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Peterson SW, Demczuk W, Martin I, Adam H, Bharat A, Mulvey MR. Identification of bacterial and fungal pathogens directly from clinical blood cultures using whole genome sequencing. Genomics 2023; 115:110580. [PMID: 36792020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Bloodstream infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early administration of appropriate antimicrobial therapy can improve patient survival and prevent antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) can provide information for pathogen identification, AMR prediction and sequence typing earlier than current phenotypic diagnostic methods. WGS was performed on 97 clinical blood specimens and matched culture isolate pairs. Specimen/isolate pairs were MLST sequence-typed and further characterization was performed on Streptococcus species. WGS correctly identified 91.7% of clinical specimens and 93.2% of matched isolates representing 35 different microbial species. MLST types were assigned for 89.9% of matched cultures and 21.7% of blood specimens, with higher success for blood culture specimens extracted within 3 days (52% characterized) than 7 days (9.3%). This study demonstrates the potential use of WGS for identification and characterization of pathogens directly from blood culture specimens to facilitate timely initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Peterson
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - W Demczuk
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - I Martin
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - H Adam
- Diagnostic Services, Shared Health Manitoba, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - A Bharat
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - M R Mulvey
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Boulin M, Cransac A, Adam H, Vadot L, Pistre P, Gilbert K. Effets du confinement lié à la COVID-19 chez les patients atteints de maladies chroniques. Le Pharmacien Clinicien 2022. [PMCID: PMC9748199 DOI: 10.1016/j.phacli.2022.10.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Cao J, Gallis JA, Ali M, Lillie M, Abubakr-Bibilazu S, Adam H, McEwan E, Awoonor-Williams JK, Hembling J, Baumgartner JN. The impact of a maternal mental health intervention on intimate partner violence in Northern Ghana and the mediating roles of social support and couple communication: secondary analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2010. [PMID: 34736452 PMCID: PMC8569999 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Diverse intervention efforts are implemented to address intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. Via a syndemics theory lens and emerging empirical evidence, mental health interventions demonstrate promise to partially ameliorate IPV. However, the mechanisms of change underlying many IPV interventions are not well understood. These gaps impede our efforts to strengthen or integrate effective components into the current mental health resources, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to examine the impact of a maternal mental health intervention called Integrated Mothers and Babies Course & Early Childhood Development (iMBC/ECD) on IPV and whether social support and/or couple communication mediates the intervention effects among women in rural, Northern Ghana. METHODS The current study is a secondary data analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial. IPV was measured at baseline and 8 months post-intervention (~ 19 months post-baseline). At baseline, 84.8% of the women enrolled in the study (n = 374) reported some type of IPV in the past 12 months. Logistic regression models and multiple mediation analyses were used to address the study aims. RESULTS iMBC/ECD did not reduce IPV in the intervention group compared to the control group. Social support and couple communication did not mediate the intervention effects on IPV as indicated by the indirect effects of the multiple mediation models. However, increase in social support reduced women's odds of experiencing emotional violence by 7%, odds ratio (OR) = 0.93, p = 0.007; b = - 0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (- 0.13, - 0.02), and improvement in couple communication demonstrated promise in reducing women's odds of experiencing controlling behaviors by 7%, OR = 0.93, p = 0.07; b = - 0.07, CI = (- 0.14, 0.005), though the improvements were not due to the intervention. CONCLUSION This maternal mental health intervention did not reduce IPV; however, the findings extend our knowledge about the impact of such interventions on IPV and the potential mechanisms of change via social support and couple communication. Future research evaluating the impact of mental health interventions on IPV and mechanisms of change is essential for the development of effective interventions. Future programs addressing IPV in LMICs should consider risk factors beyond relationship level (e.g. poverty and gender inequity). TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov # NCT03665246 , Registered on August 20th, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiepin Cao
- School of Nursing, Duke University, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
| | - John A Gallis
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Margaret Lillie
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Haliq Adam
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Elena McEwan
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - John Hembling
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joy Noel Baumgartner
- School of Social Work, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Kim ET, Ali M, Adam H, Abubakr-Bibilazu S, Gallis JA, Lillie M, Hembling J, McEwan E, Baumgartner JN. The Effects of Antenatal Depression and Women's Perception of Having Poor Health on Maternal Health Service Utilization in Northern Ghana. Matern Child Health J 2021; 25:1697-1706. [PMID: 34405361 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-021-03216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of antenatal depression and women's perceived health during the antenatal period on maternal health service utilization in rural northern Ghana; including how the effect of antenatal depression on service use might be modified by women's perceived health. METHODS Probable antenatal depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Linear regression was used for the outcome of number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, and logistic regression was used for the outcomes of facility delivery, postnatal care (PNC) within 7 days and completion of continuum of care. Continuum of care was defined as having had four or more ANC visits, delivered at a health facility and had PNC visit within 7 days. RESULTS Antenatal depression had very small or no association with maternal health service utilization. Women with self-perceived fair or poor health were significantly less likely to use PNC within 7 days and less likely to complete the continuum of care. As for effect modification, we found that for women with probable moderate or severe antenatal depression (a score of 10 or greater), those with perceived fair or poor health used fewer ANC visits and were less likely to use PNC within 7 days than those with perceived excellent, very good or good health. CONCLUSIONS Women experiencing moderate or severe antenatal depression and/or who self-perceive as having poor health should be identified and targeted for additional support to access and utilize maternal health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Timothy Kim
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Catholic Relief Services, Bolga Municipal Health Insurance Office, Tamale-Navrongo, Bolgatanga, Ghana
| | - Haliq Adam
- Catholic Relief Services, Bolga Municipal Health Insurance Office, Tamale-Navrongo, Bolgatanga, Ghana
| | - Safiyatu Abubakr-Bibilazu
- Catholic Relief Services, Bolga Municipal Health Insurance Office, Tamale-Navrongo, Bolgatanga, Ghana
| | - John A Gallis
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, 2424 Erwin Rd, Suite 1102 Hock Plaza, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Margaret Lillie
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - John Hembling
- Catholic Relief Services, 228 W Lexington St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Elena McEwan
- Catholic Relief Services, 228 W Lexington St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Joy Noel Baumgartner
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, 310 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 325 Pittsboro St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Baumgartner JN, Ali M, Gallis JA, Lillie M, Owusu R, Abubakr-Bibilazu S, Adam H, Aborigo R, McEwan E, Zhou Y, Kim ET, Mackness J, Williams JKA, Hembling J. Effect of a lay counselor-delivered integrated maternal mental health and early childhood development group-based intervention in Northern Ghana: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2021; 8:e18. [PMID: 34104458 PMCID: PMC8157813 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2021.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregiver mental health is linked to early childhood development, yet more robust evidence of community-based interventions to prevent maternal depression and optimize socio-emotional development of young children is needed. Objectives of this cluster-randomized controlled trial (cRCT), based in Northern Ghana, are to assess the impact of the lay counselor-delivered, group-based Integrated Mothers and Babies Course and Early Childhood Development (iMBC/ECD) program on (1) the mental health of mothers of children under age 2; and (2) the socio-emotional development of their children. METHODS This cRCT randomized 32 women's groups - 16 received iMBC/ECD content (intervention) and 16 received general health education content (control). Surveys were administered at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and 8-month post-intervention. The primary outcome was maternal depression [Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)], and the secondary outcome was child's socio-emotional development [Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social Emotional (ASQ:SE-2)]. Qualitative interviews with 33 stakeholders were also conducted. RESULTS In total, 374 participants were enrolled at baseline while pregnant with the index child, 19% endorsing moderate/severe depression. Of these, 266 (71.1%) completed the 8-month post-intervention survey (~19 months post-baseline). There were no significant effects of iMBC/ECD on PHQ-9 and ASQ:SE-2 scores. However, results favored the intervention arm in most cases. iMBC participants were highly satisfied with the program but qualitative feedback from stakeholders indicated some implementation challenges. CONCLUSIONS This real-world evaluation had null findings; however, post-intervention depression levels were very low in both arms (3%). Future research should examine the potential impact of women's groups on postpartum mental health more broadly with varying content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Noel Baumgartner
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 325 Pittsboro Street, Chapel Hill, NC27516, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | - John A. Gallis
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Margaret Lillie
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Raymond Owusu
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Haliq Adam
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Elena McEwan
