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Araujo PDR, Macedo R, Paz E, Cardoso S, Leitao DC, Freitas PP. Engineering buffer layers to improve temperature resilience of magnetic tunnel junction sensors. Nanotechnology 2023; 34. [PMID: 37473751 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ace915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Improving the thermal resilience of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) broadens their applicability as sensing devices and is necessary to ensure their operation under harsh environments. In this work, we are address the impact of temperature on the degradation of the magnetic reference in field sensor stacks based on MgO-MTJs. Our study starts by simple MnIr/CoFe bilayers to gather enough insights into the role of critical morphological and magnetic parameters and their impact in the temperature dependent behavior. The exchange bias coupling field (Hex), coercive field (Hc), and blocking temperature (Tb) distribution are tuned, combining tailored growth conditions of the antiferromagnet and different buffer layer materials and stackings. This is achieved by a unique combination of ion beam deposition and magnetron sputtering, without vaccum break. Then, the work then extends beyond bilayers into more complex state-of-the-art MgO MTJ stacks as those employed in commercial sensing applications. We systematically address their characteristic fields, such as the width of the antiferromagnetic coupling plateau ΔH, and study their dependence on temperature. Although, [Ta/CuN] buffers showed higher key performance indications (e.g.Hex) at room temperature in both bilayers and MTJs, [Ta/Ru] buffers showed an overall wider ΔHup to 200 °C, more suitable to push high temperature operations. This result highlights the importance of properly design a suitable buffer layer system and addressing the complete MTJ behavior as function of temperature, to deliver the best stacking design with highest resilience to high temperature environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D R Araujo
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas E Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Macedo
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas E Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E Paz
- INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - S Cardoso
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas E Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - D C Leitao
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - P P Freitas
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas E Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), Lisbon, Portugal
- INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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2
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de Armentia SL, Fernández-Villamarín S, Ballesteros Y, Del Real JC, Dunne N, Paz E. 3D Printing of a Graphene-Modified Photopolymer Using Stereolithography for Biomedical Applications: A Study of the Polymerization Reaction. Int J Bioprint 2022; 8:503. [PMID: 35187285 PMCID: PMC8852266 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v8i1.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing is gaining importance thanks to its multiple advantages. Stereolithography (SLA) shows the highest accuracy and the lowest anisotropy, which has facilitated the emergence of new applications as dentistry or tissue engineering. However, the availability of commercial photopolymers is still limited, and there is an increasing interest in developing resins with properties adapted for these new applications. The addition of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBN) may provide interesting advantages, such as improved mechanical properties and bioactivity. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the effect of GBNs on the polymerization reaction. A photopolymerizable acrylic resin has been used, and the effect of the addition of 0.1wt% of graphene (G); graphene oxide (GO) and graphite nanoplatelets (GoxNP) on printability and polymerization have been investigated. It was observed that the effect depended on GBN type, functionalization and structure (e.g., number of layers, size, and morphology) due to differences in the extent of dispersion and light absorbance. The obtained results showed that GO and GoxNP did not significantly affect the printability and quality of the final structure, whilst the application of G exhibited a negative effect in terms of printability due to a reduction in the polymerization degree. GO and GoxNP-loaded resins showed a great potential to be used for manufacturing structures by SLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lopez de Armentia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Research in Technology, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fernández-Villamarín
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Research in Technology, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Ballesteros
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Research in Technology, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Del Real
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Research in Technology, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - E Paz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Research in Technology, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Rauti R, Shahoha M, Leichtmann-Bardoogo Y, Nasser R, Paz E, Tamir R, Miller V, Babich T, Shaked K, Ehrlich A, Ioannidis K, Nahmias Y, Sharan R, Ashery U, Maoz BM. Effect of SARS-CoV-2 proteins on vascular permeability. eLife 2021; 10:69314. [PMID: 34694226 PMCID: PMC8545399 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 infection leads to severe disease associated with cytokine storm, vascular dysfunction, coagulation, and progressive lung damage. It affects several vital organs, seemingly through a pathological effect on endothelial cells. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes 29 proteins, whose contribution to the disease manifestations, and especially endothelial complications, is unknown. We cloned and expressed 26 of these proteins in human cells and characterized the endothelial response to overexpression of each, individually. Whereas most proteins induced significant changes in endothelial permeability, nsp2, nsp5_c145a (catalytic dead mutant of nsp5), and nsp7 also reduced CD31, and increased von Willebrand factor expression and IL-6, suggesting endothelial dysfunction. Using propagation-based analysis of a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, we predicted the endothelial proteins affected by the viral proteins that potentially mediate these effects. We further applied our PPI model to identify the role of each SARS-CoV-2 protein in other tissues affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19). While validating the PPI network model, we found that the tight junction (TJ) proteins cadherin-5, ZO-1, and β-catenin are affected by nsp2, nsp5_c145a, and nsp7 consistent with the model prediction. Overall, this work identifies the SARS-CoV-2 proteins that might be most detrimental in terms of endothelial dysfunction, thereby shedding light on vascular aspects of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Rauti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Meishar Shahoha
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Rami Nasser
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Paz
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rina Tamir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Babich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kfir Shaked
