1
|
Garfein RS, Liu L, Cepeda J, Graves S, San Miguel S, Antonio A, Cuevas-Mota J, Mercer V, Miller M, Catanzaro DG, Rios P, Raab F, Benson CA. Asynchronous Video Directly Observed Therapy to Monitor Short-Course Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae180. [PMID: 38665171 PMCID: PMC11045025 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observing medication ingestion through self-recorded videos (video directly observed therapy [VDOT]) has been shown to be a cost-effective alternative to in-person directly observed therapy (DOT) for monitoring adherence to treatment for tuberculosis disease. VDOT could be a useful tool to monitor short-course latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment. Methods We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing VDOT (intervention) and clinic-based DOT (control) among patients newly diagnosed with LTBI who agreed to a once-weekly 3-month treatment regimen of isoniazid and rifapentine. Study outcomes were treatment completion and patient satisfaction. We also assessed costs. Pre- and posttreatment interviews were conducted. Results Between March 2016 and December 2019, 130 participants were assigned to VDOT (n = 68) or DOT (n = 62). Treatment completion (73.5% vs 69.4%, P = .70) and satisfaction with treatment monitoring (92.1% vs 86.7%, P = .39) were slightly higher in the intervention group than the control group, but neither was statistically significant. VDOT cost less per patient (median, $230; range, $182-$393) vs DOT (median, $312; range, $246-$592) if participants used their own smartphone. Conclusions While both groups reported high treatment satisfaction, VDOT was not associated with higher LTBI treatment completion. However, VDOT cost less than DOT. Volunteer bias might have reduced the observed effect since patients opposed to any treatment monitoring could have opted for alternative unobserved regimens. Given similar outcomes and lower cost, VDOT may be useful for treatment monitoring when in-person observation is prohibited or unavailable (eg, during a respiratory disease outbreak). The trial was registered at the National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov NTC02641106). Clinical Trials Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NTC02641106; registered 24 October 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Garfein
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Javier Cepeda
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susannah Graves
- Tuberculosis Control and Refugee Health Branch, San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Stacie San Miguel
- Student Health Services, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Antonette Antonio
- Tuberculosis Control and Refugee Health Branch, San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jazmine Cuevas-Mota
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Valerie Mercer
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - McKayla Miller
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Donald G Catanzaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Phillip Rios
- Qualcomm Institute, Calit2, San Diego Division, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Fredric Raab
- Qualcomm Institute, Calit2, San Diego Division, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Constance A Benson
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Garfein RS, Liu L, Cuevas-Mota J, Collins K, Catanzaro DG, Muñoz F, Moser K, Chuck C, Higashi J, Bulterys MA, Raab F, Rios P. Evaluation of recorded video-observed therapy for anti-tuberculosis treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:520-525. [PMID: 32398202 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Asynchronous video directly observed therapy (VDOT) may reduce tuberculosis (TB) program costs and the burden on patients. We compared VDOT performance across three cities in the United States, each of which have TB incidence rates above the national average.METHODS: Patients aged ≥18 years who are currently receiving directly observed anti-TB treatment were invited to use VDOT for monitoring treatment. Pre- and post-treatment interviews and medical records were used to assess site differences in treatment adherence and patient characteristics and perceptions.RESULTS: Participants were enrolled in New York City, NY (n = 48), San Diego, CA (n = 52) and San Francisco, CA, USA (n = 49). Overall, the mean age was 41 years (range 18-87); 59% were male; most were Asian (45%) or Hispanic/Latino (30%); and 77% were foreign-born. The median fraction of expected doses observed (FEDO) was 88% (IQR 76-96). At follow-up, 97% thought VDOT was "very or somewhat easy to use" and 95% would recommend VDOT to other TB patients. Age, race/ethnicity, annual income, and country of birth differed by city (P < 0.05), but FEDO and VDOT perceptions did not.CONCLUSIONS: TB programs in three large US cities observed a high FEDO using VDOT while minimizing staff time and travel. Similar findings across sites support VDOT adoption by other large, urban TB programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R S Garfein
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - L Liu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - J Cuevas-Mota
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - K Collins
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - D G Catanzaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
| | - F Muñoz
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - K Moser
- San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA
| | - C Chuck
- Bureau of Tuberculosis Control, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, NY
| | - J Higashi
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA
| | - M A Bulterys
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - F Raab
- Qualcomm Institute, Calit2, San Diego Division, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - P Rios
- Qualcomm Institute, Calit2, San Diego Division, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Garfein RS, Liu L, Cuevas-Mota J, Collins K, Muñoz F, Catanzaro DG, Moser K, Higashi J, Al-Samarrai T, Kriner P, Vaishampayan J, Cepeda J, Bulterys MA, Martin NK, Rios P, Raab F. Tuberculosis Treatment Monitoring by Video Directly Observed Therapy in 5 Health Districts, California, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 24:1806-1815. [PMID: 30226154 PMCID: PMC6154139 DOI: 10.3201/eid2410.180459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed video directly observed therapy (VDOT) for monitoring tuberculosis treatment in 5 health districts in California, USA, to compare adherence between 174 patients using VDOT and 159 patients using in-person directly observed therapy (DOT). Multivariable linear regression analyses identified participant-reported sociodemographics, risk behaviors, and treatment experience associated with adherence. Median participant age was 44 (range 18–87) years; 61% of participants were male. Median fraction of expected doses observed (FEDO) among VDOT participants was higher (93.0% [interquartile range (IQR) 83.4%–97.1%]) than among patients receiving DOT (66.4% [IQR 55.1%–89.3%]). Most participants (96%) would recommend VDOT to others; 90% preferred VDOT over DOT. Lower FEDO was independently associated with US or Mexico birth, shorter VDOT duration, finding VDOT difficult, frequently taking medications while away from home, and having video-recording problems (p<0.05). VDOT cost 32% (range 6%–46%) less than DOT. VDOT was feasible, acceptable, and achieved high adherence at lower cost than DOT.
