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Response to: Prognostic factors for COVID-19 infected inpatients with chronic diseases. QJM 2023; 116:887-888. [PMID: 37335860 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
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Antimicrobial Efficacy of Blended Essential Oil and Chlorhexidine against Periodontal Pathogen ( P.gingivalis)-An In Vitro Study. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:625-629. [PMID: 37357480 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_787_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Essential oils (EOs) have a considerable amount of therapeutic and preventive effect in treating dental diseases due to their wider potential as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents. EOs like virgin coconut oil, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil thyme oil, and clove oil, when used in combination, may further have enhanced antimicrobial effects. However, limited information exists on the synergistic effect of these oils when used in combination, especially on the primary periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Aim The current study aims to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available EO on the periodontal pathogen, P. gingivalis, in comparison to chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and Methods Antimicrobial efficacy of EO and CHX was assessed at various concentrations against the periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis, by evaluating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results P. gingivalis was seen to be sensitive at a MIC of 100 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml concentration of the EO, which is regarded as the MIC of EO against P. gingivalis and CHX effectively inhibited microbial growth at 0.4 μg/ml. Conclusion A combination of EOs possesses a potent antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis, and the antibacterial efficacy increases with increasing concentration of EOs.
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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Genomic Sequences and Their Epidemiological Correlates Regarding the End of the Pandemic: In Silico Analysis. JMIR BIOINFORMATICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 4:e42700. [PMID: 36688013 PMCID: PMC9843602 DOI: 10.2196/42700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.529 worried health policy makers worldwide due to a large number of mutations in its genomic sequence, especially in the spike protein region. The World Health Organization (WHO) designated this variant as a global variant of concern (VOC), which was named "Omicron." Following Omicron's emergence, a surge of new COVID-19 cases was reported globally, primarily in South Africa. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to understand whether Omicron had an epidemiological advantage over existing variants. METHODS We performed an in silico analysis of the complete genomic sequences of Omicron available on the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID) database to analyze the functional impact of the mutations present in this variant on virus-host interactions in terms of viral transmissibility, virulence/lethality, and immune escape. In addition, we performed a correlation analysis of the relative proportion of the genomic sequences of specific SARS-CoV-2 variants (in the period from October 1 to November 29, 2021) with matched epidemiological data (new COVID-19 cases and deaths) from South Africa. RESULTS Compared with the current list of global VOCs/variants of interest (VOIs), as per the WHO, Omicron bears more sequence variation, specifically in the spike protein and host receptor-binding motif (RBM). Omicron showed the closest nucleotide and protein sequence homology with the Alpha variant for the complete sequence and the RBM. The mutations were found to be primarily condensed in the spike region (n=28-48) of the virus. Further mutational analysis showed enrichment for the mutations decreasing binding affinity to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor and receptor-binding domain protein expression, and for increasing the propensity of immune escape. An inverse correlation of Omicron with the Delta variant was noted (r=-0.99, P<.001; 95% CI -0.99 to -0.97) in the sequences reported from South Africa postemergence of the new variant, subsequently showing a decrease. There was a steep rise in new COVID-19 cases in parallel with the increase in the proportion of Omicron isolates since the report of the first case (74%-100%). By contrast, the incidence of new deaths did not increase (r=-0.04, P>.05; 95% CI -0.52 to 0.58). CONCLUSIONS In silico analysis of viral genomic sequences suggests that the Omicron variant has more remarkable immune-escape ability than existing VOCs/VOIs, including Delta, but reduced virulence/lethality than other reported variants. The higher power for immune escape for Omicron was a likely reason for the resurgence in COVID-19 cases and its rapid rise as the globally dominant strain. Being more infectious but less lethal than the existing variants, Omicron could have plausibly led to widespread unnoticed new, repeated, and vaccine breakthrough infections, raising the population-level immunity barrier against the emergence of new lethal variants. The Omicron variant could have thus paved the way for the end of the pandemic.
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Age associated changes in sleep spindle characteristics in Vipasana meditator: A whole night polysomnography study. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Perfectly antimagic total graphs. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-221279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An one-one correspondence function λ from V (G) ∪ E (G) to the set {1, 2, …, |V (G) | + |E (G) |} is a total labeling of a finite undirected graph G without loops and multiple edges, where |V (G) |and |E (G) | are the cardinality of vertex and edge set of G respectively. A perfectly antimagic total labeling is a totally antimagic total labeling whose vertex and edge-weights that are also pairwise distint. Perfectly antimagic total (PAT) graph is a graph having such labeling. The topic of discovering perfectly antimagic total labeling of some families of graphs is discussed in this paper. We also came up with certain conclusions about dual of a perfectly antimagic total graphs. Finally, we provided that the necessary and sufficient condition for a dual of a regular and irregular PAT graph to be a PAT graph.
