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Pini L, Lombardi G, Sansone G, Gaiola M, Padovan M, Volpin F, Denaro L, Corbetta M, Salvalaggio A. Indirect functional connectivity does not predict overall survival in glioblastoma. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106521. [PMID: 38697575 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lesion network mapping (LNM) is a popular framework to assess clinical syndromes following brain injury. The classical approach involves embedding lesions from patients into a normative functional connectome and using the corresponding functional maps as proxies for disconnections. However, previous studies indicated limited predictive power of this approach in behavioral deficits. We hypothesized similarly low predictiveness for overall survival (OS) in glioblastoma (GBM). METHODS A retrospective dataset of patients with GBM was included (n = 99). Lesion masks were registered in the normative space to compute disconnectivity maps. The brain functional normative connectome consisted in data from 173 healthy subjects obtained from the Human Connectome Project. A modified version of the LNM was then applied to core regions of GBM masks. Linear regression, classification, and principal component (PCA) analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between disconnectivity and OS. OS was considered both as continuous and categorical (low, intermediate, and high survival) variable. RESULTS The results revealed no significant associations between OS and network disconnection strength when analyzed at both voxel-wise and classification levels. Moreover, patients stratified into different OS groups did not exhibit significant differences in network connectivity patterns. The spatial similarity among the first PCA of network maps for each OS group suggested a lack of distinctive network patterns associated with survival duration. CONCLUSIONS Compared with indirect structural measures, functional indirect mapping does not provide significant predictive power for OS in patients with GBM. These findings are consistent with previous research that demonstrated the limitations of indirect functional measures in predicting clinical outcomes, underscoring the need for more comprehensive methodologies and a deeper understanding of the factors influencing clinical outcomes in this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pini
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Sansone
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Gaiola
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Padovan
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Volpin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Denaro
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy; Departments of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy; Veneto institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
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Sansone G, Megevand P, Vulliémoz S, Corbetta M, Picard F, Seeck M. Long-term outcome of alcohol withdrawal seizures. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16075. [PMID: 37823698 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Alcohol withdrawal seizures (AWS) are a well-known complication of chronic alcohol abuse, but there is currently little knowledge of their long-term relapse rate and prognosis. The aims of this study were to identify risk factors for AWS recurrence and to study the overall outcome of patients after AWS. METHODS In this retrospective single-center study, we included patients who were admitted to the Emergency Department after an AWS between January 1, 2013 and August 10, 2021 and for whom an electroencephalogram (EEG) was requested. AWS relapses up until April 29, 2022 were researched. We compared history, treatment with benzodiazepines or antiseizure medications (ASMs), laboratory, EEG and computed tomography findings between patients with AWS relapse (r-AWS) and patients with no AWS relapse (nr-AWS). RESULTS A total of 199 patients were enrolled (mean age 53 ± 12 years; 78.9% men). AWS relapses occurred in 11% of patients, after a median time of 470.5 days. Brain computed tomography (n = 182) showed pathological findings in 35.7%. Risk factors for relapses were history of previous AWS (p = 0.013), skull fractures (p = 0.004) at the index AWS, and possibly epileptiform EEG abnormalities (p = 0.07). Benzodiazepines or other ASMs, taken before or after the index event, did not differ between the r-AWS and the nr-AWS group. The mortality rate was 2.9%/year of follow-up, which was 13 times higher compared to the general population. Risk factors for death were history of AWS (p < 0.001) and encephalopathic EEG (p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS Delayed AWS relapses occur in 11% of patients and are associated with risk factors (previous AWS >24 h apart, skull fractures, and pathological EEG findings) that also increase the epilepsy risk, that is, predisposition for seizures, if not treated. Future prospective studies are mandatory to determine appropriate long-term diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, in order to reduce the risk of relapse and mortality associated with AWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Sansone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Geneva & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pierre Megevand
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Geneva & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Serge Vulliémoz
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Geneva & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Fondazione Biomedica, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabienne Picard
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Geneva & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margitta Seeck
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Geneva & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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Salvalaggio A, Pini L, Gaiola M, Velco A, Sansone G, Anglani M, Fekonja L, Chioffi F, Picht T, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Zagonel V, Lombardi G, D’Avella D, Corbetta M. White Matter Tract Density Index Prediction Model of Overall Survival in Glioblastoma. JAMA Neurol 2023; 80:1222-1231. [PMID: 37747720 PMCID: PMC10520843 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Importance The prognosis of overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) may depend on the underlying structural connectivity of the brain. Objective To examine the association between white matter tracts affected by GBM and patients' OS by means of a new tract density index (TDI). Design, Setting, and Participants This prognostic study in patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of GBM examined a discovery cohort of 112 patients who underwent surgery between February 1, 2015, and November 30, 2020 (follow-up to May 31, 2023), in Italy and 70 patients in a replicative cohort (n = 70) who underwent surgery between September 1, 2012, and November 30, 2015 (follow-up to May 31, 2023), in Germany. Statistical analyses were performed from June 1, 2021, to May 31, 2023. Thirteen and 12 patients were excluded from the discovery and the replicative sets, respectively, because of magnetic resonance imaging artifacts. Exposure The density of white matter tracts encompassing GBM. Main Outcomes and Measures Correlation, linear regression, Cox proportional hazards regression, Kaplan-Meier, and prediction analysis were used to assess the association between the TDI and OS. Results were compared with common prognostic factors of GBM, including age, performance status, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase methylation, and extent of surgery. Results In the discovery cohort (n = 99; mean [SD] age, 62.2 [11.5] years; 29 female [29.3%]; 70 male [70.7%]), the TDI was significantly correlated with OS (r = -0.34; P < .001). This association was more stable compared with other prognostic factors. The TDI showed a significant regression pattern (Cox: hazard ratio, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.02-0.55; P = .04]; linear: t = -2.366; P = .02). and a significant Kaplan-Meier stratification of patients as having lower or higher OS based on the TDI (log-rank test = 4.52; P = .03). Results were confirmed in the replicative cohort (n = 58; mean [SD] age, 58.5 [11.1] years, 14 female [24.1%]; 44 male [75.9%]). High (24-month cutoff) and low (18-month cutoff) OS was predicted based on the TDI computed in the discovery cohort (accuracy = 87%). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, GBMs encompassing regions with low white matter tract density were associated with longer OS. These findings indicate that the TDI is a reliable presurgical outcome predictor that may be considered in clinical trials and clinical practice. These findings support a framework in which the outcome of GBM depends on the patient's brain organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Salvalaggio
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pini
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Gaiola
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Aron Velco
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Sansone
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Lucius Fekonja
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Matters of Activity. Image Space Material,” Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franco Chioffi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Thomas Picht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Matters of Activity. Image Space Material,” Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
- Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives-UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Domenico D’Avella
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Biomedica, Padova, Italy
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Guillemin R, Inhester L, Ilchen M, Mazza T, Boll R, Weber T, Eckart S, Grychtol P, Rennhack N, Marchenko T, Velasquez N, Travnikova O, Ismail I, Niskanen J, Kukk E, Trinter F, Gisselbrecht M, Feifel R, Sansone G, Rolles D, Martins M, Meyer M, Simon M, Santra R, Pfeifer T, Jahnke T, Piancastelli MN. Isotope effects in dynamics of water isotopologues induced by core ionization at an x-ray free-electron laser. Struct Dyn 2023; 10:054302. [PMID: 37799711 PMCID: PMC10550338 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical response of water exposed to x-rays is of utmost importance in a wealth of science areas. We exposed isolated water isotopologues to short x-ray pulses from a free-electron laser and detected momenta of all produced ions in coincidence. By combining experimental results and theoretical modeling, we identify significant structural dynamics with characteristic isotope effects in H2O2+, D2O2+, and HDO2+, such as asymmetric bond elongation and bond-angle opening, leading to two-body or three-body fragmentation on a timescale of a few femtoseconds. A method to disentangle the sequences of events taking place upon the consecutive absorption of two x-ray photons is described. The obtained deep look into structural properties and dynamics of dissociating water isotopologues provides essential insights into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Guillemin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L. Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - T. Mazza
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R. Boll