Collapse
|
4
|
Godino JG, Merchant G, Norman GJ, Donohue MC, Marshall SJ, Fowler JH, Calfas KJ, Huang JS, Rock CL, Griswold WG, Gupta A, Raab F, Fogg BJ, Robinson TN, Patrick K. Using social and mobile tools for weight loss in overweight and obese young adults (Project SMART): a 2 year, parallel-group, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016; 4:747-755. [PMID: 27426247 PMCID: PMC5005009 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(16)30105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few weight loss interventions are evaluated for longer than a year, and even fewer employ social and mobile technologies commonly used among young adults. We assessed the efficacy of a 2 year, theory-based, weight loss intervention that was remotely and adaptively delivered via integrated user experiences with Facebook, mobile apps, text messaging, emails, a website, and technology-mediated communication with a health coach (the SMART intervention). METHODS In this parallel-group, randomised, controlled trial, we enrolled overweight or obese college students (aged 18-35 years) from three universities in San Diego, CA, USA. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either the intervention (SMART intervention group) or general information about health and wellness (control group). We used computer-based permuted-block randomisation with block sizes of four, stratified by sex, ethnicity, and college. Participants, study staff, and investigators were masked until the intervention was assigned. The primary outcome was objectively measured weight in kg at 24 months. Differences between groups were evaluated using linear mixed-effects regression within an intention-to-treat framework. Objectively measured weight at 6, 12, and 18 months was included as a secondary outcome. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01200459. FINDINGS Between May 18, 2011, and May 17, 2012, 404 individuals were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=202) or control (n=202). Participants' mean (SD) age was 22·7 (3·8) years. 284 (70%) participants were female and 125 (31%) were Hispanic. Mean (SD) body-mass index at baseline was 29·0 (2·8) kg/m(2). At 24 months, weight was assessed in 341 (84%) participants, but all 404 were included in analyses. Weight, adjusted for sex, ethnicity, and college, was not significantly different between the groups at 24 months (-0·79 kg [95% CI -2·02 to 0·43], p=0·204). However, weight was significantly less in the intervention group compared with the control group at 6 months (-1·33 kg [95% CI -2·36 to -0·30], p=0·011) and 12 months (-1·33 kg [-2·30 to -0·35], p=0·008), but not 18 months (-0·67 kg [95% CI -1·69 to 0·35], p=0·200). One serious adverse event in the intervention group (gallstones) could be attributable to rapid and excessive weight loss. INTERPRETATION Social and mobile technologies did not facilitate sustained reductions in weight among young adults, although these approaches might facilitate limited short-term weight loss. FUNDING The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (U01 HL096715).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Job G Godino
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gina Merchant
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory J Norman
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Donohue
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon J Marshall
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James H Fowler
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Political Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karen J Calfas
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeannie S Huang
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl L Rock
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William G Griswold
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anjali Gupta
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Development, Aging, and Regeneration, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fredric Raab
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - B J Fogg
- Behavior Design Laboratory, Human Sciences and Technologies Advanced Research Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas N Robinson
- Stanford Solutions Science Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Patrick
