldrighi JM, Faggion D, Reyes VROY, Souza JB, Fernandes CE, Larson E. A prospective open-label study to evaluate the effects of the oral contraceptive Harmonet® (gestodene75/EE20) on body fat. Contraception 2004; 70:65-71. [PMID: 15208055 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2003.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2003] [Revised: 09/22/2003] [Accepted: 10/06/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This open-label study evaluated the effects on body fat of the use of a low-dose oral contraceptive (gestodene75/EE20) in a group of 61 women (OC-U group) as compared to a nonuser group (OC-N group) of 51 women who did not receive an oral contraceptive. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-over-hip ratio and body composition data, obtained by bioelectrical impedance [percentages of body fat (%FAT), water (%TBW) and lean mass (%FFM)], were assessed before and after six treatment cycles. Baseline OC-U group weight, BMI, %FAT, %TBW and %FFM did not differ from the OC-N group, either at baseline or at the end of the study, and did not significantly change within each group during the study. Also, there was no modification of fat distribution in either group. Among women in the OC-U group, there was a slight increase in total cholesterol levels and a trend towards higher triglycerides levels. No changes were detected in blood pressure. In conclusion, this low-dose oral contraceptive did not affect weight or body composition. Thus, our data suggest that gestodene75/EE20 represents an appropriate OC choice and may enhance compliance of women who mistakenly believe that the use of oral contraceptives always leads to weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R de Melo
- Institute of Health and Well Being of Women, Av. Indianópolis, 2700, São Paulo, SP CEP 04062-003, Brazil.
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Cimiotti∗ J, Wu F, Della-Latta P, Nesin M, Larson E. Emergence of Resistant Staphylococci on the Hands of New Graduate Nurses. Am J Infect Control 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Haas∗ J, Mendonca E, Friedman C, Larson E. Use of Computerized Surveillance to Detect Nosocomial Pneumonia in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Patients. Am J Infect Control 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Copenheaver CA, Benoit LK, Edmunds L, Grant D, Hatfield N, Hegemann I, Hilaire LS, Hubbard T, Larson E, Wettach RH, Ray M, Miller J, Moskowitz D, Rogers L, Pierce M, Adams MS. Book Reviews of the "Northeastern Naturalist," Issue 9/2, 2002. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2002. [DOI: 10.2307/3858402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Most health care workers (HCWs) are aware of the rationale for hand hygiene procedures, yet failure to adhere to guidelines is common. Little is known about factors that motivate HCWs to practice hand hygiene. PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to (1) estimate adherence to hand hygiene recommendations; (2) describe relationships among motivational factors, adherence, and intensity of nursing unit activity; and (3) test an explanatory model for adherence to hand hygiene guidelines based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). METHOD A longitudinal, observational design was used to collect data from 120 registered nurses employed in critical care and postcritical care units. Nurses provided information about motivational factors and intentions and a self-report of the proportion of time they followed guidelines. At least 2 weeks later, the nurses' hand hygiene performance was observed while they provided patient care. Structural equation modeling was used to test the TPB-based model. RESULTS Rate of adherence to recommendations for 1248 hand hygiene indications was 70%. The correlation between self-reported and observed adherence to handwashing recommendations was low (r = 0.21). TPB variables predicted intention to handwash, and intention was related to self-reported hand hygiene. Intensity of activity in the nursing unit, rather than TPB variables, predicted observed adherence to hand hygiene recommendations. CONCLUSIONS The limited association between self-reported and observed hand hygiene scores remains an enigma to be explained. Actual hand hygiene behavior may be more sensitive to the intensity of work activity in the clinical setting than to internal motivational factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A O'Boyle
- Division of Disease Prevention and Control, Minnesota Department of Health, USA
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Wang C, Hawken RJ, Larson E, Zhang X, Alexander L, Rutherford MS. Generation and mapping of expressed sequence tags from virus-infected swine macrophages. Anim Biotechnol 2001; 12:51-67. [PMID: 11370681 DOI: 10.1081/abio-100102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to identify genes that have a major effect on macrophage function during viral infection, we employed differential display reverse transcription (DDRT)-PCR to capture expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of swine alveolar macrophages infected by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Sequence analyses showed that approximately 60% of these ESTs had significant similarity (> or =93%) to known pig ESTs or genes or matched sequences from other species with homology > or =80%. To determine chromosomal localization, PCR-based mapping was performed across either swine somatic cell hybrid or radiation hybrid panels. A total of 48 porcine viral response ESTs were mapped via the swine somatic cell panel or the INRA-Minnesota porcine Radiation Hybrid (IMpRH) panel (LOD > 6.0). Northern blot analyses confirmed PRRSV-induced altered transcript expression for several ESTs, including a 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase and a putative dual-specificity phosphatase. These virus-response ESTs represent good candidate genes for understanding PRRSV pathogenesis and for dissecting host genes which may have major effect on disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wang
- Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA
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Abstract
Public health programs are generally targeted to communitywide, population-based prevention strategies, with little attention focused on the home environment as one potential source of transmission of infectious diseases. The purpose of this correlational prevalence survey was to describe the relationship between home hygiene practices and prevalence of infectious disease symptoms among household members. Three hundred and ninety-eight households with 1,662 members in an inner-city population (96.4% Hispanic) were surveyed to examine hygiene practices and determine the presence of transmission of infection, defined as the presence of the same symptom(s) in two or more household members for which at least one individual sought medical attention and received treatment. At least one individual in 78.6% of households reported symptoms of infection in the previous 30 days, and 37.9% of households met the definition of disease transmission. In univariate analyses, five factors were significantly associated with risk of household transmission, but in the logistic regression model, only use of communal laundry (p = 0.009) and lack of bleach use (p = 0.04) were significantly predictive of increased risk of transmission. This is the first comprehensive survey of home hygiene practices and the first study to identify a potential link between laundry and risk of disease transmission in homes. This potential link warrants further study in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Larson
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York 10032, USA.
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49
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Abstract
Skin hygiene, particularly of the hands, is a primary mechanism for reducing contact and fecal-oral transmission of infectious agents. Widespread use of antimicrobial products has prompted concern about emergence of resistance to antiseptics and damage to the skin barrier associated with frequent washing. This article reviews evidence for the relationship between skin hygiene and infection, the effects of washing on skin integrity, and recommendations for skin care practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Larson
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York, USA.
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50
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