1
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Mendes-de-Almeida DP, Kehdy FSG, Martins-Gonçalves R, Bokel J, Grinsztejn E, Mouta Nunes de Oliveira P, Maia MDLDS, Hoagland B, Wagner Cardoso S, Grinsztejn B, Siqueira MM, Kurtz P, Bozza PT, Garcia CC. A case report of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) with genetic analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1189320. [PMID: 37351283 PMCID: PMC10284151 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1189320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the rare syndrome called vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) after adenoviral vector vaccines, including ChAdOx1 nCov-19, raises concern about one's predisposing risk factors. Here we report the case of a 56-year-old white man who developed VITT leading to death within 9 days of symptom onset. He presented with superior sagittal sinus thrombosis, right frontal intraparenchymal hematoma, frontoparietal subarachnoid and massive ventricular hemorrhage, and right lower extremity arterial and venous thrombosis. His laboratory results showed elevated D-dimer, C-reactive protein, tissue factor, P-selectin (CD62p), and positive anti-platelet factor 4. The patient's plasma promoted higher CD62p expression in healthy donors' platelets than the controls. Genetic investigation on coagulation, thrombophilia, inflammation, and type I interferon-related genes was performed. From rare variants in European or African genomic databases, 68 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in one allele and 11 in two alleles from common SNPs were found in the patient genome. This report highlights the possible relationship between VITT and genetic variants. Additional investigations regarding the genetic predisposition of VITT are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela P. Mendes-de-Almeida
- Department of Hematology, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Medical Affairs, Clinical Studies, and Post-Registration Surveillance (DEAME), Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals/Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S. G. Kehdy
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Remy Martins-Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joanna Bokel
- Department of Hematology, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Onco-Hematology Unit, Clínica São Vicente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Grinsztejn
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, University Hospitals, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Patrícia Mouta Nunes de Oliveira
- Department of Medical Affairs, Clinical Studies, and Post-Registration Surveillance (DEAME), Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals/Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes de Sousa Maia
- Department of Medical Affairs, Clinical Studies, and Post-Registration Surveillance (DEAME), Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals/Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Brenda Hoagland
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sandra Wagner Cardoso
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilda M. Siqueira
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Kurtz
- Intensive Care Department, Instituto D’Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia T. Bozza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiana C. Garcia
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ-Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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2
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Rodrigues-Soares F, Kehdy FSG, Gouveia MH. Editorial: Genomic Ancestry and Biological Traits. Front Genet 2021; 12:754725. [PMID: 34552624 PMCID: PMC8450575 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.754725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rodrigues-Soares
- Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S G Kehdy
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mateus H Gouveia
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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3
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Gouveia MH, Borda V, Leal TP, Moreira RG, Bergen AW, Kehdy FSG, Alvim I, Aquino MM, Araujo GS, Araujo NM, Furlan V, Liboredo R, Machado M, Magalhaes WCS, Michelin LA, Rodrigues MR, Rodrigues-Soares F, Sant Anna HP, Santolalla ML, Scliar MO, Soares-Souza G, Zamudio R, Zolini C, Bortolini MC, Dean M, Gilman RH, Guio H, Rocha J, Pereira AC, Barreto ML, Horta BL, Lima-Costa MF, Mbulaiteye SM, Chanock SJ, Tishkoff SA, Yeager M, Tarazona-Santos E. Origins, Admixture Dynamics, and Homogenization of the African Gene Pool in the Americas. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 37:1647-1656. [PMID: 32128591 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Transatlantic Slave Trade transported more than 9 million Africans to the Americas between the early 16th and the mid-19th centuries. We performed a genome-wide analysis using 6,267 individuals from 25 populations to infer how different African groups contributed to North-, South-American, and Caribbean populations, in the context of geographic and geopolitical factors, and compared genetic data with demographic history records of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. We observed that West-Central Africa and Western Africa-associated ancestry clusters are more prevalent in northern latitudes of the Americas, whereas the South/East Africa-associated ancestry cluster is more prevalent in southern latitudes of the Americas. This pattern results from geographic and geopolitical factors leading to population differentiation. However, there is a substantial decrease in the between-population differentiation of the African gene pool within the Americas, when compared with the regions of origin from Africa, underscoring the importance of historical factors favoring admixture between individuals with different African origins in the New World. This between-population homogenization in the Americas is consistent with the excess of West-Central Africa ancestry (the most prevalent in the Americas) in the United States and Southeast-Brazil, with respect to historical-demography expectations. We also inferred that in most of the Americas, intercontinental admixture intensification occurred between 1750 and 1850, which correlates strongly with the peak of arrivals from Africa. This study contributes with a population genetics perspective to the ongoing social, cultural, and political debate regarding ancestry, admixture, and the mestizaje process in the Americas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus H Gouveia
