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Osaili TM, Al-Nabulsi AA, Hasan F, Dhanasekaran DK, Cheikh Ismail L, Naja F, Radwan H, Olaimat AN, Ayyash M, Ali A, Obaid RS, Holley R. Role of marination, natural antimicrobial compounds, and packaging on microbiota during storage of chicken tawook. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103687. [PMID: 38593547 PMCID: PMC11016785 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of marination, natural antimicrobials, and packaging on the microbial population of chicken tawook during storage at 4°C. Chicken meat was cut into 10 g cubes and marinated. The chicken was then mixed individually with 0.5% or 1% (w/v) vanillin (VA), β-resorcylic acid (BR), or eugenol (EU), and stored under aerobic (AP) or vacuum (VP) packing at 4°C for 7 d. The marinade decreased microbial growth as monitored by total plate count, yeast and mold, lactic acid bacteria, and Pseudomonas spp. by about 1 log cfu/g under AP. The combination of marinade and antimicrobials under AP and VP decreased growth of spoilage-causing microorganisms by 1.5 to 4.8 and 2.3 to 4.6 log cfu/g, respectively. Change in pH in VP meat was less than 0.5 in all treated samples including the control. Marination decreased the lightness of the meat (L*) and significantly (p < 0.05) increased the redness (A*) and yellowness (B*). Overall acceptability was highest for marinated samples with 0.5% BR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Anas A Al-Nabulsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinesh K Dhanasekaran
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amin N Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arisha Ali
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard Holley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
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Osaili TM, Hasan F, Dhanasekaran DK, Arasudeen A, Cheikh Ismail L, Hasan H, Hashim M, Faris MAE, Radwan H, Naja F, Savvaidis IN, Obaid RS, Holley R. Preservative effect of pomegranate-based marination with β-resorcylic acid and cinnamaldehyde on the microbial quality of chicken liver. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103285. [PMID: 38043408 PMCID: PMC10730376 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chicken liver is considered a delicacy in the Middle East where pomegranate molass is commonly used as a salad dressing and in marinade recipes. Marinated chicken liver is a common entrée and represents a value-added product compared to the otherwise unmarinated liver which commands a lower price. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of a pomegranate-based marinade alone or following the addition of cinnamaldehyde or β-resorcylic acid on the spoilage microorganisms present in chicken liver during storage for 14 d at 4°C or under mild temperature abuse conditions (10°C). The pH and microbial populations of total plate count (TPC), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Pseudomonas spp. (PS), yeast and mold (YM), and Enterobacteriaceae (EN) were tested during the storage period and the shelf life was determined (defined as 107 log cfu/g). Sensory analysis was also conducted. The pH increased by a greater extent in unmarinated samples as compared to marinated samples (with or without antimicrobials) upon storage. The initial TPC, LAB, PS, YM, and EN microbial populations in the chicken liver were 3.85 ± 0.79, 3.73 ± 0.85, 3.85 ± 0.79, 3.73 ± 0.87, and 3.69 ± 0.23 log cfu/g, respectively. The marinade decreased the microbial populations by 2 to 4 log cfu/g. The marinade and antimicrobial mixture decreased the microbial populations by 3 to 4 log cfu/g. Except for 1 sample, none of the marinated chicken liver samples with or without antimicrobials reached the end of shelf life even up to 14 d of storage at both 4°C and 10°C. The overall sensory score was rated around 6/9 for the treated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinesh K Dhanasekaran
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azeema Arasudeen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mona Hashim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moez AlIslam Ezzat Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ioannis N Savvaidis
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard Holley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Khan MA, Khan SA, Annadurai K, Parajuli SB, Ahmed WN, Altamimi S, Ashok T, Shah D, Sayyad Y, Dubey A, Tariq A, Riyaz R, Hasan F, Amiri S, Faris M. Determinants of body weight changes during Ramadan fasting in India amid COVID-19: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37040. [PMID: 38277572 PMCID: PMC10817079 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) presents unique challenges and opportunities for public health and clinical practice, especially in populations with a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases. This study aims to investigate the impact of RIF on weight change among Indian Muslims and explore the associated demographic, dietary, and behavioral factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of Indian Muslim adults who observed RIF. Participants were asked to report their demographic information, family and personal health history, and dietary and lifestyle behaviors before and during Ramadan month. The primary outcome was body weight change, with secondary outcomes including changes in dietary patterns, physical activity, and other health-related lifestyle behaviors. The study found that during Ramadan, nearly half of the participants (48.5%) self-reported a retained initial weight, while a significant fraction (30.9%) self-reported a modest weight reduction between 0.5 to 2.5 kg at the end of Ramadan. Additionally, self-reported eating practices demonstrated moderately altered by about half (48.4%) of the study participants, with 32.2% reporting minor changes and 8.2% indicating substantial changes. An urban residence was associated with a higher likelihood of weight gain, where urban residents showed 3 times the odds of increased weight compared to rural inhabitants. Employment status emerged as a significant determinant for weight fluctuation, influencing both weight gain and loss. During Ramadan, there was a significant rise in snacking frequency, increasing from 21.7% to 32.6% in comparison with pre-Ramadan. The consumption of large quantities of food more frequently grew from 14.9% to 36%, and the incidence of eating despite not being hungry went up from 17.4% to 33.2%. The study demonstrates that RIF is associated with variable changes in body weight among adult Indian Muslims, influenced by urbanization, employment status, and dietary changes. The findings suggest that clinicians should provide tailored advice about body weight regulation during Ramadan and consider integrating community-based health initiatives within religious settings to improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moien A.B. Khan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Primary Care, NHS North West London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kalaivani Annadurai
- Bhaarath Medical College & Hospital, Chennai, BIHER University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Surya Bahadur Parajuli
- Department of Community Medicine, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal
| | | | - Saoud Altamimi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | | | | | - Ashish Dubey
- Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Abdullah Tariq
- Indian Institute of Medical Science and Research, Warudi, Maharashtra, India
| | - Romana Riyaz
- Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Sohrab Amiri
- Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moezalislam Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Osaili TM, Hasan F, Al-Nabulsi AA, Olaimat AN, Ayyash M, Obaid RS, Holley R. A worldwide review of illness outbreaks involving mixed salads/dressings and factors influencing product safety and shelf life. Food Microbiol 2023; 112:104238. [PMID: 36906321 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The trends toward healthy living, vegetarianism, and busy schedules have increased salad popularity. Salads are usually consumed raw without any thermal treatment, and therefore, without proper care they can become major vehicles for foodborne illness outbreaks. This review examines the microbial quality of 'dressed' salads which contain two or more vegetables/fruits and salad dressings. The possible sources of ingredient contamination, recorded illnesses/outbreaks, and overall microbial quality observed worldwide, besides the antimicrobial treatments available are discussed in detail. Noroviruses were most frequently implicated in outbreaks. Salad dressings usually play a positive role in influencing microbial quality. However, this depends on several factors like the type of contaminating microorganism, storage temperature, dressing pH and ingredients, plus the type of salad vegetable. Very limited literature exists on antimicrobial treatments that can be used successfully with salad dressings and 'dressed' salads. The challenge with antimicrobial treatments is to find ones sufficiently broad in spectrum, compatible with produce flavour which can be applied at competitive cost. It is evident that renewed emphasis on prevention of produce contamination at the producer, processor, wholesale and retail levels plus enhanced hygiene vigilance at foodservice will have a major impact on reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses from salads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas A Al-Nabulsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Amin N Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard Holley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
