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Xu J, Li Y, Zhong G, Fang Z, Liu C, Ma C, Wang C, Guo Y, Liu C. [Directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into midbrain]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:175-182. [PMID: 36946035 PMCID: PMC10034547 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish an efficient protocol for directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into functional midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cells (DAPs) in vitro. METHODS hiPSCs were induced to differentiate into DAPs in two developmental stages. In the first stage (the first 13 days), hiPSCs were induced into intermediate cells morphologically similar to primitive neuroepithelial cells (NECs) in neural induction medium containing a combination of small molecule compounds. In the second stage, the intermediate cells were further induced in neural differentiation medium until day 28 to obtain DAPs. After CM-DiI staining, the induced DAPs were stereotactically transplanted into the right medial forebrain bundle (MFB) of rat models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Eight weeks after transplantation, the motor behaviors of PD rats was evaluated. Immunofluorescence assay of brain sections of the rats was performed at 2 weeks after transplantation to observe the survival, migration and differentiation of the transplanted cells in the host brain microenvironment. RESULTS hiPSCs passaged stably on Matrigel showed a normal diploid karyotype, expressed the pluripotency markers OCT4, SOX2, and Nanog, and were positive for alkaline phosphatase. The primitive neuroepithelial cells obtained on day 13 formed dense cell colonies in the form of neural rosettes and expressed the neuroepithelial markers (SOX2, Nestin, and PAX6, 91.3%-92.8%). The DAPs on day 28 highly expressed the specific markers (TH, FOXA2, LMX1A and NURR1, 93.3-96.7%). In rat models of PD, the hiPSCs-DAPs survived and differentiated into TH+, FOXA2+ and Tuj1+ neurons at 2 weeks after transplantation. Eight weeks after transplantation, the motor function of PD rats was significantly improved as shown by water maze test (P < 0.0001) and apomorphine-induced rotation test (P < 0.0001) compared with rats receiving vehicle injection. CONCLUSION HiPSCs can be effectively induced to differentiate into DAPs capable of differentiating into functional neurons both in vivo and in vitro. In rat models of PD, the transplanted hiPSCs-DAPs can survive for more than 8 weeks in the MFB and differentiate into multiple functional neurocytes to ameliorate neurological deficits of the rats, suggesting the potential value of hiPSCs-DAPs transplantation for treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Y Li
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - G Zhong
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Z Fang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - C Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - C Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - C Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Y Guo
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - C Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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Zhong G, Ho SHK, Wong SJ. Environmental impact of high-flow nasal oxygenation. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:653. [PMID: 36632637 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - S H K Ho
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - S J Wong
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Zhong G, Massey L, Thomas S, Ghosh B. 235 Assessing coding of diagnosis for atypical parkinsonian syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-abn.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundAtypical Parkinsonian syndromes, including Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS), are rare neurodegenerative diseases. Reports showed that the use of the health services for patients with these diseases is underestimated. The NHS uses International Classification of Disease revision 10 (ICD-10) to code health use which has led to error in patient data for these diseases, as they are relatively new entries to this system and there were changes in coding practice in 2016.AimsTo retrospectively investigate the scale of miscoding of PSP, MSA and CBS in England since the introduction of ICD-10.MethodsFreedom of information requests were issued to 150 NHS trusts in England to investigate their method of coding and determine the coding error rate.ResultsThe coding error rates prior to, and after 2016 respectively were: 29.5%, 0% (PSP); 3.8%, 2.3% (MSA); 24.2%, 24.2% (CBS). The indexing for CBS is difficult as no specific coding exists for CBS in ICD-10.ConclusionThe high error rate for PSP is contributed by miscoding of PSP (G23.1) as MND (G12.2), due to the coding techniques employed. These errors have largely been rectified in later versions of ICD-10 with the exception of CBS.ggz1g17@soton.ac.uk
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Wu X, Zhong G, Wang H, Zhu J. Temporal association between antibiotic use and resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e239323. [PMID: 34524371 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.239323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-lactam/lactamase inhibitors (BLBLIs) combination drugs are considered an effective alternative to carbapenems. However, there is a growing concern that the increased use of BLBLIs may lead to increased resistance. This study determined the temporal association between the consumption of BLBLI and the antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. In this retrospective study, electronic data on the Gram-negative bacterial isolates, including A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae from in-patients and susceptibility testing results were retrieved from the medical records of the clinical laboratory. A linear regression and cross-correlation analysis were performed on the acquired data. Increasing trends (p<0.05) in the consumption of BIBLI and carbapenem with a median use of 27.68 and 34.46 DDD/1000 PD per quarter were observed, respectively. A decreased trend (p=0.023) in the consumption of fluoroquinolones with a median use of 29.13 DDD/1000 PD per quarter was observed. The resistance rate of K. pneumoniae was synchronized with the BIBLI and carbapenem consumptions with a correlation coefficient of 0.893 (p=0.012) and 0.951 (p=0.016), respectively. The cross-correlation analysis against the consumption of BIBLI and meropenem resistant K. pneumoniae was peaked at 0-quarter lag (r=951, p=0.016). There was an increasing trend in the consumption of BLBLI and carbapenems. The increasing trend in the rates of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam, in line with the increasing consumption of BLBLI, suggests that BLBLI has to be used with caution and cannot be directly considered as a long-term alternative to carbapenems.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Central South University, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - G Zhong
- Haikou Hospital of the Maternal and Child Health, Department of Pharmacy, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - H Wang
- Hainan Provincial People's Hospital (Hainan Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College), Department of Health Management Centre, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - J Zhu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liang WL, Li HG, Zhong G, Wang BS, Ma JD, Chen JL, Mao HW, Yu-Lung YL, Lee PH. [Targeted therapy of pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne syndrome (PAPA): a case report and literature review]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:977-981. [PMID: 33256319 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200430-00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical course and targeted therapy of pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome. Methods: The clinical history of a 6-year-old boy with PAPA syndrome, who was admitted to Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital in September 2017, was reviewed. His genetic diagnosis was confirmed by whole exome sequencing. The response to targeted therapy was evaluated by comparing the inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) and serum cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) before and after biological agents treatment. For literature review, "PAPA syndrome" and"PSTPIP1 gene"were used as keywords to retrieve papers published from January 1997 to December 2019 from Pubmed, Wanfang and CNKI database. Results: The patient was a 6-year-old boy, admitted to the hospital due to recurrent joint swelling and pain for more than 4 years. Before treatment, the CRP (256 mg/L), ESR (105 mm/1 h) and cytokines including serum TNF-α (7.43 ng/L), IL-1 (<5 ng/L), IL-6 (301 ng/L) were significantly elevated. Culture of the joint effusion was negative, but the IL-6 level was above 1 000 ng/L. MRI showed osteomyelitis at the lower end of the right femur. Gene detection found a heterozygous variation of PSTPIP1 gene (c.748G>A, p.E250K). Arthralgia once alleviated after the initiation of tocilizumab and infliximab, but recurred after 1 year of treatment. Thereafter, the anti-IL-1 receptor antagonist (Anakinra) was commenced, followed by a significant improvement of the arthralgia, and a complete remission during the follow-up. Besides, the level of CRP, ESR, serum TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were all decreased to normal on the last followed up in December 2019. Literature review found 29 articles and 87 patients in total. The initial symptoms included those of arthritis (n=58), pyoderma gangrenosum (n=33), and acne (n=24). Among all the cases, 13 genotypes were confirmed, and 47 variations involved amino acid p.E250. Steroid and/or biological agents were used in most patients. Conclusions: PAPA syndrome should be suspected in children with recurrent pyogenic sterile arthritis, and an early diagnosis could be achieved by genetic test. Targeted treatment with biological agent may control the symptoms effectively. Biological agents can control symptoms of this disorder effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Liang
