1
|
Ahmadi M, Ahadi S, Khadembashiri MA, Khadembashiri MM, Mahalleh M, AziziKia H, Zare HR, Rakhshan Khah AS, Hekmat H, Daroudi R, Akbari Sari A. Burden of ischemic heart disease in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and attributable risk factors: An epidemiological analysis from 1990 to 2019. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2024; 50:101316. [PMID: 38419602 PMCID: PMC10899721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Despite the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD), there remains a paucity of research on the incidence, mortality, and burden of this condition in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and the risk factors associated with IHD in the MENA region. Methods This study was performed based on the GBD study 2019 data. We retrieved the data related to the epidemiology and burden of IHD, including prevalence, incidence, years of life lost due to premature death (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and mortality at the global level and in MENA countries across years and sexes. Results IHD accounted for approximately 2.55 million (95 % UI 2.29-2.83) incident cases in MENA in 2019, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 613.87 (95 % UI 555.84-675.16) per 100 000 people, which has decreased by 9 % between 1990 and 2019. IHD accounted for 11.01 % of DALYs causes in MENA in 2019, an increase of 68 % compared to 1990. The DALYs rate from IHD increased with age in both men and women and was higher in men than in women in all age groups, except 85-89 years age-group, in 2019. Conclusion The age-standardized prevalence and incidence of IHD are decreasing in MENA. However, this reduction is lower than the global level, which can be due to a weaker performance of the countries in the region in reducing the prevalence and incidence of the disease compared to the global average.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmadi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shana Ahadi
- School of Medicine, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mehrdad Mahalleh
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hani AziziKia
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Zare
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- School of Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rajabali Daroudi
- Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari Sari
- School of Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hekmat H, Rasooli A, Siami Z, Rutajengwa KA, Vahabi Z, Mirzadeh FA. A Review of Antibiotic Efficacy in COVID-19 Control. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:6687437. [PMID: 37854054 PMCID: PMC10581857 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6687437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory disease is associated with chronic secondary infections that exacerbate symptoms and mortality. So far, many drugs have been introduced to treat this disease, none of which effectively control the coronavirus. Numerous studies have shown that mitochondria, as the center of cell biogenesis, are vulnerable to drugs, especially antibiotics. Antibiotics were widely prescribed during the early phase of the pandemic. We performed a literature review to assess the reasons, evidence, and practices on the use of antibiotics in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in- and outpatients. The current research found widespread usage of antibiotics, mostly in an empirical context, among COVID-19 hospitalized patients. The effectiveness of this approach has not been established. Given the high death rate linked with secondary infections in COVID-19 patients and the developing antimicrobial resistance, further study is urgently needed to identify the most appropriate rationale for antibiotic therapy in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Hekmat
- Cardiology Department, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aziz Rasooli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Siami
- Department of Infectious Disease, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kauthar Amir Rutajengwa
- Medical School Department, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Vahabi
- Geriatric Department, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cognitive Neurology and Neuropsychiatry Division, Psychiatry Department, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohammadi K, Shojaeifard M, Mirtajaddini M, Hekmat H, Davoudi Z, Erfanifar A. Right Ventricular Function Indices at Rest and During Exercise in Hyperthyroid Patients: A Cross-sectional Study. Iran J Med Sci 2023; 48:313-320. [PMID: 37791329 PMCID: PMC10542928 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2022.92556.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Since hyperthyroidism could be associated with right ventricular dysfunction, this study intended to investigate right ventricular (RV) function using strain echocardiography in hyperthyroid patients both at rest and in maximum-stress conditions. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran, Iran, from January 2019 to January 2020. All study participants completed a maximum treadmill exercise test, as well as a complete two-dimensional echocardiogram at rest and the peak of stress test. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The independent samples t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for numerical, and the Chi square test was used for nominal variables. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The final analysis included 52 participants (26 subjects in each group). In a maximal stress situation, we found that among the RV function indices, RV global longitudinal strain (P=0.0001), systolic strain rate (P=0.0001), diastolic strain rate (P=0.0002), and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (P=0.019) were reduced significantly in the hyperthyroid patients compared to the control group. There was also a linear correlation between RV size and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level (P=0.009, r=0.36). Moreover, we found a negative linear correlation between TSH level with maximum stress RV strain and diastolic strain rate (P<0.001). Conclusion The findings of the present study revealed a significant change in RV function indices among hyperthyroid patients. Therefore, it highlights the necessity of early diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism, as well as RV function evaluation in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadije Mohammadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Shojaeifard
- Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mirtajaddini
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- School of Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Davoudi
- Department of Endocrinology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Erfanifar
- Department of Endocrinology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Momayez Sanat Z, Ghorashi SM, Ajir A, Fazeli A, Hekmat H, Omidi N. Evaluation of the Correlation between Coronary Artery Disease and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Is There Any Correlation? J Tehran Heart Cent 2023; 18:10-15. [PMID: 37252222 PMCID: PMC10225029 DOI: 10.18502/jthc.v18i1.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are 2 common diseases around the globe. This investigation aimed to evaluate NAFLD prevalence in patients with CAD and the potential association between NAFLD and CAD. Methods This case-control study was performed between January 2017 and January 2018 at Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran, Iran. All patients aged between 35 and 5 years and referred for myocardial perfusion imaging were selected for the study. Totally, 180 participants were divided into CAD+ and CAD- groups. CAD was defined as stenosis of greater than 50.0% in at least 1 coronary artery. Afterward, all the patients underwent abdominal sonography and laboratory tests for NAFLD evaluation. Patients with a history of liver diseases, alcohol consumption, and drug-induced steatosis were excluded. Results The study population consisted of 122 women (67.8%) and 58 men (32.2%) at a mean age of 49.31±5.42 years. NAFLD was detected in 115 patients. NAFLD prevalence in the CAD+ group was 78.9%. NAFLD was determined as an independent risk factor for CAD (OR, 3.9). Conclusion NAFLD prevalence was high in the CAD+ group. The incidence of steatosis is on the rise in the general population. Hence, considering the high prevalence of abdominal obesity, all patients with NAFLD should be evaluated for CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Momayez Sanat
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Ghorashi
- Department of MPH, Shiraz School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Ajir
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Fazeli
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- Department of Cardiology, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Omidi
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zendehdel A, Jamalimoghadamsiahkal S, Arshadi M, Godarzi F, SHahrousvand S, Hekmat H, Sekhavatimoghadam E, Badrkhahan SZ, Riahi M, Akbarzadeh I, Bidkhori M. Survival Analysis of COVID-19 Patients Based on Different Levels of D-dimer and Coagulation Factors. Biomed Environ Sci 2022; 35:957-961. [PMID: 36443273 PMCID: PMC9639802 DOI: 10.3967/bes2022.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Zendehdel
- Geriatric Department, Associate professor of internal medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maedeh Arshadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Godarzi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokouh SHahrousvand
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sekhavatimoghadam
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mina Riahi
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Managment and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isa Akbarzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bidkhori