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avner Ehrlich
- Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Yaakov Nahmias
- Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roded Sharan
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uri Ashery
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ben Meir Maoz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Friedl J, Knopp MR, Groh C, Paz E, Gould SB, Herrmann JM, Boos F. More than just a ticket canceller: the mitochondrial processing peptidase tailors complex precursor proteins at internal cleavage sites. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:2657-2668. [PMID: 32997570 PMCID: PMC8734313 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-08-0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized as precursors that carry N-terminal presequences. After they are imported into mitochondria, these targeting signals are cleaved off by the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP). Using the mitochondrial tandem protein Arg5,6 as a model substrate, we demonstrate that MPP has an additional role in preprotein maturation, beyond the removal of presequences. Arg5,6 is synthesized as a polyprotein precursor that is imported into mitochondria and subsequently separated into two distinct enzymes. This internal processing is performed by MPP, which cleaves the Arg5,6 precursor at its N-terminus and at an internal site. The peculiar organization of Arg5,6 is conserved across fungi and reflects the polycistronic arginine operon in prokaryotes. MPP cleavage sites are also present in other mitochondrial fusion proteins from fungi, plants, and animals. Hence, besides its role as a "ticket canceller" for removal of presequences, MPP exhibits a second conserved activity as an internal processing peptidase for complex mitochondrial precursor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Friedl
- Cell Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael R. Knopp
- Molecular Evolution, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carina Groh
- Cell Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Eyal Paz
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sven B. Gould
- Molecular Evolution, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes M. Herrmann
- Cell Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Felix Boos
- Cell Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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5
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Günsel U, Paz E, Gupta R, Mathes I, Azem A, Mokranjac D. InVivo Dissection of the Intrinsically Disordered Receptor Domain of Tim23. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:3326-3337. [PMID: 32277989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the intermembrane space (IMS) of mitochondria, the receptor domain of Tim23 has an essential role during translocation of hundreds of different proteins from the cytosol via the TOM and TIM23 complexes in the outer and inner membranes, respectively. This intrinsically disordered domain, which can even extend into the cytosol, was shown, mostly in vitro, to interact with several subunits of the TOM and TIM23 complexes. To obtain molecular understanding of this organizational hub in the IMS, we dissected the IMS domain of Tim23 in vivo. We show that the interaction surface of Tim23 with Tim50 is larger than previously thought and reveal an unexpected interaction of Tim23 with Pam17 in the IMS, impairment of which influences their interaction in the matrix. Furthermore, mutations of two conserved negatively charged residues of Tim23, close to the inner membrane, prevented dimerization of Tim23. The same mutations increased exposure of Tim23 on the mitochondrial surface, whereas dissipation of membrane potential decreased it. Our results reveal an intricate network of Tim23 interactions in the IMS, whose influence is transduced across two mitochondrial membranes, ensuring efficient translocation of proteins into mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Günsel
- BMC-Physiological Chemistry, LMU Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Eyal Paz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ruhita Gupta
- BMC-Physiological Chemistry, LMU Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Abdussalam Azem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dejana Mokranjac
- BMC-Physiological Chemistry, LMU Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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6
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Paz E, Ballesteros Y, Forriol F, Dunne N, del Real J. Graphene and graphene oxide functionalisation with silanes for advanced dispersion and reinforcement of PMMA-based bone cements. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2019; 104:109946. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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7
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Paz E, Ballesteros Y, Abenojar J, del Real J, Dunne N. Graphene Oxide and Graphene Reinforced PMMA Bone Cements: Evaluation of Thermal Properties and Biocompatibility. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12193146. [PMID: 31561521 PMCID: PMC6803896 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of well-dispersed graphene oxide (GO) and graphene (G) has been demonstrated as a promising solution to improve the mechanical performance of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cements in an attempt to enhance the long-term survival of the cemented orthopaedic implants. However, to move forward with the clinical application of graphene-based PMMA bone cements, it is necessary to ensure the incorporation of graphene-based powders do not negatively affect other fundamental properties (e.g., thermal properties and biocompatibility), which may compromise the clinical success of the implant. In this study, the effect of incorporating GO and G on thermal properties, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity of PMMA bone cement was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry studies demonstrated that the extent of the polymerisation reaction, heat generation, thermal conductivity, or glass transition temperature were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the addition of the GO or G powders. The cell viability showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in viability when MC3-T3 cells were exposed to the surface of G- or GO-PMMA bone cements in comparison to the control. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the incorporation of GO or G powder did not significantly influence the thermal properties or biocompatibility of PMMA bone cements, potentially allowing its clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Paz
- Institute for Research in Technology /Mechanical Engineering Dept., Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain; (Y.B.)
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (N.J.D.)
| | - Y. Ballesteros
- Institute for Research in Technology /Mechanical Engineering Dept., Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain; (Y.B.)
| | - J. Abenojar
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, IAAB, Materials Performance Group, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Av. Universidad 30, 28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain;
| | - J.C. del Real
- Institute for Research in Technology /Mechanical Engineering Dept., Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain; (Y.B.)
| | - N.J. Dunne
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Stokes Building, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Stokes Building, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (N.J.D.)
