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Luo H, Jiang L, Chen J, Wang D, Kong Y, Cao G. Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia in a patient with motor neuron disease: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:852. [PMID: 38053032 PMCID: PMC10699031 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor neuron disease (MND) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive loss of motor neurons. Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) is a rare etiology of community-acquired pneumonia characterized primarily by respiratory distress. We reported a case of C. psittaci pneumonia complicated with motor neuron disease (MND). CASE PRESENTATION A 74-year-old male was referred to the Shaoxing Second Hospital at January, 2022 complaining of fever and fatigue for 2 days. The patient was diagnosed of MND with flail arm syndrome 1 year ago. The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of sputum obtained through bedside fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed C. psittaci infection. Then doxycycline was administrated and bedside fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed to assist with sputum excretion. Computed Tomography (CT) and fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed a significant decrease in sputum production. On day 24 after admission, the patient was discharged with slight dyspnea, limited exercise tolerance. One month later after discharge, the patient reported normal respiratory function, and chest CT showed significant absorption of sputum. CONCLUSIONS The mNGS combined with bedside fiberoptic bronchoscopy could timely detect C. psittaci infection. Bedside fiberoptic bronchoscopy along with antibiotic therapy may be effective for C. psittaci treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huade Luo
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Department of Blood donation service, Shaoxing blood center, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dongying Wang
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingying Kong
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guangli Cao
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Jin W, Liang R, Tian X, Cheng Y, Kong X, He F, Zhang C, Wang G, Li S, Lu H, Sun S, Shen L. Clinical features of psittacosis in 46 Chinese patients. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed) 2023; 41:545-548. [PMID: 36707280 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psittacosis is a relatively uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia, often leading to diagnostic difficulty. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical features of psittacosis patients in China. Forty-six cases of Chlamydophila psittaci infection with atypical pneumonia of varying severity in the last two years were described retrospectively. RESULTS Fever, relative bradycardia, and other systemic upsets were the main clinical presentation. The most common radiographic abnormality was segmental or lobar shadowing or consolidation. The total white cell counts were usually normal or slightly increased. The concentration of creatine kinase, C reactive protein, and lactic dehydrogenase increased, while albumin decreased remarkably. These cases exhibited good recovery after being treated with tetracycline or quinolone antibiotics. CONCLUSION These features may help differentiate psittacosis from other traditional bacterial pneumonia. However, they do not provide a definitive diagnosis. Psittacosis diagnosis must perform the whole-genome sequencing for Chlamydophila psittaci in respiratory, blood, or sputum specimens. Increased awareness of psittacosis can shorten diagnostic delays and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhong Jin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rongzhang Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Longyan Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xianjiang Tian
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan University of Traditional Medicine Affiliated NingXiang people's Hospital, NingXiang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xianglong Kong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Changsha First Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fei He
- Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZheJiang Province, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoan Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - SenHua Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huadong Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, ZheJiang Province, China
| | - Siqing Sun
- Department of General Medicine, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Shen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Marchese S, Marchese G, Paviglianiti G, Lapi M, Ottoveggio G, Pipitone G, Corsello G. A pediatric case of Chlamydia psittaci caused severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in Italy. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:107. [PMID: 37649055 PMCID: PMC10468848 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This case of psittacosis in children, is the first described in literature, in Italy. This respiratory infection can be transmitted to humans from the inhalation of respiratory secretions, feces and plumage aerosol of infected birds (and other animals). Usually it can have an asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic course, and the onset is often flu-like, but in this case the child risked his life for a severe respiratory failure. This report is unique because in children psittacosis is rare, and always misdiagnosed, or could cause a delayed diagnosis because of lack of awareness among the paediatricians and physicians. Furthermore, psittacosis enters a differential diagnosis with SARS-COV2 infection because both diseases may determine dyspnea and atypical pneumonia, up to acute respiratory failure. CASE PRESENTATION This clinical case talks about a three-and-a-half-year-old male child affected by psittacosis (or ornithosis), with severe dyspnea and systemic symptoms who required oro-tracheal intubation for acute respiratory failure. The child had slept in a room at home, with some recently bought parrots affected by psittacosis. Initially the child was treated with empiric antibiotic therapy (i.v.ceftriaxone and teicoplanin), but after having isolated the DNA of the germ "Chlamydia psittaci" in both serological and through bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), he was treated with targeted antibiotic therapy: tetracyclines (doxicillin). CONCLUSIONS Psittacosis is an extremely contagious disease, caused by an intracellular germ, called "Chlamydia psittaci", a Gram-negative bacterium, transmitted to humans in particular by infected birds, responsible for atypical pneumonia, with acute and chronic respiratory symptoms, sometimes with multi-organ failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Even if it is a rare respiratory disease among children, a good doctor must think about psittacosis as cause of respiratory symptoms (and not only flu or SARS-COV2), above all through a correct medical history, in order to provide a targeted antibiotic therapy. An interesting case of psittacosis in a child is being reported here, which has been treated successfully with doxycillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marchese
- Emergency and Admission Medicine and Surgery, Childrens'Hospital, ISMEP-Arnas Civico-Benfratelli- Di Cristina, Palermo, Italy.