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - H G Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - G Zhong
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - B S Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - J D Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - J L Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - H W Mao
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Y L Yu-Lung
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - P H Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Huang J, Yang B, Tan J, Zhou S, Chen Z, Zhong G, Gao H, Zhu J, Zeng J, Zhong L, Liu X, Han F. Gastric cancer nodal tumour-stroma ratios influence prognosis. Br J Surg 2020; 107:1713-1718. [PMID: 33090456 PMCID: PMC7702113 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study showed that nodal tumour-stroma ratio (NTSR) is an independent prognostic factor for overall and disease-free survival of patients with gastric cancer. Both relative stroma-rich primary tumour-stroma ratio (PTSR) and NTSR were independent negative prognostic factors for overall survival in gastric cancer. This study supports assessment of tumour-stroma ratio in the routine pathological diagnosis of gastric cancer. validated in node-positive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - B Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - G Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Liu
- Zhu Jiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - F Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhong G, Su Y, Lin T. circRIP2 accelerates bladder cancer progression via miR-1305/Tgf-β2/smad3 pathway. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Peng X, Dasgupta S, Zhong G, Du M, Xu H, Chen M, Chen S, Ta K, Li J. Large debris dumps in the northern South China Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 142:164-168. [PMID: 31232290 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the abundance, source, and fate of marine debris in the deep sea is largely constrained thus far. Here, we report the existence of large deep-sea debris dumps that have not been reported before on the seafloor worldwide. Marine debris remarkably accumulated at ~1700-1800 m in the tributary submarine canyons of the Xisha Trough, northern South China Sea (SCS). Although marine debris in Xisha Trough is patchy, the debris abundance was as high as 36,818 and 51,929 items/km2 at locations SY78 and SY82, respectively, which is one order of magnitude higher than that in other submarine canyons. We propose that most of the debris came from fishery and navigation activities, as indicated by the categories of debris collected from the seafloor dumps. Seasonal surface ocean currents of the SCS and geomorphology of submarine canyons possibly influence the movement of the debris from coasts to the deep seafloor.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Peng
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - S Dasgupta
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China.
| | - G Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - M Du
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - H Xu
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - M Chen
- Institute of Marine Geology and Resources, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China; Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - S Chen
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - K Ta
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - J Li
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
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Li X, Guan L, Zilundu PLM, Chen J, Chen Z, Ma M, Zhuang H, Zhuang Z, Qiu Y, Ye F, Wu X, Sang H, Ye Y, Han Y, Yao H, Li H, Zhong G, Wu H, Jiang Z, Chu G, Xu D, Zhou L. The applied anatomy and clinical significance of the proximal, V1 segment of vertebral artery. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2019; 78:710-719. [PMID: 30949997 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2019.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to probe the morphological features of the proximal segment (V1) of vertebral artery (VA) in a sample of Chinese cadavers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The origin, course and outer diameter at origin of the pre-vertebral part of the VAs were evaluated in 119 adult cadavers. RESULTS It was found that 94.12% of the VAs originated from the subclavian arteries, bilaterally. The variant origins were present in 5.88% of the cadavers and all originated directly from the arch of the aorta. All the variations were observed on the left side of male cadavers. The average outer diameters at origin of the normal and variation groups were 4.35 ± 1.00 mm and 4.82 ± ± 1.42 mm, respectively, p = 0.035. In the normal group, but not in the variation group, the average diameter in the males was significantly larger than that in the females (4.50 ± 0.99 mm, 3.92 ± 0.92 mm, respectively, p = 0.000). In addition, only 5 cadavers in the normal group had hypoplastic VAs (4.20%, 4 males, 3 right-sided). Vertebral artery dominance (VAD) was present in 91 (69 males) out of 112 cadavers and more common on the left (n = 48). In addition, 3 cadavers satisfied conditions for coexistence of VAD and vertebral artery hypoplasia. All 7 cadavers in the variation group exhibited VAD, which was more common on the right side (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS The morphologic variations and frequencies described above have implications for the early prevention, abnormal anatomy detection, accurate diagnosis, safe surgery and endovascular treatment of cardiovascular and neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - L Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Prince L M Zilundu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - J Chen
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z Chen
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - M Ma
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Zhuang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z Zhuang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Qiu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - F Ye
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - X Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Sang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Ye
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Han
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Yao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - G Zhong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z Jiang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - G Chu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - D Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.,Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
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Guan Y, He F, Wu J, Zhao L, Wang X, Huang L, Zeng G, Ren B, Chen J, Liao X, Ma Z, Chen X, Zhong G, Huang M, Zhao X. A long-acting pegylated recombinant human growth hormone (Jintrolong ® ) in healthy adult subjects: Two single-dose trials evaluating safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics. J Clin Pharm Ther 2018; 43:640-646. [PMID: 29959799 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Jintrolong® is a pegylated recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (PEG-rhGH) developed for weekly subcutaneous (sc) injection. The current human tolerability trial and pharmacokinetics (PK) trial evaluated the safety, tolerability and PK of single-dose Jintrolong® injection in healthy adult subjects. METHODS Both trials were single-centre, randomized, open-label and single-dose studies. In the human tolerability trial, 34 healthy subjects were randomized to receive single-dose Jintrolong® sc injection (0.01, 0.06, 0.2, 0.5 or 0.8 mg/kg) or placebo. In the PK study, 30 healthy male subjects were evenly randomized into 3 groups to receive single-dose Jintrolong® sc injection (0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg), and the subjects receiving 0.4 mg/kg Jintrolong® were given a single sc injection of conventional rhGH (0.067 mg/kg) after a 14-day washout period. Safety and PK profiles of Jintrolong® were evaluated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Jintrolong® was well tolerated with no serious adverse events or local injection responses. The PK trial showed that the plasma growth hormone concentration elevated quickly and stayed at peak level between 12 and 48 hours post-Jintrolong® injection, then decreased gradually back to baseline within 168 hours. Compared to single-dose conventional rhGH, Jintrolong® at all doses demonstrated significantly longer half time and time to maximum plasma concentration, lower clearance and higher systemic drug exposure, indicating prolonged presence of GH in the subjects' circulation. Additionally, systemic exposure to Jintrolong® increased in a dose-dependent manner. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Single-dose Jintrolong® injection was well tolerated in healthy adult subjects, and the maximum tolerable dose was no lower than 0.8 mg/kg. Jintrolong® was long-acting with the potential for weekly administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guan
