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Razavi-Shearer D, Child H, Razavi-Shearer K, Voeller A, Razavi H, Buti M, Tacke F, Terrault N, Zeuzem S, Abbas Z, Aghemo A, Akarca U, Al Masri N, Alalwan A, Blomé MA, Jerkeman A, Aleman S, Kamal H, Alghamdi A, Alghamdi M, Alghamdi S, Al-Hamoudi W, Ali E, Aljumah A, Altraif I, Amarsanaa J, Asselah T, Baatarkhuu O, Babameto A, Ben-Ari Z, Berg T, Biondi M, Braga W, Brandão-Mello C, Brown R, Brunetto M, Cabezas J, Cardoso M, Martins A, Chan H, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Yang HI, Chen PJ, Chien CH, Chuang WL, Garza LC, Coco B, Coffin C, Coppola N, Cornberg M, Craxi A, Crespo J, Cuko L, De Ledinghen V, Duberg AS, Etzion O, Ferraz M, Ferreira P, Forns X, Foster G, Fung J, Gaeta G, García-Samaniego J, Genov J, Gheorghe L, Gholam P, Gish R, Glenn J, Hamid S, Hercun J, Hsu YC, Hu CC, Huang JF, Idilman R, Jafri W, Janjua N, Jelev D, Jia J, Kåberg M, Kaita K, Kao JH, Khan A, Kim D, Kondili L, Lagging M, Lampertico P, Lázaro P, Lazarus J, Lee MH, Yang HI, Lim YS, Lobato C, Macedo G, Marinho R, Marotta P, Mendes-Correa M, Méndez-Sánchez N, Navas MC, Ning Q, Örmeci N, Orrego M, Osiowy C, Pan C, Pessoa M, Piracha Z, Pop C, Qureshi H, Raimondo G, Ramji A, Ribeiro S, Ríos-Hincapié C, Rodríguez M, Rosenberg W, Roulot D, Ryder S, Saeed U, Safadi R, Shouval D, Sanai F, Sanchez-Avila J, Santantonio T, Sarrazin C, Seto WK, Seto WK, Simonova M, Tanaka J, Tergast T, Tsendsuren O, Valente C, Villalobos-Salcedo J, Waheed Y, Wong G, Wong V, Yip T, Wong V, Wu JC, Yang HI, Yu ML, Yuen MF, Yurdaydin C, Zuckerman E. Adjusted estimate of the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in 25 countries and territories. J Hepatol 2024; 80:232-242. [PMID: 38030035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a satellite RNA virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for assembly and propagation. Individuals infected with HDV progress to advanced liver disease faster than HBV-monoinfected individuals. Recent studies have estimated the global prevalence of anti-HDV antibodies among the HBV-infected population to be 5-15%. This study aimed to better understand HDV prevalence at the population level in 25 countries/territories. METHODS We conducted a literature review to determine the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals in 25 countries/territories. Virtual meetings were held with experts from each setting to discuss the findings and collect unpublished data. Data were weighted for patient segments and regional heterogeneity to estimate the prevalence in the HBV-infected population. The findings were then combined with The Polaris Observatory HBV data to estimate the anti-HDV and HDV RNA prevalence in each country/territory at the population level. RESULTS After adjusting for geographical distribution, disease stage and special populations, the anti-HDV prevalence among the HBsAg+ population changed from the literature estimate in 19 countries. The highest anti-HDV prevalence was 60.1% in Mongolia. Once adjusted for the size of the HBsAg+ population and HDV RNA positivity rate, China had the highest absolute number of HDV RNA+ cases. CONCLUSIONS We found substantially lower HDV prevalence than previously reported, as prior meta-analyses primarily focused on studies conducted in groups/regions that have a higher probability of HBV infection: tertiary care centers, specific risk groups or geographical regions. There is large uncertainty in HDV prevalence estimates. The implementation of reflex testing would improve estimates, while also allowing earlier linkage to care for HDV RNA+ individuals. The logistical and economic burden of reflex testing on the health system would be limited, as only HBsAg+ cases would be screened. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS There is a great deal of uncertainty surrounding the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus among people living with hepatitis B virus at the population level. In this study, we aimed to better understand the burden in 25 countries and territories, to refine techniques that can be used in future analyses. We found a lower prevalence in the majority of places studied than had been previously reported. These data can help inform policy makers on the need to screen people living with hepatitis B virus to find those coinfected with hepatitis delta virus and at high risk of progression, while also highlighting the pitfalls that other researchers have often fallen into.
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Iula R, De Novellis D, Trastulli F, Della Pepa R, Fontana R, Carobene A, Di Perna M, D’Ambrosio A, Romano M, Leone A, De Fazio L, Fiumarella A, Gaeta G, Marafioti V, Barbato S, Palmieri S, Rocco S, Serio B, Califano C, Pane F, Ferrara F, Giudice V, Selleri C, Catalano L. Efficacy and safety of belantamab-mafodotin in triple-refractory multiple myeloma patients: A multicentric real-life experience. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1026251. [PMID: 36457484 PMCID: PMC9705330 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1026251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Belantamab-mafodotin is an innovative and selective treatment for multi-refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) patients; however, available real-life experiences on efficacy and safety are limited. In this real-world multicentric retrospective study, we enrolled 28 MM patients treated in four Hematology units of Campania region, Italy, who received a median of six treatment lines prior to belantamab-mafodotin. The overall response rate (ORR) was 40% (complete remission, CR, 11%; very good partial remission, VGPR, 11%; and partial remission, PR, 18%), with a median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of 3 and 8 months, respectively. One of the most frequent drug-related adverse events was keratopathy observed in nine (32%) patients, leading to therapy discontinuation in only three (11%) of them. Moreover, 22 out of 28 total patients who were treated with at least two administrations achieved an ORR of 50% (CR, 14%; VGPR, 14%; and PR, 22%) with a median PFS and OS of 5 and 11 months, respectively. In conclusion, our multicentric study confirmed efficacy and safety of belantamab-mafodotin in triple-refractory MM patients even in the real-life setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Iula
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo De Novellis
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Fabio Trastulli
- Hematology and Transplant Program, AORN “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Della Pepa
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Fontana
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy
| | - Angela Carobene
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Di Perna
- Onco-Hematology Unit, “A. Tortora” Hospital, Pagani, Italy
| | - Alessandro D’Ambrosio
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Romano
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Leone
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura De Fazio
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Fiumarella
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gaeta
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Violetta Marafioti
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Serafina Barbato
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Palmieri
- Hematology and Transplant Program, AORN “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Rocco
- Hematology and Transplant Program, AORN “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Serio
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Pane
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Felicetto Ferrara
- Hematology and Transplant Program, AORN “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Giudice
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Lucio Catalano
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Fiorenza M, Cennamo M, La Civita E, Brusa S, Vallefuoco L, Sorrentino R, Gaeta G, Chiurazzi F, Grimaldi E, Galdiero M, Terracciano D, Portella G. Falsely positive HIV test due to Interference by heterophile antibodies in a patient with Mantle cell lymphoma treated with Rituximab. Current Problems in Cancer: Case Reports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpccr.2022.100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Cavoretto PI, Farina A, Gaeta G, Seidenari A, Pozzoni M, Spinillo S, Morano D, Alteri A, Viganò P, Candiani M. Greater estimated fetal weight and birth weight in IVF/ICSI pregnancy after frozen-thawed vs fresh blastocyst transfer: prospective cohort study with novel unified modeling methodology. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2022; 60:76-85. [PMID: 34716733 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare, using a unified approach, standardized estimated fetal weight (EFW) trajectories from the second trimester to birth and birth-weight (BW) measurements in in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) pregnancies obtained after frozen-thawed vs fresh blastocyst transfer (BT). METHODS This was a secondary analysis of a prospective longitudinal cohort study performed at the Fetal Medicine and Obstetric Departments of San Raffaele Hospital in Milan, Italy, from January 2016 to December 2020. Eligible for inclusion were singleton viable gestations conceived by autologous IVF/ICSI conception after fresh or frozen-thawed BT that underwent standard fetal biometry assessment at 19-41 weeks and had BW measurements available. All ultrasound assessments were performed by operators blinded to the employment of cryopreservation. Patients with twin gestation, significant pregestational disease, miscarriage, major fetal abnormalities and use of other types of medically assisted reproduction techniques were excluded. EFW and BW Z-scores and their trajectories were analyzed using general linear models (GLM) and logistic regression with a unified modeling methodology based on the Fetal Medicine Foundation fetal and neonatal population weight charts, adjusting for major confounders. Differences between prenatal EFW and postnatal BW centiles in the two groups were assessed and compared using contingency tables, χ2 test and conversion of prenatal to postnatal centiles. RESULTS A total of 631 IVF/ICSI pregnancies were considered, comprising 263 conceived following fresh BT and 368 after frozen-thawed BT. A total of 1795 EFW observations were available (n = 715 in fresh BT group and n = 1080 in frozen-thawed BT group; median of three observations per patient). EFW and BW < 10th centile were significantly more frequent in the fresh than in the frozen-thawed BT group (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). EFW and BW > 90th centile were significantly more frequent in the frozen-thawed vs fresh BT group (P = 0.034 and P = 0.002, respectively). GLM showed significantly decreasing EFW Z-scores with advancing gestational age (GA) in both groups. The effect of GA was assumed to be equal in the two study groups, as no significant interaction effect was found. Smoothed mean EFW Z-scores from 19 weeks of gestation to term and smoothed mean BW Z-scores were both significantly higher in the frozen-thawed compared with the fresh BT group (EFW Z-score, 0.70 ± 1.29 vs 0.28 ± 1.43; P < 0.001; BW Z-score, 0.04 ± 1.08 vs -0.31 ± 1.28; P < 0.001). Mean smoothed EFW Z-score values in the frozen-thawed vs fresh BT groups were 1.01 ± 0.12 vs 0.60 ± 0.08 at 19-27 weeks, 0.36 ± 0.07 vs -0.06 ± 0.04 at 28-35 weeks and -0.66 ± 0.01 vs -0.88 ± 0.02 at 36-41 weeks. Mean smoothed BW Z-score values in the frozen-thawed vs fresh BT groups were -0.80 ± 0.14 vs -1.20 ± 0.10 at 28-35 weeks and 0.22 ± 0.16 vs -0.24 ± 0.14 at 36-41 weeks. Assessment of EFW and BW concordance showed a significantly greater rate of postnatal confirmation of prenatally predicted small-for-gestational age (SGA) < 10th centile in the fresh compared with the frozen-thawed BT group (P < 0.001), whereas the rate of postnatal confirmation of large-for-gestational age (LGA) > 90th centile was significantly higher in the frozen-thawed vs the fresh BT group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the smoothed rate of EFW < 3rd centile was about 6-fold higher in the fresh vs frozen-thawed BT group (P < 0.001), whereas the smoothed rates of EFW 90th -97th centile and > 97th centile were nearly double in the frozen-thawed compared with the fresh BT group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Robust novel unified prenatal-postnatal modeling in IVF/ICSI pregnancies after frozen-thawed or fresh BT from 19 weeks of gestation to birth showed non-divergent growth trajectories, with higher EFW and BW Z-scores in the frozen-thawed vs fresh BT group. The mean EFW Z-scores in both IVF/ICSI groups were greater than those expected for natural conceptions, being highest in the midtrimester and decreasing with advancing gestation in both groups, becoming negative after 32 weeks in the fresh and after 35 weeks in the frozen-thawed BT group. Mean BW Z-scores were negative in both groups, with lower values in preterm fetuses, and increased with advancing gestation, becoming positive at term in the frozen-thawed BT group. IVF/ICSI conceptions from frozen-thawed as compared to fresh BT presented increased rate of LGA and reduced rate of SGA both prenatally and postnatally. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Cavoretto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Farina
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - G Gaeta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Seidenari
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - M Pozzoni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - S Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - D Morano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sant'Anna University Hospital, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Alteri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - P Viganò
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Candiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
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Gaeta G. Social distancing versus early detection and contacts tracing in epidemic management. Chaos Solitons Fractals 2020; 140:110074. [PMID: 32834628 PMCID: PMC7365132 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Different countries - and sometimes different regions within the same countries - have adopted different strategies in trying to contain the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic; these mix in variable parts social confinement, early detection and contact tracing. In this paper we discuss the different effects of these ingredients on the epidemic dynamics; the discussion is conducted with the help of two simple models, i.e. the classical SIR model and the recently introduced variant A-SIR (arXiv:2003.08720) which takes into account the presence of a large set of asymptomatic infectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Milano via Saldini 50, Milano 20133, Italy
- SMRI, Santa Marinella 00058, Italy
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Cadoni M, Gaeta G. Size and timescale of epidemics in the SIR framework. Physica D 2020; 411:132626. [PMID: 32834247 PMCID: PMC7305940 DOI: 10.1016/j.physd.2020.132626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The most important features to assess the severity of an epidemic are its size and its timescale. We discuss these features in a systematic way in the context of SIR and SIR-type models. We investigate in detail how the size and timescale of the epidemic can be changed by acting on the parameters characterizing the model. Using these results and having as guideline the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy, we compare the efficiency of different containment strategies for contrasting an epidemic diffusion such as social distancing, lockdown, tracing, early detection and isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Cadoni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy
- SMRI, 00058 Santa Marinella, Italy
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Cavoretto PI, Farina A, Gaeta G, Sigismondi C, Spinillo S, Casiero D, Pozzoni M, Vigano P, Papaleo E, Candiani M. Uterine artery Doppler in singleton pregnancies conceived after in-vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection with fresh vs frozen blastocyst transfer: longitudinal cohort study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020; 56:603-610. [PMID: 31909549 DOI: 10.1002/uog.21969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pregnancies conceived by frozen blastocyst transfer (FBT) have higher gestational age and weight at birth as compared to those derived by fresh blastocyst transfer. The aim of this study was to evaluate uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) in pregnancies conceived by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) techniques using fresh vs cryopreserved blastocysts. METHODS This was a prospective longitudinal study of viable singleton IVF/ICSI pregnancies conceived after FBT or fresh blastocyst transfer, that underwent serial ultrasound assessment at San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy at 7-37 gestational weeks. We excluded pregnancies conceived using other assisted reproductive techniques such as egg donation, twin gestation, pregnancy with abnormality and those resulting in miscarriage. Pregnant women underwent ultrasound assessment at 7-10, 11-14, 18-25 and 26-37 weeks' gestation. Mean UtA-PI was measured using Doppler ultrasound according to The Fetal Medicine Foundation criteria. Pregnancy outcomes were recorded. The primary outcome was mean UtA-PI measurement and secondary outcomes were gestational age at birth, birth weight and fetal and maternal complications, including small-for-gestational age (SGA), pre-eclampsia and large-for-gestational age. UtA-PI values were made Gaussian after log10 transformation. Analysis of repeated measures using a multilevel linear mixed model (fixed effects and random effects) was performed. The possible effect of other covariates on UtA-PI Doppler values, including body mass index, SGA and pre-eclampsia, was also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 367 IVF/ICSI cycles, comprising 164 with fresh blastocyst transfer and 203 with FBT, were included and a total of 625 observations (median, 2.5 (range, 1-4)) were collected and analyzed. The FBT group had on average 14% lower UtA-PI compared with the fresh-blastocyst-transfer group. In pregnancies with SGA fetuses, UtA-PI was 18% higher compared to pregnancies without, irrespective of the study group. Pregnancies that underwent fresh blastocyst transfer had significantly lower birth-weight centile (43.4 ± 23.3 vs 50.0 ± 23.1; P = 0.007) and a higher rate of SGA (7.9% vs 2.0%; P = 0.008) compared to those that underwent FBT. No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to gestational age at birth and rates of preterm birth, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and large-for-gestational age. CONCLUSION UtA-PI and the proportion of SGA are lower in IVF/ICSI pregnancies conceived after FBT as compared to fresh blastocyst transfer. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Cavoretto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Farina
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Gaeta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Sigismondi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - S Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - D Casiero
