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Rasool S, Alhaithloul HAS, Shahzad S, Rasul F, Lihong W, Shah AN, Nawaz M, Ghafoor A, Aamer M, Hassan MU, Ercisli S, Alharbi RS, Rashed AA, H Qari S. Mitigation of Salinity Stress and Lead Toxicity in Maize by Exogenous Application of the Sorghum Water Extract. ACS Omega 2024; 9:13041-13050. [PMID: 38524408 PMCID: PMC10955715 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The increased concentration of lead (Pb) in soils is a serious threat to human beings and plants all over the world. Salinity stress is also a major issue across the globe, which limits crop productivity. The use of allelochemicals has become an effective strategy to mitigate the toxic effects of abiotic stresses. Sorghum is an important crop grown across the globe, and it also possesses an appreciably allelopathic potential. Therefore, this study was planned to determine the impacts of the sorghum water extract (SWE) on improving maize growth under Pb and salinity stress. The experiment included different treatments; control, SWE (3%), and different levels of Pb and salinity stress; T1: control, T2: 50 mM NaCl, T3: 100 mM NaCl, T4: 250 μM Pb, and T5: 500 μM Pb. Lead and salinity stress reduced the maize growth by the genesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by higher production of malondialdehyde (MDA: 39.1 and 32.28%) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2: 20.62 and 17.81%). Spraying plants with SWE improved the maize growth by increasing antioxidant activities (ascorbate peroxidase: APX, catalase: CAT, peroxidase: POD and superoxide dismutase: SOD), photosynthetic pigments, relative water contents (RWC), osmolyte accumulation (proline, total soluble proteins: TSP, free amino acids: FAA), potassium accumulation, and decreasing MDA, H2O2, sodium, chloride, and Pb accumulation. In conclusion, the application of SWE mitigates adverse impacts of Pb and salinity stresses by improving chlorophyll synthesis and osmolyte accumulation, activating the antioxidant defense system, and preventing the entry of toxic ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehar Rasool
- Department
of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Bahawalnagar 62300, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Sobia Shahzad
- Department
of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Bahawalnagar 62300, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Fahd Rasul
- Department
of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Wang Lihong
- College
of Tourism and Geographic Science, Baicheng
Normal University, Baicheng 137099, Jilin, China
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department
of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed
University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department
of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed
University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asif Ghafoor
- Department
of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Bahawalnagar 62300, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research
Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural
University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research
Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural
University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture
Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkiye
| | - Rayan S. Alharbi
- Biology
Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf A. Rashed
- Biology
Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer H Qari
- Department
of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Alhaithloul HAS, Mohamed ZA, Saber AA, Alsudays IM, Abdein MA, Alqahtani MM, AbuSetta NG, Elkelish A, Pérez LM, Albalwe FM, Bakr AA. Performance evaluation of Moringa oleifera seeds aqueous extract for removing Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystins from municipal treated-water. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1329431. [PMID: 38362588 PMCID: PMC10868579 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1329431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Toxic microcystins (MCs) produced by cyanoprokaryotes -particularly by the cosmopolitan cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa- pose adverse effects on aquatic organisms and their ecosystem and may also cause serious impacts on human health. These harmful monocyclic heptapeptides are the most prevalent cyanotoxins reported in freshwaters and must be eliminated for avoiding MCs release in receiving water bodies. Hence, this work aimed to test the efficacy of Moringa oleifera seeds water-based extract (MO) as a natural coagulant for removing cyanobacteria (especially M. aeruginosa), microalgae, and its associated MCs from pre-treated municipal wastewaters. Methodology: Four different MO coagulant doses (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg L-1) were investigated for cyanobacteria and microalgae removal by conventional coagulation assays and morphology-based taxonomy studies. Additionally, water turbidity and chlorophyll a (Chl a) content were also determined. Further, the presence and concentration of MCs soluble in water, remaining in the particulate fraction, and flocculated within the residual sludge were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Results: The treatment with MO at 100 mg L-1 substantially reduced the number of cyanobacterial and microalgal species in the treated samples (average removal rate of 93.8% and 86.9%, respectively). These results agreed with a ∼44% concomitant reduction in Chl a and ∼97% reduction in water turbidity (a surrogate marker for suspended solids content). Notably, MCs concentrations in the treated water were significantly lowered to 0.6 ± 0.1 µg L-1 after addition of 100 mg L-1 MO. This value is below the WHO recommended limits for MCs presence in drinking water (<1.0 µg L-1). Discussion: The present study provides promising insights into the applicability of MO as a cost-effective, reliable, and sustainable natural coagulant, particularly for using in developing countries, to eliminate harmful cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in municipal water treatment facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zakaria A. Mohamed