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Garfein RS, Collins K, Muñoz F, Moser K, Cerecer-Callu P, Raab F, Rios P, Flick A, Zúñiga ML, Cuevas-Mota J, Liang K, Rangel G, Burgos JL, Rodwell TC, Patrick K. Feasibility of tuberculosis treatment monitoring by video directly observed therapy: a binational pilot study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 19:1057-64. [PMID: 26260824 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although directly observed therapy (DOT) is recommended worldwide for monitoring anti-tuberculosis treatment, transportation and personnel requirements limit its use. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of 'video DOT' (VDOT), which allows patients to record and transmit medication ingestion via videos watched remotely by health care providers to document adherence. METHODS We conducted a single-arm trial among tuberculosis (TB) patients in San Diego, California, USA, (n = 43) and Tijuana, Mexico (n = 9) to represent high- and low-resource settings. Pre-/post-treatment interviews assessed participant characteristics and experiences. Adherence was defined as the proportion of observed doses to expected doses. RESULTS The mean age was 37 years (range 18-86), 50% were male, and 88% were non-Caucasian. The mean duration of VDOT use was 5.5 months (range 1-11). Adherence was similar in San Diego (93%) and Tijuana (96%). Compared to time on in-person DOT, 92% preferred VDOT, 81% thought VDOT was more confidential, 89% never/rarely had problems recording videos, and 100% would recommend VDOT to others. Seven (13%) participants were returned to in-person DOT and six (12%) additional participants had their phones lost, broken or stolen. CONCLUSIONS VDOT was feasible and acceptable, with high adherence in both high- and low-resource settings. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R S Garfein
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - K Collins
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - F Muñoz
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - K Moser
- San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, California, USA
| | - P Cerecer-Callu
- Instituto de Servicios de Salud, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - F Raab
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - P Rios
- Qualcomm Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - A Flick
- Qualcomm Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - M L Zúñiga
- School of Social Work, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - J Cuevas-Mota
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - K Liang
- San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, California, USA
| | - G Rangel
- Comision de Salud Fronteriza, Sección México-Secretaria de Salud, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - J L Burgos
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - T C Rodwell
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - K Patrick
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA; Qualcomm Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Carlson JA, Jankowska MM, Meseck K, Godbole S, Natarajan L, Raab F, Demchak B, Patrick K, Kerr J. Validity of PALMS GPS scoring of active and passive travel compared with SenseCam. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015; 47:662-7. [PMID: 25010407 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to assess validity of the personal activity location measurement system (PALMS) for deriving time spent walking/running, bicycling, and in vehicle, using SenseCam (Microsoft, Redmond, WA) as the comparison. METHODS Forty adult cyclists wore a Qstarz BT-Q1000XT GPS data logger (Qstarz International Co., Taipei, Taiwan) and SenseCam (camera worn around the neck capturing multiple images every minute) for a mean time of 4 d. PALMS used distance and speed between global positioning system (GPS) points to classify whether each minute was part of a trip (yes/no), and if so, the trip mode (walking/running, bicycling, or in vehicle). SenseCam images were annotated to create the same classifications (i.e., trip yes/no and mode). Contingency tables (2 × 2) and confusion matrices were calculated at the minute level for PALMS versus SenseCam classifications. Mixed-effects linear regression models estimated agreement (mean differences and intraclass correlation coefficients) between PALMS and SenseCam with regard to minutes/day in each mode. RESULTS Minute-level sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value were ≥88%, and positive predictive value was ≥75% for non-mode-specific trip detection. Seventy-two percent to 80% of outdoor walking/running minutes, 73% of bicycling minutes, and 74%-76% of in-vehicle minutes were correctly classified by PALMS. For minutes per day, PALMS had a mean bias (i.e., amount of over or under estimation) of 2.4-3.1 min (11%-15%) for walking/running, 2.3-2.9 min (7%-9%) for bicycling, and 4.3-5 min (15%-17%) for vehicle time. Intraclass correlation coefficients were ≥0.80 for all modes. CONCLUSIONS PALMS has validity for processing GPS data to objectively measure time spent walking/running, bicycling, and in vehicle in population studies. Assessing travel patterns is one of many valuable applications of GPS in physical activity research that can improve our understanding of the determinants and health outcomes of active transportation as well as its effect on physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A Carlson
- Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Patrick K, Marshall SJ, Davila EP, Kolodziejczyk JK, Fowler JH, Calfas KJ, Huang JS, Rock CL, Griswold WG, Gupta A, Merchant G, Norman GJ, Raab F, Donohue MC, Fogg BJ, Robinson TN. Design and implementation of a randomized controlled social and mobile weight loss trial for young adults (project SMART). Contemp Clin Trials 2014; 37:10-8. [PMID: 24215774 PMCID: PMC3910290 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the theoretical rationale, intervention design, and clinical trial of a two-year weight control intervention for young adults deployed via social and mobile media. METHODS A total of 404 overweight or obese college students from three Southern California universities (M(age) = 22( ± 4) years; M(BMI) = 29( ± 2.8); 70% female) were randomized to participate in the intervention or to receive an informational web-based weight loss program. The intervention is based on behavioral theory and integrates intervention elements across multiple touch points, including Facebook, text messaging, smartphone applications, blogs, and e-mail. Participants are encouraged to seek social support among their friends, self-monitor their weight weekly, post their health behaviors on Facebook, and e-mail their weight loss questions/concerns to a health coach. The intervention is adaptive because new theory-driven and iteratively tailored intervention elements are developed and released over the course of the two-year intervention in response to patterns of use and user feedback. Measures of body mass index, waist circumference, diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior, weight management practices, smoking, alcohol, sleep, body image, self-esteem, and depression occur at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Currently, all participants have been recruited, and all are in the final year of the trial. CONCLUSION Theory-driven, evidence-based strategies for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dietary intake can be embedded in an intervention using social and mobile technologies to promote healthy weight-related behaviors in young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Patrick
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
| | - S J Marshall
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - E P Davila
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - J K Kolodziejczyk
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States
| | - J H Fowler
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Medical Genetics Division and Political Science Department, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - K J Calfas
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - J S Huang
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - C L Rock
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - W G Griswold
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - A Gupta
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States
| | - G Merchant
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States
| | - G J Norman
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - F Raab
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems (CWPHS), Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0628, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - M C Donohue
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - B J Fogg
- Behavior Design Lab, Human Sciences and Technologies Advanced Research Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - T N Robinson
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abbott B, Abbott R, Adhikari R, Ajith P, Allen B, Allen G, Amin R, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Arain MA, Araya M, Armandula H, Armor P, Aso Y, Aston S, Aufmuth P, Aulbert C, Babak S, Ballmer S, Bantilan H, Barish BC, Barker C, Barker D, Barr B, Barriga P, Barton MA, Bartos I, Bastarrika M, Bayer K, Betzwieser J, Beyersdorf PT, Bilenko IA, Billingsley G, Biswas R, Black E, Blackburn K, Blackburn L, Blair D, Bland B, Bodiya TP, Bogue L, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Brady PR, Braginsky VB, Brau JE, Brinkmann M, Brooks A, Brown DA, Brunet G, Bullington A, Buonanno A, Burmeister O, Byer RL, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Camp JB, Cannizzo J, Cannon K, Cao J, Cardenas L, Casebolt T, Castaldi G, Cepeda C, Chalkley E, Charlton P, Chatterji S, Chelkowski S, Chen Y, Christensen N, Clark D, Clark J, Cokelaer T, Conte R, Cook D, Corbitt T, Coyne D, Creighton JDE, Cumming A, Cunningham L, Cutler RM, Dalrymple J, Danzmann K, Davies G, Debra D, Degallaix J, Degree M, Dergachev V, Desai S, Desalvo R, Dhurandhar S, Díaz M, Dickson J, Dietz A, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doomes EE, Drever RWP, Duke I, Dumas JC, Dupuis RJ, Dwyer JG, Echols C, Effler A, Ehrens P, Espinoza E, Etzel T, Evans T, Fairhurst S, Fan Y, Fazi D, Fehrmann H, Fejer MM, Finn LS, Flasch K, Fotopoulos N, Freise A, Frey R, Fricke T, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fyffe M, Garofoli J, Gholami I, Giaime JA, Giampanis S, Giardina