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Osaili TM, Al-Nabulsi AA, Hasan F, Dhanasekaran DK, Hussain AZS, Cheikh Ismail L, Naja F, Radwan H, Faris ME, Olaimat AN, Ayyash M, Obaid RS, Holley R. Effect of Eugenol, Vanillin, and β-Resorcylic Acid on Foodborne Pathogen Survival in Marinated Camel Meat. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100038. [PMID: 36916574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The combined inhibitory effect of essential oils (EOs) with meat-based marinades has not been fully studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to gauge the effect of a yogurt-based marinade when individually combined with three EOs, namely eugenol (EU), vanillin (VA), or β-resorcylic acid (BR) on camel meat cubes inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli O157:H7 during storage. Fresh camel meat cubes of 10 g were inoculated with bacteria and dipped in the mixture of marinade and EO. Overall, the study had six EO treatments (EU 0.5%, EU 1%, VA 0.5%, VA 1%, BR 0.5%, and BR 1%) and two controls (meat without marinade and marinated meat). Treated meat cubes were stored at 4°C or 10°C for 1, 4, and 7 d. Adding only marinade to the camel meat at 10°C decreased the pathogens by 0.8-2.4 log CFU/g. At 10°C, BR decreased L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella spp. by 2.0, 1.5, and 1.3 log CFU/g, while EU caused a decrease (p < 0.05) of 1.9, 1.2, and 0.9 log CFU/g, respectively. Similarly, VA caused a reduction in these microorganisms of 1.3, 1.1, and 1.0 log CFU/g, respectively (p < 0.05). The combination of marinade and EO resulted in a decrease of the pathogens ranging from 0.9-1.4 and 2.8-3.7 log CFU/g at 4 and 10°C, respectively. The antimicrobial efficacy of EO alone or when combined with marinade was higher at 10°C than at 4°C with all three pathogens at both 0.5% and 1%. Overall, EOs were found to enhance the microbial safety of camel meat. In addition, they are antimicrobials that occur naturally, require a minimum investment, and may prove to be a great asset for marinated camel meat producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Anas A Al-Nabulsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinesh K Dhanasekaran
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayman Z S Hussain
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - MoezAlIslam Ezzat Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amin N Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 150459, Zarqa 13115, Jordan
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard Holley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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Osaili TM, Al-Nabulsi AA, Hasan F, Dhanasekaran DK, Ismail LC, Hashim M, Hasan H, Ayyash M, Olaimat A, Hussain AZS, Darra NE, Savvaidis IN, Obaid RS, Holley R. Inhibition of spoilage bacteria on marinated chicken by essential oils under aerobic and vacuum packaging. J Food Sci 2023; 88:381-390. [PMID: 36463412 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
"Chicken tawook" is a marinated boneless chicken entrée consumed in the Middle East. The aim of this study was to determine whether bioactive essential oil (EO) components carvacrol (CA), cinnamaldehyde (CI), and thymol (TH) would delay the growth of microorganisms causing tawook spoilage during aerobic (AP) or vacuum (VP) packed storage. The EOs at 1% and 2% were mixed individually with the marinade. The samples (10 g of chicken cubes with 1.2 g of marinade - with or without EOs) were stored in bags under AP and VP (Geryon® ) for 7 days at 4 ± 1°C and abusive conditions (10 ± 1°C). Two control samples consisting of meat chunks and tawook without EO were used. The microflora numbers were greater at 10°C than at 4°C, and the marinade worked additively with AP against anaerobes, yeast and mold (Y & M) and lactic acid bacteria. It also worked additively with VP against aerobic bacteria recovered as Pseudomonas and the total plate count. EO components were observed to decrease microbial populations by a maximum of 4 to 6 log colony-forming unit (CFU)/g depending on the type of microorganism. The combined mixture of marinade and 2% EO (CA, CI, and TH) resulted in the greatest reductions of all spoilage microorganisms at 10°C under AP on the last day of storage. Overall, VP was more effective (p < 0.05) than AP in controlling microorganisms at both 4 and 10°C. This study provides an affordable and natural alternative for extending product life. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The use of EOs in marinated chicken (tawook) is expected to help producers reduce spoilage and extend shelf-life of the product when stored at refrigeration temperatures. EOs provide a cheaper alternative and are naturally sourced. Vacuum packaging will increase the shelf-life of marinated chicken tawook and facilitate its storage and transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anas A Al-Nabulsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinesh K Dhanasekaran
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mona Hashim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amin Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ayman Z S Hussain
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nada El Darra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ioannis N Savvaidis
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard Holley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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7
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Osaili TM, Obaid RS, Alkayyali SAI, Ayman H, Bunni SM, Alkhaled SB, Hasan F, Mohamad MN, Cheikh Ismail L. Consumers' knowledge and attitudes about food additives in the UAE. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282495. [PMID: 36877679 PMCID: PMC9987778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of food additives (FAs) in food manufacturing is a well-accepted practice worldwide. Inadequate knowledge concerning their safety may cause negative attitude surrounding their use. This would potentially impact the purchase of foods that the consumer perceives as containing FAs. This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of consumers towards the use and safety of FAs in the UAE. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey distributed via social media platforms (n = 1037). Less than one-third of the participants (26.7%) in this study stated that they knew what FAs are. About half the respondents believed that organic products did not contain FAs. The proportion of respondents who reported that the purpose of adding FAs is to extend shelf life, better the taste and aroma of food, enhance nutritional value, improve consistency and texture, and boost appearance and color was 92.1%, 75.0%, 23.5%, 56.6%, and 69.4%, respectively. Around 61% believed that all FAs were harmful to human health. The level of FA knowledge increased with age and education level. About 60% of the respondents reported that food labels did not provide sufficient information about FAs. The most preferred platforms for consumers to receive information about FAs were social media (41.1%), followed by brochures (24.6%). Overall, the UAE population had inadequate knowledge and a hesitant attitude concerning FAs. The municipalities and food industry should play an active role in educating the public to prevent and reduce any possible adverse attitudes towards processed food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M. Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- * E-mail:
| | - Reyad S. Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sanaa A. I. Alkayyali
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hind Ayman
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara M. Bunni
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shaema B. Alkhaled
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), United Arab Emirates
| | - Maysm N. Mohamad