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8
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Paz E, Forriol F, del Real J, Dunne N. Graphene oxide versus graphene for optimisation of PMMA bone cement for orthopaedic applications. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2017; 77:1003-1011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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9
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Böhnert T, Serrano-Guisan S, Paz E, Lacoste B, Ferreira R, Freitas PP. Magnetic tunnel junctions with integrated thermometers for magnetothermopower measurements. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:185303. [PMID: 28247852 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa63ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) micropillars were fabricated with integrated thermometers and a heater line (HL) for thermovoltage measurements. This novel thermometer configuration enabled a direct measurement of ΔT across the MTJ micropillar. The MTJ devices were patterned from a CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB stack, with a 1.2 nm to 1.6 nm MgO wedge across the wafer, resulting in resistance area products in the range of 0.7 kΩ · µm2 < R × A < 55 kΩ · µm2. This allowed the measurement of thermoelectric properties as a function of the tunnel barrier thickness. The thermometers showed a homogeneous heating behavior for all devices across the wafer. Combining the in-stack temperature measurements and finite element simulations the thermal profile across the MTJ structure and the thermopower were estimated with a noticeable improvement of the measurement accuracy. The studied MTJ structures showed tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratios up to 125%, and tunneling magnetothermopower (TMTP) up to 35%.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Böhnert
- INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
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10
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Huisman TJ, Mikhaylovskiy RV, Costa JD, Freimuth F, Paz E, Ventura J, Freitas PP, Blügel S, Mokrousov Y, Rasing T, Kimel AV. Femtosecond control of electric currents in metallic ferromagnetic heterostructures. Nat Nanotechnol 2016; 11:455-8. [PMID: 26854566 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The idea to use not only the charge but also the spin of electrons in the operation of electronic devices has led to the development of spintronics, causing a revolution in how information is stored and processed. A novel advancement would be to develop ultrafast spintronics using femtosecond laser pulses. Employing terahertz (10(12) Hz) emission spectroscopy and exploiting the spin-orbit interaction, we demonstrate the optical generation of electric photocurrents in metallic ferromagnetic heterostructures at the femtosecond timescale. The direction of the photocurrent is controlled by the helicity of the circularly polarized light. These results open up new opportunities for realizing spintronics in the unprecedented terahertz regime and provide new insights in all-optical control of magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Huisman
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R V Mikhaylovskiy
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J D Costa
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- IN-IFIMUP, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - F Freimuth
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - E Paz
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - J Ventura
- IN-IFIMUP, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - P P Freitas
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - S Blügel
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Y Mokrousov
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Th Rasing
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A V Kimel
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Paz E, Abenojar J, Ballesteros Y, Forriol F, Dunne N, Del Real JC. Mechanical and thermal behaviour of an acrylic bone cement modified with a triblock copolymer. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2016; 27:72. [PMID: 26886820 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The basic formulation of an acrylic bone cement has been modified by the addition of a block copolymer, Nanostrength(®) (NS), in order to augment the mechanical properties and particularly the fracture toughness of the bone cement. Two grades of NS at different levels of loading, between 1 and 10 wt.%, have been used. Mechanical tests were conducted to study the behaviour of the modified cements; specific tests measured the bend, compression and fracture toughness properties. The failure mode of the fracture test specimens was analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of NS addition on the thermal properties was also determined, and the polymerisation reaction using differential scanning calorimetry. It was observed that the addition of NS produced an improvement in the fracture toughness and ductility of the cement, which could have a positive contribution by reducing the premature fracture of the cement mantle. The residual monomer content was reduced when the NS was added. However this also produced an increase in the maximum temperature and the heat delivered during the polymerisation of the cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paz
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Institute for Research in Technology (IIT), Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Abenojar
- Materials Performance Group, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Ballesteros
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Institute for Research in Technology (IIT), Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Forriol
- School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Queen´s University of Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AH, UK
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Republic of Ireland
| | - J C Del Real
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Institute for Research in Technology (IIT), Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
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Bravo S, Larama G, Paz E, Inostroza K, Montaldo HH, Sepúlveda N. Polymorphism of theGDF9gene associated with litter size in Araucana creole sheep. Anim Genet 2016; 47:390-1. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bravo
- Laboratory of Animal Production; Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry; Universidad de La Frontera; Av. Francisco Salazar 01145 Temuco Chile
| | - G. Larama
- Department of Mathematical Engineering; Universidad de La Frontera; Av. Francisco Salazar 01145 Temuco Chile
| | - E. Paz
- Laboratory of Animal Production; Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry; Universidad de La Frontera; Av. Francisco Salazar 01145 Temuco Chile
| | - K. Inostroza
- Laboratory of Animal Production; Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry; Universidad de La Frontera; Av. Francisco Salazar 01145 Temuco Chile
| | - H. H. Montaldo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Distrito Federal 04510 México
| | - N. Sepúlveda
- Laboratory of Animal Production; Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry; Universidad de La Frontera; Av. Francisco Salazar 01145 Temuco Chile
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13
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Paz E, Quiñones J, Bravo S, Montaldo HH, Sepúlveda N. Genotyping of BMPR1B, BMP15 and GDF9 genes in Chilean sheep breeds and association with prolificacy. Anim Genet 2014; 46:98-9. [PMID: 25530177 DOI: 10.1111/age.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Paz
- Laboratory of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