| | | | | | - Maria Lapi
- Anesthesia and Pediatric Resuscitation with Trauma Center, ISMEP-Arnas Civico-Benfratelli- Di Cristina, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Ottoveggio
- Anesthesia and Pediatric Resuscitation with Trauma Center, ISMEP-Arnas Civico-Benfratelli- Di Cristina, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pipitone
- Systemic and immune-suppressed associated infection Disease Unit, INMI Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Unit of General Pediatrics, Childrens'Hospital, ISMEP-Arnas Civico-Benfratelli- Di Cristina, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Tang X, Wang N, Liu G, Tan H, Li AM, Gao YQ, Yao MY, Wang N, Jing HD, Di QG, Chen L, Wang R, Li XY, Li Y, Yuan X, Zhao Y, Li Q, Tong ZH, Sun B. Psittacosis caused severe community-acquired pneumonia accompanied by acute hypoxic respiratory failure: a multicenter retrospective cohort study from China. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:532. [PMID: 37580698 PMCID: PMC10426048 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psittacosis can cause severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The clinical manifestations of psittacosis range from subclinical to fulminant psittacosis with multi-organ failure. It is essential to summarize the clinical characteristic of patients with severe psittacosis accompanied by acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF). METHODS This retrospective study included patients with severe psittacosis caused CAP accompanied by AHRF from 19 tertiary hospitals of China. We recorded the clinical data, antimicrobial therapy, respiratory support, complications, and outcomes. Chlamydia psittaci was detected on the basis of metagenomic next-generation sequencing performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples. Patient outcomes were compared between the treatment methods. RESULTS This study included 45 patients with severe CAP and AHRF caused by psittacosis from April 2018 to May 2021. The highest incidence of these infections was between September and April. There was a history of poultry contact in 64.4% of the patients. The median PaO2/FiO2 of the patients was 119.8 (interquartile range, 73.2 to 183.6) mmHg. Four of 45 patients (8.9%) died in the ICU, and the median ICU duration was 12 days (interquartile range, 8 to 21) days. There were no significant differences between patients treated with fluoroquinolone initially and continued after the diagnosis, fluoroquinolone initially followed by tetracycline, and fluoroquinolone combined with tetracycline. CONCLUSION Psittacosis caused severe CAP seems not rare, especially in the patients with the history of exposure to poultry or birds. Empirical treatment that covers atypical pathogens may benefit such patients, which fluoroquinolones might be considered as an alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and critical care medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department Pulmonary and critical care medical center, Xinqiao hospital, Army Medical University, the Chinese People's Liberation Army Respiratory Disease Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Xi Ning, China
| | - Ai-Min Li
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Gao
- Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Meng-Ying Yao
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Pulmonary, The first hospital of Fangshan district, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Dan Jing
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Guo Di
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Yan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department Pulmonary and critical care medical center, Xinqiao hospital, Army Medical University, the Chinese People's Liberation Army Respiratory Disease Institute, Chongqing, China.
| | - Zhao-Hui Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Bing Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Yin Q, Li Y, Pan H, Hui T, Yu Z, Wu H, Zhang D, Zheng W, Wang S, Zhou Z, Xu C, Wu W, Tong Y, Wang H, Pan H. Atypical pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 122:622-627. [PMID: 35842216 PMCID: PMC9276535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Here, we retrospectively described the diagnosis and treatment of 32 cases diagnosed with Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Clinical information was collected from all the patients. Reverse transcription-PCR and ELISAs were conducted for the detection of COVID-19 using nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was performed for the identification of causative pathogens using BALF, peripheral blood and sputum samples. End-point PCR was performed to confirm the mNGS results. RESULTS All 32 patients showed atypical pneumonia and had infection-like symptoms that were similar to COVID-19. Results of reverse transcription-PCR and ELISAs ruled out COVID-19 infection. mNGS identified C. psittaci as the suspected pathogen in these patients within 48 hours, which was validated by PCR, except for three blood samples. The sequence reads that covered fragments of C. psittaci genome were detected more often in BALF than in sputum or blood samples. All patients received doxycycline-based treatment regimens and showed favorable outcomes. CONCLUSION This retrospective study, with the highest number of C. psittaci pneumonia enrolled cases in China so far, suggests that human psittacosis may be underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed clinically, especially in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Yin
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuecui Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongyi Pan
- Medical Department, Pujiang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tianchen Hui
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhaonan Yu
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dehe Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shouhao Wang
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhewen Zhou
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chengan Xu
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yongxi Tong
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Li X, Xiao T, Hu P, Yan K, Wu J, Tu X, Tang Y, Xia H. Clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics of moderate to fulminant psittacosis pneumonia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270896. [PMID: 35816485 PMCID: PMC9273088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psittacosis pneumonia is a community-acquired pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci. It is usually under-diagnosed due to its atypical clinical presentation and lack of routine laboratory tests. Methods To better understand the clinical features, 52 patients diagnosed with psittacosis pneumonia by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) were enrolled in this study. The clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Results The onset of psittacosis pneumonia in this study occurred all year round, with a peak from December to January. Most of the patients were 51–80 years old. About 65.38% of patients had a history of exposure to poultry or parrots. Abnormalities of multiple clinical signals were detected in these patients. Elevated levels of neutrophil ratio, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and procalcitonin were detected in most patients. Radiological evidence revealed air-space consolidation or ground-glass opacities in lungs of all patients, which is the typical feature of psittacosis pneumonia. In addition, hyperemia, swelling of bronchial mucosa, and bronchial patency were detected by bronchoscopy in all patients, and bronchial sub-mucosal edema, inflammatory cells infiltration and alveolar epithelial hyperplasia were identified in the bronchial mucosa and alveolar tissue. Beta-lactam antibiotics were administered for empirical treatment before mNGS in 17 patients but showed no improvement. The treatment was switched to doxycycline or moxifloxacin immediately since psittacosis pneumonia were suspected and confirmed by mNGS detection (within 48 hours). After receiving adjustment of treatment, 94.23% (49/52) of patients were cured successfully. Conclusions In conclusion, mNGS may be a promising approach for clinical diagnosis of psittacosis. For patients with a history of exposure to birds, hyperpyrexia, nonproductive cough, multiple elevated inflammatory markers, and air-space consolidation in lung, psittacosis pneumonia should be considered, especially when beta-lactam antibiotics showed limited efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Xiao
- Department of Nursing, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengzhi Hu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiongxing Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinya Tu
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yishu Tang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
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Zhou X, Bai G, Dong L, Zhuang H, Duan M. Successful Treatment of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia caused by Chlamydia Psittaci: a Case Report. Clin Lab 2022; 68. [PMID: 35536081 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2021.211127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community acquired pneumonia is a common and deadly condition, which remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia is responsible for less than 5% of community-acquired pneumonia with a fatality rate of 1%. Nonetheless, it is underestimated due to low awareness of the disease and atypical clinical presentation in a majority of the cases. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing can help us diagnose and clarify the etiology in time. METHODS We reported a case of an 85-year-old man who presented with intermittent fever and cough with wheezing for 4 days and did a review of related literature. RESULTS The patient was admitted to our department due to severe CAP and multiple organ dysfunction. After admission, we applied an empirical antibiotic strategy, performed intubation and invasive ventilation, fluid resuscitation, vasoactive drugs and supportive care. On the third day of admission, metagenomic next-generation sequencing results of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid suggested Chlamydia psittaci. We made a diagnosis of sever Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and adjusted antibiotics to minocycline combined with azithromycin two days after admission. The patient was successfully cured with a good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Detecting the pathogen as early as possible and achieving accurate diagnosis are essential in infected patients. We can benefit from careful application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing.