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, The University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Braun-Moscovici Y, Kaplan M, Braun M, Daood R, Markovits D, Giryes S, Mashiah Avshalom A, Shataylo V, Toledano K, Tavor Y, Hasan F, Dolnikov K, Erlich R, Rozin A, Jiries H, Balbir-Gurman A. POS1245 REVERSAL OF DECLINE IN HUMORAL RESPONSE TO BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 VACCINE AFTER BOOSTER ADMINISTRATION IN AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATOID DISEASES (AIRD) PATIENTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies proved that mRNA vaccinations against SARS CoV2 induced significant humoral responses in AIRD patients (pts). However, the humoral response was blunted in pts treated with CD20 depleting antibodies. There are limited data regarding the long-term outcome of the humoral response and the contribution of the booster vaccine, in immunosuppressed AIRD pts.ObjectivesTo assess the long-term outcome of the humoral response to mRNA vaccine against SARS CoV2, in AIRD pts treated with immunomodulating drugs, and the contribution of the booster vaccination.MethodsConsecutive pts treated at the Rheumatology Institute at Rambam Hospital who received their first SARS-CoV-2 (Pfizer) vaccine were recruited to the study, at their routine visit. The visit included AIRD activity assessment and questioning regarding vaccine side effects. We performed serology test 4-6 weeks and 24 weeks after receiving the second dose of vaccine. Pts who received the booster (3rd vaccine) were invited for serology tests 4-8 weeks afterwards. The immunomodulating treatment was not modified, either before or after the vaccination. IgG Antibodies (Ab) against SARS COV2 virus were detected using the SARS-Cov-2 IgG II Quant (Abbott) assay based on a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) on the ARCHITECT ci8200system from Abbott. This assay is measuring IgG antibodies against the spike receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) of the virus. The test was considered positive above 50 AU/ml.Results262 pts (mean age(SD) 57(13), disease duration 11.2(7.4), were recruited. The cohort included 152 pts with inflammatory joint disease, 26 pts with systemic lupus erythematosus, 62 pts with other connective tissue disease and 22 pts with vasculitis; 27 % received csDMARDs only, 35% - b/tsDMARDs only, 30% - combined therapy (csDMARDs+b/tsDMARDs) and 26% received steroids. 225 pts (86%) were seropositive for IgG Ab against SARS CoV2 virus (median 2832.5 AU/ml, IQR 58-29499). 37 (14%) pts had negative tests, 23 (62.2%) of them were rituximab treated.The IgG levels correlated with the medication used to treat the AIRD, the patients’ age but not with the type of the AIRD (Figure 1). 24 weeks afterwards, the median IgG level dropped to 282 AU/ml and 15% of the pts with previous seropositive tests became negative. The booster administration (Pfizer) significantly augmented the humoral response (median 8328 AU/ml, IQR 375-40000). De novo serologic response was observed in 10 out of 37 pts (4/23 rituximab treated pts).Figure 1.The reported side effects of the vaccine were minor (muscle sore, headache, low grade fever). The AIRD remained stable in all pts following all three vaccinations.ConclusionAlthough the vast majority of AIRD pts developed a substantial humoral response following the administration of the second dose of the Pfizer mRNA vaccine against SARS CoV2 virus, the humoral response significantly declined 24 weeks afterwards. An enhanced response was obtained after the third booster vaccination. Only minor side effects were reported and no apparent impact on AIRD activity was noted. Notably, 62% of the non-responders were treated with B cell depleting agents.AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank Mrs Tsofnat Margi and Mrs Sarit Elkouby for organisational support.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Abdalla T, Al-Rumaithi H, Osaili TM, Hasan F, Obaid RS, Abushelaibi A, Ayyash MM. Prevalence, Antibiotic-Resistance, and Growth Profile of Vibrio spp. Isolated From Fish and Shellfish in Subtropical-Arid Area. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:861547. [PMID: 35464960 PMCID: PMC9019552 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.861547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of different species of Vibrio spp. in fish and shellfish sold in subtropical-arid countries (United Arab Emirates). It also examined the antimicrobial resistance of the isolated species and their growth behavior upon in vitro environmental changes concerning temperature, pH, and salinity. The prevalence of Vibrio spp. in fish and shellfish samples, was 64.5 and 92%, respectively. However, Vibrio parahemolyticus were detected in a mere 7.5 and 13.0% of the samples, respectively. On the other hand, Vibrio mimicus was detected in 1.5 and 8.5% of the samples, respectively. None of the six antibiotics studied except for Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim were effective against fish Vibrio spp. isolates. On a similar note, three antibiotics, namely Penicillin, Daptomycin, and Vancomycin, were ineffective against the shellfish isolates. The growth of the microorganisms did not show any significant trend with changes in pH and salinity. The optimum temperature for Vibrio spp. growth was observed to be 37°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarfa Abdalla
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hind Al-Rumaithi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aisha Abushelaibi
- Campus Director at Higher Colleges of Technology, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mutamed M Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Osaili TM, Al-Nabulsi AA, Hasan F, Olaimat AN, Taha S, Ayyash M, Nazzal DS, Savvaidis IN, Obaid RS, Holley R. Antimicrobial effects of chitosan and garlic against Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes in hummus during storage at various temperatures. J Food Sci 2022; 87:833-844. [PMID: 35028936 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 0.5 or 1% (w/w) chitosan and 1% (w/w) garlic against Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes in hummus dip stored at 4, 10, or 25°C for 28, 21, or 7 days, respectively. In hummus without garlic, at all storage temperatures and storage periods, 0.5% chitosan decreased Salmonella spp., E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes by 0.9-2.3, 0.6-2.3, and 0.9-1.3 log CFU/g, respectively. In comparison, 1% chitosan decreased the numbers by 1.6-2.9, 1.4-2.7, and 1.3-1.8 log CFU/g, respectively. In hummus with 1% garlic, 0.5% chitosan decreased Salmonella spp., E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes by 0.7-2.5, 0.6-2.2, and 1.0-1.5 log CFU/g, respectively. Furthermore, 1% chitosan decreased the numbers by 1.6-2.8, 1.2-2.7, and 1.5-1.6 log CFU/g, respectively. With few exceptions, adding 1% garlic to hummus did not result in any significant reduction (at p < 0.05) in microbial numbers. The greatest decreases of Salmonella spp., E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes were 3.1, 3.6, and 2.9 log CFU/g with 1% chitosan held at 4°C for 28 days. The highest overall acceptability was for hummus with 0.5% chitosan + 1% garlic. Commercial use of chitosan is expected to help producers improve hummus safety. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Hummus is consumed worldwide as a dip due to its taste and health benefits. Microbial safety of hummus can be enhanced by incorporating chitosan, derived from the natural polymer chitin, into the formulation. This enhanced recipe would be a bonus for producers and consumers alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anas A Al-Nabulsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Amin N Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Sadi Taha
- School of Business Administration, Al Dar University College, Dubai, UAE
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, UAE
| | - Dima S Nazzal
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ioannis N Savvaidis
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Richard Holley
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Osaili TM, Hasan F, Dhanasekaran DK, Obaid RS, Al-Nabulsi AA, Ayyash M, Karam L, Savvaidis IN, Holley R. Effect of active essential oils added to chicken tawook on the behaviour of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 during storage. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 337:108947. [PMID: 33181419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the antimicrobial effect of active essential oil components (EOs) namely (carvacrol (CA), cinnamaldehyde (CI) and thymol (TH)) on Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in chicken tawook during storage at 4 and 10 °C. A marinade consisting of ingredients commonly used in the chicken tawook recipe was prepared and mixed with 1% and 2% v/v CA, CI or TH. The marinade with or without EOs was added to fresh chicken breast cubes inoculated with the foodborne pathogens. Afterward, marinated chicken "tawook" was stored at 4 and 10 °C covered with cling wrap to mimic chill and mild abuse storage conditions for up to 7 days. At 10 °C, the marinade decreased L. monocytogenes numbers on day 4 and 7 by about 2.4 log10 CFU/g as compared to unmarinated samples. Adding EOs to chicken tawook did not change L. monocytogenes numbers during storage at 4 and 10 °C. For Salmonella spp., the marinade decreased the numbers during 10 °C storage on day 4 and 7 by about 4.9 log10 CFU/g as compared to unmarinated samples. At 4 °C, EOs at 2% decreased Salmonella spp. on day 7 by 0.5 log10 CFU/g. One percent CI significantly decreased Salmonella by 1.5 log10 CFU/g, at day 4 of storage. At 10 °C, 1% CA, 2% CI, 1% and 2% TH decreased Salmonella spp. in the samples by 0.5 log10 CFU/g on day 7. The marinade decreased E. coli O157:H7 numbers on the chicken samples during 10 °C storage on day 4 and 7 by about 3.3 log10 CFU/g as compared to unmarinated samples. Regardless of storage day at 4 °C, EOs decreased E. coli O157:H7 populations in chicken tawook by ≤2.4 log10 CFU/g compared to samples without EOs, where the decrease was ≤1.4 log10 CFU/g. Moreover, no significant decrease in E. coli O157:H7 populations could be attributed to the addition of EOs in samples which were stored at 10 °C. Increasing the concentration of EOs from 1 to 2% seemed to have no significant effect in reducing the tested foodborne pathogen populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Fayeza Hasan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinesh Kumar Dhanasekaran
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad S Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas A Al-Nabulsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Layal Karam