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Th. Weber
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S. Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - T. Marchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - N. Velasquez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - O. Travnikova
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - I. Ismail
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J. Niskanen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - E. Kukk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G. Sansone
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - D. Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - M. Martins
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Meyer
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M. Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - T. Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Jahnke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. N. Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
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Ertel D, Schmoll M, Kellerer S, Jäger A, Weissenbilder R, Moioli M, Ahmadi H, Busto D, Makos I, Frassetto F, Poletto L, Schröter CD, Pfeifer T, Moshammer R, Sansone G. Ultrastable, high-repetition-rate attosecond beamline for time-resolved XUV-IR coincidence spectroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:073001. [PMID: 37404094 DOI: 10.1063/5.0139496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of attosecond photoelectron-photoion coincidence spectroscopy for the investigation of atomic and molecular dynamics calls for a high-repetition-rate driving source combined with experimental setups characterized by excellent stability for data acquisition over time intervals ranging from a few hours up to a few days. This requirement is crucial for the investigation of processes characterized by low cross sections and for the characterization of fully differential photoelectron(s) and photoion(s) angular and energy distributions. We demonstrate that the implementation of industrial-grade lasers, combined with a careful design of the delay line implemented in the pump-probe setup, allows one to reach ultrastable experimental conditions leading to an error in the estimation of the time delays of only 12 as over an acquisition time of 6.5 h. This result opens up new possibilities for the investigation of attosecond dynamics in simple quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ertel
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Schmoll
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Kellerer
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Jäger
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - R Weissenbilder
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Moioli
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Ahmadi
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - D Busto
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - I Makos
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Frassetto
- CNR-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - L Poletto
- CNR-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - C D Schröter
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, 67119 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, 67119 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Moshammer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, 67119 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Sansone
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Sansone G, Pini L, Salvalaggio A, Gaiola M, Volpin F, Baro V, Padovan M, Anglani M, Facchini S, Chioffi F, Zagonel V, D’Avella D, Denaro L, Lombardi G, Corbetta M. Patterns of gray and white matter functional networks involvement in glioblastoma patients: indirect mapping from clinical MRI scans. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1175576. [PMID: 37409023 PMCID: PMC10318144 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1175576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resting-state functional-MRI studies identified several cortical gray matter functional networks (GMNs) and white matter functional networks (WMNs) with precise anatomical localization. Here, we aimed at describing the relationships between brain's functional topological organization and glioblastoma (GBM) location. Furthermore, we assessed whether GBM distribution across these networks was associated with overall survival (OS). Materials and methods We included patients with histopathological diagnosis of IDH-wildtype GBM, presurgical MRI and survival data. For each patient, we recorded clinical-prognostic variables. GBM core and edema were segmented and normalized to a standard space. Pre-existing functional connectivity-based atlases were used to define network parcellations: 17 GMNs and 12 WMNs were considered in particular. We computed the percentage of lesion overlap with GMNs and WMNs, both for core and edema. Differences between overlap percentages were assessed through descriptive statistics, ANOVA, post-hoc tests, Pearson's correlation tests and canonical correlations. Multiple linear and non-linear regression tests were employed to explore relationships with OS. Results 99 patients were included (70 males, mean age 62 years). The most involved GMNs included ventral somatomotor, salient ventral attention and default-mode networks; the most involved WMNs were ventral frontoparietal tracts, deep frontal white matter, and superior longitudinal fasciculus system. Superior longitudinal fasciculus system and dorsal frontoparietal tracts were significantly more included in the edema (p < 0.001). 5 main patterns of GBM core distribution across functional networks were found, while edema localization was less classifiable. ANOVA showed significant differences between mean overlap percentages, separately for GMNs and WMNs (p-values<0.0001). Core-N12 overlap predicts higher OS, although its inclusion does not increase the explained OS variance. Discussion and conclusion Both GBM core and edema preferentially overlap with specific GMNs and WMNs, especially associative networks, and GBM core follows five main distribution patterns. Some inter-related GMNs and WMNs were co-lesioned by GBM, suggesting that GBM distribution is not independent of the brain's structural and functional organization. Although the involvement of ventral frontoparietal tracts (N12) seems to have some role in predicting survival, network-topology information is overall scarcely informative about OS. fMRI-based approaches may more effectively demonstrate the effects of GBM on brain networks and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Sansone
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pini
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Salvalaggio
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Gaiola
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Volpin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Baro
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Padovan
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Facchini
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Franco Chioffi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Domenico D’Avella
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Denaro
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Fondazione Biomedica, Padova, Italy
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Pagano A, Porta G, Bosso G, Allegorico E, Serra C, Mercurio V, Sansone G, Orefice S, Numis FG. Blood lactate in mild and moderate ARDS secondary to SARS COV 2. Am J Emerg Med 2023; 66:73-75. [PMID: 36731159 PMCID: PMC9869639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Elevated blood lactate levels are associated with poor outcome in several critical conditions. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 rarely develop hyperlactatemia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the trend of lactatemia in patients affected by mild/moderate SARS-Co V-2-ARDS and if it affected prognosis. METHODS We analyzed blood lactate levels in thirty-eight patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to COVID Care Unit of Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, Pozzuoli. RESULTS Twenty patients survived and were discharged at home and 18 patients died. Despite severe hypoxia that affected all patients enrolled, T0 lactate was within normal values. All survivors showed a significant increase in lactate concentration the day prior to clinical improvement. In not-survivors levels of lactate did not increase significantly. CONCLUSION In our study, patients who survive SARS CoV-2 ARDS have a fleeting increase in lactate, which precedes clinical improvement by one day.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pagano
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - G Porta
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - G Bosso
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - E Allegorico
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - C Serra
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - V Mercurio
- University of Naples, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - G Sansone
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - S Orefice
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - F G Numis
- Emergency Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Domitiana località La Schiana Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
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Sansone G, Vivori N, Vivori C, Di Stefano AL, Picca A. Basic premises: searching for new targets and strategies in diffuse gliomas. Clin Transl Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-022-00507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Salvalaggio A, Silvestri E, Sansone G, Pinton L, Magri S, Briani C, Anglani M, Lombardi G, Zagonel V, Della Puppa A, Mandruzzato S, Corbetta M, Bertoldo A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates of Immune Microenvironment in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:823812. [PMID: 35392230 PMCID: PMC8980808 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.823812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most commonly occurring primary malignant brain tumor, and it carries a dismal prognosis. Focusing on the tumor microenvironment may provide new insights into pathogenesis, but no clinical tools are available to do this. We hypothesized that the infiltration of different leukocyte populations in the tumoral and peritumoral brain tissues may be measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Pre-operative MRI was combined with immune phenotyping of intraoperative tumor tissue based on flow cytometry of myeloid cell populations that are associated with immune suppression, namely, microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). These cell populations were measured from the central and marginal areas of the lesion identified intraoperatively with 5-aminolevulinic acid-guided surgery. MRI features (volume, mean and standard deviation of signal intensity, and fractality) were derived from all MR sequences (T1w, Gd+ T1w, T2w, FLAIR) and ADC MR maps and from different tumor areas (contrast- and non-contrast-enhancing tumor, necrosis, and edema). The principal components of MRI features were correlated with different myeloid cell populations by Pearson's correlation. Results We analyzed 126 samples from 62 GBM patients. The ratio between BMDM and microglia decreases significantly from the central core to the periphery. Several MRI-derived principal components were significantly correlated (p <0.05, r range: [-0.29, -0.41]) with the BMDM/microglia ratio collected in the central part of the tumor. Conclusions We report a significant correlation between structural MRI clinical imaging and the ratio of recruited vs. resident macrophages with different immunomodulatory activities. MRI features may represent a novel tool for investigating the microenvironment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Salvalaggio
