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Russell B, Hadi H, Moss CL, Green S, Haire A, Wylie H, Handford J, Monroy-Iglesias M, Dickinson H, Haire K, Van Hemelrijck M. The experience of surgical cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic at a large cancer centre in London. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:321. [PMID: 38691178 PMCID: PMC11062958 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08528-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enormous impact on the experiences of patients across all health disciplines, especially those of cancer patients. The study aimed to understand the experiences of cancer patients who underwent surgery during the first two waves of the pandemic at Guy's Cancer Centre, which is a large tertiary cancer centre in London. METHODS A mixed-methods approach was adopted for this study. Firstly, a survey was co-designed by the research team and a patient study group. Patients who underwent surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic were invited to take part in this survey. Results were analysed descriptively. Three discussion groups were then conducted to focus on the main themes from the survey findings: communication, COVID-19 risk management and overall experience. These discussion groups were transcribed verbatim and underwent a thematic analysis using the NVivo software package. RESULTS Out of 1657 patients invited, a total of 250 (15%) participants took part in the survey with a mean age of 66 (SD 12.8) and 52% females. The sample was representative of a wide range of tumour sites and was reflective of those invited to take part. Overall, the experience of the cancer patients was positive. They felt that the safety protocols implemented at the hospital were effective. Communication was considered key, and patients were receptive to a change in the mode of communication from in-person to virtual. CONCLUSIONS Despite the immense challenges faced by our Cancer Centre, patients undergoing surgery during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic had a generally positive experience with minimal disruptions to their planned surgery and ongoing care. Together with the COVID-19 safety precautions, effective communication between the clinical teams and the patients helped the overall patient experience during their surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Russell
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Hajer Hadi
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte L Moss
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Saran Green
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Haire
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Harriet Wylie
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jasmine Handford
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Monroy-Iglesias
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kate Haire
- South-East London Cancer Alliance, London, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
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Jain U, Hamed H, Dickinson H, Kothari A. Immediate Implant and ADM based Breast Reconstruction during the COVID 19 Pandemic . European Journal of Surgical Oncology 2022. [PMCID: PMC8869436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Monroy‐Iglesias MJ, Rai S, Mistretta FA, Roberts G, Dickinson H, Russell B, Moss C, De Berardinis R, Ferro M, Musi G, Brown C, Nair R, Thurairaja R, Fernando A, Cathcart P, Khan A, Dasgupta P, Malde S, Hadijpavlou M, Dolly S, Haire K, Tagliabue M, Cobelli O, Challacombe B, Van Hemelrijck M. Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on urological cancers: The surgical experience of two cancer hubs in London and Milan. BJUI Compass 2022; 3:277-286. [PMID: 35783588 PMCID: PMC9231679 DOI: 10.1002/bco2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Monroy‐Iglesias
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR) King's College London London UK
| | - Sonpreet Rai
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | | | | | | | - Beth Russell
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR) King's College London London UK
| | - Charlotte Moss
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR) King's College London London UK
| | - Rita De Berardinis
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery European Institute of Oncology IRCCS Milan Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology European Institute of Oncology IRCCS Milan Italy
| | - Gennaro Musi
- Division of Urology European Institute of Oncology IRCCS Milan Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato‐oncology University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Christian Brown
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Rajesh Nair
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Ramesh Thurairaja
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Archana Fernando
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Paul Cathcart
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Azhar Khan
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Prokar Dasgupta
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Sachin Malde
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Marios Hadijpavlou
- Department of Urology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Saoirse Dolly
- Department of Medical Oncology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Kate Haire
- South East London Cancer Alliance London UK
| | - Marta Tagliabue
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery European Institute of Oncology IRCCS Milan Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy
| | - Ottavio Cobelli
- Division of Urology European Institute of Oncology IRCCS Milan Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato‐oncology University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Ben Challacombe
- Division of Urology European Institute of Oncology IRCCS Milan Italy
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR) King's College London London UK
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Fraser S, Baranowski R, Patrini D, Nandi J, Al-Sahaf M, Smelt J, Hoffman R, Santhirakumaran G, Lee M, Wali A, Dickinson H, Jadoon M, Harrison-Phipps K, King J, Pilling J, Bille A, Okiror L, Stamenkovic S, Waller D, Wilson H, Jordan S, Begum S, Buderi S, Tan C, Hunt I, Vaughan P, Jenkins M, Hayward M, Lawrence D, Beddow E, Anikin V, Mani A, Finch J, Maheswaran H, Lim E, Routledge T, Lau K, Harling L. Maintaining safe lung cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in a global city. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 39:101085. [PMID: 34430839 PMCID: PMC8376626 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 has challenged health service provision worldwide. This work evaluates safe surgical pathways and standard operating procedures implemented in the high volume, global city of London during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also assess the safety of minimally invasive surgery(MIS) for anatomical lung resection. METHODS This multicentre cohort study was conducted across all London thoracic surgical units, covering a catchment area of approximately 14.8 Million. A Pan-London Collaborative was created for data sharing and dissemination of protocols. All patients undergoing anatomical lung resection 1st March-1st June 2020 were included. Primary outcomes were SARS-CoV-2 infection, access to minimally invasive surgery, post-operative complication, length of intensive care and hospital stay (LOS), and death during follow up. FINDINGS 352 patients underwent anatomical lung resection with a median age of 69 (IQR: 35-86) years. Self-isolation and pre-operative screening were implemented following the UK national lockdown. Pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 swabs were performed in 63.1% and CT imaging in 54.8%. 61.7% of cases were performed minimally invasively (MIS), compared to 59.9% pre pandemic. Median LOS was 6 days with a 30-day survival of 98.3% (comparable to a median LOS of 6 days and 30-day survival of 98.4% pre-pandemic). Significant complications developed in 7.3% of patients (Clavien-Dindo Grade 3-4) and 12 there were re-admissions(3.4%). Seven patients(2.0%) were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, two of whom died (28.5%). INTERPRETATION SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly increases morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing elective anatomical pulmonary resection. However, surgery can be safely undertaken via open and MIS approaches at the peak of a viral pandemic if precautionary measures are implemented. High volume surgery should continue during further viral peaks to minimise health service burden and potential harm to cancer patients. FUNDING This work did not receive funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fraser
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ralitsa Baranowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Davide Patrini
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jay Nandi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - May Al-Sahaf
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Smelt
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Hoffman
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michelle Lee
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anuj Wali
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mehmood Jadoon
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Juliet King
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Pilling
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Bille
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence Okiror
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sasha Stamenkovic
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Waller
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henrietta Wilson
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Jordan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sofina Begum
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silviu Buderi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Hunt
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Vaughan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Jenkins
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Hayward
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Lawrence
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Beddow
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Anikin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksander Mani
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Finch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eric Lim
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Routledge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kelvin Lau
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Harling
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
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5
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Monroy-Iglesias MJ, Tagliabue M, Dickinson H, Roberts G, De Berardinis R, Russell B, Moss C, Irwin S, Olsburgh J, Cocco IMF, Schizas A, McCrindle S, Nath R, Brunet A, Simo R, Tornari C, Srinivasan P, Prachalias A, Davies A, Geh J, Fraser S, Routledge T, Ma R, Doerge E, Challacombe B, Nair R, Hadjipavlou M, Scarpinata R, Sorelli P, Dolly S, Mistretta FA, Musi G, Casiraghi M, Aloisi A, Dell’Acqua A, Scaglione D, Zanoni S, Rampazio Da Silva D, Brambilla D, Bertolotti R, Peruzzotti G, Maggioni A, de Cobelli O, Spaggiari L, Ansarin M, Mastrilli F, Gandini S, Jain U, Hamed H, Haire K, Van Hemelrijck M. Continuity of Cancer Care: The Surgical Experience of Two Large Cancer Hubs in London and Milan. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071597. [PMID: 33808375 PMCID: PMC8036608 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a large effect on the management of cancer patients. This study reports on the approach and outcomes of cancer patients receiving radical surgery with curative intent between March and September 2020 (in comparison to 2019) in the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (IEO) in Milan and the South East London Cancer Alliance (SELCA). Both institutions implemented a COVID-19 minimal pathway where patients were required to self-isolate prior to admission and were swabbed for COVID-19 within 72 h of surgery. Positive patients had surgery deferred until a negative swab. At IEO, radical surgeries declined by 6% as compared to the same period in 2019 (n = 1477 vs. 1560, respectively). Readmissions were required for 3% (n = 41), and <1% (n = 9) developed COVID-19, of which only one had severe disease and died. At SELCA, radical surgeries declined by 34% (n = 1553 vs. 2336). Readmissions were required for 11% (n = 36), <1% (n = 7) developed COVID-19, and none died from it. Whilst a decline in number of surgeries was observed in both centres, the implemented COVID-19 minimal pathways have shown to be safe for cancer patients requiring radical treatment, with limited complications and almost no COVID-19 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Monroy-Iglesias
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (B.R.); (C.M.); (M.V.H.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.M.-I.); (R.D.B.)
| | - Marta Tagliabue
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.A.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Harvey Dickinson
- South East London Cancer Alliance, London SE1 9RT, UK; (H.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (A.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Graham Roberts
- South East London Cancer Alliance, London SE1 9RT, UK; (H.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (A.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Rita De Berardinis
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.M.-I.); (R.D.B.)
| | - Beth Russell
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (B.R.); (C.M.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Charlotte Moss
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (B.R.); (C.M.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Sophie Irwin
- South East London Cancer Alliance, London SE1 9RT, UK; (H.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (A.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Jonathon Olsburgh
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Ivana Maria Francesca Cocco
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (I.M.F.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexis Schizas
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (I.M.F.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Sarah McCrindle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Rahul Nath
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Aina Brunet
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (A.B.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Ricard Simo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (A.B.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Chrysostomos Tornari
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (A.B.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Parthi Srinivasan
- Department of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK; (P.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Andreas Prachalias
- Department of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK; (P.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrew Davies
- South East London Cancer Alliance, London SE1 9RT, UK; (H.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (A.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Jenny Geh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Stephanie Fraser
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.F.); (T.R.); (R.M.)