- Department of Nursing & Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing & Health Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, P.O. Box: 72, Zouk Mikael, Lebanon
| | - Ioannis N Savvaidis
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, 20 Greece
| | - Richard Holley
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Kranz S, Hasan F, Weltman A, Jirout J. Proportion of Preschoolers Meeting Activity Recommendations in All-day Study Camps at the Diet and Nutrition (DAN) Laboratory. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Kranz S, Hasan F, Dukes E, Galloway J. The Projected Effect of Including Teaching on Sustainability Issues in a University Nutrition Class: Projected Reduction in Nitrogen Footprint. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Clinical relevance of acute bradycardia is driven by symptoms and not primarily by the reported decreased heart rate. Bradycardias may remain asymptomatic especially due to compensatory mechanisms (in particular increase of left ventricular ejection fraction). Nearly half of acute bradycardias have a reversible cause. Detection of potential reversible bradycardia causes is therefore regarded as the cornerstone of bradycardia treatment in the emergency setting. Effective therapies for the treatment of acute bradycardia are available, including intravenous chronotropic drugs and pacemaker implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hasan
- Innere III - Klinik für Kardiologie, Elektrophysiologie und Angiologie, Klinikum Lüdenscheid, Paulmannshöher Str. 14, 58515, Lüdenscheid, Deutschland.
| | - H Bogossian
- Innere III - Klinik für Kardiologie, Elektrophysiologie und Angiologie, Klinikum Lüdenscheid, Paulmannshöher Str. 14, 58515, Lüdenscheid, Deutschland
| | - B Lemke
- Innere III - Klinik für Kardiologie, Elektrophysiologie und Angiologie, Klinikum Lüdenscheid, Paulmannshöher Str. 14, 58515, Lüdenscheid, Deutschland
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Osaili TM, Hasan F, Dhanasekaran DK, Obaid RS, Al-Nabulsi AA, Rao S, Fatima H, Ayyash M, Savvaidis I, Holley R. Thermal inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains and Salmonella spp. in camel meat burgers. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Din G, Hasan F, Conway M, Denney B, Ripp S, Shah A. Engineering a bioluminescent bioreporter from an environmentally sourced mercury‐resistantEnterobacter cloacaestrain for the detection of bioavailable mercury. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1125-1134. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Din
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | - F. Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - M. Conway
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | - B. Denney
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | - S. Ripp
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | - A.A. Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
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Ashton LA, Griffiths HM, Parr CL, Evans TA, Didham RK, Hasan F, Teh YA, Tin HS, Vairappan CS, Eggleton P. Termites mitigate the effects of drought in tropical rainforest. Science 2019; 363:174-177. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aau9565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Termites perform key ecological functions in tropical ecosystems, are strongly affected by variation in rainfall, and respond negatively to habitat disturbance. However, it is not known how the projected increase in frequency and severity of droughts in tropical rainforests will alter termite communities and the maintenance of ecosystem processes. Using a large-scale termite suppression experiment, we found that termite activity and abundance increased during drought in a Bornean forest. This increase resulted in accelerated litter decomposition, elevated soil moisture, greater soil nutrient heterogeneity, and higher seedling survival rates during the extreme El Niño drought of 2015–2016. Our work shows how an invertebrate group enhances ecosystem resistance to drought, providing evidence that the dual stressors of climate change and anthropogenic shifts in biotic communities will have various negative consequences for the maintenance of rainforest ecosystems.
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Sajjad W, Qadir S, Ahmad M, Rafiq M, Hasan F, Tehan R, McPhail KL, Shah AA. Ectoine: a compatible solute in radio-halophilic Stenotrophomonas sp. WMA-LM19 strain to prevent ultraviolet-induced protein damage. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:457-467. [PMID: 29729069 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Thiss study was conducted to investigate the possible role of a compatible solute from radio-halophilic bacterium against desiccation and ultra-violet radiation-induced oxidative stress. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine different radio-resistant bacteria were isolated from desert soil, where strain WMA-LM19 was chosen for detailed studies on the basis of its high tolerance to ultraviolet radiation among all these isolates. Here, 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated the bacterium was closely related to Stenotrophomonas sp. (KT008383). A bacterial milking strategy was applied for extraction of intracellular compatible solutes in 70% (v/v) ethanol, which were purified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The compound was characterized as ectoine by 1 H and 13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Mass Spectrometry (MS). Ectoine inhibited oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in comparison to the standard ascorbic acid. It also demonstrated more efficient prevention (54·80%) against lysis to erythrocytes membrane by surface active agents than lecithin. Furthermore, a high level of ectoine-mediated protection of bovine serum albumin against ionizing radiation (1 500-2 000Jm-2 ) was observed, as indicated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis. CONCLUSION The results indicated that ectoine from Stenotrophomonas sp. WMA-LM19 can be used as a potential mitigator and radio-protective agent to overcome radiation- and salinity-mediated oxidative damages in extreme environment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Due to its anti-oxidant properties, ectoine from a radio-halophilic bacterium might be used in sunscreen formulation for protection against UV-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sajjad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,Department of Multidisciplinary Studies, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - S Qadir
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Rafiq
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - F Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R Tehan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - K L McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - A A Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abd El-azim A, Abd El-Aziz M, Hasan F. Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Containing One Type and Hybrid Fibers. The Egyptian International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Technology 2018; 24:27-33. [DOI: 10.21608/eijest.2018.97218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Hasan F, Ansari MS. Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Insecticides on the Biological Attributes of Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): a Biocontrol Agent of Parthenium hysterophorus L. Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:473-486. [PMID: 28144909 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of six commonly used insecticides, i.e., malathion, carbaryl, imidacloprid, cypermethrin, dimethoate, and monocrotophos, were evaluated through biological and life table parameters of Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister in laboratory. Concentration of these insecticides was within the minimum ranges of recommended field rate. Among the insecticides tested for acute toxicity, monocrotophos and imidacloprid caused the highest mortality of third instars and prolonged the development time of treated larvae. Fecundity and egg viability were also reduced in monocrotophos-treated group. Sublethal toxicity (carryover effect) of insecticides was evaluated through life table analysis of F1 progenies developed from surviving third instars treated for acute toxicity experiment. Survivorship was prolonged to 117 days in carbaryl treated group. Monocrotophos prolonged the overall immature development time compared to other insecticidal treatments and untreated control. Moreover, the lowest female survival, and the lowest value of life indices parameters, i.e., m x , R 0, r m, and λ, was evident in monocrotophos-exposed groups compared to that in other tested insecticides. However, mean generation time (T c) and doubling time (DT) were significantly prolonged in the insecticide-treated groups compared to those in the untreated group. A significantly greater number of females were produced in control groups than those in treated with malathion and sex ratio (proportion of male) was computed as 0.34 and 0.37, respectively. Based on the present study, it can be concluded that none of the tested insecticides can be classified as safe to Z. bicolorata. However, comparisons among the tested insecticides showed that malathion was less toxic compared to other insecticides tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hasan
- Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh, 202002, India.