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Pozzoni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - P Vigano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - E Papaleo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Candiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
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Mignot C, Gounot D, Chambaron S, Gaeta G, Kontaris I, Marlier L. Traitement cérébral des odeurs subliminales : une étude en IRM fonctionnelle. NUTR CLIN METAB 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2019.01.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Octupolar order in three space dimensions is described by a real-valued, fully symmetric and traceless, third-rank tensor A. The real generalized eigenvalues of A are also the critical values of a real-valued potential [Formula: see text] defined on the unit sphere [Formula: see text] by A. Generalized eigenvalues of A and critical points of [Formula: see text] are equivalent means to describe octupolar order in a molecular assembly according to Buckingham's formula for the probability density distribution. Intuition suggests that [Formula: see text] would generically have four maxima, corresponding to the most probable molecular orientations, so that a (possibly distorted) tetrahedron would effectively describe A. This paper shows that another generic octupolar state flanks the expected one, featuring three maxima of [Formula: see text]. The two generic states are divided by a separatrix manifold, which may physically represent an intra-octupolar transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Saldini 50, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Epifanio G Virga
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Pavia, via Ferrata 5, I-27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Gaeta G, Susac A, Supek S, Babiloni F, Vecchiato G. Analysis of EEG variables to measure the affective dimensions of arousal and valence related to the vision of emotional pictures. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2015:2518-21. [PMID: 26736804 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The present work aims to investigate the electroencephalographic (EEG) activity elicited by the observation of emotional pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) database. We analyzed the evoked activity within time intervals of increasing duration taking into account the related ratings of Valence and Arousal. The scalp statistical maps of Power Spectral Density (PSD), related to pictures with high valence, revealed an enhanced activity across frontal areas in the theta band and the involvement of fronto-parietal circuits in the alpha band. Difference in the processing of low and high arousing pictures, however, seems to be highly dependent on the valence dimension: for low valenced pictures, the difference in arousal was processed immediately after the observation of the picture, while for the high-valenced ones the processing took part in the second part of the observation. These results appear to be congruent with the literature, while the novelty of the current study is represented by the comparison of the activity elicited in different time windows by both the Arousal and Valence dimensions. It is possible, in this way, to observe how the processing of one variable influences the other, creating a dynamic description of the Valence-Arousal space.
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Colombo G, Cammà C, Attili A, Ganga R, Gaeta G, Cortesi E, Turchetti G, Franzini J, Volpe M. Intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma management in four Italian centers: patterns of treatment and costs. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv344.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Abstract
It has been suggested by several authors that nonlinear excitations, in particular solitary waves, could play a fundamental functional role in the process of DNA transcription, effecting the opening of the double chain needed for RNA Polymerase to be able to copy the genetic code. Some models have been proposed to model the relevant DNA dynamics in terms of a reduced number of effective degrees of freedom. Here I discuss advantages and disadvantages of such an approach, and discuss in more detail one of the models, i.e. the one proposed by Yakushevich.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma, 00185 Roma (, Italy
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Barra S, Gaeta G, Cuomo V, Guarini P, Cuomo S, Capozzi G, Tudisca G, Madrid A, Trevisan M. Parental history of premature myocardial infarction is a stronger predictor of increased carotid intima-media thickness than parental history of hypertension. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011; 21:391-397. [PMID: 20163940 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is detectable in young subjects with parental history of premature myocardial infarction (PHPMI) or hypertension (PHH). In this study we evaluated if PHPMI and PHH exert a different influence on carotid IMT and if their conjunction produces additive effects. High-resolution B-mode ultrasonographic evaluation of common carotid artery IMT was acquired from 48 subjects without PHPMI and PHH (22 males, 26 females; mean age 22.1±4.9 years; controls), 24 age- (±1 year) and sex-matched subjects with PHH without PHPMI (PHH-positive/PHPMI-negative subjects), 24 age- and sex-matched subjects with PHPMI without PHH (PHH-negative/PHPMI-positive subjects) and 24 age- and sex-matched subjects with both PHPMI and PHH (PHH/PHPMI-positive subjects). Lipid profile, resting blood pressure, smoking behaviour and body mass index (BMI) were also assessed. Carotid IMT was smaller in controls (0.41±0.07mm) compared to PHH-positive/PHPMI-negative subjects (0.47±0.10, p=0.023), to PHH-negative/PHPMI-positive subjects (0.54±0.11, p<0.001) and to PHH/PHPMI-positive subjects (0.52±0.10mm, p<0.001). Carotid IMT was greater in PHH-negative/PHPMI-positive (p=0.006) and in PHH/PHPMI-positive (p=0.031) than in PHH-positive/PHPMI-negative subjects. No difference in carotid IMT was evident between PHH-negative/PHPMI-positive and PHH/PHPMI-positive subjects (p=0.549). In the comparison among subjects using multiple regression analysis, only PHPMI, age and BMI were independently associated with carotid IMT. In healthy young subjects with PHPMI and/or PHH, carotid IMT is increased. PHPMI is a stronger predictor of increased carotid IMT than PHH. PHH in conjunction with PHPMI does not add any further detrimental effect on carotid IMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barra
- Cardiology Unit, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
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14
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Barra S, Scala S, Cuomo V, Guarini P, Colaizzo D, Margaglione M, Materazzi C, Vitagliano G, Gaeta G, Faiella A. Subclinical atherosclerosis and genetic risk markers in healthy offspring of patients with premature myocardial infarction. Minerva Cardioangiol 2011; 59:127-134. [PMID: 21368732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM Healthy young subjects with parental history of premature myocardial infarction (PHPMI) might constitute a privileged population for the study of genetic risk markers (GRM) for atherosclerosis. Aim of this study was to evaluate which, if any, GRM atherosclerosis-associated in previous studies has increased prevalence in a selected population. METHODS Twenty-four healthy young subjects (12 males and 12 females; mean age 18.0±8.0 years) with PHPMI and 24 age- (±1 year), sex-matched healthy subjects without PHPMI were enrolled in the study. They underwent: 1) fasting measurement of lipid profile, resting blood pressure and body mass index; 2) high resolution B-mode ultrasonographic evaluation of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT); 3) evaluation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) for six candidate genes associated with preclinical atherosclerosis. RESULTS Compared to controls, subjects with PHPMI had increased IMT of common carotid arteries (mean of combined sites: 0.535±0.171 mm versus 0.432± 0.133 mm in controls, P=0.017). Offspring of coronary patients showed an increased prevalence of the unfavourable chemochine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) SNP risk genotype (P=0.047). CONCLUSION In healthy young subjects with PHPMI there is an increased prevalence of the unfavorable CXCL12 SNP risk genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barra
- Cardiology Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
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15
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) is characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis, pregnancy loss, often recurrent, in the presence and persistence on antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). The issue of early atherosclerosis, as evaluated by measuring carotid intima media thickness (IMT), associated with aPL, has been limitedly explored in PAPS. METHODS In an age- and sex-matched case-double-control study, intima media thickeness of carotid arteries was measured using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound in 49 thrombotic PAPS patients (18 M, 31 F, mean age 37+/-11), in 49 patients who suffered thrombosis for inherited thrombophilia and 49 healthy subjects. RESULTS Average carotid IMT was always greater in PAPS than control patients (common carotid P=0.004, bifurcation P=0.013, internal carotid P=0.001). By dividing participants into age tertiles most of the difference was explained by greater IMT of PAPS patients in the second (common carotid P=0.003, bifurcation P=0.023, internal carotid P=0.003) and third tertiles (common carotid P=0.03, bifurcation P=0.004, internal carotid P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Premature atherosclerosis is a clinical feature of our thrombotic PAPS patients.