KD, Goda K, Goetz E, Goggin L, González G, Gossler S, Gouaty R, Grant A, Gras S, Gray C, Gray M, Greenhalgh RJS, Gretarsson AM, Grimaldi F, Grosso R, Grote H, Grunewald S, Guenther M, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Hage B, Hallam JM, Hammer D, Hanna C, Hanson J, Harms J, Harry G, Harstad E, Hayama K, Hayler T, Heefner J, Heng IS, Hennessy M, Heptonstall A, Hewitson M, Hild S, Hirose E, Hoak D, Hosken D, Hough J, Huttner SH, Ingram D, Ito M, Ivanov A, Johnson B, Johnson WW, Jones DI, Jones G, Jones R, Ju L, Kalmus P, Kalogera V, Kamat S, Kanner J, Kasprzyk D, Katsavounidis E, Kawabe K, Kawamura S, Kawazoe F, Kells W, Keppel DG, Khalili FY, Khan R, Khazanov E, Kim C, King P, Kissel JS, Klimenko S, Kokeyama K, Kondrashov V, Kopparapu RK, Kozak D, Kozhevatov I, Krishnan B, Kwee P, Lam PK, Landry M, Lang MM, Lantz B, Lazzarini A, Lei M, Leindecker N, Leonhardt V, Leonor I, Libbrecht K, Lin H, Lindquist P, Lockerbie NA, Lodhia D, Lormand M, Lu P, Lubinski M, Lucianetti A, Lück H, Machenschalk B, Macinnis M, Mageswaran M, Mailand K, Mandic V, Márka S, Márka Z, Markosyan A, Markowitz J, Maros E, Martin I, Martin RM, Marx JN, Mason K, Matichard F, Matone L, Matzner R, Mavalvala N, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McGuire SC, McHugh M, McIntyre G, McIvor G, McKechan D, McKenzie K, Meier T, Melissinos A, Mendell G, Mercer RA, Meshkov S, Messenger CJ, Meyers D, Miller J, Minelli J, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Miyakawa O, Moe B, Mohanty S, Moreno G, Mossavi K, Mowlowry C, Mueller G, Mukherjee S, Mukhopadhyay H, Müller-Ebhardt H, Munch J, Murray P, Myers E, Myers J, Nash T, Nelson J, Newton G, Nishizawa A, Numata K, O'Dell J, Ogin G, O'Reilly B, O'Shaughnessy R, Ottaway DJ, Ottens RS, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pan Y, Pankow C, Papa MA, Parameshwaraiah V, Patel P, Pedraza M, Penn S, Perreca A, Petrie T, Pinto IM, Pitkin M, Pletsch HJ, Plissi MV, Postiglione F, Principe M, Prix R, Quetschke V, Raab F, Rabeling DS, Radkins H, Rainer N, Rakhmanov M, Ramsunder M, Rehbein H, Reid S, Reitze DH, Riesen R, Riles K, Rivera B, Robertson NA, Robinson C, Robinson EL, Roddy S, Rodriguez A, Rogan AM, Rollins J, Romano JD, Romie J, Route R, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruet L, Russell P, Ryan K, Sakata S, Samidi M, de la Jordana LS, Sandberg V, Sannibale V, Saraf S, Sarin P, Sathyaprakash BS, Sato S, Saulson PR, Savage R, Savov P, Schediwy SW, Schilling R, Schnabel R, Schofield R, Schutz BF, Schwinberg P, Scott SM, Searle AC, Sears B, Seifert F, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Shawhan P, Shoemaker DH, Sibley A, Siemens X, Sigg D, Sinha S, Sintes AM, Slagmolen BJJ, Slutsky J, Smith JR, Smith MR, Smith ND, Somiya K, Sorazu B, Stein LC, Stochino A, Stone R, Strain KA, Strom DM, Stuver A, Summerscales TZ, Sun KX, Sung M, Sutton PJ, Takahashi H, Tanner DB, Taylor R, Taylor R, Thacker J, Thorne KA, Thorne KS, Thüring A, Tokmakov KV, Torres C, Torrie C, Traylor G, Trias M, Tyler W, Ugolini D, Ulmen J, Urbanek K, Vahlbruch H, Van Den Broeck C, van der Sluys M, Vass S, Vaulin R, Vecchio A, Veitch J, Veitch P, Villar A, Vorvick C, Vyachanin SP, Waldman SJ, Wallace L, Ward H, Ward R, Weinert M, Weinstein A, Weiss R, Wen S, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whitcomb SE, Whiting BF, Wilkinson C, Willems PA, Williams HR, Williams L, Willke B, Wilmut I, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wiseman AG, Woan G, Wooley R, Worden J, Wu W, Yakushin I, Yamamoto H, Yan Z, Yoshida S, Zanolin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhao C, Zotov N, Zucker M, Zweizig J, Barthelmy S, Gehrels N, Hurley KC, Palmer D. Search for gravitational-wave bursts from soft gamma repeaters. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:211102. [PMID: 19113401 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.211102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a LIGO search for short-duration gravitational waves (GWs) associated with soft gamma ray repeater (SGR) bursts. This is the first search sensitive to neutron star f modes, usually considered the most efficient GW emitting modes. We find no evidence of GWs associated with any SGR burst in a sample consisting of the 27 Dec. 2004 giant flare from SGR 1806-20 and 190 lesser events from SGR 1806-20 and SGR 1900+14. The unprecedented sensitivity of the detectors allows us to set the most stringent limits on transient GW amplitudes published to date. We find upper limit estimates on the model-dependent isotropic GW emission energies (at a nominal distance of 10 kpc) between 3x10;{45} and 9x10;{52} erg depending on waveform type, detector antenna factors and noise characteristics at the time of the burst. These upper limits are within the theoretically predicted range of some SGR models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Abbott
