1
|
Fuentes I Ferrer MV, Sáez-Durán S, Bueno-Marí R, Galán-Puchades MT. [Health implications of the finding of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the main cause of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis, in continental Europe (Valencia, Spain)]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2023; 97:perspectiva31_fuentes_saez_bueno_galan. [PMID: 37937820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The rat pulmonary artery nematode, Angiostrongylus cantonensis (discovered in rats from the province of Canton, southern China, in 1933 ) is the main cause in humans of what is known as eosinophilic meningoencephalitis (EEM), with around of 3,000 confirmed cases in various parts of the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Sáez-Durán
- Grupo de Investigación Parásitos y Salud; Facultat de Farmàcia; Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
| | - Rubén Bueno-Marí
- Grupo de Investigación Parásitos y Salud; Facultat de Farmàcia; Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
- Laboratorios Lokimica. Paterna (València). España
| | - María Teresa Galán-Puchades
- Grupo de Investigación Parásitos y Salud; Facultat de Farmàcia; Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rehman SU, Farooq S, Tariq MB, Nasir N, Wasay M, Masood S, Karim M. Clinical manifestations and outcome of patients with primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in Pakistan. A single-center experience. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290394. [PMID: 37939056 PMCID: PMC10631667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rapidly progressing central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by Naegleria fowleri, a free-living amoeba found in warm freshwater. The disease progression is very rapid, and the outcome is nearly always fatal. We aim to describe the disease course in patients admitted with PAM in a tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan between the periods of 2010 to 2021. A total of 39 patients were included in the study, 33 males (84.6%). The median age of the patients was 34 years. The most frequent presenting complaint was fever, which was found in 37 patients (94.9%) followed by headache in 28 patients (71.8%), nausea and vomiting in 27 patients (69.2%), and seizures in 10 patients (25.6%). Overall, 39 patients underwent lumbar puncture, 27 patients (69.2%) had a positive motile trophozoites on CSF wet preparation microscopy, 18 patients (46.2%) had a positive culture, and 10 patients had a positive PCR. CSF analysis resembled bacterial meningitis with elevated white blood cell counts with predominantly neutrophils (median, 3000 [range, 1350-7500] cells/μL), low glucose levels median, 14 [range, 1-92] mg/dL), and elevated protein levels (median, 344 [range, 289-405] mg/dL). Imaging results were abnormal in approximately three-fourths of the patients which included cerebral edema (66.7%), hydrocephalus (25.6%), and cerebral infarctions (12.8%). Only one patient survived. PAM is a fatal illness with limited treatment success. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment can improve the survival of the patients and reduce mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Salman Farooq
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tariq
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Nosheen Nasir
- Aga Khan University and Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Wasay
- Aga Khan University and Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Masood
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Musa Karim
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alali M, Tat K, Hamilton S, Streicher DA, Carlucci JG. Human parechovirus encephalitis in infants: a retrospective single-center study (2017-2022). Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:4457-4465. [PMID: 37490108 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Parechoviruses cause a spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from self-limited to severe encephalitis. In July 2022, state health departments across the USA received an increase in reports of PeV infections among infants. A retrospective cohort study describing the clinical characteristics and outcomes of PeV encephalitis in infants aged < 90 days. Rates of PeV encephalitis were determined based on the number of PeV encephalitis cases out of all meningoencephalitis multiplex polymerase chain reaction panel (MEP) obtained among infants aged < 90 days per year. Out of 2115 infants evaluated for meningoencephalitis, 32 (1.5%) cases of PeV encephalitis were identified. All cases had an absence of pleocytosis and normal protein and glucose levels on CSF analysis. Half of the cases presented with a symptomatic triad (fever, rash, and fussiness). More than one-third of cases (39%) presented with a sepsis-like syndrome, 13% presented with seizures, and 25% were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). MRI of the brain was obtained in four of the cases presented with seizure, all of which demonstrated characteristic radiological findings of the periventricular white matter with frontoparietal predominance and involving the corpus callosum, thalami, and internal and external capsules. Rates of PeV encephalitis varied from year to year, with the highest rates in 2018 and 2022. PeV was the second most detected pathogen in MEP in both 2018 and 2022, and the fifth most detected pathogen in all positive MEP during the study period 2017-2022. CONCLUSION PeV can cause encephalitis and sepsis-like syndrome in infants, and it should be considered even with normal CSF parameters. Prospective studies are needed to better understand PeV epidemiology and to monitor outbreaks. WHAT IS KNOWN • PeV is a frequent cause of encephalitis and clinical sepsis in infants in the first 90 days. • Normal CSF parameters in PeV encephalitis and diagnostic importance of MEP to avoid unnecessary prolonged antibiotics and hospitalization.. • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Health Advisory alert in Summer 2022 of uptick PeV encephalitis cases in the USA likely secondary of COVID-19 mitigation measures relaxation, but no comparison with previous years.. WHAT IS NEW • Knowledge of radiological MRI brain characteristics in PeV encephalitis can be a clue diagnosis. • Knowledge of the biennial seasonality pattern in PeV infection. • PeV was the second most detected pathogen in BIOFIRE ME panel in both 2018 and 2022 in our cohort sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muayad Alali
- Department of Pediatrics, Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Kiet Tat
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shannon Hamilton
- Department of Pediatrics, Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Drew A Streicher
- Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - James G Carlucci
- Department of Pediatrics, Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vinayan KP, Dudipala SC, Roy AG, Anand V. Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Eosinophilic Meningoencephalitis in South Indian Children: Experience From a Prospective Registry. Pediatr Neurol 2023; 147:9-13. [PMID: 37516067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of a prospective cohort of children with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. METHODS Children admitted with clinical features suggestive of meningitis along with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) eosinophilia during the period of 14 years (2008 to 2021) were included. Their baseline characteristics, epidemiologic associations, and treatment outcomes were analyzed and compared with the previous studies. RESULTS We identified 25 children (13 males) satisfying the inclusion criteria. The median age at presentation was 3.9 years (range 0.8 to 17 years); 68% were aged less than two years. Fourteen (56%) children had a history of exposure to snails. Most of them presented with fever, headache, irritability, lateral rectus palsy, and early papilledema. Symptoms started three to 42 days (median duration: 14 days) before admission to our center. All children had peripheral eosinophilia, which ranged from 9% to 41%. The mean CSF white blood cell count was 416/mm3 (range 50 to 1245 cells/mm3) with CSF eosinophilia ranging from 11% to 80%. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was done in 24 children and was normal in 15 (62.5%). Leptomeningeal enhancement was seen in two (8.3%) children, and other nonspecific changes were noted in seven (29.1%) children. All children recovered without any neurological deficits with a standard treatment regimen of albendazole and oral steroids. All were asymptomatic at the last follow-up. None of them had any recurrence during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION We report one of the largest clinical series of children with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis from an endemic area of South India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sai Chandar Dudipala
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Arun Grace Roy
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Vaishakh Anand
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thy M, de Montmollin E, Bouadma L, Timsit JF, Sonneville R. Severe meningoencephalitis: epidemiology and outcomes. Curr Opin Crit Care 2023; 29:415-422. [PMID: 37641514 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000001087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article aims to provide an updated review on the epidemiology and outcomes of severe meningoencephalitis. RECENT FINDINGS Meningoencephalitis is a critical medical condition characterized by inflammation in both the meninges and brain parenchyma. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections are common causes, although noninfectious factors, such as autoimmune causes, can also contribute. In patients requiring intensive care, meningoencephalitis is associated with a severe prognosis, including mortality rates ranging from 11 to 25% and functional disability in 15-25% of survivors. Recent multicenter studies have identified several parameters linked to poor outcomes, including older age, immunocompromised status, focal neurologic signs, abnormal brain imaging, and delayed administration of antimicrobials. The use of new multiplex PCR techniques for diagnosis has generated debate based on recent data. Investigation is still needed to determine the effectiveness of adjunctive therapies, including seizure prophylaxis, and adjunctive steroids for nonbacterial causes. SUMMARY Recent multicenter studies have enhanced our understanding of the current epidemiology and outcomes of severe meningoencephalitis in adult patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Thy
