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Dhawan V, Lokras A, Joshi G, Marwah M, Venkatraman M, Mohanty B, Darshan K, Chaudhari P, Warawdekar U, Saraf M, Nagarsenker M. Polysaccharide and Monosaccharide Guided Liver Delivery of Sorafenib Tosylate - A Nano-strategic Approach and Comparative Assessment of Hepatospecificity. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122039. [PMID: 35902059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Dhawan
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - A Lokras
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - G Joshi
- CRI Lab 1, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410201, India
| | - M Marwah
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - M Venkatraman
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - B Mohanty
- Comparative Oncology Program, Small Animal Testing Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - K Darshan
- Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Chaudhari
- Comparative Oncology Program, Small Animal Testing Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - U Warawdekar
- CRI Lab 1, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410201, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - M Saraf
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - M Nagarsenker
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India.
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Ceranoglu T, Cassano P, Hutt Vater C, Green A, Dallenbach N, Disalvo M, Biederman J, Joshi G. Efficacy of tPBM on ADHD symptoms and Executive Function Deficits in Adults with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9568161 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Executive function (EF) deficits are often associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), even in the absence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnosis. To date, no approved medication treatments exist for EF deficits associated with ASD.
Objectives
To assess the efficacy of transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) on EF in adults with ASD.
Methods
Adults (18-59) with high-functioning (HF)-ASD received twice a week tPBM for 8 weeks in an open-label single group design. ASD and EF deficits were assessed by clinician-rated Clinical Global Impression Scale and patient-rated scales of Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult (BRIEF-A).
Results
Eleven participants were enrolled. Ten participants completed the study. Nine participants who completed the study had comorbid ADHD diagnosis. All 10 participants were included in efficacy analyses of EF deficits. Statistically significant improvements in executive function deficits were found in BRIEF-A total score and in subdomains of Inhibition, Emotional Control, Planning and Organization, Organization of Materials, Behavioral Regulation, Metacognitive Index and Global Executive Control. All participants were found to have mild to moderate improvement in their ADHD symptom severity per clinician rated CGIs. Statistically significant improvements in ADHD symptoms were noted in self-rated scales. No adverse events required changes in tPBM protocol.
Conclusions
tPBM is a safe and feasible treatment approach that has the potential to treat core features of ASD. Further research is necessary and warranted.
Disclosure
This work is funded by Alan and Lorraine Bressler Clinical and Research Program for Autism Spectrum Disorder and the MGH Pediatric Psychopharmacology Council Fund.
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Dhawan V, Joshi G, Sutariya B, Shah J, Ashtikar M, Nagarsekar K, Steiniger F, Lokras A, Fahr A, Krishnapriya M, Warawdekar U, Saraf M, Nagarsenker M. Polysaccharide conjugates surpass monosaccharide ligands in hepatospecific targeting - Synthesis and comparative in silico and in vitro assessment. Carbohydr Res 2021; 509:108417. [PMID: 34481155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ligands with the polysaccharide headgroups have been recently reported by our group to possess enhanced interaction with asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) in silico as compared to ligands having galactose moieties. This enhanced interaction is a result of the polymer's backbone support in anchoring the ligand in a specific orientation within the bilayer. In this paper, we have attempted to provide an in vitro proof of concept by performing a comparative evaluation of polysaccharide and monosaccharide-based ligands. Docking was performed to understand interaction with ASGPR in silico. Agarose and galactose conjugates with behenic acid were synthesized, purified, and characterized to yield biocompatible hepatospecific ligands which were incorporated into nanoliposomes. Cellular internalization of these targeted liposomes was studied using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The toxicity potential was assessed in vivo. Results indicated that the polysaccharide-based ligand increased cellular uptake due to better interaction with the receptor as compared to ligand bearing a single galactose group. In addition to developing novel liver targeting ligands, the study also established proof of concept that has been suggested by earlier in silico investigations. The approach can be used to design targeting ligands and develop formulations with improved targeting efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dhawan
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - G Joshi
- CRI Lab 1, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - B Sutariya
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - J Shah
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - M Ashtikar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - K Nagarsekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - F Steiniger
- Centre for Electron Microscopy of the Medical Faculty, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Ziegelmühlenweg 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - A Lokras
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, 400098, India; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - A Fahr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Lessingstraße 8, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - M Krishnapriya
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - U Warawdekar
- CRI Lab 1, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - M Saraf
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - M Nagarsenker
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, 400098, India.