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Sanz-Ruiz P, Paz E, Abenojar J, del Real J, Forriol F, Vaquero J. Influence of the physiological medium on the mechanical properties of bone cement: Can current studies be extrapolated? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recote.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sanz-Ruiz P, Paz E, Abenojar J, Del Real JC, Forriol F, Vaquero J. [Influence of the physiological medium on the mechanical properties of bone cement: can current studies be extrapolated?]. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2013; 58:3-10. [PMID: 24295826 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of bone cement is widespread in orthopaedic surgery. Most of the mechanical tests are performed in dry medium, making it difficult to extrapolate the results. The objective of this study is to assess if the mechanical properties of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), obtained in previous reports, are still present in a liquid medium. MATERIAL AND METHOD An experimental study was designed with antibiotic (vancomycin) loaded PMMA. Four groups were defined according to the medium (dry or liquid) and the pre-conditioning in liquid medium (one week or one month). Wear and flexural strength tests were performed according to ASTM and ISO standards. Volumetric wear, friction coefficient, tensile strength, and Young's modulus were analyzed. All samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The samples tested in liquid medium showed lower wear and flexural strength values (P<.05). The kind of wear was modified from abrasive to adhesive in those samples studied in liquid medium. The samples with a pre-conditioning time showed lower values of wear (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Caution is recommended when extrapolating the results of previous PMMA results. The different mechanical strength of the cement in a liquid medium, observed in saline medium, is much closer to the clinical situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sanz-Ruiz
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
| | - E Paz
- Instituto para la investigación tecnológica, Departamento de ingeniería mecánica, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, España
| | - J Abenojar
- Grupo desarrollo materiales, Departamento de ingeniería y ciencia de materiales, Universidad Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - J C Del Real
- Instituto para la investigación tecnológica, Departamento de ingeniería mecánica, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, España
| | - F Forriol
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, España
| | - J Vaquero
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
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Quiñones J, Bravo S, Paz E, Sepúlveda N. Detección del Polimorfismo en el Gen del Receptor de Melatonina (MT1) en la Oveja Criolla Araucana. INT J MORPHOL 2012. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022012000200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Víctor D, Burek C, Corbetta JP, Sentagne A, Sager C, Weller S, Paz E, Bortagaray JI, Lopez JC. Augmentation cystoplasty in children without preoperative mechanical bowel preparation. J Pediatr Urol 2012; 8:201-4. [PMID: 21831716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2011.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To retrospectively assess early postoperative complications in augmentation cystoplasty without preoperative mechanical bowel preparation (MBP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Between May 1987 and May 2006, 162 cystoplasties were performed in 158 children. The segments used were: sigmoid colon (81.5%), ileum (13%), and ileocecum (5.5%). The mean age was 8.65 years (range 2.1-22.7 years). No preoperative MBP of any kind was used in any of the patients and all of them received antibiotics preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS No intraoperative complications related to the procedure were reported. The mean hospital stay was 9.48 days (range 4-30 days). The mean time to intake of oral fluids was 94.77 h (range 48-288 h). Postoperative complications occurred in 9.87%: urinary fistula was the most common (2.4%); only 3 patients presented wound infection (1.85%); 5 patients required reoperative surgery (hemoperitoneum, patch necrosis and 3 cases of urinary peritonitis); 1 patient presented an intra-abdominal abscess that resolved with antibiotic treatment. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative MBP can be omitted in children that require augmentation cystoplasty without an increased risk of infectious or anastomotic complications. Further prospective, randomized clinical trials should be carried out in order to validate our findings in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durán Víctor
- Urology Department, Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Combate de los Pozos 1881, 1245 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Sager C, Burek C, Durán V, Corbetta JP, Weller S, Paz E, Bortagaray J, López JC. [Botulinic toxin type A in the treatment of children with neurogenic bladder]. Cir Pediatr 2011; 24:38-43. [PMID: 23155649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED INTRODUCTION. Botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) is an alternative in children with neurogenic bladder refractory to anticholinergics. OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the initial effects of BoNTA in neurogenic bladders. PATIENTS AND METHODS 12 patients (9 myelomeningoceles, 1 tethered cord, 1 medullary astrocytoma, 1 Ewing's sarcoma) were studied. The pretreatment evaluation included: voiding diary, incontinence score, renovesical ultrasound, cystourethrography and urodynamic parameters. Patients received 300 UI of BoNTA via detrusor injections. They were re-evaluated at months 1, 3 and 6. After the third control, if improvement was confirmed, patients were injected again. Otherwise, surgery was indicated. RESULTS After the initial injection, 50% of patients achieved complete continence and 20% remained with minimal leaks. The mean maximum bladder capacity increased from 264 +/- 117 ml to 324 +/- 170 ml (P = 0.322). The mean detrusor pressure decreased from 46 +/- 17 cm H2O to 42 +/- 14 cm H2O (P=0.596). The mean bladder compliance increased from 7.6 +/- 5.9 ml/cm H2O to 10.4 +/- 6.4 ml/cm H2O (P = 0.290). The reflex voiding contractions disappeared in 2 patients; 8 presented trabeculae. Ten patients were reinjected and two underwent surgery. CONCLUSION 70% urinary continence was achieved after the initial injection. No significant urodynamic changes were observed. A longer follow-up with subsequent injections is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sager
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Profesor Dr. Juan P. Garrahan. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Paz E, Cebollada F, Palomares FJ, García-Sánchez F, González JM. Control of magnetization reversal by combining shape and magnetocrystalline anisotropy in epitaxial Fe planar nanowires. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:255301. [PMID: 20508313 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/25/255301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an analysis of the in-plane magnetization reversal mechanisms of Fe nanowires, with widths from 100 nm to 1 microm, fabricated in epitaxial Au(001)/Fe(001)/MgO(001) thin films by means of focused ion and electron beam lithographies, with either positive or negative resist. The experimental results show that the switching mechanisms and hysteresis are almost exclusively functions of the dimensions of the wires and of the Fe intrinsic properties, with minor influence of the specific fabrication route employed upon optimization of nanostructure parameters in terms of crystallinity and morphology, and well defined and reproducible geometry. The reversal processes evolve from wall pinning at low angles between the applied field and the axis of the wires to basically uniform magnetization rotation at high angles. This behaviour can be described in terms of single spin configurations, thus ruling out the formation of multidomain structures even at high angles. The ability to achieve these high quality and well controlled nanowires allowed us to develop an analytical model, based on uniform magnetization configurations considering just the intrinsic Fe properties and the shape and dimensions of the wires. This simple approach provides a very good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the experimental results, thus evidencing the relatively small role of other extrinsic factors in the magnetization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paz