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Selfish Genetic Drive of B Chromosomes in Diploid and Autotetraploid Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). CYTOL GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452722050073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Iron and Nickel nanoparticles role in volatile fatty acids production enhancement: functional genes and bacterial taxonomy in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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A Bioinformatics Tool for Predicting Future COVID-19 Waves Based on a Retrospective Analysis of the Second Wave in India: Model Development Study. JMIR BIOINFORMATICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 3:e36860. [PMID: 36193192 PMCID: PMC9516867 DOI: 10.2196/36860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background
Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, health policymakers globally have been attempting to predict an impending wave of COVID-19. India experienced a devastating second wave of COVID-19 in the late first week of May 2021. We retrospectively analyzed the viral genomic sequences and epidemiological data reflecting the emergence and spread of the second wave of COVID-19 in India to construct a prediction model.
Objective
We aimed to develop a bioinformatics tool that can predict an impending COVID-19 wave.
Methods
We analyzed the time series distribution of genomic sequence data for SARS-CoV-2 and correlated it with epidemiological data for new cases and deaths for the corresponding period of the second wave. In addition, we analyzed the phylodynamics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in the Indian population during the study period.
Results
Our prediction analysis showed that the first signs of the arrival of the second wave could be seen by the end of January 2021, about 2 months before its peak in May 2021. By the end of March 2021, it was distinct. B.1.617 lineage variants powered the wave, most notably B.1.617.2 (Delta variant).
Conclusions
Based on the observations of this study, we propose that genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants, complemented with epidemiological data, can be a promising tool to predict impending COVID-19 waves.
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073 Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) complicating anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) with ovarian teratoma. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-abn.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody-associated encephalitis (NMDARE) is a form of autoimmune encephalitis typically affecting young women, often associated with an ovarian teratoma. Clinical features include psychiatric disturbances, seizures, dyskinesia, dysautonomia, and cardiac dys- rhythmias. Here we present a case of NMDARE complicated by posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). This complication has not been reported previously.CaseA 17-year-old girl presented with acute psychosis. The neurological examination was unremark- able. MRI brain revealed left hippocampal T2 signal hyperintensity; there was a CSF lymphocytosis. NMDA-receptor antibodies in serum and CSF were detected and intravenous methylprednisolone was commenced. Progressive agitation lead to ITU admission. Plasma exchange and intravenous immuno- globulins were administered. MRI pelvis revealed a left ovarian cyst which was removed (laparoscopic salpingo-oophrectomy). Gross inspection and histopathology confirmed an ovarian teratoma. Persistently elevated blood pressure was noted for a week on ITU, associated with clinical deterioration. Rituximab was administered. A repeat MRI brain the next day revealed hyperintensities in temporo-parietal and occipital regions consistent with PRES. The second dose of rituximab was withheld. Clinical and radiologi- cal improvement was noted after a week, and the patient was discharged home.DiscussionEncephalitis mediated dysautonomia may lead to disruption of cerebral autoregulation cul- minating in PRES. The administration of rituximab may also have contributed. This case exemplifies the uncommon complications associated with NMDARE.dr.dvinayan@gmail.com
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Cardiovascular disease risk factors and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in young adults in two nationwide cohorts in the united states. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can have considerable morbidity and devastating socioeconomic and psychological consequences in young adults. Previous studies reveal that the decline in mortality in AMI has mainly been in the older population while being comparatively less significant in younger patients. This study compares young adults (18 to 44 years) hospitalized with AMI across two nationwide cohorts, 2007 and 2017, in the United States (US). It examines the burden of AMI hospitalizations, the prevalence of comorbidities, and in-hospital outcomes in young adults a decade apart. It highlights the rise in AMI hospitalizations, lack of decrease in mortality, sex-based and racial disparities, the surge in post-MI complications, and the decline in reperfusion interventions in young AMI patients over a decade.
Purpose
Coronary heart disease prevalence is challenging to ascertain in younger adults because of limited data and frequent silent clinical presentations. AMI and its complications can cause considerable morbidity, psychological trauma, and socioeconomic burden in the young.