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Silvestri
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Sansone
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Pinton
- Veneto Institute of Oncology - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IOV-IRCCS), Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Magri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Briani
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Della Puppa
- Neurosurgery, Department of NEUROFARBA, University Hospital of Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Susanna Mandruzzato
- Veneto Institute of Oncology - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IOV-IRCCS), Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Biomedica, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bertoldo
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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10
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Bravo E, Sansone G, Bravo E. Implementation of Basic and Practical Approaches to Reduce Urinary Tract Infections and Related Costs in a Nursing Facility. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 22:B13. [PMID: 34287150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emalyn Bravo
- Gouverneur Skilled Nursing Facility, NYC Health and Hospitals
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11
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Sansone G, Lambrese Y, Calvente V, Fernández G, Benuzzi D, Sanz Ferramola M. Evaluation of Rhodosporidium fluviale as biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea on apple fruit. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 66:455-461. [PMID: 29495073 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the ability of the native yeast Rhodosporidium fluviale to control Botrytis cinerea on apple fruit and to study the possible mechanisms of action with the goal of improving the control of gray mold. For this, the influence of application time of the yeast was studied simulating preventive and curative effects. Also, the effect of nonviable cells of the yeast in the biocontrol was assessed. According to the results obtained, the following mechanisms of action of R. fluviale could be proposed: 1- competition for space, 2- direct interaction between antagonist and pathogen, 3- induction of β-1,3-glucanase in apple tissue, 4- Probable production of glucanase in the apple wounds and 5- antifungal action of cellular components, probably chitin, present in the wall of yeast cells that could be the explanation for the activity of nonviable cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Significance and Impact of the Study: Botrytis cinerea Pers: Fr, which causes gray mold of fruits and vegetables around the world, is difficult to control successfully because it is genetically variable and rapidly develops resistance to the chemicals commonly used for its control. This study is a contribution to the biocontrol of this phytopathogen fungus. The evaluation of the native yeast Rhodosporidium fluviale as biocontrol agent and the elucidation of possible mechanisms of action, including the participation of nonviable cells of this yeast, have not been reported up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sansone
- Área de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Y Lambrese
- Área de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - V Calvente
- Área de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - G Fernández
- Área de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - D Benuzzi
- Área de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - M Sanz Ferramola
- Área de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
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12
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Iablonskyi D, Ueda K, Ishikawa KL, Kheifets AS, Carpeggiani P, Reduzzi M, Ahmadi H, Comby A, Sansone G, Csizmadia T, Kuehn S, Ovcharenko E, Mazza T, Meyer M, Fischer A, Callegari C, Plekan O, Finetti P, Allaria E, Ferrari E, Roussel E, Gauthier D, Giannessi L, Prince KC. Observation and Control of Laser-Enabled Auger Decay. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:073203. [PMID: 28949652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.073203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-photon laser-enabled Auger decay (spLEAD) is predicted theoretically [B. Cooper and V. Averbukh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 083004 (2013)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.111.083004] and here we report its first experimental observation in neon. Using coherent, bichromatic free-electron laser pulses, we detect the process and coherently control the angular distribution of the emitted electrons by varying the phase difference between the two laser fields. Since spLEAD is highly sensitive to electron correlation, this is a promising method for probing both correlation and ultrafast hole migration in more complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Iablonskyi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - K L Ishikawa
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Photon Science Center, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - A S Kheifets
- Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - P Carpeggiani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, CNR-IFN, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M Reduzzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, CNR-IFN, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - H Ahmadi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, CNR-IFN, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - A Comby
- Dipartimento di Fisica, CNR-IFN, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - G Sansone
- Dipartimento di Fisica, CNR-IFN, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Physikalisches Institut der Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - T Csizmadia
- ELI-ALPS, Pintér József utca, 6728 Szeged, Hungary
| | - S Kuehn
- ELI-ALPS, Pintér József utca, 6728 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - T Mazza
- European XFEL GmbH, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL GmbH, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Allaria
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Ferrari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Roussel
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Gauthier
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- ENEA C.R. Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - K C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Molecular Model Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
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13
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Takanashi T, Golubev NV, Callegari C, Fukuzawa H, Motomura K, Iablonskyi D, Kumagai Y, Mondal S, Tachibana T, Nagaya K, Nishiyama T, Matsunami K, Johnsson P, Piseri P, Sansone G, Dubrouil A, Reduzzi M, Carpeggiani P, Vozzi C, Devetta M, Negro M, Faccialà D, Calegari F, Trabattoni A, Castrovilli MC, Ovcharenko Y, Mudrich M, Stienkemeier F, Coreno M, Alagia M, Schütte B, Berrah N, Plekan O, Finetti P, Spezzani C, Ferrari E, Allaria E, Penco G, Serpico C, De Ninno G, Diviacco B, Di Mitri S, Giannessi L, Jabbari G, Prince KC, Cederbaum LS, Demekhin PV, Kuleff AI, Ueda K. Time-Resolved Measurement of Interatomic Coulombic Decay Induced by Two-Photon Double Excitation of Ne_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:033202. [PMID: 28157370 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.033202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The hitherto unexplored two-photon doubly excited states [Ne^{*}(2p^{-1}3s)]_{2} were experimentally identified using the seeded, fully coherent, intense extreme ultraviolet free-electron laser FERMI. These states undergo ultrafast interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD), which predominantly produces singly ionized dimers. In order to obtain the rate of ICD, the resulting yield of Ne_{2}^{+} ions was recorded as a function of delay between the extreme ultraviolet pump and UV probe laser pulses. The extracted lifetimes of the long-lived doubly excited states, 390(-130/+450) fs, and of the short-lived ones, less than 150 fs, are in good agreement with ab initio quantum mechanical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takanashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - N V Golubev
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - H Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - K Motomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - D Iablonskyi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - S Mondal
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - T Tachibana
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - K Nagaya
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Nishiyama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Matsunami
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - P Johnsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - P Piseri
- CIMAINA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Sansone
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 19 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Dubrouil
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Reduzzi
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - P Carpeggiani
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - C Vozzi
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Devetta
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Negro
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - D Faccialà
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Calegari
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Trabattoni
- CNR-IFN, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Y Ovcharenko
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Mudrich
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Stienkemeier
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Coreno
- CNR-ISM, Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Alagia
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - B Schütte
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2 A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Spezzani
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Ferrari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Allaria
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Penco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Serpico
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - G De Ninno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, 5001 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - B Diviacco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Di Mitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Jabbari
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - L S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ph V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A I Kuleff
