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Tessier E, Ruffier d'Epenoux L, Lartigue MF, Chaufour L, Plouzeau-Jayle C, Chenouard R, Guérin F, Tandé D, Lamoureux C, Bémer P, Corvec S. Comparison of the in vitro activities of delafloxacin and comparators against Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical strains involved in osteoarticular infections: a CRIOGO multicentre retrospective study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:1045-1050. [PMID: 38507272 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus epidermidis bone and joint infections (BJIs) on material are often difficult to treat. The activity of delafloxacin has not yet been studied on S. epidermidis in this context. The aim of this study was to assess its in vitro activity compared with other fluoroquinolones, against a large collection of S. epidermidis clinical strains. METHODS We selected 538 S. epidermidis strains isolated between January 2015 and February 2023 from six French teaching hospitals. One hundred and fifty-two strains were ofloxacin susceptible and 386 were ofloxacin resistant. Identifications were performed by MS and MICs were determined using gradient concentration strips for ofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and delafloxacin. RESULTS Ofloxacin-susceptible strains were susceptible to all fluoroquinolones. Resistant strains had higher MICs of all fluoroquinolones. Strains resistant to ofloxacin (89.1%) still showed susceptibility to delafloxacin when using the Staphylococcus aureus 2021 CA-SFM/EUCAST threshold of 0.25 mg/L. In contrast, only 3.9% of the ofloxacin-resistant strains remained susceptible to delafloxacin with the 0.016 mg/L S. aureus breakpoint according to CA-SFM/EUCAST guidelines in 2022. The MIC50 was 0.094 mg/L and the MIC90 was 0.38 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS We showed low delafloxacin MICs for ofloxacin-susceptible S. epidermidis strains and a double population for ofloxacin-resistant strains. Despite the absence of breakpoints for S. epidermidis, delafloxacin may be an option for the treatment of complex BJI, including strains with MICs of ≤0.094 mg/L, leading to 64% susceptibility. This study underlines the importance for determining specific S. epidermidis delafloxacin breakpoints for the management of BJI on material.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tessier
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - L Ruffier d'Epenoux
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- INSERM, INCIT U1302, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - M F Lartigue
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU Tours, Tours, France
- ISP, UMR1282, Université de Tours, INRAe, Tours, France
| | - L Chaufour
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU Tours, Tours, France
| | - C Plouzeau-Jayle
- Service de Bactériologie et d'Hygiène hospitalière, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - R Chenouard
- Service de Bactériologie, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - F Guérin
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène hospitalière & CNR de la résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques'), CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - D Tandé
- Unité de Bactériologie, Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | - C Lamoureux
- Unité de Bactériologie, Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | - P Bémer
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - S Corvec
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- INSERM, INCIT U1302, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes F-44000, France
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Limkin EJ, Guérin F, Espenel S, Terlizzi M, Martelli H, Haie-Meder C, Minard V, Chargari C. Use of an intravaginal spacer in young girls treated with brachytherapy for bladder neck rhabdomyosarcoma: Dosimetric impact for organs at risk sparing and acute tolerance. Cancer Radiother 2021; 26:486-490. [PMID: 34711484 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Interstitial brachytherapy is indicated as part of a conservative strategy for children with bladder and/or prostate rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), providing high local control probability with acceptable functional results. Vaginal and/or rectal complications were however reported, due to the close proximity to the implanted volume. We investigated the dosimetric impact of a vaginal spacer in terms of rectal and vaginal doses. METHODS AND PATIENTS Medical records of 12 consecutive female patients with bladder neck RMS, median age 32 months (range: 1.3-6 years), were reviewed. Five patients were treated prior to 2017 without a vaginal spacer and seven patients treated after 2017 had their brachytherapy delivered with a vaginal spacer placed at time of implant. RESULTS Minimal doses delivered to the most exposed 2cm3, 1cm3, and 0.5cm3 of the rectum were all statistically significantly lower among patients treated with a vaginal spacer, as compared to those treated without a spacer. Median rectal D2cm3 was 22GyEQD2 versus 38GyEQD2 (P=0.02), D1cm3 was 29GyEQD2 versus 51GyEQD2 (P=0.013), and D0.5cm3 was 32GyEQD2 versus 61GyEQD2 (P=0.017), with and without the vaginal spacer, respectively. The posterior vaginal wall D0.5cm3 dose was also significantly decreased, with median D0.5cm3 of 92GyEQD2 versus 54GyEQD2 (P<0.0001), with and without the spacer, respectively. Acute tolerance was excellent in all patients, with no need for replanning and no acute complication. CONCLUSIONS The use of vaginal spacers in brachytherapy of female pediatric patients with bladder neck RMS resulted in significantly decreased doses to the rectum and the posterior vaginal wall. Though the clinical impact of such dose reduction remains undemonstrated, routine utilization of a vaginal spacer could be a method to decrease long-term morbidity in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Limkin
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - F Guérin
- Department of pediatric surgery, Kremlin-Bicêtre university hospital, université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S Espenel
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - M Terlizzi
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - H Martelli
- Department of pediatric surgery, Kremlin-Bicêtre university hospital, université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - C Haie-Meder
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - V Minard
- Department of pediatric oncology, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - C Chargari
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
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Meurant A, Isnard C, Guérin F, Malandain D, Morral y Segura J, Saint-Lorant G, de la Blanchardière A. Sous-utilisation du céfépime dans la prise en charge des entérobactéries du groupe 3. Infect Dis Now 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rasoamanana H, Ravelomanantsoa S, Yahiaoui N, Dianzinga N, Rébert E, Gauche MM, Pecrix Y, Costet L, Rieux A, Prior P, Robène I, Cellier G, Guérin F, Poussier S. Contrasting genetic diversity and structure among Malagasy Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum phylotype I populations inferred from an optimized Multilocus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat Analysis scheme. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242846. [PMID: 33290390 PMCID: PMC7723262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC), composed of three species and four phylotypes, are globally distributed soil-borne bacteria with a very broad host range. In 2009, a devastating potato bacterial wilt outbreak was declared in the central highlands of Madagascar, which reduced the production of vegetable crops including potato, eggplant, tomato and pepper. A molecular epidemiology study of Malagasy RSSC strains carried out between 2013 and 2017 identified R. pseudosolanacearum (phylotypes I and III) and R. solanacearum (phylotype II). A previously published population biology analysis of phylotypes II and III using two MultiLocus Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Analysis (MLVA) schemes revealed an emergent epidemic phylotype II (sequevar 1) group and endemic phylotype III isolates. We developed an optimized MLVA scheme (RS1-MLVA14) to characterize phylotype I strains in Madagascar to understand their genetic diversity and structure. The collection included isolates from 16 fields of different Solanaceae species sampled in Analamanga and Itasy regions (highlands) in 2013 (123 strains) and in Atsinanana region (lowlands) in 2006 (25 strains). Thirty-one haplotypes were identified, two of them being particularly prevalent: MT007 (30.14%) and MT004 (16.44%) (sequevar 18). Genetic diversity analysis revealed a significant contrasting level of diversity according to elevation and sampling region. More diverse at low altitude than at high altitude, the Malagasy phylotype I isolates were structured in two clusters, probably resulting from different historical introductions. Interestingly, the most prevalent Malagasy phylotype I isolates were genetically distant from regional and worldwide isolates. In this work, we demonstrated that the RS1-MLVA14 scheme can resolve differences from regional to field scales and is thus suited for deciphering the epidemiology of phylotype I populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasina Rasoamanana
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Santatra Ravelomanantsoa
- Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Développement Rural FOFIFA, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Noura Yahiaoui
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Niry Dianzinga
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Emeline Rébert
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Miharisoa-Mirana Gauche
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Yann Pecrix
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Laurent Costet
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Adrien Rieux
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Philippe Prior
- Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Isabelle Robène
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Gilles Cellier
- Anses - Plant Health Laboratory - Tropical Pests and Diseases Unit, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Fabien Guérin
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Stéphane Poussier
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
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Sonigo G, Battistella M, Beylot-Barry M, Oro S, Franck N, Barete S, Boulinguez S, Dereure O, Bonnet N, Socié G, Brice P, Boccara O, Bodemer C, Adamski H, D’Incan M, Ortonne N, Fraitag S, Brunet-Possenti F, Dalle S, Suarez F, Marcais A, Skowron F, Haidar D, Maubec E, Bohelay G, Laroche L, Mahé A, Birckel E, Bouaziz JD, Brocheriou I, Dubois R, Faiz S, Fadlallah J, Ram-Wolff C, Carlotti A, Bens G, Balme B, Vergier B, Laurent-Roussel S, Deschamps L, Carpentier O, Moguelet P, Hervé G, Comoz F, Le Gall F, Leverger G, Finon A, Augereau O, Bléchet C, Kerdraon R, lamant L, Tournier E, Franck F, Costes-Martineau V, Szablewski V, Taix S, Beschet I, Guérin F, Sepulveda F, Bagot M, De Saint-Basile G, Michonneau D, De Masson A. Étude clinique à long terme et mutations HAVCR2 chez 70 patients atteints de lymphome T sous cutané à type de panniculite. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.09.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Berleur M, Guérin F, Massias L, Chau F, Poujade J, Cattoir V, Fantin B, de Lastours V. Activity of fosfomycin alone or combined with temocillin in vitro and in a murine model of peritonitis due to KPC-3- or OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:3074-3080. [PMID: 30085154 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative therapeutic regimens are urgently needed against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Fosfomycin often remains active against KPC and OXA-48 producers, but emergence of resistance is a major limitation. Our aim was to determine whether the association of temocillin with fosfomycin might be useful to treat KPC- or OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli infections. Methods Isogenic derivatives of E. coli CFT073 with blaKPC-3- or blaOXA-48-harbouring plasmids (named CFT073-KPC-3 and CFT073-OXA-48, respectively) were used. The addition of temocillin to fosfomycin was tested using the chequerboard method and time-kill curves as well as in a fatal peritonitis murine model. Mice were treated for 24 h with fosfomycin alone or in combination with temocillin. Bacterial loads, before and after treatment, were determined in the peritoneal fluid and fosfomycin-resistant mutants were detected. Results Temocillin MICs were 8, 32 and 256 mg/L for CFT073 (WT), CFT073-KPC-3 and CFT073-OXA-48, respectively. Fosfomycin MIC was 0.5 mg/L for all strains. The chequerboard experiments demonstrated synergy for all three strains. In time-kill curves, combining temocillin with fosfomycin was synergistic, bactericidal and prevented emergence of resistance for CFT073-pTOPO and CFT073-KPC-3, but not CFT073-OXA-48. In vivo, for the three strains, bacterial counts were lower in peritoneal fluid with the combination compared with fosfomycin alone (P < 0.001) and inhibited growth of resistant mutants in all cases. Conclusions The combination of fosfomycin and temocillin demonstrated a benefit in vitro and in vivo against E. coli strains producing KPC-3 or OXA-48-type carbapenemases. This combination prevented the emergence of fosfomycin resistance and proved to be more bactericidal than fosfomycin alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berleur
