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Bernard A, Marrano A, Donkpegan A, Brown PJ, Leslie CA, Neale DB, Lheureux F, Dirlewanger E. Association and linkage mapping to unravel genetic architecture of phenological traits and lateral bearing in Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:203. [PMID: 32131731 PMCID: PMC7057608 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unravelling the genetic architecture of agronomic traits in walnut such as budbreak date and bearing habit, is crucial for climate change adaptation and yield improvement. A Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) using multi-locus models was conducted in a panel of 170 walnut accessions genotyped using the Axiom™ J. regia 700 K SNP array, with phenological data from 2018, 2019 and legacy data. These accessions come from the INRAE walnut germplasm collection which is the result of important prospecting work performed in many countries around the world. In parallel, an F1 progeny of 78 individuals segregating for phenology-related traits, was genotyped with the same array and phenotyped for the same traits, to construct linkage maps and perform Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) detection. RESULTS Using GWAS, we found strong associations of SNPs located at the beginning of chromosome 1 with both budbreak and female flowering dates. These findings were supported by QTLs detected in the same genomic region. Highly significant associated SNPs were also detected using GWAS for heterodichogamy and lateral bearing habit, both on chromosome 11. We developed a Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) marker for budbreak date in walnut, and validated it using plant material from the Walnut Improvement Program of the University of California, Davis, demonstrating its effectiveness for marker-assisted selection in Persian walnut. We found several candidate genes involved in flowering events in walnut, including a gene related to heterodichogamy encoding a sugar catabolism enzyme and a cell division related gene linked to female flowering date. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances knowledge of the genetic architecture of important agronomic traits related to male and female flowering processes and lateral bearing in walnut. The new marker available for budbreak date, one of the most important traits for good fruiting, will facilitate the selection and development of new walnut cultivars suitable for specific climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bernard
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR BFP, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- CTIFL, centre opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130, Prigonrieux, France
| | - Annarita Marrano
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Armel Donkpegan
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR BFP, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Patrick J Brown
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Charles A Leslie
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - David B Neale
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Fabrice Lheureux
- CTIFL, centre opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130, Prigonrieux, France
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Bernard A, Hamdy S, Le Corre L, Dirlewanger E, Lheureux F. 3D characterization of walnut morphological traits using X-ray computed tomography. Plant Methods 2020; 16:115. [PMID: 32863852 PMCID: PMC7449096 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walnuts are grown worldwide in temperate areas and producers are facing an increasing demand. In a climate change context, the industry also needs cultivars that provide fruits of quality. This quality includes satisfactory filling ratio, thicker shell, ease of cracking, smooth shell and round-shaped walnut, and larger nut size. These desirable traits have been analysed so far using calipers or micrometers, but it takes a lot of time and requires the destruction of the sample. A challenge to take up is to develop an accurate, fast and non-destructive method for quality-related and morphometric trait measurements of walnuts, that are used to characterize new cultivars or collections in any germplasm management process. RESULTS In this study, we develop a method to measure different morphological traits on several walnuts simultaneously such as morphometric traits (nut length, nut face and profile diameters), traits that previously required opening the nut (shell thickness, kernel volume and filling kernel/nut ratio) and traits that previously were difficult to quantify (shell rugosity, nut sphericity, nut surface area and nut shape). These measurements were obtained from reconstructed 3D images acquired by X-ray computed tomography (CT). A workflow was created including several steps: noise elimination, walnut individualization, properties extraction and quantification of the different parts of the fruit. This method was applied to characterize 50 walnuts of a part of the INRAE walnut germplasm collection made of 161 unique accessions, obtained from the 2018 harvest. Our results indicate that 50 walnuts are sufficient to phenotype the fruit quality of one accession using X-ray CT and to find correlations between the morphometric traits. Our imaging workflow is suitable for any walnut size or shape and provides new and more accurate measurements. CONCLUSIONS The fast and accurate measurement of quantitative traits is of utmost importance to conduct quantitative genetic analyses or cultivar characterization. Our imaging workflow is well adapted for accurate phenotypic characterization of a various range of traits and could be easily applied to other important nut crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bernard