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Thapa S, Thakur N, Kunwar AJ, Joshi G. Differentiating Entamoeba hystolytica, E. disparand E. moshkovskii in stool sample from rural community of Nepal using nested-PCR. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Lemoine A, Van de Velde M, Jacobs A, Joshi G, Bonnet F. PROSPECT review methodology for oncological breast surgery: a reply. Anaesthesia 2020; 76:288-289. [PMID: 33080069 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Lemoine
- APHP - Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - A Jacobs
- University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Joshi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - F Bonnet
- APHP - Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Lemoine A, Van de Velde M, Jacobs A, Joshi G, Bonnet F. PROSPECT guidelines for oncological breast surgery: the role of non-opioid analgesics, a reply. Anaesthesia 2020; 76:141-142. [PMID: 33015825 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Lemoine
- APHP - Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - A Jacobs
- University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Joshi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - F Bonnet
- APHP - Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Lemoine A, Van de Velde M, Jacobs A, Joshi G, Bonnet F. Breast surgery analgesia: a reply. Anaesthesia 2020; 75:1406-1407. [PMID: 32654117 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Lemoine
- APHP - Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - A Jacobs
- University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Joshi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - F Bonnet
- APHP - Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Joshi G, Kubasek J, Nikolov I, Sheehan B, Costa TA, Allão Cassaro RA, Friedman JR. Adjustable coupling and in situ variable frequency electron paramagnetic resonance probe with loop-gap resonators for spectroscopy up to X-band. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:023104. [PMID: 32113449 DOI: 10.1063/1.5133074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In standard electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the frequency of an experiment is set and the spectrum is acquired using the magnetic field as the independent variable. There are cases in which it is desirable instead to fix the field and tune the frequency such as when studying avoided level crossings. We have designed and tested an adjustable frequency and variable coupling EPR probe with loop-gap resonators (LGRs) that works at a temperature as low as 1.8 K. The frequency is tuned by adjusting the height of a dielectric piece of sapphire inserted into the gap of an LGR; coupling of the microwave antenna is varied with the height of the antenna above the LGR. Both coupling antenna and dielectric are located within the cryogenic sample chamber, but their motion is controlled with external micrometers located outside the cryostat. The frequency of the LGR (∼4 GHz) can be adjusted by more than 1 GHz (>25%). To cover a wide range of frequencies, different LGRs can be designed to cover frequencies up to X-band. We demonstrate the operation of our probe by mapping out avoided crossings for the Ni4 molecular nanomagnet to determine the tunnel splittings with high precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, USA
| | - J Kubasek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, USA
| | - I Nikolov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, USA
| | - B Sheehan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, USA
| | - T A Costa
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
| | - R A Allão Cassaro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Jonathan R Friedman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - D Dhingra
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S S Pandav
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Kaushik
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - D Dhingra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - U Tekchandani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - S Kaushik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
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Stamm J, Joshi G, Anderson MA, Bussing K, Houchin C, Elinsky A, Flyte J, Husseini N, Jarosz D, Johnson C, Johnson A, Jones C, Kooner T, Myhre D, Rafaill T, Sayed S, Swan K, Toma J, Kagey J. Genetic mapping of EgfrL.3.1 in Drosophila melanogaster. MicroPubl Biol 2019; 2019. [PMID: 32550448 PMCID: PMC7252331 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Stamm
- Department of Biology, University of Evansville
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jacob Flyte
- Biology Department, University of Detroit Mercy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Taj Kooner
- Biology Department, University of Detroit Mercy
| | | | | | - Sarah Sayed
- Biology Department, University of Detroit Mercy
| | - Kirby Swan
- Biology Department, University of Detroit Mercy
| | | | - Jacob Kagey
- Biology Department, University of Detroit Mercy
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Y.Hokii, Carey C, Heiss M, Joshi G. Fluoride ion release/recharge behavior of ion-releasing restorative materials. Dent Mater 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Urquhart O, Tampi MP, Pilcher L, Slayton RL, Araujo MWB, Fontana M, Guzmán-Armstrong S, Nascimento MM, Nový BB, Tinanoff N, Weyant RJ, Wolff MS, Young DA, Zero DT, Brignardello-Petersen R, Banfield L, Parikh A, Joshi G, Carrasco-Labra A. Nonrestorative Treatments for Caries: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. J Dent Res 2018; 98:14-26. [PMID: 30290130 PMCID: PMC6304695 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518800014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of nonrestorative or non- and microinvasive caries treatment (fluoride-
and nonfluoride-based interventions) is to manage the caries disease process at
a lesion level and minimize the loss of sound tooth structure. The purpose of
this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to summarize the available
evidence on nonrestorative treatments for the outcomes of 1) arrest or reversal