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital
- EA 7323 - Pharmacology and Therapeutic Evaluation in Children and Pregnant Women
| | - Etienne de Montmollin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lila Bouadma
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Timsit
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Romain Sonneville
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shakoor S, Fatima T, Mir F, Shahid A, Shaheen N, Khan E, Jamil B. Etiology of Acute Infectious Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis in Karachi, Pakistan: Retrospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Center. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:450-459. [PMID: 37460090 PMCID: PMC10397433 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Meningoencephalitis (ME) is potentially fatal and is caused by a wide array of pathogens. Diagnostic and health-care access gaps prevent accurate estimation of the pathogen-specific burden in low-resource settings. We present pathogen-specific etiologies among patients hospitalized with ME in Karachi, Pakistan. We performed a retrospective hospital database evaluation of pathogen etiology and outcomes of community-acquired infectious ME at a single tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan. Annual rates of hospitalization (ARH) were calculated by adjusting for missed cases and are reported per 100,000 population. From May 2017 to April 2020, 522 episodes of infectious ME were identified in 514 patients. The overall ARH from ME was 5.7/100,000 population (95% CI, 5.1-6.1). Among children younger than 5 years, the ARH was 9.8/100,000 population (95% CI, 8.1-11.8). Unknown causes of ME resulted in the greatest burden, with an ARH of 1.9/100,000 population (95% CI, 1.7-2.2). Among known causes, the greatest burden of hospitalizations resulted from tuberculous ME (0.8/100,000; 95% CI, 0.6-0.97), followed by pneumococcal and enteroviral ME (both 0.6/100,000 population; 95% CI, 0.5-0.8). The burden of ME caused by pathogens preventable through vaccination or public health measures outweighed that of ME from other causes (P = 0.0092, Fisher's exact test). We report a broad range of pathogens causing ME in southern Pakistan and show a high burden of preventable illness. Synergistic actions to improve diagnostic strategies, increase vaccinations, and introduce measures to reduce water-borne and vector-borne diseases are required to reduce the ME burden in Pakistan and prevent future outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Shakoor
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tazeen Fatima
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Mir
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asima Shahid
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Najma Shaheen
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Erum Khan
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Jamil
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maloney P, Mowrer C, Jansen L, Karre T, Bedrnicek J, Obaro SK, Iwen PC, McCutchen E, Wetzel C, Frederick J, Ashraf MS, Donahue M. Fatal Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis in Nebraska: Case Report and Environmental Investigation, August 2022. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:322-326. [PMID: 37460088 PMCID: PMC10397427 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare and lethal infection caused by Naegleria fowleri. We report an epidemiological and environmental investigation relating to a case of PAM in a previously healthy boy age 8 years. An interview of the patient's family was conducted to determine the likely exposure site and to assess risk factors. Data from the United States Geological Survey site at Waterloo, NE, on the Elkhorn River were used to estimate water temperature and streamflow at the time and site of exposure. Data from the National Weather Service were used to estimate precipitation and ambient air temperature at the time and site of exposure. Despite conventional treatment, the patient died 2 days after hospital admission. The patient participated in recreational water activities in the Elkhorn River in northeastern Nebraska 5 days before symptom onset. In the week before exposure, water and ambient air high temperatures reached annual highs, averaging 32.4°C and 35.8°C, respectively. The day before infection, 2.2 cm of precipitation was reported. Streamflow was low (407 ft3/s). Infections in several northern states, including Nebraska, suggest an expanding geographic range of N. fowleri transmission, which may lead to increased incidence of PAM in the United States. Similar environmental investigations at suspected exposure sites of future cases will allow data aggregation, enabling investigators to correlate environmental factors with infection risk accurately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Maloney
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Clayton Mowrer
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lauren Jansen
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Workforce Development, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tess Karre
- Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | | | | | | | - Chad Wetzel
- Douglas County Health Department, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | - Muhammad Salman Ashraf
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Matthew Donahue
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Damasceno LS, Cézar RC, Canuto MCDS, Barbosa Neto JDP, Leitão TDMJS. Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis: Risk factors associated to death in a hospital in Northeastern Brazil. J Mycol Med 2023; 33:101407. [PMID: 37295283 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic systemic mycosis caused by pathogenic encapsulated yeasts of the genus Cryptococcus. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with death of patients diagnosed with meningitis due to Cryptococcus spp. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients admitted to the São José Hospital (SJH) with Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis (CM) who were diagnosed between 2010 and 2018. Data collection was carried out by reviewing the patients' medical records. Death during hospitalization was considered the primary outcome. RESULTS From 2010 to 2018, 21,519 patients were admitted to the HSJ, 124 of whom were hospitalized due to CM. The CM incidence rate was 5.8 cases/103 hospitalizations. We included 112 patients in the study. Male patients were the most affected (82.1%), and the median age was 37 years [IQR: 29-45]. HIV coinfection occurred in 79.4% of the patients. Fever (65.2%) and headache (88.4%) were the most frequent symptoms. Greater cellularity in the CSF was the most related factor to CM in non-HIV individuals (p < 0.05). Death during hospitalization occurred in 28.6% (n = 32) of the patients. The independent risk factors associated with death during the hospitalization were women (p = 0.009), age > 35 years (p = 0.046), focal neurological deficits (p = 0.013), altered mental status (p = 0.018) and HIV infection (p = 0.040). The twelve-month survival was lower in HIV-positive patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Early diagnosis, optimal treatment, and clinical follow-up strategies, especially in HIV patients, should be prioritized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisandra Serra Damasceno
- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Renan Carrasco Cézar
- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Terezinha do Menino Jesus Silva Leitão
- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Haston JC, Cope JR. Amebic encephalitis and meningoencephalitis: an update on epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2023; 36:186-191. [PMID: 37093056 PMCID: PMC10798061 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Free-living amebae (FLA) including Naegleria fowleri , Balamuthia mandrillaris , and Acanthamoeba species can cause rare, yet severe infections that are nearly always fatal. This review describes recent developments in epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of amebic meningoencephalitis. RECENT FINDINGS Despite similarities among the three pathogenic FLA, there are notable variations in disease presentations, routes of transmission, populations at risk, and outcomes for each. Recently, molecular diagnostic tools have been used to diagnose a greater number of FLA infections. Treatment regimens for FLA have historically relied on survivor reports; more data is needed about novel treatments, including nitroxoline. SUMMARY Research to identify new drugs and guide treatment regimens for amebic meningoencephalitis is lacking. However, improved diagnostic capabilities may lead to earlier diagnoses, allowing earlier treatment initiation and improved outcomes. Public health practitioners should continue to prioritize increasing awareness and providing education to clinicians, laboratorians, and the public about amebic infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia C. Haston
- Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Cope
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kriger O, Abramovich A, Fratty IS, Leshem E, Amit S, Stein M, Ben-Zeev B, Via-Dorembus S, Hoffmann C, Rabinowicz S, Weil M. An Outbreak of Coxsackievirus B Type 2 Acute Meningoencephalitis in Children, Israel, July-September 2022. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2023; 42:e177-e179. [PMID: 36795579 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
During July-September 2022, 14 children suffering from meningoencephalitis tested positive for Coxsackievirus B2 (8 cerebrospinal fluid, 9 stool samples). Mean age 22 months (range 0-60 months); 8 were males. Seven of the children presented with ataxia and 2 had imaging features of rhombencephalitis, not previously described in association with Coxsackievirus B2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Or Kriger
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Ilana S Fratty
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Eyal Leshem
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Amit
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michal Stein
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Sara Via-Dorembus
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Chen Hoffmann
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Shira Rabinowicz