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- CTIFL, centre opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130 Prigonrieux, France
| | | | | | - Elisabeth Dirlewanger
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Fabrice Lheureux
- CTIFL, centre opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130 Prigonrieux, France
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Bernard A, Crabier J, Donkpegan ASL, Marrano A, Lheureux F, Dirlewanger E. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Fruit Trait Variation in Persian Walnut ( Juglans regia L.). Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:607213. [PMID: 33584750 PMCID: PMC7873874 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.607213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the genetic determinants of fruit quality traits in walnut is essential to breed new cultivars meeting the producers and consumers' needs. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using multi-locus models in a panel of 170 accessions of Juglans regia from the INRAE walnut germplasm collection, previously genotyped using the AxiomTM J. regia 700K SNP array. We phenotyped the panel for 25 fruit traits related to morphometrics, shape, volume, weight, ease of cracking, and nutritional composition. We found more than 60 marker-trait associations (MTAs), including a highly significant SNP associated with nut face diameter, nut volume and kernel volume on chromosome 14, and 5 additional associations were detected for walnut weight. We proposed several candidate genes involved in nut characteristics, such as a gene coding for a beta-galactosidase linked to several size-related traits and known to be involved in fruit development in other species. We also confirmed associations on chromosomes 5 and 11 with nut suture strength, recently reported by the University of California, Davis. Our results enhance knowledge of the genetic control of important agronomic traits related to fruit quality in walnut, and pave the way for the development of molecular markers for future assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bernard
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- CTIFL, Centre Opérationnel de Lanxade, Prigonrieux, France
| | - Julie Crabier
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Armel S. L. Donkpegan
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Annarita Marrano
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Elisabeth Dirlewanger
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Elisabeth Dirlewanger,
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Bernard A, Barreneche T, Delmas M, Durand S, Pommier C, Lheureux F, Tranchand E, Naudin M, Dirlewanger E. The walnut genetic resources of INRA: chronological phenotypic data and ontology. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:662. [PMID: 31623654 PMCID: PMC6798330 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.), the walnut species cultivated for nut production, is grown worldwide in temperate areas. In this work, chronological phenotypic data have been collected regarding a part of the walnut genetic resources of the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) of Bordeaux. Using a well described ontology, these data have been collected in order to assess the phenotypic variations among the accessions, and to better manage the germplasm collection. These data can also be helpful for any breeding program as they provide a clear phenotypic characterization of the main cultivars. DATA DESCRIPTION This paper introduces a dataset collected for 150 J. regia accessions for a period from 1965 to 2016, and for 3 observation sites, released as comma separated value spreadsheet. It includes observations about phenological traits (e.g. flowering dates), traits related to in-shell walnut (e.g. weight and size), and traits related to kernel (e.g. color). It can be used by other researchers particularly for multi-site phenological studies in the context of climate change since climate data files are also available. In addition, a complete walnut ontology was deposited in this repository and can assist to standardize the management of any walnut germplasm collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bernard
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Ctifl, centre opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130 Prigonrieux, France