of noncavitated and cavitated carious lesions on primary and permanent teeth and
2) adverse events. We included parallel and split-mouth randomized controlled
trials where patients were followed for any length of time. Studies were
identified with MEDLINE and Embase via Ovid, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Cochrane
Database of Systematic Reviews. Pairs of reviewers independently conducted the
selection of studies, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessments, and assessment
of the certainty in the evidence with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,
Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Data were synthesized with a
random effects model and a frequentist approach. Forty-four trials (48 reports)
were eligible, which included 7,378 participants and assessed the effect of 22
interventions in arresting or reversing noncavitated or cavitated carious
lesions. Four network meta-analyses suggested that sealants + 5% sodium fluoride
(NaF) varnish, resin infiltration + 5% NaF varnish, and 5,000-ppm F (1.1% NaF)
toothpaste or gel were the most effective for arresting or reversing
noncavitated occlusal, approximal, and noncavitated and cavitated root carious
lesions on primary and/or permanent teeth, respectively (low- to
moderate-certainty evidence). Study-level data indicated that 5% NaF varnish was
the most effective for arresting or reversing noncavitated facial/lingual
carious lesions (low certainty) and that 38% silver diamine fluoride solution
applied biannually was the most effective for arresting advanced cavitated
carious lesions on any coronal surface (moderate to high certainty). Preventing
the onset of caries is the ultimate goal of a caries management plan. However,
if the disease is present, there is a variety of effective interventions to
treat carious lesions nonrestoratively.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Urquhart
- 1 Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry, Science Institute, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M P Tampi
- 1 Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry, Science Institute, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L Pilcher
- 1 Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry, Science Institute, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R L Slayton
- 2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M W B Araujo
- 3 Science Institute, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Fontana
- 4 Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Guzmán-Armstrong
- 5 Advance Education Program in Operative Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M M Nascimento
- 6 Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - B B Nový
- 7 DentaQuest Institute and DentaQuest Oral Health Center, Westborough, MA, USA
| | - N Tinanoff
- 8 Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - R J Weyant
- 9 Department of Dental Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M S Wolff
- 10 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D A Young
- 11 Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - D T Zero
- 12 Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Research Institute, School of Dentistry Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - R Brignardello-Petersen
- 13 Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - L Banfield
- 14 Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A Parikh
- 15 College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - G Joshi
- 16 GC America, Alsip, IL, USA
| | - A Carrasco-Labra
- 1 Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry, Science Institute, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA.,17 Evidence-Based Dentistry Unit and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Sharma V, Naval S, Kumar D, Joshi G, Puntambekar SP. Laparoscopic Supra-Levator Total Pelvic Exenteration in Advanced Case of Ca Cervix. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016; 22:S125. [PMID: 27678666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Sharma
- Minimal Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopic Oncosurgery, Galaxy Care Laparoscopy Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Naval
- Minimal Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopic Oncosurgery, Galaxy Care Laparoscopy Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - D Kumar
- Minimal Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopic Oncosurgery, Galaxy Care Laparoscopy Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - G Joshi
- Minimal Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopic Oncosurgery, Galaxy Care Laparoscopy Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - S P Puntambekar
- Minimal Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopic Oncosurgery, Galaxy Care Laparoscopy Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Joshi G, Okeyoshi K, Okajima MK, Kaneko T. Directional control of diffusion and swelling in megamolecular polysaccharide hydrogels. Soft Matter 2016; 12:5515-5518. [PMID: 27223843 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00971a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Directional control of diffusion and swelling in megamolecular polysaccharide hydrogels is demonstrated by focusing on the anisotropic structures for water absorption. Due to the presence of a layered structure in the hydrogel, the directional control for diffusion parallel to the planar direction and swelling in the lateral direction are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Research Area of Energy and Environment, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
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Dhawan V, Magarkar A, Joshi G, Makhija D, Jain A, Shah J, Reddy BVV, Krishnapriya M, Róg T, Bunker A, Jagtap A, Nagarsenker M. Stearylated cycloarginine nanosystems for intracellular delivery – simulations, formulation and proof of concept. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16432c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel cationic agent liposomes performed better in silico translating in higher cellular uptake with reduced toxicity.