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Victor Borda
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Leal
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rennan G Moreira
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genômica, Centro de Laboratórios Multiusuário (CELAM), ICB, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andrew W Bergen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Fernanda S G Kehdy
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabela Alvim
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marla M Aquino
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gilderlanio S Araujo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará - Campus Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Nathalia M Araujo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Furlan
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus UFV-Florestal, Florestal, MG, Brazil
| | - Raquel Liboredo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Moara Machado
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Wagner C S Magalhaes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisas do Instituto Mário Penna - NEP-IMP, Bairro Luxemburgo, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas A Michelin
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maíra R Rodrigues
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues-Soares
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Hanaisa P Sant Anna
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Melbourne Integrative Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Meddly L Santolalla
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marília O Scliar
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giordano Soares-Souza
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roxana Zamudio
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila Zolini
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Beagle, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Mosaico Translational Genomics Initiative, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Catira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Dean
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Robert H Gilman
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.,Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Jorge Rocha
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CIBIO/InBIO: Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Vairão, Portugal
| | | | - Mauricio L Barreto
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria F Lima-Costa
- Instituto de Pesquisa Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sam M Mbulaiteye
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Sarah A Tishkoff
- Department of Genetics and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Mosaico Translational Genomics Initiative, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Instituto de Estudos Avançados Transdisciplinares, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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4
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Nunes K, Aguiar VRC, Silva M, Sena AC, de Oliveira DCM, Dinardo CL, Kehdy FSG, Tarazona-Santos E, Rocha VG, Carneiro-Proietti ABF, Loureiro P, Flor-Park MV, Maximo C, Kelly S, Custer B, Weir BS, Sabino EC, Porto LC, Meyer D. How Ancestry Influences the Chances of Finding Unrelated Donors: An Investigation in Admixed Brazilians. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584950. [PMID: 33240273 PMCID: PMC7677137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A match of HLA loci between patients and donors is critical for successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, the extreme polymorphism of HLA loci - an outcome of millions of years of natural selection - reduces the chances that two individuals will carry identical combinations of multilocus HLA genotypes. Further, HLA variability is not homogeneously distributed throughout the world: African populations on average have greater variability than non-Africans, reducing the chances that two unrelated African individuals are HLA identical. Here, we explore how self-identification (often equated with "ethnicity" or "race") and genetic ancestry are related to the chances of finding HLA compatible donors in a large sample from Brazil, a highly admixed country. We query REDOME, Brazil's Bone Marrow Registry, and investigate how different criteria for identifying ancestry influence the chances of finding a match. We find that individuals who self-identify as "Black" and "Mixed" on average have lower chances of finding matches than those who self-identify as "White" (up to 57% reduction). We next show that an individual's African genetic ancestry, estimated using molecular markers and quantified as the proportion of an individual's genome that traces its ancestry to Africa, is strongly associated with reduced chances of finding a match (up to 60% reduction). Finally, we document that the strongest reduction in chances of finding a match is associated with having an MHC region of exclusively African ancestry (up to 75% reduction). We apply our findings to a specific condition, for which there is a clinical indication for transplantation: sickle-cell disease. We show that the increased African ancestry in patients with this disease leads to reduced chances of finding a match, when compared to the remainder of the sample, without the condition. Our results underscore the influence of ancestry on chances of finding compatible HLA matches, and indicate that efforts guided to increasing the African component of registries are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Nunes
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor R. C. Aguiar
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Silva
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C. Sena
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danielli C. M. de Oliveira
- Registro Nacional de Doadores Voluntários de Medula Óssea—REDOME, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanderson G. Rocha