| | - Tom Routledge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.F.); (T.R.); (R.M.)
| | - RuJun Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.F.); (T.R.); (R.M.)
| | - Ella Doerge
- Department of Urology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (E.D.); (B.C.); (R.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Ben Challacombe
- Department of Urology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (E.D.); (B.C.); (R.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Raj Nair
- Department of Urology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (E.D.); (B.C.); (R.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Marios Hadjipavlou
- Department of Urology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (E.D.); (B.C.); (R.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Rosaria Scarpinata
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK;
| | - Paolo Sorelli
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London SE13 6LH, UK;
| | - Saoirse Dolly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.M.); (S.D.)
| | | | - Gennaro Musi
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (F.A.M.); (G.M.); (O.d.C.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Monica Casiraghi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessia Aloisi
- Division of Gynaecological Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Dell’Acqua
- Division of Gynaecological Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Donatella Scaglione
- Division of Data Management, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (S.Z.); (D.R.D.S.); (D.B.); (R.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Stefania Zanoni
- Division of Data Management, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (S.Z.); (D.R.D.S.); (D.B.); (R.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Daniele Rampazio Da Silva
- Division of Data Management, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (S.Z.); (D.R.D.S.); (D.B.); (R.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Daniela Brambilla
- Division of Data Management, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (S.Z.); (D.R.D.S.); (D.B.); (R.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Raffaella Bertolotti
- Division of Data Management, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (S.Z.); (D.R.D.S.); (D.B.); (R.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Giulia Peruzzotti
- Division of Data Management, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (S.Z.); (D.R.D.S.); (D.B.); (R.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Angelo Maggioni
- Division of Gynaecological Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (F.A.M.); (G.M.); (O.d.C.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Mohssen Ansarin
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Fabrizio Mastrilli
- Medical Administration, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Urvashi Jain
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (U.J.); (H.H.)
| | - Hisham Hamed
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (U.J.); (H.H.)
| | - Kate Haire
- South East London Cancer Alliance, London SE1 9RT, UK; (H.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (A.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (B.R.); (C.M.); (M.V.H.)
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6
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Russell B, Harris V, Dickinson H, Moss C, Roberts G, Haire K, Tsotra E, Gousis H, Josephs D, Enting D, Sita-Lumsden A, Roca J, Michalaera V, Lei M, Swampillai A, Sawyer E, Smith D, De Francesco I, Guerrero-Urbano T, Van Hemelrijck M, Dolly S. Abstract P18: Radical cancer treatment is safe during COVID-19: The experience of a large London-based Comprehensive Cancer Centre. Clin Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.covid-19-21-p18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The provision of cancer services has been strongly impacted by the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2. Our Cancer Centre in South-East London treats about 8,800 patients annually (incl. 4,500 new diagnoses) and is one of the largest Comprehensive Cancer Centres in the UK. The first COVID-19 positive cancer patient was reported on 29 Feb 2020. Whilst we are dealing with the second wave of COVID-19, it is important to further evaluate safety of cancer treatments whilst balancing risks of COVID-19 infection and complications. Methods: Using descriptive statistics, we report on the patient/tumour characteristics as well as short-term clinical outcomes of those patients undergoing radical treatment (i.e. systemic anticancer treatment (SACT), surgery, or radiotherapy (RT)) for their cancer during the first wave as to help establish the clinical guidelines for the management of cancer patients in a SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Results: Between March-July 2020, 1,553 patients underwent surgery, 1,125 received SACT, and 814 had RT. Compared to the same period in 2019, there was a decrease of 28% for surgery, 15% for SACT, and 10% for radiotherapy. Whilst surgery was performed on more male patients (58%), more women received SACT (75%) and RT (58%). The age distribution was similar between treatment arms, with the majority of patients aged 50 to 80 years. The most common tumour types were breast (21%), thoracic (20%), and urological (29%) for surgical treatment; breast (49%), gastrointestinal (18%), and gynaecological (10%) for SACT; and breast (40%), urology (25%), and head & neck (11%) for RT. Within SACT, 36% received combination therapy, 35% received systemic chemotherapy, 23% targeted therapy, 5% immunotherapy, and 2% biological therapy. In terms of oncological outcomes, outcomes were similar to pre-COVID-19 times; with 6 deaths at 30 days (<1%) for surgical patients and 36 readmissions (2%), 10 deaths (<1%) for SACT patients, and 52% of RT delivered with radical intent (which was the same in 2019). The COVID-19 infection rates for our patients were very low: 12 patients were positive pre-surgery (1%), 7 post-surgery (<1%), 17 SACT patients (2%) and 3 RT patients (<1%). No COVID-19 related deaths were registered for the surgical, SACT and RT patients. Conclusion: Whilst there was a decline in overall radical treatment, likely due to a delay in cancer diagnoses, those who did undergo their treatment were treated in a safe COVID-19 managed environment. Our findings highlight that cancer patients should have the confidence to attend hospitals and be reassured of the safety measurements taken.
Citation Format: Beth Russell, Victoria Harris, Harvey Dickinson, Charlotte Moss, Graham Roberts, Kate Haire, Eirini Tsotra, Harris Gousis, Debra Josephs, Deborah Enting, Ailsa Sita-Lumsden, Jose Roca, Vasilliki Michalaera, Mary Lei, Angela Swampillai, Eleanor Sawyer, Daniel Smith, Irene De Francesco, Teresa Guerrero-Urbano, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Saoirse Dolly, Guy's Cancer Real World Evidence. Radical cancer treatment is safe during COVID-19: The experience of a large London-based Comprehensive Cancer Centre [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2021 Feb 3-5. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(6_Suppl):Abstract nr P18.
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Dickinson H, Healeas A, Watson A, Hill B, Smith K, Scally E, Greenwood S, Bonehill S. Community care of Naso Gastric Tubes: Service development and success factors. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- G Phelps
- Deakin University School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Loh
- Medical Administration, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - H Dickinson
- Melbourne University School of Government, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Bismark
- The University of Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Kalisch-Smith JI, Simmons DG, Dickinson H, Moritz KM. Review: Sexual dimorphism in the formation, function and adaptation of the placenta. Placenta 2016; 54:10-16. [PMID: 27979377 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of the embryo or fetus to perturbations in utero can result in intrauterine growth restriction, a primary risk factor for the development of adult disease. However, despite similar exposures, males and females often have altered disease susceptibility or progression from different stages of life. Fetal growth is largely mediated by the placenta, which, like the fetus is genetically XX or XY. The placenta and its associated trophoblast lineages originate from the trophectoderm (TE) of the early embryo. Rodent models (rat, mouse, spiny mouse), have been used extensively to examine placenta development and these have demonstrated the growth trajectory of the placenta in females is generally slower compared to males, and also shows altered adaptive responses to stressful environments. These placental adaptations are likely to depend on the type of stressor, duration, severity and the window of exposure during development. Here we describe the divergent developmental pathways between the male and female placenta contributing to altered differentiation of the TE derived trophoblast subtypes, placental growth, and formation of the placental architecture. Our focus is primarily genetic or environmental perturbations in rodent models which show altered placental responsiveness between sexes. We suggest that perturbations during early placental development may have greater impact on viability and growth of the female fetus whilst those occurring later in gestation may preferentially affect the male fetus. This may be of great relevance to human pregnancies which result from assisted reproductive technologies or complications such as pre-eclampsia and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Kalisch-Smith
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - D G Simmons
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - H Dickinson
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Australia
| | - K M Moritz
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; Centre for Children's Health Research, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia.
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Dickinson H, Davies-Tuck M, Ellery SJ, Grieger JA, Wallace EM, Snow RJ, Walker DW, Clifton VL. Maternal creatine in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2016; 123:1830-8. [PMID: 27550725 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate creatine concentrations in maternal plasma and urine, and establish relationships with maternal characteristics, diet and fetal growth. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Lyell McEwin Hospital, Adelaide, Australia. POPULATION A biobank of plasma and urine samples collected at 13, 18, 30 and 36 weeks' gestation from 287 pregnant women from a prospective cohort of asthmatic and non-asthmatic women. METHODS Creatine was measured by enzymatic analysis. Change in creatine over pregnancy was assessed using the Friedman test. Linear mixed models regression was used to determine associations between maternal factors and diet with creatine across pregnancy and between creatine with indices of fetal growth at birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Maternal creatine concentrations, associations between maternal factors and creatine and between creatine and fetal growth parameters. RESULTS Maternal smoking, body mass index, asthma and socio-economic status were positively and parity negatively associated with maternal plasma and/or urine creatine. Maternal urine creatine concentration was positively associated with birthweight centile and birth length. After adjustment, each μmol/l increase in maternal urinary creatine was associated with a 1.23 (95% CI 0.44-2.02) unit increase in birthweight centile and a 0.11-cm (95% CI 0.03-0.2) increase in birth length. CONCLUSIONS Maternal factors and fetal growth measures are associated with maternal plasma and urine creatine concentrations. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Maternal creatine is altered by pregnancy; fetal growth measures are associated with maternal creatine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dickinson
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic., Australia. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
| | - M Davies-Tuck
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - S J Ellery
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - J A Grieger
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - E M Wallace
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - R J Snow
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia
| | - D W Walker
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - V L Clifton
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Mater Medical Research Institute and Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Andraweera PH, Bobek G, Bowen C, Burton GJ, Correa Frigerio P, Chaparro A, Dickinson H, Duncombe G, Hyett J, Illanes SE, Johnstone E, Kumar S, Morgan TK, Myers J, Orefice R, Roberts CT, Salafia CM, Thornburg KL, Whitehead CL, Bainbridge SA. IFPA meeting 2015 workshop report II: mechanistic role of the placenta in fetal programming; biomarkers of placental function and complications of pregnancy. Placenta 2015; 48 Suppl 1:S7-S11. [PMID: 26733365 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an integral component of the annual International Federation of Placenta Association (IFPA) meeting, allowing for networking and focused discussion related to specialized topics on the placenta. At the 2015 IFPA meeting (Brisbane, Australia) twelve themed workshops were held, three of which are summarized in this report. These workshops focused on various aspects of placental function, particularly in cases of placenta-mediated disease. Collectively, these inter-connected workshops highlighted the role of the placenta in fetal programming, the use of various biomarkers to monitor placental function across pregnancy, and the clinical impact of novel diagnostic and surveillance modalities in instances of late onset fetal growth restriction (FGR).