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Liu GF, Cui P, Huang JJ. [0ne case report of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:300-303. [PMID: 35545600 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210330-00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper reported a case of severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia. The patient had a clear history of contact with sick poultry. The clinical manifestations were dry cough, fever and respiratory failure. Chest CT showed consolidation in the lower lobe of the right lung, and a small amount of exudative ground-glass opacity in the left lung. Chlamydia psittaci was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by metagenomic assay. After treatment with antibiotics such as nitroimidazoles and carbapenems, the patient was discharged with a better health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Liu
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine Occupational Pulmonary Disease Department, Jinan 250001, China
| | - P Cui
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine Occupational Pulmonary Disease Department, Jinan 250001, China
| | - J J Huang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine Occupational Pulmonary Disease Department, Jinan 250001, China
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Abstract
Psittacosis is a rare disease caused by Chlamydophila psittaci, an intracellular bacteria transmitted by contaminated birds. The clinical and radiological presentations are nonspecific. We describe a case of a 42-year-old woman, with known exposure to birds, who presented to the emergency department with one-week evolution of myalgia, polyarthritis, and respiratory symptoms. At admission, she had fever, respiratory failure, raised inflammatory markers and bilateral interstitial infiltrates at chest radiography. Considering the clinical findings and epidemiological background, we raised the hypothesis of a Chlamydophila psittaci atypical pneumonia that was serologically confirmed. Tetracyclines are the mainstay of treatment and the macrolides are an effective alternative. We highlight the importance of the epidemiological context in the early diagnosis and treatment of this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cipriano
- Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto. Portugal
| | - Ana Machado
- Serviço de Medicina Interna. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto. Portugal
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Ijaz I, Naz S, Naz F, Qamar S, Nazar M. Psittacosis: Rare Respiratory Problem in Children. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2016; 26:702-703. [PMID: 27539767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Psittacosis is a rare disease particularly in children with usual presentation of respiratory and constitutional symptoms. The cases may remain undiagnosed or diagnosis may be delayed because of lack of awareness among the paediatricians and physicians. Early diagnosis is very important as this is potentially curable and preventable disease. An interesting case of psittacosis is being reported here, which has been treated successfully with azithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ijaz
- Department of Paediatrics, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore
| | - Samia Naz
- Department of Paediatrics, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore
| | - Farrah Naz
- Department of Paediatrics, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore
| | - Sobia Qamar
- Department of Paediatrics, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore
| | - Mobeen Nazar
- Department of Paediatrics, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore
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Mandøe MJ, Uldum SA, Pedersen TI. [Ornithosis is a diagnostic challenge]. Ugeskr Laeger 2014; 176:V11130653. [PMID: 25351672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Symptoms of ornithosis are often unspecific and vary in severity. This case report illustrates the challenges in diagnosing ornithosis. It also shows how easy it is to diagnose ornithosis by PCR analysis of a sputum sample and that it is not always possible to base the diagnosis on serology as our patient had negative serology tests even four weeks after hospitalization. The diagnosis was furthermore compounded by an underlying chronic lung disease. To diagnose patients with respiratory problems correctly it is important to analyse lower respiratory samples by PCR along with other diagnostic tests and to get a detailed medical history.
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Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Stolze J, Schmidt V, Böhme J, Sachse K, Cramer K. [Efficacy of doxycycline for treatment of chlamydiosis in flocks of racing and fancy pigeons]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2013; 41:392-398. [PMID: 24326879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of doxycycline application via drinking water in the treatment of chlamydiosis in infected, clinically ill flocks of racing and fancy pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica) under field conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the scope of a field study, 13 pigeon flocks with clinically manifest ornithosis were treated over a period of 25 days with a novel doxycycline formulation via drinking water. Infection with Chlamydia psittaci had been confirmed beforehand by molecular-biological investigation of organ material from dissected pigeons in each flock. Therapeutic success was evaluated by PCR-analysis of triple swabs from 10 animals of each flock on day 25 of treatment and 7 days after completion of the therapy, as well as by repeated individual and daily herd examination. RESULTS The causative agent Chlamydia psittaci together with additionally documented atypical chlamydia species in six of the 13 flocks could thereby no longer be detected. Furthermore, a resolution of clinical symptoms was achieved in each of the treated pigeon flocks. CONCLUSION Application of doxycycline in the described therapy regimen proved successful for the treatment of ornithosis. In addition, excellent acceptance and tolerance of the deployed formulation could be confirmed in praxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-E Krautwald-Junghanns
- Prof. Dr. Maria-Elisabeth Krautwald-Junghanns, Klinik für Vögel und Reptilien, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, 04103 Leipzig, E-Mail:
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Abstract