- Microbiology and Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A. Saber
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Seeds Development Department, El-Nada Misr Scientific Research and Development Projects, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mesfer M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqraa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha G. AbuSetta
- Microbiology and Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Leonardo Martín Pérez
- Facultad de Química e Ingeniería del Rosario, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Rosario, Argentina
- Laboratory of Environmental and Sanitary Microbiology (MSMLab-UPC), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, Terrassa, Spain
| | | | - Asmaa A. Bakr
- Microbiology and Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Ibrahim EA, Alhaithloul HAS, Shamseldin SAM, Awaly SBH, El-Latif Hesham A, Abdelkader MFM, Alqahtani MM, Alzuaibr FM, Alasmari A, Sukar NA, Diyasty MZ, Abdein MA. Morphological, Biochemical, and Molecular Diversity Assessment of Egyptian Bottle Gourd Cultivars. Genet Res (Camb) 2024; 2024:4182158. [PMID: 38205231 PMCID: PMC10781529 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4182158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The genetic variability and relationships between ten bottle gourd cultivars were evaluated based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular parameters. The results displayed high variability among selected cultivars in terms of photosynthetic pigments, total free amino acids, total phenol content, isozymes pattern, and protein electrophoresis. Furthermore, differences in molecular markers were revealed by the SCoT technique. The peroxidase (POD) and polyphenyl oxidase (PPO) isozymes patterns did not detect significant differences in bands among cultivars. The protein patterns revealed seventeen bands ranging from 126 to 9 kDa and five polymorphic bands representing 29.41%. On the other hand, eight SCoT primers were used to evaluate the genetic variability and relationships between the ten Egyptian bottle gourd cultivars. The results of SCoT analysis detected 44 amplicons with 50% polymorphism. In addition, the results of the phylogenetic tree that is constructed based on the similarity coefficient revealed by SCoT analysis confirm the results of biochemical analysis indicating a genetic relationship between the most efficient bottle gourd cultivars (S1 and S2 cultivars). In addition, there is a genetic relationship among the less efficient bottle gourd cultivars (S4 and S5 cultivars). These results could be beneficial to distinguish among bottle gourd cultivars in the plant breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab A. Ibrahim
- Department of Cross-Pollinated Vegetable Research, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar A. M. Shamseldin
- Botany Department, Women's College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Sara B. H. Awaly
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. M. Abdelkader
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mesfer M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dawadimi, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Biology Department, College of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha A. Sukar
- Agricultural Botany (Genetics) Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Diyasty
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Seeds Development Department, El-Nada Misr Scientific Research and Development Projects, Turrell, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
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Alhaithloul HAS, Alqahtani MM, Abdein MA, Ahmed MAI, Hesham AEL, Aljameeli MME, Al Mozini RN, Gharsan FN, Hussien SM, El-Amier YA. Rosemary and neem methanolic extract: antioxidant, cytotoxic, and larvicidal activities supported by chemical composition and molecular docking simulations. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1155698. [PMID: 37275255 PMCID: PMC10232984 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1155698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to employ GC-MS to assess the chemical composition of MeOH leaf extracts of R. officinalis and A. indica and evaluate their insecticidal, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. Twelve components, representing 98.61% and 100% of the total volatile compounds, were deduced from the extracted R. officinalis and A. indica, respectively, using this method. In R. officinalis extract, limonene is typically positioned as the main component (23.03%), while the main chemicals identified in A. indica extract were methyl (E)-octadec-13-enoate (23.20%) and (2R)-1,3,8-trimethyl-4-propyl-5-ethyl-2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-7-methoxycardonylethyl-6-methylenecarbonyl-porphyrin (23.03%). Both extracts of R. officinalis and A. indica exhibited different toxicity against the stored grain pest T. castaneum, with LC50 values of 1.470 and 2.588 mg/ml, respectively. Additionally, after 4 and 5 h of treatment at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, the A. indica extract showed the highest levels of repellent action (81.4% and 93.4%), and the R. officinalis extract showed a good repellent rate (64.9% and 80.7%) against T. castenum larvae. With an IC50 value of 35.83 and 28.68 mg/L and a radical scavenging activity percentage of 67.76% and 72.35%, the leaf extract was found to be the most potent plant extract when tested for DPPH antioxidant activity. Overall results showed that MeOH extracts of R. officinalis and A. indica were more effective against S. aureus than E. coli. To determine how the investigated chemicals attach to the active sites of E. coli DNA gyrase A and S. aureus undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase, docking studies were carried out. The consensus score analysis showed that limonene exhibits the best binding energy with both enzymes in docking analysis and more stability in molecular dynamics simulations. The RMSD was obtained at 20.6 and 4.199 (Kcal/mole). The two compounds were successfully used in molecular dynamics simulation research to generate stable complexes with DNA gyrase A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mesfer M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. I. Ahmed