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - F Guérin
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France
| | - L Massias
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Pharmacie, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - F Chau
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J Poujade
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - V Cattoir
- CHU de Rennes, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Rennes, France.,CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé "Entérocoques"), Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Unité Inserm U1230, Rennes, France
| | - B Fantin
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de médecine interne, Clichy, France
| | - V de Lastours
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de médecine interne, Clichy, France
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de Lambert G, Poirot C, Guérin F, Brugières L, Martelli H. Preservation of future fertility in pediatric patients with cancer. J Visc Surg 2018; 155 Suppl 1:S41-S46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ravelomanantsoa S, Vernière C, Rieux A, Costet L, Chiroleu F, Arribat S, Cellier G, Pruvost O, Poussier S, Robène I, Guérin F, Prior P. Molecular Epidemiology of Bacterial Wilt in the Madagascar Highlands Caused by Andean (Phylotype IIB-1) and African (Phylotype III) Brown Rot Strains of the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex. Front Plant Sci 2018; 8:2258. [PMID: 29379515 PMCID: PMC5775269 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is a highly diverse cluster of bacterial strains found worldwide, many of which are destructive and cause bacterial wilt (BW) in a wide range of host plants. In 2009, potato production in Madagascar was dramatically affected by several BW epidemics. Controlling this disease is critical for Malagasy potato producers. The first important step toward control is the characterization of strains and their putative origins. The genetic diversity and population structure of the RSSC were investigated in the major potato production areas of the Highlands. A large collection of strains (n = 1224) was assigned to RSSC phylotypes based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Phylotypes I and III have been present in Madagascar for a long time but rarely associated with major potato BW outbreaks. The marked increase of BW prevalence was found associated with phylotype IIB sequevar 1 (IIB-1) strains (n = 879). This is the first report of phylotype IIB-1 strains in Madagascar. In addition to reference strains, epidemic IIB-1 strains (n = 255) were genotyped using the existing MultiLocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA) scheme RS2-MLVA9, producing 31 haplotypes separated into two related clonal complexes (CCs). One major CC included most of the worldwide haplotypes distributed across wide areas. A regional-scale investigation suggested that phylotype IIB-1 strains were introduced and massively spread via latently infected potato seed tubers. Additionally, the genetic structure of phylotype IIB-1 likely resulted from a bottleneck/founder effect. The population structure of phylotype III, described here for the first time in Madagascar, exhibited a different pattern. Phylotype III strains (n = 217) were genotyped using the highly discriminatory MLVA scheme RS3-MLVA16. High genetic diversity was uncovered, with 117 haplotypes grouped into 11 CCs. Malagasy phylotype III strains were highly differentiated from continental African strains, suggesting no recent migration from the continent. Overall, population structure of phylotype III involves individual small CCs that correlate to restricted geographic areas in Madagascar. The evidence suggests, if at all, that African phylotype III strains are not efficiently transmitted through latently infected potato seed tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santatra Ravelomanantsoa
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, University of Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Christian Vernière
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Adrien Rieux
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Laurent Costet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Frédéric Chiroleu
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Sandrine Arribat
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Gilles Cellier
- Tropical Pests and Diseases Unit, Plant Health Laboratory, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Olivier Pruvost
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Stéphane Poussier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, University of Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Isabelle Robène
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Fabien Guérin
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, University of Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Philippe Prior
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Saint-Pierre, France
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Yahiaoui N, Chéron JJ, Ravelomanantsoa S, Hamza AA, Petrousse B, Jeetah R, Jaufeerally-Fakim Y, Félicité J, Fillâtre J, Hostachy B, Guérin F, Cellier G, Prior P, Poussier S. Genetic Diversity of the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex in the Southwest Indian Ocean Islands. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:2139. [PMID: 29312394 PMCID: PMC5742265 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological surveillance of plant pathogens based on genotyping methods is mandatory to improve disease management strategies. In the Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands, bacterial wilt (BW) caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is hampering the production of many sustainable and cash crops. To thoroughly analyze the genetic diversity of the RSSC in the SWIO, we performed a wide sampling survey (in Comoros, Mauritius, Reunion, Rodrigues, and Seychelles) that yielded 1,704 isolates from 129 plots, mainly from solanaceous crops. Classification of the isolates to the four major RSSC phylogenetic groups, named phylotypes, showed that 87% were phylotype I, representing the most prevalent strain in each of the SWIO islands. Additionally, 9.7% were phylotype II, and 3.3% were phylotype III; however, these isolates were found only in Reunion. Phylotype IV (2 isolates), known to be restricted to Indonesia-Australia-Japan, was reported in Mauritius, representing the first report of this group in the SWIO. Partial endoglucanase (egl) sequencing, based on the selection of 145 isolates covering the geographic and host diversity in the SWIO (also including strains from Mayotte and Madagascar), revealed 14 sequevars with Reunion and Mauritius displaying the highest sequevar diversity. Through a multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) scheme based on the partial sequencing of 6 housekeeping genes (gdhA, gyrB, rplB, leuS, adk, and mutS) and 1 virulence-associated gene (egl), we inferred the phylogenetic relationships between these 145 SWIO isolates and 90 worldwide RSSC reference strains. Phylotype I was the most recombinogenic, although recombination events were detected among all phylotypes. A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme identified 29 sequence types (STs) with variable geographic distributions in the SWIO. The outstanding epidemiologic feature was STI-13 (sequevar I-31), which was overrepresented in the SWIO and obviously reflected a lineage strongly adapted to the SWIO environment. A goeBURST analysis identified eight clonal complexes (CCs) including SWIO isolates, four CCs being geographically restricted to the SWIO, and four CCs being widespread beyond the SWIO. This work, which highlights notable genetic links between African and SWIO strains, provides a basis for the epidemiological surveillance of RSSC and will contribute to BW management in the SWIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Yahiaoui
- CIRAD, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, France
- Anses, National Plant Health Laboratory, Tropical Pests and Diseases Unit, Saint-Pierre, France
- Université de la Réunion, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Chéron
- CIRAD, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, France
| | | | - Azali A. Hamza
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, la Pêche et l'Environnement, Moroni, Comoros
| | | | - Rajan Jeetah
- Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute, Curepipe, Mauritius
| | | | | | - Jacques Fillâtre
- Association Réunionnaise pour la Modernisation de l'Economie Fruitière, Légumière et HORticole, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Bruno Hostachy
- Anses, National Plant Health Laboratory, Tropical Pests and Diseases Unit, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Fabien Guérin
- Université de la Réunion, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Gilles Cellier
- Anses, National Plant Health Laboratory, Tropical Pests and Diseases Unit, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Philippe Prior
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Stéphane Poussier
- Université de la Réunion, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Saint-Pierre, France
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Descloux S, Chanudet V, Serça D, Guérin F. Methane and nitrous oxide annual emissions from an old eutrophic temperate reservoir. Sci Total Environ 2017; 598:959-972. [PMID: 28468122 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two greenhouse gases -methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) - were monitored monthly during one year (2011) at the Eguzon Reservoir in France. The objective of the study was to quantify for the first time in a temperate area the total emissions of these gases through the main emission pathways (diffusion and bubbling from the reservoir, degassing and downstream diffusion). The reservoir was impounded in 1926 and had, in 2011, a eutrophic status promoting high organic matter degradation and nitrification-denitrification, all favouring CH4 and N2O production. CH4 and N2O emissions were dominated by diffusion from the reservoir surface (respectively 78.0% and 92.3%). Ebullition was only observed for CH4 and accounted for 14.0% of total CH4 emissions. Downstream degassing and diffusion represented 8.1% of the total CH4 emissions and 7.7% of the total N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Descloux
- EDF - Hydro Engineering Centre - Environmental and Society Department - Savoie-Technolac, 73373 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - V Chanudet
- EDF - Hydro Engineering Centre - Environmental and Society Department - Savoie-Technolac, 73373 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France.