A 34-year-old woman with papillary thyroid carcinoma underwent total thyroidectomy with central and lateral lymphadenectomy. Immediate airway compromise required re-intubation immediately after surgery. Marked tracheal and bronchial collapse of greater than 50% of the lumen indicated tracheobronchomalacia. Subsequent attempts at extubation failed over the next week. The patient soon developed evidence of a lower respiratory tract infection. Empirical treatment with penicillins was unsuccessful. A clinical suspicion of chlamydia infection prompted initiation of macrolide treatment followed by resolution of both the patient's respiratory infection and tracheobronchomalacia. Serology returned positive for Chlamydophila psittaci infection. It later transpired that the patient had symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection just prior to surgery. This case demonstrates an interesting and unreported cause of tracheobronchomalacia as well as providing a good lesson on the importance of preoperative screening for infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Dixon
- Department of General Surgery, King’s College Hospital, King’s Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Salvador Diaz-Cano
- Histopathology Department, King’s College Hospital, King’s Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Klaus-Martin Schulte
- Endocrine Surgery Department, King’s College Hospital, King’s Health Partners, London, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydophila psittaci causes psittacosis, an ornithosis acquired usually from infected birds. The disease is often focal and pneumonic but on rare instances can be protean and fatal. Diagnosis is by Chlamydophila serology, which may take as long as 21 days or more. The recovery of the organisms from mice, eggs or tissue culture inoculated with the patient's blood or sputum is tedious and dangerous for laboratory personnel. On occasion, C psittaci inclusion bodies have also been detected in infected cells by fluorescent antibody, Giemsa or Gimenez staining. This report describes heretofore not previously reported recognition of the causative organisms in Diff-Quik-stained clinical cytologic materials. CASE A 17-year-old man presented with fever and sore throat, associated with Steven-Johnson syndrome, of 6 days' duration. In the touch and scrape smears of the orolabial mucosal lesions, C psittaci inclusion bodies were recognizable in Diff-Quik-stained but not with Papanicolaou-stained smears and Gram stain. There were few to numerous organisms per macrophage, which were enlarged or bloated and usually collared by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The diagnosis was supported by a therapeutic trial with doxycycline and confirmed by a positive third serological tests for C psittaci 3 weeks after discharge. CONCLUSION In a suspected or probable case of ornithosis, a rapid diagnosis of C psittaci inclusion bodies is possible in clinical cytology materials using Diff-Quik.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar V Reyes
- Department of Pathology, Morris Hospital, Morris, Illinois, USA.
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Berk Y, Klaassen CHW, Mouton JW, Meis JFGM. [An outbreak of psittacosis at a bird-fanciers fair in the Netherlands]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2008; 152:1889-1892. [PMID: 18788682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Within 2 weeks after a bird-fanciers fair in the Netherlands in November 2007 11 patients presented at our hospital with fever, shivers and severe headache. Dyspnea and dry cough were less common, although the chest X-ray showed a consolidation in 9 out of 11 patients. The clinical diagnosis of psittacosis was quickly confirmed using real-time PCR, although the sensitivity of this test was low (20%). In 9 patients the diagnosis was later confirmed by a rise in complement fixing antibodies in paired sera. None of the patients needed intensive care treatment. All patients recovered uneventfully with antibiotic treatment. Psittacosis is an avian zoonosis, caused by Chlamydophila psittaci. Humans are infected by inhalation of the bacterium that is shedded by excreta or dust from feathers of different sites of either sick or asymptomatic, mostly psittacine, birds. The clinical picture ranges from asymptomatic or mild, flue-like symptoms to severe illness. A timely diagnosis is necessary for successful outbreak management. The realtime PCR is an adequate test in that respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Berk
- Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen.
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van der Bruggen T, Kaan JA, Heddema ER, van Hannen EJ, de Jongh BM. [Rapid diagnosis of psittacosis using a recently developed real-time PCR technique]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2008; 152:1886-1888. [PMID: 18788681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A 37-year-old man was admitted with cough and fever. Three days after admission he was tested using a newly developed real-time PCR technique that detects the DNA of Chlamydophila psittaci. The result was positive; serological investigation was not positive until 14 days later. Psittacosis is a potentially life-threatening infectious disease. Laboratory diagnosis relies mainly on the assessment of paired sera, but this approach has obvious disadvantages in the acute setting. Routine use of the real-time PCR technique led to the rapid diagnosis of psittacosis in 6 other patients. All 7 patients recovered after antibiotic treatment. This PCR technique is a valuable adjuvant to serological testing for the rapid diagnosis of psittacosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T van der Bruggen
- St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, afd. Medische Microbiologie en Immunologie, Nieuwegein
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Failing K, Theis P, Kaleta EF. Determination of the inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of four selected drugs (chlortetracycline, doxycycline, enrofloxacin and difloxacin) that reduce in vitro the multiplication of Chlamydophila psittaci. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2006; 113:412-7. [PMID: 17147151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A total of 18 chlamydial isolates from various psittacine birds, one isolate from a domestic pigeon and one isolate from a Pekin duck were isolated in continuous Buffalo Green Monkey (BGM) kidney cell cultures. All 20 isolates were identified by nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction as Chlamydophila psittaci. These isolates were multiplied to high titres and subsequently tested for in vitro sensitivity against two tetracyclines (chlortetracycline and doxycycline) and two quinolones (enrofloxacin and difloxacin) at concentrations of 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 10.00 microg/ml. Replication of chlamydia in BGM cell cultures is assayed on the basis of formation of intracytoplasmic inclusions that are visualized by Giménez staining. All isolates, although to variable degrees, are sensitive to all four drugs. The number of chlamydial inclusions decreases gradually over a broad range of increasing concentrations of the drugs. The variation in the number of inclusions between isolates is remarkably high for chlortetracycline less for doxycycline and minimal for both fluoroquinolones, the