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yunji Zhou
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - John Hembling
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Mackness J, Gallis JA, Owusu RK, Ali M, Abubakr-Bibilazu S, Adam H, Aborigo R, Awoonor-Williams JK, Lillie M, McEwan E, Hembling J, Vasudevan L, Baumgartner JN. Prevalence and correlates of maternal early stimulation behaviors during pregnancy in northern Ghana: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:4. [PMID: 33397319 PMCID: PMC7784360 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per UNICEF's Nurturing Care Framework, early childhood development (ECD) begins during pregnancy and many lower-resource settings need data to inform their programs for optimal child development. The maternal-fetal relationship can be partly examined via a series of bonding activities called early stimulation behaviors (ESB). This study describes early stimulation behaviors and the associated correlates among pregnant women in Ghana. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from a cluster-randomized trial in two districts of Northern Ghana. A total of 374 pregnant women were enrolled at baseline and administered a pre-intervention survey. Communication-related early stimulation behaviors was the primary outcome which was evaluated using three maternal-fetal bonding activities; did the woman self-report touching and/or talking, singing, and/or talking about family to her belly. A generalized estimating equation modified Poisson model was used for the bivariate and multivariable analysis. RESULTS About half of the participants reported performing communication-related ESB during pregnancy frequently or sometimes. Bivariate analysis revealed that negative life experiences including higher rates of emotional, physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) and having moderate to severe depressive symptoms were associated with women performing early stimulation behaviors more often. In the multivariable model, physical intimate partner violence remained significantly associated with early stimulation behaviors. CONCLUSION Research on early stimulation behaviors is still in a nascent phase. It is unclear why our results revealed an association between intimate partner violence and early stimulation behaviors; this could reflect a coping mechanism for the expectant mother. Further research is needed to better understand this association and explore potential long-term impacts of early stimulation behaviors during pregnancy on child development. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials # NCT03665246 , August 29, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John A Gallis
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Mohammed Ali
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Haliq Adam
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | | | - Margaret Lillie
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elena McEwan
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Hembling
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lavanya Vasudevan
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Sulieman A, Adam H, Elnour A, Tamam N, Alhaili A, Alkhorayef M, Alghamdi S, Khandaker MU, Bradley D. Patient radiation dose reduction using a commercial iterative reconstruction technique package. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lillie M, Gallis JA, Hembling J, Owusu RK, Ali M, Abubakr-Bibilazu S, Aborigo R, Adam H, McEwan E, Awoonor-Williams JK, Baumgartner JN. Prevalence and Correlates of Depression Among Pregnant Women Enrolled in a Maternal and Newborn Health Program in Rural Northern Ghana: a Cross-sectional Survey. Glob Soc Welf 2020; 7:131-140. [PMID: 32509505 PMCID: PMC7252621 DOI: 10.1007/s40609-020-00170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Women in many sub-Saharan African countries are at elevated risk of depression during pregnancy. However, there are still gaps in the estimates of antenatal depression and associated risk factors in very low-resource settings such as Northern Ghana. This study describes the prevalence of depression among rural pregnant women, participating in a maternal and child health program, in Ghana, and examines associated risk factors for depression. Pregnant women who were registered for group-based maternal and child health community programs were recruited for study participation from 32 communities in two rural districts in Northern Ghana (n = 374). Baseline surveys were conducted and depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Bivariate and multivariable analyses used a modified Poisson and generalized estimating equations (GEE) model. Of the women in our study population, 19.7% reported symptoms indicative of moderate to severe depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10), with 14.1% endorsing suicidal ideation in the last 2 weeks. Bivariate analyses revealed that lower hopefulness, moderate and severe hunger, experiences of emotional, physical, and/or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV), and insufficient social support from female relatives were associated with symptoms indicating moderate to severe depression. In the multivariable analyses, low hopefulness, household hunger, emotional IPV, physical and/or sexual IPV, and insufficient female relative support remained significantly associated with depression. Antenatal depression is associated with unmet basic needs and safety. Perinatal mental health programming must take an ecological perspective and address personal, familial, and community-level factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John A. Gallis
- Duke Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Durham, NC USA
| | - John Hembling
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD USA
| | | | - Mohammed Ali
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | | | - Haliq Adam
- Catholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Elena McEwan
- Catholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD USA
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Uppalapati L, Andrei A, Yancy C, Xu Y, Adam H, Pham D, Grady K. Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life by Socio-Demographic Characteristics: Findings from the Sustaining Quality of Life of the Aged: Transplant or Mechanical Support (SUSTAIN-IT) Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Grady K, Kao A, Dew M, Kormos R, Andrei A, Adam H, Xu Y, Pham D, Pollan L, Yancy C, Hsich E, Cotts W, LaRue S, Petty M, Pamboukian S, Pagani F, Lampert B, Johnson M, Murray M, Tekeda K, Yuzefpolskaya M, Silvestry S, Kirklin J, Collum S, Spertus J. Change in Health-Related Quality of Life from Before to Early after Surgery: Findings from the Sustaining Quality of Life of the Aged: Transplant or Mechanical Support (SUSTAIN-IT) Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Adam H, Docherty Skogh AC, Edsander Nord Å, Schultz I, Gahm J, Hall P, Frisell J, Halle M, de Boniface J. Risk of recurrence and death in patients with breast cancer after delayed deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction. Br J Surg 2018; 105:1435-1445. [PMID: 29683203 PMCID: PMC6174948 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Postmastectomy reconstruction using a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is increasingly being performed in patients with breast cancer. The procedure induces extensive tissue trauma, and it has been hypothesized that the release of growth factors, angiogenic agonists and immunomodulating factors may reactivate dormant micrometastasis. The aim of the present study was to estimate the risk of breast cancer recurrence in patients undergoing DIEP flap reconstruction compared with that in patients treated with mastectomy alone. Methods Each patient who underwent delayed DIEP flap reconstruction at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden, between 1999 and 2013, was compared with up to four controls with breast cancer who did not receive a DIEP flap. The control patients were selected using incidence density matching with respect to age, tumour and nodal status, neoadjuvant therapy and year of mastectomy. The primary endpoint was breast cancer‐specific survival. Survival analysis was carried out using Kaplan–Meier survival estimates and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results The analysis included 250 patients who had 254 DIEP flap reconstructions and 729 control patients. Median follow‐up was 89 and 75 months respectively (P = 0·053). Breast cancer recurrence developed in 50 patients (19·7 per cent) in the DIEP group and 174 (23·9 per cent) in the control group (P = 0·171). The 5‐year breast cancer‐specific survival rate was 92·0 per cent for patients with a DIEP flap and 87·9 per cent in controls (P = 0·032). Corresponding values for 5‐year overall survival were 91·6 and 84·7 per cent (P < 0·001). After adjustment for tumour and patient characteristics and treatment, patients without DIEP flap reconstruction had significantly lower overall but not breast cancer‐specific survival. Conclusion The present findings do not support the hypothesis that patients with breast cancer undergoing DIEP flap reconstruction have a higher rate of breast cancer recurrence than those who have mastectomy alone. Deep inferior epigastric perforator is safe
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Affiliation(s)
- H Adam
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A C Docherty Skogh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Å Edsander Nord
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Schultz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Gahm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Frisell
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Halle
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J de Boniface
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Breast Unit, Capio St Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Adam H, Docherty Skogh A, Edsander Nord A, Schultz I, Gahm J, Hall P, Frisell J, Halle M, De Boniface J. Risk of recurrence and death in breast cancer patients after delayed deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Adam H, Docherty Skogh AC, Edsander Nord Å, Schultz I, Gahm J, Hall P, Frisell J, Halle M, de Boniface J. Abstract P4-13-14: Risk of recurrence and death in breast cancer patients after delayed deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p4-13-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
PURPOSE
Post-mastectomy reconstruction using the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is increasingly performed in breast cancer patients. The procedure induces large tissue trauma and it has been hypothesized that the release of growth factors, angiogenic agonists and immunomodulating factors may reactivate dormant micrometastasis. The aim of our study was to contrast the risk of breast cancer recurrence in patients undergoing DIEP reconstruction to patients treated with mastectomy alone.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective nested case-control study. Cases were defined as breast cancer patients operated with delayed DIEP reconstruction at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden, between 1999-2013. Three controls, defined as breast cancer patients operated with conventional mastectomy without delayed reconstruction, were matched to each case based on age, tumour stage and year of mastectomy. The primary endpoint was breast cancer-specific survival. Survival analysis was carried out by Kaplan–Meier survival estimates and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.