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hekmat H, Vahabi Z, Shojaeifard M, Mirzadeh FS. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; An under-diagnosed and rare complication of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2022; 14:201-204. [DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2022.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors play a key role in the treatment of patients who have acute coronary syndromes and undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. However, its serious complication is diffused alveolar hemorrhage. A 73-year-old diabetic woman presented with chest pain and dynamic ST elevation in ECG and positive troponin. She had occlusion in two coronary arteries and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. The eptifibatide was administered. After hours, she showed respiratory symptoms, as well as drop of blood pressure and hemoglobin. All differential diagnoses suggested for her clinical presentation were evaluated, and finally, on the sixth day diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was diagnosed. Although respiratory symptoms such as hemoptysis and dyspnea may occur as complications of pulmonary edema and/or pneumonia, assumed clinical suspicion for pulmonary hemorrhage leading to early detection of it. Moreover, there is no definitive guideline for decreased bleeding complications and treatment of alveolar hemorrhage caused by glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Hekmat
- Department of Cardiology, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Vahabi
- Neurology Geriatric Department, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shojaeifard
- Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Mirzadeh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Firouzi A, Hosseini Z, Norouzi Z, Hosseini Z, Amirpour A, Talakoob H, Amin A, Soleimani A, Moradifar N, Karbalai S, Mozafarybazargani M, Hekmat H, Maleki M, Sadeghipour P, Mirbod SM, Ghorbanpoor Kohnaki M, Bakhshandeh H, Kalaei Nia M, Habibizade FS, Iraninejad S, Baay M, Khalilipur E. The Pragmatic Role of COVID-19 on the Thrombus Grade of Patients with Contemporary ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Tehran Heart Cent 2022; 17:103-111. [PMID: 37252079 PMCID: PMC10222945 DOI: 10.18502/jthc.v17i3.10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Limited data exist on the clinical outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presenting with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods This multicenter study, conducted in 6 centers in Iran, aimed to compare baseline clinical and procedural data between a case group, comprising STEMI patients with COVID-19, and a control group, comprising STEMI patients before the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine in-hospital infarct-related artery thrombus grades and major adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), defined as a composite of deaths from any cause (cardiovascular and noncardiovascular), nonfatal strokes, and stent thrombosis. Results No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups regarding baseline characteristics. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) was performed in 72.9% of the cases and 98.5% of the controls (P=0.043), and primary coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 6.2% of the cases and 1.4% of the controls (P=0.048). Successful PPCI procedures (final TIMI flow grade III) were significantly fewer in the case group (66.5% vs 93.5%; P=0.001). The baseline thrombus grade before wire crossing was not statistically significantly different between the 2 groups. The summation of thrombus grades IV and V was 75% in the case group and 82% in the control group (P=0.432). The rate of MACCEs was 14.5% and 2.1% in the case and control groups, respectively (P=0.002). Conclusion In our study, the thrombus grade had no significant differences between the case and control groups; however, the in-hospital rates of the no-reflow phenomenon, periprocedural MI, mechanical complications, and MACCEs were statistically significantly higher in the case group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ata Firouzi
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Norouzi
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Hosseini
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Amirpour
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Talakoob
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arash Amin
- Lorestan Heart Center, Madani Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Abad, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Abbas Soleimani
- Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrolah Moradifar
- Lorestan Heart Center, Madani Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Abad, Lorestan, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Sadeghipour
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Mahnaz Mirbod
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Ghorbanpoor Kohnaki
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Bakhshandeh
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Kalaei Nia
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadate Habibizade
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Iraninejad
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Baay
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Khalilipur
