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Castellari M, Matricardi L, Arfelli G, Carpi G, Galassi S. Effects of high hydrostatic pressure processing and of glucose oxidase-catalase addition on the color stability and sensorial score of grape juice / Efectos del tratamiento con altas presiones y de la adición de glucosa oxidasa-catalasa en la estabilidad del color y en la evaluación sensorial del zumo de uva. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/108201320000600103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of high hydrostatic pressure treatment (HHP) and the use of glucose oxidase-catalase enzymes on the color stability of a white grape juice were studied. The cold-prepared grape juice was stored for three weeks at 5 °C and evaluated for color and non-flavonoid phenolic content. The HHP treatments at 600 and 900 MPa slowed the degradation of non-flavonoid phenolics and reduced the rate of the browning during storage. No significant effect on the color was observed using 300 MPa. Further color stabilization was obtained using glucose oxidase-catalase enzymes and by setting the initial temperature of water inside the pressure vessel at 50 °C prior to HHP treatment. The sensory analyses indicated that enzymes and HHP improved the aroma and taste of juices; by contrast, oper ating the HHP process at an initial temperature of 50 °C showed no significant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Castellari
- Istituto di Industrie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 7, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - L. Matricardi
- Istituto di Industrie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 7, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Arfelli
- Istituto di Industrie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 7, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Carpi
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Conserve di Parma, Viale Tanara 31/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - S. Galassi
- Istituto di Industrie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 7, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Pezzuolo D, Scarabelli L, Giovanardi F, Prati G, Montanari S, Vernizzi R, Darecchio S, Maramotti G, Codispoti M, Sforacchi F, Gervasi E, Codeluppi G, Carpi G, Manara C, Cavalca M, Brozzi C, Alberini R, Verona C, Scaltriti L. The “Bandalarga” project: School's concerts in oncology. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv347.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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States SL, Brinkerhoff RJ, Carpi G, Steeves TK, Folsom-O'Keefe C, DeVeaux M, Diuk-Wasser MA. Lyme disease risk not amplified in a species-poor vertebrate community: similar Borrelia burgdorferi tick infection prevalence and OspC genotype frequencies. Infect Genet Evol 2014; 27:566-75. [PMID: 24787999 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of biodiversity declines on human health is currently debated, but empirical assessments are lacking. Lyme disease provides a model system to assess relationships between biodiversity and human disease because the etiologic agent, Borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted in the United States by the generalist black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) among a wide range of mammalian and avian hosts. The 'dilution effect' hypothesis predicts that species-poor host communities dominated by white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) will pose the greatest human risk because P. leucopus infects the largest numbers of ticks, resulting in higher human exposure to infected I. scapularis ticks. P. leucopus-dominated communities are also expected to maintain a higher frequency of those B. burgdorferi outer surface protein C (ospC) genotypes that this host species more efficiently transmits ('multiple niche polymorphism' hypothesis). Because some of these genotypes are human invasive, an additive increase in human disease risk is expected in species-poor settings. We assessed these theoretical predictions by comparing I. scapularis nymphal infection prevalence, density of infected nymphs and B. burgdorferi genotype diversity at sites on Block Island, RI, where P. leucopus dominates the mammalian host community, to species-diverse sites in northeastern Connecticut. We found no support for the dilution effect hypothesis; B. burgdorferi nymphal infection prevalence was similar between island and mainland and the density of B. burgdorferi infected nymphs was higher on the mainland, contrary to what is predicted by the dilution effect hypothesis. Evidence for the multiple niche polymorphism hypothesis was mixed: there was lower ospC genotype diversity at island than mainland sites, but no overrepresentation of genotypes with higher fitness in P. leucopus or that are more invasive in humans. We conclude that other mechanisms explain similar nymphal infection prevalence in both communities and that high ospC genotype diversity can be maintained in both species-poor and species-rich communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L States
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - R J Brinkerhoff
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; University of Richmond, Department of Biology, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173, USA; University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - G Carpi
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - T K Steeves
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - C Folsom-O'Keefe
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Audubon Connecticut, 185 East Flat Hill Rd., Southbury, CT 06488, USA
| | - M DeVeaux
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - M A Diuk-Wasser
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Cagnacci F, Bolzoni L, Rosà R, Carpi G, Hauffe H, Valent M, Tagliapietra V, Kazimirova M, Koci J, Stanko M, Lukan M, Henttonen H, Rizzoli A. Effects of deer density on tick infestation of rodents and the hazard of tick-borne encephalitis. I: Empirical assessment. Int J Parasitol 2012; 42:365-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rizzoli A, Hauffe H, Carpi G, Vourc H G, Neteler M, Rosa R. Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Euro Surveill 2011; 16:19906. [PMID: 21794218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Rizzoli
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy.
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Abstract
Despite improvements in prevention, diagnosis and treatment, Lyme borreliosis (LB) is still the most common arthropod-borne disease in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, with risk of infection associated with occupation (e.g. forestry work) and certain outdoor recreational activities (e.g. mushroom collecting). In Europe, LB is caused by infection with one or more pathogenic European genospecies of the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, mainly transmitted by the tick Ixodes ricinus. Recent surveys show that the overall prevalence of LB may be stabilising, but its geographical distribution is increasing. In addition, much remains to be discovered about the factors affecting genospecific prevalence, transmission and virulence, although avoidance of tick bite still appears to be the most efficient preventive measure. Uniform, European-wide surveillance programmes (particularly on a local scale) and standardisation of diagnostic tests and treatments are still urgently needed, especially in the light of climate change scenarios and land-use and socio-economic changes. Improved epidemiological knowledge will also aid development of more accurate risk prediction models for LB. Studies on the effects of biodiversity loss and ecosystem changes on LB emergence may identify new paradigms for the prevention and control of LB and other tick-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rizzoli
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy
| | - H C Hauffe
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - G Carpi
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy
| | - G I Vourc’h
- Unité d’Epidémiologie Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), St Genès Champanelle, France
| | - M Neteler
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy
| | - R Rosà
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy
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Delfini C, Conterno L, Carpi G, Rovere P, Tabusso A, Cocito C, Amati A. Microbiological stabilisation of grape musts and wines by high hydrostatic pressures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/09571269508718031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sandei L, Carpi G, Squarcina N, Leoni C, Rovere P. PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY WHOLE "CHERRY TOMATO" BY MEANS OF HIGH PRESSURE TREATMENT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.1999.487.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gola S, Foman C, Carpi G, Maggi A, Cassaà A, Rovere P. Inactivation of bacterial spores in phosphate buffer and in vegetable cream treated with high pressures. High Pressure Bioscience and Biotechnology, Proceedings of the International Conference on High Pressure Bioscience and Biotechnology 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-0423(06)80044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Provvisionato M, Carpi G. [Statistical study of tumors found at the Istituto di Anatomia ed Istologia Patologica dell'Universitá di Modena in the period from January 1951 to December 1964]. Arch Ital Patol Clin Tumori 1966; 9:121-63. [PMID: 5998087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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