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Safra Children Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Merav Weil
- From the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Morales A, Eperon G. [Tick-borne meningoencephalitis: situation in Switzerland and impact of the Covid pandemic]. Rev Med Suisse 2022; 18:894-897. [PMID: 35510281 DOI: 10.53738/revmed.2022.18.780.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The year 2020 witnessed a record number of reported cases of tick-borne encephalitis in Switzerland. This unprecedented rate of cases, largely explained by the decrease in travel outside of Switzerland as well as favorable conditions for outdoor activities, highlights this severe disease for which there is no treatment yet. Tick-borne ence-phalitis has been progressing in Switzerland for more than 30 years both geographically and in terms of the number of reported cases. Indeed, the outbreaks were localized in the North-East of Switzerland at the beginning of the 2000s until recently affecting the Valais and the Ticino. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease and thus the long-term sequelae that can be caused by this infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Morales
- Faculté de médecine, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4
| | - Gilles Eperon
- Service de médecine tropicale et humanitaire, Département de médecine de premier recours, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pattabiraman C, Prasad P, Sudarshan S, George AK, Sreenivas D, Rasheed R, Ghosh A, Pal A, Hameed SKS, Bandyopadhyay B, Desai A, Vasanthapuram R. Identification and Genomic Characterization of Parvovirus B19V Genotype 3 Viruses from Cases of Meningoencephalitis in West Bengal, India. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0225121. [PMID: 35412386 PMCID: PMC9045363 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02251-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain infections are a major public health problem in India and other parts of the world, causing both mortality and lifelong disability. Even after a thorough investigation, many cases remain without an etiological diagnosis. Primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) has been identified as a pathogen associated with undiagnosed meningoencephalitis in other settings, including the United Kingdom, France, and Latvia. Here, we reported 13/403 (3.2%) B19V PCR positive cases of meningoencephalitis in West Bengal, India. The positive samples were mostly from children (10/13, 76.92%) and presented as a spectrum consisting of acute encephalitis (7/13), acute meningoencephalitis (3/13), and meningitis (3/13). Of the 13 cases, 8/13 (61.5%) had no known etiology and 5/13 (38.5%) had a previous etiological diagnosis. The cases did not cluster in time or by location, suggesting sporadic occurrence rather than outbreaks. We were able to retrieve the complete B19V genomes from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 12/13 cases. The sequences clustered into genotype 3b with complete genomes from Brazil, Ghana, and France, and partial genomes from India and Kyrgyzstan. This is the first report of B19V in cases of neurological infections from India. It highlights the need to evaluate the causal relationship between B19V with meningoencephalitis in the country. These were also the first complete genomes of genotype 3b from CSF and will be critical in the evaluation of the relationship between genotypes and disease. IMPORTANCE Cases of meningoencephalitis with no known etiology remain a major challenge to clinical management of brain infections across the world. In this study, we detected and characterized the whole-genome of primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) in cases of meningoencephalitis in India. Our work highlighted the association between B19V and brain infections which has been reported in other countries. Our work also emphasized the need to examine the role of B19V in meningoencephalitis, specifically whether it caused or contributed to the disease together with other pathogens in India. Our study provided the first 12 genomes of B19V from cerebrospinal fluid. These genomes will contribute to an understanding of how the virus is changing across different locations and over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Pattabiraman
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pramada Prasad
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sampada Sudarshan
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anson K. George
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Darshan Sreenivas
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Risha Rasheed
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ayushman Ghosh
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ananya Pal
- Department of Microbiology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Shafeeq K. Shahul Hameed
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Bhaswati Bandyopadhyay
- Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Anita Desai
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravi Vasanthapuram
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Blauw D, Bruning AHL, Wolthers KC, van Wermeskerken AM, Biezeveld MH, Wildenbeest JG, Pajkrt D. Incidence of Childhood Meningoencephalitis in Children With a Suspected Meningoencephalitis in the Netherlands. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022; 41:290-296. [PMID: 34966139 PMCID: PMC8920014 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirkje de Blauw
- From the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Katja C Wolthers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, OrganoVIR Labs, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten H Biezeveld
- Department of Pediatric Diseases, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joanne G Wildenbeest
- From the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dasja Pajkrt
- From the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Elbert JA, Yau W, Rissi DR. Neuroinflammatory diseases of the central nervous system of dogs: A retrospective study of 207 cases (2008-2019). Can Vet J 2022; 63:178-186. [PMID: 35110776 PMCID: PMC8759338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study we describe 207 cases of neuroinflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) in dogs autopsied at the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (University of Georgia, United States) from 2008 to 2019. Idiopathic and infectious diseases were diagnosed in 111 cases (53.6%) and 96 cases (46.4%), respectively. Idiopathic diseases consisted of granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (n = 42; 37.8% of idiopathic cases), nonspecific lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalomyelitis (n = 39; 35.1%), necrotizing meningoencephalomyelitis (n = 22; 19.8%), presumed steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (n = 6; 5.4%), and necrotizing leukoencephalitis (n = 2; 1.8%). Infectious diseases consisted of bacterial infections (n = 49; 51% of infectious cases), viral infections (n = 39; 40.6%), fungal infections (n = 5; 5.2%), and parasitic infections (n = 3; 3.1%). Our study provides an overview of the most frequent neuroinflammatory diseases of the CNS of dogs in our diagnostic routine; indicates that a comprehensive diagnostic approach, including a thorough evaluation of the pathology findings and ancillary laboratory testing results, is important for an adequate diagnosis of neurologic diseases in dogs; and underscores the problems associated with the variability in tissue sample collection methods among cases. The great number of nonspecific lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis also highlights the need for development of molecular laboratory tests to identify potential infectious agents in these cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Elbert
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), Department of Pathology (Elbert), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia; Antech Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, California (Yau)
| | - Wilson Yau
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), Department of Pathology (Elbert), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia; Antech Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, California (Yau)
| | - Daniel R Rissi
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), Department of Pathology (Elbert), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia; Antech Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, California (Yau)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiao J, Chen X, Shang K, Tang Y, Chen M, Deng G, Qin C, Tian DS. Clinical, neuroradiological, diagnostic and prognostic profile of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: A pooled analysis of 324 cases from published data and a single-center retrospective study. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 360:577718. [PMID: 34600199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is a recently defined autoimmune meningoencephalomyelitis, associated with GFAP-IgG antibody. A pooled analysis of 324 cases from published literature and a retrospective single-center study were performed, firstly reveals the possibility that patients with myelitic lesions respond better to initial immunotherapy, but are prone to relapse, suggesting a more aggressive and long-term immunosuppressive medication for them. Moreover, our results showed using tacrolimus at maintenance stage exhibited a less tendency to relapse, providing a possibly new choice to future clinical treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Man Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dai-Shi Tian
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gharpure R, Gleason M, Salah Z, Blackstock AJ, Hess-Homeier D, Yoder JS, Ali IKM, Collier SA, Cope JR. Geographic Range of Recreational Water-Associated Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis, United States, 1978-2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:271-274. [PMID: 33350926 PMCID: PMC7774533 DOI: 10.3201/eid2701.202119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri is a free-living ameba that causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare but usually fatal disease. We analyzed trends in recreational water exposures associated with PAM cases reported during 1978–2018 in the United States. Although PAM incidence remained stable, the geographic range of exposure locations expanded northward.