- Glocal School of Agricultural Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India.
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New-Delhi, India.
| | - M S Ansari
- Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh, 202002, India
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Dhillon MK, Hasan F, Tanwar AK, Bhadauriya AS. Effects of thermo-photoperiod on induction and termination of hibernation in Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Bull Entomol Res 2017; 107:294-302. [PMID: 27829469 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485316000870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Determination of critical threshold for induction and termination of diapause (hibernation) are important for better understanding the bio-ecology and population dynamics of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) under varying climatic conditions. We studied initiation and termination of hibernation under five temperature and photoperiod regimes viz., 27°C + 12L:12D, 22°C + 11.5L:12.5D, 18°C + 11L:13D, 14°C + 10.5L:13.5D and 10°C + 10L:14D under fixed and ramping treatments, and the observations were recorded on various phenological and developmental characteristics at weekly intervals. Present studies revealed that the induction of hibernation in C. partellus larvae takes from 46 to 56 days depending upon temperature and photoperiod conditions. Induction of hibernation varied from 7.9 to 18.3% across treatment conditions, indicating that not all C. partellus larvae undergo diapause under prevailing environmental conditions. Weight, length and head capsule width of diapausing larvae were found significantly lower than the non-diapausing larvae. The non-diapausing C. partellus larvae required a thermal threshold of 1068 degree-days under ambient conditions, while in case of hibernating larvae it varied significantly across treatment conditions. Diapausing larvae underwent up to five supernumerary moults, wherein highest percentage of diapausing larvae (35.7%) exhibited two supernumerary moults. The developmental time of diapausing larvae varied from 94.9 to 160.4 days across treatments. A population loss of 17.2-28.3% was recorded in C. partellus due to hibernation, which has implications for population buildup of post-hibernation first brood and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Dhillon
- Division of Entomology,ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute,New Delhi 110012,India
| | - F Hasan
- Division of Entomology,ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute,New Delhi 110012,India
| | - A K Tanwar
- Division of Entomology,ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute,New Delhi 110012,India
| | - A S Bhadauriya
- Division of Entomology,ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute,New Delhi 110012,India
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Shah MS, Eppinger M, Ahmed S, Shah AA, Hameed A, Hasan F. Flooding adds pathogenic Escherichia coli strains to the water sources in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016; 34:483-488. [PMID: 27934827 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.195350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Seasonal rains in Pakistan result in heavy floods across the country, whereby faecal contaminants will be added to the water bodies and cause numerous food-borne outbreaks. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) strains in the water sources. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred water samples collected during (2011-2012) were processed for the isolation of E. coli (EC) strains. EC strains were further analysed for antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and pathogroups-specific virulence factors stx1, stx2, stx2c, eae, tir, hlyA, bfpA, estA and eltA were detected using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Thirty-three percent of the water samples were contaminated with EC pathotypes. Fifty percent (33/66) of the DEC pathotypes were identified as enterotoxigenic EC (ETEC). Seventy-two percent (13/18) of the enteropathogenic EC (EPEC) strains were identified as typical EPEC and 28% (5/18) as atypical EPEC. Eleven percent (7/66) of the Shiga toxin EC (STEC) isolates carried a combination of stx1 and stx2 genes. Summer was found as a peak season with 47% (31/66) for EC pathogroups' activities. Eighty-nine percent of the strains showed resistance against tetracycline. CONCLUSION ETEC and EPEC are the primary causes of water contamination in southern regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. Firm adherence to the prescribed drugs can decrease trends in antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - M Eppinger
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - S Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A A Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Hameed
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ravinder K, Uppal B, Aggarwal P, Mehra B, Hasan F, Mridul Daga K. Co-infection of Central Nervous System by M. Tuberculosis, Cryptococcus and possibly Naegleria fowleri. Trop Biomed 2016; 33:387-392. [PMID: 33579108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Co-infection due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Cryptococcus and Naegleria fowleri has not been reported till now in literature, to the best of our knowledge. Here we report a curious case of co-infection of the central nervous system due to these three pathogens in an apparently immune-competent, HIV negative boy. The 15 year old boy was a diagnosed case of tubercular meningitis and was on anti-tubercular and anti-epileptic treatment. However, two months later he presented again in the emergency department with sudden loss of consciousness. His CSF showed presence of capsulated budding yeast cells (suggestive of Cryptococcus) and flagellated parasites (resembling the flagellated stage of Naegleria fowleri). CSF was also positive for Cryptococcal antigens by Latex Agglutination test. The boy was HIV negative and apparently immuno-competent. He was subsequently put on amphotericin B therapy for six weeks. Repeat microscopy, done towards the end of amphotericin B course, showed clearing of CSF. However, the patient's condition improved only slightly, owing to neurological damage caused by the pathogens as suggested by brain CT and MRI scans. Thus infection caused by the members of three different kingdoms in an apparently immunocompetent boy highlights the importance of thinking beyond the ordinary causative pathogens, and actively searching for rarer etiologies to ensure timely intervention; especially in nonresponsive cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ravinder
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi- 110002, India
| | - B Uppal
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi- 110002, India
| | - P Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi- 110002, India
| | - B Mehra
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi- 110002, India
| | - F Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi- 110002, India
| | - K Mridul Daga
- Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi- 110002, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Database review to analyse age and sex differences in complication and conversion rates and influence on return to normal daily activities and work after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). METHODS 658 patients had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for proven gallstones between 9/4/2001 and 15/2/2006 under the care of one surgeon (F. H.) at Benenden hospital, Kent, UK. RESULTS We had a 65.5% response rate with 431 replies at a mean follow up of 22.4 months (2.3-52.8). There was a male to female ratio of 5:23 with a mean age of 54.2 years (22-83). Using linear regression we found no significant correlation with operative time and variables of age and sex (df = 2, 251, R (2) = 0.03, F = 0.574, p < 0.564). No significant correlation with number of complications and age or sex (df = 2, 334, R (2) = 0.004, F = 1.615, p < 0.200). Age (Exp(B) = 1.040, p < 0.51) and sex (Exp(B) = 0.863, p < 0.855) had no effect on conversion. No difference was found in relation to age and sex with return to normal daily activities (df = 2, 307, F = 0.904, p < 0.406). Age was a non-significant predictor of return to work (Beta = 0.040, p < 0.572) however men return to work significantly sooner (Beta = 0.191, p < 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Operative time, number of complications, conversion to open and return to normal daily activities may not be affected by age or sex of patients. Hospital stay may be longer in older patients. Men appear to return to work sooner. Further analysis with validated questionnaires are required.