- LIGO-California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abbott B, Abbott R, Adhikari R, Agresti J, Ajith P, Allen B, Allen J, Amin R, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Araya M, Armandula H, Ashley M, Aulbert C, Babak S, Balasubramanian R, Ballmer S, Barish BC, Barker C, Barker D, Barton MA, Bayer K, Belczynski K, Betzwieser J, Bhawal B, Bilenko IA, Billingsley G, Black E, Blackburn K, Blackburn L, Bland B, Bogue L, Bork R, Bose S, Brady PR, Braginsky VB, Brau JE, Brown DA, Buonanno A, Busby D, Butler WE, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Camp JB, Cannizzo J, Cannon K, Cardenas L, Carter K, Casey MM, Charlton P, Chatterji S, Chen Y, Chin D, Christensen N, Cokelaer T, Colacino CN, Coldwell R, Cook D, Corbitt T, Coyne D, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Dalrymple J, D'Ambrosio E, Danzmann K, Davies G, DeBra D, Dergachev V, Desai S, DeSalvo R, Dhurandar S, Díaz M, Di Credico A, Drever RWP, Dupuis RJ, Ehrens P, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans T, Fairhurst S, Finn LS, Franzen KY, Frey RE, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fyffe M, Ganezer KS, Garofoli J, Gholami I, Giaime JA, Goda K, Goggin L, González G, Gray C, Gretarsson AM, Grimmett D, Grote H, Grunewald S, Guenther M, Gustafson R, Hamilton WO, Hanna C, Hanson J, Hardham C, Harry G, Heefner J, Heng IS, Hewitson M, Hindman N, Hoang P, Hough J, Hua W, Ito M, Itoh Y, Ivanov A, Johnson B, Johnson WW, Jones DI, Jones G, Jones L, Kalogera V, Katsavounidis E, Kawabe K, Kawamura S, Kells W, Khan A, Kim C, King P, Klimenko S, Koranda S, Kozak D, Krishnan B, Landry M, Lantz B, Lazzarini A, Lei M, Leonor I, Libbrecht K, Lindquist P, Liu S, Lormand M, Lubinski M, Lück H, Luna M, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Mageswaran M, Mailand K, Malec M, Mandic V, Marka S, Maros E, Mason K, Matone L, Mavalvala N, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McHugh M, McNabb JWC, Melissinos A, Mendell G, Mercer RA, Meshkov S, Messaritaki E, Messenger C, Mikhailov E, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Miyakawa O, Mohanty S, Moreno G, Mossavi K, Mueller G, Mukherjee S, Myers E, Myers J, Nash T, Nocera F, Noel JS, O'Reilly B, O'Shaughnessy R, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pan Y, Papa MA, Parameshwaraiah V, Parameswariah C, Pedraza M, Penn S, Pitkin M, Prix R, Quetschke V, Raab F, Radkins H, Rahkola R, Rakhmanov M, Rawlins K, Ray-Majumder S, Re V, Regimbau T, Reitze DH, Riesen R, Riles K, Rivera B, Robertson DI, Robertson NA, Robinson C, Roddy S, Rodriguez A, Rollins J, Romano JD, Romie J, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruet L, Russell P, Ryan K, Sandberg V, Sanders GH, Sannibale V, Sarin P, Sathyaprakash BS, Saulson PR, Savage R, Sazonov A, Schilling R, Schofield R, Schutz BF, Schwinberg P, Scott SM, Seader SE, Searle AC, Sears B, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Shawhan P, Shoemaker DH, Sibley A, Siemens X, Sigg D, Sintes AM, Smith J, Smith MR, Spjeld O, Strain KA, Strom DM, Stuver A, Summerscales T, Sung M, Sutton PJ, Tanner DB, Taylor R, Thorne KA, Thorne KS, Tokmakov KV, Torres C, Torrie C, Traylor G, Tyler W, Ugolini D, Ungarelli C, Vallisneri M, van Putten M, Vass S, Vecchio A, Veitch J, Vorvick C, Vyachanin SP, Wallace L, Ward H, Ward R, Watts K, Webber D, Weiland U, Weinstein A, Weiss R, Wen S, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whitcomb SE, Whiting BF, Wiley S, Wilkinson C, Willems PA, Willke B, Wilson A, Winkler W, Wise S, Wiseman AG, Woan G, Woods D, Wooley R, Worden J, Yakushin I, Yamamoto H, Yoshida S, Zanolin M, Zhang L, Zotov N, Zucker M, Zweizig J. Upper limits on a stochastic background of gravitational waves. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:221101. [PMID: 16384203 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.221101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory has performed a third science run with much improved sensitivities of all three interferometers. We present an analysis of approximately 200 hours of data acquired during this run, used to search for a stochastic background of gravitational radiation. We place upper bounds on the energy density stored as gravitational radiation for three different spectral power laws. For the flat spectrum, our limit of omega0 < 8.4 x 10(-4) in the 69-156 Hz band is approximately 10(5) times lower than the previous result in this frequency range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Abbott