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - F He
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Wu
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Zhao
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Wang
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Huang
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - G Zeng
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - B Ren
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - G Zhong
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Huang
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Zhao
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen L, Zhao W, Zhong G, Watts C, Gunn JP, Liu X, Lian Y, DLP Team. Thermal Analysis on Various Design Concepts of ITER Divertor Langmuir Probes. Fusion Science and Technology 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1415614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Chen
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610025, China
| | - W. Zhao
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610025, China
| | - G. Zhong
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610025, China
| | - C. Watts
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | | | - X. Liu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610025, China
| | - Y. Lian
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610025, China
| | - DLP Team
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610025, China
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12
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Chen Y, Yan S, Xu M, Zhong G, Liebeskind DS, Lou M. More extensive white matter hyperintensity is linked with higher risk of remote intracerebral hemorrhage after intravenous thrombolysis. Eur J Neurol 2017; 25:380-e15. [PMID: 29115734 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Chen
- Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - S. Yan
- Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - M. Xu
- Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - G. Zhong
- Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | | | - M. Lou
- Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
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Zhong G, Xiao Y, Zhou W, Pan W, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Jiang Y. Value of endorectal ultrasonography in measuring the extent of mesorectal invasion and substaging of T3 stage rectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5657-5663. [PMID: 29113193 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the value of endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for T3 rectal cancer, and substaging of T3 rectal cancer by measuring the extent of mesorectal invasion (EMI). The clinical data of patients with rectal cancer who were admitted to the general surgical department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Beijing, China) were reviewed and analyzed. Two ultrasound practitioners independently measured the EMI on ERUS, and a radiologist measured the EMI on MRI. The consistency of ERUS measurements between the two doctors was assessed using intraclass consistency (ICC) analysis. T3 stages were subdivided into T3a (EMI ≤5 mm) and uT3b (EMI >5 mm). The accuracy of MRI and ERUS in T3 rectal cancer, and T3 substaging of rectal cancer was assessed and compared according to the pathological results. The Bland-Altman scatter plot demonstrated good consistency between the ERUS measurement and pathology measurement. Furthermore, the consistency of the ERUS measurement between the two doctors was good (ICC, 0.9344; 95% confidence interval, 0.8789-0.9645). The diagnostic accuracies for T3 rectal cancer, for the two ultrasound doctors and for MRI were 86.9% (53/61), 85.2% (52/61), and 90.2% (55/61), respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for the two individual ultrasound doctors in the substaging of T3 tumors were 79.1% (34/43), 66.7% (10/15), and 85.7% (24/28), compared with 67.4% (31/43), 60% (9/15), and 82.1% (23/28), respectively. The accuracy of MRI in the substaging of T3 tumors was 86.0% (37/43), which was not statistically higher compared with those of ERUS (P>0.05). In conclusion, ERUS is a valuable tool for measuring the EMI and substaging T3 rectal cancer, and thus, can be complementary to MRI in selecting the appropriate treatment for rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxi Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Weixun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Pan
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Qingli Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Liu Q, Zhong G, Zhou W, Lin G. Initial application of transanal endoscopic microsurgery for high-risk lower rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor after imatinib mesylate neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7538. [PMID: 28723770 PMCID: PMC5521910 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The lower rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare entity and warrants special attentions because of the considerations of preserving of anal and urinal functions. Neoadjuvant therapy with imatinib mesylate (IM) has achieved great success in GIST, which potentially extends the applications of function-preserving minimally invasive surgical procedures. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is a well-developed minimally invasive technique for benign tumors in lower rectum. Herein, we reported the initial application of TEM for high risk GIST after IM treatment. PATIENT CONCERNS A 52-year-old woman suffered mild lower abdominal pain and perianal discomfort. Physical examination found a soft mass 4 cm far away from anal verge. Rectal MRI and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) showed that there was a 1.9 × 1.6 cm submucosal mass in the lower rectum. The incisional biopsy was performed and the pathological result reported it was a high-risk GIST. DIAGNOSES High-risk lower rectal GIST. INTERVENTIONS IM was given for neoadjuvant therapy. Then TEM was adopted to resect the residual tumor. IM was restored 4 weeks after surgery. OUTCOMES The final pathological results reported the margin was clear. After an 18-month follow up, no recurrence and metastasis was found and the patient had a satisfactory anal and urinal functions. LESSONS TEM in combination with IM could be a practical strategy for the high-risk lower rectal GIST simultaneously to achieve curative resection and to preserve the anal and urinal functions that can significantly improve the life quality of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weixun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Abstract
The Diels-Alder reaction is a quintessential type of [4+2] cycloaddition that remains one of the most intriguing transformations in synthetic chemistry. This reaction has long been envisaged to participate in the biosynthesis of a number of cyclohexene-containing natural products, although the question of whether a bona fide Diels-Alderase exists remains unsolved. In nature, there are remarkably few enzymes known to have the activity of [4+2] cycloaddition. These enzymes are phylogenetically distinct and are often classified according to the specific chemical structures. The variation of protein ancestors and in many cases the instability/complexity of the substrates and products pose a significant challenge in identification of the [4+2] cycloaddition catalysts using general homology-based mining approaches. We here provide the detailed description of the multiple comparison-based strategy and methods for the characterization of two distinct types of dedicated [4+2] cyclases (eg, PyrE3 and PyrI4) in the biosynthesis of spirotetramates and spirotetronates, where they act in tandem for coordinated cross-bridging of a linear polyene intermediate into a enantiomerically pure pentacyclic core. The search of new protein scaffolds with the [4+2] cycloaddition activity could enrich the pool of the candidates for mechanistic examination of a true enzymatic Diels-Alder reaction. The protocols presented in this study would also be applicable to the study of other functionally similar but phylogenetically different proteins, eg, the spiroketal cyclases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - G Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Z Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - W Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China; Huzhou Center of Bio-Synthetic Innovation, Huzhou, PR China.