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Shapiro BS, Daneshmand ST, Garner FC, Aguirre M, Hudson C, Thomas S, Alshalati J, Almog B, Shehata F, Paz E, Son WY, Tan SL, Tulandi T, Dong M, Liu F, Wang H, Huang H, Groeneveld E, Broeze KA, Lambers MJ, Haapsamo M, Dirckx K, Schoot BC, Salle B, Duvan CI, Schats R, Mol BWJ, Hompes PGA, Johnson S, Shaw R, Parkinson P, Perry P, Chen H, Han JL, Peng XD, Yan JM, Fuentes A, Jesam C, Kohen P, Galleguillos A, Torres A, Munoz A. Session 67: Endocrine and Immunologic Aspects of Early Pregnancy. Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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de Julián Fernández C, Mattei G, Paz E, Novak RL, Cavigli L, Bogani L, Palomares FJ, Mazzoldi P, Caneschi A. Coupling between magnetic and optical properties of stable Au-Fe solid solution nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:165701. [PMID: 20348591 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/16/165701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Au-Fe nanoparticles constitute one of the simplest prototypes of a multifunctional nanomaterial that can exhibit both magnetic and optical (plasmonic) properties. This solid solution, not feasible in the bulk phase diagram in thermal equilibrium, can be formed as a nanostructure by out-of-equilibrium processes. Here, the novel magnetic, optical and magneto-optical properties of ion-implanted Au-Fe solid solution nanoparticles dispersed in a SiO(2) matrix are investigated and correlated. The surface plasmon resonance of the Au-Fe nanoparticles with almost equicomposition is strongly damped when compared to pure Au and to Au-rich Au-Fe nanoparticles. In all cases, the Au atoms are magnetically polarized, as measured by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, and ferromagnetically coupled with Fe atoms. Although the chemical stability of Au-Fe nanoparticles is larger than that of Fe nanoparticles, both the magnetic moment per Fe atom and the order temperature are smaller. These results suggest that electronic and magnetic properties are more influenced by the hybridization of the electronic bands in the Au-Fe solid solution than by size effects. On the other hand, the magneto-optical transitions allowed in the vis-nIR spectral regions are very similar. In addition, we also observe, after studying the properties of thermally treated samples, that the Au-Fe alloy is stabilized, not by surface effects, but by the combination of the out-of-equilibrium nature of the ion implantation technique and by changes in the properties due to size effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C de Julián Fernández
- INSTM RU at the Department of Chemistry of the University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Ruperto N, Lovell DJ, Li T, Paz E, Horneff G, Huppertz HI, Deslandre CJ, Minden K, Punaro M, Nunez AF, Sigal L, Block A, Covucci A, Martini A, Giannini EH. Reduction in missed school days and improvement in parent activity participation in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis treated with abatacept. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2008. [PMCID: PMC3334150 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-6-s1-p86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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23
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Paz S, Bisharat N, Paz E, Kidar O, Cohen D. Climate change and the emergence of Vibrio vulnificus disease in Israel. Environ Res 2007; 103:390-6. [PMID: 16949069 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2006.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Revised: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In 1996, a major unexplained outbreak of systemic Vibrio vulnificus infection erupted among Israeli fish market workers. The origins of this emergent infectious disease have not been fully understood. A possible link between climate change and disease emergence is being investigated. Meteorological service data from 1981, the earliest detection and reporting of V. vulnificus for the time in Israel, to 1998 for two stations located within the main inland fish farm industry were analyzed. The 1996-1998 summers were identified as the hottest ever recorded in Israel in the previous 40 years. Time series of monthly minimum, maximum, and mean temperatures showed significant increase in the summer temperatures along the 18 years. The highest minimum temperature value was recorded in summer 1996. Lag correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between temperature values and hospital admission dates. The eruption appeared 25-30 days after the extreme heat conditions in summer 1996, at a lag of 3 weeks in summer 1997 while the results for 1998 were at a lag of less than a week. Higher significant results were detected for the daily minimum temperatures in summer 1996 compatible with the disease eruption. These findings suggest that high water temperature might have impacted the ecology of our study area and caused the emergence of the disease, as an effect of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paz
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
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Negro A, Paz E, Rabanal B. New Electrolyte Composition for Determination of Anions by Capillary Electrophoresis with Indirect UV Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120018416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Negro
- a Área Química Analítica, Facultad de C.C. Biológicas y Ambientales , Universidad de León , E‐24071, León , Spain
| | - E. Paz
- a Área Química Analítica, Facultad de C.C. Biológicas y Ambientales , Universidad de León , E‐24071, León , Spain
| | - B. Rabanal
- a Área Química Analítica, Facultad de C.C. Biológicas y Ambientales , Universidad de León , E‐24071, León , Spain
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Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a member of the transferrin family that is expressed and secreted by glandular epithelial cells and is found in the secondary granules of neutrophils. Originally viewed as an iron-binding protein in milk, with bacteriostatic properties, it is becoming increasingly evident that LF is a multifunctional protein to which several physiological roles have been attributed. These include regulation of iron homeostasis, host defense against a broad range of microbial infections, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of cellular growth and differentiation and protection against cancer development and metastasis. While iron binding is likely central to some of the biological roles of LF, other activities, including specific interactions with mammalian receptors and microbial components, also contribute to the pleoitropic functional nature of this protein. In this article, recent advances in the understanding of these functions at the cellular and molecular level are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Ward
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Abstract