| | - D Serça
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR5560, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - F Guérin
- Université de Toulouse, UPS GET, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement; UR 234, GET, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
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11
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Chargari C, Martelli H, Guérin F, Mazeron R, Minard-Colin V, Deutsch E, Haie-Meder C. SP-0224: Brachytherapy for bladder/prostate rhabdomyosarcoma: clinical outcome and functional results. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Chargari C, Martelli H, Guérin F, de Lambert G, Mazeron R, Minard-Collin V, Dumas I, Valteau-Couanet D, Haie-Meder C. Place of Brachytherapy as Part of the Multimodal Treatment of Pediatric Bladder-Neck and/or Prostate Rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Barraud O, Isnard C, Lienhard R, Guérin F, Couvé-Deacon E, Martin C, Cattoir V, Ploy MC. Sulphonamide resistance associated with integron derivative Tn6326 in Actinotignum schaalii. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:2670-1. [PMID: 27261268 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O Barraud
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
| | - C Isnard
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France Université de Caen Normandie, EA 4655 (équipe 'Antibiorésistance'), Caen, France
| | - R Lienhard
- ADMED Microbiologie, La-Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - F Guérin
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France Université de Caen Normandie, EA 4655 (équipe 'Antibiorésistance'), Caen, France CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques et résistances particulières des bactéries à Gram positif'), Caen, France
| | - E Couvé-Deacon
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
| | - C Martin
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
| | - V Cattoir
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France Université de Caen Normandie, EA 4655 (équipe 'Antibiorésistance'), Caen, France CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques et résistances particulières des bactéries à Gram positif'), Caen, France
| | - M C Ploy
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
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Ravelomanantsoa S, Robène I, Chiroleu F, Guérin F, Poussier S, Pruvost O, Prior P. A novel multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis typing scheme for African phylotype III strains of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1949. [PMID: 27168969 PMCID: PMC4860299 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Reliable genotyping that provides an accurate description of diversity in the context of pathogen emergence is required for the establishment of strategies to improve disease management. MultiLocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) is a valuable genotyping method. It can be performed at small evolutionary scales where high discriminatory power is needed. Strains of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) are highly genetically diverse. These destructive pathogens are the causative agent of bacterial wilt on an unusually broad range of host plants worldwide. In this study, we developed an MLVA scheme for genotyping the African RSSC phylotype III. Methods. We selected different publicly available tandem repeat (TR) loci and additional TR loci from the genome of strain CMR15 as markers. Based on these loci, a new phylotype III-MLVA scheme is presented. MLVA and multiLocus sequence typing (MLST) were compared at the global, regional, and local scales. Different populations of epidemiologically related and unrelated RSSC phylotype III strains were used. Results and Discussion. Sixteen polymorphic TR loci, which included seven microsatellites and nine minisatellites, were selected. These TR loci were distributed throughout the genome (chromosome and megaplasmid) and located in both coding and intergenic regions. The newly developed RS3-MLVA16 scheme was more discriminative than MLST. RS3-MLVA16 showed good ability in differentiating strains at global, regional, and local scales, and it especially highlighted epidemiological links between closely related strains at the local scale. RS3-MLVA16 also underlines genetic variability within the same MLST-type and clonal complex, and gives a first overview of population structure. Overall, RS3-MLVA16 is a promising genotyping method for outbreak investigation at a fine scale, and it could be used for outbreak investigation as a first-line, low-cost assay for the routine screening of RSSC phylotype III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santatra Ravelomanantsoa
- BIOS UMR PVBMT, CIRAD, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- UMR PVBMT, Université de la Reunion, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Fabien Guérin
- UMR PVBMT, Université de la Reunion, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Stéphane Poussier
- UMR PVBMT, Université de la Reunion, Saint-Pierre La Réunion, France
| | | | - Philippe Prior
- BIOS UMR PVBMT, CIRAD, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Department of Plant Health and Environment, INRA, Paris, France
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Alexandre K, Chau F, Guérin F, Massias L, Lefort A, Cattoir V, Fantin B. Activity of temocillin in a lethal murine model of infection of intra-abdominal origin due to KPC-producing Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:1899-904. [PMID: 27029848 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Temocillin is a 6-α-methoxy derivative of ticarcillin that shows in vitro activity against Enterobacteriaceae producing Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). Our objective was to assess in vivo temocillin activity against KPC-producing Escherichia coli. METHODS Isogenic derivatives of the WT E. coli CFT073 producing KPC-2, KPC-3 or OXA-48 were constructed. An experimental murine model of intra-abdominal infection with sepsis was used. Mice were treated subcutaneously with temocillin 200 mg/kg every 2 h for 24 h, reproducing the duration of time that the free serum concentration of temocillin exceeded the MIC in humans with a regimen of 2 g every 12 h or 2 g every 8 h. Blood, peritoneal fluid (PF) and spleen were collected; 24 h survival and sterility rates were assessed. RESULTS Temocillin MICs were 8, 16, 32, and 256 mg/L for the susceptible strain and KPC-2-, KPC-3-, and OXA-48-producing strains, respectively. In mice treated with temocillin, significant bacterial reduction was obtained in PF, blood, and spleen for the susceptible strain and KPC-2- and KPC-3-producing strains (P < 0.001) but not for the OXA-48-producing strain. Sterility rates in PF were 53%, 10%, 0% and 0% (P < 0.001) and sterility rates in blood were 77%, 40%, 3% and 0% (P < 0.001), while survival rates were 97%, 97%, 57%, 0% (P < 0.001) for mice infected with the susceptible strain and KPC-2-, KPC-3- and OXA-48-producing strains, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In a lethal-infection model with bacteraemia from intra-abdominal origin, temocillin retained significant activity in PF, blood and spleen and prevented death in mice by effectively working against KPC-producing E. coli with temocillin MICs ≤16 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alexandre
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - F Chau
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - F Guérin
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4655 (Équipe "Antibio-résistance"), F-14032 Caen, France CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, F-14033 Caen, France
| | - L Massias
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - A Lefort
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de Médecine Interne, F-92210 Clichy, France
| | - V Cattoir
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4655 (Équipe "Antibio-résistance"), F-14032 Caen, France CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, F-14033 Caen, France
| | - B Fantin
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de Médecine Interne, F-92210 Clichy, France
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Serça D, Deshmukh C, Pighini S, Oudone P, Vongkhamsao A, Guédant P, Rode W, Godon A, Chanudet V, Descloux S, Guérin F. Nam Theun 2 Reservoir four years after commissioning: significance of drawdown methane emissions and other pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/hydro/2016001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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18
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Vergne A, Guérin F, Lienhard R, Le Coustumier A, Daurel C, Isnard C, Marty N, Poyart C, Cattoir V. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Helcococcus kunzii and molecular analysis of macrolide and tetracycline resistance. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:2057-61. [PMID: 26194694 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to the recent advent of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) technology, Helcococcus kunzii is now easily identifiable and considered as an opportunistic pathogen. However, data about antimicrobial susceptibilities remain very limited. The aim of the study was, then, to assess its in vitro susceptibility to 18 antimicrobial agents and to investigate the genetic basis of macrolide and tetracycline resistance. Thirty-nine human clinical isolates of H. kunzii collected from 2008 to 2013 were studied, as well as the type strain ATCC 51366(T). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillin G, amoxicillin, cefotaxime, imipenem, gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, tigecycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, daptomycin, cotrimoxazole and rifampin were determined by the microdilution method. Screening for macrolide [erm(A) including erm(TR), erm(B), erm(C), erm(F), erm(T), erm(X), msr(A) and mef(A)] and tetracycline [tet(L), tet(M) and tet(O)] resistance genes was performed, as well as the detection of mutations in 23S rRNA. Except for one strain resistant to cefotaxime, all strains were categorised as susceptible to β-lactams, glycopeptides, linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline. Whereas ciprofloxacin and gentamicin exhibited limited activity, 95% of strains were categorised as susceptible to levofloxacin. Concerning erythromycin, a bimodal distribution was observed, with 29 'wild-type' strains (MICs from 0.25 to 2 mg/L) and 11 'resistant' strains (MICs ≥ 256 mg/L), including ten harbouring erm(TR). Two isolates exhibited acquired tetracycline resistance (MICs of 16 mg/L) by the production of tet(M). This large study on the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of H. kunzii suggests that β-lactams (especially penicillins) should be preferred for the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vergne
- Laboratoire de Biologie, CH de Cahors, Cahors, France
| | - F Guérin
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, France
| | - R Lienhard
- ADMED Microbiologie, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | | | - C Daurel
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - C Isnard
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, France
| | - N Marty
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - C Poyart
- Service de Bactériologie & CNR des Streptocoques, GH Cochin-Hôtel Dieu-Broca, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - V Cattoir
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France. .,Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, France.