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Nadhman A, Hasan F, Shah Z, Hameed A, Shah AA. Production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) depolymerase from Aspergillus sp. NA-25. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683812050080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nadhman A, Hasan F, Shah Z, Hameed A, Shah AA. Production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) depolymerase from Aspergillus sp. NA-25. Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol 2012; 48:531-536. [PMID: 23101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) degrading thermophilic fungus was isolated from soil sample collected from waste disposal site, Islamabad, Pakistan. It was able to grow efficiently on a medium containing PHBV as a sole source of carbon and has been identified as Aspergillus sp. NA-25 by 18S rRNA. Using 9% of inoculum maximum production of PHBV depolymerase was observed at 45 degrees C, pH 7.0 in the presence of 0.2% lactose as an additional carbon source. PHBV depolymerase was purified by precipitation with 80% ammonium sulfate and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-75. The four enzyme forms obtained after gel filtration were analyzed on SDS-PAGE and their molecular weights (36, 68, 72 and 90 kDa) were determined. They were characterized on the basis of effect of different temperatures, pH, metal ions and different reagents on the PHBV activity and stability. It is obvious that the fungal strain Aspergillus sp. NA-25 is capable of degrading PHBV with the help of different types of depolymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nadhman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Ansari MS, Hasan F, Ahmad N. Influence of various host plants on the consumption and utilization of food by Pieris brassicae (Linn.). Bull Entomol Res 2012; 102:231-237. [PMID: 22030306 DOI: 10.1017/s000748531100054x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Pieris brassicae (Linn.) is a destructive cosmopolitan pest of cruciferous crops. It is present wherever its host plants occur, and it is considered to be one of the most widely distributed of all the Lepidoptera. We investigated the affect of various host plants on the food consumption and utilization by P. brassicae. We quantified consumption of food, larval duration, pupal duration and weight on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), radish (Raphanus sativus), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and mustard (Brassica campestris) under laboratory conditions. Insect-host relationships can be better understood by knowing the rate of food consumption, its digestibility and conversion of food eaten to body tissue. The consumption of food generally increased with the advancement of larval age. In our study we found that consumption of food was highest on radish and lowest on broccoli. The highest consumption of a particular host does not always indicate greater suitability of that host, until and unless other factors like consumption index (CI), relative growth rate (RGR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), approximate digestibility (AD) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) are also considered. In the current investigation, factors like CI, RGR, ECI and ECD were highest on cabbage. Low body weight of pupa is associated with rapid development. On cabbage, the weight of pupa of both sexes was found lowest. Thus, from the present study, it can be concluded that cabbage is a more suitable host for P. brassicae than other host plants evaluated. Hence, on cabbage, the values of Waldbauer indices were highest and P. brassicae developed with a faster rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ansari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Shah AA, Hasan F, Shah Z, Hameed A. Degradation of polyisoprene rubber by newly isolated Bacillus sp. AF-666 from soil. Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol 2012; 48:45-50. [PMID: 22567884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Various microorganisms were screened for their ability to degrade polyisoprene rubber (natural rubber latex gloves). Strain AF-666, newly isolated from a soil sample, was selected as the best strain having the ability to grow on polyisoprene containing plates. The strain identified as Bacillus sp. AF-666, was found to degrade polyisoprene rubber, both on basal agar plates (latex overlay) as well as in liquid medium. Qualitative analysis of degradation was done through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy SEM showed changes in surface morphology, like appearance of pits and cracks, and marked difference in transmittance spectra of test and control due to changes in the functional groups, was detected through FTIR. CO2 evolution as a result of rubber degradation, was calculated gravimetrically by Sturm Test. About 4.43 g/1 of CO2 was produced in case of test, whereas, 1.57 g/1 in case of control. The viable number of cells (CFU/ml) was also higher in test than in control. Present study may provide an opportunity for further studies on the applications of biotechnological processes as a tool for rubber waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Shah AA, Hasan F, Shah Z, Mutiullah, Hameed A. Degradation of polyisoprene rubber by newly isolated bacillus sp. AF-666 from soil. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683812010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Siddiqui MRS, Abdulaal Y, Nisar A, Ali H, Hasan F. A meta-analysis of outcomes after open and laparoscopic Nissen's fundoplication in the treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Eur Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-011-0003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Siddiqui MRS, Abdulaal Y, Nisar A, Ali H, Hasan F. A meta-analysis of outcomes after open and laparoscopic Nissen's fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in children. Pediatr Surg Int 2011; 27:359-66. [PMID: 20734053 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-010-2698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to meta-analyse the published literature comparing outcomes after open (ONF) versus laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in children. Electronic databases were searched from January 1993 to October 2009. A systematic review was performed to obtain a summative outcome. Six comparative studies were analysed. There were 466 patients in the laparoscopic group and 255 in the open group. There was no significant difference in operative time between LNF compared with ONF (p = 0.35). Children stayed in hospital for less time after undergoing LNF compared with ONF [random effects model: SMD = 0.93, 95% CI (0.41, 1.44), z = 3.53, p < 0.01]. Children feed earlier after LNF [random effects model: SMD = 4.13, 95% CI (1.00, 7.27), z = 2.58, p < 0.001] and had less morbidity [fixed effects model: RR = 3.22, 95% CI (1.98, 5.25), z = 4.71, p < 0.01; random effects model: RR = 2.90, 95% CI (1.49, 5.66), z = 3.12, p < 0.01]. No difference in recurrence at 12 months was highlighted (p = 0.29). In conclusion, the laparoscopic Nissen's fundoplication in children may be considered a safe and effective alternative to open surgery; however, careful case selection is required.
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Hasan F, Hossain NM. Risk behaviour and injury risk factors: in multi country analysis. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Siddiqui M, Gyanti R, Zaborszky A, Hasan F. Gallbladder Aspiration Routinely for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Int J Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.07.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Beta-lactamases of Enterobacteriaceae are the most important mechanism of resistance against beta-lactam drugs. Two types of beta-lactamases can confer resistance against 3rd generation cephalosporins. Chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases are inducible and are not inhibited by clavulanic acid. Resistance due to these enzymes is non-transferable. The 2nd type of enzyme is plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases, which are inhibited by clavulanic acid. These enzymes are more important clinically as these can be transferred between various species of Enterobacteriaceae. These enzymes are called extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been responsible for numerous outbreaks of infection throughout the world and pose challenging infection control issues. Antibacterial choice is often complicated by multi-resistance. ESBLs can confer resistance against all beta-lactam drugs except carbapenems and cephamycins. Nursing home patients may be an important reservoir of ESBL-containing multiple antibiotic-resistant organisms. Use of broad-spectrum oral antibiotics and probably poor infection control practices may facilitate spread of this plasmid-mediated resistance. In addition to known populations at risk, ambulatory patients with chronic conditions represent another patient population that may harbor ESBL-producing organisms. Various methods can be used for detection of ESBLs in the laboratory. These tests include double disc diffusion test, Vitek ESBL test, E Tests, MIC Determination, genetic method, and isoelectric focusing (IEF).