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Barra S, Gaeta G, Cuomo S, Guarini P, Foglia MC, Capozzi G, Materazzi C, Trevisan M. Early increase of carotid intima-media thickness in children with parental history of premature myocardial infarction. Heart 2008; 95:642-5. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2008.142836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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17
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Gaeta G, Venier L. Solitary waves in twist-opening models of DNA dynamics. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 78:011901. [PMID: 18763976 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.011901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We analyze traveling solitary wave solutions in the Barbi-Cocco-Peyrard twist-opening model of nonlinear DNA dynamics. We identify conditions, involving an interplay of physical parameters and asymptotic behavior, for such solutions to exist, and provide first-order ordinary differential equations whose solutions give the required solitary waves; these are not solvable in analytical terms, but are easily integrated numerically. The conditions for existence of solitary waves are not satisfied for trivial asymptotic behavior and physical values of the parameters, i.e., the Barbi-Cocco-Peyrard model admits only solitary wave solutions that entail a global modification of the molecule; this is compared with the situation met in another recently formulated class of DNA models with two degrees of freedom per site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Milano, via Saldini 50, Milano, Italy.
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Destrade M, Gaeta G, Saccomandi G. Weierstrass's criterion and compact solitary waves. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 75:047601. [PMID: 17501022 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.047601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Weierstrass's theory is a standard qualitative tool for single degree of freedom equations, used in classical mechanics and in many textbooks. In this Brief Report we show how a simple generalization of this tool makes it possible to identify some differential equations for which compact and even semicompact traveling solitary waves exist. In the framework of continuum mechanics, these differential equations correspond to bulk shear waves for a special class of constitutive laws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Destrade
- Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, UMR 7190, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Case 162, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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19
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Abstract
DNA torsion dynamics is essential in the transcription process; a simple model for it, in reasonable agreement with experimental observations, has been proposed by Yakushevich (Y) and developed by several authors; in this, the nucleotides (the DNA subunits made of a sugar-phosphate group and the attached nitrogen base) are described by a single degree of freedom. In this paper we propose and investigate, both analytically and numerically, a "composite" version of the Y model, in which the sugar-phosphate group and the base are described by separate degrees of freedom. The model proposed here contains as a particular case the Y model and shares with it many features and results, but represents an improvement from both the conceptual and the phenomenological point of view. It provides a more realistic description of DNA and possibly a justification for the use of models which consider the DNA chain as uniform. It shows that the existence of solitons is a generic feature of the underlying nonlinear dynamics and is to a large extent independent of the detailed modeling of DNA. The model we consider supports solitonic solutions, qualitatively and quantitatively very similar to the Y solitons, in a fully realistic range of all the physical parameters characterizing the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Cadoni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Cagliari and INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
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20
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Gaeta G. Solitons in the Yakushevich model of DNA beyond the contact approximation. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 74:021921. [PMID: 17025486 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.74.021921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Yakushevich model of DNA torsion dynamics supports soliton solutions, which are supposed to be of special interest for DNA transcription. In the discussion of the model, one usually adopts the approximation l0 --> 0, where l0 is a parameter related to the equilibrium distance between bases in a Watson-Crick pair. Here we analyze the Yakushevich model without l0 --> 0. The model still supports soliton solutions indexed by two winding numbers (n,m); we discuss in detail the fundamental solitons, corresponding to winding numbers (1,0) and (0,1) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Milano, via Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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21
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Cuomo S, Guarini P, Gaeta G, De Michele M, Boeri F, Dorn J, Bond M, Trevisan M. Increased carotid intima-media thickness in children-adolescents, and young adults with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2002; 23:1345-50. [PMID: 12191745 DOI: 10.1053/euhj.2001.3111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The present study was designed to test whether early carotid structural changes are demonstrable (by high resolution B-mode ultrasound) in children, adolescents and young adults with a history of premature parental myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and fourteen healthy young (5 to 30 years) subjects with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction and 114 age- and sex-matched control subjects were enrolled in the study. They were divided into two age groups: children and adolescents (age 5 to 18 years) (54 individuals with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction and their control subjects; mean age 12.8+/-3.8 years) and young adults (age 19 to 30 years) (60 individuals with a parental history and their controls; mean age 23.8+/-3.3 years). All subjects underwent high resolution B-mode ultrasonographic evaluation of common carotid artery intima-media thickness. Lipid profile, resting blood pressure, body mass index and smoking status were also evaluated. In both age groups, compared to controls, subjects with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction had increased intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries (mean of combined sites: age 5-18 years: 0.45+/-0.076 mm vs 0.40+/-0.066 mm in controls, P=0.008; age 19-30 years: 0.48+/-0.077 mm vs 0.45+/-0.078 mm in controls,P =0.007) Offspring of coronary patients showed an unfavourable lipid profile, however, the association between a parental history of premature myocardial infarction and carotid intima-media thickness was independent of lipids, apolipoproteins and other traditional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Vascular structural changes associated with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction are already detectable in childhood and adolescence and occur independently of several traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cuomo
- Cardiology Division, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
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22
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De Michele M, Guarini P, Gaeta G, Cuomo S. [Media-intima thickness: what is it? how is it measured? what is its clinical significance? what are the pending problems?]. Ital Heart J Suppl 2001; 2:1074-7. [PMID: 11723609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
During the past 20 years, several hundred peer-reviewed publications have documented the critical scientific steps in the determination of the usefulness of B-mode ultrasound measurements of the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) for the detection and monitoring of artery wall atherosclerotic disease. Since the initial validation study of the IMT, carotid ultrasound IMT measurements have been performed in a large number of individuals with "traditional" and "non traditional" cardiovascular risk factors, have been shown to correlate with the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in other vascular territories, and have been used as outcome measures in clinical trials evaluating the various effects of treatment on the progression/regression of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, in longitudinal studies, carotid IMT has been shown to be an independent predictor of stroke and coronary events. However, before this powerful indicator of arterial wall atherosclerotic disease can be used in clinical settings as a routine test for the prediction of an individual's cardiovascular risk, some unresolved issues need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M De Michele
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli.
