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Carujo A, Santos Silva A, Videira Santos F, Furtado MJ, Vasconcelos AL. Optic Neuritis and Vertebral Osteomyelitis: An Uncommon Presentation of Cat-Scratch Disease. Cureus 2024; 16:e52284. [PMID: 38357045 PMCID: PMC10865162 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In cat-scratch disease (CSD), hematogenous spread may result in atypical presentations. Ocular manifestations develop in a minority of patients, with treatment being important in reducing long-term visual sequelae. Bone infection is rare. We present the case of a 52-year-old woman, with close contact with cats, reporting acute unilateral blurred vision and presenting papilledema, optic disc pallor, and peripapillary hemorrhage. Etiologic study of optic neuritis revealed an elevated positive Bartonella IgG; hence, treatment for CSD with doxycycline plus rifampin and corticosteroids was started. Concomitant lumbar pain of increasing intensity warranted magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed L3-L4 vertebral osteomyelitis with spondylodiscitis. Given the temporal link with CSD diagnosis and the significant clinical improvement since its treatment was started, an etiologic link was presumed and antibiotics were prolonged. This case stands out for the presence of distinct atypical CSD manifestations in the same patient. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment for rare manifestations, particularly bone infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Carujo
- Infectious Diseases Department, Santo António University Hospital, Porto, PRT
| | - André Santos Silva
- Infectious Diseases Department, Santo António University Hospital, Porto, PRT
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | | | - Maria João Furtado
- Ophthalmology Department, Santo António University Hospital, Porto, PRT
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | - António Ludgero Vasconcelos
- Infectious Diseases Department, Santo António University Hospital, Porto, PRT
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Porto, PRT
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Neves S, Videira Santos F. Revisiting Scrofula: An Entity Not to Forget in Migrants' Health. Cureus 2023; 15:e40012. [PMID: 37425548 PMCID: PMC10322669 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) is one of the most common presentations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). The particularity of this presentation is the difficulty in establishing a definitive diagnosis, as clinical manifestations and imaging may be unspecific. We describe a case of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis in a young male from Pakistan, a high-burden tuberculosis country. We intend to raise awareness of this entity, given the high index of suspicion required to diagnose it, which can lead to delays in appropriate treatment, potentially increasing the morbidity and mortality of affected patients. Increased awareness is especially important in immigrants, in whom tuberculosis cases continue to increase, exposing the need for easy and equitable access to healthcare. A brief review of the subject is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Neves
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, PRT
| | - Fábio Videira Santos
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Porto, PRT
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Videira Santos F, Lebre A. VIH e o Advento da Imunoterapia no Tratamento do Doente Oncológico: O Caminho é a Inclusão. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2022; 35:608-609. [DOI: 10.20344/amp.18032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Guerra D, Videira Santos F. [William H. Stewart: Those Who Stand Up for the Quote Add Disinformation]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2022; 35:225-226. [PMID: 35320071 DOI: 10.20344/amp.17642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Guerra
- Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Fábio Videira Santos
- Doenças Infeciosas. Departamento de Medicina. Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto. Porto. Portugal
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Cipriano A, Santos FV, Dias R, Carvalho A, Reis E, Pereira C, Santos AC, Sousa R, Abreu MA. Adult Native Joint Septic Arthritis: A Nine-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Portuguese University Hospital. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2021; 34:826-832. [PMID: 34550871 DOI: 10.20344/amp.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Septic arthritis of a native joint represents a medical emergency. Drainage and effective antibiotic treatment are critical to avoid joint destruction and long-term impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with the diagnosis of septic arthritis to help establish local guidelines for empirical antibiotic treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of adult patients admitted at Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto from 2009 to 2017 with suspected native joint septic arthritis. Relevant demographics, microbiology findings and respective antibiotic susceptibilities were analysed. RESULTS Ninety-seven patients, predominantly males (59.8%) with a median age of 61 years old were included. The most commonly reported comorbidity associated with septic arthritis was diabetes mellitus (20.6%). The knee was the most commonly affected joint (71.1%). Arthrocentesis was performed in all patients, but only 50.5% had positive microbial growth in the synovial fluid. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently identified microorganism, 86% of which were methicillin susceptible. Gram-negative bacteria were the causative agent in 15% of cases. A wide range of empirical antibiotic regimens were prescribed with a combination of vancomycin/carbapenem being the most common (30.9%). Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility profiles revealed that amoxicillin/clavulanate would have been appropriate as the initial regimen in 89% of cases. DISCUSSION The main causative pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus, with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus remaining rare. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria implies that these agents should be covered by empirical treatment, although no case of Pseudomonas infection has been identified. Therefore, antipseudomonal coverage is not necessary in empirical regimens. CONCLUSION Routine coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not warranted but must be considered when specific risk factors are found. Amoxicillin/clavulanate can provide adequate antibiotic coverage as an empirical treatment for adult native joint septic arthritis. Its use may allow a reduction in use of broader spectrum antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cipriano
- Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Fábio Videira Santos
- Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Rita Dias
- Serviço de Medicina Interna. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - André Carvalho
- Serviço de Ortopedia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Ernestina Reis
- GRIP - Grupo de Infeção Osteoarticular do Porto - Porto Osteoarticular Infection Group. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Serviço de Medicina Interna. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Claudia Pereira
- GRIP - Grupo de Infeção Osteoarticular do Porto - Porto Osteoarticular Infection Group. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Serviço de Medicina Interna. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Santos
- GRIP - Grupo de Infeção Osteoarticular do Porto - Porto Osteoarticular Infection Group. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Serviço de Microbiologia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Ricardo Sousa
- GRIP - Grupo de Infeção Osteoarticular do Porto - Porto Osteoarticular Infection Group. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Serviço de Ortopedia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Miguel Araújo Abreu
- GRIP - Grupo de Infeção Osteoarticular do Porto - Porto Osteoarticular Infection Group. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto. Portugal
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Reis J, Santos FV. Perianal Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 After Laser-Assisted Hair Removal. Sex Transm Dis 2021; 48:e30-e31. [PMID: 33448730 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT We report a case of perianal reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 in a 27-year-old man, who was HIV positive with good immunovirological status, after a laser-assisted (alexandrite) hair removal session. We discuss the clinical and laboratory features and the role of prophylaxis with antivirals, particularly in certain patients such as immunocompromised ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fábio Videira Santos
- Infectious Diseases Departments, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUP), Porto, Portugal
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Costa MI, Cipriano A, Santos FV, Valdoleiros SR, Furtado I, Machado A, Abreu M, Bastos HN. Clinical profile and microbiological aetiology diagnosis in adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Pulmonology 2020; 28:358-367. [PMID: 33358259 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Early introduction of appropriate antibiotherapy is one of the major prognostic-modifying factors in community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Despite established guidelines for empirical therapy, several factors may influence etiology and, consequently, antibiotic choices. The aims of this study were to analyze the etiology of CAP in adults admitted to a northern Portugal University Hospital and evaluate the yield of the different methods used to reach an etiological diagnosis, as well as analyze of the impact of patient demographic and clinical features on CAP etiology. We retrospectively analyzed 1901 cases of CAP with hospitalization. The diagnostic performance increased significantly when blood and sputum cultures were combined with urinary antigen tests. The most frequent etiological agent was Streptococcus pneumoniae (45.7%), except in August, when it was overtaken by gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and Legionella pneumophila infections. Viral infections were almost exclusive to winter and spring. A negative microbiological result was associated with increasing age, non-smoking and lack of both blood/sputum cultures. Younger age was a predictor for S. pneumoniae, Influenza and L. pneumophila infections. Active smoking without any previously known respiratory disease was a risk factor for legionellosis. COPD was associated with Haemophilus influenzae cases, while dementia was typical in GNB and S. aureus patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart disease were negative predictors of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, respectively. P. aeruginosa was an independent risk factor for mortality (OR 13.02, 95% CI 2.94-57.7). This study highlights the importance of a comprehensive microbiological diagnostic workup and provides clues to predicting the most probable CAP causative agents, based on a patient's clinical profile. These may be taken into account when establishing first line antibiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Costa
- Department of Pulmonology of Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal.