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Andraweera
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - G Bobek
- University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - C Bowen
- Shimadzu Scientific, Australia
| | - G J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Correa Frigerio
- Biology of Reproduction Laboratory, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Chaparro
- Biology of Reproduction Laboratory, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - H Dickinson
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - G Duncombe
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Hyett
- Department of High Risk Obstetrics, RPA Women and Babies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S E Illanes
- Biology of Reproduction Laboratory, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Johnstone
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - S Kumar
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - T K Morgan
- Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J Myers
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - R Orefice
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - C T Roberts
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - C M Salafia
- Placental Analytics, LLC, Larchmont, NY, USA; Institute for Basic Research, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | | | - C L Whitehead
- Translational Obstetrics Group, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S A Bainbridge
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
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Thomas LH, French B, Burton CR, Sutton C, Forshaw D, Dickinson H, Leathley MJ, Britt D, Roe B, Cheater FM, Booth J, Watkins CL. Evaluating a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care using soft systems analysis and Normalisation Process Theory: findings from the ICONS case study phase. Int J Nurs Stud 2014; 51:1308-20. [PMID: 24656435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary incontinence (UI) affects between 40 and 60% of people in hospital after stroke, but is often poorly managed in stroke units. OBJECTIVES To inform an exploratory trial by three methods: identifying the organisational context for embedding the SVP; exploring health professionals' views around embedding the SVP and measuring presence/absence of UI and frequency of UI episodes at baseline and six weeks post-stroke. DESIGN A mixed methods single case study included analysis of organisational context using interviews with clinical leaders analysed with soft systems methodology, a process evaluation using interviews with staff delivering the intervention and analysed with Normalisation Process Theory, and outcome evaluation using data from patients receiving the SVP and analysed using descriptive statistics. SETTING An 18 bed acute stroke unit in a large Foundation Trust (a 'not for profit' privately controlled entity not accountable to the UK Department of Health) serving a population of 370,000. PARTICIPANTS Health professionals and clinical leaders with a role in either delivering the SVP or linking with it in any capacity were recruited following informed consent. Patients were recruited meeting the following inclusion criteria: aged 18 or over with a diagnosis of stroke; urinary incontinence (UI) as defined by the International Continence Society; conscious; medically stable as judged by the clinical team and with incontinence classified as stress, urge, mixed or 'functional'. All patients admitted to the unit during the intervention period were screened for eligibility; informed consent to collect baseline and outcome data was sought from all eligible patients. RESULTS Organisational context: 18 health professionals took part in four group interviews. Findings suggest an environment not conducive to therapeutic continence management and a focus on containment of UI. Embedding the SVP into practice: 21 nursing staff took part in six group interviews. Initial confusion gave way to embedding of processes facilitated by new routines and procedures. Patient outcome: 43 patients were recruited; 28 of these commenced the SVP. Of these, 6/28 (21%) were continent at six weeks post-stroke or discharge. CONCLUSION It was possible to embed the SVP into practice despite an organisational context not conducive to therapeutic continence care. Recommendations are made for introducing the SVP in a trial context.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Thomas
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - B French
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - C R Burton
- School of Health Care Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd LL57 2EF, UK
| | - C Sutton
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - D Forshaw
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - H Dickinson
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - M J Leathley
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - D Britt
- Division of Primary Care, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK
| | - B Roe
- Evidence-Based Practice Research Centre, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK
| | - F M Cheater
- School of Nursing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - J Booth
- School of Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
| | - C L Watkins
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK
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Ambady P, Holdhoff M, Ferrigno C, Grossman S, Anderson MD, Liu D, Conrad C, Penas-Prado M, Gilbert MR, Yung AWK, de Groot J, Aoki T, Nishikawa R, Sugiyama K, Nonoguchi N, Kawabata N, Mishima K, Adachi JI, Kurisu K, Yamasaki F, Tominaga T, Kumabe T, Ueki K, Higuchi F, Yamamoto T, Ishikawa E, Takeshima H, Yamashita S, Arita K, Hirano H, Yamada S, Matsutani M, Apok V, Mills S, Soh C, Karabatsou K, Arimappamagan A, Arya S, Majaid M, Somanna S, Santosh V, Schaff L, Armentano F, Harrison C, Lassman A, McKhann G, Iwamoto F, Armstrong T, Yuan Y, Liu D, Acquaye A, Vera-Bolanos E, Diefes K, Heathcock L, Cahill D, Gilbert M, Aldape K, Arrillaga-Romany I, Ruddy K, Greenberg S, Nayak L, Avgeropoulos N, Avgeropoulos G, Riggs G, Reilly C, Banerji N, Bruns P, Hoag M, Gilliland K, Trusheim J, Bekaert L, Borha A, Emery E, Busson A, Guillamo JS, Bell M, Harrison C, Armentano F, Lassman A, Connolly ES, Khandji A, Iwamoto F, Blakeley J, Ye X, Bergner A, Dombi E, Zalewski C, Follmer K, Halpin C, Fayad L, Jacobs M, Baldwin A, Langmead S, Whitcomb T, Jennings D, Widemann B, Plotkin S, Brandes AA, Mason W, Pichler J, Nowak AK, Gil M, Saran F, Revil C, Lutiger B, Carpentier AF, Milojkovic-Kerklaan B, Aftimos P, Altintas S, Jager A, Gladdines W, Lonnqvist F, Soetekouw P, van Linde M, Awada A, Schellens J, Brandsma D, Brenner A, Sun J, Floyd J, Hart C, Eng C, Fichtel L, Gruslova A, Lodi A, Tiziani S, Bridge CA, Baldock A, Kumthekar P, Dilfer P, Johnston SK, Jacobs J, Corwin D, Guyman L, Rockne R, Sonabend A, Cloney M, Canoll P, Swanson KR, Bromberg J, Schouten H, Schaafsma R, Baars J, Brandsma D, Lugtenburg P, van Montfort C, van den Bent M, Doorduijn J, Spalding A, LaRocca R, Haninger D, Saaraswat T, Coombs L, Rai S, Burton E, Burzynski G, Burzynski S, Janicki T, Marszalek A, Burzynski S, Janicki T, Burzynski G, Marszalek A, Cachia D, Smith T, Cardona AF, Mayor LC, Jimenez E, Hakim F, Yepes C, Bermudez S, Useche N, Asencio JL, Mejia JA, Vargas C, Otero JM, Carranza H, Ortiz LD, Cardona AF, Ortiz LD, Jimenez E, Hakim F, Yepes C, Useche N, Bermudez S, Asencio JL, Carranza H, Vargas C, Otero JM, Bartels C, Quintero A, Restrepo CE, Gomez S, Bernal-Vaca L, Lema M, Cardona AF, Ortiz LD, Useche N, Bermudez S, Jimenez E, Hakim F, Yepes C, Mejia JA, Bernal-Vaca L, Restrepo CE, Gomez S, Quintero A, Bartels C, Carranza H, Vargas C, Otero JM, Carlo M, Omuro A, Grommes C, Kris M, Nolan C, Pentsova E, Pietanza M, Kaley T, Carrabba G, Giammattei L, Draghi R, Conte V, Martinelli I, Caroli M, Bertani G, Locatelli M, Rampini P, Artoni A, Carrabba G, Bertani G, Cogiamanian F, Ardolino G, Zarino B, Locatelli M, Caroli M, Rampini P, Chamberlain M, Raizer J, Soffetti R, Ruda R, Brandsma D, Boogerd W, Taillibert S, Le Rhun E, Jaeckle K, van den Bent M, Wen P, Chamberlain M, Chinot OL, Wick W, Mason W, Henriksson R, Saran F, Nishikawa R, Carpentier AF, Hoang-Xuan K, Kavan P, Cernea D, Brandes AA, Hilton M, Kerloeguen Y, Guijarro A, Cloughsey T, Choi JH, Hong YK, Conrad C, Yung WKA, deGroot J, Gilbert M, Loghin M, Penas-Prado M, Tremont I, Silberman S, Picker D, Costa R, Lycette J, Gancher S, Cullen J, Winer E, Hochberg F, Sachs G, Jeyapalan S, Dahiya S, Stevens G, Peereboom D, Ahluwalia M, Daras M, Hsu M, Kaley T, Panageas K, Curry R, Avila E, Fuente MDL, Omuro A, DeAngelis L, Desjardins A, Sampson J, Peters K, Ranjan T, Vlahovic G, Threatt S, Herndon J, Boulton S, Lally-Goss D, McSherry F, Friedman A, Friedman H, Bigner D, Gromeier M, Prust M, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Poloskova P, Jafari-Khouzani K, Gerstner E, Dietrich J, Fabi