RESULTS
In all, 254 cases and 729 controls were included and had a median follow up of 134 and 122 months, respectively (p=0.004). Breast cancer recurrence occurred in 50 (19.7%) cases and 174 (23.9%) controls, respectively (p=0.171). Ten-year breast cancer-specific survival was 90.7% for cases and 85.2% in controls (p=0.067). The corresponding figures for 10-year overall survival was 89.6% and 80.0%, respectively (p<0.001). Higher tumor stage and positive axillary lymph nodes, but not DIEP reconstruction, were independent risk factors for death due to breast cancer.
CONCLUSION
Our findings did not support the hypothesis that breast cancer patients undergoing DIEP reconstruction would have a higher rate of breast cancer recurrence than patients undergoing mastectomy alone.
Citation Format: Adam H, Docherty Skogh A-C, Edsander Nord Å, Schultz I, Gahm J, Hall P, Frisell J, Halle M, de Boniface J. Risk of recurrence and death in breast cancer patients after delayed deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-13-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Adam
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A-C Docherty Skogh
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Å Edsander Nord
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Schultz
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Gahm
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Hall
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Frisell
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Halle
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J de Boniface
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Capio St. Göran's Hospital, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zahar JR, Jolivet S, Adam H, Dananché C, Lizon J, Alfandari S, Boulestreau H, Baghdadi N, Bay JO, Bénéteau AM, Bougnoux ME, Brenier-Pinchart MP, Dalle JH, Fournier S, Fuzibet JG, Kauffmann-Lacroix C, Le Guinche I, Lepelletier D, Loukili N, Lory A, Morvan M, Oumedaly R, Ribaud P, Rohrlich P, Vanhems P, Aho S, Vanjak D, Gangneux JP. [French recommendations on control measures to reduce the infectious risk in immunocompromised patients]. J Mycol Med 2017; 27:449-456. [PMID: 29132793 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The increase use of immunosuppressive treatments in patients with solid cancer and/or inflammatory diseases requires revisiting our practices for the prevention of infectious risk in the care setting. A review of the literature by a multidisciplinary working group at the beginning of 2014 wished to answer the following 4 questions to improve healthcare immunocompromised patients: (I) How can we define immunocompromised patients with high, intermediate and low infectious risk, (II) which air treatment should be recommended for this specific population? (III) What additional precautions should be recommended for immunocompromised patients at risk for infection? (IV) Which global environmental control should be recommended? Based on data from the literature and using the GRADE method, we propose 15 recommendations that could help to reduce the risk of infection in these exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-R Zahar
- Département de microbiologie clinique, unité de contrôle et de prévention du risque infectieux, IAME, UMR 1137, université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, groupe hospitalier Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, CHU Avicenne, AP-HP, 125, rue de Stalingrad, 93000 Bobigny, France.
| | - S Jolivet
- Unité d'hygiène et de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales, GH Bichat-Claude-Bernard, 75877 Paris, France
| | - H Adam
- Service d'épidémiologie et d'hygiène hospitalière, hôpital d'enfants, CHU, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon cedex, France
| | - C Dananché
- Service hygiène, épidémiologie et prévention, centre international de recherche en infectiologie, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, UCBL1, laboratoire des pathogènes émergents, fondation mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69003 France
| | - J Lizon
- Pôle laboratoires, équipe opérationnelle d'hygiène hospitalière, CHRU de Nancy, rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Département d'hygiène, des risques environnementaux et associés aux soins, faculté de médecine, université de Lorraine, 9, avenue de la Forêt-de-Haye, CS 50184, 54505 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - S Alfandari
- Service de réanimation et maladies infectieuses, centre hospitalier Dron, 59200 Tourcoing, France
| | - H Boulestreau
- Service d'hygiène hospitalière, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - N Baghdadi
- Unité Véronese, CHRU de Lille, UHSA, CS 70001, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - J-O Bay
- Service de thérapie cellulaire et d'hématologie clinique adulte, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 1, place Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 01, France
| | - A-M Bénéteau
- Département en hygiène, institut Curie, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
| | - M-E Bougnoux
- Unité de parasitologie-mycologie, service de microbiologie clinique, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unité de biologie et pathogénicité fongiques, Institut Pasteur, université Paris-Descartes, 75019 Paris, France
| | - M-P Brenier-Pinchart
- Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, institut de biologie et pathologie, France 2 institute for advanced biosciences (IAB), team host-pathogen interactions and immunity to infection, université Grenoble-Alpes, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - J-H Dalle
- Service d'hémato-immunologie, université Paris-Diderot, hôpital Robert-Debré, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - S Fournier
- Équipe opérationnelle d'hygiène, direction de l'organisation médicale, AP-HP, 75184 Paris, France
| | - J-G Fuzibet
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital de l'Archet 1, CHU de Nice, 06200 Nice, France
| | - C Kauffmann-Lacroix
- Laboratoire de parasitologie mycologie, CHU de Poitiers, bâtiment UBM, 2, rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France
| | - I Le Guinche
- Équipe opérationnelle d'hygiène, CHU Necker-Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - D Lepelletier
- Bactériologie-hygiène hospitalière, centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes, 44093 Nantes cedex 01, France
| | - N Loukili
- Unité de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales, SGRIVI, CHRU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Lory
- ARLIN PACA, hôpital de Ste-Marguerite, AP-HM, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - M Morvan
- Équipe opérationnelle d'hygiène, CHRU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - R Oumedaly
- Institut d'hématologie de Basse Normandie (IHBN), CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - P Ribaud
- Département d'hématologie, CHU Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - P Rohrlich
- Inserm U1065, service d'hémato-oncologie pédiatrique, université Côte-d'Azur, centre hospitalier universitaire de Nice, 06204 Nice, France
| | - P Vanhems
- Service hygiène, épidémiologie et prévention, centre international de recherche en infectiologie, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, UCBL1, laboratoire des pathogènes émergents, fondation mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69003 France
| | - S Aho
- Service d'épidémiologie et d'hygiène hospitalière, hôpital d'enfants, CHU, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon cedex, France
| | - D Vanjak
- Équipe opérationnelle d'hygiène, institut Curie, 26, rue d'ULM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J-P Gangneux
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-le-Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 09, France