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
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14
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Iablonskyi D, Nagaya K, Fukuzawa H, Motomura K, Kumagai Y, Mondal S, Tachibana T, Takanashi T, Nishiyama T, Matsunami K, Johnsson P, Piseri P, Sansone G, Dubrouil A, Reduzzi M, Carpeggiani P, Vozzi C, Devetta M, Negro M, Calegari F, Trabattoni A, Castrovilli MC, Faccialà D, Ovcharenko Y, Möller T, Mudrich M, Stienkemeier F, Coreno M, Alagia M, Schütte B, Berrah N, Kuleff AI, Jabbari G, Callegari C, Plekan O, Finetti P, Spezzani C, Ferrari E, Allaria E, Penco G, Serpico C, De Ninno G, Nikolov I, Diviacco B, Di Mitri S, Giannessi L, Prince KC, Ueda K. Slow Interatomic Coulombic Decay of Multiply Excited Neon Clusters. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:276806. [PMID: 28084773 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.276806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ne clusters (∼5000 atoms) were resonantly excited (2p→3s) by intense free electron laser (FEL) radiation at FERMI. Such multiply excited clusters can decay nonradiatively via energy exchange between at least two neighboring excited atoms. Benefiting from the precise tunability and narrow bandwidth of seeded FEL radiation, specific sites of the Ne clusters were probed. We found that the relaxation of cluster surface atoms proceeds via a sequence of interatomic or intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) processes while ICD of bulk atoms is additionally affected by the surrounding excited medium via inelastic electron scattering. For both cases, cluster excitations relax to atomic states prior to ICD, showing that this kind of ICD is rather slow (picosecond range). Controlling the average number of excitations per cluster via the FEL intensity allows a coarse tuning of the ICD rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Iablonskyi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - K Nagaya
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - K Motomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - S Mondal
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - T Tachibana
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - T Takanashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
| | - T Nishiyama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Matsunami
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - P Johnsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - P Piseri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Sansone
- CNR-IFN, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - F Calegari
- CNR-IFN, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Trabattoni
- CNR-IFN, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - D Faccialà
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Y Ovcharenko
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Möller
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Mudrich
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Stienkemeier
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Coreno
- CNR-ISM, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Alagia
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - B Schütte
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A I Kuleff
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Jabbari
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - P Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - C Spezzani
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - E Ferrari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - E Allaria
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Penco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - C Serpico
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - G De Ninno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, 5001 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - I Nikolov
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - B Diviacco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - S Di Mitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - K C Prince
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan
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15
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Skantzakis E, Chatziathanasiou S, Carpeggiani PA, Sansone G, Nayak A, Gray D, Tzallas P, Charalambidis D, Hertz E, Faucher O. Polarization shaping of high-order harmonics in laser-aligned molecules. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39295. [PMID: 27995974 PMCID: PMC5172357 DOI: 10.1038/srep39295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work reports on the generation of short-pulse coherent extreme ultraviolet radiation of controlled polarization. The proposed strategy is based on high-order harmonics generated in pre-aligned molecules. Field-free molecular alignment produced by a short linearly-polarized infrared laser pulse is used to break the isotropy of a gas medium. Driving the aligned molecules by a circularly-polarized infrared pulse allows to transfer the anisotropy of the medium to the polarization of the generated harmonic light. The ellipticity of the latter is controlled by adjusting the angular distribution of the molecules at the time they interact with the driving pulse. Extreme ultraviolet radiation produced with high degree of ellipticity (close to circular) is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Skantzakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, P.O. Box 1527, GR-711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - S Chatziathanasiou
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, P.O. Box 1527, GR-711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, GR71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - P A Carpeggiani
- Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Sansone
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged Hungary
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A Nayak
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - D Gray
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, P.O. Box 1527, GR-711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - P Tzallas
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, P.O. Box 1527, GR-711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - D Charalambidis
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, P.O. Box 1527, GR-711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, GR71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - E Hertz
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 Av. A. Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 DIJON Cedex, France
| | - O Faucher
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged Hungary
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 Av. A. Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 DIJON Cedex, France
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16
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Trabattoni A, Oksenhendler T, Jousselin H, Tempea G, De Silvestri S, Sansone G, Calegari F, Nisoli M. Self-referenced spectral interferometry for single-shot measurement of sub-5-fs pulses. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:113106. [PMID: 26628120 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel approach for the extension of self-referenced spectral interferometry to the temporal characterization of few-optical cycle pulses. The new experimental setup is characterized by low dispersion and a collinear geometry. 4-fs pulses have been characterized by performing single-shot measurements, with high dynamic range on a broad temporal region. An independent measurement of the pulse duration, obtained by using attosecond streaking, allowed us to cross-check the experimental technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trabattoni
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - T Oksenhendler
- Fastlite, Campus Scientifique d'Orsay, Bât 503, Plateau du Moulon, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - H Jousselin
- Fastlite, Campus Scientifique d'Orsay, Bât 503, Plateau du Moulon, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - G Tempea
- Femtolasers Produktions GmbH, Fernkorngasse 10, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - S De Silvestri
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Sansone
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Calegari
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, IFN-CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Nisoli
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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17
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Frassetto F, Trabattoni A, Anumula S, Sansone G, Calegari F, Nisoli M, Poletto L. High-throughput beamline for attosecond pulses based on toroidal mirrors with microfocusing capabilities. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:103115. [PMID: 25362379 DOI: 10.1063/1.4898671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a novel attosecond beamline designed for attosecond-pump/attosecond probe experiments. Microfocusing of the Extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) radiation is obtained by using a coma-compensated optical configuration based on the use of three toroidal mirrors controlled by a genetic algorithm. Trains of attosecond pulses are generated with a measured peak intensity of about 3 × 10(11) W/cm(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Frassetto
- National Research Council, Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, via Trasea 7, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Trabattoni
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - S Anumula
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Sansone
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Calegari
- National Research Council, Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Nisoli
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Poletto
- National Research Council, Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, via Trasea 7, 35131 Padova, Italy
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18
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Feng C, Hergott JF, Paul PM, Chen X, Tcherbakoff O, Comte M, Gobert O, Reduzzi M, Calegari F, Manzoni C, Nisoli M, Sansone G. Complete analog control of the carrier-envelope-phase of a high-power laser amplifier. Opt Express 2013; 21:25248-25256. [PMID: 24150365 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.025248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work we demonstrate the development of a complete analog feedback loop for the control of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of a high-average power (20 W) laser operating at 10 kHz repetition rate. The proposed method combines a detection scheme working on a single-shot basis at the full-repetition-rate of the laser system with a fast actuator based either on an acousto-optic or on an electro-optic crystal. The feedback loop is used to correct the CEP fluctuations introduced by the amplification process demonstrating a CEP residual noise of 320 mrad measured on a single-shot basis. The comparison with a feedback loop operating at a lower sampling rate indicates an improvement up to 45% in the residual noise. The measurement of the CEP drift for different integration times clearly evidences the importance of the single-shot characterization of the residual CEP drift. The demonstrated scheme could be efficiently applied for systems approaching the 100 kHz repetition rate regime.