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Shah
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Xess I, Jain N, Hasan F, Mandal P, Banerjee U. Epidemiology of candidemia in a tertiary care centre of north India: 5-year study. Infection 2007; 35:256-9. [PMID: 17646917 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-007-6144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the distribution of species of Candida and the risk factors associated with candidemia in Indian population for which we conducted a retrospective study for 5 years in a tertiary care centre of North India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples from 7,297 patients aged from 3 days to 85 years, suspected with candidemia, were collected and tested for Candida. The susceptibility patterns toward fluconazole for the year 2005 isolates were tested by micro-dilution assay as described in the CLSI (M27A-2 method). RESULTS Most of the episodes have been caused by species other than C. albicans. Non-albicans candidemia was 79%-80% in both female and male populations. The most frequent species isolated from 275 patients in 5 years (January 2001-December 2005) was C. tropicalis (35.3%), followed by C. albicans (21.5%), C. parapsilosis (20%), C. glabrata (17.5%), C. krusei (3.3%), C. haemulonii (1.5%), and C. guilliermondii (1%). C. parapsilosis was the predominant in the fifth year of the study (2004-2005). Dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole was observed in 5% (n = 3) of the strains. Antifungal resistance was found in 11.7% (n = 7), which includes only C. glabrata. CONCLUSION These results were comparable to those derived from other regions of India. C. tropicalis has been reported as the predominant species involved in the cases of candidemia. But in 2005 it has moved toward C. parapsilosis. No true antifungal resistance is reported. Further epidemiological surveillance is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Xess
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
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Hasan F, Kumada Y, Hashimoto N, Katsuda T, Terashima M, Katoh S. Fragmentation of Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides from Bonito Meat Under Intestinal Digestion Conditions and their Characterization. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2006. [DOI: 10.1205/fbp.05152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hague A, Hicks DJ, Hasan F, Smartt H, Cohen GM, Paraskeva C, MacFarlane M. Increased sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis occurs during the adenoma to carcinoma transition of colorectal carcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:736-42. [PMID: 15685228 PMCID: PMC2361885 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The death ligand TRAIL (Apo2L) has potential for cancer therapy, since tumour cells are thought to be more sensitive than normal cells. We investigated whether sensitivity to TRAIL increases during the adenoma to carcinoma transition of colorectal carcinogenesis. Under the same culture conditions, we compared the extent of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in four premalignant adenoma and three carcinoma cell lines. Although TRAIL induced some apoptosis in adenoma cultures, the carcinoma cell lines were significantly more sensitive (P<0.001). This finding was recapitulated in an in vitro model of tumour progression in which conversion of the adenoma cell line AA/C1 to a tumorigenic phenotype was associated with increased TRAIL sensitivity (P<0.001). Increased TRAIL sensitivity during colorectal carcinogenesis has been previously attributed to changes in the balance between TRAIL receptors TRAIL-R1 and -R2 and ‘decoy’ receptors TRAIL-R3 and -R4 during malignant progression. To address this, cell surface receptor expression was measured by flow cytometry. In summary, during colorectal carcinogenesis, there is a marked increase in sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis associated with progression from benign to malignant tumour that could be exploited for colon cancer therapy, but alterations in cell surface TRAIL receptor expression may not be the primary reason for this change.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hague
- Department of Oral and Dental Science, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - D J Hicks
- Cancer Research Campaign Colorectal Tumour Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Bristol School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - F Hasan
- Cancer Research Campaign Colorectal Tumour Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Bristol School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - H Smartt
- Cancer Research Campaign Colorectal Tumour Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Bristol School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - G M Cohen
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, University of Leicester, PO Box 138, Leicester Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - C Paraskeva
- Cancer Research Campaign Colorectal Tumour Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Bristol School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- Cancer Research Campaign Colorectal Tumour Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Bristol School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK. E-mail:
| | - M MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, University of Leicester, PO Box 138, Leicester Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
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Muzammil M, Khan AA, Hasan F, Hasan SN. Effect of noise on human performance under variable load in a die casting industry--a case study. J Environ Sci Eng 2004; 46:49-54. [PMID: 16649592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The manual mode of working in industries is very common in the developing and under developed countries. Many industrial processes have generated high levels of noise and causing physiological effects on operators and thus leading to reduced performance. A survey was carried in various die casting industries to determine the levels of noise. It was found that the levels were in the range of 80-100dB(A). The survey also showed that the effects were more pronounced when the task was conducted under varying load conditions. Keeping this in view the problem was formulated to study whether the level of noise and amount of load has a bearing on human performance. For this purpose, experimental investigations in a simulated environment were carried out. Five subjects, all males and having no experience in the trade were selected for the task. The levels of noise under taken were 80, 90 and 100 dB(A) while the levels of load were 150, 200 and 250 N. A pulse oximeter was used to measure the human performance in terms of heart rate. The data was collected and analyzed on the basis of two factor repeated measure type of experimental design. Results of the study indicated that the level of noise and load both were having statistically significant effect on human performance. However, the interaction of level of noise and load was found to be statistically non-significant. The findings of the present work have been discussed in the light of the previous researches carried out on the topic. Suggestions have been made to reduce the levels of noise as per the recommendations of Occupational Safety and Health Association (1990). It is also suggested that instead of hand operated machines, foot operated versions should be used to reduce fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Muzammil
- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Hasan F, Hossain MI. The Cosmos speaks in patterns: importance of DNA sequence. J PAK MED ASSOC 2004; 54:1. [PMID: 15058631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Sampling variability on liver biopsy has been demonstrated in a variety of liver diseases. The objective of this study was to determine whether sampling variability exists on percutaneous liver biopsy in patients with chronic HCV infection. METHODS Two separate tissue samples were obtained from the right lobe of the liver, through a single skin puncture, in 29 patients (22 M, mean age 43.4 +/- 8.1 years) with chronic HCV infection. The biopsies were assessed using a descriptive histological reporting system and Knodell's Histological Activity Index (HAI) and compared for differences in necroinflammatory activity (grade) and fibrosis (stage). RESULTS Thirteen (44.8%) patients had a difference of > or = 1 grade between the 2 biopsies on the descriptive system and 13 differed by > or = 1 stage. On the HAI, 20 (69.0%) patients had a difference of > or = 2 in the necroinflammatory activity score and 10 (34.5%) had a difference of > or = 4; whereas, 11 (38.0%) patients had a difference of > or = 1 in the fibrosis score and 6 (20.7%) had a difference of > or = 2. The mean difference between the two sets of biopsies was 2.4 +/- 2.1 (range 0-7) for the necroinflammatory activity and 0.6 +/- 0.9 (range 0-3) for fibrosis. Spearman's correlation coefficient (r) was moderate for both necroinflammatory activity (r = 0.53, P < 0.01) and fibrosis (r = 0.62, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Sampling variability exists on percutaneous liver biopsy in patients with chronic HCV infection and should be taken into consideration when decisions regarding prognosis and therapy are made based on biopsy, and when defining histological response to antiviral regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Siddique
- Dept. of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
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44
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Shah AA, Hasan F, Ahmed S, Hameed A. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae: related to age and gender. New Microbiol 2002; 25:363-6. [PMID: 12173781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLPE) among nosocomial and community acquired isolates was studied (September, 1999 - August, 2000). Nosocomial and OPD isolates (200 each) were collected from OPD and different wards of the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Islamabad, Pakistan, and tested for the production of ESBLs using the double disc diffusion technique. The prevalence of ESBL was highest in nosocomial isolates among the patients of age group III (50-60 years) (48%) with Escherichia coli as the most prevalent organism. ESBL positive isolates were mostly reported in males (65.33%) compared to females (34.67%).
