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Mahbub NU, Islam MM, Hong ST, Chung HJ. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and its effect on α-synuclein and prion protein misfolding: consequences for neurodegeneration. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1348279. [PMID: 38435303 PMCID: PMC10904658 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1348279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal behavior of α-synuclein and prion proteins is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and prion illnesses, respectively, being complex neurological disorders. A primary cause of protein aggregation, brain injury, and cognitive loss in prion illnesses is the misfolding of normal cellular prion proteins (PrPC) into an infectious form (PrPSc). Aggregation of α-synuclein causes disruptions in cellular processes in Parkinson's disease (PD), leading to loss of dopamine-producing neurons and motor symptoms. Alteration in the composition or activity of gut microbes may weaken the intestinal barrier and make it possible for prions to go from the gut to the brain. The gut-brain axis is linked to neuroinflammation; the metabolites produced by the gut microbiota affect the aggregation of α-synuclein, regulate inflammation and immunological responses, and may influence the course of the disease and neurotoxicity of proteins, even if their primary targets are distinct proteins. This thorough analysis explores the complex interactions that exist between the gut microbiota and neurodegenerative illnesses, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD) and prion disorders. The involvement of the gut microbiota, a complex collection of bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses etc., in various neurological illnesses is becoming increasingly recognized. The gut microbiome influences neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter synthesis, mitochondrial function, and intestinal barrier integrity through the gut-brain axis, which contributes to the development and progression of disease. The review delves into the molecular mechanisms that underlie these relationships, emphasizing the effects of microbial metabolites such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in regulating brain functioning. Additionally, it looks at how environmental influences and dietary decisions affect the gut microbiome and whether they could be risk factors for neurodegenerative illnesses. This study concludes by highlighting the critical role that the gut microbiota plays in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) and prion disease. It also provides a promising direction for future research and possible treatment approaches. People afflicted by these difficult ailments may find hope in new preventive and therapeutic approaches if the role of the gut microbiota in these diseases is better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Uddin Mahbub
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Ahn JS, Koo BC, Choi YJ, Jung WW, Kim HS, Lee SJ, Hong ST, Chung HJ. Identification of Muscle Strength-Related Gut Microbes through Human Fecal Microbiome Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:662. [PMID: 38203833 PMCID: PMC10779158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is well known for its influence on human physiology and aging. Therefore, we speculate that the gut microbiome may affect muscle strength in the same way as the host's own genes. To demonstrate candidates for gut microbes affecting muscle strength, we remodeled the original gut microbiome of mice into human intestinal microbiome through fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT), using human feces and compared the changes in muscle strength in the same mice before and three months after FMT. After comparing before and after FMT, the mice were divided into three groups based on the observed changes in muscle strength: positive, none, and negative changes in muscle strength. As a result of analyzing the α-diversity, β-diversity, and co-occurrence network of the intestinal microbial community before and after FMT, it was observed that a more diverse intestinal microbial community was established after FMT in all groups. In particular, the group with increased muscle strength had more gut microbiome species and communities than the other groups. Fold-change comparison showed that Eisenbergiella massiliensis and Anaeroplasma abactoclasticum from the gut microbiome had positive contributions to muscle strength, while Ileibacterium valens and Ethanoligenens harbinense had negative effects. This study identifies candidates for the gut microbiome that contribute positively and those that contribute negatively to muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Seon Ahn
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Jeolla, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.A.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Chul Koo
- Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; (W.-W.J.); (H.-S.K.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Jin Choi
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Jeolla, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.A.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Woon-Won Jung
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; (W.-W.J.); (H.-S.K.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Hyun-Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; (W.-W.J.); (H.-S.K.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Suk-Jun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; (W.-W.J.); (H.-S.K.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Jeolla, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.A.); (Y.-J.C.)