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shakerian B, Dehghani S, Ashraf H, Karbalai S, Soleimani A, Rezaeefar A, Shajari Z, Hekmat H, Latifi M, Sadatnaseri A. The outcomes of marginal donor hearts compared with ideal donors: a single-center experience in Iran. Korean J Transplant 2022; 36:136-142. [PMID: 35919203 PMCID: PMC9296973 DOI: 10.4285/kjt.22.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heart transplantation has been considered the gold-standard treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. This study assessed the survival outcomes of marginal donor hearts compared with ideal donor hearts in Iran. Methods This retrospective study is based on the follow-up data of heart donors and recipients in the Sina Hospital Organ Procurement Unit. Among the 93 participants, 75 were categorized as ideal donors (group A) and 18 as marginal donors (group B). Group C included heart recipients who received a standard organ, and group D included heart recipients who received a marginal one. To analyze differences in patient characteristics among the groups, posttransplant heart survival was assessed in all groups. All data were obtained from the hospital records. Results The mean age of the donors was 26.27±11.44 years (median age, 28 years). The marginal age showed a significant association with donor age. The age of recipients had a significant effect on survival days in the ideal group. Most patients survived for at least 1 year, with a median of 645 days in recipients from marginal donors and 689 days in recipients from ideal donors. Conclusions Considering the lack of organ availability in Iran, it may be possible to use marginal donors for marginal recipients, therefore reducing the number of people on the waitlist. We also recommend establishing a national marginal donor system specifically for Iranian patients to extend the donor pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Shakerian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dehghani
- Organ Procurement Unit, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haleh Ashraf
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center (CPPRC), Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Karbalai
- Department of Cardiology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Soleimani
- Department of Cardiology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Rezaeefar
- Department of Cardiology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shajari
- Department of Cardiology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Latifi
- Organ Procurement Unit, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Sadatnaseri
- Department of Cardiology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shojaeifard M, Omidi N, Erami S, Dehghani Mohammad Abadi H, Hekmat H, Ghorashi SM, Sarrafi Rad N. Mechanical tricuspid valve thrombosis: A midterm follow‐up study. J Card Surg 2022; 37:855-864. [DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shojaeifard
- Departement of Echocardiography, Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Negar Omidi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Tehran Heart Center (THC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sajad Erami
- Departemnet of Cardiology Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- Interventional Cardiology, Cardiology Department, Ziaeian Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Seyyed M. Ghorashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Tehran Heart Center (THC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Negar Sarrafi Rad
- Departemnet of Echocardiography, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fattahi N, Goodarzi A, Alizadeh-Khoei M, Miri S, Hekmat H, Bodaghabadi M, Nikkhah F. A Comprehensive Review on COVID-19 Infection and Comorbidities of Various Organs. ACTA 2021. [DOI: 10.18502/acta.v59i1.5396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, underlying diseases such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory illness, liver and kidney disease or malignancies, have a critical prognostic role for these patients. Due to the increased risk of mortality in patients with established or new-onset comorbidities, we decided to conduct a study to further investigate the possible comorbidities and treatment recommendations of COVID-19. All articles published by March 25, 2020, on the new coronavirus infection were reviewed and for cutaneous manifestation as a new emerging concern, by April 25, 2020. ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed databases were searched, and keywords such as "COVID-19", "2019- nCoV", "Coronavirus2019", "SARS-CoV-2”, and "comorbidity" have been used. The most important comorbidity in elderly patients with confirmedCOVID-19 was cardiovascular disease, followed by diabetes and chronic respiratory disease, respectively, and on the other hand, COVID-19 itself could cause acute heart, lung, liver, kidney, and skin disease. Also, the prevalence of underlying diseases in dead patients or patients with severe COVID-19 is higher than the others. Considering treatment, drug interactions, and careful drug adjustment based on hepatic and renal metabolism are essential. The results of this study showed that the mortality rate and ICU admission in people with the underlying disease is higher than in other people. Also, we must pay attention to the possible multi-organ damages and comorbidities for the protection and successful treatment of COVID-19. There are some comorbidities like primary cutaneous manifestations that may have diagnostic or prognostic values in the COVID-19 course.