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19
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Vitiello V, Carlino PA, Del Prete F, Langellotti AL, Sansone G. Effects of cooling and freezing on the motility of Ostrea edulis (L., 1758) spermatozoa after thawing. Cryobiology 2011; 63:118-24. [PMID: 21856295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of temperature, cryoprotectant agents and freezing curves on sperm motility of Ostrea edulis. All phases of cryopreservation were studied (evaluation of semen motility pattern, choice of cryoprotectants and freezing rates) to restore after thawing the motility characteristics distinctive of fresh semen. To assess the temperature effects on sperm motility, semen was activated using four different temperatures (25, 18, 10 and 3°C). Sperm aliquots were maintained inactive at these temperatures for 1 and 3h, then activated with FSW at same temperature of conservation. Sperm was activated and incubated to 3°C with dimethylsulfoxide (Me(2)SO), ethylene glycol (EG), 1-2 propylene glycol (PG) (5%, 7%, 10% and 15% final concentrations), glycerol (GlOH; 5%, 10% and 15% final concentrations) and methanol (MetOH; 4% and 10% final concentrations) for 10, 20 and 30min. A first evaluation of freezing rates was made by testing four freezing curves: -1, -3, -6 and -10°C/min. Then, an optimization was made by testing four freezing curves: -2.5, -3.0, -3.5 and -4°C/min. The selected temperature for short term conservation has been 3°C, because only this temperature has allowed good sperm motility conservation after 3h of dry-storage; this is a time sufficient to conduct cryopreservation procedures. The sperm showed a particular sensitivity to GlOH and PG to all tested concentrations and to 15% Me(2)SO. EG and MetOH to all concentrations and Me(2)SO to concentrations lower than 15% have not shown significant toxic effects. The freezing rate -3°C/min using 15% EG has shown an highest percentage of RVF (rapid, vigorous and forward) spermatozoa (class 3, about 75% of fresh semen) and an highest sperm motility duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vitiello
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Laboratorio di Criobiologia, University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
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20
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Mauritsson J, Remetter T, Swoboda M, Klünder K, L'Huillier A, Schafer KJ, Ghafur O, Kelkensberg F, Siu W, Johnsson P, Vrakking MJJ, Znakovskaya I, Uphues T, Zherebtsov S, Kling MF, Lépine F, Benedetti E, Ferrari F, Sansone G, Nisoli M. Attosecond electron spectroscopy using a novel interferometric pump-probe technique. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:053001. [PMID: 20867908 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.053001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present an interferometric pump-probe technique for the characterization of attosecond electron wave packets (WPs) that uses a free WP as a reference to measure a bound WP. We demonstrate our method by exciting helium atoms using an attosecond pulse (AP) with a bandwidth centered near the ionization threshold, thus creating both a bound and a free WP simultaneously. After a variable delay, the bound WP is ionized by a few-cycle infrared laser precisely synchronized to the original AP. By measuring the delay-dependent photoelectron spectrum we obtain an interferogram that contains both quantum beats as well as multipath interference. Analysis of the interferogram allows us to determine the bound WP components with a spectral resolution much better than the inverse of the AP duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mauritsson
- Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, P. O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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21
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Calegari F, Vozzi C, Negro M, Sansone G, Frassetto F, Poletto L, Villoresi P, Nisoli M, De Silvestri S, Stagira S. Efficient continuum generation exceeding 200 eV by intense ultrashort two-color driver. Opt Lett 2009; 34:3125-3127. [PMID: 19838247 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.003125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A temporal gating on the high-order harmonic emission process is achieved using an intense 20 fs, 1.45 microm pulse (IR) in combination with an intense 13 fs, 800 nm pulse [visible (VIS)]. Exploiting this two-color gating scheme, a coherent continuous emission extending up to 160 eV using Ar gas and 200 eV using Ne gas is efficiently generated. The IR pulse contributes to significantly extending the harmonic emission to higher photon energies, whereas the VIS pulse improves the conversion efficiency of the process. These results indicate the possibility to produce bright attosecond pulses approaching the soft X spectral region.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Calegari
- Dipartimento di Fisica, National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science-CNR-INFM,Politecnico di Milano, Milano I-20133, Italy.
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22
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Kelkensberg F, Lefebvre C, Siu W, Ghafur O, Nguyen-Dang TT, Atabek O, Keller A, Serov V, Johnsson P, Swoboda M, Remetter T, L'Huillier A, Zherebtsov S, Sansone G, Benedetti E, Ferrari F, Nisoli M, Lépine F, Kling MF, Vrakking MJJ. Molecular dissociative ionization and wave-packet dynamics studied using two-color XUV and IR pump-probe spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:123005. [PMID: 19792432 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.123005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined theoretical and experimental study of ultrafast wave-packet dynamics in the dissociative ionization of H_{2} molecules as a result of irradiation with an extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulse followed by an infrared (IR) pulse. In experiments where the duration of both the XUV and IR pulses are shorter than the vibrational period of H_{2};{+}, dephasing and rephasing of the vibrational wave packet that is formed in H_{2};{+} upon ionization of the neutral molecule by the XUV pulse is observed. In experiments where the duration of the IR pulse exceeds the vibrational period of H_{2};{+} (15 fs), a pronounced dependence of the H;{+} kinetic energy distribution on XUV-IR delay is observed that can be explained in terms of the adiabatic propagation of the H_{2};{+} wave packet on field-dressed potential energy curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kelkensberg
- FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF), 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Sciarratta GV, Ivaldi G, Molaro GL, Sansone G, Salkie ML, Wilson JB, Reese AL, Huisman TH. The Characterization of Hemoglobin Manitoba or α2102(G9)Ser→Argβ2and Hemoglobin Contaldo or α2103(G10)HIS→ARGβ2By High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Hemoglobin 2009; 8:169-81. [PMID: 6547932 DOI: 10.3109/03630268408991710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hb Contaldo with a His----Arg substitution at position 103(G10) of the alpha chain is a newly discovered unstable Hb variant observed in an Italian child. Its instability is probably due to the disruption of the hydrogen bond between alpha 103(G10)His and beta 108(G10)Asn. The structural variation in the core segment was determined through analysis of tryptic peptides from digests of the alpha X and oxidized alpha X (with performic acid) chains, which were separated by HPLC. Similar analyses were made for the alpha X chain of the rare Hb Manitoba in which alpha 102(G9) Ser is replaced by Arg. This variant was observed for the first time in an Italian patient, and was also studied in a member of a previously described Canadian family.
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24
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Di Matteo O, Langellotti AL, Masullo P, Sansone G. Cryopreservation of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) spermatozoa. Cryobiology 2008; 58:145-50. [PMID: 19101533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of cryoprotectants, cooling rate and freezing on the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis sperm were evaluated. At the end of each step of the experimental protocol, motility and fertilization ability of sperm were analyzed, compared to fresh semen. Five cryoprotectants were tested in their toxicity level: dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene glycol, 1-2 propylene glycol at 5%, 7%, 10%, 15% and 20% concentration; glycerol and methanol at concentration of 5%, 7% and 10%. The incubation times were 10, 20 and 30 min at 20+/-1 degrees C. Only dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene glycol and 1-2 propylene glycol at 5%, 7% and 10% were chosen for the following pre-freezing step. Five adaptation/chilling rates were analyzed: 10 min at 20+/-1, -2, -1, -0.5 and -0.25 degrees C/min and the last one was used for testing the best freezing procedure among seven gradients. Particularly, two rapid rates, three slow rates and two double step rates were conducted. Thawing results showed that M. galloprovincialis sperm are very sensitive to rapid pre-freezing and freezing protocols and only a slow procedure assured good motility and fertilization percentages.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Di Matteo
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Laboratorio di Criobiologia, University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
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25
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Calegari F, Vozzi C, Gasilov S, Benedetti E, Sansone G, Nisoli M, De Silvestri S, Stagira S. Rotational Raman effects in the wake of optical filamentation. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:123006. [PMID: 18517863 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.123006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal effects generated in the wake of a laser filament propagating in nitrogen are investigated. At suitable time delays, a probe light pulse propagating along the wake experiences a strong spatial confinement and a noticeable spectral broadening at the same time. Numerical simulations, well reproducing the experimental findings, show the key role of the impulsive rotational Raman response in the observed phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Calegari
- National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science-CNR-INFM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, I-20133, Italy.