AIM To compare the breathing patterns of infants born by elective caesarean section to those infants delivered by caesarean section after a failed trial of labour. METHODS Healthy term infants born by caesarean section were studied. The study group (n = 13) had no trial of labour, whereas infants in the control group (n = 13) failed a trial of labour. Polysomnographic study was performed at 36 h of age. Heart and respiratory rate, type and duration of apnoeas, arterial oxygen saturation and lower limb movements were analysed. RESULTS Term infants born by elective caesarean section had a shorter duration of pregnancy and weighed less. Their heart rate was faster, they had more mixed apnoeas, and during quiet sleep they had more central apnoeas of longer duration. CONCLUSION Cardiorespiratory patterns in infants delivered by elective caesarean section are different from those delivered by caesarean section after a failed trial of labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bader
- Department of Neonatology, Bnai-Zion Medical Centre, the B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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Subirana M, Solà I, García J, Guillamet A, Paz E, Gich I, Urrútia G. Importancia de las bases de datos en la búsqueda bibliográfica. Primer paso de una revisión sistemática. Enfermería Clínica 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1130-8621(02)73769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Steiner HA, Raveh D, Rudensky B, Paz E, Jerassi Z, Schlesinger Y, Yinnon AM. Outbreak of Q fever among kitchen employees in an urban hospital. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 20:898-900. [PMID: 11837645 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-001-0641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H A Steiner
- Infectious Disease Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Ashkenazi H, Rudensky B, Paz E, Raveh D, Balkin JA, Tzivoni D, Yinnon AM. Incidence of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae in acute myocardial infarction patients. Isr Med Assoc J 2001; 3:818-21. [PMID: 11729576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested a possible association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and coronary heart disease. OBJECTIVES To determine titers of antibodies to C. pneumoniae in patients with acute myocardial infarction compared with titers in several control groups. METHODS This prospective case-control study investigated 209 individuals. We assessed the serum IgG antibody titers to C. pneumoniae in 57 consecutive patients admitted with AMI to our intensive coronary care unit during a 4 month period. A serum sample was drawn upon admission and after 6 weeks. Results were compared with those of four control groups: a) patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia (n = 18), b) patients with community-acquired urinary tract infection (n = 42), c) patients with angiographically normal coronary artery disease (n = 44), and d) patients with stable coronary artery disease (n = 48). Serum immunoglobulin G antibody titers to C. pneumoniae were determined using standard micro-immunofluorescence technology. RESULTS Of 57 patients with AMI, 32 (56%) had a high IgG titer to C. pneumoniae (> or = 1:256) on the initial test, which remained unchanged (62%) after 6 weeks. The percentage of patients with high titers was significantly lower in the control groups: 5 of 18 patients (28%) in the pneumonia group (P < 0.01), 11 of 42 (26%) in the urinary tract infection group (P < 0.01), 11 of 44 (25%) with normal coronary arteries (P < 0.01), and 17 of 48 (35%) with stable chronic ischemic heart disease (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The detection of high titers of IgG antibodies to C. pneumonia in many patients with AMI, compared to control groups, suggests that chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection plays a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and acute ischemic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ashkenazi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Pérez-Martínez P, Gómez P, Paz E, Marín C, Gavilán Moral E, López-Miranda J, Ordovas JM, Fernandez de la Puebla RA, Pérez-Jiménez F. Interaction between smoking and the Sstl polymorphism of the apo C-III gene determines plasma lipid response to diet. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2001; 11:237-243. [PMID: 11837227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has recently been demonstrated that the lipid profile of smokers improves if they follow a Mediterranean diet. AIM To establish whether the Sstl polymorphism of the apo C-III gene interacts with smoking and determines the lipid response to diet in healthy subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty-nine volunteers (18 smokers: 8 with the S1S1 genotype, and 10 with the S2 allele; 41 non-smokers: 29 with the S1S1 genotype and 12 with the S1S2 genotype) consecutively followed three different diets: a diet enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFA) (38% fat, 20% SFA) followed by a randomised, cross-over period during which they ate a diet enriched in carbohydrates (NCEP-1) (30% fat, 10% SFA, 55% carbohydrates) and a diet enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (8% fat, 22% MUFA). Cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured at the end of each dietary period. The smokers carrying the S1S1 genotype were not influenced by any of the diets, but the atherogenic ratio decreased in the carriers of the S2 allele when they changed from the diet rich in SFA to a diet rich in olive oil or carbohydrates (p < 0.039). No significant difference was observed when the non-smoking carriers of the S2 allele changed from one diet to another, but there was a decrease in the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio when the subjects with the S1S1 genotype changed from the saturated diet to either of the other diets (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Smoking interacts with the apo CM polymorphism and determines the level of lipid response to dietary changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pérez-Martínez
- Unidad de Lipidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
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Ostos MA, Lopez-Miranda J, Marin C, Castro P, Gomez P, Paz E, Jiménez Perepérez JA, Ordovas JM, Perez-Jimenez F. The apolipoprotein A-IV-360His polymorphism determines the dietary fat clearance in normal subjects. Atherosclerosis 2000; 153:209-17. [PMID: 11058717 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(00)00400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein IV (apo A-IV) has been related to fat absorption and to the activation of some of the enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. Several polymorphic sites within the gene locus for apo A-IV have been detected. Previous studies have shown that the A-IV-2 isoform produces a different plasma lipid response after the consumption of diets with different fat and cholesterol content. The present study was designed to evaluate whether the apo A-IV 360His polymorphism could explain, at least in part, the interindividual variability observed during postprandial lipemia. Fifty-one healthy male volunteers (42 homozygous for the apo A-IV 360Gln allele (Gln/Gln) and nine carriers of the A-IV-360His allele), homozygous for the apo E3 allele, were subjected to a vitamin A-fat load test consisting of 1 g of fat/kg body weight and 60000 IU of vitamin A. Blood was drawn at time 0 and every hour for 11 h. Plasma cholesterol (C), triacylglycerol (TG), and C, TG, apo B-100, apo B-48, apo A-IV and retinyl palmitate (RP) were determined in lipoprotein fractions. Data of postprandial lipemia revealed that subjects with the apo A-IV 360His allele had significantly greater postprandial levels in small triacylglycerol rich lipoproteins (TRL)-C (P<0.02), small TRL-TG (P<0.01) and large TRL-TG (P<0.05) than apo A-IV 360Gln/Gln subjects. In conclusion, the modifications observed in postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in subjects with the A-IV 360His allele could be involved in the different low density lipoprotein (LDL)-C responses observed in these subjects following a diet rich in cholesterol and saturated fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ostos