Methods
We identified hospitalizations for AMI in young adults in 2007 and 2017 using the weighted data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), which covers 20% of stratified data of all non-federal community hospitals in the US. We compared the following data between the two cohorts: admission rates, sociodemographic features, in-hospital morbidity, complications, mortality, rate of coronary interventions, and healthcare utilization between the two cohorts. We used Pearson’s Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test to compare categorical and continuous variables, respectively. We also applied multivariable regression analyses to assess and compare the risk of cardiovascular complications and in-hospital mortality while controlling for confounders, including age, sex, race, median household income quartile, primary insurance enrolment, and pre-existing comorbidities.
Results
AMI’s incidence was higher in males in both the cohorts, although with a decline (71.1% vs 66.1%), whereas it rose from 28.9% to 33.9% in females. Hypertension (47.8% vs 60.7%), smoking (49.7% vs 55.8%), obesity (14.8% vs 26.8%), and diabetes mellitus (22.0% vs 25.6%) increased in the 2017 cohort (Table 1). We found no significant difference in all-cause mortality (aOR = 1.01 (0.93-1.10), p=0.749). Post-AMI complications, cardiogenic shock (aOR = 1.16 (1.06-1.27), p=0.001), and fatal arrhythmias increased. Reperfusion interventions decreased in the 2017 cohort (PCI; aOR=0.95 (0.91-0.98), p<0.001; CABG; aOR=0.66 (0.61-0.71), p<0.001) (Table 2).
Conclusion
Our study highlights the rise in AMI hospitalizations, plateauing of mortality, gender disparity, the surge in post-MI complications, and a reassuring decline in the requirement of reperfusion interventions in young AMI patients over a decade.
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Impact of Structural and Physiological Changes in the Vastus Medialis Muscle Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction on Short Term Patient-Reported Knee Function. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2022. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.02.2022.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Differential Activation of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in HPV-Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Detected Using Spatial Transcriptomics. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Enhancement of the structure, solar cells and vibrational studies of undoped CuCr2O4 and La-doped CuCr2O4 semiconductor compounds. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09233. [PMID: 35392397 PMCID: PMC8980336 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present paper, we report the successful synthesis of spinel-type of CuCr2O4 and La doped CuCr2O4 semiconductor nanoparticles by a microwave method. Starting with the precursor complex, this technique includes the creation of homogenous solid intermediates, which reduces atomic diffusion pathways during the microwave process. CuCr2O4 and La doped CuCr2O4 were characterized by the following analytical methods for instance X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results demonstrated that modifying the precursor had a significant impact on the size, solar cell size, as well as reaction period of synthesizing CuCr2O4 and La doped CuCr2O4. The impacts of precursors on the morphological and structural characteristics of CuCr2O4 and La doped CuCr2O4 were examined for the first time in this publication.
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Comparative Phytochemical Investigation and Antioxidant Activity in Different Parts of Acacia nilotica Seed. Indian J Pharm Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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TP1.2.3Oncological Outcomes of Organ Preservation Strategies - Local Excision Procedures and ‘Watchful Waiting’ In Management of Low Rectal Cancers – A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab362.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate local recurrence, metastases, and survival outcomes of `wait and watch’ (WW) strategy and local excision (LE) of tumours, in comparison to the present standard practice of total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancers.
Data Sources
MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed databases, and sources of Grey literature.
Study Selection
Randomised and non-randomised prospective studies, retrospective studies with propensity-score-matched analyses.
Data Extraction and Synthesis
These were carried out independently by two reviewers. A random-effects methodology was used for meta-analyses. Data was presented keeping with the 27-item PRISMA checklist.
Main Outcomes
The primary outcomes of interest were local recurrence, distant metastases, disease-free-survival and overall-survival, which were assessed in comparison to those associated with radical surgeries (TME).
Results
7 of the 16 studies in the systematic review were included for the quantitative synthesis and meta-analysis. Local recurrence rates were comparable amongst patients in WW group and LE group to those undergoing TME. [Risk ratio (RR) 3.07/1.41; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.86-10.95/0.66-3.01; P = 0.08/P=0.89 respectively]. Rates of distant metastases in the WW group and LE group were comparable to those undergoing TME [RR = 0.71/0.94; 95% CI 0.22-2.30/0.55-1.61; P = 0.56/ P = 0.83 respectively]. The median 3-year disease-free survival among patients undergoing WW, LE procedure, and TME were 88%, 80%, and 78.2% respectively; and the median 3-year overall survival among the three groups were 96%, 93%, and 89.5% respectively.
Conclusions and Relevance
Organ-preservation strategies appear to be a viable treatment option in the management of rectal-cancers. Further research is warranted to provide stronger levels of evidence on organ-preservation strategies.