enrofloxacin and difloxacin. The decline in numbers of inclusions is highly dose-dependend and the observed reduction stretches over a wide range of drug dilutions. Therefore, it is proposed to calculate drug sensitivity values in terms of inhibitory concentration 50%, (IC5). Its calculation includes all tested drug dilutions instead of the hitherto more common minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC, which is based on results of serial dilution tests for cell-free growing bacteria. Using a logistic regression model for the calculation of the inhibitory concentration 50% of all 20 chlamydial isolates, the IC50 is 0.807 microg/ml for tetracycline, 0.497 microg/ml for doxycycline, 0.180 microg/ml for enrofloxacin and 0.168 microg/ml for difloxacin. Complete prevention of inclusion formation was already seen for enrofloxacin at a concentration of 1.0 microg/ml in 12 out of 20 and for difloxacin in 5 out of 20 isolates whereas more than 10 microg/mI chlortetracycline is needed in 15 out of 20 isolates and for doxycycline 9 out of 20 isolates yielded inclusions at 10 microg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Failing
- Arbeitsgruppe Biomathematik und Datenverarbeitung, Giessen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
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Zucca E, Bertoni F. Chlamydia or Not Chlamydia , That Is the Question: Which Is the Microorganism Associated With MALT Lymphomas of the Ocular Adnexa? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 98:1348-9. [PMID: 17018775 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djj406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Ferreri AJM, Ponzoni M, Guidoboni M, Resti AG, Politi LS, Cortelazzo S, Demeter J, Zallio F, Palmas A, Muti G, Dognini GP, Pasini E, Lettini AA, Sacchetti F, De Conciliis C, Doglioni C, Dolcetti R. Bacteria-Eradicating Therapy With Doxycycline in Ocular Adnexal MALT Lymphoma: A Multicenter Prospective Trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 98:1375-82. [PMID: 17018784 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djj373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma (OAL) and Chlamydia psittaci (Cp) infection has been proposed, and recent reports suggest that doxycycline treatment causes tumor regression in patients with Cp-related OAL. The effectiveness of doxycycline treatment in Cp-negative OAL has not been tested. METHODS In a prospective trial, 27 OAL patients (15 newly diagnosed and 12 having experienced relapse) were given a 3-week course of doxycycline therapy. Objective lymphoma response was assessed by computerized tomography scans or magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3, and 6 months after the conclusion of therapy and every 6 months during follow-up. Cp infection in patients was determined by touchdown enzyme time-release polymerase chain reaction (TETR-PCR). Statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Eleven patients were Cp DNA-positive and 16 were Cp DNA negative. Doxycycline was well tolerated. At a median follow-up of 14 months, lymphoma regression was complete in six patients, and a partial response (> or = 50% reduction of all measurable lesions) was observed in seven patients (overall response rate [complete and partial responses] = 48%). Lymphoma regression was observed in both Cp DNA-positive patients (seven of 11 experienced regression) and Cp DNA-negative patients (six of 16 experienced regression) (64% versus 38%; P = .25, Fisher's exact test). The three patients with regional lymphadenopathies and three of the five patients with bilateral disease achieved objective response. In relapsed patients, response was observed both in previously irradiated and nonirradiated patients. The 2-year failure-free survival rate among the doxycycline-treated patients was 66% (95% confidence interval = 54 to 78), and 20 of the 27 patients were progression free. CONCLUSIONS Doxycycline is a fast, safe, and active therapy for Cp DNA-positive OAL that was effective even in patients with multiple failures involving previously irradiated areas or regional lymphadenopathies. The responses observed in PCR-negative OAL may suggest a need for development of more sensitive methods for Cp detection and investigation of the potential role of other doxycycline-sensitive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés J M Ferreri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, San Raffaele H Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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Strâmbu I, Ciolan G, Anghel L, Mocanu A, Stoicescu IP. [Bilateral lung consolidations related to accidental exposure to parrots]. Pneumologia 2006; 55:123-7. [PMID: 17144482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The authors present the case of a 32 years male patient admitted for lung consolidations with bilateral extension tendency, associated to fever, respiratory failure and hepatic involvement, with a sudden onset two weeks after contact with apparently healthy parrots. Bronchiolo-alveolar lavage was suggestive for a hypersensitivity pneumonia, but the clinical evolution was good with antibiotics (macrolides, than doxycycline). Radiologic resolution was spectacular. Serum antibodies anti-ch. Psittaci were present in low titre, at the limit of significance. Final diagnosis was chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.
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Walder G, Hotzel H, Brezinka C, Gritsch W, Tauber R, Würzner R, Ploner F. An unusual cause of sepsis during pregnancy: recognizing infection with chlamydophila abortus. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 106:1215-7. [PMID: 16260577 DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000161060.69470.9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydophila abortus (formerly Chlamydia psittaci serovar 1) is a rare but severe cause of gestational septicemia, with particular problems in diagnosis and clinical management. CASE A 32-year-old woman in her fourth pregnancy (16th week of gestation) presented with progressive septicemia after extensive contact with abortive material from her goat flock. Treatment with levofloxacin could not prevent abortion. Multiorgan failure requiring catecholamines and artificial ventilation developed in the patient. After the agent was identified by polymerase chain reaction from acute-phase serum, macrolides were administered and yielded clinical improvement. The patient fully recovered. There were no sequelae in the subsequent 6 months. CONCLUSION Cp abortus must be considered in gestational septicemia after contact with ruminants. Polymerase chain reaction from acute-phase serum is a quick and easy way to establish the diagnosis. Macrolide antibiotics are still the treatment of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Walder
- Department of Hygiene and Social Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, and Department of Anesthesiology, Regional Hospital of Sterzing, Sterzing, Italy.