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23
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Gaeta G, Barra D. [Structural arterial abnormalities in the offspring of subjects with premature myocardial infarction]. Recenti Prog Med 2001; 92:136-9. [PMID: 11294107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The offspring of patients with premature myocardial infarction are at increased risk for atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae. High resolution B-mode ultrasonography is considered a reliable method for measuring intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries, a valuable marker of early atherosclerosis. Few recently published studies have evaluated the relationship between familial history of coronary artery disease and carotid intima-media thickness showing that anatomical arterial changes are detectable in subjects with such a history, independently from other well established coronary artery disease risk factors. These findings suggest that carotid intima-media thickness measurement, added to evaluation of classical coronary risk factors, may be useful to better identify high risk subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Unità Operativa di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione Antonio Cardarelli, Napoli.
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24
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings from epidemiologic and autopsy studies suggest that the offspring of patients with premature coronary disease may be at increased risk for atherosclerosis. We undertook a study to determine whether changes in brachial-artery reactivity and thickness of the carotid intima and media, two markers of early atherosclerosis, are present in adolescents and young adults with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction. METHODS We enrolled 40 healthy young people whose parents had had premature myocardial infarction (48 percent male; mean [+/-SD] age, 19.0+/-5.2 years) and 40 control subjects who were matched with the first group according to age and sex. All the subjects underwent high-resolution B-mode ultrasound examinations for the measurement of the brachial-artery vasodilatory response after arterial occlusion (i.e., reactive hyperemia) and the intima-media thickness of the distal common carotid arteries. Lipid profiles, blood pressure while at rest, body-mass index, and smoking status were also determined. RESULTS As compared with the control subjects, the offspring of patients with premature myocardial infarction had lower flow-mediated reactivity of the brachial arteries (5.7+/-5.0 percent, vs. 10.2+/-6.6 percent in the control subjects; P=0.001) and greater mean intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (0.49+/-0.08 mm, vs. 0.44+/-0.07 mm in the control subjects, P=0.004). In the subjects with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction, an inverse association was found between brachial-artery reactivity and carotid intima-media thickness (r=-0.46, P=0.003). In a conditional logistic-regression analysis, both brachial-artery reactivity and carotid intima-media thickness were significantly and independently correlated with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS Structural and functional changes are present at an early age in the arteries of persons with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Division of Cardiology, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
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25
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27
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Gaeta G, Lupoli S, Brancaccio V, Effuso L, Russo V, Boccalatte A. [Anticardiolipin antibodies and early infarct of the myocardium]. Cardiologia 1998; 43:731-5. [PMID: 9738331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of aCL in young patients (age < or = 45 years) with AMI; record the aCL titre during different days of disease; assess the relationship between aCL titres and in-hospital myocardial infarction complications. The aCL were measured in 108 consecutive patients and in 31 controls (ELISA method). High aCL levels (IgG or IgM) were found in 19/108 (17.6%) patients and 5/31 (16.1%) controls (NS); aCL titres were similar in different days after AMI and did not differ in controls and in patients with or without early myocardial infarction complications. In conclusion, the aCL levels are not elevated in AMI patients, do not change during the early stage of the disease and are not associated with in-hospital complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Antonio Cardarelli, Napoli
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28
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Gaeta G, Del Castello E, Cuomo S, Effuso L, Pirera M, Boccalatte A. [Personal, familial and environmental factors influencing the inclination of smoking in adolescents: differences between sexes and between city and small-town dwellers]. Cardiologia 1998; 43:417-26. [PMID: 9659800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a major health hazard. Most cigarette smokers start by the age of 18 years. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of the intention to smoke among the students of a metropolitan compared to a non-metropolitan high school. The influence of age, sex, demographic and socio-economic variables, and the role of smoking models of family members and friends, were examined. Nine hundred forty-five students (529 males and 416 females; mean age 15.8 +/- 1.5 years) attending a high school in Naples and 442 students (223 males and 219 females; mean age 16.1 +/- 1.6 years) in Capua, a small town 40 Km distant from Naples, filled in an extensive questionnaire on smoking. The prevalence of intention to smoke was 10.4% in Naples and 9.3% in Capua. It was related to age (p < 0.01) in Naples, but not in Capua. The prevalence of smokers was 24.2% in Naples (males 21.6%, females 27.6%; p = 0.038) and 24.1% in Capua (males 29.2%, females 19%; p = 0.017). As expected, in both cities intention to smoke was associated (p < 0.001) with the strength of existing smoking habit. Students smoking over 21 cigarettes/week were more likely to continue than students smoking less 21 cigarettes/week, both in Naples and in Capua. More than half of smoking students, in both cities, were irresolute about their habit in the subsequent year. In Naples, intention to smoke of male students was associated with mother's (p = 0.02) and siblings' (p < 0.0001) smoking habit; in female students intention to smoke was associated with father's (p = 0.02), mother's (p < 0.001), parents' (p < 0.01) and siblings' smoking habit (p = 0.0002). In Capua an association was evident, in male students, between intention to smoke and paternal smoking habit (p = 0.04); in female students, intention to smoke was associated with siblings' smoking habit (p = 0.03). In Naples and in Capua, for both sexes, intention to smoke was related to smoking habits of the best friend of the same sex (p < 0.0005), the best friend of the opposite sex (p < 0.00005) and friends (p < 0.00001). Multivariate analysis showed, in Naples, an independent relation between adolescent intention to smoke and age (p = 0.01), smoking status of student (p < 0.0001) and friends' smoking habit (p = 0.01). In male students intention to smoke was associated with age (p = 0.003), smoking habit of student (p < 0.0001), mother's (p = 0.02) and friends' (p = 0.02), whereas in females it was associated with smoking behavior of student (p < 0.0001). In Capua student intention to smoke was related to the smoking status of the student (p < 0.0001) and of the best friend of the opposite sex (p < 0.04); in male as in female students, intention to smoke was associated with smoking habit of the student (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, prevalence of adolescents' intention to smoke is similar in two distinct populations of high school students of a city and a small town. Smoking is at higher prevalence among females in the city and among males in the small town. Intention to smoke increases with age, in the great city, and is related to student's existing habit and peer models. More than half of smoking students, in both cities, were irresolute about their habit in the subsequent year. This study has identified some variables associated with adolescents' intention to smoke; we feel that these findings may contribute to a better understanding of smoking behavior among adolescents and may have preventive implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A Cardarelli, Napoli
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29