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Ta KN, Adam H, Staedler YM, Schönenberger J, Harrop T, Tregear J, Do NV, Gantet P, Ghesquière A, Jouannic S. Differences in meristem size and expression of branching genes are associated with variation in panicle phenotype in wild and domesticated African rice. EvoDevo 2017; 8:2. [PMID: 28149498 PMCID: PMC5273837 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-017-0065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The African rice Oryza glaberrima was domesticated from its wild relative Oryza barthii about 3000 years ago. During the domestication process, panicle complexity changed from a panicle with low complexity in O. barthii, to a highly branched panicle carrying more seeds in O. glaberrima. To understand the basis of this differential panicle development between the two species, we conducted morphological and molecular analyses of early panicle development. Results Using X-ray tomography, we analyzed the morphological basis of early developmental stages of panicle development. We uncovered evidence for a wider rachis meristem in O. glaberrima than in O. barthii. At the molecular level, spatial and temporal expression profiles of orthologs of O. sativa genes related to meristem activity and meristem fate control were obtained using in situ hybridization and qRT-PCR. Despite highly conserved spatial expression patterns between O. glaberrima and O. barthii, differences in the expression levels of these early acting genes were detected. Conclusion The higher complexity of the O. glaberrima panicle compared to that of its wild relative O. barthii is associated with a wider rachis meristem and a modification of expression of branching-related genes. Our study indicates that the expression of genes in the miR156/miR529/SPL and TAW1 pathways, along with that of their target genes, is altered from the unbranched stage of development. This suggests that differences in panicle complexity between the two African rice species result from early alterations to gene expression during reproductive development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13227-017-0065-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Ta
- UMR DIADE, IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,LMI RICE, IRD, USTH, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - H Adam
- UMR DIADE, IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Y M Staedler
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Schönenberger
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Harrop
- UMR DIADE, IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - J Tregear
- UMR DIADE, IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - N V Do
- LMI RICE, IRD, USTH, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - P Gantet
- LMI RICE, IRD, USTH, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Road, Hanoi, Vietnam.,UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,Department of Biotechnology-Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - A Ghesquière
- UMR DIADE, IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - S Jouannic
- UMR DIADE, IRD, 911, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,LMI RICE, IRD, USTH, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Ta KN, Sabot F, Adam H, Vigouroux Y, De Mita S, Ghesquière A, Do NV, Gantet P, Jouannic S. miR2118-triggered phased siRNAs are differentially expressed during the panicle development of wild and domesticated African rice species. Rice (N Y) 2016; 9:10. [PMID: 26969003 PMCID: PMC4788661 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-016-0082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice exhibits a wide range of panicle structures. To explain these variations, much emphasis has been placed on changes in transcriptional regulation, but no large-scale study has yet reported on changes in small RNA regulation in the various rice species. To evaluate this aspect, we performed deep sequencing and expression profiling of small RNAs from two closely related species with contrasting panicle development: the cultivated African rice Oryza glaberrima and its wild relative Oryza barthii. RESULTS Our RNA-seq analysis revealed a dramatic difference between the two species in the 21 nucleotide small RNA population, corresponding mainly to miR2118-triggered phased siRNAs. A detailed expression profiling during the panicle development of O. glaberrima and O. barthii using qRT-PCRs and in situ hybridization, confirmed a delayed expression of the phased siRNAs as well as their lncRNA precursors and regulators (miR2118 and MEL1 gene) in O. glaberrima compared to O. barthii. We provide evidence that the 21-nt phasiRNA pathway in rice is associated with male-gametogenesis but is initiated in spikelet meristems. CONCLUSION Differential expression of the miR2118-triggered 21-nt phasiRNA pathway between the two African rice species reflects differential rates of determinate fate acquisition of panicle meristems between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. N. Ta
- />IRD, UMR DIADE, 911, avenue Agropolis, BP64501, F-34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
- />LMI RICE, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - F. Sabot
- />IRD, UMR DIADE, 911, avenue Agropolis, BP64501, F-34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
| | - H. Adam
- />IRD, UMR DIADE, 911, avenue Agropolis, BP64501, F-34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
| | - Y. Vigouroux
- />IRD, UMR DIADE, 911, avenue Agropolis, BP64501, F-34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
| | - S. De Mita
- />IRD, UMR DIADE, 911, avenue Agropolis, BP64501, F-34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
- />Present address: INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - A. Ghesquière
- />IRD, UMR DIADE, 911, avenue Agropolis, BP64501, F-34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
| | - N. V. Do
- />LMI RICE, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - P. Gantet
- />LMI RICE, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong road, Hanoi, Vietnam
- />Université de Montpellier, UMR DIADE, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
| | - S. Jouannic
- />IRD, UMR DIADE, 911, avenue Agropolis, BP64501, F-34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
- />LMI RICE, National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agronomical Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong road, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Venton G, Adam H, Colle J, Labiad Y, Mercier C, Ivanov V, Suchon P, Fanciullino R, Farnault L, Costello R. Micafungin as primary antifungal prophylaxis in patients presenting with acute myeloid leukemia. Med Mal Infect 2016; 46:226-9. [PMID: 27126350 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy and safety of micafungin for prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective observational single-center study of 41 patients from the hematology department between May 2012 and April 2015. Micafungin was administered once daily from the first day of induction chemotherapy to the end of the neutropenic phase. RESULTS Neither Candida nor Aspergillus infection was documented in our 41 patients from the first day of micafungin infusion to the end of the neutropenic phase. Patients were followed for three months after discontinuation of micafungin and none of them contracted an invasive fungal infection. Only one patient presented with grade III-IV hepatic and ionic toxicities. CONCLUSION Micafungin is associated with a good safety profile and is an interesting option for preventing invasive fungal infections in the high-risk population of patients presenting with hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Venton
- Inserm, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille université, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France; Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire AP-HM, hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - H Adam
- Unité pharmacie hospitalière hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - J Colle
- Inserm, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille université, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France; Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire AP-HM, hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Y Labiad
- Inserm, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille université, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - C Mercier
- Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire AP-HM, hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France; UMR-911 Inserm laboratoire de toxicocinétique et pharmacocinétique, faculté de pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - V Ivanov
- Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire AP-HM, hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - P Suchon
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, AP-HM, hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France; UMR 1062 NORT, Inserm, Marseille, France
| | - R Fanciullino
- UMR-911 Inserm laboratoire de toxicocinétique et pharmacocinétique, faculté de pharmacie, Marseille, France; Unité pharmacie hospitalière hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - L Farnault
- Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire AP-HM, hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - R Costello
- Inserm, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille université, UMR1090 TAGC, 13288 Marseille, France; Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire AP-HM, hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.