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TP1.2.6Functional Outcomes of Organ Preservation Strategies - Local Excision Procedures and 'Watchful-Waiting' In Management of Low Rectal Cancers - A Systematic Review. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab362.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) associated with `wait-and-watch’ (WW) strategy and local-excision (LE) of rectal tumours after neo-adjuvant therapy, in comparison to the standard practice of total-mesorectal-excision (TME) for locally-advanced-rectal-cancers.
Data Sources
Medline, EMBASE, PubMed databases, and sources of Grey literature.
Study Selection
Randomised and non-randomised prospective studies, and retrospective studies with propensity-score-matched analyses analysing outcomes of WW and LE procedures for rectal cancer.
Data Extraction and Synthesis
Risk of bias assessments and data extraction were carried out independently by two reviewers. A narrative synthesis of data was presented keeping with the 27-item PRISMA checklist.
Main Outcomes
The outcomes of interest were those of faecal-incontinence (FI), bowel and rectal-evacuatory function, sexual-function, stoma-free-survival, and quality-of-life scores, which were assessed in comparison to those associated with radical surgeries.
Results
7 studies reported functional outcomes. Faecal-incontinence, bowel, and rectal-evacuatory-function assessed by various scoring systems were found to be least affected among patients on WW strategy, followed by those undergoing local excision and most in patients undergoing TME. These reflected on the quality of life assessments (FIQOL and FACT-C questionnaires). Sexual dysfunction was not higher among patients who underwent LE compared to TME. Advantage of stoma-free-survival with organ preservation strategies was realised for up to 2 years after treatment.
Conclusions
Organ-preservation strategies appear to have a favourable functional outcome compared to the gold standard of TME for up to 2 years after the commencement of treatment. Further research is warranted to provide stronger levels of evidence regarding the same.
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483 A Quality Improvement Project: Novel Electronic Operative Note Templates to Improve the Continuity of Post-Operative Patient Care. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Good Surgical Practice from RCS England encourages the use of e-health records and detailed typed operative notes. The Covid-19 pandemic has led to multi-site operating. ENT operations in our trust were split over three sites including the private sector leading to potential disruption in continuity of patient care. Physical operation notes are difficult to access in emergencies, telephonic clinics or for audit purposes. We aim to have operative notes available on patients’ e-records which adhere to RCSEng guidelines.
Method
In this QIP, we reviewed all ENT operations over a retrospective one-month period recording percentage of notes uploaded to patient e-record and the number of surgeons in theatre. We created two novel RCSEng compliant e-operative notes with a user guide, generic and tonsillectomy-specific, and prospectively collected data to complete the cycle.
Results
261 patients were included in both study periods. Only 36/134(27%) had e-operative pre-intervention improving to 71/127(56%) post-intervention. In the latter period, 76% of operations included a registrar and were more likely to have e-operative notes(72%) compared to when a consultant was operating alone(6%). There was low uptake of our tonsillectomy e-proforma(33%).
Conclusions
Our QIP has already proved effective with our templates increasing operative documentation on e-records. Increased use of e-template was more likely with the presence of a registrar in theatre. Room for improvement remains and we will re-audit after the introduction of further user-friendly operative templates and IT training. This QIP has also revealed additional operative training opportunities of which registrars can take advantage.
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Deciphering Enigmatic Response of B Chromosomes on Genetic Recombination of Artemisia annua L. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Perioperative outcomes of open, laparoscopic and robotic adrenalectomy: A multicenter experience. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Trauma is a major cause of death in the United States, particularly in the younger population. Many traumatic deaths, as well as major morbidity, occur secondary to uncontrolled hemorrhage and eventual exsanguination. Interventional radiology plays a major role in treating these patients, and interventional techniques have evolved to the point where they are an integral part of treatment in these critically ill patients. This article reviews the role of interventional radiology in the treatment algorithms for traumatic injury sponsored by major societies and associations.
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Abstract
This review summarizes the transition metal-catalyzed direct C–H functionalization
of quinazolinones and quinazolines through C-C, C-N and C-O bond formations. It focuses
mainly on the C-H (sp<sup>2</sup> or sp<sup>3</sup>) bond arylation, amination, sulfamidation, acetoxylation,
halogenation, annulation of quinazolinones and quinazolines. This review illustrates the scope
of C-H activation and functionalization of various quinazolinone and quinazoline derivatives.