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Joshi G, Singbal N, Naval S, Vatsal S, Puntambekar SP. Laparoscopic Posterior Exenteration. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2015; 22:S124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Puntambekar SP, Sugoor D, Joshi G, Puntambekar SP, kumbhare S, Sharma V, Parikh H. Single Institutional Experience of 410 Cases of Type B & Type C (Querleu Morrow Classification) Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2015; 22:S91-S92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Arumugam G, Srinivasan S, Joshi G, Gopal D, Ramalingam K. Production and characterization of bioactive metabolites from piezotolerant deep sea fungus Nigrospora
sp. in submerged fermentation. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 118:99-111. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G.K. Arumugam
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group; ESSO-National Institute of Ocean Technology; Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES); Government of India; Chennai India
| | - S.K. Srinivasan
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group; ESSO-National Institute of Ocean Technology; Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES); Government of India; Chennai India
| | - G. Joshi
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group; ESSO-National Institute of Ocean Technology; Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES); Government of India; Chennai India
| | - D. Gopal
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group; ESSO-National Institute of Ocean Technology; Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES); Government of India; Chennai India
| | - K. Ramalingam
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group; ESSO-National Institute of Ocean Technology; Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES); Government of India; Chennai India
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Telang M, Joshi G, Joshi S, Lawande A, Puntambekar S. Laparoscopic Vaginal Reconstruction in a Patient with Failed Primary Reconstruction of Transverse Vaginal Septum. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.08.752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kho K, Rosero E, Joshi G, Schaffer J. Nationwide Trends in the Safety of Inpatient Hysterectomy from 1998-2010. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2013.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pandey CK, Tripathi M, Karna ST, Singh N, Singh PK, Joshi G. Prophylactic use of gabapentin for prevention of succinylcholine-induced fasciculation and myalgia: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. J Postgrad Med 2012; 58:19-22. [DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.93248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Joshi G, Biederman J, Petty C, Goldin R, Wozniak J. O-22 - Examining the comorbidity of bipolar disorder and autism spectrum disorders: a large controlled analysis of phenotypic and familial correlates in youth with bipolar disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)74122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Gurung RB, Joshi G, Gautam N, Pant P, Pokhrel B, Koju R, Bedi TR. Upper gastro-intestinal bleeding: aetiology and demographic profile based on endoscopic examination at Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2011; 8:208-11. [PMID: 21209537 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is defined as bleeding within the intraluminal gastrointestinal tract from any location between the upper oesophagus to the duodenum at the ligament of Treitz. It is one of the important medical emergencies worldwide. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to study the aetiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding based on endoscopic examination findings in patients of various demographic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective observational study. The endoscopic record book from 2007 January to 2009 October was reviewed for all the cases who underwent oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopic examination for upper GI bleeding. The clinico-epidemiological data of all the patients was reviewed and analyzed in concert with the aetiology of bleeding. RESULTS A total of 90 patients (58 males, 32 females; mean age 45.32+ 18.47 years) of upper gastrointestinal bleeding was studied and analyzed in terms of aetiology of bleeding and demographic profile. Among the ethnic groups, Aryan 46 (51%) was the most common ethnic group to have upper GI bleeding followed by Newars 24 (27%), Mongolians 16 (18%), Dalits 3 (3%) and others 1 (1%). Out of 90 patients, 47( 52.2%) cases was less than 45 years of age, 30(33.3%) of 46 to 65 age ; and 13(14.4 %) more than 65 years of age. Gastric ulcer 23(25.6%) was the most common endoscopic finding, followed by oesophageal varices 14 (15.6%), acute erosive/haemorrhagic gastropathy 11 (12.2%), duodenal ulcer 9(10%), growth 7(7.8%), vascular lesions 3(3.3%), Mallory-Weiss tear 1(1.1%), fundal varices 1(1.1%) and, no cause was identified in 21(23.3%) cases. The peptic ulcer bleeding was the most common finding in Aryan 22(47.9%), whereas oesophageal varices and growth were more common in Newar 7(29.2%) and 3 (12.5%) respectively. CONCLUSION Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of upper GI bleeding which was most commonly found in Aryan population; followed by oesophageal varices and growth as second and third most common causes and were more prevalent in Newar and Mongolian people.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Gurung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Science.