A, Villani V, Vaccaro V, Vidiri A, Giannarelli D, Piludu F, Anelli V, Carapella C, Cognetti F, Pace A, Flowers A, Flowers A, Killory B, Furuse M, Miyatake SI, Kawabata S, Kuroiwa T, Garciarena P, Anderson MD, Hamilton J, Schellingerhout D, Fuller GN, Sawaya R, Gilbert MR, Gilbert M, Pugh S, Won M, Blumenthal D, Vogelbaum M, Aldape K, Colman H, Chakravarti A, Jeraj R, Dignam J, Armstrong T, Wefel J, Brown P, Jaeckle K, Schiff D, Brachman D, Werner-Wasik M, Tremont-Lukats I, Sulman E, Mehta M, Gill B, Yun J, Goldstein H, Malone H, Pisapia D, Sonabend AM, Mckhann GK, Sisti MB, Sims P, Canoll P, Bruce JN, Girvan A, Carter G, Li L, Kaltenboeck A, Chawla A, Ivanova J, Koh M, Stevens J, Lahn M, Gore M, Hariharan S, Porta C, Bjarnason G, Bracarda S, Hawkins R, Oudard S, Zhang K, Fly K, Matczak E, Szczylik C, Grossman R, Ram Z, Hamza M, O'Brien B, Mandel J, DeGroot J, Han S, Molinaro A, Berger M, Prados M, Chang S, Clarke J, Butowski N, Hashimoto N, Chiba Y, Tsuboi A, Kinoshita M, Hirayama R, Kagawa N, Oka Y, Oji Y, Sugiyama H, Yoshimine T, Hawkins-Daarud A, Jackson PR, Swanson KR, Sarmiento JM, Ly D, Jutla J, Ortega A, Carico C, Dickinson H, Phuphanich S, Rudnick J, Patil C, Hu J, Iglseder S, Nowosielski M, Nevinny-Stickel M, Stockhammer G, Jain R, Poisson L, Scarpace L, Mikkelsen T, Kirby J, Freymann J, Hwang S, Gutman D, Jaffe C, Brat D, Flanders A, Janicki T, Burzynski S, Burzynski G, Marszalek A, Jiang C, Wang H, Jo J, Williams B, Smolkin M, Wintermark M, Shaffrey M, Schiff D, Juratli T, Soucek S, Kirsch M, Schackert G, Kakkar A, Kumar S, Bhagat U, Kumar A, Suri A, Singh M, Sharma M, Sarkar C, Suri V, Kaley T, Barani I, Chamberlain M, McDermott M, Raizer J, Rogers L, Schiff D, Vogelbaum M, Weber D, Wen P, Kalita O, Vaverka M, Hrabalek L, Zlevorova M, Trojanec R, Hajduch M, Kneblova M, Ehrmann J, Kanner AA, Wong ET, Villano JL, Ram Z, Khatua S, Fuller G, Dasgupta S, Rytting M, Vats T, Zaky W, Khatua S, Sandberg D, Foresman L, Zaky W, Kieran M, Geoerger B, Casanova M, Chisholm J, Aerts I, Bouffet E, Brandes AA, Leary SES, Sullivan M, Bailey S, Cohen K, Mason W, Kalambakas S, Deshpande P, Tai F, Hurh E, McDonald TJ, Kieran M, Hargrave D, Wen PY, Goldman S, Amakye D, Patton M, Tai F, Moreno L, Kim CY, Kim T, Han JH, Kim YJ, Kim IA, Yun CH, Jung HW, Koekkoek JAF, Reijneveld JC, Dirven L, Postma TJ, Vos MJ, Heimans JJ, Taphoorn MJB, Koeppen S, Hense J, Kong XT, Davidson T, Lai A, Cloughesy T, Nghiemphu PL, Kong DS, Choi YL, Seol HJ, Lee JI, Nam DH, Kool M, Jones DTW, Jager N, Northcott PA, Pugh T, Hovestadt V, Markant S, Esparza LA, Bourdeaut F, Remke M, Taylor MD, Cho YJ, Pomeroy SL, Schuller U, Korshunov A, Eils R, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Lichter P, Pfister SM, Krel R, Krutoshinskaya Y, Rosiello A, Seidman R, Kowalska A, Kudo T, Hata Y, Maehara T, Kumthekar P, Bridge C, Patel V, Rademaker A, Helenowski I, Mrugala M, Rockhill J, Swanson K, Grimm S, Raizer J, Meletath S, Bennett M, Nestor VA, Fink KL, Lee E, Reardon D, Schiff D, Drappatz J, Muzikansky A, Hammond S, Grimm S, Norden A, Beroukhim R, McCluskey C, Chi A, Batchelor T, Smith K, Gaffey S, Gerard M, Snodgras S, Raizer J, Wen P, Leeper H, Johnson D, Lima J, Porensky E, Cavaliere R, Lin A, Liu J, Evans J, Leuthardt E, Dacey R, Dowling J, Kim A, Zipfel G, Grubb R, Huang J, Robinson C, Simpson J, Linette G, Chicoine M, Tran D, Liubinas SV, D'Abaco GM, Moffat B, Gonzales M, Feleppa F, Nowell CJ, Gorelick A, Drummond KJ, Morokoff AP, O'Brien TJ, Kaye AH, Loghin M, Melhem-Bertrandt A, Penas-Prado M, Zaidi T, Katz R, Lupica K, Stevens G, Ly I, Hamilton S, Rostomily R, Rockhill J, Mrugala M, Mandel J, Yust-Katz S, de Groot J, Yung A, Gilbert M, Burzynski S, Janicki T, Burzynski G, Marszalek A, Pachow D, Kliese N, Kirches E, Mawrin C, McNamara MG, Lwin Z, Jiang H, Chung C, Millar BA, Sahgal A, Laperriere N, Mason WP, Megyesi J, Salehi F, Merker V, Slusarz K, Muzikansky A, Francis S, Plotkin S, Mishima K, Adachi JI, Suzuki T, Uchida E, Yanagawa T, Watanabe Y, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Wakiya K, Fujimaki T, Nishikawa R, Moiyadi A, Kannan S, Sridhar E, Gupta T, Shetty P, Jalali R, Alshami J, Lecavalier-Barsoum M, Guiot MC, Tampieri D, Kavan P, Muanza T, Nagane M, Kobayashi K, Takayama N, Shiokawa Y, Nakamura H, Makino K, Hideo T, Kuroda JI, Shinojima N, Yano S, Kuratsu JI, Nambudiri N, Arrilaga I, Dunn I, Folkerth R, Chi S, Reardon D, Nayak L, Omuro A, DeAngelis L, Robins HI, Govindan R, Gadgeel S, Kelly K, Rigas J, Reimers HJ, Peereboom D, Rosenfeld S, Garst J, Ramnath N, Wing P, Zheng M, Urban P, Abrey L, Wen P, Nayak L, DeAngelis LM, Wen PY, Brandes AA, Soffietti R, Peereboom DM, Lin NU, Chamberlain M, Macdonald D, Galanis E, Perry J, Jaeckle K, Mehta M, Stupp R, van den Bent M, Reardon DA, Norden A, Hammond S, Drappatz J, Phuphanich S, Reardon D, Wong E, Plotkin S, Lesser G, Raizer J, Batchelor T, Lee E, Kaley T, Muzikansky A, Doherty L, LaFrankie D, Ruland S, Smith K, Gerard M, McCluskey C, Wen P, Norden A, Schiff D, Ahluwalia M, Lesser G, Nayak L, Lee E, Muzikansky A, Dietrich J, Smith K, Gaffey S, McCluskey C, Ligon K, Reardon D, Wen P, Bush NAO, Kesari S, Scott B, Ohno M, Narita Y, Miyakita Y, Arita H, Matsushita Y, Yoshida A, Fukushima S, Ichimura K, Shibui S, Okamura T, Kaneko S, Omuro A, Chinot O, Taillandier L, Ghesquieres H, Soussain C, Delwail V, Lamy T, Gressin R, Choquet S, Soubeyran P, Maire JP, Benouaich-Amiel A, Lebouvier-Sadot S, Gyan E, Barrie M, del Rio MS, Gonzalez-Aguilar A, Houllier C, Tanguy ML, Hoang-Xuan K, Omuro A, Abrey L, Raizer J, Paleologos N, Forsyth P, DeAngelis L, Kaley T, Louis D, Cairncross JG, Matasar M, Mehta J, Grimm S, Moskowitz C, Sauter C, Opinaldo P, Torcuator R, Ortiz LD, Cardona AF, Hakim F, Jimenez E, Yepes C, Useche N, Bermudez S, Mejia JA, Asencio JL, Carranza H, Vargas C, Otero JM, Lema M, Pace A, Villani V, Fabi A, Carapella CM, Patel A, Allen J, Dicker D, Sheehan J, El-Deiry W, Glantz M, Tsyvkin E, Rauschkolb P, Pentsova E, Lee M, Perez A, Norton J, Uschmann H, Chamczuck A, Khan M, Fratkin J, Rahman R, Hempfling K, Norden A, Reardon DA, Nayak L, Rinne M, Doherty L, Ruland S, Rai A, Rifenburg J, LaFrankie D, Wen P, Lee E, Ranjan T, Peters K, Vlahovic G, Friedman H, Desjardins A, Reveles I, Brenner A, Ruda R, Bello L, Castellano A, Bertero L, Bosa C, Trevisan E, Riva M, Donativi M, Falini A, Soffietti R, Saran F, Chinot OL, Henriksson R, Mason W, Wick W, Nishikawa R, Dahr S, Hilton M, Garcia J, Cloughesy T, Sasaki H, Nishiyama Y, Yoshida K, Hirose Y, Schwartz M, Grimm S, Kumthekar P, Fralin S, Rice L, Drawz A, Helenowski I, Rademaker A, Raizer J, Schwartz K, Chang H, Nikolai M, Kurniali P, Olson K, Pernicone J, Sweeley C, Noel M, Sharma M, Gupta R, Suri V, Singh M, Sarkar C, Shibahara I, Sonoda Y, Saito R, Kanamori M, Yamashita Y, Kumabe T, Watanabe M, Suzuki H, Watanabe T, Ishioka C, Tominaga T, Shih K, Chowdhary S, Rosenblatt P, Weir AB, Shepard G, Williams JT, Shastry M, Hainsworth JD, Singer S, Riely GJ, Kris MG, Grommes C, Sanders MWCB, Arik Y, Seute T, Robe PAJT, Leijten FSS, Snijders TJ, Sturla L, Culhane JJ, Donahue J, Jeyapalan S, Suchorska B, Jansen N, Wenter V, Eigenbrod S, Schmid-Tannwald C, Zwergal A, Niyazi M, Bartenstein P, Schnell O, Kreth FW, LaFougere C, Tonn JC, Taillandier L, Wittwer B, Blonski M, Faure G, De Carvalho M, Le Rhun E, Tanaka K, Sasayama T, Nishihara M, Mizukawa K, Kohmura E, Taylor S, Newell K, Graves L, Timmer M, Cramer C, Rohn G, Goldbrunner R, Turner S, Gergel T, Lacroix M, Toms S, Ueki K, Higuchi F, Sakamoto S, Kim P, Salgado MAV, Rueda AG, Urzaiz LL, Villanueva MG, Millan JMS, Cervantes ER, Pampliega RA, de Pedro MDA, Berrocal VR, Mena AC, van Zanten SV, Jansen M, van Vuurden D, Huisman M, Hoekstra O, van Dongen G, Kaspers GJ, Schlamann A, von Bueren AO, Hagel C, Kramm C, Kortmann RD, Muller K, Friedrich C, Muller K, von Hoff K, Kwiecien R, Pietsch T, Warmuth-Metz M, Gerber NU, Hau P, Kuehl J, Kortmann RD, von Bueren AO, Rutkowski S, von Bueren AO, Friedrich C, von Hoff K, Kwiecien R, Muller K, Pietsch T, Warmuth-Metz M, Kuehl J, Kortmann RD, Rutkowski S, Walker J, Tremont I, Armstrong T, Wang H, Jiang C, Wang H, Jiang C, Warren P, Robert S, Lahti A, White D, Reid M, Nabors L, Sontheimer H, Wen P, Yung A, Mellinghoff I, Lamborn K, Ramkissoon S, Cloughesy T, Rinne M, Omuro A, DeAngelis L, Gilbert M, Chi A, Batchelor T, Colman H, Chang S, Nayak L, Massacesi C, DiTomaso E, Prados M, Reardon D, Ligon K, Wong ET, Elzinga G, Chung A, Barron L, Bloom J, Swanson KD, Elzinga G, Chung A, Wong ET, Wu W, Galanis E, Wen P, Das A, Fine H, Cloughesy T, Sargent D, Yoon WS, Yang SH, Chung DS, Jeun SS, Hong YK, Yust-Katz S, Milbourne A, Diane L, Gilbert M, Armstrong T, Zaky W, Weinberg J, Fuller G, Ketonen L, McAleer MF, Ahmed N, Khatua S, Zaky W, Olar A, Stewart J, Sandberg D, Foresman L, Ketonen L, Khatua S. NEURO/MEDICAL ONCOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:iii98-iii135. [PMCID: PMC3823897 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