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Is a single dose of preoperative antibiotic therapy effective for patients treated with megaendoprosthesis after metastatic bone tumour resection? Musculoskelet Surg 2021; 106:187-193. [PMID: 33400185 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-020-00692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The timing and number of doses of antibiotics required for megaendoprosthetic replacement (MPR) in metastatic bone disease (MBD) is a matter of debate. The aim of our study is to present the results of a prospective cohort of MPR for MBD receiving a single dose of antibiotic at induction of anaesthesia. METHODS All patients who underwent primary MPR in MBD were included in this prospective study. All penicillin-sensitive patients received one dose of cefuroxime 1.5gm intravenous at induction. In penicillin-allergic patients, teicoplanin 1.2gm and ciprofloxacin 500 mg intravenous was administered. The patients were followed up in the wound clinic and the specialist MBD clinic at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and then annually. Data collected included demographics, primary tumours, surgical procedures, complications and duration of follow-up. All calculations were performed using SPSS® 25(IBM, USA). A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS There were 51 patients with a mean age of 65.4 years. Procedures included proximal femoral replacement (35), distal femoral replacement (7), proximal humeral replacement (4), distal humeral replacement (3) and total femoral replacement (2). Thirty-seven patients received cefuroxime, and fourteen patients received teicoplanin and ciprofloxacin at induction of anaesthesia. The deep infection rate was 1.9%. Thirty-seven patients died with a median survival of 10 months (1 to 51 months). Mean follow-up was 18.9 months (1 to 70 months). CONCLUSION Single dose of preoperative antibiotics at anaesthetic induction seems to be safe and effective for preoperative prophylaxis in orthopaedic oncology.
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A comprehensive review on production, surface modification and characterization of nanocellulose derived from biomass and its commercial applications. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2021.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Regulation of PPARγ expression in luminal muscle invasive bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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FBXW7 loss of function contributes to worse overall survival and is associated with accumulation of MYC in muscle invasive bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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PO-0988: Is there a learning curve for SABR that affects overall survival outcomes in early stage NSCLC? Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pulmonary artery injury in left atrial appendage closure device implantation: a systematic review of a potentially fatal complication. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pulmonary artery (PA) injury is a rarely reported complication following percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC). This study aims to systematically review all reported cases of PA injury associated with LAAC.
Methods
PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the MAUDE databases were searched to find studies reporting PA injury during or after LAAC with the Amplatzer Amulet (AA), Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP) or Watchman device through October 2019. Categorical data were reported in terms of numbers and/or percentages (%).
Results
We found 13 cases (mean age 71.4 yrs) with reported PA injury associated with LAAC. Of these, 9 were case reports, 3 were reported in observational studies, and 1 was in the MAUDE database. Most cases (n=8) were reported in Europe followed by Australia (n=2) and Asia (n=2). The indication for device implantation in all patients was a high bleeding risk with anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation. Five cases were reported with the ACP (1/5 patients died), 5 with AA (2/5 patients died), and 3 with the Watchman (1/2 patients died). Acute and late presentations following implantation were reported for all three devices. 69.2% of cases (9/13) occurred acutely (during or within 24 hours of intervention). Of these, 3/9 occurred during device implantation. 2/4 of the delayed cases occurred >2 weeks following implantation. The mortality rate for acute and delayed cases was 22% (2/9 patients) and 50% (2/4 patients), respectively. A majority of the cases were attributable to barb/strut/hook injury of the PA. PA injury was associated with a mortality rate of approximately 31%. All surviving patients were managed with surgical intervention.
Conclusion
PA injury is an infrequently reported complication following LAAC and is associated with high mortality. Cases can present acutely (intra-procedurally or within 24 hours) or delayed (>24 hours post-implantation). A majority of cases are due to direct injury of the PA by the struts/hooks/barbs of the device. Practitioners should be cognizant of this life-threatening complication, which requires a high index of suspicion for diagnosis and can occur weeks after device implantation.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Rates and causes of readmissions following index admissions for Takotsubo syndrome-a meta-analysis of 118,941 index hospitalizations. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Rising trends in takotsubo syndrome (TTS)-related complications warrant data to identify the rate, causes and predictors of readmission on a large scale. We conducted the first-ever meta-analysis to evaluate the pooled rate of short-term and long-term readmissions after index TTS admissions.
Methods
PubMed/Medline, EMBASE and SCOPUS databases were systematically reviewed to find studies through October 2019 reporting rates and causes of readmission following index TTS admissions. Random effects models were used to estimate pooled rates and causes of readmissions and I2 statistics were used to report inter-study heterogeneity.
Results
A total of 16 cohorts with 118,941 TTS index admissions (mean age 65–75 yrs; female >85%, median follow-up 272.5 days) revealed a 16.6% [95% CI-13.2%-20.3%, I2=99%] pooled rate of readmission. Short-term and long-term pooled readmission rates are displayed in Fig.1. The readmission rate was higher in cohorts with young patients (<70 vs. >70 yrs), smaller sample size (n<100 vs. n>100) and single-centres vs. multicentres. Studies published from the USA (16.4% vs. 14.9%) had a higher readmission rate as compared to Italy. The most frequent causes were cardiac (40.6%), respiratory (15.7%) and renal (7.0%). Among readmissions with cardiac diagnoses, heart failure was most common (40.1%).