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Zhao Z, Chen J, Peng W, Wang X, Chen Z, Tang H, Liang Y, Ma Z, Chen J, Chen X, Zhong G, Huang M. Single- and Multiple-dose Pharmacokinetic, Safety and Tolerability Study of Mildronate Injection in Healthy Chinese Subjects Pharmacokinetic of Mildronate Injection. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2015; 66:251-6. [PMID: 26697890 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1569297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mildronate is an agent for cardioprotection and neuroprotection. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, safety and tolerability of mildronate injection after single escalating doses and multiple doses in healthy Chinese subjects. We performed a randomized, open-label, single- and multiple-dose phase I trial including 3 doses of mildronate: 250, 500 and 750 mg. Plasma and urine samples were collected and concentrations of mildronate were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). PK parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis. Safety and tolerability was assessed throughout noting subjects' vital signs and monitoring adverse events (AEs) and conduct a comprehensive physical examination and laboratory analyses before and after the study. There was no significant difference in C 0, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ among 3 single-dose groups, whereas T 1/2 had significant statistical difference which may be caused by the inhibition of metabolic enzymes. Single- and multiple-dose intravenous injection of mildronate exhibited linear PK profiles in the range of 250-750 mg. An unconspicuous accumulation phenomenon was found after multiple-dose mildronate administration. No significant gender difference was found and mildronate is primarily excreted by the kidney. No serious AEs were observed. The formulation was safe and well tolerated from 250 to 750 mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhao
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Campus, Sun Yat-*Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guang Zhou, China
| | - J Chen
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Campus, Sun Yat-*Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guang Zhou, China
| | - W Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Chang Sha, China
| | - X Wang
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Campus, Sun Yat-*Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guang Zhou, China
| | - Z Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou, China
| | - H Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou, China
| | - Y Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou, China
| | - Z Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou, China
| | - J Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou, China
| | - X Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou, China
| | - G Zhong
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Campus, Sun Yat-*Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guang Zhou, China
| | - M Huang
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Campus, Sun Yat-*Sen University, Yuexiu District, Guang Zhou, China
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Xiao Y, Xue H, Zhong G, Zhou W, Xu L, Du X, Zhang G, Wu B, Lin G, Qiu H. [Predictive value of preoperative imaging and postoperative pathology on clinical complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2015; 18:474-477. [PMID: 26013867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy and clinical significance of clinical complete response (cCR) after neoadjuvant themoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS Locally advanced rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy following radical resection were retrospectively assessed for tumor response during 2005 to 2014 from the database of colorectal cancer. The concomitant preoperative chemoradiation consisted of 50 Gy radiation, fractionated within 5 weeks and 5-FU combined with oxaliplatin. Endorectal ultrasound and MRI were applied to preoperative staging, and postoperative gross pathologic inspection was retrospectively employed to evaluate the status of clinical complete response(cCR). RESULTS A total of 227 patients undergoing radical surgery were enrolled in the study. Complete pathological response (ypT0N0, pCR) was found in 40 patients(17.6%) by postoperative pathologic examination while the rate of node involved in ypT0 patients was 11.1%. The preoperative rectal MRI was more sensitive to correlate ypT0 than endorectal ultrasound and gross pathologic inspection(60.0% vs 19.4% and 17.8%), but the accuracy and specificity showed no significant differences among these three tests. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed preoperative MRI evaluation of cT0 might predict ypT0 independently(OR=4.975, 95% CI: 1.073 to 23.067, P=0.040). CONCLUSION It is difficult to diagnose the primary tumor to be a cCR status based on preoperative MRI, EUS, or ulceration of rectal mucosa, and further to predict pCR. Preoperative MRI is more sensitive. The strategy of "wait and see" for cCR patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiation should be seriously considered in the decision-making before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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18
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Zhong G, Xiao Y, Zhang J, Dai Q, Li J, Jiang Y. [Value of endorectal ultasound in predicting the circumferential resection margin and maximum tumor thickness of T3 rectal cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2015; 18:252-256. [PMID: 25809329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) in predicting the circumferential resection margin (CRM) and maximum tumor thickness (MTT) of in T3 rectal cancer. METHODS Clinicl data of 53 patients with pT3 rectal cancer admitted to the Department of General Surgery in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from June 2011 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. CRM and MTT measured by ERUS were compared with corresponding pathologic measurements to assess the accuracy of ERUS diagnosis. RESULTS ERUS correctly predicted CRM status in 52 patients (98.1%, 52/53), whose sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 97.8%, positive predictive value was 85.7%, and negative predictive value was 100%. ERUS correctly predicted MTT status in 51 patients (96.2%, 51/53), whose sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 95.5%, positive predictive value was 66.6%, and negative predictive value was 100%. In the Bland and Altman plot, the agreement between ERUS and pathology was good. CONCLUSION Endorectal ultrasonography can accurately diagnose CRM and MTT, which can satisfy the clinical need for preoperative staging of rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxi Zhong
- Department of Ultrasonography, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Meidcal College, Beijing 100730, China.
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Zhong G, Li H, Shan T, Zhang N. Genetic variability of DNA repair mechanisms in chemotherapy treatment outcome of gastric cancer patients. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:17228-34. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.16.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Campbell J, Huang Y, Liu Y, Schenken R, Zhong G. Luciferase imaging of chylamdia muridarum ascending infection in mice. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Hu W, Xie W, Chen S, Zhang N, Zou Y, Dong X, Rashid M, Xiao Y, Hu M, Zhong G. Separation of Cis- and Trans-Cypermethrin by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:612-8. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Xiao Y, Wu B, Qiu H, Xiong G, Lin G, Zhong G, Hu K, Pan W. [Effects of tumor distance from anal verge and types of operations on survival outcomes for low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2014; 94:1705-1709. [PMID: 25151899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on survival outcomes of low rectal cancer after sphincter-preserving or removing surgery. METHODS A total of 135 patients with rectal cancer within 10 cm from anal verge after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were enrolled into this retrospective study from 2005 to 2012 at a single institute. There were 79 males and 56 females with a mean age of (58 ± 12) years and an average distance of (5.2 ± 2.1) cm from anal verge. The effects of gender, age, distance of tumor from anal verge, surgical procedure, T-stage downstaging, lateral resection margin and post-treatment lymphatic node status on 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) were examined. RESULTS The overall 3-year DFS was 85.2% (115/135). Among 95 sphincter-preserving operations, there were anterior resection (n = 79), anterior perineal plane for ultra low anterior resection (APPEAR) technique (n = 12), Hartmann procedure (n = 3) and Parks procedure (n = 1). Among 40 sphincter-removing operations, there were abdominoperineal resection (APR) procedure (n = 39) and intersphincteric resection(ISR) (n = 1). The survival of patients undergoing sphincter-preserving or removing procedures did not differ in 3-year DFS (85.3% (81/95) vs 85.0% (34/40) , χ(2) = 0.000, P = 0.985) . Lateral resection margin and post-treatment lymphatic node status significantly affected DFS. The differential level from anal verge showed a trend of close relationship to 3-year DFS (81.5% (22/27) for 2-3 cm, 82.5% (47/57) for 4-5 cm vs 95.1% (39/41) for 6-7 cm), but without statistic significance (χ(2) = 3.111, 3.522; P = 0.078, 0.061). The survival rate for patients with sphincter-preserving at 6-7 cm from anal verge was significantly higher than that at 4-5 cm (95.0% (38/40) vs 79.5% (31/39) ,χ(2) = 4.227, P = 0.039) , but showed no differences to that with sphincter-removing at 2-3 cm from anal verge (81.0% (17/21),χ(2) = 2.864, P = 0.091) . The multivariate analysis showed that post-treatment lymphatic node status was the only prognostic factor to 3-year DFS (Wald = 4.454, P = 0.035) . CONCLUSIONS Lateral resection margin and post-treatment lymphatic node status play an important role on DFS for patients with low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The distance from anal verge is correlated with 3-year disease-free