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Adam H, Bygdeson M, de Boniface J. The oncological safety of nipple-sparing mastectomy – A Swedish matched cohort study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40:1209-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Alhelfi
- Department of Food Science, Agriculture College, University of Basra, Basra, Iraq
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Zeegers Paget D, Ricciardi W, Zeegers Paget D, Jakab Z, Chaze N, Adam H, Zeegers Paget D. European Public Health News * President's column * EUPHA office column * Message from the Regional Director * Patient safety and health care-associated infections * 6th European Public Health Conference, 13-16 November 2013, Brussels, Belgium. Eur J Public Health 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cks181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Walkty A, Lagacé-Wiens PRS, Manickam K, Adam H, Pieroni P, Alfa M, Karlowsky JA. Re-evaluation of rejection criteria for endotracheal tube (ETT) specimens from adult patients. J Med Microbiol 2012; 61:1306-1310. [PMID: 22700550 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.042333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine optimal criteria for microbiology laboratory screening of endotracheal tube (ETT) specimens submitted for bacterial culture from adult patients. ETT specimens from adult patients that were received by two microbiology laboratories were prospectively evaluated and subdivided into one of three study arms with the following criteria: <10 squamous epithelial cells (SECs) per low-power field with bacteria seen on Gram staining (arm 1), >10 SECs per low-power field with bacteria seen on Gram staining (arm 2) and <10 SECs per low-power field with no bacteria seen on Gram staining (arm 3). A fourth study arm (>10 SECs per low-power field with no bacteria seen on Gram staining) was planned but this arm was terminated due to the paucity of specimens meeting these criteria. Isolate evaluation was performed using standard microbiology protocols. A limited chart review was undertaken at one of the institutions, only reviewing patients from which a potential pathogen was recovered on culture. In total, 141 ETT specimens were evaluated. A potential respiratory pathogen was recovered from 54, 37 and 10 % of specimens in study arms 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P<0.0001, comparing between arm 1 and arm 3). For the 23 patients included in the chart review from whom a potential pathogen was recovered on culture, respiratory infection was considered to be present in 50 % (6/12) of patients in arm 1, 66.6 % (6/9) of patients in arm 2 and 100 % (2/2) of patients in arm 3. Therapy was rarely altered based on culture results. In this study, the ETT specimens submitted for bacterial culture were of limited benefit to clinicians. The data presented here support the use of an absence of bacteria on Gram staining as a rejection criterion for ETT specimens. The criterion of >10 SECs per low-power field should be further evaluated in a prospective study of patients with an unequivocal clinical diagnosis of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Walkty
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Microbiology, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - P R S Lagacé-Wiens
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Microbiology, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - K Manickam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Microbiology, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - H Adam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Microbiology, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - P Pieroni
- Microbiology, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - M Alfa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Microbiology, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - J A Karlowsky
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Microbiology, Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Lametschwandtner A, Albrecht U, Adam H. The Vascularization of the Anuran Brain: Olfactory Bulb and Telencephalon: A scanning electron microscopical study of vascular corrosion casts. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6395.1980.tb01311.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Albrecht U, Lametschwandtner A, Adam H. The Vascularization of the Anuran Brain Rhombencephalon and Medulla spinalis: A scanning electron microscopical study of vascular corrosion casts. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6395.1980.tb01312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Albrecht U, Lametschwandtner A, Adam H. The Vascularization of the Anuran Brain Diencephalon and Choroid Plexus: A scanning electron microscopical study of vascular corrosion casts. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6395.1980.tb01309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Walkty A, Lagacé-Wiens PRS, Karlowsky JA, Hoban DJ, Manickam K, Adam H, Pieroni P, Alfa M. Change in antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli urinary tract isolates at a single institution over a period of 10 years. Can J Microbiol 2012; 58:345-9. [PMID: 22369590 DOI: 10.1139/w2012-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections are common. Few published studies have demonstrated the change in Escherichia coli urinary isolate antimicrobial susceptibility over time within a given area and (or) population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in susceptibility of E. coli clinical isolates obtained from urine specimens at a single institution over a period of 10 years. The microbiology laboratory information system at St. Boniface Hospital (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) was searched retrospectively from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2009, for all E. coli isolates from either a midstream or catheter urine source that had susceptibility testing performed. Only one isolate per patient was included during the entire study period. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out with either a Microscan instrument (pre-April 2004) or a Vitek instrument (May 2004 onwards). In total, 7353 E. coli urinary isolates were included for evaluation. Ciprofloxacin susceptibility declined significantly, from 99% in 2000 to 85% in 2009 (p < 0.0001). A small but statistically significant decline in susceptibility was also observed for ampicillin, cefazolin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, and nitrofurantoin. These data suggest that certain antimicrobials recommended for the treatment of urinary tract infections (ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) may no longer be optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Walkty
- Departments of Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre, MS673B-820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1R9, Canada.
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Kotrschal K, Adam H, Brandstätter R, Junger H, Zaunreiter M, Goldschmid A. Larval size constraints determine directional ontogenetic shifts in the visual system of teleosts1. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1990.tb00374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Stadler U, Rovan E, Aulitzky W, Frick J, Adam H, Kalla N. Bioassay for Determination of Human Serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH): A Routine Clinical Method/Bioassay zur LH-Bestimmung in humanem Serum: Eine klinische Routinemethode. Andrologia 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.1989.tb02475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
Male adult Wistar rats were exposed daily or every other day to oral gossypol acetic acid (GAA) concentrations of 2.5-30 mg/kg for 10-20 weeks. Controls received the GAA-suspension medium or were left completely untreated. The serum concentrations of testosterone, LH and FSH as well as the weight of testis, epididymis, prostate, seminal vesicle, coagulating gland, and pituitary were determined. The accessory sex organs were prepared for light microscopy. Significant antifertility effect in these animals was achieved at GAA-dosage of 15 mg/kg and higher. GAA-administration neither altered the serum hormonal profiles nor the reproductive organ weights in comparison to the controls. Accordingly, light microscopical examination revealed no alterations in the histological picture of prostate, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland when compared with the controls. The results indicate that GAA does not interfere with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in male adult rats.
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Borgundvaag B, Katz K, Allen V, Adam H, Currie A, Lee J, Ellis P, Somers A, Rutledge T, Rizos J. 24: Prevalence of CA-MRSA in Purulent Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Patients Presenting at Emergency Departments in the Greater Toronto Area. Ann Emerg Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.01.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kowalik A, Rimpau W, Adam H, Kühn F, van Oene J, Schreiner A, Bogdanow M, Schauble B. Conversion from carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine to topiramate in adolescents and adults with epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand 2008; 117:159-66. [PMID: 18218062 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore effectiveness, tolerability and changes in quality of life in patients with epilepsy converting to topiramate (TPM) from carbamazepine (CBZ) or oxcarbazepine (OXC) due to insufficient effectiveness and/or tolerability. METHODS A multicenter, open-label, non-interventional trial was used to examine patients (> or = 12 years) with epilepsy, changing to TPM monotherapy from baseline mono- or combination therapy with CBZ or OXC. TPM was added to the existing antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment and started at a dose of 25 mg once daily. The dose was titrated up with 25 mg/day increments, once every 1-2 weeks, until a final dose between 50 and 200 mg/day was reached. On the basis of clinical judgment, the treating physician decided whether or not the existing AED treatment with CBZ or OXC could then be withdrawn. Type and number of seizures, preferred TPM dose, quality of life (QOLIE-10 questionnaire), subjective perception of improvement and adverse events (AE) were documented. RESULTS 140 patients (53.5% women, mean age 47 years) decided to switch to TPM due to insufficient effectiveness (75% of patients) and/or poor tolerability (80%) of the CBZ/OXC treatment. Average duration of follow-up was 24 weeks with an overall discontinuation rate of 19.3%, mainly due to AEs (12.1%). At study endpoint, the intended shift to TPM monotherapy was achieved in 73% of patients at a median TPM dose of 100 mg/day. A seizure reduction of > or = 50% was achieved in 91% of patients in the last scheduled period (weeks 12-26); 62% of patients entering that period remained seizure free. Quality of life at endpoint improved significantly when compared with baseline for all domains of QOLIE-10 (P < 0.001). Most frequent AEs (reported by > or = 5% of patients) were paresthesia (9.3%), weight loss (7.9%), convulsions (5.7%) and memory disorders (5.0%). CONCLUSION In patients with epilepsy, previously not satisfactorily treated with CBZ or OXC, conversion to TPM may result in an improvement in seizure control as well as in quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kowalik
- Section of Neurology, Bürgerspital Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Adam H, McGeer A, Simor A. Fatal case of post-influenza, community-associated MRSA pneumonia in an Ontario teenager with subsequent familial transmission. Can Commun Dis Rep 2007; 33:45-8. [PMID: 17352053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Adam