| | - Teresa Barreneche
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | - Sophie Durand
- URGI, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Cyril Pommier
- URGI, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Fabrice Lheureux
- Ctifl, centre opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130 Prigonrieux, France
| | - Eloïse Tranchand
- Station expérimentale de la noix de Creysse, 46600 Creysse, France
| | - Marianne Naudin
- Station d’expérimentation nucicole en Rhône-Alpes, 38160 Chatte, France
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Bernard A, Barreneche T, Lheureux F, Dirlewanger E. Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a worldwide walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using SSR markers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208021. [PMID: 30481202 PMCID: PMC6258541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Persian or English walnut (Juglans regia L.), the walnut species cultivated for nut production, is one of the oldest food sources known and is grown worldwide in temperate areas. France is the 7th leading producer as of 2016 with 39 kt. Deciphering walnut genetic diversity and structure is important for efficient management and use of genetic resources. In this work, 253 worldwide accessions from the INRA walnut germplasm collection, containing English walnut and several related species, were genotyped using 13 SSR (Single Sequence Repeat) markers selected from the literature to assess diversity and structure. Genetic diversity parameters showed a deficiency of heterozygotes and, for several SSRs, allele-specificities among the accessions tested. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed the 253 accessions clustered in largely in agreement with the existing botanical classification of the genus. Among the 217 J. regia accessions, two main clusters, accessions from Eastern Europe and Asia, and accessions from Western Europe and America, were identified using STRUCTURE software. This was confirmed by Principal Coordinate Analysis and supported by Neighbor-Joining tree construction using DARwin software. Moreover, a substructure was found within the two clusters, mainly according to geographical origin. A core collection containing 50 accessions was selected using the maximum length sub-tree method and prior knowledge about their phenotype. The present study constitutes a preliminary population genetics overview of INRA walnut genetic resources collection using SSR markers. The resulting estimations of genetic diversity and structure are useful for germplasm management and for future walnut breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bernard
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Ctifl, centre opérationnel de Lanxade, Prigonrieux, France
| | - Teresa Barreneche
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Lo Monaco G, Lheureux F, Chianèse L, Codaccioni C, Halimi-Falkowicz S, Cano P. Le rôle du contexte d’expression et du statut social des intervenants de santé dans la production d’un discours normatif : le cas de la relation des jeunes à l’alcool. PRAT PSYCHOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gayral P, Noa-Carrazana JC, Lescot M, Lheureux F, Lockhart BEL, Matsumoto T, Piffanelli P, Iskra-Caruana ML. A single Banana streak virus integration event in the banana genome as the origin of infectious endogenous pararetrovirus. J Virol 2008; 82:6697-710. [PMID: 18417582 PMCID: PMC2447048 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00212-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequencing of plant nuclear genomes reveals the widespread presence of integrated viral sequences known as endogenous pararetroviruses (EPRVs). Banana is one of the three plant species known to harbor infectious EPRVs. Musa balbisiana carries integrated copies of Banana streak virus (BSV), which are infectious by releasing virions in interspecific hybrids. Here, we analyze the organization of the EPRV of BSV Goldfinger (BSGfV) present in the wild diploid M. balbisiana cv. Pisang Klutuk Wulung (PKW) revealed by the study of Musa bacterial artificial chromosome resources and interspecific genetic cross. cv. PKW contains two similar EPRVs of BSGfV. Genotyping of these integrants and studies of their segregation pattern show an allelic insertion. Despite the fact that integrated BSGfV has undergone extensive rearrangement, both EPRVs contain the full-length viral genome. The high degree of sequence conservation between the integrated and episomal form of the virus indicates a recent integration event; however, only one allele is infectious. Analysis of BSGfV EPRV segregation among an F1 population from an interspecific genetic cross revealed that these EPRV sequences correspond to two alleles originating from a single integration event. We describe here for the first time the full genomic and genetic organization of the two EPRVs of BSGfV present in cv. PKW in response to the challenge facing both scientists and breeders to identify and generate genetic resources free from BSV. We discuss the consequences of this unique host-pathogen interaction in terms of genetic and genomic plant defenses versus strategies of infectious BSGfV EPRVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Gayral