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O'Connell B, Moritz K, Walker D, Dickinson H. Treatment of pregnant spiny mice at mid gestation with a synthetic glucocorticoid has sex-dependent effects on placental glycogen stores. Placenta 2013; 34:932-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.06.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fatemi H, seher T, biesemanns S, alazemi M, Thiering E, Heinrich J, Gutermuth J, Temple-Smith P, Pereleshina E, LaRosa D, Ellery S, Snow R, Walker D, Catt S, Dickinson H, Giles J, Vidal C, Rubio C, Cruz F, Gallo C, Pellicer A, Garrido N, Dalleac A, Cohen-Bacrie M, Belloc S, Olivennes F, Zitoun P, Hazout A, Cohen-Bacrie P, De Mouzon J, Souter I, Smith KW, Williams PL, Ehrlich S, Hauser R. Session 20: The ovary in female infertility. Hum Reprod 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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O'Connell BA, Moritz KM, Walker DW, Dickinson H. Sexually dimorphic placental development throughout gestation in the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus). Placenta 2012; 34:119-26. [PMID: 23260227 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been hypothesized that male fetuses down regulate placental growth during periods of accelerated fetal growth. We aimed to investigate this, and determine whether sexual dimorphism was apparent in the spiny mouse placenta. We hypothesized that expression of fetal growth promoters would be higher in placentas of males, whereas genes involved in placental structural development would be more highly expressed in placentas of females. METHODS Spiny mouse dams, a precocial rodent with an in utero endocrine milieu dissimilar from other rodents, but akin to humans, were sacrificed at gestational ages 15-37 (term = 39 days). Placentas were collected and processed for histology or qPCR analysis of selected genes (GCM1, MAP2K1, SLC2A1, NR3C1, IGF1, IGF1R). RESULTS Fetal and placental weights were similar for both sexes. Placentas of female fetuses had less spongy zone (P(SEX) < 0.0001), and more labyrinth (P(SEX) < 0.0001) than males. Early placenta and labyrinth expression of SLC2A1 was higher in males than females (P(SEX) < 0.05). Labyrinthine IGF1R remained constant until term in the female, compared with male where expression increased until term. Peak MAP2K1 expression occurred earlier in the male placenta than the female. Spongy zone SLC2A1 remained constant until term in the female, compared with male where expression increased until term. CONCLUSIONS The spiny mouse is a species that exhibits sexually dimorphic placental development. We suggest that these sex differences in placental gene expression and structure may underlie or compound the male vulnerability to a sub-optimal in utero environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A O'Connell
- The Ritchie Centre, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Ackerman WE, Bulmer JN, Carter AM, Chaillet JR, Chamley L, Chen CP, Chuong EB, Coleman SJ, Collet GP, Croy BA, de Mestre AM, Dickinson H, Ducray J, Enders AC, Fogarty NME, Gauster M, Golos T, Haider S, Heazell AE, Holland OJ, Huppertz B, Husebekk A, John RM, Johnsen GM, Jones CJP, Kalionis B, König J, Lorenzon AR, Moffett A, Moreira de Mello JC, Nuzzo AM, Parham P, Parolini O, Petroff MG, Pidoux G, Ramírez-Pinilla MP, Robinson WP, Rolfo A, Sadovsky Y, Soma H, Southcombe JH, Tilburgs T, Lash GE. IFPA Meeting 2011 workshop report III: Placental immunology; epigenetic and microRNA-dependent gene regulation; comparative placentation; trophoblast differentiation; stem cells. Placenta 2011; 33 Suppl:S15-22. [PMID: 22154501 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialised topics. At IFPA meeting 2011 there were twelve themed workshops, five of which are summarized in this report. These workshops related to various aspects of placental biology: 1) immunology; 2) epigenetics; 3) comparative placentation; 4) trophoblast differentiation; 5) stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Ackerman
- Laboratory of Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Cuffe JSM, Dickinson H, Simmons DG, Moritz KM. Sex specific changes in placental growth and MAPK following short term maternal dexamethasone exposure in the mouse. Placenta 2011; 32:981-9. [PMID: 21974799 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maternal glucocorticoid (GC) exposure during pregnancy can alter fetal development and program the onset of disease in adult offspring. The placenta helps protect the fetus from excess GC exposure but is itself susceptible to maternal insults and may be involved in sex dependant regulation of fetal programming. This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal GC exposure on the developing placenta. STUDY DESIGN AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pregnant mice were treated with dexamethasone (DEX-1 μg/kg/h) or saline (SAL) for 60 h via minipump beginning at E12.5. Placentas were collected at E14.5 and E17.5 and the expression of growth factors and placental transporters examined by real-time PCR and/or Western blot. Histological analysis was performed to assess for morphological changes. RESULTS At E14.5, DEX exposed male and female fetuses had a lower weight compared to SAL animals but placental weight was lower in females only. Hsd11b2 and Vegfa gene expression was increased and MAPK1 protein expression decreased in the placentas of females only. At E17.5 placental and fetal body weights were similar and differences in MAPK were no longer present although HSD11B2 protein was elevated in placentas of DEX females. Levels of glucose or amino acid transporters were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest sex specific responses to maternal GCs within the placenta. Decreased levels of MAPK protein in placentas of female fetuses suggest alterations in the MAPK pathway may contribute to the lower placental weights in this sex. This may contribute towards sex specific fetal programming of adult disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S M Cuffe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
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Ireland Z, Castillo-Melendez M, Dickinson H, Snow R, Walker DW. A maternal diet supplemented with creatine from mid-pregnancy protects the newborn spiny mouse brain from birth hypoxia. Neuroscience 2011; 194:372-9. [PMID: 21640166 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The creatine-phosphocreatine shuttle is essential for the maintenance of cellular ATP, particularly under hypoxic conditions when respiration may become anaerobic. Using a model of intrapartum hypoxia in the precocial spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus), the present study assessed the potential for maternal creatine supplementation during pregnancy to protect the developing brain from the effects of birth hypoxia. On day 38 of gestation (term is 39 days), the pregnant uterus was isolated and placed in a saline bath for 7.5 min, inducing global hypoxia. The pups were then removed, resuscitated, and cross-fostered to a nursing dam. Control offspring were delivered by caesarean section and recovered immediately after release from the uterus. At 24 h after birth hypoxia, the brains of offspring from dams fed a normal diet showed significant increases in lipid peroxidation as measured by the amount of malondialdehyde. In the cortical subplate, thalamus and piriform cortex there were significant increases in cellular expression of the pro-apoptotic protein BAX, cytoplasmic cytochrome c and caspase-3. When pregnant dams were fed the creatine supplemented diet, the increase in malondialdehyde, BAX, cytochrome c and caspase 3 were almost completely prevented, such that they were not different from control (caesarean-delivered) neonates. This study provides evidence that the neuroprotective capacity of creatine in the hypoxic perinatal brain involves abrogation of lipid peroxidation and apoptosis, possibly through the maintenance of mitochondrial function. Further investigation into these mechanisms of protection, and the long-term development and behavioural outcomes of such neonates is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ireland
- Ritchie Centre for Baby Health Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to generate reference ranges for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in preterm infants by describing the observed plasma concentration of these enzymes in babies born between 22 and 36 weeks' gestation. A service evaluation was conducted in babies admitted to two large neonatal intensive care units in the UK. 7006 blood samples from 1860 infants admitted to the two units between 2004 and 2008 were included. Extremely premature infants had high plasma enzyme activities when compared to babies at a later corrected gestational age. This may be due to more severe illness immediately after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Victor
- Neonatal Medical Unit, St Mary's Hospital for Women and Children, Whitworth Park, Manchester, UK.