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Ahn JS, Mahbub NU, Kim S, Kim HB, Choi JS, Chung HJ, Hong ST. Nectandrin B significantly increases the lifespan of Drosophila - Nectandrin B for longevity. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12749-12762. [PMID: 37983180 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are increasingly recognized in the field of healthy aging as potential therapeutics against various aging-related diseases. Nutmeg, derived from the Myristica fragrans tree, is an example. Nutmeg has been extensively studied and proven to possess antioxidant properties that protect against aging and alleviate serious diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and liver disease. However, the specific active ingredient in nutmeg responsible for these health benefits has not been identified thus far. In this study, we present evidence that Nectandrin B (NecB), a bioactive lignan compound isolated from nutmeg, significantly extended the lifespan of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster by as much as 42.6% compared to the control group. NecB also improved age-related symptoms including locomotive deterioration, body weight gain, eye degeneration, and neurodegeneration in aging D. melanogaster. This result represents the most substantial improvement in lifespan observed in animal experiments to date, suggesting that NecB may hold promise as a potential therapeutic agent for promoting longevity and addressing age-related degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Seon Ahn
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
| | - Nasir Uddin Mahbub
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sura Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Byeol Kim
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Choi
- Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54907, Republic of Korea
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Zhai C, Wang M, Jin Y, Chung HJ, Kim S, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Oral delivery of a host-directed antiviral, niclosamide, as a cholate-coated nanoformulation. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:106973. [PMID: 37741586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Potentially significant drug candidates often face elimination from consideration due to the lack of an effective method for systemic delivery. The poor solubility of these candidates has posed a major obstacle for their development as oral pills or injectables. Niclosamide, a host-directed antiviral, is a good example. In this study, a nanoformulation technology that allows for the non-covalent formulation of niclosamide with cholic acids was developed. This formulation enables efficient systemic delivery through endocytosis and enterohepatic circulation of bile-acid-coated nanoparticles. The oral bioavailability of niclosamide-delivery nanoparticles (NDNs) was significantly enhanced to 38.3%, representing an eight-fold increase compared with pure niclosamide. Consequently, the plasma concentration of niclosamide for the NDN formulation reached 1179.6 ng/mL, which is 11 times higher than the therapeutic plasma level. This substantial increase in plasma level contributed to the complete resolution of clinical symptoms in animals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This nanoformulation not only provides an orally deliverable antiviral drug for SARS-CoV-2 with improved pharmaceutical bioavailability, but also offers a solution to the systemic delivery challenges faced by potentially significant drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongkai Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, South Korea; Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Centre of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, China
| | - Mingda Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Yanyan Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sura Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- SNJ Pharma Inc., BioLabs-LA at the Lundquist Institute for BioMedical Innovation at Harbor UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA.
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, South Korea.
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Hossain MR, Alam R, Chung HJ, Eva TA, Kabir MF, Mamurat H, Hong ST, Hafiz MA, Hossen SMM. In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Study of Cucurbita moschata Flower Extract: A Promising Source of Natural Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antibacterial Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:6573. [PMID: 37764349 PMCID: PMC10536299 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For thousands of years, medicinal plants have played a pivotal role in maintaining human health and improving the quality of human life. This study was designed to analyze the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial potentials of a hydro-methanolic extract of Cucurbita moschata flowers, along with qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening. The anti-inflammatory effect was tested using the in vitro membrane stabilizing method for human red blood cells (HRBC), the analgesic effect was tested using the in vivo acetic acid-induced writing method, and the antibacterial effect was tested using the disc diffusion method. In silico ADME/T and molecular docking studies were performed to assess the potential of the stated phytochemicals against Cyclooxygenase-II enzyme. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and carbohydrates. The flower extract demonstrated the maximum protection of human red blood cells at 1000 µg/mL, with a 65.73% reduction in hemolysis in a hypotonic solution. The extract also showed significant (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent analgesic effects at oral doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg on the tested animals. Furthermore, the flower extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity due to the disc diffusion method, which was compared with standard ciprofloxacin. In silico testing revealed that 42 phytochemicals exhibited notable pharmacokinetic properties and passed drug likeness screening tests. Among the six best-selected compounds, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methanamine showed the highest binding affinity (-10.1) with significant non-bonding interactions with the target enzyme. In conclusion, the hydro-methanolic extract of Cucurbita moschata was found to be rich in various phytochemicals that may be associated with therapeutic potential, and this study supports the traditional use of Cucurbita moschata flowers in the management of inflammation and painful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rabiul Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology, Foy’s Lake, Chittagong 4202, Bangladesh; (M.R.H.); (H.M.)