- Fundação Pró Sangue, Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Serviço de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Loureiro
- Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Fundação de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Pernambuco, HEMOPE, Recife, Brazil
| | - Miriam V. Flor-Park
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto da Criança, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Shannon Kelly
- Epidemiology, Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Brian Custer
- Epidemiology, Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Bruce S. Weir
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ester C. Sabino
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Cristóvão Porto
- Laboratório de Histocompatibilidade e Criopreservação, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diogo Meyer
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Castro LP, Sahbatou M, Kehdy FSG, Farias AA, Yurchenko AA, de Souza TA, Rosa RCA, Mendes-Junior CT, Borda V, Munford V, Zanardo ÉA, Chehimi SN, Kulikowski LD, Aquino MM, Leal TP, Tarazona-Santos E, Chaibub SC, Gener B, Calmels N, Laugel V, Sarasin A, Menck CFM. The Iberian legacy into a young genetic xeroderma pigmentosum cluster in central Brazil. Mutat Res 2020; 852:503164. [PMID: 32265042 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In central Brazil, in the municipality of Faina (state of Goiás), the small and isolated village of Araras comprises a genetic cluster of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patients. The high level of consanguinity and the geographical isolation gave rise to a high frequency of XP patients. Recently, two founder events were identified affecting that community, with two independent mutations at the POLH gene, c.764 + 1 G > A (intron 6) and c.907 C > T; p.Arg303* (exon 8). These deleterious mutations lead to the xeroderma pigmentosum variant syndrome (XP-V). Previous reports identified both mutations in other countries: the intron 6 mutation in six patients (four families) from Northern Spain (Basque Country and Cantabria) and the exon 8 mutation in two patients from different families in Europe, one of them from Kosovo. In order to investigate the ancestry of the XP patients and the age for these mutations at Araras, we generated genotyping information for 22 XP-V patients from Brazil (16), Spain (6) and Kosovo (1). The local genomic ancestry and the shared haplotype segments among the patients showed that the intron 6 mutation at Araras is associated with an Iberian genetic legacy. All patients from Goiás, homozygotes for intron 6 mutation, share with the Spanish patients identical-by-descent (IBD) genomic segments comprising the mutation. The entrance date for the Iberian haplotype at the village was calculated to be approximately 200 years old. This result is in agreement with the historical arrival of Iberian individuals at the Goiás state (BR). Patients from Goiás and the three families from Spain share 1.8 cM (family 14), 1.7 cM (family 15), and a more significant segment of 4.7 cM within family 13. On the other hand, the patients carrying the exon 8 mutation do not share any specific genetic segment, indicating an old genetic distance between them or even no common ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Castro
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Sahbatou
- Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, Paris, France
| | - F S G Kehdy
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A A Farias
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A A Yurchenko
- Inserm U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - T A de Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R C A Rosa
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - C T Mendes-Junior
- Department of Chemistry, Forensic and Genomics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - V Borda
- National Laboratory for Scientific Computation (LNCC), Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V Munford
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - É A Zanardo
- Cytogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S N Chehimi
- Cytogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L D Kulikowski
- Cytogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M M Aquino
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - T P Leal
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - E Tarazona-Santos
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - S C Chaibub
- General Hospital of Goiania, Goiania, Brazil
| | - B Gener
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital. Department of Genetics, Bizkaia, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - N Calmels
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics of Alsace (IGMA), Strasbourg, France
| | - V Laugel
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics of Alsace (IGMA), Strasbourg, France
| | - A Sarasin
- UMR8200 CNRS, Gustave Roussy Institute, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - C F M Menck
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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6
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da Silva TM, Fiaccone RL, Kehdy FSG, Tarazona-Santos E, Rodrigues LC, Costa GNO, Figueiredo CA, Dos Santos DN, Feitosa CA, Fattore GL, Santos LM, Alcantara-Neves NM, Cruz ÁA, Barreto ML. African biogeographical ancestry, atopic and non-atopic asthma and atopy: A study in Latin American children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019; 54:125-132. [PMID: 30548437 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants underlying African ancestry have been suggested be implicated in the ethnic-racial inequalities reported for asthma and allergies. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between individual African ancestry and asthma symptoms, atopic and non-atopic asthma, and atopy in children. METHODS A cross-sectional study encompassing 1190 individuals was conducted. African biogeographic ancestry was estimated using 370 539 genome-wide SNPs. Serum levels of specific IgE were measured, and skin prick test (SPT) performed for the most common local aeroallergens. Information on asthma symptoms was obtained by applying the International Study of Allergy and Asthma in Childhood questionnaire. The associations between the proportion of individual African ancestry and the outcomes investigated were analyzed through multivariate models adjusted for socio-environmental variables, infections markers, and psychosocial factors. RESULTS Each 20% increase in the proportion of African ancestry was negatively associated with SPT reactivity (OR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.66-0.96) and positively associated with asthma symptoms in non-atopic individuals (OR: 1.40, 95%CI: 1.03-1.89). We estimated that socioeconomic status and number of infections mediated 28.4% of the effect of African ancestry on SPT reactivity, while 20.2% of the effect on non-atopic asthma was explained by socioeconomic status and behavioral problems in children. CONCLUSIONS The negative association observed between African ancestry and atopy is most probably explained by unobserved environmental or social factors that covariate with ancestry. For non-atopic asthma, in turn, putative genetic variants of risk underlying African ancestry may play some role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M da Silva
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire L Fiaccone
- Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Matemática, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S G Kehdy
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de, Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laura C Rodrigues
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gustavo N O Costa
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Camila A Figueiredo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Darci N Dos Santos
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Caroline A Feitosa
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gisel L Fattore
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Departamento de Salud Comunitaria, Universidad Nacional de Lanús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leticia M Santos
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Álvaro A Cruz
- ProAR-Center of Excellence in Asthma, Federal University of Bahia School of Medicine, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maurício L Barreto
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
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7
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Rodrigues-Soares F, Kehdy FSG, Sampaio-Coelho J, Andrade PXC, Céspedes-Garro C, Zolini C, Aquino MM, Barreto ML, Horta BL, Lima-Costa MF, Pereira AC, LLerena A, Tarazona-Santos E. Genetic structure of pharmacogenetic biomarkers in Brazil inferred from a systematic review and population-based cohorts: a RIBEF/EPIGEN-Brazil initiative. Pharmacogenomics J 2018; 18:749-759. [PMID: 29713005 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-018-0015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present allele frequencies involving 39 pharmacogenetic biomarkers studied in Brazil, and their distribution on self-reported race/color categories that: (1) involve a mix of perceptions about ancestry, morphological traits, and cultural/identity issues, being social constructs pervasively used in Brazilian society and medical studies; (2) are associated with disparities in access to health services, as well as in their representation in genetic studies, and (3), as we report here, explain a larger portion of the variance of pharmaco-allele frequencies than geography. We integrated a systematic review of studies on healthy volunteers (years 1968-2017) and the analysis of allele frequencies on three population-based cohorts from northeast, southeast, and south, the most populated regions of Brazil. Cross-validation of results from these both approaches suggest that, despite methodological heterogeneity of the 120 studies conducted on 51,747 healthy volunteers, allele frequencies estimates from systematic review are reliable. We report differences in allele frequencies between color categories that persist despite the homogenizing effect of >500 years of admixture. Among clinically relevant variants: CYP2C9*2 (null), CYP3A5*3 (defective), SLCO1B1-rs4149056(C), and VKORC1-rs9923231(A) are more frequent in Whites than in Blacks. Brazilian Native Americans show lower frequencies of CYP2C9*2, CYP2C19*17 (increased activity), and higher of SLCO1B1-rs4149056(C) than other Brazilian populations. We present the most current and informative database of pharmaco-allele frequencies in Brazilian healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rodrigues-Soares
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Gerência de Malária, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S G Kehdy
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Julia Sampaio-Coelho
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Poliana X C Andrade
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina Céspedes-Garro
- Education and Research Department, Genetics Section, School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Camila Zolini
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Beagle, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marla M Aquino
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauricio L Barreto
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-040, Brazil.,Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Institute Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adrián LLerena
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital and Medical School, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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8