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Moritz KM, Cuffe JSM, Wilson LB, Dickinson H, Wlodek ME, Simmons DG, Denton KM. Review: Sex specific programming: a critical role for the renal renin-angiotensin system. Placenta 2010; 31 Suppl:S40-6. [PMID: 20116093 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The "Developmental Origins of Health and Disease" hypothesis has caused resurgence of interest in understanding the factors regulating fetal development. A multitude of prenatal perturbations may contribute to the onset of diseases in adulthood including cardiovascular and renal diseases. Using animal models such as maternal glucocorticoid exposure, maternal calorie or protein restriction and uteroplacental insufficiency, studies have identified alterations in kidney development as being a common feature. The formation of a low nephron endowment may result in impaired renal function and in turn may contribute to disease. An interesting feature in many animal models of developmental programming is the disparity between males and females in the timing of onset and severity of disease outcomes. The same prenatal insult does not always affect males and females in the same way or to the same degree. Recently, our studies have focused on changes induced in the kidney of both the fetus and the offspring, following a perturbation during pregnancy. We have shown that changes in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) occur in the kidney. The changes are often sex specific which may in part explain the observed sex differences in disease outcomes and severity. This review explores the evidence suggesting a critical role for the RAS in sex specific developmental programming of disease with particular reference to the immediate and long term changes in the local RAS within the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Moritz
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
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Miller DT, Shen Y, Weiss LA, Korn J, Anselm I, Bridgemohan C, Cox GF, Dickinson H, Gentile J, Harris DJ, Hegde V, Hundley R, Khwaja O, Kothare S, Luedke C, Nasir R, Poduri A, Prasad K, Raffalli P, Reinhard A, Smith SE, Sobeih MM, Soul JS, Stoler J, Takeoka M, Tan WH, Thakuria J, Wolff R, Yusupov R, Gusella JF, Daly MJ, Wu BL. Microdeletion/duplication at 15q13.2q13.3 among individuals with features of autism and other neuropsychiatric disorders. J Med Genet 2008; 46:242-8. [PMID: 18805830 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2008.059907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Segmental duplications at breakpoints (BP4-BP5) of chromosome 15q13.2q13.3 mediate a recurrent genomic imbalance syndrome associated with mental retardation, epilepsy, and/or electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities. PATIENTS DNA samples from 1445 unrelated patients submitted consecutively for clinical array comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) testing at Children's Hospital Boston and DNA samples from 1441 individuals with autism from 751 families in the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) repository. RESULTS We report the clinical features of five patients with a BP4-BP5 deletion, three with a BP4-BP5 duplication, and two with an overlapping but smaller duplication identified by whole genome high resolution oligonucleotide array CGH. These BP4-BP5 deletion cases exhibit minor dysmorphic features, significant expressive language deficits, and a spectrum of neuropsychiatric impairments that include autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorder, and mood disorder. Cognitive impairment varied from moderate mental retardation to normal IQ with learning disability. BP4-BP5 covers approximately 1.5 Mb (chr15:28.719-30.298 Mb) and includes six reference genes and 1 miRNA gene, while the smaller duplications cover approximately 500 kb (chr15:28.902-29.404 Mb) and contain three reference genes and one miRNA gene. The BP4-BP5 deletion and duplication events span CHRNA7, a candidate gene for seizures. However, none of these individuals reported here have epilepsy, although two have an abnormal EEG. CONCLUSIONS The phenotype of chromosome 15q13.2q13.3 BP4-BP5 microdeletion/duplication syndrome may include features of autism spectrum disorder, a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, and cognitive impairment. Recognition of this broader phenotype has implications for clinical diagnostic testing and efforts to understand the underlying aetiology of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Miller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Robinson L, Hutchings D, Corner L, Beyer F, Dickinson H, Vanoli A, Finch T, Hughes J, Ballard C, May C, Bond J. A systematic literature review of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions to prevent wandering in dementia and evaluation of the ethical implications and acceptability of their use. Health Technol Assess 2006; 10:iii, ix-108. [PMID: 16849002 DOI: 10.3310/hta10260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions (excluding subjective barriers) in the prevention of wandering in people with dementia, in comparison with usual care, and to evaluate through the review and a qualitative study the acceptability to stakeholders of such interventions and identify ethical issues associated with their use. DATA SOURCES Major electronic databases were searched up until 31 March 2005. Specialists in the field. REVIEW METHODS Selected studies were assessed and analysed. The results of two of the efficacy studies that used similar interventions, designs and outcome measures were pooled in a meta-analysis; results for other studies which reported standard deviations were presented in a forest plot. Owing to a lack of cost-effectiveness data, a modelling exercise could not be performed. Four focus groups were carried out with relevant stakeholders (n = 19) including people with dementia and formal and lay carers to explore ethical and acceptability issues in greater depth. Transcripts were coded independently by two reviewers to develop a coding frame. Analysis was via a thematic framework approach. RESULTS Ten studies met the inclusion criteria (multi-sensory environment, three; music therapy, one; exercise, one; special care units, two; aromatherapy, two; behavioural intervention, one). There was no robust evidence to recommend any non-pharmacological intervention to reduce wandering in dementia. There was some evidence, albeit of poor quality, for the effectiveness of exercise and multi-sensory environment. There were no relevant studies to determine the cost-effectiveness of the interventions. Findings from the narrative review and focus groups on acceptability and ethical issues were comparable. Exercise and distraction therapies were the most acceptable interventions and raised no ethical concerns. All other interventions were considered acceptable except for physical restraints, which were considered unacceptable. Considerable ethical concerns exist with the use of electronic tagging and tracking devices and physical barriers. Existing literature ignores the perspectives of people with dementia. The small number of participants with dementia expressed caution regarding the use of unfamiliar technology. Balancing risk and risk assessment was an important theme for all carers in the management of wandering. CONCLUSIONS There is no robust evidence so far to recommend the use of any non-pharmacological intervention to reduce or prevent wandering in people with dementia. High-quality studies, preferably randomised controlled trials, are needed to determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions that allow safe wandering and are considered practically and ethically acceptable by carers and people with dementia. Large-scale, long-term cohort studies are needed to evaluate the morbidity and mortality associated with wandering in dementia for people both in the community and in residential care. Such data would inform future long-term cost-effectiveness studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Robinson
- Centre for Health Services Research, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Rowan E, Morris CM, Stephens S, Ballard C, Dickinson H, Rao H, Saxby BK, McLaren AT, Kalaria RN, Kenny RA. Impact of hypertension and apolipoprotein E4 on poststroke cognition in subjects >75 years of age. Stroke 2005; 36:1864-8. [PMID: 16051894 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000177524.17424.2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The apolipoprotein E4 allele (APOE4) associates with increased dementia risk, and hypertension may associate with mild cognitive deficits. We examined whether nondemented stroke patients with (1) a prestroke history of hypertension and (2) APOE4 were more cognitively impaired at 3 months after stroke. METHODS A total of 257 participants were genotyped and outcomes from neuropsychological evaluations analyzed using regression. RESULTS Total Cambridge Assessment for Mental Disorders in the Elderly (CAMCOG) and speed of working memory significantly associated with hypertension. No outcomes significantly associated with APOE4. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with prestroke hypertension had more impaired global cognition and slower access to information held in working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rowan
- Institute for Aging and Health, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Harris NM, Thorpe R, Dickinson H, Rorison F, Barrett C, Williams C. Hospital and after: experience of patients and carers in rural and remote north Queensland, Australia. Rural Remote Health 2004; 4:246. [PMID: 15884987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This article reports a study of patients and carers discharged from the Townsville General Hospital into rural and remote communities in north Queensland, Australia. The findings indicate the importance of focusing on the experiences of patients and carers in attempting to understand the impact of discharge procedures. The four stories and their implications exist within a particular healthcare context that impacts disproportionately on rural patients and their carers. Economic rationalism has shaped contemporary healthcare policy in Australia, creating a system that is encouraged to conform to market principles. The costs borne by individuals, groups and communities have been increasingly privatised. Later admission and earlier discharge from hospital is now the norm. Concern about the impact of this policy context on the lives of rural and remote patients and carers prompted the study, which aimed to: (1) examine, from the patient and carer perspective, the social, economic, cultural and emotional cost of hospitalisation away from home communities; (2) identify the needs of rural and remote patients and their carers before, during and after hospitalisation a long way from home; and (3) make recommendations for improved policies and practices concerning the continuum of care: from admission planning, through hospitalisation, discharge-planning, and post-discharge support, in the context of rural and remote location. METHODS The experiences presented highlight the depth of the challenges faced by patients and their carers who live in rural and remote communities. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used to obtain insight into the complexity of patients and carers' lives. The four vignettes presented in this paper are taken from in-depth, qualitative interviews with 12 patients and 12 carers. RESULTS The four stories described reveal the high financial and emotional costs, for patients and carers, of negotiating a healthcare system a long way from home. Challenges faced included inadequate admission planning, excessive accommodation and transport costs, and lack of post-discharge support services in home communities, as well as business failure, marital and family strain. There was an over-reliance on carers who lacked medical caring expertise, had other major commitments (family and work) and who may have had a tenuous and uncertain relationship with the patient. CONCLUSIONS Recognition of these complex circumstances, exacerbated by rural location, during the discharge planning process should mean that attention to ensuring patients and their carers are linked to adequate support services in their communities is of the highest priority. The communication and dissemination of information to patients and carers is also vital. Information on hospital admission, travel benefits, accommodation options, care requirements post-discharge are particular recommendations. To summarise, the experiences highlighted in this study suggest that patients and carers in rural and remote communities have not benefited from adequate discharge planning, and are struggling to cope in a policy context that encourages later admission, earlier discharge and over reliance on family and friends as carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Harris
- School of Social Work and Community Welfare, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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Owen RG, Dickinson H, Evans PAS, O'Connor SJM, Swirsky DM, Jack AS. What is the role of cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis in the diagnosis of chronic myeloproliferative disorders? Br J Haematol 2003; 120:717-8 author reply. [PMID: 12588364 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04132_2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Goodgame AL, Dickinson H, Mackenzie SR, Softley TP. The Stark effect in the v[sup +]=1 autoionizing Rydberg states of NO. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1450552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Watkins C, Daniels L, Jack C, Dickinson H, van Den Broek M. Accuracy of a single question in screening for depression in a cohort of patients after stroke: comparative study. BMJ 2001; 323:1159. [PMID: 11711407 PMCID: PMC59850 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.323.7322.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Watkins
- School of Nursing, University of Manchester, UK.