- CIRAD BIOS, UMR BGPI, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-54/K, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Lheureux F, Laboureau N, Muller E, Lockhart BEL, Iskra-Caruana ML. Molecular characterization of banana streak acuminata Vietnam virus isolated from Musa acuminata siamea (banana cultivar). Arch Virol 2007; 152:1409-16. [PMID: 17431738 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-007-0946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2006] [Accepted: 01/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An isolate of banana streak virus (BSV) that does not also occur as an integrant in the Musa balbisiana genome was sought in order to investigate the biological role of BSV in the evolution of either the Musa genome or of the virus itself. We isolated BSV virions from a Musa acuminata siamea accession from Vietnam and sequenced the entire viral genome. The molecular organization is similar to that described for other BSV but slightly larger (7801 bp vs. 1611-7568 bp), and ORF I has a non-conventional start codon. This genome was sufficiently different to propose it as a member of a distinct species named Banana streak virus strain acuminata Vietnam (BSAcVNV).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lheureux
- CIRAD/UMR BGPI TA A54/K, Montpellier, France
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Safár J, Noa-Carrazana JC, Vrána J, Bartos J, Alkhimova O, Sabau X, Simková H, Lheureux F, Caruana ML, Dolezel J, Piffanelli P. Creation of a BAC resource to study the structure and evolution of the banana (Musa balbisiana) genome. Genome 2005; 47:1182-91. [PMID: 15644977 DOI: 10.1139/g04-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The first bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of the banana species Musa balbisiana 'Pisang Klutuk Wulung' (PKW BAC library) was constructed and characterized. One improved and one novel protocol for nuclei isolation were employed to overcome problems caused by high levels of polyphenols and polysaccharides present in leaf tissues. The use of flow cytometry to purify cell nuclei eliminated contamination with secondary metabolites and plastid DNA. Furthermore, the usefulness of the inducible pCC1BAC vector to obtain a higher amount of BAC DNA was demonstrated. The PKW BAC library represents nine haploid genome equivalents of M. balbisiana and its mean insert size is 135 kb. It consists of two sublibraries, of which the first one (SN sublibrary with 24,960 clones) was prepared according to an improved standard nuclei isolation protocol, whereas the second (FN sublibrary with 11,904 clones) was obtained from flow-sorted nuclei. Screening with 12 RFLP probes, which were genetically anchored to 8 genetic linkage groups of the banana species Musa acuminata, revealed an average of 11 BAC clones per probe, thus confirming the genome coverage estimated based on the insert size, as well as a high level of conservation between the two species of Musa. Localization of selected BAC clones to mitotic chromosomes using FISH indicated that the BAC library represented a useful resource for cytogenetic mapping. As the first step in map-based cloning of a genetic factor that is involved in the activation of integrated pararetroviral sequences of Banana streak virus (BSV), the BSV expressed locus (BEL) was physically delimited. The PKW BAC library represents a publicly available tool, and is currently used to reveal the integration and activation mechanisms of BSV sequences and to study banana genome structure and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Safár
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Cytometry, Institute of Experimental Botany, Sokolovská 6, CZ-77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Lheureux F, Carreel F, Jenny C, Lockhart BEL, Iskra-Caruana ML. Identification of genetic markers linked to banana streak disease expression in inter-specific Musa hybrids. Theor Appl Genet 2003; 106:594-598. [PMID: 12595986 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-002-1077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2002] [Accepted: 05/24/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently-introduced inter-specific Musa hybrids, bred for improved yield and resistance to diseases, have been found to be widely infected with banana streak virus (BSV), the causal agent of banana streak disease (BSD). One hypothesis suggests: (1) that BSD occurrence in these inter-specific hybrids results from activation of BSV-Ol endogenous pararetrovirus sequences (EPRV) integrated into the Musa genome rather than from external sources of infection, and (2) that the process of genetic hybridisation may be one factor involved in triggering episomal expression of the BSV integrants. In order to test this hypothesis we carried out a genetic