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da Silva TM, Fiaccone RL, Kehdy FSG, Tarazona-Santos E, Rodrigues LC, Costa GNO, Figueiredo CA, Alcantara-Neves NM, Barreto ML. Biogeographical ancestry is associated with socioenvironmental conditions and infections in a Latin American urban population. SSM Popul Health 2018; 4:301-306. [PMID: 29854914 PMCID: PMC5976841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Racial inequalities are observed for different diseases and are mainly caused by differences in socioeconomic status between ethnoracial groups. Genetic factors have also been implicated, and recently, several studies have investigated the association between biogeographical ancestry (BGA) and complex diseases. However, the role of BGA as a proxy for non-genetic health determinants has been little investigated. Similarly, studies comparing the association of BGA and self-reported skin colour with these determinants are scarce. Here, we report the association of BGA and self-reported skin colour with socioenvironmental conditions and infections. We studied 1246 children living in a Brazilian urban poor area. The BGA was estimated using 370,539 genome-wide autosomal markers. Standardised questionnaires were administered to the children’s guardians to evaluate socioenvironmental conditions. Infection (or pathogen exposure) was defined by the presence of positive serologic test results for IgG to seven pathogens (Toxocara spp, Toxoplasma gondii, Helicobacter pylori, and hepatitis A, herpes simplex, herpes zoster and Epstein-Barr viruses) and the presence of intestinal helminth eggs in stool samples (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichiuris trichiura). African ancestry was negatively associated with maternal education and household income and positively associated with infections and variables, indicating poorer housing and living conditions. The self-reported skin colour was associated with infections only. In stratified analyses, the proportion of African ancestry was associated with most of the outcomes investigated, particularly among admixed individuals. In conclusion, BGA was associated with socioenvironmental conditions and infections even in a low-income and highly admixed population, capturing differences that self-reported skin colour miss. Importantly, our findings suggest caution in interpreting significant associations between BGA and diseases as indicative of the genetic factors involved. We studied the relationship between BGA and social determinants of health. We compared the BGA and the self-reported skin color as proxies for these determinants. African ancestry was associated with poor socioenvironmental conditions and infections. The self-reported skin color was associated with infections only. Social stratification related to BGA persists even in a poor and highly admixed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Magalhães da Silva
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié 45206-190, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire L Fiaccone
- Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Matemática, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S G Kehdy
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laura C Rodrigues
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gustavo N O Costa
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Camila A Figueiredo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício L Barreto
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
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9
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Costa GNO, Dudbridge F, Fiaccone RL, da Silva TM, Conceição JS, Strina A, Figueiredo CA, Magalhães WCS, Rodrigues MR, Gouveia MH, Kehdy FSG, Horimoto ARVR, Horta B, Burchard EG, Pino-Yanes M, Del Rio Navarro B, Romieu I, Hancock DB, London S, Lima-Costa MF, Pereira AC, Tarazona E, Rodrigues LC, Barreto ML. A genome-wide association study of asthma symptoms in Latin American children. BMC Genet 2015; 16:141. [PMID: 26635092 PMCID: PMC4669662 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways and, despite the advances in the knowledge of associated genetic regions in recent years, their mechanisms have yet to be explored. Several genome-wide association studies have been carried out in recent years, but none of these have involved Latin American populations with a high level of miscegenation, as is seen in the Brazilian population. Methods 1246 children were recruited from a longitudinal cohort study in Salvador, Brazil. Asthma symptoms were identified in accordance with an International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Following quality control, 1 877 526 autosomal SNPs were tested for association with childhood asthma symptoms by logistic regression using an additive genetic model. We complemented the analysis with an estimate of the phenotypic variance explained by common genetic variants. Replications were investigated in independent Mexican and US Latino samples. Results Two chromosomal regions reached genome-wide significance level for childhood asthma symptoms: the 14q11 region flanking the DAD1 and OXA1L genes (rs1999071, MAF 0.32, OR 1.78, 95 % CI 1.45–2.18, p-value 2.83 × 10−8) and 15q22 region flanking the FOXB1 gene (rs10519031, MAF 0.04, OR 3.0, 95 % CI 2.02–4.49, p-value 6.68 × 10−8 and rs8029377, MAF 0.03, OR 2.49, 95 % CI 1.76–3.53, p-value 2.45 × 10−7). eQTL analysis suggests that rs1999071 regulates the expression of OXA1L gene. However, the original findings were not replicated in the Mexican or US Latino samples. Conclusions We conclude that the 14q11 and 15q22 regions may be associated with asthma symptoms in childhood. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0296-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo N O Costa
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | | | - Thiago M da Silva
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | | | - Agostino Strina
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Camila A Figueiredo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Wagner C S Magalhães
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Maira R Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Mateus H Gouveia
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda S G Kehdy
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | | | - Bernardo Horta
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Blanca Del Rio Navarro
- Department of Health and Human Services, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
| | | | - Dana B Hancock
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Research Triangle Institute (RTI) International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Stephanie London
- Department of Health and Human Services, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
| | | | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Tarazona
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Laura C Rodrigues
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Mauricio L Barreto
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil. .,Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.