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26
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Vozzi C, Calegari F, Benedetti E, Gasilov S, Sansone G, Cerullo G, Nisoli M, De Silvestri S, Stagira S. Millijoule-level phase-stabilized few-optical-cycle infrared parametric source. Opt Lett 2007; 32:2957-2959. [PMID: 17938665 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.002957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultrabroadband self-phase-stabilized near-IR pulses have been generated by difference-frequency generation of a filament broadened supercontinuum followed by two-stage optical parametric amplification. Pulses with energy up to 1.2 mJ and duration down to 17 fs are demonstrated. These characteristics make such a source suited as a driver for high-order harmonic generation and isolated attosecond pulse production.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vozzi
- National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science, CNR-INFM, Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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27
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Calegari F, Valentini G, Vozzi C, Benedetti E, Cabanillas-Gonzalez J, Faenov A, Gasilov S, Pikuz T, Poletto L, Sansone G, Villoresi P, Nisoli M, De Silvestri S, Stagira S. Elemental sensitivity in soft x-ray imaging with a laser-plasma source and a color center detector. Opt Lett 2007; 32:2593-5. [PMID: 17767316 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.002593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Elemental sensitivity in soft x-ray imaging of thin foils with known thickness is observed using an ultrafast laser-plasma source and a LiF crystal as detector. Measurements are well reproduced by a simple theoretical model. This technique can be exploited for high spatial resolution, wide field of view imaging in the soft x-ray region, and it is suitable for the characterization of thin objects with thicknesses ranging from hundreds down to tens of nanometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Calegari
- National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science, CNR-INFM, Politecnico, Milan, Italy
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28
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Procino I, Velotta R, Altucci C, Amoruso S, Bruzzese R, Wang X, Tosa V, Sansone G, Vozzi C, Nisoli M. Hollow-fiber compression of visible, 200 fs laser pulses to 40 fs pulse duration. Opt Lett 2007; 32:1866-8. [PMID: 17603596 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.001866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of a very simple, compact, and versatile method, based on the hollow-fiber compression technique, to shorten the temporal length of visible laser pulses of 100-300 fs to pulse durations shorter than approximately 50 fs. In particular, 200 fs, frequency-doubled, Nd:glass laser pulses (527 nm) were spectrally broadened to final bandwidths as large as 25 nm by nonlinear propagation through an Ar-filled hollow fiber. A compact, dispersive, prism-pair compressor was then used to produce as short as 40 fs, 150 microJ pulses. A very satisfactory agreement between numerical simulations and measurements is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Procino
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversatario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia, Coherentia Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università Federico II di Napoli, via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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29
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Buttino I, Sansone G, Buono S, Malzone MG, Vitiello V, Rico C. Preliminary trials to rear the copepod Temora stylifera as food for fish larvae. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2007. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Buttino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - G. Sansone
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche. Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Italy
- CRIAcq. Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Italy
| | - S. Buono
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - M. G. Malzone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
- CRIAcq. Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Italy
| | - V. Vitiello
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
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30
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Sansone G, Benedetti E, Calegari F, Vozzi C, Avaldi L, Flammini R, Poletto L, Villoresi P, Altucci C, Velotta R, Stagira S, De Silvestri S, Nisoli M. Isolated Single-Cycle Attosecond Pulses. Science 2006; 314:443-6. [PMID: 17053142 DOI: 10.1126/science.1132838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We generated single-cycle isolated attosecond pulses around approximately 36 electron volts using phase-stabilized 5-femtosecond driving pulses with a modulated polarization state. Using a complete temporal characterization technique, we demonstrated the compression of the generated pulses for as low as 130 attoseconds, corresponding to less than 1.2 optical cycles. Numerical simulations of the generation process show that the carrier-envelope phase of the attosecond pulses is stable. The availability of single-cycle isolated attosecond pulses opens the way to a new regime in ultrafast physics, in which the strong-field electron dynamics in atoms and molecules is driven by the electric field of the attosecond pulses rather than by their intensity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sansone
- National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science-CNR-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Department of Physics, Politecnico, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Vozzi C, Cirmi G, Manzoni C, Benedetti E, Calegari F, Sansone G, Stagira S, Svelto O, De Silvestri S, Nisoli M, Cerullo G. High-energy, few-optical-cycle pulses at 1.5 microm with passive carrier-envelope phase stabilization. Opt Express 2006; 14:10109-10116. [PMID: 19529406 DOI: 10.1364/oe.14.010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on a source of ultrabroadband self-phase-stabilized near-IR pulses by difference-frequency generation of a hollow-fiber broadened supercontinuum followed by two-stage optical parametric amplification. We demonstrate energies up to 200 microJ with 15 fs pulse width, making this source suited as a driver for attosecond pulse generation.
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32
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Manzoni C, Vozzi C, Benedetti E, Sansone G, Stagira S, Svelto O, De Silvestri S, Nisoli M, Cerullo G. Generation of high-energy self-phase-stabilized pulses by difference-frequency generation followed by optical parametric amplification. Opt Lett 2006; 31:963-5. [PMID: 16602187 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We produce ultrabroadband self-phase-stabilized near-IR pulses by a novel approach where a seed pulse, obtained by difference-frequency generation of a hollow-fiber broadened supercontinuum, is amplified by a two-stage optical parametric amplifier. Energies up to 20 microJ with a pulse spectrum extending from 1.2 to 1.6 microm are demonstrated, and a route for substantial energy scaling is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Manzoni
- National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science-INFM, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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33
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Vozzi C, Calegari F, Benedetti E, Caumes JP, Sansone G, Stagira S, Nisoli M, Torres R, Heesel E, Kajumba N, Marangos JP, Altucci C, Velotta R. Controlling two-center interference in molecular high harmonic generation. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:153902. [PMID: 16241726 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.153902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally investigate the process of intramolecular quantum interference in high-order harmonic generation in impulsively aligned CO2 molecules. The recombination interference effect is clearly seen through the order dependence of the harmonic yield in an aligned sample. The experimental results can be well modeled assuming that the effective de Broglie wavelength of the returning electron wave is not significantly altered by the Coulomb field of the molecular ion. We demonstrate that such interference effects can be effectively controlled by changing the ellipticity of the driving laser field.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vozzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico, National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science-CNR-INFM, Milano, Italy
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34
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Sansone G, Benedetti E, Caumes JP, Stagira S, Vozzi C, Pascolini M, Poletto L, Villoresi P, De Silvestri S, Nisoli M. Measurement of harmonic phase differences by interference of attosecond light pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:193903. [PMID: 16090174 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.193903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
By using a self-referencing technique, we have experimentally measured the influence of the carrier-envelope phase of femtosecond light pulses on the phase of the electric field of the radiation produced by high-order harmonic generation. We show that, in particular experimental conditions, the temporal evolution of the electric field of the attosecond pulses, is directly controlled by the carrier-envelope phase of the driving pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sansone
- Dipartimento di Fisica, National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science-INFM, Politecnico, Milano, Italy
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35