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Gaeta G, Del Castello E, Cuomo S, Effuso L, Boccalatte A. [Family and friends who smoke: influence on adolescents]. G Ital Cardiol 1998; 28:259-66. [PMID: 9561880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death. Most cigarette smokers take up the habit during adolescence. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking behavior among the students of a metropolitan high school as compared to those attending a non-metropolitan high school, examining age, sex and demographic and socioeconomic differences, as well as the influence of smoking models (family members and friends) on smoking behavior among adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine hundred seventy-eight students (544 males, 434 females; mean age 15.8 +/- 1.5 years) attending a high school in the city of Naples and 467 students (235 males, 232 females; mean age 16 +/- 1.5 years) from a high school of Capua, a small town 40 kilometers away from Naples, filled out an extensive questionnaire on smoking. The prevalence of smokers was 24.2% (males 21.8%, females 28.2%; p = 0.02) in Naples and 23.8% in Capua (males 29.8%, females 19.2%; p < 0.001) and was related to age (p < 0.001) both in Naples and in Capua. In Naples, smoking behavior among male students was associated with smoking by sibling (p = 0.00005), whereas an association with father (p = 0.0003), mother (p = 0.00005), parental (p = 0.0002) and sibling (p = 0.00002) smoking was observed among females. In Capua, an association was evident only between smoking in female students and sibling smoking habits (p = 0.02). In both Naples and Capua, smoking status of the students was related to smoking habits of best friends of the same sex, best friends of the opposite sex and friends. Multivariate analysis showed an independent relationship in Naples between adolescent smoking behavior and smoking status of siblings (p = 0.01), best friends of the same sex (p < 0.001) and best friends of the opposite sex (p < 0.001). In males, smoking behavior was associated with the smoking behavior of best friends of the same (p < 0.001) and of the opposite sex (p = 0.01), whereas in females, it was linked with the smoking behavior of siblings (p = 0.05), mother (p < 0.05) and best friends of the same sex (p < 0.001). In Capua, student smoking was related to smoking among friends (p < 0.001) and this held true for both males (p = 0.05) and females (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of smoking habits among teenagers is similar in two distinct populations of high school students from a city and from a small town. Smoking showed a higher prevalence among females in the city and among males in the small town. It increases with age and is related to peer and family smoking models. This study has identified several variables associated with smoking status among adolescents. We thus feel that these findings may contribute to a better understanding of smoking behavior among teenagers and may have prevention implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli, Napoli
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30
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Biani D, Malandra L, Gaeta G, Rizzo L. [A case of atypical Kawasaki disease]. Pediatr Med Chir 1998; 20:155-6. [PMID: 9706642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Authors describe the case of a 9 years old boy in whom the diagnosis of atypical Kawasaki disease was made. There was a rapid response to the treatment with i.v.I.G. The differences between the typical Kawasaki disease and the observed case are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Biani
- U.O. di Pediatria, Ospedale di Portoferraio, Italia
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31
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Gaeta G, Biani D, Malandra L, Rizzo L, Mazzeo P. [Acute idiopathic interstitial nephritis: report of a case]. Pediatr Med Chir 1998; 20:157-8. [PMID: 9706643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Authors report the case of a 9 years old girl with acute intestitial nephritis. The clinical picture was characterized by the association of nonspecific systemic symptoms, poliuria, acute renal failure with signs of tubular disfunctions. There was no evident inciting agent of the disease. The patient experienced rapid improvement of both symptoms and laboratory parameters with normalization of the renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- U.O. di Pediatria, Ospedale di Portoferraio, Italia
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32
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Polimeno S, Silvestri O, Gaeta G, Boccalatte M, Boccalatte A, Picano E. Viability identification by low dose pharmacological stress echo predicts favourable left ventricular remodeling very early after acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)80999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cuomo S, Gaeta G, Polimeno S. Exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease mimicking acute myocardial infarction. G Ital Cardiol 1997; 27:1174. [PMID: 9419824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Cuomo
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera A. Cardarelli, Napoli
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34
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Rosi F, Gaeta G, Biani D, Malandra L, Rizzo L, Mazzeo P, Calonaci N, Merelli F, Berti P, Fusi M. [Craniosynostosis: is a prenatal diagnosis possible?]. Pediatr Med Chir 1997; 19:297-9. [PMID: 9508660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Authors give an account of a case in which a newborn was affected by craniosynostosis of the sagittal suture. The ultrasonographic biometric measurements of cranium taken during the course of fetal development, when compared with those of the trunk and limbs, led the Authors to suspect the correct diagnosis even before birth; this permitted the immediate planning of therapeutic conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rosi
- U.O. di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale di Portoferraio (LI), Italia
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35
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Amato S, Gaeta G, Brancaccio V, Belfiore G. [Primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome with left atrial intracardiac thombosis]. G Ital Cardiol 1997; 27:380-6. [PMID: 9244743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present report describes a case of right atrial thrombus in an active 49-year-old man with a primary antiphospholipid syndrome. In 1984, the patient was admitted for autoimmune hemolytic anemia; during the hospitalization it was diagnosed a chronic hepatitis B. In July 1991, the patient had fever, mild jaundice, splenomegaly and pancytopenia; a diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia was made but it was not subsequently confirmed. Interferon therapy was started and the patient's clinical course mildly improved. However, over the same year, he experienced again a clinical deterioration. Lumbar ischemic ulcers occurred. The patient underwent elective splenectomy. Bone marrow biopsy revealed mielodisplastic syndrome. Necrotizing vasculitis with granulomatosis was diagnosed. The patient's condition improved after splenectomy. Repeated laboratory tests showed positivity for antiphospholipid antibodies. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated the presence of a right atrial thrombus, confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The patient was started on long-term anticoagulant therapy, that resulted effective in reducing thrombus size.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amato
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera A. Cardarelli, Napoli
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36
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Silvestri O, Polimeno S, Gaeta G, Boccalatte A. [Evaluation of myocardial viability very early after acute myocardial infarction by ultra-low dose echo-dipyridamole test]. G Ital Cardiol 1996; 26:1257-66. [PMID: 9036022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stunned myocardium may cause a reversible left ventricular dysfunction. Dipyridamole echocardiography (0.56 mg*kg-1 over 4' e 0.84 mg*kg-1 over 10') can identify viable myocardium but can also induce ischaemia. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the usefulness of "Infra-low" dose dipyridamole echocardiography for identification of myocardial viability. METHOD AND RESULTS Of thirty-four consecutive in-hospital patients, thirty (26 males; mean age 59 +/- 11 years) with AMI separately underwent (40 +/- 12 hours from symptoms onset): 1. a baseline resting echo (BASELINE); 2. a low dose dobutamine (DOB) echotest (5-10 mcg*kg-1*m-1 for 5') (DOB5, DOB10); 3. an "infra-low" dose dipyridamole echotest (0.28 mg*kg-1 over 4') (DIP). A pre-discharge resting echo was performed 7 days after admission (follow-up). No patient developed echocardiographic or electrocardiographic signs of ischaemia after DIP, while 4 patients developed ischaemia after DOB. The systolic blood pressure (112 +/- 18 mmHg) did not change after both DOB and DIP. The heart rate was unchanged after DIP (BASELINE = 73 +/- 18 bpm', DIP = 75 +/- 14 bpm'), while it increased after DOB (BASELINE 69 +/- 11 bpm'; DOB5 = 71 +/- 11 bpm', p = 0.02; DOB10 = 74 +/- 12 bpm', p = 0.001). Wall motion score index (WMSI), in a 16-segment model (from 1 = normal to 4 = diskinetic) (BASELINE = 1.64 +/- 0.3), improved after DIP (1.56 +/- 0.36, p < 0.05 vs BASELINE) and after DOB10 (1.50 +/- 0.36, p < 0.05 vs BASELINE) while did not change after DOB5 (1.59 +/- 0.35, p = n.s.). WMSI decreased at follow-up (1.53 +/- 0.31, p < 0.05 vs BASELINE); DIP and DOB10, but not DOB5, correctly predicted the WMSI decrease observed at follow-up. Results of DOB5, DOB10 and DIP were fully concordant in 118 segments (67%) (kappa = 0.54): 13 (7%) with concordant positivity and 105 (60%) with concordant negativity; 58 (33%) segments showed different results. At follow-up 54 (30%) of the 178 segments with baseline dysfunction, observed in 29 survivors, showed an improvement of grade 1 or more (viable). Two patients did not undergo DOB10; therefore, of the 168 segments with baseline dysfunction, in 27 survivors who underwent all tests, 54 (32%) showed an improvement of grade 1 or more (viable) e 114 (68%) showed no improvement (not viable). Of 25 DOB5 "responders" segments, 11 (44%) showed spontaneous recovery at follow-up (true-positive); of 153 "non responders" segments, 110 (72%) showed no spontaneous recovery at follow-up (true-negative). Of 61 DOB10 "responders" segments, 29 (47%) showed spontaneous recovery at follow-up (true positive); of 107 "non responders" segments, 82 (77%) showed no spontaneous recovery at follow-up (true-negative). Of 36 DIP "responders" segments, 19 (53%) showed spontaneous recovery at follow-up (true positive); of 142 "non responders" segments, 107 (75%) showed no spontaneous recovery at follow-up (true-negative). The sensitivity of DOB5, DIP and DOB10 for predicting short-term spontaneous recovery was 20, 35 and 53% (DOB10 vs DOB5: p < 0.001), respectively; specificity was 88, 86 and 71% (DOB5 vs DOB10: p = 0.002; DIP vs DOB10: p = 0.01); the positive value was 44, 52 and 47% (p = n.s.) and the negative predictive value was 72, 75 and 76% (p = n.s.) while the diagnostic accuracy was 67, 70 and 85% (p = n.s.). CONCLUSIONS "Infra-low" dose dipyridamole echocardiography appears to be a hemodynamically neutral stress which does not modify either heart rate or blood pressure. It allows to explore selectively the viability of stunned myocardium, without eliciting ischaemia; it shows a good overall concordance with low-dose dobutamine and a low sensitivity but an excellent specificity for predicting spontaneous recovery early after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Silvestri