Conclusions
This global meta-analysis revealed that the pooled rate of readmission following index TTS admissions was ∼17% and causes were mainly cardiac or respiratory.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Laparoscopic management of omental infarction mimicking acute appendicitis - a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1810. [PMID: 33411394 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Immunological biomarkers in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparative cross-sectional study from a tertiary care center in South India. Lupus 2020; 29:413-420. [PMID: 32106787 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320908940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of various immunological biomarkers in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) differs among various patients with varied neuropsychiatric manifestations and different populations. We studied the prevalence of these biomarkers; especially the neuron specific autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and compared them among patients with and without neuropsychiatric involvement. METHODOLOGY This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India. The prevalence of immunological biomarkers including complement levels, systemic and brain specific autoantibodies (anti-myelin antibody, anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein antibody) were assessed and compared among those with and without NPSLE and with different NPSLE manifestations. RESULTS A total of 522 SLE patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 28.5 ± 8.8 years and 93.5% were women. Neuropsychiatric manifestations were seen in 167 (32%) patients. Seizure was the most common neuropsychiatric manifestation seen in 41.3%, followed by psychosis (18.6%), mood disorder (16.8%), stroke (10.8%), mononeuropathy (10.2%), headache (9.6%), acute confusional state (6.6%) and aseptic meningitis (5.4%). Patients with NPSLE had a higher SLE disease activity index score. Most of the autoantibodies, that is anticardiolipin antibody (aCL), anti-β2 glycoprotein 1 antibody (β2GP1), lupus anticoagulant (LA), anti-nucleosome, anti-ribosomal P, anti-Ro52, anti-Ro60 and anti-La, were seen in higher proportion in the NPSLE group, although the difference failed to reach statistical significance. On subgroup analysis, psychosis was significantly higher in patients with anti-ribosomal P positivity than without (11.8% versus 4.1%, p.0.007; odds ratio (OR) 3.1, confidence interval (CI) 1.4-6.8), while stroke had a higher proportion among those with positive b2GP1 IgG (6.3% versus 1.8%, p.0.03; OR 3.6, CI 1.2-11.0). A higher proportion of demyelination was seen among the LA positive than the negative (10.3% versus 0.2%, p.0.03; OR 5.39, CI 1.15-24.17) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in mood disorder (14.3% versus 3.4%, p = 0.03; OR 4.66, CI 1.13-19.13). CONCLUSION No single biomarker correlated with NPSLE. Among different NPSLE manifestations, the prevalence of IgG β2GP1 in stroke, LA in demyelination, anti-ribosomal P in psychosis and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in mood disorder were higher. Further studies on the pathogenic mechanisms underlying NPSLE and its different manifestations may help us to identify better biomarkers.
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Critical care after major surgery: a systematic review of risk factors for unplanned admission. Anaesthesia 2020; 75 Suppl 1:e62-e74. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Sleep and other non motor abnormalities in Indian patients with cervical dystonia. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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The effect of an intraorifice barrier and base under coronal restorations on the healing of apical periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial. Int Endod J 2019; 53:298-307. [PMID: 31587317 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of intraorifice barriers and bases on the healing of apical periodontitis following root canal treatment in mandibular molars. METHODOLOGY A total of 120 permanent mandibular molars with necrotic pulps and periapical radiolucencies (PAI score ≥ 3) were recruited. Root canal treatment was performed in all teeth using a standard protocol, following which they were randomly allocated to one of the three treatment groups: intraorifice barrier group: coronal 3-mm gutta-percha was removed and replaced with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) barrier. The floor of the pulp chamber was then sealed with 2-mm-thick GIC base followed by final composite resin restoration; base group: received 2-mm-thick GIC base before placement of composite resin restoration; and control group: had pulp chamber entirely filled with composite resin only. Follow-up was done at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Combination of clinical and radiographic parameters were used to assess treatment outcome. The data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS At the end of 12 months, the base group had the most favourable healing (97.1%), whilst the control group had the least favourable healing (83.8%). The intraorifice barrier group had healing of 92.1%. However, there was no significant difference in healing between groups at the end of the follow-up period (P > 0.05). Additional subgroup analysis revealed a nonsignificant effect of periodontal status and root filling level on periapical healing. CONCLUSION The use of an additional barrier under permanent restorations did not significantly improve the outcome of primary root canal treatment in posterior teeth after 12 months. However, its influence in the long term requires further evaluation.