Collapse
|
17
|
Tagnouokam-Ngoupo PA, Toby R, Bomba Ebede MO, Kenmoe S, Ngo-Malabo ET, Sadeuh-Mba SA, Biwole-Sida M, Njouom R. Detection of herpesviruses and enteroviruses in patients with suspected infectious meningoencephalitis in three referral hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon. J Med Virol 2020; 92:3843-3848. [PMID: 32492202 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In Cameroon, routine diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections is based on the detection of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and mycobacteria in cerebrospinal fluids. Therefore, there is no data on viral etiologies of meningoencephalitis (ME) in the country. We aim to identify viral etiologies (herpesviruses and enteroviruses) of ME in Cameroon, to provide useful information to physicians that will help improving management of ME. From February to May 2018, adult patients with clinical signs of ME in three referral hospitals in Yaounde were included. Detection of herpesviruses and enteroviruses was performed using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. P value of 5% was chosen as the threshold for statistical significance in statistical analyses. Eighty-one patients were included and 15 (18.51%) were positive for herpesviruses. No enterovirus was detected. The most prevalent virus was Epstein-Barr virus (8.6%) and most of herpesviruses were detected from human immunodefeciency virus (HIV)-positive patients (86.7%). The overall mortality rate was high, 60.5% (49/81) and analysis of risk factors showed that HIV-positive status and altered state of consciousness were associated with higher risk of death (odds ratio [OR], 5.41; confidence interval [CI]: 1.91-16.88; P = .002 and OR, 3.24; CI: 1.11-0.13; P = .036 respectively). We showed that herpesviruses are present in patients with ME symptoms in Yaounde and can be sometimes in coinfection with others common pathogens of CNS infections. There is therefore a need for increased clinician awareness and education regarding the diagnostic and management of CNS infections in Cameroon to limit unnecessary use of antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roselyne Toby
- Infectious Disease Ward, Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Sebastien Kenmoe
- Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Magloire Biwole-Sida
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Richard Njouom
- Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Radzišauskienė D, Urbonienė J, Kaubrys G, Andruškevičius S, Jatužis D, Matulytė E, Žvirblytė-Skrebutienė K. The epidemiology, clinical presentation, and predictors of severe Tick-borne encephalitis in Lithuania, a highly endemic country: A retrospective study of 1040 patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241587. [PMID: 33211708 PMCID: PMC7676731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In recent decades, the incidence of Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has been increasing and posing a growing health problem because of the high costs to the healthcare system and society. The clinical manifestations are well studied but there is a lack of research analyzing the severity of the disease. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiology and clinical presentation of severe TBE, to identify the predictors for a severe disease course, and also predictors for meningoencephalomyelitic and severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic forms. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the Center of Infectious Diseases and the Center of Neurology at Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos in the years 2005–2017 to describe the clinical and epidemiological features of TBE in adults. Results 1040 patients were included in the study. A total of 152/1040 (14.6%) patients had a severe course. The highest proportion of severe cases, reaching 41.2%, was reported in the 70–79 year-old age group. A total of 36/152 (23.7%) severe patients presented meningoencephalomyelitis. Myelitic patients were older, were frequently infected in their living areas, and usually reported a monophasic disease course compared with severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic patients. Severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic patients, compared with non-severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic, were older, less often noticed the tick bite, and often had a monophasic course. The sequelae on discharge were observed in 810/1000 (81%) of patients. Conclusions The prognostic factors associated with a severe disease course and severe meningoencephalitic form are: older age, comorbidities, a monophasic course, a fever of 40˚C and above, CRP more than 30 mg/l, CSF protein more than 1 g/l, delayed immune response of TBEV IgG, pathological findings in CT. Age above 60 years, presence of CNS disease, bulbar syndrome, pleocytosis 500x106/l and above, and delayed immune response of TBEV IgG are predictors of the most severe myelitic form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiva Radzišauskienė
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Dermatovenerology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- * E-mail:
| | - Jurgita Urbonienė
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Kaubrys
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Andruškevičius
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalius Jatužis
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Elžbieta Matulytė
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Dermatovenerology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Karolina Žvirblytė-Skrebutienė
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Dermatovenerology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Quattrone F, Mazzetti P, Aquino F, Sani S, Carneglia L, Pistello M, Lopalco PL, Tavoschi L. Two clusters of Toscana virus meningo-encephalitis in Livorno Province and Elba Island, July-September 2018. Ann Ig 2020; 32:674-681. [PMID: 33175077 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2020.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toscana virus (TOSV) is an arbovirus transmitted to humans by Phlebotomus spp sandflies. It causes aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis with marked seasonality. Here we describe the clinical, microbiological and epidemiological features of two clusters of cases occurred in Tuscany in 2018. METHODS A confirmed case was defined as the detection of anti-TOSV IgM and IgG in serum sample, in presence of typical clinical manifestations. We consulted hospital records of hospitalized patients to collect clinical information and obtained epidemiological information from the local health authority investigation report. We telephonically interviewed patients using a standard questionnaire for a 6 months follow-up. RESULTS A total of 12 cases of TOSV meningo-encephalitis with onset between 4th of July and 12th of September accessed health care services in the province of Livorno. Eight cases were males with median age 41,5 and four were not resident in the area. Serological investigations confirmed a recent TOSV infection. Eight cases reported visiting Elba Island and four had a possible occupational-related exposure. CONCLUSIONS This surge of infection emphasizes the need of information campaigns coupled with adequate surveillance and control interventions against TOSV that, among other arboviruses, is a growing issue of concern in Italy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Quattrone
- Hygiene and Epidemiology Section, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Mazzetti
- Virology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy - Retrovirus Center and Virology section, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Aquino
- Public Health Unit, ASL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sani
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Livorno Hospital, Livorno, Italy
| | - L Carneglia
- Public Health Unit, ASL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Pistello
- Virology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy - Retrovirus Center and Virology section, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - P L Lopalco
- Hygiene and Epidemiology Section, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Tavoschi
- Hygiene and Epidemiology Section, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Alemayehu T, Ayalew S, Buzayehu T, Daka D. Magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:114-121. [PMID: 33402899 PMCID: PMC7750036 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cryptococcus is encapsulated opportunistic yeast that causes life threatening meningoencephalitis of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients varies from 1–10% in Western countries as opposed to almost a one third of HIV-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa where it is associated with high mortality. Methodology By using key terms “Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub-saharan Africa countries”, articles that published in different journals from 2010–2017 searched on Pub-Med and Google scholar database. Those freely accessible and included the prevalence of Cryptococcosis in the result section, their PDF file was downloaded and the result extracted manually and presented in table. Articles that did not report the prevalence of Cryptococcosis, with a study design otherthan cross sectional, or a sample size less than 100, and those duplicated in the same study area and period by the same authors were excluded. The article selection followed the PRISMA guidelines and meta- analysis was performed using OpenMeta(analyst). Results The overall pooled magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub saharan African countries was 8.3% (95%CI 6.1–10.5%). The highest prevalence was from Uganda (19%) and the least was from Ethiopia at 1.6%. There was 87.2 % of substantial heterogeneity among the studies with p-value<0.001. The symmetry ofthe forest plot showed that there was little publication bias. The most commonly used method for diagnosis of Cryptococcosis was lateral flow assay and latex agglutination test and culture was the least method employed. Conclusion The overall pooled magnitude of Cryptococcosisis high among HIV patients in sub-Saharan African countries. The studies showed substantial heterogeneity, and little publication bias. Most of the studies relied on LFA & LA that showed the scarcity of facilities for fungal culture. Therefore, paying attention to screening HIV patients; those with signs and symptoms of meningitis may help to reduce the loss of HIV patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Alemayehu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science Hawassa University College of medicine and health sciences
| | | | - Temesgen Buzayehu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science Hawassa University College of medicine and health sciences
| | - Deresse Daka
- School of Medical Laboratory Science Hawassa University College of medicine and health sciences
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Oropouche fever is a neglected arthropodborne disease and zoonosis responsible for several outbreaks of a febrile disease in Central and South America. We present a clinical case of aseptic meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent patient that resulted from Oropouche virus acquired in northern Brazil but diagnosed in a nonendemic region.