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Yan X, Poudel B, Ma Y, Liu WS, Joshi G, Wang H, Lan Y, Wang D, Chen G, Ren ZF. Experimental studies on anisotropic thermoelectric properties and structures of n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3. Nano Lett 2010; 10:3373-3378. [PMID: 20672824 DOI: 10.1021/nl101156v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The peak dimensionless thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT) of Bi(2)Te(3)-based n-type single crystals is about 0.85 in the ab plane at room temperature, which has not been improved over the last 50 years due to the high thermal conductivity of 1.65 W m(-1) K(-1) even though the power factor is 47 x 10(-4) W m(-1) K(-2). In samples with random grain orientations, we found that the thermal conductivity can be decreased by making grain size smaller through ball milling and hot pressing, but the power factor decreased with a similar percentage, resulting in no gain in ZT. Reorienting the ab planes of the small crystals by repressing the as-pressed samples enhanced the peak ZT from 0.85 to 1.04 at about 125 degrees C, a 22% improvement, mainly due to the more increase on power factor than on thermal conductivity. Further improvement is expected when the ab plane of most of the small crystals is reoriented to the direction perpendicular to the press direction and grains are made even smaller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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Joshi G, Pradhan S, Mittal B. Role of the oestrogen receptor (ESR1 PvuII and ESR1 325 C->G) and progesterone receptor (PROGINS) polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to migraine in a North Indian population. Cephalalgia 2010; 30:311-20. [PMID: 19673915 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2009.01967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the single-locus, haplotype and epistasis patterns and the contribution of oestrogen receptor [ESR1 PvuII (rs2234693), ESR1 325 C→G (rs1801132)] and progesterone receptor [PROGINS (rs1042838)] polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to migraine by analysing 613 subjects consisting of 217 migraine patients, 217 healthy controls (HC) and 179 patients with tension-type headache (TTH). Entire data were analysed by taking the Bonferroni corrected P-value into account. We found significant association of TT genotype [odds ratio (OR) 3.458, confidence interval (CI) 1.757, 6.806; P = 0.0003] and T allele (OR 1.729, CI 1.309, 2.284; P = 0.0001) of ESR1 PvuII single nucleotide polymorphism with migraine when compared with HC. Significant association was seen only in female migraine patients at both genotype (P = 0.002; OR 3.834, CI 1.625, 9.043) and allele level (P = 0.002; OR 1.721, CI 1.228, 2.413). Moreover, higher risk was limited to migraine with aura (MA) (in case of TT genotype, P = 0.002; OR 4.377, CI 1.703, 1.246; in case of T allele, P = 0.001; OR 1.888, CI 1.305, 2.735) rather than migraine without aura (MoA) (P-value of TT genotype = 0.003; OR 3.082, CI 1.465, 6.483; P-value T allele = 0.002; OR 1.630, CI 1.188, 2.236). In case of a recessive model, risk was seen with migraine patients (P = 0.0003; OR 2.514, CI 1.635, 3.867), MA (P = 0.0001; OR 3.583, CI 1.858, 6.909) and MoA patients (P = 0.002; OR 2.125, CI 1.304, 3.464) when compared with HC. No risk was observed when TTH patients were compared with HC. No significance of ESR 325 G→C polymorphism was seen in any of the models under study. Significant differences in genotypic (P = 0.0001) and allelic frequency (P = 0.0002) were seen in case of PROGINS polymorphism when migraine patients were compared with HC, showing a protective effect (for A1A2 genotype, OR 0.292, CI 0.155, 0.549; for A2 allele, OR 0.320, CI 0.174, 0.589). Moreover, significance was seen only in case of female migraine patients at genotype (P = 0.002; OR 0.344, CI 0.176, 0.684) as well as allele levels (P = 0.004; OR 0.379, CI 0.198, 0.727) in case of PROGINS polymorphism. ESR1 PvuII TT*ESR1 325 C→G CG genotype, PROGINS A1A2*ESR1 325 C→G CG genotype and ESR1 PvuII CT*PROGINS A1A2 interacted significantly, but significance was lost after Bonferroni correction. In conclusion, ESR1 PvuII polymorphism is a significant risk factor for migraine particularly in women and MA patients, but ESR 325 C→G polymorphism is not associated with migraine susceptibility. PROGINS polymorphism seems to play a protective role in genetic susceptibility to migraine in the North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Joshi G, Aluise CD, Cole MP, Sultana R, Pierce WM, Vore M, St Clair DK, Butterfield DA. Alterations in brain antioxidant enzymes and redox proteomic identification of oxidized brain proteins induced by the anti-cancer drug adriamycin: implications for oxidative stress-mediated chemobrain. Neuroscience 2010; 166:796-807. [PMID: 20096337 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adriamycin (ADR) is a chemotherapeutic for the treatment of solid tumors. This quinone-containing anthracycline is well known to produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo. A common complaint of patients undergoing long-term treatment with ADR is somnolence, often referred to as "chemobrain." While ADR itself does not cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), we recently showed that ADR administration causes a peripheral increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), which migrates across the BBB and leads to inflammation and oxidative stress in brain, most likely contributing to the observed decline in cognition. In the current study, we measured levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in brains of mice injected intraparitoneally (i.p.) with ADR, as well as the levels and activities of several enzymes involved in