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CO2/N2 selectivity enhancement of PEBAX MH 1657/Aminated partially reduced graphene oxide mixed matrix composite membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Diagnostic utility of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in prosthetic joint infection based on MSIS criteria. Bone Joint J 2019; 101-B:910-914. [PMID: 31362552 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.101b8.bjj-2018-0929.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and aseptic loosening in total hip arthroplasty (THA) can present with pain and osteolysis. The Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) has provided criteria for the diagnosis of PJI. The aim of our study was to analyze the utility of F18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) CT scan in the preoperative diagnosis of septic loosening in THA, based on the current MSIS definition of prosthetic joint infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 130 painful unilateral cemented THAs with a mean follow-up of 5.17 years (sd 1.12) were included in this prospective study. The mean patient age was 67.5 years (sd 4.85). Preoperative evaluation with inflammatory markers, aspiration, and an F18 FDG PET scan were performed. Diagnostic utility tests were also performed, based on the MSIS criteria for PJI and three samples positive on culture alone. RESULTS The mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and white cell count were 47.83 mm/hr, 25.21 mg/l, and 11.05 × 109/l, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value, and false-positive rate of FDG PET compared with MSIS criteria were 94.87%, 38.46 %, 56.38%, 94.59 %, and 60.21%, respectively. The false-positive rate of FDG PET compared with culture alone was 77.4%. CONCLUSION FDG PET has a definitive role in the preoperative evaluation of suspected PJI. This the first study to evaluate its utility based on MSIS criteria and compare it with microbiology results alone. However, FDG PET has a high false-positive rate. Therefore, we suggest that F18 FDG PET is useful in confirming the absence of infection, but if positive, may not be confirmatory of PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:910-914.
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EMS Induced Desynaptic Male Sterile Lines in Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). CYTOL GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.3103/s009545271904008x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Combination of microwave and gamma irradiation for reduction of aflatoxin B1 and microbiological contamination in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2018.2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a natural carcinogen commonly present in food and feed which has deleterious effects on human and animal health. Combination treatment of microwave heating and gamma irradiation has been investigated. Artificially spiked peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) were used with a concentration of 300 μg/kg of AFB1 to evaluate the treatment efficacy. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of AFB1 was carried out by one dimensional thin layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Gamma irradiation (5, 7 and 9 kGy) alone reduced 20 to 43% of AFB1, while, only low power microwave heating (360, 480 and 600 W) reduced it by 59 to 67%. The synergistic effect of a combination treatment at 7 and 9 kGy of irradiation at any of the chosen microwave power levels and sequence of treatment was able to reduce >95% in artificially spiked peanuts. Knowing the limitation of ELISA, an Ames test was employed to determine the mutagenicity of AFB1 in combination-treated (7 kGy and 600 W) artificially spiked peanut samples, resulting in an 80-85% reduction of its mutagenicity. Quality parameters of peanuts in terms of moisture content, water activity, hardness, colour, peroxide value and free fatty acid were evaluated and observed to be retained after combination treatments. Post-treatment sensory analysis in respect of appearance, colour, texture, taste, aftertaste and overall acceptability gave satisfactory scores. The microbiological safety of treated peanuts (exclusive and combination of 7 kGy and 360-600 W) was assessed in terms of total bacterial count, aerobic spore count, and yeast and mould count. The microbiological load was completely eliminated after exclusive gamma irradiation or the combination treatments. Combination treatment (7 kGy and 600 W) demonstrated 71 to 87% reduction in AFB1 from naturally contaminated peanuts and is recommended for further commercial application.