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario 'Reina Sofía', Avda Menéndez Pidal, s/n. 14004, Córdoba, Spain
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López-Miranda J, Gómez P, Castro P, Marín C, Paz E, Bravo MD, Blanco J, Jiménez-Perepérez J, Fuentes F, Pérez-Jiménez F. [Mediterranean diet improves low density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidative modifications]. Med Clin (Barc) 2000; 115:361-5. [PMID: 11262350 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-7753(00)71561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Most experts, specially from Anglo-Saxon countries, recommend a low fat diet in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, mortality rate by ischemic cardiopathy is low in Mediterranean countries, probably because of the consumption of a Mediterranean diet, with a high level of monounsaturated fats provided by the olive oil. We have conducted this study in order to investigate the possible influence of this kind of diet on the oxidation of LDL in vitro, the key element for the development of atherosclerosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS 41 healthy male subjects were submitted to three consecutive 4-week diets. The first was a saturated fat-rich diet (SAT diet, 38% fat, 20% saturated). This was followed by a low fat diet (NCEP-I, 28% fat, 10% saturated) and after that a Mediterranean diet (38% fat, 22% monounsaturated fat). Plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A-I and B, -tocopherol, and the in vitro susceptibility to oxidation of LDL particles. Both hypolipidemic diets produced a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-c, and apo-B plasma levels. However, it was only the NCEP-I diet that revealed a decrease in the HDL-c. The shift from a saturated fat-rich diet, or a diet rich in carbohydrates, to a Mediterranean diet increased the resistance of LDL particles to oxidation increasing the lag time period (p < 0.038), and decreasing (p < 0.001) the progression rate of the curve of oxidation of LDL. Our results point out two positive consequences of the consumption of a Mediterranean diet by healthy young males, compared with the low fat diet recommended by most Anglo-Saxon experts. On the one hand, the Mediterranean diet increases HDL-c plasma levels, and on the other hand, it decreases the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation. This is why the Mediterranean diet must be recommended in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J López-Miranda
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis. Hospital Alto Guadalquivir. Andújar. Jaén. (Spain)
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López-Miranda J, Marín C, Castro P, Gómez P, González-Amieva A, Paz E, Bravo D, Ordovas JM, Jimenez-Pereperez J, Pérez-Jiménez F. The effect of apolipoprotein B xbaI polymorphism on plasma lipid response to dietary fat. Eur J Clin Invest 2000; 30:678-84. [PMID: 10964159 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2000.00681.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lipid response to dietary fat and cholesterol is, to a large extent, genetically controlled. Apolipoprotein B (apo B) plays a dominant role in cholesterol homeostasis. Several polymorphic sites within or adjacent to the gene locus for apo B have been detected. The X+ allele of the XbaI restriction fragment polymorphism of the apo B gene has been found to be associated with higher serum cholesterol and/or triglyceride levels. In order to study the influence of this mutation on the plasma lipid response in diets of varying fat content, 72 healthy male subjects were studied, 21 X- X- (X-) and 51 X+ (X+ X- or X+ X+). METHODS AND RESULTS These subjects followed three consecutive 28-day diet periods: one rich in saturated fats (SAT diet; 38% fat, 20% saturated); a National Cholesterol Education Program type I diet (NCEP-I diet) (28% fats, < 10% saturated); and a third monounsaturated (MUFA diet) (38% fats, 22% monounsaturated). The different genotypes can be observed to have significant effects on total and LDL cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.017). X+ individuals had higher levels of total and LDL cholesterol after the consumption of a SAT diet (P < 0.012; P < 0.006, respectively), NCEP diet (P < 0.060; P < 0.054, respectively) and MUFA diet (P < 0.022; P < 0.042, respectively) in comparison with X- individuals. A significant interaction between genotypes and dietary effects was observed for diet-induced changes in plasma triglycerides (P < 0.032). Significant decreases in the absolute values of triglyceride concentrations (-0.18 mmol L(-1), P < 0.024) were noted in the X- subjects after the high intake of a MUFA diet, while no significant differences were observed in the X+ individuals (0.006 mmol L(-1), P < 0.858). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the total triglyceride response to diet is influenced by the apo B XbaI polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J López-Miranda
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Alto Guadalquivir, Andujar, Spain
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Jansen S, López-Miranda J, Castro P, López-Segura F, Marín C, Ordovás JM, Paz E, Jiménez-Perepérez J, Fuentes F, Pérez-Jiménez F. Low-fat and high-monounsaturated fatty acid diets decrease plasma cholesterol ester transfer protein concentrations in young, healthy, normolipemic men. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72:36-41. [PMID: 10871558 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/72.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesteryl esters from HDL to apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins. The possible atherogenic role of this protein is controversial. Diet may influence plasma CETP concentrations. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether the changes in plasma lipids observed after consumption of 2 lipid-lowering diets are associated with changes in plasma CETP concentrations. DESIGN : We studied 41 healthy, normolipidemic men over 3 consecutive 4-wk dietary periods: a saturated fatty acid-rich diet (SFA diet: 38% fat, 20% saturated fat), a National Cholesterol Education Program Step I diet (NCEP Step I diet: 28% fat, 10% saturated fat), and a monounsaturated fatty acid-rich diet (MUFA diet: 38% fat, 22% monounsaturated fat). Cholesterol content (27.5 mg/MJ) was kept constant during the 3 periods. Plasma concentrations of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol; triacylglycerol; apo A-I and B; and CETP were measured at the end of each dietary period. RESULTS Compared with the SFA diet, both lipid-lowering diets significantly decreased plasma total and LDL cholesterol, apo B, and CETP. Only the NCEP Step I diet lowered plasma HDL cholesterol. Positive, significant correlations were found between plasma CETP and total (r = 0.3868, P < 0.0001) and LDL (r = 0.4454, P < 0.0001) cholesterol and also between changes in CETP concentrations and those of total (r = 0.4543, P < 0.0001) and LDL (r = 0.4554, P < 0.0001) cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS The isoenergetic substitution of a high-saturated fatty acid diet with an NCEP Step I or a high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet decreases plasma CETP concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jansen
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