| | - Rashedul Alam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju 61715, Republic of Korea
| | - Taslima Akter Eva
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh;
| | | | - Husnum Mamurat
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology, Foy’s Lake, Chittagong 4202, Bangladesh; (M.R.H.); (H.M.)
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea;
| | - Md. Al Hafiz
- Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh;
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Ahn JS, Choi YJ, Kim HB, Chung HJ, Hong ST. Identification of the Intestinal Microbes Associated with Locomotion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11392. [PMID: 37511151 PMCID: PMC10380270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the impact of the gut microbiome on human physiology and aging, it is possible that the gut microbiome may affect locomotion in the same way as the host's own genes. There is not yet any direct evidence linking the gut microbiome to locomotion, though there are some potential connections, such as regular physical activity and the immune system. In this study, we demonstrate that the gut microbiome can contribute differently to locomotion. We remodeled the original gut microbiome of mice through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using human feces and compared the changes in locomotion of the same mice before and three months after FMT. We found that FMT affected locomotion in three different ways: positive, none (the same), and negative. Analysis of the phylogenesis, α-diversities, and β-diversities of the gut microbiome in the three groups showed that a more diverse group of intestinal microbes was established after FMT in each of the three groups, indicating that the human gut microbiome is more diverse than that of mice. The FMT-remodeled gut microbiome in each group was also different from each other. Fold change and linear correlation analyses identified Lacrimispora indolis, Pseudoflavonifractor phocaeensis, and Alistipes senegalensis in the gut microbiome as positive contributors to locomotion, while Sphingobacterium cibi, Prevotellamassilia timonensis, Parasutterella excrementihominis, Faecalibaculum rodentium, and Muribaculum intestinale were found to have negative effects. This study not only confirms the presence of gut microbiomes that contribute differently to locomotion, but also explains the mixed results in research on the association between the gut microbiome and locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Seon Ahn
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Choi
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Byeol Kim
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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Taniya MA, Chung HJ, Al Mamun A, Alam S, Aziz MA, Emon NU, Islam MM, Hong STS, Podder BR, Ara Mimi A, Aktar Suchi S, Xiao J. Role of Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Therapeutic Regulation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:915701. [PMID: 35937689 PMCID: PMC9355470 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.915701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that affects normal brain development. The recent finding of the microbiota–gut–brain axis indicates the bidirectional connection between our gut and brain, demonstrating that gut microbiota can influence many neurological disorders such as autism. Most autistic patients suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Many studies have shown that early colonization, mode of delivery, and antibiotic usage significantly affect the gut microbiome and the onset of autism. Microbial fermentation of plant-based fiber can produce different types of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that may have a beneficial or detrimental effect on the gut and neurological development of autistic patients. Several comprehensive studies of the gut microbiome and microbiota–gut–brain axis help to understand the mechanism that leads to the onset of neurological disorders and find possible treatments for autism. This review integrates the findings of recent years on the gut microbiota and ASD association, mainly focusing on the characterization of specific microbiota that leads to ASD and addressing potential therapeutic interventions to restore a healthy balance of gut microbiome composition that can treat autism-associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuma Afrin Taniya
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Environment and Life Science, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hea-Jong Chung, ; Jian Xiao,
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Safaet Alam
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seong-T shool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Bristy Rani Podder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anjuman Ara Mimi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Suzia Aktar Suchi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hea-Jong Chung, ; Jian Xiao,