brain GSH metabolism. We observed significantly decreased GSH levels, as well as altered GSH/GSSG ratio in brains of ADR treated mice relative to saline-treated controls. Also observed in brains of ADR treated mice were increased levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR). We also observed increased activity of GPx, but a significant reduction in GST and GR activity in mice brain, 72 h post i.p. injection of ADR (20 mg/kg body weight). Furthermore, we used redox proteomics to identify specific proteins that are oxidized and/or have differential levels in mice brains as a result of a single i.p. injection of ADR. Visinin like protein 1 (VLP1), peptidyl prolyl isomerase 1 (Pin1), and syntaxin 1 (SYNT1) showed differential levels in ADR treated mice relative to saline-treated controls. Triose phosphate isomerase (TPI), enolase, and peroxiredoxin 1 (PRX-1) showed significantly increased specific carbonylation in ADR treated mice brain. These results further support the notion ADR induces oxidative stress in brain despite not crossing the BBB, and that antioxidant intervention may prevent ADR-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Center of Membrane Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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Zhu GH, Lee H, Lan YC, Wang XW, Joshi G, Wang DZ, Yang J, Vashaee D, Guilbert H, Pillitteri A, Dresselhaus MS, Chen G, Ren ZF. Increased phonon scattering by nanograins and point defects in nanostructured silicon with a low concentration of germanium. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:196803. [PMID: 19518985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.196803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism for phonon scattering by nanostructures and by point defects in nanostructured silicon (Si) and the silicon germanium (Ge) alloy and their thermoelectric properties are investigated. We found that the thermal conductivity is reduced by a factor of 10 in nanostructured Si in comparison with bulk crystalline Si. However, nanosize interfaces are not as effective as point defects in scattering phonons with wavelengths shorter than 1 nm. We further found that a 5 at. % Ge replacing Si is very efficient in scattering phonons shorter than 1 nm, resulting in a further thermal conductivity reduction by a factor of 2, thereby leading to a thermoelectric figure of merit 0.95 for Si95Ge5, similar to that of large grained Si80Ge20 alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Zhu
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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Singh I, Rehni AK, Kalra R, Joshi G, Kumar M. Dendrimers and their pharmaceutical applications--a review. Pharmazie 2008; 63:491-496. [PMID: 18717480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecules having tree like structure, consisting of a core molecule and alternating layers of monomers. They can be synthesized by divergent and convergent growth methods. During synthesis, properties like dendrimer size, molecular mass, surface group can be controlled and configured to the desired need. The ability of dendrimers to encapsulate and bind the guest molecule can be used for solubility enhancement, sustained release and drug delivery applications. In this review we tried to delineate the properties, synthesis methods and expound potential pharmaceutical applications along with toxicological considerations of dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Perluigi M, Joshi G, Sultana R, Calabrese V, De Marco C, Coccia R, Butterfield DA. In vivo protection by the xanthate tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate against amyloid beta-peptide (1-42)-induced oxidative stress. Neuroscience 2006; 138:1161-70. [PMID: 16427207 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2005] [Revised: 11/23/2005] [Accepted: 12/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Considerable evidence supports the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. One hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide, which invokes a cascade of oxidative damage to neurons that can eventually result in neuronal death. Amyloid beta-peptide is the main component of senile plaques and generates free radicals ultimately leading to neuronal damage of membrane lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Therefore, interest in the protective role of different antioxidant compounds has been growing for treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other oxidative stress-related disorders. Among different antioxidant drugs, much interest has been devoted to "thiol-delivering" compounds. Tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate is an inhibitor of phosphatidylcholine specific phospholipase C, and recent studies reported its ability to act as a glutathione-mimetic compound. In the present study, we investigate the in vivo ability of tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate to protect synaptosomes against amyloid beta-peptide-induced oxidative stress. Gerbils were injected i.p. with tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate or with saline solution, and synaptosomes were isolated from the brain. Synaptosomal preparations isolated from tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate injected gerbils and treated ex vivo with amyloid beta-peptide (1-42) showed a significant decrease of oxidative stress parameters: reactive oxygen species levels, protein oxidation (protein carbonyl and 3-nitrotyrosine levels) and lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal levels). Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that modulation of free radicals generated by amyloid beta-peptide might represent an efficient therapeutic strategy for treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other oxidative-stress related disorders. Based on the above data, we suggest that tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate is a potent antioxidant and could be of importance for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other oxidative stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome 00185, Italy