| | - A Cipriano
- Department of Infectious Diseases of Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - F V Santos
- Department of Infectious Diseases of Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - S R Valdoleiros
- Department of Infectious Diseases of Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - I Furtado
- Department of Infectious Diseases of Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Machado
- Department of Internal Medicine of Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Abreu
- Department of Infectious Diseases of Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Univesity of Porto, Portugal
| | - H N Bastos
- Department of Pulmonology of São João Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC/i3S - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular/Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Psittacosis is a rare disease caused by Chlamydophila psittaci, an intracellular bacteria transmitted by contaminated birds. The clinical and radiological presentations are nonspecific. We describe a case of a 42-year-old woman, with known exposure to birds, who presented to the emergency department with one-week evolution of myalgia, polyarthritis, and respiratory symptoms. At admission, she had fever, respiratory failure, raised inflammatory markers and bilateral interstitial infiltrates at chest radiography. Considering the clinical findings and epidemiological background, we raised the hypothesis of a Chlamydophila psittaci atypical pneumonia that was serologically confirmed. Tetracyclines are the mainstay of treatment and the macrolides are an effective alternative. We highlight the importance of the epidemiological context in the early diagnosis and treatment of this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cipriano
- Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Ana Machado
- Serviço de Medicina Interna. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto. Portugal
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Santos FV, Cipriano A, Abreu MA, Andrade C, Sarmento-Castro R. [Late Neuroborreliosis in an Erasmus Programme Student]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2018; 31:509-511. [PMID: 30332376 DOI: 10.20344/amp.9938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lyme disease is an endemic zoonosis, the most prevalent tick-transmitted infection in temperate areas of Europe, North America and Asia. It is a multisystemic disease with cutaneous, musculoskeletal, neurologic and cardiac manifestations, according to the stage of the disease. We describe a case of late neuroborreliosis in an Erasmus programme student living in Porto. We discuss the importance of the epidemiological suspicion, the clinical approach, the diagnostic criteria and the most adequate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Videira Santos
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas. Centro Hospitalar do Porto, EPE. Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cipriano
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas. Centro Hospitalar do Porto, EPE. Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Araújo Abreu
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas. Centro Hospitalar do Porto, EPE. Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Andrade
- Serviço de Neurologia. Centro Hospitalar do Porto, EPE, Porto. Portugal
| | - Rui Sarmento-Castro
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas. Centro Hospitalar do Porto, EPE. Porto, Portugal
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Gonçalves C, Cipriano A, Videira Santos F, Abreu M, Méndez J, Sarmento E Castro R. Cytomegalovirus acute infection with pulmonary involvement in an immunocompetent patient. IDCases 2018; 14:e00445. [PMID: 30191130 PMCID: PMC6125764 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2018.e00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in healthy adults is usually asymptomatic or causes a mild mononucleosis syndrome, while severe infections are rare in immunocompetent patients and poorly documented. When described, gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous systems are the most frequent sites of severe CMV infection. Lung disease can occur, but it’s rare. Clinical case A 29 years old man presenting with a 2-weeks history of fever, headache, malaise, dry non-productive cough and thoracic pleuritic pain, without improvement after one-week therapy with levofloxacin. Blood exams showed lymphocytosis of almost 50%, nine percent of atypical lymphocytes and elevated transaminases. Thoracic CT-scan showed bilateral infiltrate with internal air bronchogram. Blood serology showed positivity for CMV IgG and IgM, with low CMV IgG avidity. Serum and bronchoalveolar detection of CMV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was also positive. Cultures were all negative. The patient became increasingly hypoxemic and the liver transaminases worsening, the reason for which ganciclovir was started. He made a full recovery and was discharged seven days later with oral valganciclovir, completing a 3 weeks antiviral course at home. Discussion CMV pneumonia is a rare condition, however it’s one of the three most common cause of severe viral community acquired pneumonia (CAP), along with influenza and adenovirus. CMV pneumonia should be considered in patients with atypical lymphocytes and mildly elevated serum transaminases. Conclusion In immunocompetent hosts, even with severe CMV-CAP, the prognosis is good. However, antiviral treatment should be considered in the rare occasion of severe CMV infection. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to clarify the clinical benefit of antiviral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Gonçalves
- Infectious Disease Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cipriano
- Infectious Disease Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Abreu