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de La Blanchardière A, Dargère S, Guérin F, Daurel C, Saint-Lorant G, Verdon R, Cattoir V. Non-carbapenem therapy of urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Med Mal Infect 2015; 45:169-72. [PMID: 25845927 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We determined the prevalence of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae in urinary tract infections among inpatients, identified risk factors of acquisition, and evaluated the effectiveness of alternatives to carbapenems. METHODS The clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic data as well as the outcomes were recorded for all ESBL-E positive urine samples for three months. RESULTS Thirty-one (4%) of the 762 Enterobacteriaceae positive cultures were ESBL producers. The predisposing conditions for being infected with those strains were: immunodepression (61%), recent hospitalization (52%), recent antibiotic therapy (52%), and urinary catheterization (61%). 19% of infections were community acquired. The seven cases of acute pyelonephritis and five of prostatitis were treated with piperacillin-tazobactam (5), fluoroquinolones (4), ceftazidime (2), or carbapenems (only 1) after specialized advice. Four (33%) patients relapsed at week 10: three were immunodepressed and three presented with bacteremia. CONCLUSIONS Alternatives to carbapenems (especially piperacillin-tazobactam) seem to be a good option for non-bacteremic UTI in immunocompetent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de La Blanchardière
- Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex 9, France.
| | - S Dargère
- Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex 9, France
| | - F Guérin
- Service de microbiologie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - C Daurel
- Service de microbiologie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | | | - R Verdon
- Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex 9, France
| | - V Cattoir
- Service de microbiologie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
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Chanudet V, Guédant P, Rode W, Godon A, Guérin F, Serça D, Deshmukh C, Descloux S. Evolution of the physico-chemical water quality in the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir and downstream rivers for the first 5 years after impoundment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/hydro/2015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chanudet V, Smits J, Van Beek J, Boderie P, Guérin F, Serça D, Deshmukh C, Descloux S. Hydrodynamic and water quality 3D modelling of the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir (Lao PDR): predictions and results of scenarios related to reservoir management, hydrometeorology and nutrient input. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/hydro/2014009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pruvost O, Magne M, Boyer K, Leduc A, Tourterel C, Drevet C, Ravigné V, Gagnevin L, Guérin F, Chiroleu F, Koebnik R, Verdier V, Vernière C. A MLVA genotyping scheme for global surveillance of the citrus pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri suggests a worldwide geographical expansion of a single genetic lineage. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98129. [PMID: 24897119 PMCID: PMC4045669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MultiLocus Variable number of tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA) has been extensively used to examine epidemiological and evolutionary issues on monomorphic human pathogenic bacteria, but not on bacterial plant pathogens of agricultural importance albeit such tools would improve our understanding of their epidemiology, as well as of the history of epidemics on a global scale. Xanthomonas citri pv. citri is a quarantine organism in several countries and a major threat for the citrus industry worldwide. We screened the genomes of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strain IAPAR 306 and of phylogenetically related xanthomonads for tandem repeats. From these in silico data, an optimized MLVA scheme was developed to assess the global diversity of this monomorphic bacterium. Thirty-one minisatellite loci (MLVA-31) were selected to assess the genetic structure of 129 strains representative of the worldwide pathological and genetic diversity of X. citri pv. citri. Based on Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC), four pathotype-specific clusters were defined. DAPC cluster 1 comprised strains that were implicated in the major geographical expansion of X. citri pv. citri during the 20th century. A subset of 12 loci (MLVA-12) resolved 89% of the total diversity and matched the genetic structure revealed by MLVA-31. MLVA-12 is proposed for routine epidemiological identification of X. citri pv. citri, whereas MLVA-31 is proposed for phylogenetic and population genetics studies. MLVA-31 represents an opportunity for international X. citri pv. citri genotyping and data sharing. The MLVA-31 data generated in this study was deposited in the Xanthomonas citri genotyping database (http://www.biopred.net/MLVA/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Pruvost
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), CIRAD, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Maxime Magne
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), CIRAD, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Karine Boyer
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), CIRAD, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Alice Leduc
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), CIRAD, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Christophe Tourterel
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR Résistance des Plantes aux Bioagresseurs (RPB), IRD-CIRAD-UM2, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR 8621, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR 8621, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Christine Drevet
- Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR 8621, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR 8621, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Virginie Ravigné
- UMR Biologie et Génétiques des Interactions Plante-Parasite (BGPI), CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Gagnevin
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), CIRAD, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Fabien Guérin
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), Université de la Réunion, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Frédéric Chiroleu
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), CIRAD, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Ralf Koebnik
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR Résistance des Plantes aux Bioagresseurs (RPB), IRD-CIRAD-UM2, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Verdier
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR Résistance des Plantes aux Bioagresseurs (RPB), IRD-CIRAD-UM2, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Vernière
- UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (PVBMT), CIRAD, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
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Cornet M, De Lambert G, Guérin F, Fouquet V, Franchi-Abella S, Guettier C, Martelli H, Branchereau S. SFCP CO-73 - Tumeurs rhabdoïdes du foie : étude observationnelle de 5 cas pédiatriques. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Andrey V, De Lambert G, Moktari M, Eleni-Trolli S, Benachi A, Senat M, Branchereau S, Guérin F, Martelli H, Fouquet V. SFCP CO-51 - Prise en charge unicentrique de 60 hernies de coupole diaphragmatique. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vernière C, Bui Thi Ngoc L, Jarne P, Ravigné V, Guérin F, Gagnevin L, Le Mai N, Chau NM, Pruvost O. Highly polymorphic markers reveal the establishment of an invasive lineage of the citrus bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri in its area of origin. Environ Microbiol 2014; 16:2226-37. [PMID: 24373118 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the population biology of plant pathogens in their native areas is essential to understand the factors that shape their population structure and favour their spread. Monomorphic pathogens dispatch extremely low genetic diversity in invaded areas, and native areas constitute a major reservoir for future emerging strains. One of these, the gammaproteobacterium Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, causes Asiatic canker and is a considerable threat to citrus worldwide. We studied its population genetic structure by genotyping 555 strains from 12 Vietnam provinces at 14 tandem repeat loci and insertion sequences. Discriminant analysis of principal components identified six clusters. Five of them were composed of endemic strains distributed heterogeneously across sampled provinces. A sixth cluster, VN6, displayed a much lower diversity and a clonal expansion structure, suggesting recent epidemic spread. No differences in aggressiveness on citrus or resistance to bactericides were detected between VN6 and other strains. VN6 likely represents a case of bioinvasion following introduction in a native area likely through contaminated plant propagative material. Highly polymorphic markers are useful for revealing migration patterns of recently introduced populations of a monomorphic bacterial plant pathogen.