- Divisione Di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera A. Cardarelli, Napoli
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37
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Gaeta G, Cuomo S, Boeri F, Foglia MC, Iovine C, Boccalatte A. [Lipoprotein (a) and serum lipid levels young subjects with parents suffering from myocardial infarct]. G Ital Cardiol 1996; 26:757-63. [PMID: 8964318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated concentrations of lipoprotein (a) have been shown to increase the risk of coronary artery disease, especially in females, and have been found to be elevated in white US children with parental myocardial infarction. METHODS To confirm the generality of this finding and to determine the influence of gender, we studied 143 children with parental myocardial infarction (cases), 71 males and 72 females, mean age 17 +/- 5 years, body mass index 22.1 +/- 3.8 and 102 controls, 50 males and 52 females, mean age 18 +/- 5 years, body mass index 23 +/- 4.3. RESULTS The serum cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels were significantly higher, whereas the HDL level was significantly lower in cases than in controls; lipoprotein (a) levels > 30 md/dl were significantly more prevalent in cases than in controls. Among the males, serum HDL cholesterol was significantly lower in cases than in controls, whereas no significant differences were found in serum total cholesterol and in lipoprotein (a). Among the females, cases had lower HDL cholesterol level and higher serum total cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels in comparison to controls. CONCLUSION Children with parental myocardial infarction, in particular the females, have a more unfavourable serum lipid profile than controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Antonio Cardarelli, Napoli
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38
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Abstract
Irregular protein secondary structures are believed to be important structural domains involved in molecular recognition processes between proteins, in interactions between peptide substrates and receptors, and in protein folding. In these respects tight turns are being studied in detail. They also represent template structures for the design of new molecules such as drugs, pesticides, or antigens. Isolated alpha-turns, not participating in alpha-helical structures, have received little attention due to the overwhelming presence of other types of tight turns in peptide and protein structures. The growing number of protein X-ray structures allowed us to undertake a systematic search into the Protein Data Bank of this uncharacterized protein secondary structure. A classification of isolated alpha-turns into different types, based on conformational similarity, is reported here. A preliminary analysis on the occurrence of some particular amino acids in certain positions of the turned structure is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pavone
- Centro di Studio di Biocristallografia--CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Napoli, Italy
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39
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Elia LR, Gaeta G, Licciardi L, Boccalatte A. [Transient myocardial ischemia secondary to the use of cocaine-like anesthetic drug]. Ann Ital Med Int 1996; 11:140-3. [PMID: 8974441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We describe the case of a 29-year-old male with a history of cocaine use who was hospitalized for a traumatic femur fracture. After spinal anesthesia with buprenorfin and bupivacain, he had electrocardiographic evidence of inferior myocardial ischemia. He was treated successfully with intravenous nitroglycerin. We conclude that not only cocaine addicts, but also subjects with a past history of cocaine use, may be at risk for transient myocardial ischemia when anesthetized with local cocaine-like anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Elia
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Antonia Cardarelli di Napoli
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40
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Guglia E, Marchi AG, Messi G, Renier S, Gaeta G, Canciani M, Canciani G, Pizzul MG. [Evaluation of temporary observation and short hospital stay in a pediatric emergency department]. Minerva Pediatr 1995; 47:533-9. [PMID: 8900563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Temporary observation is a very short stay in Emergency Department, widely carried out in adult patients in our Country. No experience in childhood has been reported. In our emergency department children under 16 with acute diseases are admitted for 24-48 hours. From 1991 we carried out also temporary observation. Its effectiveness has been evaluated by studying our activity in 1992 (14.574 emergency room visits, with 664 admissions to our Department and 274 temporary observation) and 1993 (12820 emergency room visits, 573 admissions, 428 temporary observation). Compared to 1992, in 1993 there was a decrease of both emergency room visits (higher than expected from demographic lowering and in part due to payment for emergency room visits) and hospital admissions, and an increase of temporary observation. The stay in hospital was less than 6 hours in 94.2% of temporary observation patients. 18.2% of them were evaluated on clinical basis, 57% also by diagnostic examinations, 24.8% had some treatment. The 89% of the children were sent home following temporary observation, the others were admitted. Criteria for temporary observation were fairly similar to those for hospital admission, but not far as Central Nervous System and Renal Disease are concerned. Our study confirms the usefulness of temporary observation in childhood to reduce both the number of hospital admissions and the discomfort of the patient and his family. Nevertheless there is a need of criteria of appropriateness. Therefore we have elaborated guide lines for temporary observation and admission to our Department.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Guglia
- Servizio di Pronto Soccorso e Primo Accoglimento, IRCCS Istituto per l'infanzia, Trieste
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41
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Gaeta G, Brancaccio V. [Primary antiphospholipid syndrome with a familial element and myocardial infarct in an adolescent]. G Ital Cardiol 1995; 25:1025-30. [PMID: 7498621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe the case of a patient with primary familiar antiphospholipid syndrome and acute myocardial infarction. A previously healthy 15-year-old adolescent was admitted with severe chest pain lasting from 1 hour associated with inferoposterolateral ST-segment elevation. The patient received intravenous thrombolysis. A 2-dimensional echocardiogram revealed an area localized in the basal posterolateral left ventricular myocardium, that was akinetic and abnormally thin throughout the cardiac cycle. Peak creatinine kinase level was 1461 U/I. Subsequent electrocardiogram revealed inferoposterior infarction. Plasma anticardiolipin (aCL) IgG antibodies resulted positive (24 U.GPL) in repeated determinations. A dypiridamole echocardiographic test resulted negative. The patient's parents refused cardiac catheterization. He continues to do well at home 28 months after discharge. The patient's sister is affected by primary antiphospholipid syndrome characterized by recurrent abortion, very low platelet count and lupus anticoagulant positivity. Plasma aCL antibodies resulted positive also in the mother who did not have clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Antonio Cardarelli, Napoli
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42