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Ieropoli S, Masullo P, Santo MDE, Sansone G. Effects of extender composition, cooling rate and freezing on the fertilisation viability of spermatozoa of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Cryobiology 2004; 49:250-7. [PMID: 15615611 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2004.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2004] [Accepted: 08/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to optimise protocols for freezing spermatozoa of the Pacific oyster. All the phases of the cryopreservation procedure (choice of cryoprotectant, cooling, freezing, and thawing) were studied in relation to the species of spermatozoa to restore on thawing the morphological and physiological characteristics of fresh semen. The choice of type and concentration of cryoprotectant in which semen is incubated before freezing is fundamental for a successful cryopreservation: the cryoprotectants (dimethylsulfoxide--Me(2)SO, ethylene glycol--EG, propylene glycol-PG, and glycerol in concentrations between 5 and 15%) were tested for their toxicity on the semen exposed up to 30 min at +26 degrees C (room temperature) by evaluating its ability to fertilise and the embryo development to the regular D larval stage. The best cryoprotectants, Me(2)SO, EG, and PG 5, 10, and 15% respectively, were used for the pre-cooling (adaptation/cooling) tests. Two different adaptation/cooling procedures were tested: (A) from +26 degrees C to 0-2 degrees C (2.6 degrees C/min) and (B) at +26 degrees C for 15 min. Lastly, using the cryoprotectants and the adaptation procedure (B) that had given the best results in the preceding stages of the experiment, four cooling rates were tested: 6, 11, 16, and 21 degrees C/min. It was seen that the semen that was incubated with EG 10%, adapted at +26 degrees C for 15 min, and then cooled at a rate of 6 degrees C/min showed a percentage of regular D larvae on thawing comparable to that of fresh semen (p > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ieropoli
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia Generale ed Ambientale, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Napoli, Italy
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36
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Sansone G, Vozzi C, Stagira S, Pascolini M, Poletto L, Villoresi P, Tondello G, De Silvestri S, Nisoli M. Observation of carrier-envelope phase phenomena in the multi-optical-cycle regime. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:113904. [PMID: 15089138 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.113904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2003] [Revised: 11/24/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
So far the role of the carrier-envelope phase of a light pulse has been clearly experimentally evidenced only in the sub-6-fs temporal regime. Here we show, both experimentally and theoretically, the influence of the carrier-envelope phase of a multi-optical-cycle light pulse on high-order harmonic generation. For the first time, we demonstrate that the short and long electron quantum paths contributing to harmonic generation are influenced in a different way by the pulse carrier-envelope phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sansone
- National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science--INFM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico, Milano, Italy
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37
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Sansone G, Cirugeda A, Bajo MA, del Peso G, Sánchez Tomero JA, Alegre L, Hernández Y, Polanco N, Delgado Mallén P, Soares C, Hevia C, Selgas R. [Clinical practice protocol update in peritoneal dialysis-2004]. Nefrologia 2004; 24:410-45. [PMID: 15648901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Sansone
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa y Hospital Universitario La Paz, IRSIN-FRIAT
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38
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Nisoli M, Sansone G, Stagira S, De Silvestri S, Vozzi C, Pascolini M, Poletto L, Villoresi P, Tondello G. Effects of carrier-envelope phase differences of few-optical-cycle light pulses in single-shot high-order-harmonic spectra. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:213905. [PMID: 14683305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.213905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
For the first time single-shot harmonic spectra generated by few-optical-cycle pulses have been measured. Clear carrier-envelope phase effects have been observed in the cutoff harmonic spectral structure. Results have been interpreted in terms of the nonadiabatic single-atom response of the nonlinear medium excited by few-optical-cycle pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nisoli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico, Milano, Italy.
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39
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Grasbon F, Paulus GG, Walther H, Villoresi P, Sansone G, Stagira S, Nisoli M, De Silvestri S. Above-threshold ionization at the few-cycle limit. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:173003. [PMID: 14611341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.173003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectron spectra measured for rare-gas atoms ionized with intense few-cycle laser pulses are presented. Several aspects of the few-cycle regime are discussed. In particular, the persistence of the plateaulike structure of spectra for high electron energies is shown. In contrast, a resonancelike feature at similar electron energies is suppressed as compared with longer laser pulses. Differences in the behavior of different species and implications for the electron-ion scattering cross section are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Grasbon
- Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
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40
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Schenkel B, Biegert J, Keller U, Vozzi C, Nisoli M, Sansone G, Stagira S, De Silvestri S, Svelto O. Generation of 3.8-fs pulses from adaptive compression of a cascaded hollow fiber supercontinuum. Opt Lett 2003; 28:1987-9. [PMID: 14587798 DOI: 10.1364/ol.28.001987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate generation of 3.8-fs pulses with energies of up to 15 microJ from a supercontinuum produced in two cascaded hollow fibers. Ultrabroadband dispersion compensation was achieved through a closed-loop combination of a spatial light modulator for adaptive pulse compression and spectral-phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER) measurements as feedback signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schenkel
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Physics Department, Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Hönggerberg HPT, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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41
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Selgas R, Cirugeda A, Sansone G. [Fungal peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: the new approaches can become a hope]. Nefrologia 2003; 23:298-9. [PMID: 14558328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
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42
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Kornelis W, Biegert J, Tisch JWG, Nisoli M, Sansone G, Vozzi C, De Silvestri S, Keller U. Single-shot kilohertz characterization of ultrashort pulses by spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction. Opt Lett 2003; 28:281-283. [PMID: 12653371 DOI: 10.1364/ol.28.000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We describe a method of characterizing ultrashort optical pulses that is based on the technique of spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction and is capable of simultaneously measuring the amplitude and the phase of the electric field of a sub-10-fs pulse at kilohertz acquisition rates on a single-shot basis. Use of this technique results in a dramatic increase (>50x) in acquisition rate compared with that of existing diagnostics for full E-field characterization and opens the door to a range of new experiments in which shot-to-shot phase and amplitude fluctuations are studied at kilohertz rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kornelis
- Department of Physics, Institute of Quantum Electronics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, CH 8093, Switzerland.
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43
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Gadermaier C, Cerullo G, Sansone G, Leising G, Scherf U, Lanzani G. Time-resolved charge carrier generation from higher lying excited states in conjugated polymers. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:117402. [PMID: 12225167 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.117402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sub-ps three-pulse transient differential transmission spectroscopy using two excitation pulses is used to directly investigate the generation of charge carriers in ladder-type poly(para)phenyl in bulk film. The role of higher excited singlet states of both even and odd symmetry is examined and the dynamics of the major processes involved is described quantitatively. The charge generation efficiency is found to depend strongly on the delay between the two excitation pulses. This is explained by the interplay between internal conversion, excitation energy migration, and on-site vibronic relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gadermaier
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Nisoli M, Priori E, Sansone G, Stagira S, Cerullo G, De Silvestri S, Altucci C, Bruzzese R, de Lisio C, Villoresi P, Poletto L, Pascolini M, Tondello G. High-brightness high-order harmonic generation by truncated bessel beams in the sub-10-fs regime. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:033902. [PMID: 11801059 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.033902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Low-divergence, high-brightness harmonic emission has been generated by using a fundamental beam with a truncated Bessel intensity profile. Such a beam is directly obtained by using the hollow-fiber compression technique, which indeed allows one to optimize both temporal and spatial characteristics of the high-order harmonic generation process. This is particularly important for the applications of radiation, where extreme temporal resolution and high brightness are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nisoli
- Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Centro di Elettronica Quantistica e Strumentazione Elettronica-C.N.R., Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico, Milano, Italy.