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Juhasz CC, Leduc A, Boyer C, Guérin F, Vernière C, Pruvost O, Wonni I, Ouedraogo L. First Report of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Causing Asiatic Citrus Canker in Burkina Faso. Plant Dis 2013; 97:1653. [PMID: 30716843 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-13-0600-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, is a bacterial disease of economic importance in tropical and sub-tropical citrus-producing areas (EPPO-PQR online database). X. citri pv. citri causes severe infection in a wide range of citrus species, and induces erumpent, callus-like lesions with water-soaked margins leading to premature fruit drop and twig dieback. It has consequently been subjected to eradication efforts and international regulations. It was first described on the African continent in South Africa at the beginning of the 20th century, from which it was eventually eradicated. Since 2006, several outbreaks caused by phylogenetically diverse strains of X. citri pv. citri have been reported from several African countries (Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, and Somalia). In July 2011, citrus canker in Burkina Faso was suspected in the area adjacent to the Sikassso Province of Mali where X. citri pv. citri has been confirmed. In November and December 2012, leaves of clementine (Citrus clementina), lemon (C. limon), Volkamer lemon (C. volkameriana), sweet orange (C. sinensis), tangelo (C. paradisi× C. reticulata), and mandarin (C. reticulata) were collected from orchards with trees showing symptoms of citrus canker in the Comoé, Houet, and Kénédougou provinces of Burkina Faso. Isolations performed using KC semi-selective medium (4) recovered 45 Xanthomonas-like strains. All Xanthomonas-like strains were tentatively identified as X. citri pv. citri by PCR (4/7 primers) using IAPAR 306 and sterile distilled water as the positive and negative controls, respectively (3). Among these, two strains (LK4-4 and LK4-5) produced a 'fuscans'-like brown diffusible pigment, a phenotype never reported previously for X. citri pv. citri. MultiLocus Sequence Analysis targeting six housekeeping genes (atpD, dnaK, efp, gltA, gyrB, and lepA) (1,2) fully identified seven strains from Burkina Faso (LJ301-1, LJ303-1, LK1-1, LK2-6, LK4-3, LK4-4, and LK4-5) as X. citri pv. citri (and not to any other Xanthomonas pathovars pathogenic to citrus or host range-restricted pathotypes of pathovar citri), and more specifically as sequence type ST2 which is composed mostly of pathotype A strains of X. citri pv. citri (2). The same seven strains were inoculated to at least four leaves of each of grapefruit cv. Henderson, Mexican lime SRA 140 (C. aurantifolia), Tahiti lime SRA 58 (C. latifolia), and sweet orange cv. Washington Navel, using a detached leaf assay (2). All strains developed typical erumpent, callus-like tissue at wound sites on all citrus species inoculated. No lesions developed on the negative control (sterile 10 mM tris buffer). Koch's postulate was fulfilled after reisolation of Xanthomonas-like yellow colonies from symptoms on Mexican lime produced by the seven strains. Boiled bacterial suspensions were assayed by PCR with 4/7 primers (3) and produced the expected 468-bp amplicon in contrast with the PCR negative control. To our knowledge, this is the first report of X. citri pv. citri in Burkina Faso. Citrus canker-free nurseries and grove sanitation should be implemented for reducing the prevalence of Asiatic canker in Burkina Faso and a thorough survey of citrus nurseries and groves in the region should be conducted. References: (1) N. F. Almeida et al. Phytopathology 100:208, 2010. (2) L. Bui Thi Ngoc et al. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 60:515, 2010. (3) J. S. Hartung et al. Phytopathology 86:95, 1996. (4) O. Pruvost et al. J. Appl. Microbiol. 99:803, 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Juhasz
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - A Leduc
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - C Boyer
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - F Guérin
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - C Vernière
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - O Pruvost
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - I Wonni
- Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - L Ouedraogo
- Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
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Arrieta-Ortiz ML, Rodríguez-R LM, Pérez-Quintero ÁL, Poulin L, Díaz AC, Arias Rojas N, Trujillo C, Restrepo Benavides M, Bart R, Boch J, Boureau T, Darrasse A, David P, Dugé de Bernonville T, Fontanilla P, Gagnevin L, Guérin F, Jacques MA, Lauber E, Lefeuvre P, Medina C, Medina E, Montenegro N, Muñoz Bodnar A, Noël LD, Ortiz Quiñones JF, Osorio D, Pardo C, Patil PB, Poussier S, Pruvost O, Robène-Soustrade I, Ryan RP, Tabima J, Urrego Morales OG, Vernière C, Carrere S, Verdier V, Szurek B, Restrepo S, López C, Koebnik R, Bernal A. Genomic survey of pathogenicity determinants and VNTR markers in the cassava bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Manihotis strain CIO151. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79704. [PMID: 24278159 PMCID: PMC3838355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) is the causal agent of bacterial blight of cassava, which is among the main components of human diet in Africa and South America. Current information about the molecular pathogenicity factors involved in the infection process of this organism is limited. Previous studies in other bacteria in this genus suggest that advanced draft genome sequences are valuable resources for molecular studies on their interaction with plants and could provide valuable tools for diagnostics and detection. Here we have generated the first manually annotated high-quality draft genome sequence of Xam strain CIO151. Its genomic structure is similar to that of other xanthomonads, especially Xanthomonas euvesicatoria and Xanthomonas citri pv. citri species. Several putative pathogenicity factors were identified, including type III effectors, cell wall-degrading enzymes and clusters encoding protein secretion systems. Specific characteristics in this genome include changes in the xanthomonadin cluster that could explain the lack of typical yellow color in all strains of this pathovar and the presence of 50 regions in the genome with atypical nucleotide composition. The genome sequence was used to predict and evaluate 22 variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) loci that were subsequently demonstrated as polymorphic in representative Xam strains. Our results demonstrate that Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis strain CIO151 possesses ten clusters of pathogenicity factors conserved within the genus Xanthomonas. We report 126 genes that are potentially unique to Xam, as well as potential horizontal transfer events in the history of the genome. The relation of these regions with virulence and pathogenicity could explain several aspects of the biology of this pathogen, including its ability to colonize both vascular and non-vascular tissues of cassava plants. A set of 16 robust, polymorphic VNTR loci will be useful to develop a multi-locus VNTR analysis scheme for epidemiological surveillance of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario L. Arrieta-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis M. Rodríguez-R
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Résistance des Plantes aux Bioaggresseurs, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Lucie Poulin
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Résistance des Plantes aux Bioaggresseurs, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana C. Díaz
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nathalia Arias Rojas
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Résistance des Plantes aux Bioaggresseurs, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Cesar Trujillo
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Rebecca Bart
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Jens Boch
- Department of Genetics, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Tristan Boureau
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR45 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR4207 Quasav, PRES L'UNAM, Beaucouzé, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Armelle Darrasse
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR45 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR4207 Quasav, PRES L'UNAM, Beaucouzé, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Perrine David
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR45 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR4207 Quasav, PRES L'UNAM, Beaucouzé, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Thomas Dugé de Bernonville
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 441, Castanet-Tolosan-Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 2594, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Paula Fontanilla
- Manihot-Biotec, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lionel Gagnevin
- Unite Mixte de Recherche Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, La Réunion, France
| | - Fabien Guérin
- Unite Mixte de Recherche Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, La Réunion, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Jacques
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR45 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR4207 Quasav, PRES L'UNAM, Beaucouzé, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lauber
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 441, Castanet-Tolosan-Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 2594, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Pierre Lefeuvre
- Unite Mixte de Recherche Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, La Réunion, France
| | - Cesar Medina
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Edgar Medina
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nathaly Montenegro
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Muñoz Bodnar
- Manihot-Biotec, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laurent D. Noël
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 441, Castanet-Tolosan-Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 2594, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Juan F. Ortiz Quiñones
- Manihot-Biotec, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniela Osorio
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Pardo
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Prabhu B. Patil
- Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Stéphane Poussier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR45 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR4207 Quasav, PRES L'UNAM, Beaucouzé, France
- Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé, France
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 441, Castanet-Tolosan-Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Pruvost
- Unite Mixte de Recherche Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, La Réunion, France
| | - Isabelle Robène-Soustrade
- Unite Mixte de Recherche Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, La Réunion, France
| | - Robert P. Ryan
- College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Javier Tabima
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar G. Urrego Morales
- Manihot-Biotec, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Christian Vernière
- Unite Mixte de Recherche Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, La Réunion, France
| | - Sébastien Carrere
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 441, Castanet-Tolosan-Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), UMR 2594, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Valérie Verdier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Résistance des Plantes aux Bioaggresseurs, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Boris Szurek
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Résistance des Plantes aux Bioaggresseurs, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Silvia Restrepo
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Camilo López
- Manihot-Biotec, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ralf Koebnik
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Résistance des Plantes aux Bioaggresseurs, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Adriana Bernal
