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Jabeen S, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Althobaiti AT, Ozdemir FA, Kutlu MA, Makhkamov TK, Sultana S, Ameen M, Majeed S. Ultra-sculpturing of seed morphotypes in selected species of genus Salvia L. and their taxonomic significance. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023; 25:96-106. [PMID: 36181702 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The taxonomic importance of macromorphological and micromorphological seed characteristics was investigated using SEM of ten species of the Salvia genus from Pakistan. The aim was to identify diagnostic seed ultrastructural features that could aid in species delimitation, correct identification and phylogenetic position. The ultrastructure of Salvia varies greatly, and a wide range of unique micromorphological features have been observed. Seed micromorphological features were explored by SEM, including seed shape, colour, texture, cell outline, surface sculpturing, epidermal cell arrangement, anticlinal, and periclinal wall pattern. Seed shapes were categorized as obovate, spherical, spheroid, broadly elliptic, elliptic and oblong, mostly with a terminal hilum. Seed colours were black, light brown, dark brown, brown and yellow. Exo-morphological characters, i.e. epidermal cell arrangements, included irregular, wavy pentagonal-hexagonal, regular pentagonal-hexagonal. Cluster analysis was used to assess similar and distinct species within Salvia with a feasible explanation. Taxonomic keys were made based on micromorphological qualitative features that help to delimit species and identify them quickly within the Salvia genus. Seed morphology of ten Salvia species was described and investigated, and the diagnostic significance of features evaluated using SEM. This study analysed seed features, especially at the species level, which might provide much new taxonomic information. The results revealed that, in seed morphology, using SEM can help with taxon identification, especially at the genus and species levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jabeen
- Department of Plant Systematics and Biodiversity Lab Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Zafar
- Department of Plant Systematics and Biodiversity Lab Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmad
- Department of Plant Systematics and Biodiversity Lab Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A T Althobaiti
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - F A Ozdemir
- Bingöl University Faculty of Science and Literature - Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bingol, Turkey
| | - M A Kutlu
- Beekeeping Research Development Applications Centre Offices, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - T K Makhkamov
- Department of forestry and landscape design, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan
| | - S Sultana
- Department of Plant Systematics and Biodiversity Lab Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Ameen
- Department of Plant Systematics and Biodiversity Lab Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Majeed
- Department of Plant Systematics and Biodiversity Lab Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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2
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Lubna, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Shah GM, Khan AM, Kilic O, Yilmaz E, Ozdemir FA, Ali MI, Shah MA, Sultana S, Ahmad S. Application and implication of scanning electron microscopy for evaluation of palyno-morphological features of Vitaceae from Pakistan. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:608-617. [PMID: 33064896 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the palyno-morphological features of species of family Vitaceae from Pakistan. A total of nine species, belonging to four genera were collected, pressed, identified, and then analyzed microscopically. Both quantitative and qualitative characters of the pollen grains were recorded including polar and equatorial diameter, P/E ratio, number of colpi and pores, exine thickness and shapes of the pollen in both polar and equatorial view, and exine sculpturing using Leica microscope fitted with camera Meiji Infinity 1 and then analyzed statistically using software IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The results of the present study demonstrated the variations in polar and equatorial diameter, exine thickness, P/E ratio, pollen shape, and exine sculpturing of the studied species and highlighted the significance of pollen morphology as an identification tool. The present study may contribute to better understand the classification at genus level, which will support the future phylogenetic characterization of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mujtaba Shah
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amir Muhammad Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Omer Kilic
- Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yilmaz
- Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Fethi A Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabir Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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3
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Bano A, Rashid S, Ahmad M, Bhatti GR, Yaseen G, Anjum F, Ahmed SN, Zafar M, Asma M, Sultana S, Adeel M, Ozdemir FA, Kilic O. Comparative pollen and foliar micromorphological studies using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of some selected species of Lamiaceae from Alpine Zone of Deosai Plateau, Western Himalayas. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:579-588. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abida Bano
- Department of BotanyFG Degree College for Women, Skardu Pakistan
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Sofia Rashid
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of Bio sciencesCOMSATS University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | | | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of BotanyPMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Farida Anjum
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Sidra N. Ahmed
- Department of BotanyThe Women University Multan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Maliha Asma
- Department of Environmental SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Department of BotanyPMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Fethi A. Ozdemir
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsBingol University Turkey
| | - Omer Kilic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy Adıyaman Turkey
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4