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Haas LEM, Tjan DHT, Schouten MA, van Zanten ARH. [Severe pneumonia from psittacosis in a bird-keeper]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2006; 150:117-21. [PMID: 16463610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A 67-year-old man was admitted due to severe pneumonia. Initially he was treated with beta-lactam antibiotics and oxygen. However, he developed respiratory failure and was transferred to the intensive-care unit for mechanical ventilation. He was a bird-keeper who collected many species of exotic birds, including parrots. The diagnosis psittacosis (parrot fever) was confirmed serologically and by PCR on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. PCR techniques lead to rapid diagnosis which allows for early treatment. The initial treatment of atypical pneumonia with ciprofloxacin failed. After the patient was treated with doxycycline 200 mg i.v. his clinical condition improved and he was cured. The patient was discharged from intensive care after 10 days when acute respiratory-distress syndrome and pericarditis had resolved. Psittacosis is seen sporadically in the Netherlands. It may be encountered more frequently among patients who have had contact with birds and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E M Haas
- Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei, Willy Brandtlaan IO, 6716 RP Ede
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Chorazy M, Nasiek-Palka A, Kwaśna K. [The case of 57-year-old patient with ornithosis]. Wiad Lek 2006; 59:716-9. [PMID: 17338137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe the case of ornithosis in the form of severe pleuropneumonia with breathing disorders. They emphasize that the proper diagnosis and consequently the treatment have been achieved by the detailed anamnesis and not by additional tests, as the immune reaction was found after full remission of pathological lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Chorazy
- Z I Oddziału Wewnetrznego Szpitala im. Stanisława Leszczyńskiego, Katowicach
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Ferreri AJM, Ponzoni M, Guidoboni M, De Conciliis C, Resti AG, Mazzi B, Lettini AA, Demeter J, Dell'Oro S, Doglioni C, Villa E, Boiocchi M, Dolcetti R. Regression of ocular adnexal lymphoma after Chlamydia psittaci-eradicating antibiotic therapy. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23:5067-73. [PMID: 15968003 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Some infectious agents contributing to lymphomagenesis have been considered targets for new therapeutic strategies. Chlamydia psittaci DNA has been detected in 80% of ocular adnexal lymphomas. The present pilot study was carried out to assess whether C psittaci-eradicating antibiotic therapy is associated with tumor regression in ocular adnexal lymphomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Nine patients with C psittaci-positive marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa at diagnosis or relapse were treated with doxycycline 100 mg, bid orally, for 3 weeks. The presence of C psittaci DNA in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was also assessed before and after treatment in seven patients. Objective lymphoma regression was assessed 1, 3, and 6 months after therapy conclusion and every 6 months during follow-up. RESULTS All patients completed antibiotic therapy with excellent tolerability. At 1 month from doxycycline assumption, chlamydial DNA was no longer detectable in PBMCs of all four positive patients. Objective response was complete in two patients, partial response (> 50%) was observed in two patients, and minimal response (< 50%) was observed in three patients. Duration of response in the seven responders was 12+, 29+, 31+, 8+, 7+, 2+, and 1+ months, respectively. CONCLUSION C psittaci-eradicating antibiotic therapy with doxycycline is followed by objective response in patients with ocular adnexal lymphoma, even after multiple relapses of the disease. A confirmatory, large, phase II trial is warranted to confirm whether this fast, cheap, and well-tolerated therapy could replace other more aggressive strategies as first-line treatment against ocular adnexal lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés J M Ferreri
- Department of Radiochemotherapy, San Raffaele H Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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Virta S, Kauppi P. [Young women suffering from shortness of breath]. Duodecim 2004; 120:725, 727. [PMID: 15119235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Walder G, Schönherr H, Hotzel H, Speth C, Oehme A, Dierich MP, Würzner R. Presence of Chlamydophila psittaci DNA in the central nervous system of a patient with status epilepticus. Scand J Infect Dis 2003; 35:71-3. [PMID: 12685890 DOI: 10.1080/0036554021000026984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study reports an extraordinarily severe and prolonged course of neuroornithosis with generalized status epilepticus as an initial symptom. Direct invasion of the central nervous system by Chlamydophila psittaci was confirmed by the demonstration of specific DNA in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid. The patient recovered slowly under administration of doxycycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Walder
- Institute of Hygiene and Social Medicine, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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Fraser P. What to do with the offending bird. Aust Fam Physician 2001; 30:1022-3. [PMID: 11759446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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Maegawa N, Emoto T, Mori H, Yamaguchi D, Fujinaga T, Tezuka N, Sakai N, Ohtsuka N, Fukuse T. [Two cases of Chlamydia psittaci infection occurring in employees of the same pet shop]. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi 2001; 39:753-7. [PMID: 11828730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We report here 2 cases of psittacosis in a pet shop. In the first case, a 44-year-old male was admitted with fever, and a chest radiograph showed an infiltration shadow in the right lower lung. One day later, a colleague of the first patient, a 42-year-old man, developed fever and was admitted. In this patient, chest radiography revealed an infiltration shadow in the left lower lung. Both patients had mild liver dysfunction. The serum titer of a complement fixation (CF) test against Chlamydia psittaci was elevated fourfold in the first case and sixteen-fold in the second on the analysis of paired acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens. Clinical symptoms and abnormal laboratory data were attenuated by the administration of minocycline for 2 weeks. Since both patients worked in same pet shop and since some parakeets at the shop had died, we speculated that the psittacosis had originated from these birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Maegawa
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Otsu Red Cross Hospital
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[Diseases from Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia pneumoniae]. Med Monatsschr Pharm 2001; 24:259-61. [PMID: 11515199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Sturgess CP, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Harbour DA, Jones RL. Controlled study of the efficacy of clavulanic acid-potentiated amoxycillin in the treatment of Chlamydia psittaci in cats. Vet Rec 2001; 149:73-6. [PMID: 11497397 DOI: 10.1136/vr.149.3.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-four specific pathogen-free cats were inoculated with 3 x 10(3) infectious units of a field isolate of Chlamydia psittaci on to the corneal surface. Seven days later they were assigned randomly to three groups of eight and treated orally for 19 days with either clavulanic acid-potentiated amoxycillin, doxycycline or a placebo. Both treated groups responded rapidly, with a marked reduction in isolation rates and clinical scores which were significantly lower than in the placebo group within two and four days, respectively. After two days the group treated with potentiated amoxycillin had a significantly lower isolation score than the group treated with doxycycline. Forty days after they were infected the clinical signs recurred in five of the eight cats treated with potentiated amoxycillin, but a four-week course of potentiated amoxycillin resulted in a complete clinical recovery with no evidence of a recurrence for six months.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Sturgess
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol
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Albicker-Rippinger P, Fraefel D, Wunderwald C, Hatt JM, Hoop RK. [What is your diagnosis? Psittacosis]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2001; 143:155-7. [PMID: 11293935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Abstract
Chlamydia psittaci myocarditis has been infrequently reported. A case of serologically confirmed C psittaci myocarditis with dilated left ventricle and severely impaired left ventricular function is described. Serial echocardiograms demonstrated complete recovery after therapy. An early diagnosis has important prognostic implications.