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes (LAMFU), Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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Darrasse A, Carrère S, Barbe V, Boureau T, Arrieta-Ortiz ML, Bonneau S, Briand M, Brin C, Cociancich S, Durand K, Fouteau S, Gagnevin L, Guérin F, Guy E, Indiana A, Koebnik R, Lauber E, Munoz A, Noël LD, Pieretti I, Poussier S, Pruvost O, Robène-Soustrade I, Rott P, Royer M, Serres-Giardi L, Szurek B, van Sluys MA, Verdier V, Vernière C, Arlat M, Manceau C, Jacques MA. Genome sequence of Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans strain 4834-R reveals that flagellar motility is not a general feature of xanthomonads. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:761. [PMID: 24195767 PMCID: PMC3826837 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xanthomonads are plant-associated bacteria responsible for diseases on economically important crops. Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans (Xff) is one of the causal agents of common bacterial blight of bean. In this study, the complete genome sequence of strain Xff 4834-R was determined and compared to other Xanthomonas genome sequences. RESULTS Comparative genomics analyses revealed core characteristics shared between Xff 4834-R and other xanthomonads including chemotaxis elements, two-component systems, TonB-dependent transporters, secretion systems (from T1SS to T6SS) and multiple effectors. For instance a repertoire of 29 Type 3 Effectors (T3Es) with two Transcription Activator-Like Effectors was predicted. Mobile elements were associated with major modifications in the genome structure and gene content in comparison to other Xanthomonas genomes. Notably, a deletion of 33 kbp affects flagellum biosynthesis in Xff 4834-R. The presence of a complete flagellar cluster was assessed in a collection of more than 300 strains representing different species and pathovars of Xanthomonas. Five percent of the tested strains presented a deletion in the flagellar cluster and were non-motile. Moreover, half of the Xff strains isolated from the same epidemic than 4834-R was non-motile and this ratio was conserved in the strains colonizing the next bean seed generations. CONCLUSIONS This work describes the first genome of a Xanthomonas strain pathogenic on bean and reports the existence of non-motile xanthomonads belonging to different species and pathovars. Isolation of such Xff variants from a natural epidemic may suggest that flagellar motility is not a key function for in planta fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Darrasse
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Carrère
- INRA, LIPM UMR 441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, LIPM UMR 2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Valérie Barbe
- CEA, Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France
| | - Tristan Boureau
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Mario L Arrieta-Ortiz
- Universidad de Los Andes, Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes, Bogotá, Colombia
- current address: Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, 10003, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophie Bonneau
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Martial Briand
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Chrystelle Brin
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | | | - Karine Durand
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Stéphanie Fouteau
- CEA, Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France
| | - Lionel Gagnevin
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, F-97715, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Fabien Guérin
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, F-97715, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Endrick Guy
- INRA, LIPM UMR 441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, LIPM UMR 2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Arnaud Indiana
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Ralf Koebnik
- IRD, UMR RPB, F-34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lauber
- INRA, LIPM UMR 441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, LIPM UMR 2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Alejandra Munoz
- Universidad de Los Andes, Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología Uniandes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laurent D Noël
- INRA, LIPM UMR 441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, LIPM UMR 2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Stéphane Poussier
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, F-97715, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Olivier Pruvost
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, F-97715, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Isabelle Robène-Soustrade
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, F-97715, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Philippe Rott
- CIRAD, UMR BGPI, F-34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Monique Royer
- CIRAD, UMR BGPI, F-34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Laurana Serres-Giardi
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Boris Szurek
- IRD, UMR RPB, F-34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - Christian Vernière
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, F-97715, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Matthieu Arlat
- INRA, LIPM UMR 441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, LIPM UMR 2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR LIPM, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Charles Manceau
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
- current address: ANSES, Laboratoire de Santé des végétaux, F-49044, Angers, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Jacques
- INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49071, Beaucouzé, France
- AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, F-49045, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L’UNAM, F-49045, Angers, France
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Guérin F, Bidault V, Gonzales E, Franchi-Abella S, De Lambert G, Branchereau S. Meso-Rex bypass for extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in children. Br J Surg 2013; 100:1606-13. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Meso-Rex bypass (MRB) and portosystemic surgical shunt (PSS) are both used to treat extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) in children. The aim of this study was to analyse the outcome of MRB and PSS to select patients who could benefit from a prophylactic MRB.
Methods
This single-centre retrospective study of children who underwent either MRB or PSS for EHPVO was conducted between 1996 and 2010. Details of patient demographics and preoperative evaluation were collected. Success rates, defined as shunt patency after a minimum of 6 months and clearance of varices or symptoms, were compared. Determinants of outcomes were explored.
Results
Sixty-nine patients underwent a MRB or PSS. Median (interquartile range, i.q.r.) age at surgery was 6·6 (4·0–10·6) years. Twenty-four patients (35 per cent) had had a neonatal umbilical catheter (NUC) placed previously and 47 (68 per cent) had experienced an upper gastrointestinal bleed. Imaging assessment of the intrahepatic left portal vein was considered favourable in 40 patients. Of 43 MRBs attempted, 11 failed during surgery and four patients had persistent thrombosis after a median of 55 (i.q.r. 18–107) months. The success rate of MRB was 60 per cent (26 of 43) compared with 100 per cent (26 of 26) for PSS (P < 0·001). It was lower among patients in whom a NUC had been used (2 of 10 versus 24 of 33; P = 0·004), for procedures undertaken early in the series (6 of 16 versus 20 of 27; P = 0·020) and when the imaging pattern was unfavourable (0 of 5 versus 26 of 38; P = 0·006). On multivariable analysis, only a previous history of NUC predicted failure (P = 0·016).
Conclusion
Prophylactic MRB seems a good treatment option for EHPVO in children, but should be done only by an experienced team in patients with favourable imaging and without a previous history of NUC.
Presented in part to the 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Pediatric Surgical Association, San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 2012
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - V Bidault
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - E Gonzales
- Department of Paediatric Hepatology, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S Franchi-Abella
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - G De Lambert
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S Branchereau
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Léon A, Appourchaux A, Bourdon N, Maillard K, Guérin F, Leclercq R. Increasing frequency of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in horses infections. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hubert N, Meyer CP, Bruggemann HJ, Guérin F, Komeno RJL, Espiau B, Causse R, Williams JT, Planes S. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral-reef fishes revealed by DNA-barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e28987. [PMID: 22438862 PMCID: PMC3305298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversity in coral reef fishes is not evenly distributed and tends to accumulate in the Indo-Malay-Philippines Archipelago (IMPA). The comprehension of the mechanisms that initiated this pattern is in its infancy despite its importance for the conservation of coral reefs. Considering the IMPA either as an area of overlap or a cradle of marine biodiversity, the hypotheses proposed to account for this pattern rely on extant knowledge about taxonomy and species range distribution. The recent large-scale use of standard molecular data (DNA barcoding), however, has revealed the importance of taking into account cryptic diversity when assessing tropical biodiversity. We DNA barcoded 2276 specimens belonging to 668 coral reef fish species through a collaborative effort conducted concomitantly in both Indian and Pacific oceans to appraise the importance of cryptic diversity in species with an Indo-Pacific distribution range. Of the 141 species sampled on each side of the IMPA, 62 presented no spatial structure whereas 67 exhibited divergent lineages on each side of the IMPA with K2P distances ranging between 1% and 12%, and 12 presented several lineages with K2P distances ranging between 3% and 22%. Thus, from this initial pool of 141 nominal species with Indo-Pacific distribution, 79 dissolved into 165 biological units among which 162 were found in a single ocean. This result is consistent with the view that the IMPA accumulates diversity as a consequence of its geological history, its location on the junction between the two main tropical oceans and the presence of a land bridge during glacial times in the IMPA that fostered allopatric divergence and secondary contacts between the Indian and Pacific oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Hubert
- Laboratoire ECOMAR, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, Réunion, France.
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Pruvost O, Vernière C, Vital K, Guérin F, Jouen E, Chiroleu F, Ah-You N, Gagnevin L. Insertion sequence- and tandem repeat-based genotyping techniques for Xanthomonas citri pv. mangiferaeindicae. Phytopathology 2011; 101:887-893. [PMID: 21323466 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-10-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Molecular fingerprinting techniques that have the potential to identify or subtype bacteria at the strain level are needed for improving diagnosis and understanding of the epidemiology of pathogens such as Xanthomonas citri pv. mangiferaeindicae, which causes mango bacterial canker disease. We developed a ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction targeting the IS1595 insertion sequence as a means to differentiate pv. mangiferaeindicae from the closely related pv. anacardii (responsible for cashew bacterial spot), which has the potential to infect mango but not to cause significant disease. This technique produced weakly polymorphic fingerprints composed of ≈70 amplified fragments per strain for a worldwide collection of X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae but produced no or very weak amplification for pv. anacardii strains. Together, 12 tandem repeat markers were able to subtype X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae at the strain level, distinguishing 231 haplotypes from a worldwide collection of 299 strains. Multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA), IS1595-ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction, and amplified fragment length polymorphism showed differences in discriminatory power and were congruent in describing the diversity of this strain collection, suggesting low levels of recombination. The potential of the MLVA scheme for molecular epidemiology studies of X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pruvost
- CIRAD, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 7, chemin de l'Irat, 97410 Saint Pierre, Réunion, France.