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Ahmad S, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Ali MI, Sultana S, Rashid N, Butt MA, Shah SN, Ozdemir FA, Kutlu MA, Afza R, Usma A, Nazish M. Seed morphology using SEM techniques for identification of useful grasses in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:249-258. [PMID: 31738478 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In recent study, 15 taxa of family Poaceae from Dera Ghazi Khan were investigated for morphological characterization of seeds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to study morphological features of grass seeds. Moreover, economic importance of studied taxa has been discussed in present research. Grass seeds or caryopsis were collected in their mature state from different areas of Dera Ghazi Khan. Collected caryopses were subjected to SEM to investigate surface sculpture, epidermal cell shape, and cell wall patterns. Caryopsis shape observed was elliptic to oval. Also, the morphology of plant is being investigated. Cell wall pattern observed was straight and wavy. Surface sculpturing varies from smooth to reticulate. Epidermal cell shape was either wavy or irregular. Hilum position is terminal in all species. Epidermal cell structure and cell wall pattern was not observable in some species. Major variations among studied taxa were observed in terms of seed surface pattern. Five types of caryopsis surface pattern were observed namely, striate, smooth, reticulate, papillate, and granulate. Investigated taxa illustrated variations in terms of studied morphological features. Utilization of SEM has been proved very helpful in exploring seed morphological features. These observed features can aid in delimitation and identification of various grass taxa. Recent research recommends the utilization of SEM for caryopsis morphology to solve the identification issue of problematic grass genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Neelam Rashid
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Maryam A Butt
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed N Shah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fethi A Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Mehmet A Kutlu
- Beekeeping Research Development Applications Centre Offices, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Rabia Afza
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Anwer Usma
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Moona Nazish
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
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5
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Dawood S, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Ali MI, Ahmad K, Sultana S, Usma A, Nazish M, Butt MA, Ozdemir FA, Kilic O. Identification of novel nonedible oil seeds via scanning electron microscopy for biodiesel production. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:165-175. [PMID: 31663216 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exploration of substitute energy feed-stocks is the much-debated topic in the scientific society due to increasing power crises and related ecological concerns. As a source of sustainable energy, biodiesel turns out to be the best alternative to petro fuels. In this context, nonedible oil-producing seeds might be a potential source for biodiesel production owing to their environment-friendly nature and cost-effectiveness. The current study, consequently, deals with the investigation and identification of micro-morphological characters between six novel nonedible oil-bearing seeds employing scanning electron microscopy as possible biodiesel feed-stocks. Light microscopic examinations show that seed size varies from 0.3 to 1.3 cm in width and 0.5 to 1.5 cm in. Additionally, a large difference in seed color ranges from dark brown, black, and various shades of light brown was also witnessed. The FFA content of the seeds ranges in 0.3-4.1 mg KOH/g, and the seed oil content fall in 30-65% (w/w) range. SEM-mediated seed ultrastructure investigations displays greater variation in seed size, shape, color, periclinal wall shape, and sculpturing and so on. All the seeds differ from rounded, ovoid, ovate, oblong, flattened, and elliptical shape. Greater variation in seed wall structure has been seen from angular, entire, irregular, straight, elongated, smooth, and polygonal. The periclinal wall arrangements show alteration from flat, depressed, elevated, smooth, pentagonal, bullate, and coarse seed margins. The results obtained from the current study suggest that scanning electron microscopy could be a beneficial tool in vitalizing the hidden micromorphological characters among various nonedible oil producing seeds, which eventually helps in exploration, correct identification, seed classification, and authentication in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumreen Dawood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University, Abbotabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwer Usma
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Moona Nazish
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam A Butt
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fethi A Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Omer Kilic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
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6
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Khan SU, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Anjum F, Sultana S, Kilic O, Ozdemir FA, Nazir A, Yaseen G, Aabidin SZU, Abbas Q, Ahmad M, Ullah F, Majeed S. Pollen micromorphological analysis of tribe Acacieae (Mimosaceae) with LM and SEM techniques. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1610-1620. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzeb U. Khan
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Farida Anjum
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Omer Kilic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Science of PharmacyAdıyaman University Adıyaman Turkey
| | - Fethi A. Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and ArtBingol University Bingol Turkey
| | - Abdul Nazir
- Department of Environmental SciencesCOMSATS University Abbotabad Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of BotanyPMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Z. U. Aabidin
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological SciencesGomal University D. I. Khan Pakistan
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Biological Science DepartmentKarakoram International University Gilgit, Gilgit‐Baltistan Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Salman Majeed
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
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7