- Clinical Microbiology Fellowship Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Landt S, Thomas A, Fueger A, Jeschke S, Korlach S, Adam H, Ulm K, Schmid P, Blohmer J, Lichtenegger W, Kuemmel S. Analysis of the VEGF family and their receptors in serum/plasma of patients with pre-invasive and invasive cervical cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.5016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5016 Background: The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and their receptors are essential regulators of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. This study examined the significance of circulating VEGF, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and their receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 in patients with preinvasive and invasive cancer in relation to conventional prognostic parameters. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 125 women before initial treatment (CIN I-III n = 50; FIGO stage I-IV n = 51; relapse n = 24). Plasma (p) and serum(s) levels of pVEGF, sVEGF-D, sVEGFR-1, sVEGFR-2 (R&D Systems, USA) and sVEGF-C (IBL, Japan) were determined by using a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The highest level of pVEGF (p = 0.007) and sVEGFR-2 (p = 0.014) were detected in patients with recurrent disease, whereas the highest level of sVEGF-D (p = 0.046) were measured in patients with preinvasive lesions (CIN I-III). Furthermore, significantly elevated levels of sVEGF-C (p = 0.021) were detected in early stages (FIGO I-II) in comparison with advanced stages (FIGO III-IV) of cervical cancer. No significant difference in concentration was observed between the various grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I-III). Correlations between conventional prognostic markers such as lymph node status (N0/N1), lymphangioinvasion (L0/L1), angioinvasion (V0/V1) and grading (G1/G2/G3) were investigated. Increased plasma levels of VEGF (p = 0.036) correlate with the dissemination of tumor cells to regional lymph nodes (N1),whereas serum VEGF-D levels were significantly decreased in women with lymph-node involvement (N1) (p = 0.045) and vascular invasion (L1) (p = 0.019). None of these members of the VEGF family were found to correlate significantly with histological subtype (squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adeno-squamous cell carcinoma) or grading of the tumor cells (G1/G2/G3). Conclusions: These results show that circulating concentrations of VEGF are associated with the stage of disease. In an early stage of cervical cancer a switch to a lymphangiogenic phenotype (VEGF-D, VEGF-C) might be possible. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Landt
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Thomas
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Fueger
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Jeschke
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Korlach
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - H. Adam
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - K. Ulm
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - P. Schmid
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Blohmer
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - W. Lichtenegger
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Kuemmel
- Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland; Technical University, Munich, Germany; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany; Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
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Dalvie MA, Sinanovic E, London L, Cairncross E, Solomon A, Adam H. Cost analysis of ELISA, solid-phase extraction, and solid-phase microextraction for the monitoring of pesticides in water. Environ Res 2005; 98:143-150. [PMID: 15721895 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2004.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Revised: 07/29/2004] [Accepted: 09/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of a pesticide water monitoring program in South Africa is limited by a lack of financial and analytical resources. A cost analysis of three analytical methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and traditional solid-phase extraction methods (SPE), was conducted. The cost analysis assumed a hypothetical scenario in terms of the sampling area (a grape farming rural region in the Western Cape province of South Africa), sample collection (weekly grab samples collected from eight sites by an environmental health officer in a nearby town), transport of samples (via courier), and analysis (endosulfan and chlorpyrifos analysis conducted by a local higher educational institution laboratory in Cape Town). The cost per sample for the three analytical methods was determined by estimating the annual capital costs, including building and equipment, and recurrent costs, including transport, personnel, supplies, and building operating costs. At the optimal utility of resources, SPME had the lowest cost per sample (US $37), followed by SPE (US $48.50) and ELISA (US $60). Recurrent costs formed the bulk of the costs of all three methods (91-97%). The cost of supplies was particularly high for ELISA (US $34 per sample). The cost per sample estimated for all three methods is substantially lower than those quoted by other laboratories in South Africa. The low cost of SPME is particularly important because of the sensitivity and reliability of this method and the faster output compared to SPE, and SPME is recommended for the long-term monitoring of pesticide pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Dalvie
- Occupational and Environmental Health Research Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Adam H, Hänsel B. [Vertical infraclavicular technique of brachial plexus block]. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2004; 39:728-34. [PMID: 15605296 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-826107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In comparison to preceding infraclavicular methods, vertical infraclavicular blockade of the brachial plexus (VIP), as described by Kilka et al. in 1995, has quickly established itself because of the high success rates and comparatively low risks. Users define the blockade success achieved at around 85 %. However, this figure includes a more or less large number of patients who require supplementary analgesia/sedation and/or sleep induction in addition to pre-medication. Such a combined procedure, VIP plus analgesia/sedation is sometimes problematic e. g. in geriatric patients with a number of additional diseases. This patient group in particular could possibly profit from VIP without additional medication. Based initially on purely clinical observations, the following study reports on a method to improve the success rate of VIP blockade (operability) without additional analgesia and/or sedation. Altogether 499 patients were included in a retrospective study. In 88 patients (Group 1), the method of Kilka et al. was strictly applied. In a second Group (99 patients) the determined puncture site was moved 1 cm laterally. In Group 3 (312 patients), elicitation of a response to stimulation of the fasciculi of the brachial plexus was examined. This was performed by multiple punction, as a rule lateral to the puncture site of Kilka et al. In this group, the total dose of anesthetic (identical in all groups) was divided into 2 - 3 single doses. The pre-operative data of the patients in all groups were comparable. In the course of the VIP (Group 1), the method was changed in 13 patients (14.8 %) with incomplete blockade and after initial modification (Group 2), this was necessary in 12 patients (12.1 %). By means of targeted stimulation of individual sections of the brachial plexus (Group 3), the rate of incomplete blockade could be reduced to 8.3 %. The clearly improved blockade success was achieved without an increase in complications. In contrast to other authors, we came to the conclusion that the success rate was considerably higher when the anaesthetist had several years of experience. In the case of the authors of this study (longest experience), only 3.7 % of the plexus blocks were incomplete. For the use of VIP in practice it can be concluded that the optimal puncture site is often somewhat lateral to that defined by Kilka et al. By means of multiple stimulation with the aim of locating the individual fasciculi of the brachial plexus, the success of blockade, in terms of operability with unchanged low complication rates, can be considerably improved without the need for additional analgesics and/or sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Adam
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig.
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Landt S, Bühler H, Vorsteher N, Evers K, Duvnjak B, Adam H, Bangemann N, Blohmer JU, Schaller G. Myocardial expression of HER2 and HER4 in anthracycline-pretreated breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Landt
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H. Bühler
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N. Vorsteher
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K. Evers
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - B. Duvnjak
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H. Adam
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N. Bangemann
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J. U. Blohmer
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - G. Schaller
- Charité, Berlin, Germany; RUB, Bochum, Germany; Stadtspital Waid, Zürich, Switzerland
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Ziemssen F, Adam H, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Schlote T. [Angle closure glaucoma in association with relative anterior microphthalmus (RAM) after premature birth-retinopathy (ROP)]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2004; 221:503-8. [PMID: 15236113 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-813190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infantile angle-closure glaucoma is a common and well characterized complication of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Progressive shallowing of the anterior chamber by retrolental fibrous masses is mostly responsible for the pressure elevation during the first years of life. Apart of this pathogenesis, ROP-associated glaucoma is totally different in cases that do not manifest until adulthood. Only few cases are described in the literature. CASE REPORT A 36-year-old female patient presented with symptoms of acute intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation and fundus results of a cicatricial ROP stadium II. Control of IOP was not achieved by systemic and topical drug treatment. The biometry showed a relative anterior microphthalmus (RAM) in myopia. After peripheral iridectomy, the IOP normalized and remained stable over a long-time period. CONCLUSION Myopia induction after ROP and ROP treatment often lead to special anatomical conditions corresponding to the classical relative anterior microphthalmus. Shallowing of the anterior chamber and development of angle-closure glaucoma increase with age. Thus, a manifestation not before the third decade of life was a typical finding in the literature review. A detailed recording of history and consideration of the biometric data are of importance for diagnosis. Peripheral iridectomy was found to be the therapy with the highest success rate. The increase of a pupillary block mechanism can prevent further visual loss to the often pre-damaged eyes. Consideration of this entity is crucial in unilateral IOP elevation, because an increasing prevalence of these patients can be expected due to the increase of premature babies since 1970.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ziemssen
- Universitätsaugenklinik Tübingen, Abt. 1, Tübingen.