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Agostini C, Agudelo PA, Bâ K, Barber PA, Bisol PM, Brouat C, Burgess TI, Calves I, Carrillo Avila M, Chow S, Cordes L, Da Silva D, Dalecky A, De Meester L, Doadrio I, Dobigny G, Duplantier JM, Evison SEF, Ford R, Fresneau D, Galetti PM, Gauthier P, Geldof S, Granjon L, Guérin F, St J Hardy GE, Hernandez Escobar C, Hima K, Hu J, Huang L, Humeau L, Jansen B, Jaquemet S, Jiang ZQ, Jung SJ, Kim BS, Kim CH, Kim JO, Lai CH, Laroche J, Lavergne E, Lawton-Rauh A, Le Corre M, Leach MM, Lee J, Leo AE, Lichtenzveig J, Lin L, Linde CC, Liu SF, Marino IAM, McKeown NJ, Nohara K, Oh MJ, Okamoto H, Oliver R, Olivera Angel M, Ornelas-García CP, Orsini L, Ostos Alfonso H, Othman AS, Papetti C, Patarnello T, Pedraza-Lara C, Piller KR, Poteaux C, Requier JB, Roziana MK, Semba Y, Sembene M, Shah RM, Shahril AR, Shao A, Shaw PW, Song L, Souza Ferreira R, Su YQ, Suzuki N, Tatard C, Taylor KM, Taylor PWJ, Thiam M, Valbuena R, Wang H, Yang BG, Yuan Q, Zajonz U, Zane L, Zhu L, Zhuang ZM, Zulaiha AR. Permanent genetic resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2010-30 November 2010. Mol Ecol Resour 2011; 11:418-21. [PMID: 21429157 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article documents the addition of 277 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Ascochyta rabiei, Cambarellus chapalanus, Chionodraco hamatus, Coptis omeiensis, Cynoscion nebulosus, Daphnia magna, Gerbillus nigeriae, Isurus oxyrinchus, Lates calcarifer, Metacarcinus magister, Oplegnathus fasciatus, Pachycondyla verenae, Phaethon lepturus, Pimelodus grosskopfii, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Scomberomorus niphonius, Sepia esculenta, Terapon jarbua, Teratosphaeria cryptica and Thunnus obesus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Austropotamobius italicus, Cambarellus montezumae, Cambarellus puer, Cambarellus shufeldtii, Cambarellus texanus, Chionodraco myersi, Chionodraco rastrospinosus, Coptis chinensis, Coptis chinensis var. brevisepala, Coptis deltoidea, Coptis teeta, Orconectes virilis, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Pimelodus bochii, Procambarus clarkii, Pseudopimelodus bufonius, Rhamdia quelen, Sepia andreana, Sepiella maindroni, Thunnus alalunga, Thunnus albacares, Thunnus maccoyii, Thunnus orientalis, Thunnus thynnus and Thunnus tonggol.
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Affiliation(s)
-
- Department of Biology-University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/b, Padua, Italy
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Bui TNL, Vernière C, Jarne P, Brisse S, Guérin F, Boutry S, Gagnevin L, Pruvost O. From local surveys to global surveillance: three high-throughput genotyping methods for epidemiological monitoring of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri pathotypes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:1173-84. [PMID: 19088309 PMCID: PMC2643580 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02245-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Asiatic citrus canker is a major disease worldwide, and its causal agent, Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, is listed as a quarantine organism in many countries. Analysis of the molecular epidemiology of this bacterium is hindered by a lack of molecular typing techniques suitable for surveillance and outbreak investigation. We report a comparative evaluation of three typing techniques, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, insertion sequence ligation-mediated PCR (IS-LM-PCR) typing, and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA), with 234 strains originating from Asia, the likely center of origin of the pathogen, and reference strains of pathotypes A, A*, and A(w), which differ in host range. The typing techniques were congruent in describing the diversity of this strain collection, suggesting that the evolution pattern of the bacterium may be clonal. Based on a hierarchical analysis of molecular variance, the AFLP method best described the genetic variation found among pathotypes whereas MLVA best described the variation found among individual strains from the same countries or groups of neighboring countries. IS-LM-PCR data suggested that the transposition of insertion sequences in the genome of X. citri pv. citri occurs rarely enough not to disturb the phylogenetic signal. This technique may be useful for the global surveillance of non-epidemiologically related strains. Although pathological characteristics of strains could be most often predicted from genotyping data, we report the occurrence in the Indian peninsula of strains genetically related to pathotype A* strains but with a host range similar to that of pathotype A, which makes the classification of this bacterium even more complicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Lan Bui
- CIRAD, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 7 chemin de l'Irat, 97410 Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
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Raquillet C, Guérin F, Martelli H, Goldszmidt D, Gauthier F, Wildhaber B. SFCP-P08 – Chirurgie viscérale – Avaler des aimants : un pari dangereux. Arch Pediatr 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(08)72012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Raquillet C, Guérin F, Martelli H, Goldszmidt D, Gauthier F, Wildhaber BE. [Swallowing magnets: a dangerous game. A case report]. Arch Pediatr 2008; 15:1095-8. [PMID: 18434107 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2008.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Complications related to the ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies by children represents an affirmed health hazard in the United States. In France, an alert has been announced. We report the 1st case in France. Our aim is to alert pediatricians and emergency physicians and to draw attention to the particularities of this type of foreign body. Responsible for complications is the ingestion of at least 2 magnets, or 1 magnet and a metallic foreign body, with a time interval between ingestions. In these cases, it is strongly recommended to extract the foreign bodies with endoscopy if they have not yet passed the pylorus. For those further advanced in the intestinal tract, continuous observation is warranted and surgical extraction is indicated on apparition of 1st clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Raquillet
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
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Guérin F, Gladieux P, Le Cam B. Origin and colonization history of newly virulent strains of the phytopathogenic fungus Venturia inaequalis. Fungal Genet Biol 2006; 44:284-92. [PMID: 17166752 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 10/12/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Plant resistance based on a gene-for-gene relationship tends not to be durable because virulent strains can emerge through mutation and colonize formerly resistant cultivars over large areas. Our objective was to determine the origin and colonization history of newly virulent strains of the fungus Venturia inaequalis. Four hundred and eighty-one strains from seven multi-cultivar orchards within a 300km wide area were collected from a cultivar carrying the overcome Vf-gene (Vfcv populations) and from non-Vf cultivars (nVfcv populations). Using 9 microsatellite loci, we showed that Vfcv populations were closely related though highly differentiated, indicating they have been recently founded following rare long distance dispersal events from a common origin. Assignment tests revealed that the Vfcv populations had not emerged from any of the nVfcv populations. Vfcv populations had a low diversity and were strongly differentiated from nVfcv populations several years after the first reported breakdown, suggesting reproductive isolation between the two populations.
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Guérin F, Le Cam B. Breakdown of the Scab Resistance Gene Vf in Apple Leads to a Founder Effect in Populations of the Fungal Pathogen Venturia inaequalis. Phytopathology 2004; 94:364-369. [PMID: 18944112 DOI: 10.1094/phyto.2004.94.4.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The recent breakdown of Vf, a major resistance gene to apple scab, provided an opportunity to analyze a population genetic process within the matching virulent subpopulation of the fungus Venturia inaequalis. We utilized the amplified fragment length polymorphism technique and allelic variation at four microsatellite loci to assess genetic structure of 133 isolates of V. inaequalis from a single commercial apple orchard sampled from one cultivar carrying the Vf gene (Judeline) and three cultivars devoid of the Vf gene. Both analyses indicated a strong decrease of the genetic diversity among isolates from the Vf cultivar compared with the high level of diversity among isolates from the three other cultivars. This leads to a high genetic differentiation between virVf and avrVf groups (F(ST) > 0.17). Analyses of the genetic distance between AFLP patterns based on the Jaccard index indicate that all virVf isolates could be assigned to a single clonal lineage. These results lead us to conclude that the clonal structure of the population isolated from the Vf cultivar is an example of a founder effect in response to a resistance gene breakdown and it is likely that this event occurred in the orchard during the sampling year.