Collapse
|
11
|
Mohamadi M, Goodarzi A, Aryannejad A, Fattahi N, Alizadeh-Khoei M, Miri S, Hekmat H, Payab M, Bodaghabadi M. Geriatric challenges in the new coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic: A systematic review. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2020. [DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.34.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
12
|
Mohamadi M, Goodarzi A, Aryannejad A, Fattahi N, Alizadeh-Khoei M, Miri S, Hekmat H, Payab M, Bodaghabadi M. Geriatric challenges in the new coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic: A systematic review. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2020; 34:123. [PMID: 33437719 PMCID: PMC7787036 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.34.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, elderly individuals (with the chronological age of 65 years and above) are more susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 infection complications due to altered immune system response and the higher rate of underlying comorbidities. A vast majority of mortalities are reported in elderly patients; thus, this study aimed to evaluate complications of COVID-19 in elderly patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to MOOSE guidelines. Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed databases were searched for published articles related to COVID-19 in the elderly up to March 26, 2020. Search MeSh terms included "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2", "2019-nCoV", "SARS-CoV-2", "comorbidity", "elderly", and "geriatrics". Results: In total 1360 potentially relevant articles were screened, of which 35 were relevant and their full texts were considered for the review. Organ damages to the pulmonary system, cardiovascular, liver, and renal system are more prevalent in the elderly with SARS-CoV-2 infection. As the chance of multiorgan involvement is more common among elderly patients, preventive, multidisciplinary, and holistic evaluations are essential to reduce disease consequences. Conclusion: More attention needs to be paid to elderly individuals in the quarantine. Social contact should be made and maintained through online facilities, media, and phone calls to ensure patients' mental health during this stressful situation. Also, they should be provided with enough food and medications by their families or friends. Also, providing social and volunteer services might play an important role in the mental health of those patients who have no social network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Mohamadi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Goodarzi
- Department of Dermatology, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Aryannejad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Fattahi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Alizadeh-Khoei
- Clinical Gerontology & Geriatric Department, Ziaeian Hospital, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Miri
- Department of Neurology, MedStar Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States
| | - Hamidreza Hekmat
- Department of Cardiology, Ziaeian Hospital, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism MolecularCellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bodaghabadi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pirzadroozbahani N, Ahmadi SAY, Hekmat H, Roozbahani GA, Shahsavar F. Autism and KIR genes of the human genome: A brief meta-analysis. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
14
|
van der Veer WM, Hekmat H, Mulder CJJ, Jacobs MAJM. [Double-balloon enteroscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with unexplained gastrointestinal blood loss]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2007; 151:2077-2081. [PMID: 17948821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In 3 patients, 2 women aged 56 and 57 and a 65-year-old man, who presented with overt and occult gastrointestinal bleeding, no focus of the bleeding could be found during gastroscopy and colonoscopy. The patients were then examined and treated by double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE). DBE is a relatively new endoscopic technique that allows high-resolution visualisation of the entire small intestine with full endoscopic instrumentation. The 56-year-old woman had coeliac disease and an enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma with stenoses over approximately 150 cm of bowel length. She was given chemotherapy and responded well. The 57-year-old woman suffered from Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome with multiple angiodysplasias in the small intestine. She was treated 5 times with argon plasma coagulation during DBE, for more than 40 angiodysplasias, and thereafter no longer needed blood transfusions. The 65-year-old man had a history of recurrent melanoma. During DBE, multiple metastases of a melanoma in the small intestine were found and tattooed. The tumours were later surgically excised, with no further metastases in the following 2 years. DBE has proven to be a good diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of small intestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M van der Veer