survival. Patients with tumor at 4-5 cm from annal verge can not benefit for survival when they get sphincter-preserving operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Huizhong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guangbing Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guole Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guangxi Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weidong Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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Xiao Y, Lu J, Zhong G, Xiong G, Wu B, Lin G, Xue H, Qiu H. [Downstaging correlates the prognosis of rectal cancer after intensified neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2014; 17:547-550. [PMID: 24953359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of downstaging factors on oncologic outcomes in a cohort of patients with rectal cancer after intensified neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. METHODS Clinical and follow-up data of 135 patients with mid-low rectal cancer receiving intensified neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in our hospital from 2005 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Tumor stages before chemoradiotherapy (uTNM) and after surgery (ypTNM) were compared. The therapeutic regimen consisted of 25 fractions of totaled 50 Gy radiation and 2-3 cycles of combination chemotherapy with 5-Fu/capecitabine plus oxaliplatin. Association of 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) with T-stage, N-stage and TNM-stage was examined through the comparison of uTNM and ypTNM. RESULTS The mean follow-up of 135 patients was 37.1 (12 to 87) months. The 3-year DFS was 85.2%. The 3-year DFS of patients with downstaging of T-stage (n=76) was 90.8%, which was significantly better compared to those without downstaging (n=48, 75.0%, P=0.040). The 3-year DFS of patients with downstaging of N-stage (n=54) was 98.1%, which was n=53, better compared to those without downstaging (significantly 77.4%) and those with progressive disease (n=16, 75.0%) (P=0.009). Multivariate analysis showed downstaging in N-stage was a prognostic factor for DFS (HR=0.793, 95%CI:0.626-1.004, P=0.054). CONCLUSIONS Patients with pathologic downstaging in T-stage, N-stage and TNM classification after intensified neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may improve patient survival. Downstaging in N-stage may be an independent predictor of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
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Xiao Y, Lu J, Xiong G, Wu B, Lin G, Zhao L, Liang Z, Zhong G, Hu K, Pan W, Qiu H. [Postoperative pathological staging correlates the prognosis of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2014; 52:99-104. [PMID: 24809516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study assessed the pathological staging features of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and its relation to prognosis. METHODS Pathologic data related to TNM classification were analyzed on the surgical specimens of 135 patients with mid-low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant themoradiotherapy from 2005 to 2012. Tumor invasion, nodal status, local invasive factors (including cancer deposit, radial margin, perivascular or perineural invasion) were investigated with patients' 3-year disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS The overall 3-year DFS was 85.2%, with a pathological complete response (pCR) rate of 19.26%. Three out of 29 patients (10.4%) with ypT0 were found to have positive lymph nodes. There was a trend towards decreased survival as the ypT category and ypTNM staging increased (χ(2) = 14.296 and 52.643, P = 0.006 and 0.000). ypT0-T2 in T category and yp0-I in TNM staging showed a favorable survival above 92%, while the patients with ypT3, or ypIIIB had a comparable lower DFS of 70.2% and 46.7%. DFS in patients with negative lymph node were significantly improved than those with positive nodes (93.5% vs. 66.7%, χ(2) = 34.125, P = 0.000). Patients with or without local invasive factor significantly differed in DFS (42.9% vs. 90.1%, χ(2) = 32.666, P = 0.000) . Cox regression analyze showed that the nodal status (RR = 12.312, 95%CI: 2.828-39.258, P = 0.000) and local invasive factors (RR = 5.422, 95%CI: 1.202-8.493, P = 0.020) were independent risk factors to 3-year survival. As the concept of clinical complete response (cCR) is obscure, there were 27.6% of patients with ypT0 had normal mucosa or no evidence of tumor by EUS or MRI tests before surgery. CONCLUSION Postoperative pathologic staging features were closely associated with patient's prognosis. The increasing of ypT or ypTNM staging was correlated to decreasing of DFS. Nodal status, positive radial margin, perivascular and perineural invasion were independent risk factors to DFS. Since cCR did not correlate and could not predict pCR, the ongoing radical surgery could not be avoided even there was no evidence of tumor existing before operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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Xie R, Zhang C, van der Veen MH, Arstila K, Hantschel T, Chen B, Zhong G, Robertson J. Carbon nanotube growth for through silicon via application. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:125603. [PMID: 23466644 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/12/125603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Through silicon via (TSV) technology is key for next generation three-dimensional integrated circuits, and carbon nanotubes (CNT) provide a promising alternative to metal for filling the TSV. Three catalyst preparation methods for achieving CNT growth from the bottom of the TSV are investigated. Compared with sputtering and evaporation, catalyst deposition using dip-coating in a FeCl2 solution is found to be a more efficient method for realizing a bottom-up filling of the TSV (aspect ratio 5 or 10) with CNT. The CNT bundles grown in 5 min exceed the 50 μm length of the TSV and are multi-wall CNT with three to eight walls. The CNT bundles inside the TSV were electrically characterized by creating a direct contact using a four-point nanoprober setup. A low resistance of the CNT bundle of 69.7 Ω (297 Ω) was measured when the CNT bundle was contacted midway along (over the full length of) the 25 μm deep TSV. The electrical characterization in combination with the good filling of the TSV demonstrates the potential use of CNT in fully integrated TSV applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Xie
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
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Jin J, Liu J, Chen J, Zhao L, Ma Z, Chen X, Huang M, Zhong G. Bioequivalence evaluation of 2 tablet formulations of entecavir in healthy chinese volunteers: a single-dose, randomized-sequence, open-label crossover study. Arzneimittelforschung 2012; 62:113-6. [PMID: 22282264 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A randomized, 2-way crossover study was conducted in healthy Chinese male volunteers to evaluate the bioequivalence of a new generic formulation of entecavir (CAS 142217-69-4) tablets (test) and the available branded formulation (reference) to meet the requirements for marketing the test product in China. Test and reference tablets were administered as a single dose on 2 treatment days separated by a 2-week washout period. Blood samples were collected for a period of 24 h following drug administration. Plasma concentration of entecavir was determined by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental model. Bioequivalence was determined by calculating 90% CIs for the ratios of Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ values for the test and reference products. Tolerability was assessed by monitoring vital signs, laboratory tests and interviews with the volunteers before administration and every 2 h during the study. The 90% CIs of entecavir for Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ were 95.2-106.9%, 98.4-104.6% and 97.3-104.4%, respectively, which fell within the interval of 80-125%. No clinically important adverse effects were reported. These results suggested that the test formulation of entecavir tablets met the regulatory criterion for bioequivalence to the reference formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Chen P, Song J, Luo LH, Zhong G, Xiao HJ, Gong SS. Abnormal motor reflexes and dormant facial motor neurons in rats with facial-facial anastomosis. J Int Med Res 2009; 37:705-16. [PMID: 19589254 DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
After facial nerve injury, some post-paralysis sequelae, such as synkinesis, hemispasm and 'crocodile tears' syndrome appear. The psychosocial impact of these sequelae is unavoidable. Despite recent advances and the growing popularity of this field, the pathophysiological mechanisms of facial nerve injury and regeneration are still not well understood. In this report, an abnormal motor reflex coincident with synkinetic facial movement was examined in a rat model using the blink reflex technique. Some dormant facial motor neurons were found which could not innervate through the suture site but remained alive. These results suggest that such dormant neurons might exert roles distinct from those of re-innervated neurons during facial nerve injury and regeneration. Further study is required to elucidate the biomolecular structure and electrophysiological features of such neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Lu M, Zhu D, Lu Y, Hou Y, Tan B, Zhong G. Organocatalytic asymmetric alpha-aminoxylation/aza-Michael reactions for the synthesis of functionalized tetrahydro-1,2-oxazines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:10013. [PMID: 19072787 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200890274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Robertson J, Hofmann S, Cantoro M, Parvez A, Ducati C, Zhong G, Sharma R, Mattevi C. Controlling the catalyst during carbon nanotube growth. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2008; 8:6105-6111. [PMID: 19198352 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.sw08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have recently been able to grow single-walled carbon nanotubes by purely thermal chemical vapour deposition (CVD) at temperatures as low as 400 degrees C. This has been achieved by separating the catalyst pre-treatment step from the growth step. In the pre-treatment step, a thin film catalyst is re-arranged into a series of nano-droplets, which are then the active catalysts. Both steps have been studied by in-situ environmental transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. We have also studied the catalyst yield, the weight of nanotubes grown per weight of transition metal catalyst. Using very thin layers of Fe on Al2O3 support in a remote plasma-assisted CVD, we have achieved yields of order 100,000. This may be due to control of catalyst poisoning by ensuring an etching path.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Robertson