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Usma A, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Ali MI, Kilic O, Ozdemir FA, Sultana S, Nazir A, Anjum F, Kalsoom N. Taxonomic significance of caryopsis in subfamily Panicoideae (Poaceae) using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1649-1659. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwer Usma
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I. Ali
- Department of MicrobiologyQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Omer Kilic
- Adıyaman UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Science of Pharmacy Adıyaman Turkey
| | - Fethi A. Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and ArtBingol University Bingol Turkey
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nazir
- Department of Environmental SciencesCOMSATS University Abbotabad Pakistan
| | - Farida Anjum
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Nomana Kalsoom
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
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8
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Naz S, Zafar M, Ahmad M, Memon RA, Sultana S, Bahadur S, Ozdemir FA, Siddiq Z, Shah MA. Palynological investigation of lactiferous flora (Apocynaceae) of District Rawalpindi, Pakistan, using light and scanning electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1410-1418. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeeda Naz
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Rabia A. Memon
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Sindh Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Fethi A. Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsFaculty of Science and Art, Bingol University Bingol Turkey
| | - Zafar Siddiq
- Department of BotanyGC University Lahore Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A. Shah
- Department of PharmacognosyGC University Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan
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9
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Ahmed SN, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Rashid S, Yaseen G, Sultana S, Siddiq Z, Kilic O, Ozdemir FA, Kayani S. Comparative light and scanning electron microscopy in authentication of adulterated traded medicinal plants. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1174-1183. [PMID: 30994962 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The medicinal plants are utilized globally considering the cheap and chemical free source, but their correct identification and authentication is prerequisite for safety and efficacy of plant-based medicines. The present study encompassed traded medicinal plants (16) with high therapeutic value from diverse families like Brassicaceae, Berberidaceae, Malvaceae, Salicaceae, Myrtaceae, Papilionaceae, Ascelpiadaceae, Colchicaceae, Violaceae, and Vitaceae for detailed microscopic study of characters that is, morphology, pollen shape and sizes, P/E ratio, pore length and width, spine length, colpi dimensions, and exine sculpture pattern. The plants showed noteworthy differences in microscopy of Wattakaka volubilis having pollinia, translator and corpusculum like structures while pores were visible in Colchicum luteum, Alcea rosea, and Hibiscus syriacus. The spines were observed in Centipeda minima, A. rosea, and H. syriacus being dimorphic spines in A. rosea and monomorphic in H. syriacus. The exine sculpturing pattern was reticulate in mostly studied plants however distinctive exine pattern was noted in Berberis aristata and Berberis lyceum. The highest polar diameter, equatorial diameter and exine thickness among studied plants were observed in H. syriacus (161 μm), C. luteum (50 μm) and Vitis jacquemontii (1.10), respectively. Thus, microscopy of medicinal plants in addition to other taxonomic evidence offers a supportive skill in authentication, consequently utilization by local consumers and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra N Ahmed
- Department of Botany, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Rashid
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Bio Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Siddiq
- Department of Botany, GC University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Omer Kilic
- Technical Sciences Vocational School, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Fethi A Ozdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Sadaf Kayani
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide is found extensively in the innervation of the intestine and has potent pharmacological effects on secretion, blood flow, and motility. Although essential for assessing the physiological significance of CGRP, detailed information concerning the distribution of its receptor(s) within the intestine is lacking. By using autoradiographic methods, we identified specific binding sites for 125I-tyr0-CGRP-alpha in all regions of the rat small and large intestine. Particularly dense saturatable binding is observed within the lamina propria. There is moderate saturatible binding in the myenteric plexuses. These findings clearly support the notion that CGRP has a neuroeffector role in intestinal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Ozdemir
- Clinical Research Unit for Gastrointestinal Endocrinology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
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Ozdemir FA, Rosenow F, Slenczka W, Kleine TO, Oertel WH. [Early summer meningoencephalitis. Extension of the endemic area to mid-Hessia]. Nervenarzt 1999; 70:119-22. [PMID: 10098146 DOI: 10.1007/s001150050411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most severe arbovirus disease transmitted by ticks. The mortality of the central European form is 0.7-2%. Active immunisation is recommended for endemic regions. We report on 4 patients with TBE acquired in Middle-Hessen between 1994 and 1997 (2 in 1997). After repeated CSF and serum testing the TBE-specific antibodies were found in all 4 cases. In one case there was also evidence for a prior infection with borrelia burgdorferi. The results of the initial CSF-analysis were atypical in 2 cases (high cell count of 136 cells/mm3, total protein up to 1.5 g/l). The endemic region for TBE has expanded in northern direction into Middle-Hessen, a region in which Lyme borreliosis is also endemic. Thus, true double infections are possible. This and the initially frequently atypical CSF-findings make the differential diagnosis difficult. Therefore, repetitive CSF and blood examinations are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Ozdemir
- Klinik für Neurologie mit Poliklinik, Medizinisches Zentrum für Nervenheilhunde, Philipps-Universität, Marburg
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