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Gaeta G, Massari A, Scala R, De Rosa V, Boccalatte M, Bolletti Censi M. [Relationship between symptomatology of acute ischemic heart disease and glucose metabolism balance]. Minerva Cardioangiol 1994; 42:333-8. [PMID: 7970026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important cardiovascular risk factors. An increased prevalence of silent or paucisymptomatic myocardial ischaemia has been described in diabetic patients. The authors examined the relationship between glucose metabolism balance and acute ischemic heart disease symptoms in 174 patients: 46 diabetics and 128 non diabetics. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was made during admission to hospital in four patients. No differences of strength, length, type, site and radiation of pain between 46 diabetic patients and 128 non diabetics were found. As regards the other symptoms, the authors found that only dyspnoea and palpitations were prevalent in diabetic patients with ten-year or more-disease length. On the other hand, the prevalence of these two symptoms was not different between non diabetics and diabetics with less than ten-year-disease length.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, USL n. 40, Ospedale A Cardarelli, Napoli
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43
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Gaeta G, Effuso L, Maurea N, Boccalatte M, Antignano A, Sifola C, Scala R. [Hereditary changes of apolipoproteins B and E]. Clin Ter 1994; 144:527-37. [PMID: 8001338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated atherosclerosis occurs in patients with type III hyperlipoproteinemia and familial hypercholesterolemia. The accumulation of chylomicron remnants of intestinal origin and of VLDL remnants or IDL of hepatic origin observed in type III hyperlipoproteinemia appears to correlate with coronary disease. The presence of defective forms of Apo E prevents normal receptor-mediated catabolism of these lipoproteins. Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia have an elevation of plasma IDL secondary to defective LDL receptors that impair normal catabolism. Familial defective Apo B100 is secondary to an abnormality of Apo B100 that prevents the normal interaction of LDL with the LDL receptor and increases plasma LDL. Macrophages (which are derived from circulating monocytes) have emerged as a key component in atherogenesis because they appear to be progenitors of foam cells in arterial lesions. Macrophages express receptors that recognize chylomicron remnants and VLDL remnants and chemically modified LDL. Thus, in the presence of these specific lipoproteins, macrophages are converted to cells that resemble foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, USL 40, Ospedale Cardarelli, Napoli
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44
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Gaeta G, Effuso L, Maurea N, Boccalatte M, Scala R, Sifola C, Antignano A. [Lipoprotein metabolism in arterial walls and its relationship with the genesis of atheromatous lesion]. Clin Ter 1994; 144:63-72. [PMID: 8168354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this review we have concentrated on the ways in which modification of LDL structure may account for foam cell formation. We have presented in vivo evidence as well as in vitro evidence supporting the proposition that modification of native LDL is a prerequisite for foam cell formation and atherogenesis. If further research supports the importance of LDL modification in atherogenesis, a whole new array of possibilities opens itself to us for intervention. At the moment, the only intervention that appears to be feasible is prevention of LDL oxidation; conceivably we might be able to interfere with the aggregation of LDL with itself or with other complexes in the artery wall that appear also to favor initiation of the atherogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Divisione di Cardiologia, USL 40, Ospedale Cardarelli, Napoli
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45
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Gaeta G, Messi G, Marchi AG. [Approach to acute gastroenteritis in children: comparison over the years]. Minerva Pediatr 1993; 45:499-503. [PMID: 8145685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to children admitted because of acute gastroenteritis has been retrospectively evaluated by auditing the hospital records in two periods respectively before (A: 103 patients) and after (B: 133 patients) the use of oral rehydration solution. Incomplete history taking was found out without differences between the two periods; in many cases the weight loss, one of the main criteria for hospitalization in acute diarrhoea, was not recorded at admission. In period B therapeutic behaviour was adequate to literature guidelines as regards both antibiotic prescription and use of oral rehydration solution. Nevertheless even if oral rehydration was carried out in more than 70% of patients, parenteral fluid administration was not significantly reduced in comparison with period A. Oral rehydration solution contributed to reduce the length of hospital stay in the more recent period. The study confirms the usefulness of medical audit to improve quality care.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gaeta
- Servizio di Pronto Soccorso e Primo Accoglimento, IRCCS Istituto per l'Infanzia, Trieste
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46
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Selicorni A, Lalatta F, Livini E, Briscioli V, Piguzzi T, Bagozzi DC, Mastroiacovo P, Zampino G, Gaeta G, Pugliese A. Variability of the Brachmann-de Lange syndrome. Am J Med Genet 1993; 47:977-82. [PMID: 8291540 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320470708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Brachmann-de Lange syndrome (BDLS) is a relatively common multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome, whose cause is unknown. The clinical variability of this condition is well-known. Recently some reports suggested the possible existence of a mild BDLS phenotype. We report on 30 patients in whom a diagnosis of BDLS was made or strongly suspected in 12 different Italian hospitals. Based on clinical evaluation we divided them into two groups, classical and mild BDLS cases. We compare the clinical data of these patients and we discuss the problems which arise in trying to define clear criteria of distinction between these two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Selicorni
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Università di Milano, Italy
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47
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Picillo U, Marcialis MR, Longobardo A, La Palombara F, Gaeta G, Migliaresi S, Tirri G. Pregnancy and antiphospholipid antibodies. Ann Rheum Dis 1992; 51:1103. [PMID: 1417154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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48
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Gombos F, Serpico R, Piccirillo P, Gaeta G. [The pathogenesis of lichen planus. Experimental research on the significance of HLA-DR antigenic expression by keratinocytes]. Minerva Stomatol 1991; 40:3-7. [PMID: 2041529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and distribution of keratinocytes expressing the major histocompatibility complex antigen HLA-DR were determined in lesions of oral lichen planus. The authors examine the condition, but its functional significance remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gombos
- I Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli
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49
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Bertotti A, De Marchi S, Brovedani P, Gaeta G, Peratoner L, Mangiarotti MA. [Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic nephropathy and urinary diagnostic indices: the utility of measuring tubular enzymes (NAG and AAP)]. Pediatr Med Chir 1990; 12:347-9. [PMID: 1981610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Feto-neonatal hypoxia can cause a functional kidney impairment, which is often temporary and not clinically overt, but sometimes leading to acute renal failure. Hypoxic stress may result in a tubulo-interstitial damage, and kidney tubular enzymes determination has proved to be an easy, early, and non invasive method to define a tubular interstitial lesion. A major target of nephrotoxicity is the proximal tubular cell: alterations in brush-border membrane and cytoplasm result in increased turnover processes in the kidney cortex, following by a corresponding increased excretion of alanine-aminopeptidase (AAP) and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) from the proximal tubular cells, long before glomerular or tubular functions are impaired. AAP and NAG excretion is directly correlated with the strength and the duration of toxic alteration of the proximal tubule. NAG and AAP have been already studied in the adults and the children; they have been chosen for this investigation with a double aim: 1) to define the amount of their urinary excretion in relation with gestational age at birth; 2) to evaluate if in the newborn, independently of the gestational age, their urinary concentration may be increased by ischaemic conditions caused by hypoxia. We studied 52 healthy newborns (7 preterm of 33-36 weeks and 45 full-term) and 16 newborns with feto-neonatal hypoxia (8 preterm of 26-36 weeks and full-term) at the forth day of life. Urinary NAG and AAP were assayed by colorimetric methods and the results expressed as mU/mg. creatininuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bertotti
- Istituto per l'infanzia Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italia
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50
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Gombos F, Serpico R, Gaeta G. [The genetic basis of anticaries immunity--the HLA system]. Arch Stomatol (Napoli) 1988; 29:963-8. [PMID: 3272578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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