- VU Medisch Centrum, afd. Maag-, Darm- en Leverziekten, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Staats PS, Hekmat H, Sauter P, Lillemoe K. The effects of alcohol celiac plexus block, pain, and mood on longevity in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Pain Med 2004; 2:28-34. [PMID: 15102315 DOI: 10.1046/j.1526-4637.2001.002001028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This additional analysis of data from a previously reported prospective trial comparing the effect of intraoperative alcohol or saline placebo neurolytic block in patients with pancreatic cancer was conducted in response to the development of a new theory, which explores the relationship of negative mood states to pain, pain-related behavior, and ultimately, longevity. METHODS The original study used a double-blind procedure to randomly assign 139 patients with histologically proven, unresectable pancreatic cancer to receive either an alcohol or a saline block. Data on visual analog pain, mood, and interference with activity were collected preoperatively and every 2 months postoperatively until death. The current analysis was conducted on the complete data sets received from 130 patients. Demographic data were submitted to chi-square analysis and to univariate and multivariate analysis of variance. Univariate and multivariate analyses of variance also compared 1) the effect of alcohol versus saline on pain, mood, interference of pain with activities, and longevity and 2) the impact of mood on pain with longevity as the dependent variable. Correlation and regression analyses examined the impact of mood on life expectancy. RESULTS The alcohol intervention had a significant positive effect on life duration and mood scores. High negative mood states correlated significantly with an increase in visual analog pain, the rating of pain intensity at its worse, and pain interference with patients' activities. CONCLUSION In these subjects, the neurolytic block, as compared with medical management alone, improved pain, elevated mood, reduced pain interference with activity, and was associated with an increase in life expectancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Staats
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of pain anxiety and a placebo/nocebo/neutral intervention on ice water-induced pain. DESIGN We divided 72 volunteers into high- and low-anxiety groups before randomly assigning them to experimental and control subgroups. METHOD Participants completed preimmersion tests of pain anxiety, pain worry, and mood. We scored first immersion pain behavior, experience, and intensity. Each subgroup then received an instruction designed to elicit a positive (placebo), negative (nocebo), or neutral response. After repeating the pain worry test, we gathered second immersion pain scores, and participants repeated the mood test, completed the treatment credibility measure, and were debriefed. OUTCOME MEASURES We used the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale; self-rating Likert-type scales for pain worry, pain intensity, and pain-coping; the Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist (mood); timed measurements for pain threshold and pain tolerance; and a treatment credibility scale. RESULTS Pain anxiety and the placebo interventions significantly altered participants' pain scores, with best-to-worse scores reported by the low pain-anxiety/placebo, high anxiety/placebo, low anxiety/neutral, low anxiety/nocebo, high anxiety neutral, and high anxiety/nocebo groups. The high pain-anxiety group demonstrated the greatest response to the placebo/nocebo intervention in the expected directions in pain, worry, and anxious mood scores and in decreased self-confidence in managing pain (this was also negatively affected by the nocebo in each pain-anxiety group). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the interaction of the personality variable of pain anxiety with the placebo/nocebo response has an impact on pain, worry, and mood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Staats
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The extent to which perceived control over anxiety-related events contributes to the experience of pain was investigated. It was hypothesized that perceived control over anxiety-related events would predict pain behaviors induced via a cold pressor task because perceived control may alter the meaning of a pain-inducing stimulus. Eighty undergraduate students completed the Anxiety Control Questionnaire. Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Heart rate was assessed prior to hand immersion. Participants then immersed their dominant hand in ice water and rated pain intensity at their pain threshold and tolerance times. Results indicate that perceived control over anixiety-related events predicts pain tolerance and endurance (i.e., overt pain response) but not pain intensity. threshold, or heart rate. It appears that the psychological process variable of perceived control over anxiety-related events uniquely influences participants' ability to cope with the experience of pain by altering the perceived threat of the acute pain induced via a cold pressor task.