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
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30
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Mizukami M, Zhong G, Fukuchi I, Zhang L, Kurihara K. In situpolymerization of molecular macroclusters on silica: poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) nano-films. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308081981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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31
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Dong X, Fan Y, Zhong G, Long J, Xiu K, Wang B, Zhang M. Osseointegration of titatinum implant for the transfermoral prosthesis—Animal study. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)84903-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Zhong G, Wang J, Xu M, Xie Z, Yu M, Wang J, Zhou T, Gong W, Sun Y, Hu M, Zhang X, Shen B, Guo N. Enhanced Maturation and Functional Capacity of Dendritic Cells Induced by Mannosylated L2 Domain of ErbB2 Receptor. Scand J Immunol 2005; 62:108-16. [PMID: 16101816 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.01642.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The nature of antigens and functional state of dendritic cells (DC) are important in antigen presentation. The ability of DC for the induction of T-cell responses is promoted by maturation. It has been confirmed that mannose receptors mediate highly efficient endocytosis and presentation of mannosylated proteins. In the present study, L2 domain of ErbB2 ectodomain was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and mannosylated. The maturation and functional capacity of DC induced by mannosylated L2 (mL2) protein were investigated. The results showed that L2 protein could induce DC maturation, which was accompanied by elevated expression of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules. The effect of mL2 protein on DC maturation was more remarkable than that of non-mL2 proteins. Uptake of mL2 antigens by DC was more efficient. Furthermore, the T cells can be stimulated to proliferate in vitro and secrete Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Higher levels of both IFN-gamma and IL-10 were detected from the T cells stimulated by mL2-pulsed DC, suggesting a concurrent activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The results demonstrated that L2 domain of ErbB2 receptor is an immunodominant molecule. The mL2 domain of ErbB2 can induce an enhanced maturation and functional capacity of DC. It may become an effective strategy to induce anti-ErbB2 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract
We assessed the expression of estrogen receptors (ER)alpha and ERbeta in 114 human endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinomas. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of both ER isoforms in human endometrial tissue by immunohistochemistry. From normal proliferation to simple and complex hyperplasia, the expression of ERalpha was increased (P < 0.05), while ERbeta did not change much (P > 0.05). In atypia hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma, both ERalpha and ERbeta were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Most endometrial adenocarcinomas expressed ERalpha, either alone or in combination with ERbeta, and the ERbeta/ERalpha ratio was decreased when compared to normal proliferation (P < 0.05). Also, we found that the expression of ERalpha and ERbeta has no relationship with the status of lymph node of adenocarcinoma (P > 0.05). Both ERalpha and ERbeta play an important role in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinomas, the levels of ERalpha and ERbeta appear be used as prognostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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Hu K, Zhong G, He F. Expression of estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200505000-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the expression of estrogen receptors (ER)α and ERβ in 114 human endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinomas. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of both ER isoforms in human endometrial tissue by immunohistochemistry. From normal proliferation to simple and complex hyperplasia, the expression of ERα was increased (P < 0.05), while ERβ did not change much (P > 0.05). In atypia hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma, both ERα and ERβ were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Most endometrial adenocarcinomas expressed ERα, either alone or in combination with ERβ, and the ERβ/ERα ratio was decreased when compared to normal proliferation (P < 0.05). Also, we found that the expression of ERα and ERβ has no relationship with the status of lymph node of adenocarcinoma (P > 0.05). Both ERα and ERβ play an important role in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinomas, the levels of ERα and ERβ appear be used as prognostic indicators.
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Zhong G, Tachiki M, Umezawa H, Fujisaki T, Kawarada H, Ohdomari I. Large-Area Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibers by Low-Power Microwave Plasma-Assisted CVD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/cvde.200304168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Prifti S, Lelle I, Zhong G, Strowitzki T, Rabe T. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 expression is not regulated by norgestimate or norelgestromin. Gynecol Endocrinol 2004; 18:23-7. [PMID: 15106361 DOI: 10.1080/09513590310001651740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones regulate endometrial expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors. Synthetic progestins are widely used in oral contraceptives and for hormone replacement therapy. To assess whether the synthetic progestins norgestimate and its derivative norelgestromin (17-deacetylnorgestimate) modulate the expression of MMPs, Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells were separately treated with 17 beta-estradiol, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, norgestimate and norelgestromin. Culture supernatants were assayed for MMPs 2, 3 and 9, and for tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). No marked modulation of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression was observed upon incubation of the cells with the synthetic progestins. By ELISA, neither MMP-3 or MMP-9 nor TIMP-1 immunoreactivity was detected. Interestingly, TIMP-2 expression was down-regulated by 17 beta-estradiol and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prifti
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital, University of Heidelberg. Voss-str. 9, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
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37
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Zhong G, Mantel PL, Jiang X, Jarry-Guichard T, Gros D, Labarrere C, Moreno AP. LacSwitch II regulation of connexin43 cDNA expression enables gap-junction single-channel analysis. Biotechniques 2003; 34:1034-9, 1041-4, 1046. [PMID: 12765030 DOI: 10.2144/03345rr03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic and electrical coupling through gap junction channels is implicated in cell differentiation, tissue homeostasis, and electrotonic propagation of signals in excitable tissues. The characterization of gating properties of these channels requires electrophysiological recordings at both single- and multiple-channel levels. Hence, a system that is able to control connexin expression by external means would provide a useful tool. To regulate the expression of connexins in cells, plasmids encoding a transactivator and/or a lac-operon IPTG response-dependent Cx43 target gene were transfected into communication-deficient N2a neuroblastoma cells. Immunoblotting, dye coupling, and electrophysiological methods revealed that expression of Cx43 in selected clones could be tightly regulated. After 15-20 h of acute induction with IPTG, cell-to-cell communication reached its peak with junctional conductances of 15-30 nS. Chronic induction at specific doses of IPTG produced constant, controlled levels of Cx43 expression, which were reflected by predictable junctional coupling levels. These conditions allowed prolonged recordings from either lowly or highly coupled cells, making lac operon an ideal regulatory system for channel gating studies at a single-channel level.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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38
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Wan F, Zhong G, Liu L. [A textual research on drinking disease and antidrinking remedies]. Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi 2001; 24:203-6. [PMID: 11613253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
This subject is investigated through three aspects, viz., definition of drinking disease, its manifestations and treatment, and recipes and drug for antidrinking. The term "drinking disease" (Jiu Bing) was first recorded in Wang Shuhe's Canon of Pulsology, while abnormal drinking (Jiu Bo) was mentioned in Miraculous Pivot (Ling Shu). On Pathogenesis Manifestation of all diseases (Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun) gives the pathology and etiology. Great influence was exerted from Jin-yuan dynasties concerning its treatment. Zhang Jiebin expounded the comatous syndrome due to drinking (Jiu Jue). The earliest antidrinking drug was recorded in Shen Nong's Classic of Herbology. Through investigation, the commonly applied drug for relieving drunk include Flos Puerariae, Fructus Hovenariae, while the famous recipe for relieving drunk is Anti-tipsy Decoction of Flos Puerariae.