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Minkowitz H, Joshi G, Gan T, Cheung R, Hubbard R, Chen C, Fort J. Crit Care 2003; 7:P094. [DOI: 10.1186/cc1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Crossley ML, Joshi G. An investigation of paediatric dentists' attitudes towards parental accompaniment and behavioural management techniques in the UK. Br Dent J 2002; 192:517-21. [PMID: 12047123 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4801416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Good behavioural management techniques are essential for treating children. Recent research has investigated parental and paediatric attitudes towards various behavioural management techniques. However, in the UK, very little is known about paediatric attitudes towards such issues. Accordingly, the aim of this investigation was to conduct a survey in order to provide insight into the current thinking of paediatric dentists across the UK. STUDY DESIGN A questionnaire was developed for this study on the basis of previous surveys investigating the attitudes of paediatric dentists towards the use of various behavioural management techniques in Australia and the USA. Areas covered in the questionnaire included: attitudes towards parental accompaniment; attitudes regarding parental expectations; and attitudes towards the use of various different child management techniques. The questionnaire was sent out to all registered members of the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry (n = 304). RESULTS 245 responses (80.5%) were returned, of which 218 provided valid and useable information (72%). A majority of 80% of respondents supported parental accompaniment of the child during the course of treatment. Separate analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures revealed significant differences between acceptability of parental accompaniment and the year in which dentists had qualified (P < 0.05). More recently qualified dentists were less accepting of parental accompaniment. Only a minority of dentists reported feeling pressured by parental expectations with regard to their child's treatment. However, an independent sample t-test revealed that male dentists experienced greater perceived conflict between dental and parental expectations, than female dentists (P < 0.05). In terms of specific behavioural management techniques, the most favoured was 'tell-show-do' with 87% of respondents citing this as their most commonly used method. Least acceptable were 'hand over mouth' techniques, followed closely by active restraint and papoose board. CONCLUSION In general, paediatric dentists in the UK favoured less 'restraining' methods of behavioural management. There was widespread support for parental accompaniment in the dental operatory and a desire to work in participation with parents in order to facilitate the child's good behaviour and more effective dental treatment. Further studies comparing the effectiveness of various techniques used with regard to treatment time and clinical outcomes, are now required.
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Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has potent trophic and protective actions on CNS neurons, including mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons, ventral forebrain cholinergic neurons and spinal motor neurons. To evaluate the effects of calcium and other second messengers on BDNF gene transcription, C6 glioma cells were treated for 4 h with the calcium ionophore A23187, forskolin + isobutyl-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), or the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that A23187 treatment increased BDNF transcripts containing the protein coding exon by 4.4-6.4-fold. Alternate BDNF transcripts were elevated to varying degrees after treatment with this ionophore and a subset of these transcripts was elevated following forskolin + IBMX treatment. When co-incubated with the RNA polymerase inhibitor, actinomycin D, A23187-induced increases were reduced or abolished, suggesting that calcium-mediated regulation of BDNF mRNA expression occurs at transcriptional as well as post-transcriptional levels. Transient transfection experiments employing reporter constructs containing serial 5' deletions of alternate BDNF promoters suggested that A23187-induced elevations in BDNF exon 1b, 1d and 1e containing transcripts are mediated by putative calcium-responsive regions flanking all three of these exons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Bishop
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Abstract
A prospective analysis of perioperative red blood cell transfusion practice in 110 patients undergoing elective primary total hip arthroplasty was conducted as a part of a quality assessment programme at the National Orthopaedic Hospital. In addition to demographic and clinical data, blood loss and perioperative transfusions were also recorded. Blood was collected for evaluation of haematocrit levels at predetermined intervals (preoperative and 6 h, 1, 2, 3, 7 days, postoperatively). Blood transfused with the patient's haematocrit of more than 30 per cent was considered inappropriate. In addition, a discharge haematocrit exceeding 36 per cent was chosen to identify overtransfusion. Eighty-four per cent were transfused a total of 191 units of homologous blood. Only 4 units were transfused between 3 patients, intraoperatively. All intraoperative transfusions were appropriate. Using