Collapse
|
18
|
Staats PS, Hekmat H, Staats AW. Comment on Montgomery and Kirsch, PAIN, 72 (1997) 107-113. Pain 1998; 76:268-70. [PMID: 9696484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
19
|
Abstract
This study explores the effect of positive and negative placebo suggestions on pain induced by hand exposures to ice water. Thirty-six participants were randomly assigned to one of the following interventions: (a) positive placebo suggestion, (b) negative placebo suggestion, and (c) control. The positive placebo-suggestion participants were given favorable messages about the beneficial effects of ice-water hand immersion. The negative placebo-suggestion group was given messages depicting the negative effects of exposure to ice water. The control groups were given neutral messages about exposure to ice water. Participants rehearsed the messages and focused on them during their second hand exposures. Results indicate that both the positive and negative placebo-suggestion interventions significantly altered participants' pain threshold, pain tolerance, and pain endurance. Participants exposed to a positive placebo condition tolerated pain better than a neutral condition. Participants exposed to a negative placebo did not tolerate pain as well as participants with a neutral condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Staats
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
This study explores the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMD/R) in the management of acute pain induced by hand exposures to ice water. Thirty participants were randomly assigned to one of the following interventions: (a) eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, (b) eye movement desensitization with music (EMD/M), and (c) control. The EMD/R participants focused on negative experiences associated with exposure to ice water, generated positive self-talk, and diverted their attention away from pain by focusing on a rapidly moving light on a monitor. The EMD with music group received eye movement desensitization coupled with preferred music. Repeated measures univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results indicated that both procedures alleviated participants' pain to a similar degree and significantly more than the control, P < 0.05.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Hekmat
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point 54481
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Paradigmatic behavior therapy was applied to alter the maladaptive nutritional habits of a 41-year-old depressed female. The client's activities, affect, and cognitions were self-monitored, along with daily intake of processed sugar and fruits and vegetables. The intervention program included contingency contracting and the production of pleasant affective states. The program promoted a favorable attitude toward fruits and vegetables and led to a significant increase in their consumption with significant decrements in sugar intake. The client became less tense and depressed. The favorable effects were maintained at a 5-month follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L J Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 53201
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hekmat H, Lubitz R, Deal R. Semantic desensitization: a paradigmatic intervention approach to anxiety disorders. J Clin Psychol 1984; 40:463-6. [PMID: 6144696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Studied the effectiveness of semantic desensitization in alleviating public speaking anxiety. Thirty speech-anxious clients, matched on the severity of their problem, were assigned randomly to one of the following treatment conditions: (a) semantic desensitization; (b) attention placebo; and (c) waiting list control. The semantic desensitization group received a self-instructional, anticipatory-anxiety hierarchy paired with visually induced, relaxing, pleasant scenes. Semantic desensitization therapy resulted in significant reductions of both the affective and behavioral components of anxiety as compared to the two controls. The placebo control also showed improvement in several indices of subjective anxiety as compared to the no-treatment waiting list control. The beneficial effects of semantic desensitization therapy were maintained on follow-up.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Using subjects' own reports of serious suicidal thought, a group of American university students were divided into two groups in terms of contemplated suicide. The group admitting serious suicidal thoughts ( N = 111) differed significantly from the nonsuicidal group ( N = 356) on 7 of the 9 personality dimensions covered by Lanyon's Psychological Screening Inventory and Eysenck's PEN Questionnaire. The suicidal group on the whole presents a much more disturbed and pathological profile than the nonsuicidal group.
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Mehryar AH, Khajavi F, Hekmat H. Comparison of Eysenck's PEN and Lanyon's Psychological Screening Inventory in a group of American students. J Consult Clin Psychol 1975; 43:9-12. [PMID: 1114246 DOI: 10.1037/h0076296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
26
|
|
27
|
|
28
|
|
29
|
|
30
|
|
31
|
Hekmat H, Lee YB. Conditioning of affective self-references as a function of semantic meaning of verbal reinforcers. J Abnorm Psychol 1970; 76:427-33. [PMID: 5490710 DOI: 10.1037/h0030175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
32
|
Phelan JG, Tang T, Hekmat H. Some effects of various schedules of verbal reinforcement on self-reference responses. J Psychol 1967; 67:17-24. [PMID: 6059474 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.1967.10543046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
33
|
Abstract
In this study neutral syllables pre-rated on Osgood's semantic differential scale were presented as names of blocks. After negative meaning was associated with the syllable XEH Ss re-rated the syllables on three descriptive scales. This conditioning of meaning was established by using unpleasant, weak, and mixed weak-unpleasant evaluative words. These affects were shown to be conditionable to the syllable XEH, to be transferable to a wooden block named XEH, and to be able to modify S's non-verbal behavior toward the labeled object, block XEH. The application of such words as negative reinforcers in psychotherapy was endorsed.
Collapse
|