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Sykes JE, Studdert VP, Browning GF. Comparison of the polymerase chain reaction and culture for the detection of feline Chlamydia psittaci in untreated and doxycycline-treated experimentally infected cats. Vet Med (Auckl) 1999; 13:146-52. [PMID: 10357101 DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(1999)013<0146:cotpcr>2.3.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The diagnostic sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was compared with that of culture on conjunctival swabs over the course of infection in 4 doxycycline-treated and 4 untreated cats that were experimentally infected with feline Chlamydia psittaci. Treated cats were given 25 mg (5 mg/kg) of doxycycline orally twice daily for 3 weeks from day 6 after challenge. Clinical signs improved within 3 days of institution of treatment. Culture remained positive for 1 day and PCR remained positive for up to 5 days after treatment was commenced. No recurrence of clinical signs occurred and the organism could not be detected by either PCR or culture for 2 weeks after cessation of therapy. In the 4 untreated cats, conjunctival swabs were taken daily to day 14 and every 2nd weekday to day 64 after challenge. PCR was significantly more sensitive than culture in untreated cats overall (PCR 85.7%, culture 72.9%, P approximately 0) and for cats with clinical signs (PCR 89.2%, culture 79.2%, P = .008). PCR and culture had equivalent sensitivity (100%) for cats showing clinical signs in the 1st month of infection, whereas PCR was considerably more sensitive than culture for cats showing clinical signs in the 2nd month (PCR 72.9%, culture 47.9%, P = .028). Organisms were not detected by PCR in blood or any tissue collected from treated or untreated cats at postmortem. Thus, effective treatment of chlamydiosis in cats is possible with much shorter treatment regimens than currently recommended, and PCR is the more sensitive diagnostic method in chronically infected cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Sykes
- Veterinary Preclinical Centre, Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Sparkes AH, Caney SM, Sturgess CP, Gruffydd-Jones TJ. The clinical efficacy of topical and systemic therapy for the treatment of feline ocular chlamydiosis. J Feline Med Surg 1999; 1:31-5. [PMID: 11919013 DOI: 10.1016/s1098-612x(99)90007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-four specific-pathogen-free-derived cats aged four to 11 months were challenged by ocular application of a field isolate of Chlamydia psittaci to evaluate the effect of topical and systemic therapy on the course of disease. The cats were monitored for 35 days post-challenge, with severity of clinical signs being measured using a scoring system, and ocular shedding of the organism monitored by culture of conjunctival swabs. All cats developed active C psittaci infection, and after 7 days the cats were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: Group P (placebo) was given twice-daily ophthalmic tear-replacement ointment; group F was given twice-daily topical 1% fusidic acid ophthalmic viscous drops; group C was given twice-daily topical 1% chlortetracycline ophthalmic ointment; and group D was given doxycycline at 10 mg/kg daily per os in addition to twice-daily topical 1% fusidic acid ophthalmic ointment. Within 24 h of commencement of therapy, group D had significantly lower median clinical scores than group P, and with the exception of day 16, this trend was maintained throughout the observation period. Median clinical scores of cats in group F were not appreciably different to those in group P, whereas the median scores of cats in group C generally fell between those of groups P and D. The median duration of C psittaci shedding was 10 and 15 days for groups D and C respectively, but four of the six cats in groups F and P were still shedding organisms at the end of the study (day 35). In this study, systemic therapy with doxycycline proved superior to topical therapy in the treatment of feline chlamydiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Sparkes
- The Feline Centre, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
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37
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Oei SG. [A very severe course of psittacosis in pregnancy]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1999; 143:124-5. [PMID: 10086123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Compendium of measures to control Chlamydia psittaci infection among humans (psittacosis) and pet birds (avian chlamydiosis), 1998. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep 1998; 47:1-14. [PMID: 9671426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psittacosis -- also known as parrot disease, parrot fever, and ornithosiscan cause severe pneumonia and other serious health problems among humans. Approximately 800 cases of psittacosis (infection with Chlamydia psittaci) were reported to CDC from 1987 through 1996, and most resulted from exposure to pet birds, usually parrots, macaws, cockatiels, and parakeets. In birds, C. psittaci infection is referred to as avian chlamydiosis (AC). Infected birds shed the bacteria through feces and nasal discharges, which can remain infectious for several months. This compendium provides information about psittacosis and AC to public health officials, physicians, veterinarians, members of the pet bird industry, and others concerned about controlling these diseases and protecting public health. The recommendations in this compendium provide effective, standardized procedures for controlling AC in birds, a vital step to protecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Chang
- Department of Aged Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
Psittacosis is an uncommon source of community-acquired pneumonia but can cause significant morbidity and possibly death if not properly diagnosed and treated. Although it occurs most often among handlers of pet psittacine birds, it can be contracted during poultry processing and other contacts with nonpsittacine birds. Clinical presentation is nonspecific, and history taking is often critical in establishing the diagnosis. All suspected cases should be confirmed with serologic antibody testing. Whenever possible, the source of the infection should be identified to prevent further spread of the illness. Infections in humans should be reported to the CDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Kirchner
- Lancaster General Hospital, Department of Family and Community Medicine, PA 17604-3555, USA
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Compendium of psittacosis (chlamydiosis) control, 1997. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep 1997; 46:1-13. [PMID: 9233554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with Chlamydia psittaci, often referred to as avian chlamydiosis (AC), is an important cause of systemic illness in companion birds (i.e., birds kept by humans as pets) and poultry. Infection can be transmitted from infected birds to humans. In humans, infection caused by C. psittaci is referred to as psittacosis, which can result in fatal pneumonia. This compendium provides information on AC (also known as psittacosis, ornithosis, and parrot fever) and psittacosis (also known as parrot disease, parrot fever, and chlamydiosis) to public health officials, veterinarians, physicians, the companion-bird industry, and others concerned with control of the disease and protection of public health. These recommendations provide effective, standardized disease control procedures for AC in companion birds and will be reviewed and revised as necessary.