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The experience of immunotherapy in lung cancer: an audit of patients receiving first-line immunotherapy for metastatic small cell lung cancer in South Tees between June 2016 and December 2017. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Audit of outcomes of patients with stage III NSCLC (TNM VII) who were treated with radical RT or high-dose palliative radiotherapy between January 2017 and July 2017. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Enigmatic Phenomenon of Secondary Association among Bivalents in Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.). CYTOL GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452718060075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Socioeconomic status and demographic assessment of advanced cancer patients in palliative care department of a tertiary care centre: Observational study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy440.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Outcome of small cell carcinoma of esophagus: An institutional experience from North-East India. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy432.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Targeting the paracrine hormone-dependent guanylate cyclase/cGMP/phosphodiesterases signaling pathway for colorectal cancer prevention. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 56:168-174. [PMID: 30189250 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related-deaths. The risk of development of CRC is complex and multifactorial, and includes disruption of homeostasis of the intestinal epithelial layer mediated though dysregulations of tumor suppressing/promoting signaling pathways. Guanylate cyclase 2C (GUCY2C), a membrane-bound guanylate cyclase receptor, is present in the apical membranes of intestinal epithelial cells and maintains homeostasis. GUCY2C is activated upon binding of paracrine hormones (guanylin and uroguanylin) that lead to formation of cyclic GMP from GTP and activation of downstream signaling pathways that are associated with normal homeostasis. Dysregulation/suppression of the GUCY2C-mediated signaling promotes CRC tumorigenesis. High-calorie diet-induced obesity is associated with deficiency of guanylin expression and silencing of GUCY2C-signaling in colon epithelial cells, leading to tumorigenesis. Thus, GUCY2C agonists, such as linaclotide, exhibit considerable role in preventing CRC tumorigenesis. However, phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are elevated in intestinal epithelial cells during CRC tumorigenesis and block GUCY2C-mediated signaling by degrading cyclic GMP to 5`-GMP. PDE5-specific inhibitors, such as sildenafil, show considerable anti-tumorigenic potential against CRC by amplifying the GUCY2C/cGMP signaling pathway, but cannot achieve complete anti-tumorigenic effects. Hence, dual targeting the elevation of cGMP by providing paracrine hormone stimuli to GUCY2C and by inhibition of PDEs may be a better strategy for CRC prevention than alone. This review delineates the involvement of the GUCY2C/cGMP/PDEs signaling pathway in the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells. Further, the events are associated with dysregulation of this pathway during CRC tumorigenesis are also discussed. In addition, current updates on targeting the GUCY2C/cGMP/PDEs pathway with GUCY2C agonists and PDEs inhibitors for CRC prevention and treatment are described in detail.
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Rare Cause of Bright Red Gross Hematuria in a Child. Indian J Nephrol 2018; 28:327-328. [PMID: 30158757 PMCID: PMC6094826 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_147_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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A Review of Medical Image Segmentation Algorithms. EAI ENDORSED TRANSACTIONS ON PERVASIVE HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.4108/eai.12-4-2021.169184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Microvesicles in hepatic and peripheral vein can predict nonresponse to corticosteroid therapy in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1151-1161. [PMID: 29460445 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alcoholic hepatitis patients have high mortality and limited response to corticosteroids. Microvesicles reflect cellular stress and disease conditions. AIMS To investigate whether microvesicles are associated with severity, response to steroid therapy and inflammation in severe alcoholic hepatitis. METHODS Microvesicles originating from different cells were studied pre-therapy in 101 patients; (71 responder to corticosteroid therapy and 30 nonresponders) and 20 healthy controls. Microvesicles and cells were determined in peripheral and hepatic vein samples using flow cytometry and correlated with outcomes. Inflammatory signalling pathways and functional alterations of immune cells after stimulation with microvesicles were also investigated. RESULTS Microvesicles mean levels were higher in nonresponders for T cells (CD3+ CD4+ ; 10.1 MV/μL vs 5.4; P = 0.06), macrophages (CD68+ CD11b+ ; 136.5 vs 121.9 MV/μL; P = 0.01), haematopoietic stem-cells (CD45+ CD34+ ; 116.8 vs 13.4 MV/μL; P = 0.0001) and hepatocytes (ASGPR+ ; 470 vs 361 MV/μL; P = 0.01); the latter two predicting steroid nonresponse in 94% patients at baseline in peripheral plasma. Microvesicle levels correlated with histological and liver disease severity indices. Whereas, in non-responders hepatic vein CD34+ cells were lower (P = 0.02), the CD34+ microvesicles there from were higher (P = 0.04), thus suggesting impaired regeneration. Also, microvesicles of 0.2-0.4 μm size were higher in nonresponders (P < 0.03) at baseline. Microvesicles from patients trigger more (P = 0.04) ROS generation, TNF-α production (P = 0.04) and up-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokine related genes in neutrophils in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Pre-therapy peripheral plasma levels of CD34+ and ASGPR+ microvesicles are reliable non-invasive markers of steroid nonresponse and mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.
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Water-Mediated One-pot Three-Component Synthesis of Hydrazinyl-Thiazoles Catalyzed by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Dispersed on Titanium Dioxide Support: A Green Catalytic Process. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rehabilitative experience with motor imagery in progressive supranuclear palsy - A case report. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.11.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Difficult Vascular Access in a Patient on Chronic Hemodialysis. Indian J Nephrol 2018; 28:330-332. [PMID: 30158759 PMCID: PMC6094827 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_259_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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