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Dickinson H, Rolland D, Softley TP. Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory (MQDT) Analysis of the (2 + 1‘) Mass Analyzed Threshold Ionization (MATI) Spectroscopy of NH3. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp003728a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Dickinson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - D. Rolland
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - T. P. Softley
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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Lewis SJ, Kouri D, Estabrooks CA, Dickinson H, Dutchak JJ, Williams JI, Mustard C, Hurley J. Devolution to democratic health authorities in Saskatchewan: an interim report. CMAJ 2001; 164:343-7. [PMID: 11232134 PMCID: PMC80727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 1995 Saskatchewan adopted a district health board structure in which two-thirds of members are elected and the rest are appointed. This study examines the opinions of board members about health care reform and devolution of authority from the province to the health districts. METHODS All 357 members of Saskatchewan district health boards were surveyed in 1997; 275 (77%) responded. Analyses included comparisons between elected and appointed members and between members with experience as health care providers and those without such experience, as well as comparisons with hypotheses about how devolution would develop, which were advanced in a 1997 report by another group. RESULTS Most respondents felt that devolution had resulted in increased local control and better quality of decisions. Ninety-two percent of respondents believed extensive reforms were necessary and 83% that changes made in the previous 5 years had been for the best. However, 56% agreed that there was no clear vision of the reformed system. A small majority (59%) perceived health care reform as having been designed to improve health rather than reduce spending, contrary to a previous hypothesis. Many respondents (76%) thought that boards were legally responsible for things over which they had insufficient control, and 63% perceived that they were too restricted by rules laid down by the provincial government, findings that confirm the expectation of tensions surrounding the division of authority. Respondents with current or former experience as health care providers were less likely than nonprovider respondents to believe that nonphysician health care providers support decisions made by the regional health boards (45% v. 63%, p = 0.02), a result that confirmed the contention that the role of health care providers on the boards would be a source of tension. INTERPRETATION Members of Saskatchewan district health boards supported the general goals of health care reform and believed that changes already undertaken had been positive. There were few major differences in views between appointed and elected members and between provider and nonprovider members. However, tensions related to authority and representation will require resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lewis
- HEALNet Regionalization Research Centre, Saskatoon, Sask
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Barrett JA, Watkins C, Plant R, Dickinson H, Clayton L, Sharma AK, Reston A, Gratton J, Fall S, Flynn A, Smith T, Leathley M, Smith S, Barer DH. The COSTAR wheelchair study: a two-centre pilot study of self-propulsion in a wheelchair in early stroke rehabilitation. Collaborative Stroke Audit and Research. Clin Rehabil 2001; 15:32-41. [PMID: 11237159 DOI: 10.1191/026921501672264719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is uncertain whether self-propulsion in a wheelchair should be encouraged or discouraged in the early stages of stroke rehabilitation. DESIGN A two-centre pilot study to assess the feasibility of performing a multicentre randomized controlled trial on this subject. SETTING Clatterbridge and Aintree Stroke Rehabilitation Units, Merseyside, UK. SUBJECTS Forty early stroke patients (mean age 67 years) in whom it was uncertain whether self-propulsion in a wheelchair should be encouraged were studied. INTERVENTION A central randomization service at Newcastle University was used to determine the policy about wheelchair provision and use for each patient. They were allocated to either an 'encouraged to self-propel' or a 'discouraged from self-propulsion group'. OUTCOME MEASURES USED: Independent outcome assessment was performed by postal questionnaire and telephone interview using the Barthel ADL Scale, Nottingham Extended ADL Scales and the shortened General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) at 3 and 12 months. Patient's length of stay and their Ashworth tone score were also measured either at three months or when they were discharged from hospital. RESULTS After considerable preparation time it was possible to conduct a trial on self-propulsion in early stroke rehabilitation in the two-pilot centres. No major differences were found between the pilot groups for any of the outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS A multicentre randomized controlled trial to assess this question is feasible but further work is being conducted before proceeding, to satisfy the concerns expressed to our group regarding the appropriateness of the intervention and the outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Barrett
- COSTAR wheelchair study group, Clatterbridge Hospital, Wirral, UK.
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Cuthbert G, Thompson K, McCullough S, Watmore A, Dickinson H, Telford N, Mugneret F, Harrison C, Griffiths M, Bown N. MLL amplification in acute leukaemia: a United Kingdom Cancer Cytogenetics Group (UKCCG) study. Leukemia 2000; 14:1885-91. [PMID: 11069023 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The MLL gene, located at 11q23, is frequently rearranged in acute leukaemia as either chimaeric fusion genes or partial tandem duplications. We report a series of 12 acute leukaemia cases with apparent amplification of the MLL gene ascertained using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). Seven cases showed intrachromosomal amplification of MLL, four cases showed extrachromosomal amplification as double minute chromosomes (dmin) and one case had separate subclones with dmin and homogenously staining region (hsr). Southern blot analysis of the MLL gene showed MLL gene rearrangement in three of the 10 successful cases. These cases do not naturally fall into either of the two recognised categories of MLL rearrangement and may represent a third variety of MLL gene abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cuthbert
- School of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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35
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Dickinson H. Idiocy in nineteenth-century fiction compared with medical perspectives of the time. Hist Psychiatry 2000; 11:291-309. [PMID: 11640230 DOI: 10.1177/0957154x0001104304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Portrayals of characters with an intellectual impairment in nineteenth-century prose fiction are analyzed. In the earlier works idiocy is imprecisely differentiated from madness or eccentricity and the characters are mostly shown as socially and psychologically marginal and 'other'. In the later works a greater naturalism and a more precise notion of idiocy as a distinct condition is evident. Literary depiction of intellectual impairment or idiocy occurs in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries but as an abstract condition; interest in the lives and personalities of people with an intellectual impairment is new to the nineteenth century. This, it is argued, is connected with a developing interest in ordinary people. The portrayals in the selected works are related to changing medical perspectives on idiocy and how it should be treated during the period, in particular to the publicizing during the eighteen forties of the view that idiocy could be ameliorated through education.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dickinson
- University of Greenwich, Avery Hill Campus, Eltham, London SE9 2UG, UK.
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Monti OLA, Dickinson H, Mackenzie SR, Softley TP. Rapidly fluctuating anisotropy parameter in the near-threshold photodissociation of NO2. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Dickinson H, Mackenzie SR, Softley TP. (2+1) Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) and (2+1′) mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectroscopy of H2O. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1039/b005717g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dickinson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Beresnevich
- Institute of Mathematics, Academy of Sciences, Surganova 11, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - V. I. Bernik
- Institute of Mathematics, Academy of Sciences, Surganova 11, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - H. Dickinson
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, UK
| | - M. M. Dodson
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, UK
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Abstract
HOP1 protein, present in sporulating cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and believed to be a component of the synaptonemal complex, has been expressed in Escherichia coli fused to a biotinylated tag protein. Once solubilized from bacterial inclusion bodies, the HOP1 fusion protein was purified by using a combination of avidin-affinity chromatography and gel filtration FPLC and refolded. Sequence comparisons indicate that the HOP1 gene product contains a zinc finger motif, which may confer DNA binding properties, and the recombinant polypeptide was used to assess the putative DNA binding properties of the product of native HOP1 protein using a gel-shift assay. Protein and protein-DNA complexes were detected by exploiting the affinity of streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase for the biotinylated tag protein after Western blotting. The HOP1 fusion protein bound unambiguously to digested genomic yeast DNA. This binding possessed some degree of specificity, was maintained under a wide range of salt concentrations, and was unaffected by the presence of high concentrations of competitor DNA (synthetic poly[dI-dC].poly[dI-dC]). In contrast, no shift was detected when the fusion protein was incubated with digested genomic DNA from Arabidopsis, or with lambda/HindIII DNA. Incubation with digested genomic DNA from Lilium produced a small change in the mobility of the protein. The biotinylated tag protein failed to show any DNA binding activity. Scatchard analysis indicated an apparent yeast genomic DNA:HOP1 fusion protein dissociation constant of K(d) = 5 x 10(-7) M.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Alché
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, United Kingdom.