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Vassallo M, Shepherd RJ. A case of relapsing psittacosis associated with a stroke. Int J Clin Pract 1997; 51:261. [PMID: 9287275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psittacosis, caused by Chlamydia psittaci, is mainly associated with an atypical pneumonia. We report a case of psittacosis where onset of respiratory symptoms was soon followed by the onset of focal neurological signs, a very uncommon feature. Despite adequate treatment with erythromycin, the patient relapsed when re-exposed to a sick pet bird. A prolonged course of doxycycline led to resolution of the pneumonia, but it is important to recall that successful management must also include the elimination of the precipitating cause of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vassallo
- Department of Medicine, King's Mill Centre, Sutton-in-Ashfield, Notts, UK
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Niki Y, Miyashita N, Kubota Y, Nakajima M, Matsushima T. In vitro and in vivo antichlamydial activities of HSR-903, a new fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:857-9. [PMID: 9087506 PMCID: PMC163811 DOI: 10.1128/aac.41.4.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro and in vivo antichlamydial activities of HSR-903 were investigated. The MICs of HSR-903 for different species of chlamydia were 0.016 to 0.063 microg/ml, which were superior to those of conventional fluoroquinolones. The therapeutic effect of HSR-903 in experimental mouse Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia was also excellent and almost equal to that of minocycline and superior to that of ofloxacin. These results indicate that HSR-903 may be useful in the treatment of respiratory infections caused by chlamydiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Niki
- Department of Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Matsushima, Kurashiki, Japan
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Gregory DW, Schaffner W. Psittacosis. Semin Respir Infect 1997; 12:7-11. [PMID: 9097370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci likely occurs considerably more frequently than is suggested by the mere 100 to 200 cases reported annually to public health authorities. Parrots and other psittacine birds still are regarded as the major reservoir of the infectious agent and most recognized cases are associated with owning pet birds or working in a pet store. It was once thought that birds imported from abroad, often illegally, were a principal source, but many domestic breeder flocks of pet birds now have become infected. There is little that is distinctive in the clinical presentation of psittacosis. Therefore, a careful history of bird contact is often the first clue to the diagnosis. The diagnosis frequently is first considered in evaluating a patient whose pneumonia has not responded to therapy with a beta-lactam antibiotic. The diagnosis usually is established serologically. Tetracycline is the preferred therapy and is administered for three weeks to prevent relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Gregory
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-2637, USA
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Abstract
Chlamydia psittaci may rarely involve the heart as the only manifestation of the infection. We report a case of myopericarditis caused by this agent, whose pathogenesis seemed to be autoimmune damage triggered by the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Díaz
- Service of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain
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Webber-Jones J. What's wrong with this patient? Psittacosis. RN 1996; 59:45-8; quiz 49. [PMID: 9001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Carella G, Marra L, Vallot T. [Hepatic psittacosis: a case of liver abnormality diagnosed by ultrasonography]. Presse Med 1996; 25:197-8. [PMID: 8729379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Psittacosis marked by liver and spleen involvement and minimal pericarditis was observed in an 18-year-old patient hospitalized for fever of 1 month duration. At admission, there was no other clinical manifestation and the chest X-ray showed no sign of pulmonary involvement. Liver tests revealed cholestasis. Ultrasonography of the abdomen revealed multiple nodular formations in the liver and spleen, images confirmed on computed tomography. Liver biopsy showed granulomatous with hyperplasia of the Kupffer cells surrounded by healthy tissue. Complement fixation to psittacosis antigen was positive and increased significantly over a 15-day interval. Treatment with tetracycline led to rapid remission of the fever and normalization of the liver tests and hepatic images. Liver involvement in psittacosis is not uncommon, but this is apparently the first case reporting echographic anomalies. The absence of pulmonary involvement has been reported earlier in a few cases. The diagnosis is usually suggested on the basis of epidemiologic criteria and confirmed by complement fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Carella
- Institut de Pathologie médicale, Université Catholique du Sacré Coeur, Rome
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Riantawan P, Nunthapisud P. Psittacosis pneumonia: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Assoc Thai 1996; 79:55-59. [PMID: 8867404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A case of acute, severe pneumonia with respiratory insufficiency due to Chlamydia psittaci is described. Rapid improvement with tetracycline therapy in all symptoms and arterial blood gases is demonstrated. The diagnosis of psittacosis was secured by both cultivation and serological verification. A comprehensive review of the literature is appended. The present report attests to the need for inclusion of C. psittaci as a possible aetiologic agent causing fulminating community-acquired pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Riantawan
- Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Abstract
The recognition of genital chlamydial infection as an important public health problem was made first by the recognition of its role in acute clinical syndromes, as well as in serious reproductive and ocular complications, and secondly by our awareness of its prevalence when diagnostic tests became widely accessible. The recent availability of effective single dose oral antimicrobial therapy and sensitive molecular amplification tests that allow the use of noninvasive specimens for diagnosis and screening is expected to have a major impact in reducing the prevalence of disease in the next decade. Clinical manifestations associated with Chlamydia pneumoniae infection continue to emerge beyond respiratory illness. In particular, its association with atherosclerosis deserves further investigation. Chlamydia pecorum, a pathogen of ruminants, was recently recognized as a new species. The continued application of molecular techniques will likely elucidate an expanding role for chlamydiae in human and animal diseases, delineate the phylogenetic relationships among chlamydial species and within the eubacteria domain, and provide tools for detection and control of chlamydial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Peeling
- Laboratory Centre for Disease Control Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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50
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Khatib R, Thirumoorthi MC, Kelly B, Grady KJ. Severe psittacosis during pregnancy and suppression of antibody response with early therapy. Scand J Infect Dis 1995; 27:519-21. [PMID: 8588147 DOI: 10.3109/00365549509047058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A cluster of 3 cases of psittacosis occurred among members of one family. The initial case was a pregnant woman who presented with extensive multilobar infiltrates and severe respiratory distress necessitating mechanical ventilation. Her respiratory failure worsened during 36 h of erythromycin therapy. Improvement coincided with the termination of pregnancy and the initiation of doxycycline treatment. The remaining patients developed milder illness. Serologic assessment of the affected subjects suggests that early treatment may suppress antibody response.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Khatib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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