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammad M. E. Aljameeli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem N. Al Mozini
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatehia N. Gharsan
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzan M. Hussien
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasser A. El-Amier
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Hassan MU, Mahmood A, Awan MI, Maqbool R, Aamer M, Alhaithloul HAS, Huang G, Skalicky M, Brestic M, Pandey S, El Sabagh A, Qari SH. Melatonin-Induced Protection Against Plant Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Prospects. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:902694. [PMID: 35755707 PMCID: PMC9218792 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.902694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses restricting plant growth and productivity and posing a severe threat to global food production and security. The plant produces different osmolytes and hormones to combat the harmful effects of these abiotic stresses. Melatonin (MT) is a plant hormone that possesses excellent properties to improve plant performance under different abiotic stresses. It is associated with improved physiological and molecular processes linked with seed germination, growth and development, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and plant defence against other abiotic stresses. In parallel, MT also increased the accumulation of multiple osmolytes, sugars and endogenous hormones (auxin, gibberellic acid, and cytokinins) to mediate resistance to stress. Stress condition in plants often produces reactive oxygen species. MT has excellent antioxidant properties and substantially scavenges reactive oxygen species by increasing the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under stress conditions. Moreover, the upregulation of stress-responsive and antioxidant enzyme genes makes it an excellent stress-inducing molecule. However, MT produced in plants is not sufficient to induce stress tolerance. Therefore, the development of transgenic plants with improved MT biosynthesis could be a promising approach to enhancing stress tolerance. This review, therefore, focuses on the possible role of MT in the induction of various abiotic stresses in plants. We further discussed MT biosynthesis and the critical role of MT as a potential antioxidant for improving abiotic stress tolerance. In addition, we also addressed MT biosynthesis and shed light on future research directions. Therefore, this review would help readers learn more about MT in a changing environment and provide new suggestions on how this knowledge could be used to develop stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Masood Iqbal Awan
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Maqbool
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Guoqin Huang
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Yousaf A, Khalid N, Aqeel M, Rizvi ZF, Alhaithloul HAS, Sarfraz W, Al Mutairi K, Albishi TS, Alamri S, Hashem M, Noman A, Qari SH. Assessment of composition and spatial dynamics of weed communities in agroecosystem under varying edaphic factors. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266778. [PMID: 35622843 PMCID: PMC9140292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Weeds are important components of the agroecosystems due to their role as primary producers within the farming systems, yet they are considered as major constraints to crop production. A phytosociological study was conducted to assess the composition and spatial distribution of existing weed species under the influence of various edaphic factors in the 15 wheat fields. Quadrat method was applied and different phytosociological attributes including abundance, density, and frequency were estimated by randomly laying down 10 square-shaped quadrats of size 1m2 in each wheat field. A total of 34 weed species belonging to 17 families and 30 genera were explored from 150 quadrats. Fabaceae and Asteraceae were ubiquitous plant families. Various edaphic factors such as; soil texture, electrical conductivity, soil pH, total dissolved solids, nitrogen, calcium carbonate, organic matter, NaCl, calcium, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, and zinc were determined. Pearson’s correlation was employed to correlate weeds and the potential edaphic variables. The results depicted that most of these weed pairs’ associations correlated positively. Simultaneously, the abundant weed species including Trifolium repens, Coronopus didymus, and Urtica dioica showed a positive correlation with most of the investigated ecological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Yousaf
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (NK); (AN)
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | | | - Wajiha Sarfraz
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Al Mutairi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasahil S. Albishi
- Biology Department, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alamri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (NK); (AN)