analysis of BSD incidence in a F1 triploid ( Musa AAB) population produced by inter-specific hybridisation between virus and disease-free diploid Musa balbisiana (BB) and tetraploid Musa acuminata (AAAA) parents. Half of the F1 progeny of this cross expressed BSV particles. Using PCR amplification to determine the presence or absence of BSV-Ol EPRVs, it was determined that this endogenous sequence was specific to the M. babisiana genome and occurred in a homozygous state. Using bulk segregant analysis, ten AFLP markers co-segregating with the absence and/or presence of BSV infection were identified in the M. balbisiana genome, but were absent from the M. acuminata genome. Seven of these markers segregated with the presence of a BSV particle and three with the absence of BSV particles. Analysis of the segregation of these markers using a test-cross configuration allowed the construction of a genetic map of the linkage group containing the locus associated with BSV infection in the F1 hybrid population. These data indicate that a genetic mechanism is involved in BSV appearance, and suggest that a monogenic allelic system confers the role of carrier to the M. balbisiana parent.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lheureux
- CIRAD-AMIS, UMR BGPI TA 40/02 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Abstract
The use of anticancer drugs in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer patients frequently results in the emergence of drug resistant tumors. Selection of tumor cell lines in vitro has led to the identification of several proteins that mediate drug resistance to anticancer drugs. In this study, an immuno-dot blot method was used to isolate a monoclonal antibody (IPM96) which recognized a 40 kDa protein (or P-40) co-expressed with P-glycoprotein and MRP in several multidrug resistant cell lines (MCF-7/Adr, SKOV/VLB1.0, H69/Adr, and HL60/AR). Furthermore, P-40 levels dropped significantly in one revertant cell line (H69/PR) derived from H69/AR cells. Interestingly, the expression of P-40 was also higher in two tumor cell lines (SKTax6a and A2780CP) that were selected with paclitaxel or cisplatin but do not express P-gp or MRP. Immuno-fluorescence staining of cells with IPM96 showed both membrane and cytoplasmic staining. These results were confirmed by Western blot analysis of different subcellular fractions from MCF-7/Adr cells. The membrane bound P-40 was resistant to extraction with high salt, chelating agents, and denaturing agents, but was solubilized with 10 mM CHAPS. Taken together, the overexpression of P-40 in multidrug resistant cells has not been previously determined and therefore could be important in the expression of the drug resistance phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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Liu Z, Lheureux F, Pouliot JF, Heckel A, Bamberger U, Georges E. BIBW22 BS, potent multidrug resistance-reversing agent, binds directly to P-glycoprotein and accumulates in drug-resistant cells. Mol Pharmacol 1996; 50:482-92. [PMID: 8794885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in tumor cells causes a multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. P-gp has been shown to mediate the transport of structurally dissimilar drugs across the cell membrane in an energy-dependent manner. In this report, we show that BIBW22 BS, a phenylpteridine analog, reverses the MDR phenotype of CEM human lymphoma cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Using a photoactive analog of BIBW22 BS {[3H]azido-4-[N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-ethanolamino]-2, 7-bis(cis-2,6-dimethyl-morpholino)-6-phenylpteridine}, we show the photoaffinity labeling of a 170-kDa protein in drug-resistant cells immunoprecipitated with P-gp-specific monoclonal antibodies. The photolabeling of P-gp by [3H]azido-BIBW22 BS was specific and saturable. Furthermore, BIBW22 BS, vinblastine, and verapamil, but not colchicine, inhibited the photolabeling of P-gp by [3H]azido-BIBW22 BS. Drug binding studies showed that membranes from MDR cells bound more BIBW22 BS than parental drug-sensitive cells, and this binding was inhibited with vinblastine and, to a lesser extent, with uridine. However, drug transport studies demonstrated that BIBW22 BS is not a substrate for P-gp efflux pump. Interestingly, BIBW22 BS was shown to accumulate more in resistant cells. Also, BIBW22 BS accumulation in drug-sensitive and -resistant cells was not energy dependent. These results are in contrast with the observed decrease in accumulation or enhanced efflux of [3H]vinblastine seen in the same MDR cells. A comparison of [3H]azido-BIBW22 BS or [3H]azidopine photolabeled P-gp by Cleveland mapping with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease showed differences in the photolabeled peptides. Taken together, the results of this study show that BIBW22 BS is a potent MDR-reversing agent that binds directly to P-gp but is not effluxed from drug-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
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