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Wolf K, Fischer E, Mead D, Zhong G, Peeling R, Whitmire B, Caldwell HD. Chlamydia pneumoniae major outer membrane protein is a surface-exposed antigen that elicits antibodies primarily directed against conformation-dependent determinants. Infect Immun 2001; 69:3082-91. [PMID: 11292727 PMCID: PMC98263 DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.5.3082-3091.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of Chlamydia trachomatis serovariants is known to be an immunodominant surface antigen. Moreover, it is known that the C. trachomatis MOMP elicits antibodies that recognize both linear and conformational antigenic determinants. In contrast, it has been reported that the MOMP of Chlamydia pneumoniae is not surface exposed and is immunorecessive. We hypothesized that the discrepancies between C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae MOMP exposure on intact chlamydiae and immunogenic properties might be because the focus of the host's immune response is directed to conformational epitopes of the C. pneumoniae MOMP. We therefore conducted studies aimed at defining the surface exposure of MOMP and the conformational dominance of MOMP antibodies. We present here a description of C. pneumoniae species-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), GZD1E8, which recognizes a conformational epitope on the surface of C. pneumoniae. This MAb is potent in the neutralization of C. pneumoniae infectivity in vitro. Another previously described C. pneumoniae species-specific monoclonal antibody, RR-402, displayed very similar characteristics. However, the antigenic determinant recognized by RR-402 has yet to be identified. We show by immunoprecipitation of C. pneumoniae with GZD1E8 and RR-402 MAbs and by mass spectrometry analysis of immunoprecipitated proteins that both antibodies GZD1E8 and RR-402 recognize the MOMP of C. pneumoniae and that this protein is localized on the surface of the organism. We also show that human sera from C. pneumoniae-positive donors consistently recognize the MOMP by immunoprecipitation, indicating that the MOMP of C. pneumoniae is an immunogenic protein. These findings have potential implications for both C. pneumoniae vaccine and diagnostic assay development.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wolf
- Laboratory of Intracellular Parasites, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratory, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA.
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40
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Abstract
Microbial pathogens have been selected for the capacity to evade or manipulate host responses in order to survive after infection. Chlamydia, an obligate intracellular pathogen and the causative agent for many human diseases, can escape T lymphocyte immune recognition by degrading host transcription factors required for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen expression. We have now identified a chlamydial protease- or proteasome-like activity factor (CPAF) that is secreted into the host cell cytosol and that is both necessary and sufficient for the degradation of host transcription factors RFX5 and upstream stimulation factor 1 (USF-1). The CPAF gene is highly conserved among chlamydial strains, but has no significant overall homology with other known genes. Thus, CPAF represents a unique secreted protein produced by an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen to interfere with effective host adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA.
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Liu L, Hu H, Ji H, Murdin AD, Pierce GN, Zhong G. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection significantly exacerbates aortic atherosclerosis in an LDLR-/- mouse model within six months. Mol Cell Biochem 2000; 215:123-8. [PMID: 11204447 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026531506202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that infection with the C. pneumoniae AR39 strain once monthly for 9 consecutive months significantly exacerbated atherosclerosis in mice with LDL receptor deficiency (LDLR-/-) in the presence of a high cholesterol diet. To further optimize the LDLR-/- mouse model for studying the mechanisms of C. pneumoniae atherogenesis, we have tested a different infection protocol with intranasal inoculation twice monthly for 6 consecutive months in the present study. We found that C. pneumoniae infection for 6 months was sufficient to produce a 130%, significantly greater exacerbation of aortic atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice in the presence of a high cholesterol diet. Mice receiving a high cholesterol diet alone displayed a lesion area index of 18.2 +/- 6.1 (S.D.) while mice treated with both the high cholesterol diet and C. pneumoniae infection had a lesion area index of 41.8 +/- 15.2 (S.D.). However, the chlamydial infection did not significantly alter the mouse serum total cholesterol or the LDL levels induced by the high cholesterol diet. This study not only confirms our previous findings that C. pneumoniae infection can exacerbate aortic atherosclerosis lesion in the LDLR-/- mice, but also further optimizes the LDLR-/- mouse model for future mechanism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Bonilace General Hospital Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Canada
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42
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Kobor MS, Simon LD, Omichinski J, Zhong G, Archambault J, Greenblatt J. A motif shared by TFIIF and TFIIB mediates their interaction with the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain phosphatase Fcp1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20:7438-49. [PMID: 11003641 PMCID: PMC86297 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.20.20.7438-7449.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription by RNA polymerase II is accompanied by cyclic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain (CTD) of its largest subunit. We have used deletion and point mutations in Fcp1p, a TFIIF-interacting CTD phosphatase, to show that the integrity of its BRCT domain, like that of its catalytic domain, is important for cell viability, mRNA synthesis, and CTD dephosphorylation in vivo. Although regions of Fcp1p carboxy terminal to its BRCT domain and at its amino terminus were not essential for viability, deletion of either of these regions affected the phosphorylation state of the CTD. Two portions of this carboxy-terminal region of Fcp1p bound directly to the first cyclin-like repeat in the core domain of the general transcription factor TFIIB, as well as to the RAP74 subunit of TFIIF. These regulatory interactions with Fcp1p involved closely related amino acid sequence motifs in TFIIB and RAP74. Mutating the Fcp1p-binding motif KEFGK in the RAP74 (Tfg1p) subunit of TFIIF to EEFGE led to both synthetic phenotypes in certain fcp1 tfg1 double mutants and a reduced ability of Fcp1p to activate transcription when it is artificially tethered to a promoter. These results suggest strongly that this KEFGK motif in RAP74 mediates its interaction with Fcp1p in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Kobor
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L6, Canada
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43
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Fong IW, Quinn T, Blessing E, Kuo C, Malinverni R, Lauer M, Mawhorter S, Bachmaier K, Rosenfeld M, Taylor C, Zhong G. Collaborative multidisciplinary workshop report: what questions regarding the role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease need to be addressed utilizing animal models? J Infect Dis 2000; 181 Suppl 3:S519-20. [PMID: 10839751 DOI: 10.1086/315637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I W Fong
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8 Canada. fongi@smh. toronto.on.ca
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Zhong G, Ma Q, Shao Z. [Inner-hemangioma ligation and pingyangmycin injection in hemangioma (with 30 cases report)]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2000; 16:133-5. [PMID: 11593684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a simple and safe surgical approach in treating cavernous and racemose hemangioma. METHODS First cross-ligate the hemangioma, as to divide the tumor into independent compartments, them inject pingyangmycin into the compartments respectively. RESULTS There are 30 cases in this group (35 hemangiomas). Twenty-four cases (28 hemangiomas) were totally cured, accounting for 80%; Six cases were improved (7 hemangiomas) for 20%; There was no ineffective case. CONCLUSION "Inner-hemangioma ligation and injection of pingyangmycin" has broad surgical indications, with desirable outcome in treating cavernous and racemose hemangioma, especially those unsuitable for surgery, or ineffective simply by inner-hemangioma injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 2nd Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
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45
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Zhong G, Liu L, Fan T, Fan P, Ji H. Degradation of transcription factor RFX5 during the inhibition of both constitutive and interferon gamma-inducible major histocompatibility complex class I expression in chlamydia-infected cells. J Exp Med 2000; 191:1525-34. [PMID: 10790427 PMCID: PMC2213440 DOI: 10.1084/jem.191.9.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the obligate intracellular pathogen chlamydia can suppress interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression in infected cells by degrading upstream stimulation factor (USF)-1. We now report that chlamydia can also inhibit both constitutive and IFN-gamma-inducible MHC class I expression in the infected cells. The inhibition of MHC class I molecule expression correlates well with degradation of RFX5, an essential downstream transcription factor required for both the constitutive and IFN-gamma-inducible MHC class I expression. We further demonstrate that a lactacystin-sensitive proteasome-like activity identified in chlamydia-infected cell cytosolic fraction can degrade both USF-1 and RFX5. This proteasome-like activity is dependent on chlamydial but not host protein synthesis. Host preexisting proteasomes may not be required for the unique proteasome-like activity. These observations suggest that chlamydia-secreted factors may directly participate in the proteasome-like activity. Efforts to identify the chlamydial factors are underway. These findings provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms of chlamydial evasion of host immune recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E OW3, Canada.