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Chattha MU, Hassan MUU, Khan I, Nawaz M, Shah AN, Sattar A, Hashem M, Alamri S, Aslam MT, Alhaithloul HAS, Hassan MU, Qari SH. Hydrogen peroxide priming alleviates salinity induced toxic effect in maize by improving antioxidant defense system, ionic homeostasis, photosynthetic efficiency and hormonal crosstalk. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5611-5624. [PMID: 35618939 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07535-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinity stress (SS) is a serious detrimental factor for crop growth and productivity and its intensity it is continuously increasing which is posing serious threat to global food security. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) priming has emerged as an excellent strategy to mitigate the adverse impacts of SS. However, the role of H2O2 priming in mitigating the salinity induced toxicity is not fully explored. METHODS AND RESULTS Therefore, in this context the present study was conducted in complete randomized design (CRD) in factorial combination to determine the impact of H2O2 priming on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical traits, osmo-regulating compounds, hormonal balance and ionic homeostasis. The experiment was based on different levels of SS; control, 6 and 12 dS m-1 SS and priming treatments, control and H2O2 priming (2%). Salinity stress significantly reduced the growth, leaf water status (- 15.55%), calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+) and magnesium (Mg2+) accumulation and increased malondialdehyde (MDA: + 29.95%), H2O2 (+ 21.48%) contents, osmo-regulating compounds (proline, soluble sugars), indole acetic acid (IAA), anti-oxidant activities (ascorbate peroxidase: APX, catalase: CAT, peroxidase: POD and ascorbic acid: AsA) and accumulation of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-.). H2O2 priming effectively reduced the effects of SS on germination and growth and strengthen the anti-oxidant activities through reduced MDA (- 12.36%) and H2O2 (- 21.13%) and increasing leaf water status (16.90%), soluble protein (+ 71.32%), free amino acids (+ 26.41%), proline (+ 49.18%), soluble sugars (+ 71.02%), IAA (+ 57.59%) and gibberlic acid (GA) (+ 21.11%). Above all, H2O2 priming reduced the massive entry of noxious ions (Na+ and Cl-) while increased the entry of Ca2+, K+ and Mg2+ thus improved the plant performance under SS. CONCLUSION In conclusion H2O2 priming was proved beneficial for improving maize growth under SS thorough enhanced anti-oxidant activities, photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, accumulation of osmo-regulating compounds, hormonal balance and ionic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Uzair Ul Hassan
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Sattar
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan Bahadur Sub Campus, Layyah, Punjab, 31200, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Saad Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Sameer H Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Lo’ay AA, Elgammal RE, Alhaithloul HAS, Alghanem SM, Fikry M, Abdein MA, Hikal DM. Enhance Fruit Ripening Uniformity and Accelerate the Rutab Stage by Using ATP in 'Zaghloul' Dates during the Shelf Life. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112641. [PMID: 34828922 PMCID: PMC8626006 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rutab date involves a physiological process by which the fruit turns completely ripe. The objective of this study was to research the effect of ATP-treated fruit to improve their biologically active compounds of the Rutab process of the 'Zagloul' date during shelf-life. Fruits at full color (red) were dipped in 0, 1, 1.5 mmol L-1 ATP solution for 10 min, and then stored at room temperature (27 ± 1 °C) with a relative humidity of (67 ± 4 RH%) for 12 d. We found that ATP treatment, especially at 1.5 mM, enhances the Rutab stage of date fruit, and certain biologically active compounds such as total phenols and flavonoids, in all ATP treatments compared to untreated fruits. ATP enhanced the loss of tannin compounds in fruit but had no impact on the change in fruit moisture percentage of fruit during storage. The treatments did affect the changes in total sugar content and activated the sucrose enzymes, i.e., acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), sucrose synthase-cleavage (SS-c), and sucrose synthase-synthesis (SS-s) during storage. Interestingly, immersion in 1.5 mM ATP forced the date fruit to reach the Rutab stage during storage. These results indicated that the dose of ATP (1.5 mM) is a new potential tool that pushes the fruits to regular ripening after harvest, thus reducing the losses in the fruits during the production process. A linear model could be satisfactorily used for predicting the properties of the treated date with ATP 1.5 mM at different shelf-life durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Lo’ay
- Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
| | - Rania E. Elgammal
- Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | | | - Suliman M. Alghanem
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 47731, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Fikry
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Biology Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Northern Border University, Arar 97911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dalia M. Hikal
- Nutrition and Food Science, Home Economics Department, Facullty of Specific Education, Mansura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