- LIGO-California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abbott B, Abbott R, Adhikari R, Ageev A, Allen B, Amin R, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Araya M, Armandula H, Ashley M, Asiri F, Aufmuth P, Aulbert C, Babak S, Balasubramanian R, Ballmer S, Barish BC, Barker C, Barker D, Barnes M, Barr B, Barton MA, Bayer K, Beausoleil R, Belczynski K, Bennett R, Berukoff SJ, Betzwieser J, Bhawal B, Bilenko IA, Billingsley G, Black E, Blackburn K, Blackburn L, Bland B, Bochner B, Bogue L, Bork R, Bose S, Brady PR, Braginsky VB, Brau JE, Brown DA, Bullington A, Bunkowski A, Buonanno A, Burgess R, Busby D, Butler WE, Byer RL, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Camp JB, Cantley CA, Cardenas L, Carter K, Casey MM, Castiglione J, Chandler A, Chapsky J, Charlton P, Chatterji S, Chelkowski S, Chen Y, Chickarmane V, Chin D, Christensen N, Churches D, Cokelaer T, Colacino C, Coldwell R, Coles M, Cook D, Corbitt T, Coyne D, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Crooks DRM, Csatorday P, Cusack BJ, Cutler C, D'Ambrosio E, Danzmann K, Daw E, DeBra D, Delker T, Dergachev V, DeSalvo R, Dhurandhar S, Di Credico A, Díaz M, Ding H, Drever RWP, Dupuis RJ, Edlund JA, Ehrens P, Elliffe EJ, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans T, Fairhurst S, Fallnich C, Farnham D, Fejer MM, Findley T, Fine M, Finn LS, Franzen KY, Freise A, Frey R, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fyffe M, Ganezer KS, Garofoli J, Giaime JA, Gillespie A, Goda K, González G, Gossler S, Grandclément P, Grant A, Gray C, Gretarsson AM, Grimmett D, Grote H, Grunewald S, Guenther M, Gustafson E, Gustafson R, Hamilton WO, Hammond M, Hanson J, Hardham C, Harms J, Harry G, Hartunian A, Heefner J, Hefetz Y, Heinzel G, Heng IS, Hennessy M, Hepler N, Heptonstall A, Heurs M, Hewitson M, Hild S, Hindman N, Hoang P, Hough J, Hrynevych M, Hua W, Ito M, Itoh Y, Ivanov A, Jennrich O, Johnson B, Johnson WW, Johnston WR, Jones DI, Jones L, Jungwirth D, Kalogera V, Katsavounidis E, Kawabe K, Kawamura S, Kells W, Kern J, Khan A, Killbourn S, Killow CJ, Kim C, King C, King P, Klimenko S, Koranda S, Kötter K, Kovalik J, Kozak D, Krishnan B, Landry M, Langdale J, Lantz B, Lawrence R, Lazzarini A, Lei M, Leonor I, Libbrecht K, Libson A, Lindquist P, Liu S, Logan J, Lormand M, Lubinski M, Lück H, Lyons TT, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Mageswaran M, Mailand K, Majid W, Malec M, Mann F, Marin A, Márka S, Maros E, Mason J, Mason K, Matherny O, Matone L, Mavalvala N, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McHugh M, McNabb JWC, Mendell G, Mercer RA, Meshkov S, Messaritaki E, Messenger C, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Miyakawa O, Miyoki S, Mohanty S, Moreno G, Mossavi K, Mueller G, Mukherjee S, Murray P, Myers J, Nagano S, Nash T, Nayak R, Newton G, Nocera F, Noel JS, Nutzman P, Olson T, O'Reilly B, Ottaway DJ, Ottewill A, Ouimette D, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pan Y, Papa MA, Parameshwaraiah V, Parameswariah C, Pedraza M, Penn S, Pitkin M, Plissi M, Prix R, Quetschke V, Raab F, Radkins H, Rahkola R, Rakhmanov M, Rao SR, Rawlins K, Ray-Majumder S, Re V, Redding D, Regehr MW, Regimbau T, Reid S, Reilly KT, Reithmaier K, Reitze DH, Richman S, Riesen R, Riles K, Rivera B, Rizzi A, Robertson DI, Robertson NA, Robison L, Roddy S, Rollins J, Romano JD, Romie J, Rong H, Rose D, Rotthoff E, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Russell P, Ryan K, Salzman I, Sandberg V, Sanders GH, Sannibale V, Sathyaprakash B, Saulson PR, Savage R, Sazonov A, Schilling R, Schlaufman K, Schmidt V, Schnabel R, Schofield R, Schutz BF, Schwinberg P, Scott SM, Seader SE, Searle AC, Sears B, Seel S, Seifert F, Sengupta AS, Shapiro CA, Shawhan P, Shoemaker DH, Shu QZ, Sibley A, Siemens X, Sievers L, Sigg D, Sintes AM, Smith JR, Smith M, Smith MR, Sneddon PH, Spero R, Stapfer G, Steussy D, Strain KA, Strom D, Stuver A, Summerscales T, Sumner MC, Sutton PJ, Sylvestre J, Takamori A, Tanner DB, Tariq H, Taylor I, Taylor R, Taylor R, Thorne KA, Thorne KS, Tibbits M, Tilav S, Tinto M, Tokmakov KV, Torres C, Torrie C, Traylor G, Tyler W, Ugolini D, Ungarelli C, Vallisneri M, van Putten M, Vass S, Vecchio A, Veitch J, Vorvick C, Vyachanin SP, Wallace L, Walther H, Ward H, Ware B, Watts K, Webber D, Weidner A, Weiland U, Weinstein A, Weiss R, Welling H, Wen L, Wen S, Whelan JT, Whitcomb SE, Whiting BF, Wiley S, Wilkinson C, Willems PA, Williams PR, Williams R, Willke B, Wilson A, Winjum BJ, Winkler W, Wise S, Wiseman AG, Woan G, Wooley R, Worden J, Wu W, Yakushin I, Yamamoto H, Yoshida S, Zaleski KD, Zanolin M, Zawischa I, Zhang L, Zhu R, Zotov N, Zucker M, Zweizig J, Kramer M, Lyne AG. Limits on gravitational-wave emission from selected pulsars using LIGO data. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:181103. [PMID: 15904354 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.181103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We place direct upper limits on the amplitude of gravitational waves from 28 isolated radio pulsars by a coherent multidetector analysis of the data collected during the second science run of the LIGO interferometric detectors. These are the first direct upper limits for 26 of the 28 pulsars. We use coordinated radio observations for the first time to build radio-guided phase templates for the expected gravitational-wave signals. The unprecedented sensitivity of the detectors allows us to set strain upper limits as low as a few times 10(-24). These strain limits translate into limits on the equatorial ellipticities of the pulsars, which are smaller than 10(-5) for the four closest pulsars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Abbott