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Bolot P, Guérin F, Bolie S, Saillant A, Castel C, Denavit MF, Benbrik N, Alissa K, Séaume H, Ropert JC, de Gennes C, de Mongolfier I, Boissinot C, Guillot F, Zupan-Simunek V. [Organization of patient management in level II centers in the Paris area: a prospective survey]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 2003; 32:1S106-10. [PMID: 12592173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia is a common emergency for both obstetricians and pediatricians. A prospective study was conducted in 14 maternity hospitals (type II centres) in the Paris suburbs in order to assess pediatric activity and neonatal morbidity associated with supposed perinatal asphyxia in term newborns. Pediatricians were called in at birth very frequently: 1/20 deliveries. Intubation and/or resuscitation procedures were needed in 20% of cases and 20% of infants were referred to a neonatal unit for birth asphyxia or associated pathology. Moderate encephalopathy was observed in 1.5% of all term newborns who needed medical intervention for supposed birth asphyxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bolot
- Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Robert-Ballanger, 93602 Aulnay-sous-Bois Cedex
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Kickham JE, Guérin F, Stewart JC, Stephan DW. Five-Coordinate Carbides in Ti-Al-C Complexes Financial support from NSERC of Canada and Nova Chemicals Corporation is gratefully acknowledged. F.G. is grateful for the award of an NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000; 39:3263-3266. [PMID: 11028071 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20000915)39:18<3263::aid-anie3263>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JE Kickham
- School of Physical Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Windsor Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4 (Canada)
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- School of Physical Sciences Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Windsor Windsor, ON, N9P 3P4 (Canada)
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Abstract
All three C-H bonds of a methyl group are activated in the reaction of [Cp(iPr(3)PN)Ti(SR)(2)] with AlMe(3) [Eq. (1)]. The Ti-Al-carbide clusters formed contain a severely distorted tetrahedral carbide carbon atom with a relatively short bond to Ti, which is attributed to a relative increase in the Lewis acidity of the Ti center as a result of the interaction of the S and N donors with Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- School of Physical Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Ontario, N9P 3P4 (Canada)
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Abstract
This critical review examines constructional apraxia from a cognitive neuropsychological perspective. To our knowledge, van Sommers (1989) is the only researcher to present a global cognitive model of drawing abilities. He organizes it into two hierarchical systems: Marr's model of visual perception and a graphic production system. The latter comprises four hierarchically organized components: depiction decisions, production strategy, contingent planning, and articulatory and economic constraints. Van Sommers' model will be discussed in light of other models and on the basis of empirical neuropsychological studies (Farah, 1984; Kosslyn & Koenig, 1992; Roncato, Sartori, Masterson, & Rumiati, 1987; van Sommers, 1989). We find that: (1) the Kosslyn and Koenig visual perception model describes more accurately the perceptual components underlying copying than the visual perception system of van Sommers' drawing model, (2) Van Sommers' arguments in favor of a depiction processing as opposed to visual imagery are not convincing, (3) Van Sommers' assumption that a production strategy is a component is unclear, and (4) articulatory and economic constraints are not cognitive components, but constraints imposed during action programming. This literature review leads to a discussion of future research topics and the specificity of constructional apraxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
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Hodara M, Bonithon-Kopp C, Courbon D, Guérin F, Richard J. [Extra-coronary atherosclerosis in documented coronary patients]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1998; 91:201-7. [PMID: 9749246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of extracoronary atherosclerosis in 728 patients (572 men and 156 women; average age 59 years) referred for coronary angiography and who had a history of coronary disease for at least 2 years, were assessed by ultrasonography. This population was divided into 3 groups: Group I, 115 patients without lesions at coronary angiography: Group II, 76 patients with mild coronary stenosis ang Group III, 537 patients with at least one severe coronary artery stenosis, a group which included 294 cases of single vessel disease. The authors observed a strong correlation between the presence, severity and diffusion of the coronary artery disease and ultra sonographic signs of peripheral arterial disease: the frequency increased regularly from 45% in Group I to 88% in patients with triple vessel disease in Group III. About two thirds of patients in Group III had carotid or lower limb atherosclerosis and half of them had atherosclerosis or aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Severe peripheral lesions were not common but all the aortic aneurysms were observed in Group III. Similarly, simultaneous disease in all three peripheral arterial territories ranged from 12% in Group I to 51% in Group III. The risk of finding peripheral arterial disease was increased in patients with coronary artery disease compared with normal subjects. For each peripheral localisation, the risk was two-fold in cases of mild coronary disease and three or four-fold in patients with triple vessel disease in whom the risk of finding at least one severe peripheral lesion was multiplied by ten. The authors conclude that the prevalence and severity of ultrasonographic peripheral atherosclerosis in documented coronary patients was closely related to the presence, severity and diffusion of the coronary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hodara
- Service des maladies cardiovasculaires, hôpital Cochin, Paris
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Guillard N, Spaulding C, Funck F, Py A, Chalet Y, Thebault B, Chauveau M, Guérin F. [Coronary angiography by left radial approach. A bi-center prospective pilot study]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1997; 90:1349-55. [PMID: 9539834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the feasibility, safety and quality of coronary angiography performed by a left radial arterial approach. The investigation was performed under local anesthesia with a Lidocaine gel using Judkins 5f catheter. A bolus of heparin was injected intravenously at the start of the procedure (no heparin in phase 0.2 to 3.000 IU during phase 1 and 5.000 IU in phase 2). Between March 1994 and January 1996, after exclusion of 108 patients (15.1%) mainly because of an abnormal Allen test, coronary angiography was carried out in 540 patients aged 58.4 +/- 11.7 years, 85% of whom were men. The failure rate was 8%. The quality of opacification of the left coronary artery (scale 1 to 3) was 2.91 +/- 0.27 and of the right coronary artery was 2.96 +/- 0.18. There were no complications during the procedure. Analysis of the learning curve showed a failure rate decreasing to less than 5% after 60 procedures/operator. In the last 100 procedures, the failure rate fell to 3%, the canulation time was 2.2 +/- 2.5 min, the duration of fluoroscopy was 6.5 +/- 3.9 min and the duration of the procedure was 17.5 +/- 4.7 min (14.7 +/- 3.8 min, p < 0.01, by the femoral approach). Clinical and Doppler ultrasonographic follow-up revealed one in-hospital complication (a spontaneously regressive compressive haematoma). No clinical complications were observed at 3 months. Doppler ultrasonography showed the radial artery occlusion rate to be 71% in phase 0.32% in phase 1 and 3.2% in phase 2 (p < 0.0001). These results show that the left radial arterial approach for coronary angiography is safe and effective but requires a period of training. A 5.000 IU dose of heparin limits the risk of radial artery occlusion to 3%. The absence of complications in this large series which included the training period and the patient comfort suggest that this technique may be an excellent alternative to the femoral approach and especially the brachial approach when the Allen test is normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Guillard
- Service de cardiologie hôpital R. Dubos, Pontoise
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Guérin Y, Spaulding C, Desnos M, Funck F, Rahal S, Py A, Besse B, Tsocanakis O, Guérin F, Guérot C. Rotational atherectomy with adjunctive balloon angioplasty versus conventional percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in type B2 lesions: results of a randomized study. Am Heart J 1996; 131:879-83. [PMID: 8615305 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8703(96)90168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A randomized pilot study was performed comparing conventional balloon angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty [PTCA] group) and rotational atherectomy (RA) with a medium size burr (50% to 70% burr/artery ratio) with systematic adjunctive balloon angioplasty (RA group) in type B2 stenosis. A total of 64 patients were included. Primary success was 93.7% in the RA group and 87.5% in the PTCA group (p = NS). Technical failure with no complication occurred once in each group. Acute complications occurred in three patients in the PTCA group and in one in the RA group. Angiographic restenosis rates were similar (RA group: 39%, PTCA group: 42%, p = NS) with a follow-up rate of 93%. In type B2 lesions, when compared with conventional angioplasty, RA with systematic balloon angioplasty does not seem to increase procedural success, and the restenosis rate remains comparable. However, these results must be confirmed in a larger series of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guérin
- Cardiology Department, Boucicaut Hospital, Paris, France
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Abstract
Among 138 patients treated with coronary angioplasty during acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 35 (25%) had stent implantation. Mean age was 56 years and 83% were men. Mean onset of chest pain was 6.0 +/- 5.3 hours, and previous thrombolytic therapy was given to 10 patients (29%). Infarct location was anterior in 19 (54%), inferior in 14 (40%), and lateral in 2 patients (6%). Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction trial flows 0,1, and 2 were seen in 24 (69%), 6 (17%), and 5 patients (14%), respectively. The culprit vessel was the left anterior descending artery in 18 (51%), right coronary artery in 14 (40%), left circumflex in 2 (6%), and left main coronary artery in 1 patient (3%). Mean vessel diameter was 3.3 +/- 0.3 mm. Indications were: primary in 5 (14%), suboptimal result in 8 (23%), nonocclusive dissection in 14 (40%), and occlusive dissection in 8 patients (23%). Angiographic thrombus after initial angioplasty was present in 12 patients (34%). A total of 46 stents were implanted; mean balloon diameter and pressure were 3.4 +/- 0.4 mm and 15.5 +/- 2.2 atm, respectively. Residual diameter stenosis was 4 +/- 7%. There were 2 deaths; sudden 1, and after elective coronary artery bypass grafting in the other; 2 patients (6%) had groin hematomas. Mean hospitalization was 9.9 +/- 5.0 days. Repeat angiography revealed no stent occlusion. With initial intravenous heparin for 3 to 7 days, all patients received aspirin and ticlopidine for 1 month. Thus, AMI is not a contraindication for stent implantation. The benefits of stenting are a high success rte, low residual diameter stenosis, and low incidence of in-hospital recurrent ischemia. Reduction in restenosis rate in this setting is likely but remains to be determined.
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