- Infectious Disease Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Portugal
| | - Josefina Méndez
- Infectious Disease Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Portugal
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Lyon JP, Carvalho CR, Rezende RR, Lima CJ, Santos FV, Moreira LM. Synergism between fluconazole and methylene blue-photodynamic therapy against fluconazole-resistant Candida strains. Indian J Med Microbiol 2017; 34:506-508. [PMID: 27934831 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.195351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proved to be effective against fungi and it may be employed as a coadjutant to conventional antifungal agents, leading to a more effective microbial control minimising side effects. This work evaluates the combined effect of PDT and fluconazole against resistant Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei. The yeasts were submitted to methylene blue-PDT (MB-PDT) in sub-inhibitory concentrations. In the present work, MB-PDT combined with fluconazole was more efficient in the inhibition of the C. albicans and C. glabrata than each treatment alone, being possible to infer that the treatments are synergic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Lyon
- Department of Natural Sciences, Campus Centro-Oeste D. Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, São João Del Rei, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C R Carvalho
- Department of Natural Sciences, Campus Centro-Oeste D. Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, São João Del Rei, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R R Rezende
- Department of Natural Sciences, Campus Centro-Oeste D. Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, São João Del Rei, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C J Lima
- Department of Animal Science, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F V Santos
- Department of Natural Sciences, Campus Centro-Oeste D. Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, São João Del Rei, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Moreira
- Department of Animal Science, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, São Paulo, Brazil
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Santos FV, Colus IMS, Silva MA, Vilegas W, Varanda EA. Assessment of DNA damage by extracts and fractions of Strychnos pseudoquina, a Brazilian medicinal plant with antiulcerogenic activity. Food Chem Toxicol 2006; 44:1585-9. [PMID: 16730111 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2006] [Revised: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Strychnos pseudoquina St. Hil. is a native plant of the Brazilian Savannah, used in popular medicine to treat a number of conditions. Since it contains large quantities of alkaloids with proven antiulcer activity, we tested the genotoxic potential of crude extracts and fractions containing alkaloids and flavonoids from the leaves of this plant, on Salmonella typhimurium and performed the micronucleus test on peripheral blood cells of mice treated in vivo. The results showed that the methanol extract of the leaves of S. pseudoquina is mutagenic to the TA98 (-S9) and TA100 (+S9, -S9) strains of Salmonella. The dichloromethane extract was not mutagenic to any of the tested strains. Fractions enriched with alkaloids or flavonoids were not mutagenic. In vivo tests were done on the crude methanol extract in albino Swiss mice, which were treated, by gavage, with three different doses of the extract. The highest dose tested (1800 mg/kgb.w.) induced micronuclei after acute treatment, confirming the mutagenic potential of the methanol extract of the leaves of S. pseudoquina. In high doses, constituents of S. pseudoquina compounds act on DNA, causing breaks and giving rise to micronuclei in the blood cells of treated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, UNESP, SP, Brazil
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Losi-Guembarovski R, Santos FV, Dias FL, Frederico RG, Cólus IMS. Assessment of the ability of Imazaquin herbicide to induce chromosomal aberrations in vitro in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells and micronuclei in vivo in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2004; 42:1245-9. [PMID: 15207374 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2004.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2003] [Accepted: 03/02/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The agricultural chemicals marketed to increase food production may not only combat pests and weeds but also present toxic properties and cause genetic damage to the fauna and flora. The Imazaquin herbicide (Scepter 70 DG-Cyanamid) has been widely used in soybean fields in Paraná (Brazil), but information on its genotoxicity is scarce. Thus, in vivo and in vitro studies were carried out to assess the possible clastogenic effect of this herbicide on eukaryote cells. In the in vitro studies, the Chinese hamster ovarian cell lines CHO-K1 (wild) and CHO xrs-5 (mutant) were treated at the three phases of the cell cycle (G1, S and G2) for chromosome aberration (CA) analysis. The in vivo assessment was carried out by the micronucleus test (MN) on Swiss mice (Mus musculus) bone marrow cells. The herbicide did not induce a significant increase in the CA frequency in any of the treatments. No statistically significant differences were observed in the MN frequencies among the groups treated with the herbicide and the negative control. From the test system used in this study, we can conclude that the Imazaquin herbicide did not act as a clastogenic agent either in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Losi-Guembarovski
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências, Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), CEP 86051.990 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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