- LIGO-California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Merkel O, Fido M, Mayr JA, Prüger H, Raab F, Zandonella G, Kohlwein SD, Paltauf F. Characterization and Function in Vivo of Two Novel Phospholipases B/Lysophospholipases fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:28121-7. [PMID: 10497163 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.40.28121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast genome contains two genes, designated as PLB2 and PLB3, that are 67% and 62% identical, respectively, to PLB1, which codes for a phospholipase B/lysophospholipase in yeast (Lee, S. K., Patton, J. L., Fido, M., Hines, L. K., Kohlwein, S. D., Paltauf, F., Henry, S. A., and Levin, D. E. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 19725-19730). Deletion and overexpression studies and in vivo and in vitro activity measurements suggest that both genes indeed code for phospholipases B/lysophospholipases. In cell free extracts of a plb1 plb2 plb3 triple mutant, no phospholipase B activity was detectable. Upon overexpression of PLB2 in a plb1 plb3 mutant background, phospholipase B activity was detectable in the plasma membrane, periplasmic space extracts and the culture supernatant. Similar to Plb1p, Plb2p appears to accept all major phospholipid classes, with a preference for acidic phospholipids including phosphatidylinositol 3',4'-bisphosphate and phosphatidic acid. Consistent with a function as an extracellular lysophospholipase, PLB2 overexpression conferred resistance to lyso-phosphatidylcholine. Deletion of Plb2p function had no effect on glycerophosphoinositol or glycerophosphocholine release in vivo, in contrast to a deletion of Plb3p function, which resulted in a 50% reduction of phosphatidylinositol breakdown and glycerophosphoinositol release from the cells. In vitro, Plb3p hydrolyzes only phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine and, to a lesser extent, their lyso-analogs. Plb3p activity in a plb1 plb2 mutant background was observed in periplasmic space extracts. Both Plb3p and Plb2p display transacylase activity in vitro, in the presence or absence, respectively, of detergent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Merkel
- Institut für Biochemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gillespie A, Raab F. Thermally excited vibrations of the mirrors of laser interferometer gravitational-wave detectors. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1995; 52:577-585. [PMID: 10019279 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.52.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
|
13
|
Raab F, Schaffer E, Cornélissen G, Halberg F. More on the dentist's role in the prevention of high blood pressure. Chronobiologia 1993; 20:245-50. [PMID: 8131673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Raab
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Raab F, Bergeman T, Lieberman D, Metcalf H. Quantum-beat spectroscopy of the A(2)Sigma(+) state of the OH free radical. Opt Lett 1980; 5:427-429. [PMID: 19693251 DOI: 10.1364/ol.5.000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated the first reported use of quantum-beat spectroscopy for the precision measurement of energy-level splittings. We have measured the magnetic-field-level crossings of different hfs states of the OH free radical as well as the g factors, including the rotational and anisotropic contributions, of several states. We have constructed a Hamiltonian whose eigenvalues are in excellent agreement with our measurements. The hfs constants are b = 719.0 (1.2) MHz and c = 160.5 (0.9) MHz.
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Abstract
Several major design improvements to a previously described nitrogen laser are presented. The active region has a larger cross section but shorter length resulting in an output beam of better optical quality and a laser channel which is cheaper and easier to build. The gas flow is transverse to the channel, and the pressure is more uniform. These and other improvements result in a 9-nsec pulse FWHM (full width at half-maximum) whose peak power exceeds 0.7 MW when the laser is supplied with 24 kV and pulsed at 10 Hz.
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Abstract
Several major design improvements to a previously described nitrogen laser are presented. The active region has a larger cross section but shorter length resulting in an output beam of better optical quality and a laser channel which is cheaper and easier to build. The gas flow is transverse to the channel, and the pressure is more uniform. These and other improvements result in a 9-nsec pulse FWHM (full width at half-maximum) whose peak power exceeds 0.7 MW when the laser is supplied with 24 kV and pulsed at 10 Hz.
Collapse
|
19
|
|