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10
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Abstract
Of all DNA markers on the human Y-chromosome, the tetra-local Y-linked microsatellite DYS464 is the most polymorphic. We genotyped DYS464 in 677 male samples collected worldwide, maintained in the HGDP-CEPH Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel. Fourteen different alleles were found, with allele lengths varying from 9 to 23 repeats. One hundred and seventy-five different genotypes were detected, of which 90 appeared to be continent-specific. The region with the highest percentage of unique genotypes was Africa. Genotype diversity was 0.98 for Europe, 0.97 for Central and East Asia, 0.95 for Africa, 0.94 for Oceania, 0.92 for the Middle East, and 0.90 for the Americas. A hierarchical analysis of molecular variance showed low levels of worldwide genetic structure; 88.42% of the genetic variance was found within populations, 9.62% between populations within regions and 1.96% between regions. Since the four DYS464 repeats are identical, one cannot assign each peak in the electropherogram to a specific locus. Thus, the same genotype may correspond to several haplotypes, with different permutations of alleles. Consequently, genotypes are degenerate, which limits phylogeographical analyses. Yet, because of its high variability, DYS464 still constitutes an informative tool for population and evolutionary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S G Kehdy
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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11
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Camelo RM, Kehdy FSG, Salas CE, Lopes MTP. Amifostine protection against mitomycin-induced chromosomal breakage in fanconi anaemia lymphocytes. Molecules 2008; 13:1759-72. [PMID: 18794784 PMCID: PMC6245386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13081759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a rare genetic chromosomal instability syndrome caused by impairment of DNA repair and reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance. This disease is also related to bone marrow failure and cancer. Treatment of these complications with radiation and alkylating agents may enhance chromosomal breakage. We have evaluated the effect of amifostine (AMF) on basal and mitomycin C (MMC)-induced chromosomal breakage in FA blood cells using the micronucleus assay. The basal micronuclei count was higher among FA patients than healthy subjects. Pre-treatment with AMF significantly inhibited micronucleation induced by MMC in healthy subjects (23.4 ± 4.0 – MMC vs 12.3 ± 2.9 – AMF → MMC) MN/1000CB, p < 0.01, one way ANOVA) as well as in FA patients (80.0 ± 5.8 – MMC vs 40.1 ± 5.8 – AMF → MMC) MN/1000CB, p < 0.01, ANOVA). Release of ROS by peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with AMF → MMC and measured by chemoluminometry showed that AMF-protection was statistically higher among FA patients than in healthy individuals. Based on these results we suggest that AMF prevents chromosomal breakage induced by MMC, probably by its antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M. Camelo
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S. G. Kehdy
- Department of General Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Salas
- Departamento Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ; Phone/Fax: +55-31-3409-2646
| | - Miriam T. P. Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
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12
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Kehdy FSG, Cerqueira EMM, Bonjardim MB, Camelo RM, Castro MCL. Study of the cytogenetic effects of occupational exposure to pesticides on sanitation workers in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Genet Mol Res 2007; 6:581-593. [PMID: 17985311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sanitation workers handling pesticides in the control of disease vectors constitute an occupationally exposed population to genotoxic substances. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between the occupational exposure to various pesticides and the presence of cytogenetic damage. Fifty-nine men were selected (29 sanitation workers and 30 control individuals) with ages varying between 18-57 years who lived and worked in the same area in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). The following parameters were determined for all individuals using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes: MN/1000 binucleated cells (BC), BC with MN (BCMN)/1000 BC, nucleoplasmic bridges (NB)/1000 BC, apoptotic and necrotic cells/500 cells and nuclear division index. The analysis of covariance showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) mean frequencies of MN (15.81 +/- 1.31 vs 4.71 +/- 0.42), BCMN (15.10 +/- 1.22 vs 4.62 +/- 0.44), NB (4.59 +/- 0.76 vs 1.00 +/- 0.34), and necrotic cells (12.07 +/- 1.45 vs 5.17 +/- 0.70) in the exposed group when compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the apoptotic cell frequency between the two groups, while the nuclear division index was significantly lower (1.49 +/- 0.02 vs 1.61 +/- 0.02) in the control group. Neither the time of exposure nor the smoking or alcohol drinking habit influenced the cytogenetic parameters examined. According to these results, occupational exposure to pesticides induced genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in sanitation workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S G Kehdy
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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