the preset criteria (i.e. blood transfused with haematocrit of more than 30 per cent), 36 per cent of total units transfused were inappropriate. Using the criterion of discharge haematocrit of more than 36 per cent, 24 per cent of the patients were overtransfused. As compared to a previous retrospective analysis of blood transfusion in the same patient population which showed that inappropriate transfusion occurred in 45 per cent of the patients, the results from this study suggest a trend towards a more conservative transfusion practice. The improvement in transfusion practice may be due to the ongoing quality assurance programme and the use of transfusion guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cappagh Orthopaedic Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Grange J, Joshi G, Gerard J, Jean-Louis B, Sentenac I, Ayzac L. 2151 A ten years experience of the treatment of 207 uveal melanomas with 106 RU/106 RH applications. Vision Res 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)90157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bhatia MS, Shome S, Joshi G. Recurrent catatonia in Sheehan's syndrome (a case report). Indian J Med Sci 1994; 48:43, 45. [PMID: 8045630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M S Bhatia
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi
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Abstract
The LMA has been commercially available since 1988, and in the United States since 1992. The device combines several advantages of endotracheal tubes and face masks and may be used in many situations where either device was previously used routinely. Its principal advantage is a clearer airway, without the morbidity associated with endotracheal intubation. Although not suitable for all patients and procedures, the LMA has become widely used in all other countries where it is available. Many of the surgical procedures for which the LMA is most suited are performed in outpatients, and we expect this device will soon become popular in carefully selected cases in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Smith
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9068
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McSwiney M, Joshi G, McCaroll M. Blood loss during total hip replacement. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69:331-2. [PMID: 1389861 DOI: 10.1093/bja/69.3.331-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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He XG, Joshi G, Ma E. Model of exotic baryon-number nonconservation at moderate energies. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1989; 39:1454-1457. [PMID: 9959799 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.39.1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Strong W, Joshi G, Lura R, Muthukumaraswamy N, Schirch V. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase. Evidence for a conformational change in the enzyme upon binding of tetrahydropteroylpolyglutamates. J Biol Chem 1987; 262:12519-25. [PMID: 3497925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase domain of the trifunctional enzyme C1-tetrahydrofolate synthase appears to undergo a conformational change in the presence of tetrahydropteroylpolyglutamates, MgATP, and ammonium ion. The binding of these ligands increases the denaturation temperature of the enzyme by 12 degrees C, abolishes the cold lability of the enzyme, and alters its susceptibility to digestion by chymotrypsin. The results suggest that a conformational change is dependent upon binding of the third glutamate residue of tetrahydropteroylpolyglutamates and the beta-phosphoryl group of MgATP. The Km values for MgATP and formate are lowered 3.6- and 520-fold, respectively, when tetrahydropteroyltriglutamate is used as the substrate in place of tetrahydropteroylmonoglutamate. A sensitive coupled assay involving C1-tetrahydrofolate synthase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase was developed to determine the activity of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase. The assay gives linear rates with the tetrahydropteroylpolyglutamates as substrates but not with the monoglutamate form.
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Strong W, Joshi G, Lura R, Muthukumaraswamy N, Schirch V. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase. Evidence for a conformational change in the enzyme upon binding of tetrahydropteroylpolyglutamates. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45236-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Myers CD, Katz FE, Joshi G, Millar JL. A cell line secreting stimulating factors for CFU-GEMM culture. Blood 1984; 64:152-5. [PMID: 6733267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The multipotent hemopoietic stem cell has fastidious growth requirements in vitro. Traditionally, phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocyte conditioned medium has been used to supply the undefined growth factors required for culture of the human multipotent hemopoietic progenitor. We describe the use of medium conditioned by the bladder carcinoma cell line, 5637, to replace PHA-LCM in CFU-GEMM cultures and show that the properties of this conditioned medium closely mimic those of PHA-LCM in two separate CFU-GEMM culture systems.
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Joshi L, Joshi G. Lippe's loop: disappearance of thread from vagina. Rajasthan Med J 1974; 13:100-5. [PMID: 12333628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Joshi G, Dolan T, Gee R, Saltman P. Sodium Chloride Effect on Dark Fixation of CO(2) by Marine & Terrestrial Plants. Plant Physiol 1962; 37:446-9. [PMID: 16655674 PMCID: PMC549809 DOI: 10.1104/pp.37.3.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 7
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