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Adam H. „Wenns den Kindern hilft“–Psychotherapeutische Elterngespräche mit Migranten. Psychother Psych Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Adam H. „Wenns den Kindern hilft“–Psychotherapeutische Elterngespräche mit Migranten. Psychother Psych Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-822464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Marfan Syndrome (MFS) is associated with an increased anaesthesia risk because of the pathological manifestations in anaesthesia-relevant organ systems. If, in addition, a typical MFS complication - acute aortic dissection - presents and this in pregnant patients, a high-risk anaesthesia must be assumed. In the case reported, a 30 year old woman in the 35 th week of gestation presented with an acute aortic dissection, initially in the region of the descending aorta and later, in the course of the ascending aorta. An urgent Caesarean section was indicated in order to perform the equally urgent vascular surgery as quickly as possible. The most important goal of the anaesthesia management is to determine an anaesthesia procedure which addresses the combination of aorta dissection, gestation and MFS. On the one hand, the risk of an aorta rupture needs to be kept as low as possible and on the other hand, the vital functions of the baby have to be maintained. A general anaesthesia procedure under mild controlled hypotension was selected. Optimal monitoring and absolute freedom from pain were the prerequisites both for the anaesthesia management of the Caesarean section as well as for the immediate transport to a clinic for further treatment after completion of anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Adam
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
RATIONALE The incidence of translaryngeal tracheotomy (TLT)-associated peri- and postoperative complications should be assessed prospectively. METHODS TLT was carried out in operation-theatre under rigid endoscopic control. Peri- and postoperative complications, decanulement and late sequelae were assessed in ENT-patients. In patients of other wards only perioperative complications were evaluated. RESULTS 41 patients (26 ENT-patients, 15 patients of other wards) were tracheotomised by TLT. Perioperatively, we observed 3 technical problems (accidental pulling through of the tracheostomy tube). In 2 of these cases TLT could be completed without problems, in 1 case TLT was converted to surgical tracheotomy. Postoperatively, we could find no complications in 26 ENT-patients. Decanulation took place after 7 days on average. We found no tracheocutaneous fistulas or tracheostenoses, scars were unobtrusive. CONCLUSIONS TLT with rigid endoscopy is a simple percutaneous tracheotomy-technique with a low complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Oeken
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde/Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikums, Liebigstr. 18a, D-04103 Leipzig
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Stano J, Mićieta K, Neubert K, Luckner M, Adam H. A simple method for the identification and assay of extracellular plant beta-galactosidase. Pharmazie 2002; 57:176-7. [PMID: 11933845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and reproducible procedure for the identification of extracellular Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica Cham.) beta-galactosidase is described using callus cultures of seedlings from the tested plant, roots of 4-days-old seedlings of Californian poppy germinating on agar plates and cell suspension cultures cultivated from callus cultures. 6-Bromo-2-naphthyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside were used as substrates for the determination of the intracellular and extracellular activities of beta-galactosidase. The extracellular beta-galactosidase activity was identified by evaluating the dye-zones in an agar medium. The enzyme from Californian poppy callus cultures or from seedling roots cultivated on agar plates supplemented with 6-bromo-2-naphthyl-galactopyranoside hydrolyzed this substrate releasing 6-bromo-2-naphthol. By simultaneous coupling with hexazonium p-rosaniline the corresponding (reddish-brown) azo-dye was formed. The agar plate method described permits rapid, simple and specific detection of plant producers of extracellular beta-galactosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stano
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Schäfer T, Heinrich J, Wjst M, Adam H, Ring J, Wichmann HE. Association between severity of atopic eczema and degree of sensitization to aeroallergens in schoolchildren. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 104:1280-4. [PMID: 10589013 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(99)70025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A subgroup of patients with atopic eczema exhibits aggravation through contact with aeroallergens. Little is known from population-based studies, however, about the association between the severity of eczematous skin disease and the degree of aeroallergen sensitization. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the relationship between IgE-mediated allergic sensitization to aeroallergens and severity of atopic eczema in schoolchildren. METHODS A nested case-control analysis on atopic eczema was performed on the basis of a cross-sectional study of 2201 East German schoolchildren aged 5 to 14 years. Atopic eczema and its severity was identified by dermatologic examination. Total and allergen-specific IgE antibodies to grass and birch pollen, Cladosporium herbarum, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and cat epithelium in serum were determined, and additional information was obtained by means of standardized questionnaire. RESULTS The overall prevalence of actual atopic eczema was 2.5%. Thirty-seven percent of the children were sensitized to at least one allergen. Children with atopic eczema were significantly more often sensitized than those without skin disease (75.0% vs 36.3%; odds ratio, 5.27; 95% confidence interval, 2.54-11.15). This was observed for each single allergen. The prevalence of atopic eczema increased significantly with increasing RAST class (chi(2) trend test for each allergen, P <.0001). Also, the prevalence of sensitization increased with the severity of the disease (chi(2) trend test for each allergen, P <.0001). This association was pronounced for house dust mite and cat allergen. Multiple linear regression analyses showed significant associations between the severity score of atopic eczema and concentrations of allergen-specific IgE to dust mite (P =.032) and cat (P =.014) allergens after adjustment for sex, age, location, and parental predisposition. CONCLUSIONS The degree of sensitization is directly associated with the severity of atopic eczema. We speculate that early epicutaneous sensitization to aeroallergens may be enhanced by damage of the skin barrier function. The specific IgE response seems to contribute to the severity of the disease in a dose-dependent fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schäfer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, am Biederstein, and the Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergology GSF/Technical University of Munich, Germany
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Schäfer T, Heinrich J, Wjst M, Krause C, Adam H, Ring J, Wichmann HE. Indoor risk factors for atopic eczema in school children from East Germany. Environ Res 1999; 81:151-158. [PMID: 10433847 DOI: 10.1006/enrs.1999.3964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relation between environmental influences such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury, as well as environmental tobacco smoke, pet keeping, and heating systems on the prevalence of atopic eczema. Therefore, a multicenter cross-sectional study of school children aged 5-14 years, including a standardized questionnaire, blood and urine analyses, and a dermatological examination, was undertaken. A cases-control approach was chosen in order to identify relevant risk factors. A total of 2200 school children (response 79.1%) of two areas (Bitterfeld, Hettstedt) polluted by industrial activities and an agricultural control region (Zerbst) of the former German Democratic Republic were examined. Atopic eczema as identified by dermatological examination and history was the outcome variable of interest. Body burden of arsenic and heavy metals and questionnaire data on environmental tobacco smoke exposure, pet keeping, and heating system were investigated as potential risk factors. The overall prevalence of atopic eczema was 2.6%, with higher prevalences in the industrial areas (2.5 and 2.9%) compared to the control area (1.6%, not significant). Bivariate analyses did not reveal statistically significant associations between atopic eczema and tobacco smoke exposure or the body burden of arsenic and heavy metals. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, atopic eczema was significantly more frequent in predisposed families and those who reported keeping guinea pigs (OR=4.37, CI 2.15-8.91), but not other pets, like dogs, cats, and hamsters. In comparison to a distant heating system, a decreased risk was observed in households with central heating system (OR=0.30, CI 0.10-0.90), whereas the presence of a gas heater with an exhaust pipe connection to the wall was associated with a significantly elevated risk for eczema (OR=8.22, CI 2.44-27.66). The heating system and exposure to certain animal allergens are related to the manifestation of atopic eczema. Further studies are needed to clarify how far a causal relationship is reflected by these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schäfer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich Technical University, Munich, D-80802, Germany