Collapse
|
22
|
Herrador Z, Gherasim A, López-Vélez R, Benito A. Listeriosis in Spain based on hospitalisation records, 1997 to 2015: need for greater awareness. Euro Surveill 2019; 24:1800271. [PMID: 31138365 PMCID: PMC6540645 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2019.24.21.1800271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionListeriosis is a food-borne disease of public health importance that has recently been involved in prolonged outbreaks. Despite its relevance, listeriosis is under-reported in many European countries.AimWe aimed to describe listeriosis epidemiology in Spain from 1997-2015.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study using the Spanish hospitalisation database. We calculated the mean number of hospitalisations per year and region. Pregnancy and neonatal-related listeriosis rates were computed. Relation between death and the presence of underlying health conditions was explored.ResultsBetween 1997-2015, 5,696 listeriosis hospitalisations occurred, showing a constantly increasing trend. Higher hospitalisation rates were located in the north of the country compared to southern regions. The age group ≥ 65 years old was the most represented (50%). Pregnant women and newborns accounted for 7% and 4% of hospitalisations, respectively. An underlying immunocompromising condition was present in 56.4% of patients: cancer (22.8%), diabetes mellitus (16.6%) and chronic liver disease (13.1%). Death occurred in 17% of patients, more frequently among those ≥ 65 years old (67.5%), with sepsis (39.9%) or with meningoencephalitis (19.2%).ConclusionListeriosis is an emergent public health problem in Spain that calls for targeted action. Further prevention strategies are urgently needed, including food safety education and messaging for all at-risk groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Herrador
- National Centre for Tropical Medicine, Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII in Spanish), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research on Tropical Diseases (RICET in Spanish), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alin Gherasim
- National Centre of Epidemiology, Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII in Spanish), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Centre in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP in Spanish), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rogelio López-Vélez
- Network Biomedical Research on Tropical Diseases (RICET in Spanish), Madrid, Spain
- National Referral Unit for Tropical Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Benito
- National Centre for Tropical Medicine, Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII in Spanish), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research on Tropical Diseases (RICET in Spanish), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Encephalitis is an uncommon but severe disease characterized by neurologic dysfunction with central nervous system inflammation. Children with encephalitis should receive supportive care and empiric therapies for common and treatable causes while prioritizing diagnostic evaluation for common, treatable, and high-risk conditions. Even with an extensive diagnostic workup, an infectious cause is identified in less than half of cases, suggesting a role for postinfectious or noninfectious processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Messacar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, B055, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Marc Fischer
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Activity, Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Samuel R Dominguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, B055, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth L Tyler
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, 12700 East 19th Avenue, B182, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mark J Abzug
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, B055, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ghanchi NK, Khan E, Khan A, Muhammad W, Malik FR, Zafar A. Naegleria fowleri Meningoencephalitis Associated with Public Water Supply, Pakistan, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 22:1835-7. [PMID: 27648572 PMCID: PMC5038392 DOI: 10.3201/eid2210.151236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
|
25
|
Langelier C, Reid MJ, Halabi C, Witek N, LaRiviere A, Shah M, Wilson MR, Chin-Hong P, Douglas V, Kazacos KR, Babik JM. Baylisascaris procyonis-Associated Meningoencephalitis in a Previously Healthy Adult, California, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 22:1480-4. [PMID: 27434260 PMCID: PMC4982180 DOI: 10.3201/eid2208.151939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
After severe neurocognitive decline developed in an otherwise healthy 63-year-old man, brain magnetic resonance imaging showed eosinophilic meningoencephalitis and enhancing lesions. The patient tested positive for antibodies to Baylisascaris spp. roundworms, was treated with albendazole and dexamethasone, and showed improvement after 3 months. Baylisascariasis should be considered for all patients with eosinophilic meningitis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Braunová A, Rainetová P, Krbková L, Čapovová I, Klapačová L, Musil V, Musílek M, Bednářová J. [Epidemiology, etiology and clinical picture of enteroviral meningitis in children in South Moravia]. KLINICKA MIKROBIOLOGIE A INFEKCNI LEKARSTVI 2016; 22:100-104. [PMID: 27907970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Enteroviruses (EVs) are the most common cause of aseptic viral meningitis. In some cases, they can cause severe meningoencephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis - an association with some virulent serotypes. The objectives were to describe the epidemiological situation of EV meningitis in children in South Moravia, to elucidate the etiology including the incidence of virulent serotypes and to evaluate the clinical presentation. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 88 children with EV meningitis were prospectively evaluated. In case of aseptic inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid, EV was detected using real-time PCR. Genotyping was performed in 56 samples using repeated one-step PCR and partial sequencing on a genetic analyzer in the National Reference Laboratory for Enteroviruses in Prague. RESULTS The patients' age range was 3-17 years; there were more boys than girls. Two epidemics occurred, one involving 17 Roma children and the other involving 8 swimming pool visitors. The most common symptoms were headache, fever and stiff neck. The most frequently (59%) detected agent was Echovirus 30 identified as the cause of the epidemics. In one boy, EV 71 (virulent serotype) was found. The clinical course did not vary from that in other serotypes. All 88 children recovered without complications. CONCLUSIONS EVs are an important part of the differential diagnosis of neuroinfections, although most infections are benign aseptic meningitis. The clinical presentation did not vary between infections with various serotypes. Higher incidence rates of virulent serotypes were not reported. Echovirus 30 was detected most frequently and was repeatedly identified as the cause of epidemics throughout the Czech Republic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Braunová
- Depatrment of Children's Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Akhmadishina LV, Govorukhina MV, Kovalev EV, Nenadskaya SA, Ivanova OE, Lukashev AN. Enterovirus A71 Meningoencephalitis Outbreak, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis 2016. [PMID: 26196217 PMCID: PMC4517719 DOI: 10.3201/eid2108.141084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventy-eight cases of enterovirus infection, including 25 neuroinfections, occurred in Rostov-on-Don, Russia, during May–June 2013. The outbreak was caused by an enterovirus A type 71 (EV-A71) subgenotype C4 lineage that spread to neighboring countries from China ≈3 years earlier. Enterovirus associated neuroinfection may emerge in areas with a preceding background circulation of EV-A71 with apparently asymptomatic infection.
Collapse
|
28
|
Juilland N, Vinckenbosch P, Richard C. [Acute otitis media and short-term complications]. Rev Med Suisse 2016; 12:338-343. [PMID: 27039457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral antibiotic have changed the incidence of otitic intracranial complications. In spite of therapeutic progress, these complications remain serious, potentially life-threatening and may result in long-life consequences. Acute otitis media diagnosis and knowledge of intracranial complications' symptoms are required for early and adapted therapeutics. Care strategies evolve with the continuously improvement of medical technologies, development of new vaccines and targeted use of antibiotics.
Collapse
|
29
|
van der Beek NA, van Tienen C, de Haan JE, Roelfsema J, Wismans PJ, van Genderen PJ, Tanghe HL, Verdijk RM, Titulaer MJ, van Hellemond JJ. Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris Meningoencephalitis in the Netherlands after Travel to The Gambia. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 21:896-8. [PMID: 25897644 PMCID: PMC4412220 DOI: 10.3201/eid2105.141325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
30
|
Pikkel YY, Ben-Hur T, Eliahou R, Honig A. Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis among Israel Defense Force Soldiers: 20 Years Experience at the Hadassah Medical Centers. Isr Med Assoc J 2015; 17:697-702. [PMID: 26757567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meningitis and meningoencephalitis pose major risks of morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES To describe 20 years of experience treating infections of the central nervous system in Israel Defense Force (IDF) soldiers, including the common presentations, pathogens and sequelae, and to identify risk groups among soldiers. METHODS All soldiers who were admitted to the Hadassah University Medical Center (both campuses: Ein Kerem and Mt. Scopus) due to meningitis and meningoencephalitis from January 1993 to January 2014 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical, laboratory and radiologic data were reviewed from their hospital and army medical corps files. Attention was given to patients' military job description, i.e., combat vs. non-combat soldier, soldiers in training, and medical personnel. RESULTS We identified 97 cases of suspected meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Six were mistakenly filed and these patients were found to have other disorders. Four soldiers were diagnosed with epidural abscess and five with meningitis due to non-infectious in flammatory diseases. Eighty-two soldiers in active and reserve duty had infectious meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Of these, 46 (56.1%) were combat soldiers and 31 (37.8%) non-combat; 20 (29.2%) were soldiers in training, 10 (12.2%) were training staff and 8 (9.8%) were medical staff. The main pathogens were enteroviruses, Epstein-Barr virus an d Neisseria meningitidis. CONCLUSIONS In our series, soldiers in training, combat soldiers and medical personnel had meningitis and meningoencephalitis more than other soldiers. Enteroviruses are highly infectious pathogens and can cause outbreaks. N. meningitidis among IDF soldiers is still a concern. Early and aggressive treatment with steroids should be considered especially in robust meningoencephalitis cases.