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46
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Karlstrom A, Zhong G, Rader C, Larsen NA, Heine A, Fuller R, List B, Tanaka F, Wilson IA, Barbas CF, Lerner RA. Using antibody catalysis to study the outcome of multiple evolutionary trials of a chemical task. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:3878-83. [PMID: 10760259 PMCID: PMC18110 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.8.3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic aldolase antibodies generated by immunization with two different, but structurally related, beta-diketone haptens were cloned and sequenced to study similarities and differences between independently evolved catalysts. Kinetic and sequence analysis coupled with mutagenesis, structural, and modeling studies reveal that the defining event in the evolution of these catalysts was a somatic mutation that placed a lysine residue in a deep, yet otherwise unrefined, hydrophobic pocket. We suggest that covalent chemistries may be as readily selected from the immune repertoire as the traditional noncovalent interactions that have formed the basis of immunochemistry until this time. Further, we believe that these experiments recapitulate the defining events in the evolution of nature's enzymes, particularly as they relate to chemical mechanism, catalytic promiscuity, and gene duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karlstrom
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and the Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Xu M, Zhong G, Fu Z, Lu L, Li F, Deng Q, Cheng H. Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of obese gene in the Chinese. Chin Med J (Engl) 2000; 113:350-3. [PMID: 11775234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To construct the human obese (ob) cDNA clone in the Chinese, and analyze the expression of the ob gene in adipose tissue of obese, non-obese subjects and nooinsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) Chinese patients. METHODS A ob cDNA clone was isolated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Four groups of Chinese subjects participated in the study: 1) 12 obese subjects [body mass index (BMI): 28.5 +/- 2.3 kg/m2]; 2) 11 non-obese subjects (BMI: 21.0 +/- 1.5 kg/m2); 3) 8 obese NIDDM patients (BMI: 27.0 +/- 1.4 kg/m2); 4) 11 non-obese NIDDM patients (BMI: 21.2 +/- 1.4 kg/m2). The expression of ob gene mRNA in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue was examined using RNA dot blot hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled human ob cDNA probe. The hybridized signals were quantitated by densitometry. RESULTS A full human ob cDNA fragment which included a glutamine codon at +49 was obtained. A base substitution (A to G) in the coding region at position 287 was found, resulting in a glutamine being replaced by an arginine. Expression of the ob gene was significantly higher in Chinese obese subjects compared to non-obese ones (P < 0.05), and positively correlated with the BMI. No significant difference in the amount of ob mRNA was detected between non-diabetic and diabetic groups at the same BMI level. CONCLUSIONS We constructed a full length human ob cDNA clone. The expression of the ob gene was significantly higher in Chinese obese subjects than in non-obese ones. The metabolic and hormonal changes associated with NIDDM are not the main factors regulating the expression of the ob gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Zhong G, Lerner RA, Barbas III. Broadening the Aldolase Catalytic Antibody Repertoire by Combining Reactive Immunization and Transition State Theory: New Enantio- and Diastereoselectivities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999; 38:3738-3741. [PMID: 10649343 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19991216)38:24<3738::aid-anie3738>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nine efficient aldolase antibodies were generated by using hapten 1. This hapten unites reactive immunization and the transition state analogue approach in a single molecule. Characterization of two of these antibodies reveals that they are highly proficient (up to 1000-fold better than any other antibody catalyst) and enantioselective catalysts for aldol and retro-aldol reactions and exhibit enantio- and diastereoselectivities opposite to that of antibody 38C2.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and, The Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10 550, North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
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Zhong G, Wan F. [An outline on the early pharmacetical development before Galen]. Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi 1999; 29:178-82. [PMID: 11624108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The period before Galen (including his time) is known as ancient herbal period of pharmacy, which is an important component in the developing history of pharmacy. Some characteristics and rules about early pharmacy development are reflectd from the origin of pharmacy, Babylonian - Assyrian pharmacy, ancient Egyptian pharmacy, ancient Greek pharmacy and Rome pharmacy in different periods and areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Preclinical College, Beijing University of TCM, Beijing 100029
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Zhong G, Fan T, Liu L. Chlamydia inhibits interferon gamma-inducible major histocompatibility complex class II expression by degradation of upstream stimulatory factor 1. J Exp Med 1999; 189:1931-8. [PMID: 10377188 PMCID: PMC2192973 DOI: 10.1084/jem.189.12.1931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that chlamydiae, which are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens, can inhibit interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression. However, the IFN-gamma-induced IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression is not affected, suggesting that chlamydia may selectively target the IFN-gamma signaling pathways required for MHC class II expression. Chlamydial inhibition of MHC class II expression is correlated with degradation of upstream stimulatory factor (USF)-1, a constitutively and ubiquitously expressed transcription factor required for IFN-gamma induction of class II transactivator (CIITA) but not of IRF-1 and ICAM-1. CIITA is an obligate mediator of IFN-gamma-inducible MHC class II expression. Thus, diminished CIITA expression as a result of USF-1 degradation may account for the suppression of the IFN-gamma-inducible MHC class II in chlamydia-infected cells. These results reveal a novel immune evasion strategy used by the intracellular bacterial pathogen chlamydia that improves our understanding of the molecular basis of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E OW3, Canada.
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