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Alhaithloul HAS, Galal FH, Seufi AM. Effect of extreme temperature changes on phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of tomato seedlings ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). PeerJ 2021; 9:e11193. [PMID: 34026345 PMCID: PMC8123231 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Climatic changes are the most important abiotic factor affecting plant growth, crop quality and nutritional value. Plants exposed to thermal stress respond by accumulation of secondary metabolites/molecules (SMs). Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a cosmopolitan crop, eaten by most of the world’s people because it is highly nutritious plant. It is cultivated in more than 16 thousand hectares in Saudi Arabia and thus is influenced by extreme climatic changes. Objective In the current study, the phytochemical effect of thermal stress was investigated in seedlings of S. lycopersicum. Such information will be very helpful in developing more tolerant tomato cultivars in a climate change scenario. Methods Seedlings of S. lycopersicum were subjected to heat shock; HS1 and HS2 (45 and 50 °C) and cold shock; CS (4 °C) in comparison to control; Con (25 °C). Phenolic compounds, flavonoids, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity were estimated under the four temperature treatments. Results Using 23 standards (17 phenolic and six flavonoids), HPLC resulted in the estimation of 16, 20, 15 and 18 compounds for Con, CS, HS1 and HS2, respectively. Differences in the amounts of total phenolics, and total flavonoids were strongly correlated to thermal stress. CS plants exhibited the highest number of signals and the highest absolute quantities of total phenolics, flavonoids and sum of both. The major peaks of phenolics were (Chlorogenic acid, Resvertol), (Vanillic acid, Benzoic acid, Quinol), (Vanillic acid, Benzoic acid) and (Vanillic acid, Benzoic acid) for Con, CS, HS1 and HS2, respectively. The major peaks of flavonoids were (Quercetin, Myricetin), (Quercetin, Rutin), (Quercetin, Rutin, Catechin) and (Quercetin) for Con, CS, HS1 and HS2, respectively. CS plants contain the highest amounts of Benzoic acid (8010.37 mg/kg FW) and Quercetin (2319.48 mg/kg FW). The highest TPC (131 mg GAE/100 g FW) and TFC (61 mg QE/100 g FW) were determined in the case of CS plants. In terms of IC50s, the CS plants showed the highest antioxidant activities (lowest values) in both of DPPH (467.73 µM TE/100 g FW) and ABTS (8.97 µM TE/100 g FW) assays. Conclusions Our findings supported that the complexity and quantity of phenolics and flavonoids in tomato’s extract are strongly related to thermal stress. Additionally, the CS plants demonstrated more desirable phytochemical profile over the other treatments. CS plants exhibited higher number, absolute amounts of SMs, higher TPC and TFC than those of Con, HS1 and HS2 plants. Additionally, CS plants showed higher antioxidant activity than that of both HS1 and HS2 plants. Such results are very useful in justifying mechanism of tolerance in tomato plant to thermal stress in the context of climate change. Additional research has turned on to reveal molecular response of tomato to such thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa A S Alhaithloul
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma H Galal
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Greater Cairo, Egypt
| | - AlaaEddeen M Seufi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Greater Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Common First Year, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
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Irshad MK, Noman A, Alhaithloul HAS, Adeel M, Rui Y, Shah T, Zhu S, Shang J. Goethite-modified biochar ameliorates the growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants by suppressing Cd and As-induced oxidative stress in Cd and As co-contaminated paddy soil. Sci Total Environ 2020; 717:137086. [PMID: 32062258 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Co-contamination of soils with cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in rice growing areas is a serious threat to environment and human health. Increase in soil Cd and As levels curtail the growth and development of rice plants by causing oxidative stress and reduction in photosynthetic activity. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate and evaluate different strategies for minimizing the Cd and As uptake in rice plant. We modified biochar (BC) with goethite and assessed the effects of goethite-modified biochar (GB) application on mitigating Cd and As stress in rice plant. Although BC supply to rice plants enhanced their performance in contaminated soil but application of different GB levels i.e.1.5% GB to the soil resulted in prominent improvements in physiological and biochemical attributes of rice plants grown in Cd and As co-contaminated paddy soil. It was observed that soil amendment with GB increased the plant growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attribute of rice plant and suppressed the oxidative stress in rice leaves and roots by increased antioxidant enzymes activities. Supplementing the soil with 1.5% GB incremented the iron plaque (Fe-plaque) formation and enhanced the Cd and As sequestration by Fe-plaque. Application of GB (1.5%) significantly improved the Fe content of Fe-plaque by 68.7%. Maximum Cd (1.57 mg kg-1) and As (0.85 mg kg-1) sequestration by Fe-plaque was observed with 1.5% GB treatment. Compared to the control, 1.5% GB treatment application prominently reduced the Cd content in the rice roots and shoots by 42.9%, and 56.7%, respectively and As content in the rice roots and shoots declined by 32.2%, 46.6%, respectively, compared to the control. These findings demonstrate that amending the soil with 1.5% GB can be a potential remediation strategy for checking Cd and As accumulation, reducing oxidative stress and increasing the growth of rice plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kashif Irshad
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing. China; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Adeel
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing. China
| | - Yukui Rui
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing. China
| | - Tufail Shah
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing. China
| | - Sihang Zhu
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing. China
| | - Jianying Shang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing. China.
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