Collapse
|
31
|
Olsen SJ, Campbell AP, Supawat K, Liamsuwan S, Chotpitayasunondh T, Laptikulthum S, Viriyavejakul A, Tantirittisak T, Tunlayadechanont S, Visudtibhan A, Vasiknanonte P, Janjindamai S, Boonluksiri P, Rajborirug K, Watanaveeradej V, Khetsuriani N, Dowell SF. Infectious causes of encephalitis and meningoencephalitis in Thailand, 2003-2005. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 21:280-9. [PMID: 25627940 PMCID: PMC4313633 DOI: 10.3201/eid2102.140291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute encephalitis is a severe neurologic syndrome. Determining etiology from among ≈100 possible agents is difficult. To identify infectious etiologies of encephalitis in Thailand, we conducted surveillance in 7 hospitals during July 2003-August 2005 and selected patients with acute onset of brain dysfunction with fever or hypothermia and with abnormalities seen on neuroimages or electroencephalograms or with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid were tested for >30 pathogens. Among 149 case-patients, median age was 12 (range 0-83) years, 84 (56%) were male, and 15 (10%) died. Etiology was confirmed or probable for 54 (36%) and possible or unknown for 95 (64%). Among confirmed or probable etiologies, the leading pathogens were Japanese encephalitis virus, enteroviruses, and Orientia tsutsugamushi. No samples were positive for chikungunya, Nipah, or West Nile viruses; Bartonella henselae; or malaria parasites. Although a broad range of infectious agents was identified, the etiology of most cases remains unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Krongkaew Supawat
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Sahas Liamsuwan
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Tawee Chotpitayasunondh
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Somsak Laptikulthum
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Akravudh Viriyavejakul
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Tasanee Tantirittisak
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Supoch Tunlayadechanont
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Anannit Visudtibhan
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Punnee Vasiknanonte
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Supachai Janjindamai
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Pairoj Boonluksiri
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Kiatsak Rajborirug
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Veerachai Watanaveeradej
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Nino Khetsuriani
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | - Scott F. Dowell
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health–US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand (S.J. Olsen, S.F. Dowell)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, A.P. Campbell, N. Khetsuriani, S.F. Dowell)
- Thailand Ministry of Health, Nonthaburi (K. Supawat)
- Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok (S. Liamsuwan, T. Chotpitayasunondh)
- Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Laptikulthum)
- Prasat Neurological Institute of Thailand, Bangkok (A. Viriyavejakul, T. Tantirittisak)
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok (S. Tunlayadechanont, A. Visudtibhan)
- Prince Songkhla University Hospital, Hat Yai, Thailand (P. Vasiknanonte, S. Janjindamai)
- Hat Yai Hospital, Hat Yai (P. Boonluksiri, K. Rajborirug)
- Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok (V. Watanaveeradej)
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Krivopalov AA, Yanov YK, Astashchenko SV, Shcherbuk AY, Artyushkin SA, Vakhrushev SG, Piskunov IS, Piskunov VS, Tuzikov NA. [FEATURES OF OTOGENIC INTRACRANIAL COMPLICATIONS AT THE PRESENT STAGE]. Vestn Khir Im I I Grek 2015; 174:68-79. [PMID: 27066663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of treatment was made in 127 adult patients with acute and chronic otitis media complicated by suppurative-inflammatory pathology of the brain. Purulent meningitis was revealed in 52 (40.9%) of hospitalized patients. Meningoencephalitis was often diagnosed in the cases of acute otitis media (15.4%) and in cases of chronic otitis (22.7%). The otogenic brain abscess was detected in 13.5% of otitis media cases and it was noted to be twice frequent (33.3%) in cases of purulent otitis media. The patients 124 (97.6%) have been operated. An extended mastoidotomy and antromastoidotomy were performed in the acute purulent otitis media. An extended radical operation on the ear was applied in case of chronic otitis media. Performance of craniotomy and complete removal of the abscess using modern systems of neuronavigation showed a higher clinical efficacy as compared with transtemporal approach during sanitizing intervention on the ear including the opening and abscess drainage in surgery of otogenic abscesses of the brain.
Collapse
|
33
|
Bodewes R, Hapsari R, Rubio García A, Sánchez Contreras GJ, van de Bildt MWG, de Graaf M, Kuiken T, Osterhaus ADME. Molecular epidemiology of seal parvovirus, 1988-2014. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112129. [PMID: 25390639 PMCID: PMC4229121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel parvovirus was discovered recently in the brain of a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) with chronic meningo-encephalitis. Phylogenetic analysis of this virus indicated that it belongs to the genus Erythroparvovirus, to which also human parvovirus B19 belongs. In the present study, the prevalence, genetic diversity and clinical relevance of seal parvovirus (SePV) infections was evaluated in both harbor and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) that lived in Northwestern European coastal waters from 1988 to 2014. To this end, serum and tissue samples collected from seals were tested for the presence of seal parvovirus DNA by real-time PCR and the sequences of the partial NS gene and the complete VP2 gene of positive samples were determined. Seal parvovirus DNA was detected in nine (8%) of the spleen tissues tested and in one (0.5%) of the serum samples tested, including samples collected from seals that died in 1988. Sequence analysis of the partial NS and complete VP2 genes of nine SePV revealed multiple sites with nucleotide substitutions but only one amino acid change in the VP2 gene. Estimated nucleotide substitution rates per year were 2.00 × 10(-4) for the partial NS gene and 1.15 × 10(-4) for the complete VP2 gene. Most samples containing SePV DNA were co-infected with phocine herpesvirus 1 or PDV, so no conclusions could be drawn about the clinical impact of SePV infection alone. The present study is one of the few in which the mutation rates of parvoviruses were evaluated over a period of more than 20 years, especially in a wildlife population, providing additional insights into the genetic diversity of parvoviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rogier Bodewes
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ana Rubio García
- Seal Rehabilitation and Research Centre, Pieterburen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Miranda de Graaf
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs Kuiken
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Artemis One Health, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ramírez-Romero R, Ramírez-Hernández C, García-Márquez LJ, Macedo-Barragán RJ, Martínez-Burnes J, López-Mayagoitia A. Bovine diseases causing neurological signs and death in Mexican feedlots. Trop Anim Health Prod 2014; 46:823-9. [PMID: 24671754 PMCID: PMC4019820 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-014-0572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The number of large feedlot operations, similar to that of USA and Canada, has notably increased in Mexico in the last three decades. Clinical and laboratory diagnoses of neurological diseases in feedlot cattle are crucial in Mexico and Central America because of the high incidence of bovine paralytic rabies (BPR). Because of its zoonotic potential, BPR must be promptly diagnosed and differentiated from other bovine neurological diseases such as thrombotic meningoencephalitis (TME), polioencephalomalacia (PEM) and botulism. More recently, BPR and botulism have been diagnosed with increasing frequency in Mexican feedlots. Neither BPR nor botulism has relevant gross lesions, thus post-mortem diagnosis without laboratory support is impossible. Herein, we describe five outbreaks of neurological diseases in Mexican feedlots in which BPR, botulism and PEM were diagnosed either independently or in combination. A diagram illustrating the most conspicuous pathologic findings and ancillary laboratory test required to confirm the diagnoses of these neurological diseases in feedlot cattle is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Ramírez-Romero