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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45
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonoscopic procedure is an accepted modality for the evaluation of colonic disease. Open-access versus restricted-access colonoscopy has been argued over in the recent literature. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to identify the yield of the major indications for the procedure, and the pattern of colon pathology in our community. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed our experience in 3000 colonoscopies over a five-year period. The patients comprised 1145 females (38%) and 1855 males (62%), and their ages ranged from 9 months to 95 years (mean 39.2). There were 2283 patients (76%) who were aged less than 55 years. Complete examination to the cecum was possible in 2850 cases (95%). RESULTS Pathological findings were identified in 640 patients (21%). The diagnostic yield of patients referred for lower abdominal pain and surveillance was low, at 7% and 17%, respectively. The yield was high for those with lower gastrointestinal bleeding (47%), non-bloody diarrhea (35%), iron deficiency anemia (30%), mass lesions identified by radiology (53%), and polyps identified by radiology (70%). Inflammatory bowel disease was diagnosed in 220 patients, carcinoma in 64 patients, and colonic polyps in 139 patients. CONCLUSION Colonic diseases are not uncommon in our part of the world. Colonoscopy is a rewarding procedure in those patients referred with lower gastrointestinal bleeding, mass lesions, polyps and diarrhea. The procedure is less rewarding in patients with lower abdominal pain and in those undergoing surveillance colonoscopy. Patient selection on the basis of the presenting complaint may help to utilize the limited resources available to gastroenterologists. About 63% of the procedures were done for indications found to have a low yield. Inflammatory bowel disease is seen with increasing frequency in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Al-Shamali
- Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, and Department of Medicine, Al-Amiri Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
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46
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47
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Hasan F, Asker H, al Shamali M, al Kalaoui M, al Nakib B. Interferon-alpha plus ribavirin combination therapy for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in interferon non-responders. Hepatogastroenterology 2000; 47:1642-4. [PMID: 11149023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Only a small fraction of patients with chronic hepatitis C have a sustained biochemical or virologic response to a standard course of alpha-interferon therapy. Thus, alternative treatments are needed particularly for non-responders. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in combination with ribavirin in patients who had not responded to a previous course of alpha-interferon. METHODOLOGY In this prospective open trial, 26 patients who had not responded to a previous course of interferon monotherapy, were treated for 6 months with a combination of alpha-interferon 2b, 5 MU thrice weekly, plus ribavirin 1000 or 1200 mg daily. They were followed-up for at least 6 months after therapy. RESULTS At the end of treatment, 3 patients (12%) had normal aminotransferase levels and two (8%) tested negative for HCV-RNA in serum. After 6 months of follow-up, all patients had HCV viremia and only one (3.8%) was still in biochemical remission. One patient dropped out because of side effects and another was lost during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS alpha-interferon-ribavirin combination is ineffective in treating patients who had had no response to interferon monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hasan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Safat, Kuwait
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48
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Rohrbach S, Yan X, Weinberg EO, Hasan F, Bartunek J, Marchionni MA, Lorell BH. Neuregulin in cardiac hypertrophy in rats with aortic stenosis. Differential expression of erbB2 and erbB4 receptors. Circulation 1999; 100:407-12. [PMID: 10421602 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.100.4.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulins are a family of peptide growth factors that promote cell growth and viability. The potential role of neuregulin-erbB signaling in hypertrophic growth and later failure in the adult heart in vivo is not known. METHODS AND RESULTS We used ribonuclease protection assays to quantify mRNA levels of neuregulin, erbB2, and erbB4 in left ventricular (LV) tissue and myocytes of normal rats and rats with aortic stenosis with pressure-overload hypertrophy 6 and 22 weeks after banding. At both stages of hypertrophy, Northern blot analyses of mRNA from LV myocytes showed upregulation of atrial natriuretic peptide, a molecular marker of hypertrophy (P<0.05). LV tissue neuregulin message levels were similar in animals with aortic stenosis compared with controls (P=NS) and were not detectable in myocytes. LV erbB2 and erbB4 message levels in LV tissue and myocytes were maintained during early compensatory hypertrophy in 6-week aortic stenosis animals compared with age-matched controls; in contrast, erbB2 and erbB4 message levels were depressed in 22-week aortic stenosis animals at the stage of early failure (both P<0.01 vs age-matched controls). Immunoblotting of erbB2 and erbB4 also showed normal protein levels in 6-week aortic stenosis animals compared with controls; however, erbB2 and erbB4 protein levels were depressed in 22-week aortic stenosis animals (48% decrease in erbB2, P<0.05, and 43% decrease in erbB4, P<0.01) relative to age-matched controls. CONCLUSIONS The neuregulin receptors erbB2 and erbB4 are downregulated at both the message and protein levels at the stage of early failure in animals with chronic hypertrophy secondary to aortic stenosis. These data suggest a role for disabled erbB receptor signaling in the transition from compensatory hypertrophy to failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rohrbach
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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49
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Hasan F, Askar H, Al Khalidi J, Al Shamali M, Al Kalaoui M, Al Nakib B. Lack of transmission of hepatitis C virus following needlestick accidents. Hepatogastroenterology 1999; 46:1678-81. [PMID: 10430320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) have an occupational risk of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, data regarding the magnitude of this risk are limited. We conducted a prospective study on a cohort of 24 HCWs who were exposed to HCV by needlestick injuries involving 25 patients. All source patients were viremic with a mean HCV-RNA level of 1.65 megagenomic equivalents per milliliter. At least 64% of patients were infected with HCV serotype 4 (Simmond's classification). After a follow up period of at least 6 months, none of the exposed HCWs acquired HCV. Thus, HCV does not seem to be easily transmitted by needlestick injuries. However, further large-scale studies are needed for a more accurate estimation of the risk of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hasan
- Thunayan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center, and Amiri Hospital, Kuwait
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50
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Abstract
This report summarizes our retrospective analysis of 173 colonoscopic examinations performed on 159 children over a period of 9 years in Kuwait. Ninety-six children were males, with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The main indications for colonoscopy were rectal bleeding, polyps, and suspected inflammatory bowel disease. Examination was done under sedation or anaesthesia. One hundred and fifty-one (87 per cent) examinations were complete up to the caecum and 89 (51 per cent) up to the terminal ileum. The most common pathology was polyps in 42 children. All but one polyp were hamartomatous and mainly localized to the rectum and sigmoid colon. The majority had a single polyp. One child had adenomatous polyposis coli. One hundred and forty-two polyps were removed endoscopically with no complications. Inflammatory bowel disease was present in 34 (21 per cent) children (17 Crohn's disease, 11 ulcerative colitis, and 6 indeterminate colitis). Tuberculosis of the ileo-caecal region was diagnosed in two cases. Seven patients had rectal ulcers presenting as rectal bleeding. In 11 (7 per cent), the lesions were limited to the right side of the colon or terminal ileum. These results suggest that colonic pathology is not uncommon in children in Kuwait. The disease pattern is similar to that reported in western countries. As we have observed in adults, inflammatory bowel disease is seen in significant numbers among children in this region. In this survey we have observed a change in the disease frequency, Crohn's disease being more common that ulcerative colitis. Without adequate examination, the existence of inflammatory bowel disease and this possible changing pattern of disease would have gone unrecognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kalaoui
- Gastroenterology Centre, Al Amiri General Hospital, Kuwait
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