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Abstract
Yeasts produce hydroxamate-type siderophores (iron-binding compounds) in response to Fe-stress conditions. Because these siderophores are important to the biocontrol of postharvest diseases of apple and pears, a method for screening siderophore producer yeast was developed. The screening method was carried out in special Petri dishes with eight or nine wells (25-mm diameter). These wells were filled with siderophore production medium and seeded with yeasts isolated from epiphytic apple microflora. After yeasts grew (24-48 h), holes (2-mm diameter) were made in the agar of each well. Holes were filled with an acid solution of ferric perchlorate. After 10-15 min, reddish halos appeared in the bottom of the plate and their intensities were compared with standards. Standards were prepared in the same special dish with rhodotorulic acid solutions (concentrations between 0.05 and 1 g/l) plus 2% agar. When agar solidified into wells, holes were made and filled with ferric perchlorate solution. Color intensities of reddish halos were proportional to siderophore concentration and the detection limit was 0.1 g/l. It was possible to correlate the production of siderophore in solid medium with the results obtained in liquid medium. The methodology was also a useful tool for making a preliminary assessment of the influence of different factors on the siderophore production.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Calvente
- Area de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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Calvente V, de Orellano ME, Sansone G, Benuzzi D, Sanz de Tosetti MI. Effect of nitrogen source and pH on siderophore production by Rhodotorula strains and their application to biocontrol of phytopathogenic moulds. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2001; 26:226-9. [PMID: 11464271 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jim.7000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2000] [Accepted: 01/28/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The production of rhodotorulic acid, a siderophore synthesized by Rhodotorula strains, was improved with the objective of achieving the biocontrol of phytopathogenic moulds. Rhodotorulic acid increased up to 60% in the presence of urea as a nitrogen source, pH near to 8 and a C:N ratio of 8:1. The siderophore-containing spent medium showed in vitro antifungal activity against important plant pathogens including Botrytis cinerea, which causes grey mould on a wide variety of host plants including numerous commercial crops. The antifungal activity was related to siderophore concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Calvente
- Area de Tecnología Química y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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Abstract
Characteristics of buffalo semen, diluents used for liquid storage, aspects involved in freezing and thawing of semen are reviewed, and fertility results after artificial insemination (AI) with frozen-thawed semen are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sansone
- Dept. of Fisiologia Generale ed Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134, Naples, Italy.
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48
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Fabbrocini A, Del Sorbo C, Fasano G, Sansone G. Effect of differential addition of glycerol and pyruvate to extender on cryopreservation of Mediterranean buffalo (B.bubalis) spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2000; 54:193-207. [PMID: 11003301 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(00)00341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The composition of the extender in which semen is diluted before freezing plays a major role in successful cryopreservation of spermatozoa. Substances of high osmolarity, like glycerol, protect sperm cells during the freezing process and energy-rich compounds, like pyruvate provide extra energy during capacitation and fertilization. Since cryopreservation procedures for Buffalo spermatozoa have not been adequately defined, the aim of the study was to improve the survival rate of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa after cryopreservation by optimizing the timing for adding glycerol and by enriching the cryoprotectant extender with an energy source substrate. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina from 5 bulls and the ejaculates were immediately evaluated for motility, forward progressive motility and for viability, pooled and held at room temperature (28 degrees C) for 1 h. Then aliquots of pooled semen were subjected to dilution and equilibration in triplicate as follows: Experiment 1. Glycerol (3%) in a commercial extender was added to the semen at 28 degrees C and cooled to 5 degrees C for 1 h; then extender with 11% glycerol was added before further equilibration (initial glycerol addition; IGA) and the samples held at 5 degrees C for 1, 3 or 5 additional hours (IGA 1, n = 24; IGA 3, n = 24; IGA 5, n = 24) before freezing. Experiment 2. Glycerol (3%) was added and the mixture brought to 5 degrees C as described above. Then extender with 11% glycerol was added (late glycerol addition; LGA) and after equilibration for 1, 3 and 5 h (LGA 1, n= 24; LGA 3, n = 24; LGA 5, n = 24) the samples were frozen. In Experiments 3 and 4 Na pyruvate (1.25 mM) was added to the extender as described for IGA and LGA above (IPA and LPA samples). The effect of addition time (initial vs late) of glycerol and pyruvate was evaluated by measuring sperm motility, progressively forward motility and viability. After freezing-thawing the percentage of motile spermatozoa was significantly higher (0.001<P<0.01) after a late addition of glycerol and pyruvate (LGA 5 and LPA 5). The optimizing of the timing of the glycerol addition and the presence in the extender of an energy source rendered a higher efficiency in thawed spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fabbrocini
- Department of General and Environmental Physiology University of Napoli Federico II, Italy
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Sabbatini M, Sansone G, Uccello F, De Nicola L, Nappi F, Andreucci VE. Acute effects of rapamycin on glomerular dynamics: a micropuncture study in the rat. Transplantation 2000; 69:1946-90. [PMID: 10830236 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200005150-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The acute effects of cyclosporin (CsA, 20 mg(kg i.v.) and rapamycin (RAPA, 5 mg(kg i.v.) on glomerular dynamics were separately investigated by renal micropuncture in two groups of intact rats (group CsA and RAPA, respectively) and compared with vehicle-treated rats, used as controls (group CON). Left kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was decreased by CSA (-35% vs. CON, P<0.05), but was not affected by RAPA (-14% vs. CON, NS), whereas the single-nephron GFR (SNGFR) was significantly decreased in both groups (-40% in CsA, P<0.01 and -26% in RAPA, P<0.05 vs. CON). In both groups glomerular plasma flow (GPF) was significantly reduced vs. CON (CsA: -48%, and RAPA: -25%) due to the increase in both afferent (Ra) and efferent (Re) glomerular resistances: group CSA showed a prevalent rise in Re (+98% vs. CON, P<0.001) than in Ra (+66%, P<0.001); in group RAPA the increment was modest and similar in Ra and Re (+33 and +32%, respectively, NS versus CON). A further group of rats was studied in which L-Arginine (ARG), the precursor of nitric oxide (NO), was administered (2.5 mg/Kg/min iv) with RAPA (group ARG). ARG limited the rise in Ra and Re, thereby preserving GPF; nevertheless, SNGFR remained low (-26% vs. CON, P<0.05) due to the decrease in the effective filtration pressure (-26% vs. CON). These data demonstrate that: (1) CsA is nephrotoxic at immunosuppressive doses; (2) RAPA, even at huge doses, has marginal effects on renal and glomerular dynamics; (3) the ARG-NO pathway is only partially involved in the vasoconstriction of superficial nephrons after RAPA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sabbatini
- Department of Nephrology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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50
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Abstract
The aim of this research was to optimize protocols for freezing spermatozoa of seabream (Sparus aurata). All the phases of the cryopreservation procedure (sampling, choosing the cryoprotective extender, cooling, freezing, and thawing) were studied in relation to the species of spermatozoa under examination, so as to be able to restore on thawing the morphological and physiological characteristics of fresh semen. Seabream spermatozoa were collected by stripping and transported to the laboratory chilled (0-2 degrees C). Five cryoprotectants, dimethyl sulfoxide (Me(2)SO), ethylene glycol (EG), 1,2-propylene glycol (PG), glycerol, and methanol, were tested at concentrations between 5 and 15% by volume to evaluate their effect on the motility of semen exposed for up to 30 min at 26 degrees C. The less toxic cryoprotectants, 10% EG, 10% PG, and 5% Me(2)SO, respectively, were added to 1% NaCl to formulate the extenders for freezing. The semen was diluted 1:6 with the extender, inserted into 0.25-ml plastic straws by Pasteur pipette, and frozen using a cooling rate of either 10 or 15 degrees C/min to -150 degrees C followed by transfer and storage in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C). The straws were thawed at 15 degrees C/s. On thawing, the best motility was obtained with 5% Me(2)SO, although both 10% PG and EG showed good results; no differences were found between the two freezing gradients, although semen frozen with the 10 degrees C/min gradient showed a slightly higher and more prolonged motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fabbrocini
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia Generale ed Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, 80134, Italy
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