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Bazan P, Paz E, Subirana M. [Monitoring patients on mechanical ventilation]. Enferm Intensiva 2000; 11:75-85. [PMID: 11272934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The clinical situation of a patient with acute respiratory failure, indicates the level of care and mechanical ventilatory support required. The aims of mechanical ventilation are to correct hypoventilation, improve oxygenation and oxygen transport and reduce the work of breathing. Nursing care of patients under mechanical ventilation varies according to their state and the ventilation mode. When establishing a care plan, nurses identify the objectives, which will be useful to measure the interventions. These interventions include aspects related to monitoring and indicate whether or not the objectives are met. In this article the items that allow monitoring of a patient under mechanical ventilation grouped into general monitoring and respiratory monitoring are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bazan
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital de la Comunidad, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Rosen E, Rudensky B, Paz E, Isacsohn M, Jerassi Z, Gottehrer NP, Yinnon AM. Ten-year follow-up study of hepatitis B virus infection and vaccination status in hospital employees. J Hosp Infect 1999; 41:245-50. [PMID: 10204128 DOI: 10.1016/s0195-6701(99)90023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We sought to determine the incidence of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst hospital employees over a 10-year period and to assess the extent and efficacy of vaccination against HBV in this population. In 1984 a cohort of 301 hospital employees was tested for hepatitis B surface antibody (anti HBs), hepatitis B core antibody (anti HBc), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Ten years later, 160 (53%) of these workers remained at the hospital and were re-tested. In addition, they were tested for hepatitis C virus antibody (anti HCV). Records of the hospital vaccination program were inspected to determine the rate and effectiveness of vaccination in these workers. Over the ten year period two of the 160 retested workers (1.25%) had sero-converted to anti HBc positive, yielding an incidence density of 0.27 cases per 100 person-years exposed in unvaccinated workers. While the overall seroprevalence of anti HBc did not change significantly between 1984 (81/301, 27%) and 1994 (39/160, 24%), it was much greater than that of the general population (10%). A significantly greater percentage of Jews of Sephardi ancestry (22/65, 34%) were positive for anti HBc than those of Ashkenazi ancestry (15/90, 17%, P < 0.05). In addition, doctors were found to be less likely to be anti HBc positive than nurses (4% vs. 25%, respectively, P < 0.01). Two cases of anti HCV positivity were discovered yielding a prevalence of 1.25% in the 1994 cohort as compared to 0.15% in the population of healthy blood donors. Of the 93 employees of the 1994 cohort eligible for vaccination (i.e., anti HBc-negative and employed in an occupation involving potential exposure to HBV), 53 (57%) had received vaccination and showed protective antibody titers (anti HBs > or = 10 i.u./ml). 17/52 workers with documented vaccinations (33%) did not have detectable antibody levels one to eight years after vaccination. In conclusion, the seroprevalence of anti HBc and anti HCV is significantly higher in this cohort of hospital employees than in the general population. The relatively low vaccination rate among at-risk personnel emphasizes the need for more effective vaccination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rosen
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Larralde C, Paz E, Viveros M, Padilla A, Soler C, Govezensky T. [Numerical analysis of western blot digitalized images. The case of HIV]. GAC MED MEX 1998; 134:385-96. [PMID: 9789383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work explores the use of image digitalization of western blot (WB) aiming to extract more information about the humoral immune response of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals, and to analyze obtained data in a multivariate manner. The digitalization and analysis of WB images was performed on 115 sera. Images were analyzed either qualitatively: dendogram and principal component analysis (PCA) or quantitatively: PCA of the total bands, taking either the antigens, which belong to the virus, or only those which do not. Results show the feasibility of mechanical diagnosis of a large number of WB images. The dendogram and the qualitative PCA satisfactorily separated white images, images with less than four bands, and images with more complex patterns. Quantitative analysis, which keeps more information, separated the images of negative, undetermined and positive diagnosis quite precisely. It was also found that the positive images with complex patterns of antigen recognition correlate better with asymptomatic individuals. Image analysis also revealed various other bands in WB which do not seem to correspond to viral proteins and could represent autoantigens or crossed antigens between HIV and humans which may cause autoimmunity. Digital analysis of WB images is thus demonstrated to be of great usefulness in the diagnosis and of potential great interest in following the evolution and exploring the pathogenesis of AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Larralde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, México D.F., México
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Isacsohn M, Rudensky B, Eidelman AI, Abulafia Y, Paz E, Erlichman M, Sayar Y, Nubani N, Malachi D. Cytomegalovirus infection and disease in the Jerusalem area. Isr J Med Sci 1983; 19:916-920. [PMID: 6319321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We studied the epidemiology of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in women and neonates in the Jerusalem area. During the 6-month period from January to June 1982, we recorded the presence of antibody to CMV in pregnant and parturient Jewish and Arab women from West and East Jerusalem, respectively, in 18- to 22-year-old female students at a religious college, in female university students, in 18- to 22-year-old student nurses, and in the nursing staff of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in our hospital. In the 18- to 22-year-old age-group, the religious college students not working in a medical setting had the lowest rate of seropositivity. No difference in the rate of CMV infection was found between Jewish and Arab parturient women. In five cases of congenital CMV infection, representing different clinical aspects of the disease, a comparative study of diagnostic procedures for congenital CMV infection was performed.
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Isacsohn M, Rudensky B, Eidelman AI, Paz E, Weintraub G, Nubani N, Swartz TA. Surveillance of congenital rubella and the immunity status to rubella in the Jerusalem area. Isr J Med Sci 1983; 19:929-33. [PMID: 6363348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective study on the incidence of congenital rubella (CR) in the past 10 years in the Jerusalem area was conducted. After the 1972 epidemic, which resulted in 48 cases of congenital rubella, few sporadic cases of CR appeared each year, and in the 1978-79 period the number of CR cases was relatively small. Immunity to rubella in different categories of population (children 3 months to 18 years, college students, nurses in pediatric, newborn and intensive care units, student nurses, and women of childbearing age) was determined by hemolysis in gel (HIG) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) methods. Susceptibility was defined as an absence of antibody at a dilution of 1:16 in HI, and hemolysis of less than 7 mm in the HIG test. Compared with previous studies on the incidence of antibodies to rubella in women of childbearing age, a mild decrease in the percentage of sero-negative women was found.
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Paz E, Castilla E. Mutation rate estimate for traits with incomplete penetrance and high fitness. J Genet Hum 1973; 21:73-8. [PMID: 4805908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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