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco Villa s/n, Ex Hacienda el Canadá, 66050, Gral. Escobedo, NL, México,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Noel N, Drier A, Wechsler B, Piette JC, De Paz R, Dormont D, Cacoub P, Saadoun D. [Neurological manifestations of Behçet's disease]. Rev Med Interne 2013; 35:112-20. [PMID: 24290030 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2013.10.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurological manifestations of Behçet's disease (BD) occur in 5.3 to more than 50% of patients. They are divided into two major forms: "parenchymal" lesions, which include mainly meningoencephalitis as opposed to "extra-parenchymal" lesions (i.e. cerebral venous thrombosis and arterial aneurysms). Myelitis or peripheral neuropathy is exceptional. The neuro-Behçet syndrome (NBS) should be considered in the setting of neurological manifestations, particularly headache and pyramidal signs, in a young man diagnosed with BD. However, its recognition may be difficult when neurological manifestations are the presenting features of BD (one third of cases), and requires a thorough knowledge of clinical manifestations and morphological lesions. Thus, parenchymal NB lesions classically exhibit inflammatory characteristics on MRI and are located at the meso-diencephalic junction and in the brainstem, rarely with a supratentorial extension. Meningitis is not systematically associated, and may be absent in about 30% of cases. The pathogenesis of these lesions is incompletely understood, but inflammatory infiltrates include mainly neutrophils and activated T cells (mainly Th17). Differential diagnoses include infectious diseases (herpes, listeria, tuberculosis), and inflammatory diseases (i.e. multiple sclerosis and sarcoidosis). A prompt recognition of NBS should lead to initiate adequate therapies in order to limit the risk of sequelae, relapses or death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Noel
- Service de médecine interne 2, centre de référence des maladies autoimmunes rares, DHU i2B, immunopathologie, inflammation, biothérapie, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - A Drier
- Service de neuroradiologie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - B Wechsler
- Service de médecine interne 2, centre de référence des maladies autoimmunes rares, DHU i2B, immunopathologie, inflammation, biothérapie, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - J-C Piette
- Service de médecine interne 2, centre de référence des maladies autoimmunes rares, DHU i2B, immunopathologie, inflammation, biothérapie, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France; Faculté de médecine, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, 75013 Paris, France
| | - R De Paz
- Service de neurologie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - D Dormont
- Service de neuroradiologie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France; Faculté de médecine, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, 75013 Paris, France
| | - P Cacoub
- Service de médecine interne 2, centre de référence des maladies autoimmunes rares, DHU i2B, immunopathologie, inflammation, biothérapie, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France; Faculté de médecine, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, 75013 Paris, France
| | - D Saadoun
- Service de médecine interne 2, centre de référence des maladies autoimmunes rares, DHU i2B, immunopathologie, inflammation, biothérapie, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France; Faculté de médecine, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, 75013 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vivolo M, Durán A, Atacho L, Porto L, Bermúdez J, Valero N. [Prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in pediatric patients with neurological disorders in Zulia state, Venezuela (2007-2008)]. Invest Clin 2012; 53:178-189. [PMID: 22978050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in pediatric patients with neurological disorders from Zulia State, Venezuela, during the period 2007-2008. Samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were obtained from 186 patients with neurological symptoms and bacteriological negative CSF. The albumin CSF/serum content was determined to rule out contamination of CSF and optimal pairs were determined by ELISA of IgM and IgG anti-CMV antibodies in serum and IgG in CSF. Only 40.86% (76/186) of patients were optimal for this study. Serum samples positive for IgM antibodies (2/76; 2.6%) and IgG antibodies (71/76; 93.4%) were obtained. CSF IgG antibodies were observed in 24/76 patients (31.6%). Increased values of glucose in CSF (p < 0.05) were observed in 58.3% of CMV patients with meningoencephalitis. In addition, increased CSF protein concentration (p < 0.01) was observed in CSF anti-CMV antibodies positive patients with meningitis. This study shows high prevalence of acute CMV infection in pediatric patients with neurological affections suggesting an important role of this virus in this pathology during the studied period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Vivolo
- Sección de Virología, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Dong BQ, Yang JY, Lin M, Tan Y, Wu XH, Quan Y, Xie YH, Bi FY, Li YX, Hadler S. [Surveillance and research on acute meningitis, encephalitis syndrome in Guangxi, China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2011; 45:527-530. [PMID: 21914336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate disease burden and epidemiological characteristics of acute meningitis/encephalitis, and provide the basis for the disease control strategy development. METHODS A syndrome surveillance system was established in Guigang city with a population of 5 020 000. For the suspected cases, serum and CSF were collected, and bacterial culture, latex agglutination test, real-time PCR and ELISA tests were carried out. All involved cases were identified to 6 categories according to WHO case definition. RESULTS 1424 suspected cases were evaluated in a surveillance of 30 months, yielding the incidence, mortality and mortality of 11.35/100 000 (1424/12 546 500 person years), 0.43/100 000 (54/12 546 500 person years), 3.79% (54/1424) respectively. A total of 103 and 51 cases were confirmed for JE, bacterial meningitis, with a incidence of 0.82/100 000 (103/12 546 500 person years), 0.41/100 000 (51/12 546 500 person years). 96.10% (99/103) of JE cases and 37.30% (19/51) bacterial meningitis cases occurred in < 10 years old children and < 5 years old children. A clinical misdiagnosis rate of 19.42% (20/103) and 15.69% (8/51) were observed for JE and bacterial meningitis. CONCLUSION Acute encephalitis, meningitis syndrome can cause a higher burden of disease, of which the main components of viral encephalitis. Most of syndrome is occurred in summer and autumn, mainly reported in children of younger than 10 years old. A quite misdiagnosis would be made among meningitis and encephalitis syndrome cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai-qing Dong
- Health Department of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Department of Disease Control, Nanning 530021, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mulić R, Petković B, Klismanić Z, Jeroncić I. [Tick-borne diseases in the Republic of Croatia]. Lijec Vjesn 2011; 133:89-95. [PMID: 21612103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study analyses occurence, trendline, occurence by months and geographical distribution of tick-transmitted diseases: Lyme borreliosis, Tick-borne meningoencephalitis (TBM) and Mediterranean spotted fever in the Republic of Croatia in the period between 1999 and 2008. The vector for Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne meningoencephalitis is Ixodes ricinus, while Mediterranean spotted fever is transmitted by the Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Lyme disease is endemic in entire continental Croatia and Croatian littoral. Tick-borne meningoencephalitis is endemic in northern Croatia. Mediterranean spotted fever occurs only in Dalmatian counties and the average annual incidence rate increases from north to south of Dalmatia. All three diseases show extremely seasonal characteristics, which is conditioned by the biological cycle of ticks as their activity peaks in summer and spring. In terms of vaccines against the above diseases, the only one available in Croatia is the TBM vaccine and it is applied according to epidemiological indications. In preventing Lyme disease some authors have recommended a single 200-mg dose of doxycycline taken within 72 hours of being bitten by an infected tick.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanda Mulić
- Katedra za javno zdravstvo, Medicinski fakultet u Splitu, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Surveillance VLA disease surveillance report: Rare form of meningoencephalitis in young cattle. Vet Rec 2011; 168:181-4. [PMID: 21682003 DOI: 10.1136/vr.d723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
41
|
Duval X. [Meningitis and meningoencephalitis in children]. Rev Prat 2010; 60:839-848. [PMID: 20623909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Duval
- Centre d'investigation clinique, service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bemard, 75877 Paris Cedex 18, France.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Venturi G, El-Sawaf G, Arpino C, Madeddu G, Fiorentini C, Benedetti E, Marchi A, Helaly G, El Ghazouly K, Ghazal A, Farchi F, Soddu A, Cacciatore D, El Zalabani M, Mura MS, Rezza G, Ciufolini MG. Arboviral infections in Egyptian and Sardinian children and adults with aseptic meningitis and meningo-encephalitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 41:898-9. [PMID: 19922078 DOI: 10.3109/00365540903225179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
43
|