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de Dios Alché J, Dickinson H. Affinity chromatographic purification of antibodies to a biotinylated fusion protein expressed in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 1998; 12:138-43. [PMID: 9473468 DOI: 10.1006/prep.1997.0824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HOP1, a protein component of the synaptonemal complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is believed to play an important role in meiotic synapsis, was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein incorporating a "tag" polypeptide which is biotinylated naturally in the bacteria. The HOP1 fusion protein was produced in an insoluble form within the bacteria; once solubilized using a denaturing agent, the protein was purified by avidin monomer affinity chromatography. The recombinant protein was used to immunize rabbits and produce polyclonal antibodies. Procedures for affinity purification of antibodies using the recombinant protein attached to the avidin column and a magnetic method for concentration of antibodies are described. Antibody elution conditions in these procedures do not affect the affinity of the column for the recombinant protein, which can be recovered afterward. Affinity-purified antibodies show high binding capacity to HOP1 recombinant protein in immunoblotting experiments, but reduced background compared with crude antiserum or purified IgG fraction. The affinity-purified antibodies recognize a major band around 70 kDa in Western blots of yeast protein extracts following meiotic induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J de Dios Alché
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- V.I. Bernik
- Institute of Mathematics, Academy of Sciences, Surganova 11, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - H. Dickinson
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, UK
| | - M.M. Dodson
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, UK
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Stanchev BS, Doughty J, Scutt CP, Dickinson H, Croy RR. Cloning of PCP1, a member of a family of pollen coat protein (PCP) genes from Brassica oleracea encoding novel cysteine-rich proteins involved in pollen-stigma interactions. Plant J 1996; 10:303-313. [PMID: 8771786 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1996.10020303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The pollen coatings of both Brassica oleracea and Brassica napus contain a small family of basic 6-8 kDa proteins which are released on to the stigmatic surface on pollination. Following partial amino-acid sequencing of one of these pollen coat proteins (PCPs), PCR primers were constructed to isolate the PCP sequence from anther mRNA using RT-PCR. A cDNA was obtained which, in Northern hybridization experiments, revealed a characteristic pattern of expression during late stages of anther development. Interestingly, in situ hybridization revealed expression of this sequence to be confined to the cytoplasm of the trinucleate pollen grains: no signal was detected in the tapetum. Southern hybridization experiments have shown the gene (PCP1) to be a member of a large family of between 30 and 40 PCP genes in the genome of Brassica oleracea. Surprisingly, RFLP experiments showed reduced copy number (one to two copies) in some of the F2 segregants, perhaps resulting from the clustering of PCP sequences. PCP1 contains a single intron and encodes a small, basic peptide 83 amino acids in length featuring a hydrophobic signal peptide sequence separated from the more hydrophilic, cysteine-rich mature protein. The central part and C-terminal region of the peptide contain a characteristic and invariant pattern of eight cysteines which show clear homology with a number of other anther-specific genes; the remainder of the sequence shows little similarity to other sequences on the data bases. The product of PCP1 is a member of a large family of similar proteins, some of which have been demonstrated to bind specifically to S-locus glycoproteins, but does not appear to be genetically linked to the S-locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Stanchev
- Department of biological Sciences, University of Durham, UK
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Johnson RJ, Owen RG, Child JA, Morgan GJ, Barnard DL, Dickinson H, Ricketts S, Rawstron A, Evans P, Woodhead V, Major K, Robinson F, Smith GM. Mobilization of Philadelphia-negative peripheral blood mononuclear cells in chronic myeloid leukaemia using hydroxyurea and G-CSF (filgrastim). Br J Haematol 1996; 93:863-8. [PMID: 8703818 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1996.d01-1717.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A relatively simple and non-toxic out-patient-based regimen for the mobilization of Philadelphia-negative (Ph-ve) mononuclear cells in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) was evaluated in 10 patients, nine in stable chronic phase and one in accelerated phase. They received oral hydroxyurea at a mean dose of 3.5 g/m2 daily for 7 d, followed by 300 micrograms of G-CSF daily until the last day of harvesting. In the nine chronic-phase patients the mean number of days from the end of hydroxyurea to the commencement of harvesting was 14.5 (range 10-18). The patient in accelerated phase recovered and was harvested after 6 d. The mean number of aphereses performed was 3.4. Adequate numbers of stem cells were obtained in 9/10 patients judged by our usual criteria. Side-effects were mild in comparison to published intravenous schedules. No patients lost their hair. Five (50%) patients required admission with neutropenic fever which responded to antibiotics in all cases. Four (40%) patients developed a transient rash and four (40%) experienced mild oral mucostis. This level of toxicity enabled half of the patients to be treated entirely on an out-patient basis. The harvest products were analysed for cells belonging to the leukaemic clone by conventional cytogenetics, FISH and PCR. All were PCR positive. The mean Ph positivities by cytogenetics and FISH were comparable at 18.1% and 15% respectively. Half the patients had > 98% normal metaphases. We conclude that this approach is comparable in efficacy to published intravenous regimens and significantly less toxic. It can be safely used at diagnosis before interferon therapy commences.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Female
- Filgrastim
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/analysis
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/administration & dosage
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/adverse effects
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/therapeutic use
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Hydroxyurea/administration & dosage
- Hydroxyurea/adverse effects
- Hydroxyurea/therapeutic use
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/therapy
- Leukocyte Count
- Male
- Metaphase
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/pathology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects
- Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
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van Rhee F, Kasprzyk A, Jamil A, Dickinson H, Lin F, Cross NC, Galvin MC, Goldman JM, Secker-Walker LM. Detection of the BCR-ABL gene by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization in a patient with Philadelphia chromosome negative acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 1995; 90:225-8. [PMID: 7786793 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1995.tb03408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome is detected in leukaemia cells in approximately 20% of adults with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). When treated with chemotherapy alone, Ph-positive ALL has a poor prognosis, and patients may benefit from bone marrow transplantation in first remission. Here we report a patient with chromosomally normal bone marrow, in all 60 cells analysed, who was found to have the p210-type BCR-ABL chimaeric transcript by RT/PCR. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was labelled cosmid probes for BCR and ABL showed the presence of BCR-ABL juxtaposition on a normal chromosome 22 in leukaemia cell metaphases. We conclude that molecular and cytogenetic methods should be used in conjunction to detect the BCR-ABL gene rearrangement in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- F van Rhee
- LRF Centre for Adult Leukaemia, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London
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Abstract
It has been suggested that exposure to alcohol and lead may decrease testosterone levels in men which in turn may lead to an increase in the proportion of girls among their offspring. This hypothesis is tested on a new dataset of 268,109 children born in Cumbria from 1950-89. From fathers' occupations given on birth certificates, we calculated the sex ratio for offspring of men exposed occupationally to alcohol and lead. We carried out a meta-analysis of the present and previous studies. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that alcohol and lead lower the sex ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dickinson
- Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
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Whittaker C, Dickinson H, Humphreys J, Ramsammy R. An evaluation of communication strategies during the process of incorporating a college of health studies into a university. J Adv Nurs 1994; 19:653-8. [PMID: 8021385 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1994.tb01135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on an evaluation of communication strategies employed by management during the incorporation of a college of health care studies as a new faculty of a university. Mindful of the stress and anxiety that organizational change can evoke, from the earliest stages of the projected incorporation senior managers at the college and the university employed a wide variety of methods to communicate to staff in the college the changes that were in progress and at the same time to set up mechanisms for evaluating the effectiveness of the communication. The method of inquiry was a questionnaire to all the staff of the college in March and June of the year preceding incorporation. This was supported by interviews with a 10% sample of the college to explore in greater depth issues identified in the questionnaires. The findings indicated that in general communication had been perceived as effective; and that of the various methods used the two most valued by staff were: (a) a regular newsletter; and (b) an advisory and consultative committee of staff drawn from all areas of the work of the college up to and including senior lecturer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Whittaker
- Faculty of Health, University of Greenwich, London, England
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Parker L, Craft AW, Smith J, Dickinson H, Wakeford R, Binks K, McElvenny D, Scott L, Slovak A. Geographical distribution of preconceptional radiation doses to fathers employed at the Sellafield nuclear installation, West Cumbria. BMJ 1993; 307:966-71. [PMID: 8241907 PMCID: PMC1679188 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.307.6910.966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the geographical distribution of births associated with preconceptional exposure of fathers to radiation at the Sellafield nuclear installation is consistent with the suggestion that this exposure explains the excess of childhood lymphoid malignancy in the adjacent village of Seascale. DESIGN Retrospective birth cohort study. SETTING Cumbria, West Cumbria health district, and Seascale civil parish. SUBJECTS The 10,363 children born in Cumbria during 1950-89 to fathers employed at Sellafield. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The doses of external whole body ionising radiation received by fathers at Sellafield in the total time and in the six months before conception of their children; the proportions of the collective doses associated with Seascale and the rest of West Cumbria. RESULTS 9256 children were born to fathers who had been exposed to radiation before the child's conception. Of these, 7318 had fathers who were exposed in the six months before conception. Overall 7% (38 person-Sv) of the collective total preconceptional dose and 7% (3 person-Sv) of the collective dose for the six months before conception were associated with children born in Seascale. Of all the children whose fathers worked at Sellafield, 842 (8%) were born in Seascale. The mean individual doses before conception were consistently lower in Seascale than in the rest of West Cumbria. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of the paternal preconceptional radiation dose is statistically incompatible with this exposure providing a causal explanation for the cluster of childhood leukaemias in Seascale.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Parker
- Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne
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Doughty J, Hedderson F, McCubbin A, Dickinson H. Interaction between a coating-borne peptide of the Brassica pollen grain and stigmatic S (self-incompatibility)-locus-specific glycoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90:467-71. [PMID: 11607350 PMCID: PMC45684 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.2.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods are described for the removal of the sporophytic pollen grain coating of Brassica oleracea and for the isolation of coat polypeptides. The coat contains a small number of proteins ranging from 6 to 45 kDa. Many of the larger proteins are glycosylated, while all carry high positive charges resulting in pI values from 8.5 to 11. Polypeptides with pI values of 9.5, 9.0, and 8.5 possess strong esterase activity. No major differences could be detected in either pI values or molecular masses of pollen-coating polypeptides from grains carrying different sporophytically expressed S (self-incompatibility) alleles. Mixing pollen coat proteins with stigmatic extracts results in a conspicuous binding interaction involving female S-locus-specific and perhaps S-locus-related glycoproteins. This interaction, which is reversed by heating in the presence of SDS, results in an apparent charge shift of the female glycoprotein(s) of up to 2 pI units. The male participant in this interaction has been isolated by using a combination of fast protein liquid chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC and was shown to be a 7-kDa nonglycosylated peptide. Experiments with whole pollen cultured in vitro show challenge with stigmatic extracts to stimulate the release of gametophytic and sporophytic polypeptides and to result in the formation of a conspicuous interaction product, demonstrating the 7-kDa peptide to be freely available within the coating of pollen in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Doughty
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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