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Burkhard R, Adam H, Widmer L, Honegger HP. [Anagrelide in control of myeloproliferative thrombocythemia: long-term experiences in 6 patients]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1998; 128:1808-12. [PMID: 9857387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Symptomatic or asymptomatic chronic elevation of platelet count can be observed in all forms of myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Benefits and limitations of the traditional platelet-reducing agents, such as radioactive phosphorus, alkylating agents, hydroxyurea and interferon alpha, are well known and have been largely described. Anagrelide (Agrelin) is an additional newer drug with a selective platelet-lowering effect. We describe our own long-term experience in 6 patients with MPD who were treated with anagrelide as part of a compassionate-use protocol between April 1991 and August 1997. The median duration of therapy was 54 months (range 17 to 75 months), with an overall response rate of 100% (complete and partial response for at least 4 weeks). The initial median platelet count of 1211 x 10(9)/l (range 847 to 2050 x 10(9)/l) was reduced rapidly and lastingly to 570 x 10(9)/l (range 216 to 667 x 10(9)/l) at the time of the last control. Under treatment with anagrelide 4 of the 6 patients showed a reduction of disease-associated symptoms or complications. Adverse reactions were generally mild and transitory, and no interruption or cessation of therapy was required. Development of drug resistance or late adverse events were not observed. Treatment with anagrelide is effective, safe and in our opinion easy to administer. It also appears to be suitable for long-term administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Burkhard
- Institut für Medizinische Onkologie und Hämatologie, Stadtspital Triemli, Zürich
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Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disorders such as diabetic retinopathy. We hypothesized that either local endogenous nitric oxide (NO) synthesis or local reactivity to endogenous NO might be impaired in patients with IDDM and that this may contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy. Ten otherwise healthy patients with long-standing IDDM and ten healthy control subjects were studied according to an open randomized two-way cross-over design. Subjects received intravenous infusions of either N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of NO-synthase, or L-arginine, the precursor of NO synthesis, on two separate study days. Ocular hemodynamics were assessed by laser interferometric measurement of fundus pulsations and Doppler sonographic measurement of blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery. N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine decreased fundus pulsations and blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery and increased blood pressure in healthy subjects. The responses to NO-synthase inhibition were significantly less in diabetic subjects. In contrast, L-arginine caused a comparable increase in fundus pulsations and decrease in blood pressure in both cohorts. These results indicate that systemic and ocular hemodynamic reactivity to NO-synthase inhibition is reduced in patients with long-standing IDDM, compared with healthy control subjects. Thus, this study indicates that either NO-synthase activity is increased or NO sensitivity is decreased in patients with IDDM and supports the concept of an involvement of the L-arginine-NO system in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Schmetterer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Vienna University School of Medicine, Austria
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Rothfuss J, Adam H. [Current legislation in public health--an example for post-modern social ethics?]. Gesundheitswesen 1996; 58:505-9. [PMID: 9035779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Social ethics of affirmative postmodernists are discussed in relation to recent German health care legislation. It could be shown that: 1. the health care legislation 1989 and 1993 only partially fulfills the postmodern call for "cultivation of individual responsibility", 2. both laws largely fail to enforce the principle of subsidiarity, and 3. postmodernist thinking is weak on the question of global strategies but strong In the area of individualism and subjectivity. We conclude that postmodern social ethics are useful to compensate areas largely neglected by recent German health care legislation, rather than that the legislation is an example of postmodern social ethics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rothfuss
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
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Arpadi SM, Markowitz LE, Baughman AL, Shah K, Adam H, Wiznia A, Lambert G, Dobroszycki J, Heath JL, Bellini WJ. Measles antibody in vaccinated human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children. Pediatrics 1996; 97:653-7. [PMID: 8628602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goals of this study were to evaluate the proportion of previously vaccinated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected children with detectable postvaccination measles antibody; to assess risk factors for vaccine failure; and to evaluate the response to reimmunization. METHODS A total of 81 perinatally HIV-infected children receiving medical care in the Bronx, New York who had previously received measles vaccine were enrolled. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HIV class, lymphocyte subsets, and measles antibody were determined upon enrollment. Additional data abstracted from medical records included dates and number of prior measles vaccinations and CDC HIV class at the time of vaccination. Measles antibody was determined by microneutralization enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The median age at time of study was 42 months (range, 9 to 168 months). Overall, 58 (72%) subjects had detectable measles antibody (microneutralization ELISA titer > 1:5). Children studied within 1 year of vaccination were more likely to have detectable measles antibody than children evaluated more than 1 year after vaccination (83% vs 52%, P < .01). The proportion of children with detectable measles antibody was higher among children with no or moderate immunosuppression compared to those with severe immunosuppression when immune status was based on CD4%. Children vaccinated at 6 to 11 months of age appeared to have a higher proportion of detectable measles antibody than those who received a first measles vaccination after age 1. Only 1 (14%) of 7 previously vaccinated children who were seronegative or had very low titers experienced a four-fold rise in measles antibody when reimmunized. CONCLUSION These results support current recommendations to vaccinate HIV-infected children against measles. The proportion of children with detectable measles antibody among vaccinated HIV-infected children is considerably lower than in vaccinated healthy children. HIV-infected children may respond better to measles vaccine when it is administered before the first birthday. From our limited data it appears that reimmunization of previously vaccinated HIV-infected children with moderate to severe immunosuppression does not result in an antibody recall response.
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Pestalozzi BC, Vass A, Adam H, Horber DH, Schwendener RA, Sauter C. Phase II study of liposome-complexed mitoxantrone in patients with advanced breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 1995; 31A:1024. [PMID: 7646906 DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)00010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Bauer H, Sonnleitner U, Lametschwandtner A, Steiner M, Adam H, Bauer HC. Ontogenic expression of the erythroid-type glucose transporter (Glut 1) in the telencephalon of the mouse: correlation to the tightening of the blood-brain barrier. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 1995; 86:317-25. [PMID: 7656423 DOI: 10.1016/0165-3806(95)00044-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Since Glut 1 was shown to be highly abundant in brain microvessels, its distribution during early developmental stages seems of importance in respect to the timing of blood-brain barrier (bbb) formation in the developing CNS. Here we have followed the temporal expression of the erythroid-type glucose transporter Glut 1 in the telencephalon of the embryonic and newborn mouse, beginning at the 9th intrauterine day. Glut 1 immunofluorescence staining was done on cryosections using a rabbit polyclonal antiserum to purified human erythrocyte glucose transporter. Endothelial cells resp. capillaries were detected by staining with a rhodamin-coupled Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin (BSL). In parallel, the developmental tightening of the embryonic bbb was assessed by perfusion of mouse embryos with Trypan blue and horse radish-peroxidase. At E9, prior to the onset of intraneural neovascularization, strong Glut 1 immunoreactivity was found in the whole neuroectoderm but only minor staining was seen in the perineural domain. Glut 1 expression remained uniformly distributed in the intraneural tissue at E10, the beginning of intraneural neovascularization in the mouse. From E11 onwards, Glut 1 immunoreactivity was invisible in neuroepithelial cells, but appeared tightly associated with intraneural capillaries. Perfusion of E12 embryos using trypan blue solution and HRP revealed that most parts of the CNS and spinal cord were impermeable to the tracer substances at that stage. Thus, we suggest that the bbb is established very early in CNS development, probably in the course of intraneural neovascularization. In addition, our data indicate that the restriction of Glut 1 expression to the intraneural capillaries reflects the onset of bbb function in the mouse embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bauer
- Institute of Zoology, University of Salzburg, Austria
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