Minta DK, Dembele M, Kaya AS, Sidibe AT, Coulibaly I, Mieret S, Diallo B, Traore A, Ba B, Sidibe AF, Diallo DA, Traore AK, Traore HA. [Lymphocytic meningitis in Bamako, Mali]. Mali Med 2010; 25:17-22. [PMID: 21435990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a prospective survey from January 2001 to March 2002. Our objective was to study etiologic, clinic, and prognostic aspect of lymphocytic meningitis in hospital of Point G to Bamako. We included 35 patients with 25 male (71. 4%) and 10 female (28. 6%), sex - ratio (M / F) equal 2. 5. The median age was of 35 ± 25.4 years (range, 16 - 66 years). HIV serology was positive 26 cases (83. 9%). Clinical presentations were different. We observed 15 cases of encephalitis, 12 cases of meningoencephalitis, 2 cases of meningitis and 6 cases of febrile syndrome. Mean duration of hospitalization was 32. 6 ± 68 days. Mean of lymphocyte was 85.3 ± 25.9% among leukocytes in cerebrospinal fluid of 31 patients. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) identified in 9 cases Cryptococcocus neoformans. In 16 cases etiology was determination based on indirect arguments. In 9 cases viral meningoencephalitis diagnosis was made by exodiagnosis. It concerned 2 cases of TB meningitis, 1 case of cerebral toxoplasmosis, 1 case of decapitate bacterial meningitis and 1 case of cerebral tumor. Malaria thick smear permits to diagnosticate 1 case of cerebral malaria and 1 case of uncomplicated malaria. There are still 10 cases in which the cause remained unknown during study. HIV infection provides principally lymphocytic meningitis. Co morbidity with HIV is associated to lethality at 75%. But no statistical difference with patients without HIV (p = 0.52). Our work puts in exergue all problematic and hold correct of lymphocytic meningitis in our country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D K Minta
- Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie, Université de Bamako, Mali.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Metan G, Uysal B, Coşkun R, Perçin D, Doğanay M. [Anthrax meningoencephalitis: a case report and review of Turkish literature]. MIKROBIYOL BUL 2009; 43:671-676. [PMID: 20084923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of anthrax is decreasing in Turkey, however, it is still endemic in some regions of the country. Although central nervous system involvement is rare in cases with anthrax, high mortality rates are significant. Here, we report a 46-years old woman who was anthrax meningoencephalitis. The patient was from Yozgat located in Central Anatolia, Turkey. Her history revealed that following peeling the skin of sheeps and consuming their meat a week ago, a lesion developed in her left forearm and she had been treated with penicilin G with the diagnosis of cutaneous anthrax in a local health center. The patient was admitted to the emergency room of our hospital due to increased headache and loss of conciousness and diagnosed as anthrax meningitis. Crytallized penicilin G (24 MU/day IV) and vancomycin (2 g/day IV) were initiated. The macroscopy of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample was haemorrhagic, white blood cell count was 40/mm3 (80% of neutrophil) and Gram staining of CSF yielded abundant gram-positive bacilli. The diagnosis was confirmed by the isolation of Bacillus anthracis from CSF culture. Although the isolate was susceptible to penicillin and dexamethasone was added to the treatment, the patient died. Review of the Turkish literature revealed seven cases of anthrax with central nervous system involvement between 1980-2008. One of the patients was an 11-years old boy and the others were adults aged between 19 and 64 years. The source of the infection was skin in four patients and inhalation in one patient. The most common findings in all of the patients were inhabitance in rural area, haemorrhagic CSF and loss of all patients despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. In conclusion, anthrax meningitis and meningoencephalitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of haemorrhagic meningitis in areas where anthrax is endemic and high rate of mortality despite appropriate therapy should always be kept in mind.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Metan
- Erciyes Universitesi Tip Fakültesi, Enfeksiyon Hastaliklari ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Kayseri.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
|
47
|
Ranjbar M, Rezaiee AA, Hashemi SH, Mehdipour S. Neurobrucellosis: report of a rare disease in 20 Iranian patients referred to a tertiary hospital. East Mediterr Health J 2009; 15:143-148. [PMID: 19469437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed the clinical manifestations and outcome of 20 cases of neurobrocellosis out of 1375 patients with brucellosis admitted to the infectious diseases ward of a tertiary hospital in Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran. Of the 20 cases, 12 had meningitis (acute and subacute), 4 had meningoencephalitis, 2 had myelopathy, 1 had polyradiculopathy and 1 had meningovascular complications manifested by stroke. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (75%), vomiting and fever (50%) and unconsciousness (35%). Among 20 neurobrucellosis patients, 1 died and the other 19 recovered; 14 fully recovered and 5 patients had residual neurological deficits. In endemic areas, the disease should be ruled out in all patients who develop unexplained neurological symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ranjbar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
L'Kassmi H, Chegri M, Mounach J, Lahlou Amine I. [Meningoencephalitis due to community Klebsiella pneumoniae in an adult immunocompetent: a case report]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2008; 66:566-568. [PMID: 18957347 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2008.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the first Moroccan case of community-acquired meningoencephalitis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae in an adult immunocompetent without medical history, complicated of cerebral vasculitis and right endophthalmitis. K. pneumoniae is exceptionally responsible for meningitis community in the world excepted in some countries of Southeast Asia. It usually occurs on fragile field and is associated with high mortality. The early management of the patient, the immunocompetent field and the wild phenotype of the isolated strain probably allowed to get a medical cure with some sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H L'Kassmi
- Laboratoire de microbiologie, Hôpital Militaire Moulay Ismail, Meknès, Maroc
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Primary amebic meningoencephalitis--Arizona, Florida, and Texas, 2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008; 57:573-7. [PMID: 18509301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but nearly always fatal disease caused by infection with Naegleria fowleri, a thermophilic, free-living ameba found in freshwater environments. Infection results from water containing N. fowleri entering the nose, followed by migration of the amebae to the brain via the olfactory nerve. In 2007, six cases of PAM in the United States were reported to CDC; all six patients died. This report summarizes the investigations of the cases, which occurred in three southern tier states (Arizona, Florida, and Texas) during June-September and presents preliminary results from a review of PAM cases during 1937-2007. Because deaths from PAM often prompt heightened concern about the disease among the public, an updated and consistent approach to N. fowleri risk reduction messages, diagnosis and treatment, case reporting, and environmental sampling is needed.
Collapse
|
50
|
Fritsch P, Gruber-Sedlmayr U, Pansi H, Zöhrer B, Mutz I, Spork D, Zenz W. Tick-borne encephalitis in Styrian children from 1981 to 2005: a retrospective study and a review of the literature. Acta Paediatr 2008; 97:535-8. [PMID: 18394095 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tick-borne encephalitis in children appears to be more benign than in adults and shows also a more favourable outcome. Only some authors report of sequelae like paralysis, paresis or seizures and behavioural abnormalities. The aim was to describe the clinical features of tick-borne encephalitis in children with special attention to sequelae and to review the literature. METHODS Retrospective review of all charts of children with serologically confirmed tick-borne encephalitis hospitalised in Styria between 1981 and 2005. RESULTS One hundred sixteen children were diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis. Ninety-two children (79.3%) developed meningitis and 24 (20.7%) meningoencephalitis. Eleven patients with meningoencephalitis showed somnolence, 5 confusion, 5 tremors, 2 facial palsy, 1 ataxia, 1 epileptic seizure and 1 hemi paresis. Seven patients had to be admitted to the intensive care unit. Two children (1.7%) developed long time neurological sequelae: one epileptic seizure with requirement of antiepileptic therapy and one left-sided hemi paresis. One hundred twelve children had been not and 3 incompletely vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis. Only one child had been fully vaccinated according to the Austrian vaccination schedule. CONCLUSION Our study provides further evidence that tick-borne encephalitis in children has a substantial morbidity and in single cases severe long-time neurological sequelae are observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fritsch
- Department of General Paediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|