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Sultana N, Chung HJ, Emon NU, Alam S, Taki MTI, Rudra S, Tahamina A, Alam R, Ahmed F, Mamun AA. Biological Functions of Dillenia pentagyna Roxb. Against Pain, Inflammation, Fever, Diarrhea, and Thrombosis: Evidenced From in vitro, in vivo, and Molecular Docking Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:911274. [PMID: 35903446 PMCID: PMC9315376 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.911274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dillenia pentagyna Roxb. is traditionally used to treat cancer, wound healing, diabetes, and diarrhea in local tribes. This study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological potentiality of this plant. In vivo analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic studies of the methanol extracts of D. pentagyna (MEDP) leaves were performed by using acetic acid-induced nociception, formalin-induced paw licking, and yeast-induced pyrexia assay methods, respectively. In vivo antidiarrheal activity was carried out in mice by following castor oil-induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal transit manner. In vitro thrombolytic experiment was performed employing the clot lysis activity. Besides, a molecular docking study was performed by executing the software (PyRx, Discovery Studio, and UCSF Chimera). In the acetic acid-induced writhing study, MEDP possesses significant writhing inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. It showed 50.86% of maximum inhibition of pain in the case of MEDP at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight. In the anti-inflammatory study, maximum inhibition rate was observed at a value of 59.98 and 41.29% in early and late phases, respectively, at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight. In the case of yeast-induced hyperpyrexia, MEDP reduced hyperpyrexia in a dose-dependent manner. In the antidiarrheal assay, MEDP moderately inhibited the occurrence of diarrhea in all the experiments. In the thrombolytic study, a moderate (17.76%) clot lysis potency has been yielded by MEDP. Again, the molecular docking simulation revealed strong binding affinities with almost all the targeted proteins. The present study suggests that the MEDP possesses remarkable pharmacological activity and this finding validated the ethnobotanical significance of D. pentagyna as the source of pain, fever, and diarrhea management agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahida Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Safaet Alam
- Drugs and Toxins Research Divison, BCSIR Laboratories Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Safaet Alam,
| | - Md. Tohidul Islam Taki
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sajib Rudra
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
- Sajib Rudra,
| | - Afroza Tahamina
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Rashedul Alam
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Firoj Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Chakrabarty N, Chung HJ, Alam R, Emon NU, Alam S, Kabir MF, Islam MM, Hong ST, Sarkar T, Sarker MMR, Rahman MM. Chemico-Pharmacological Screening of the Methanol Extract of Gynura nepalensis D.C. Deciphered Promising Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potentials: Evidenced from in vitro, in vivo, and Computer-Aided Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113474. [PMID: 35684412 PMCID: PMC9182521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynura nepalensis D.C. (family: Asteraceae) has abundant uses in the alternative medicinal practice, and this species is commonly used in the treatment of diabetes, rheumatism, cuts or wounds, asthma, kidney stones, cough, urinary tract bleeding, gall bladder stones, hepatitis, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, constipation, vomiting, fertility problems, blood poisoning, septicemia, skin allergy, indigestion, high cholesterol levels, and so on. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of the methanol extract of the Gynura nepalensis D.C. (GNME) along with chemical profiling with phytochemical screening. Moreover, prospective phytocompounds have been screened virtually to present the binding affinity of the bioactive components to the hepatic and oxidative receptors. In the hepatoprotective study, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), and lipid peroxidation (LP) and total bilirubin (TB) have been assessed, and in the antioxidant study, the DPPH free radical scavenging, total antioxidant flavonoid, and phenolic contents were determined. Moreover, the molecular binding affinity of the bioactive component of the plant has been analyzed using PyRx AutoDock Vina, Chimera, and Discovery Studio software. The plant extract showed dose-dependent hepatoprotective potential (p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001) as well as strong antioxidant properties. Moreover, hepatoprotective and antioxidant molecular docking studies revealed a result varying from −2.90 kcal/mol to −10.1 kcal/mol. 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid revealed the highest binding affinity among the selected molecules. However, the plant showed portent antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties in the in vitro, in vivo, and in silico models, and it is presumed that the hepatoprotective properties of the plant extract have occurred due to the presence of the vast bioactive chemical compounds as well as their antioxidant properties. Therefore, advanced studies are recommended to elucidate the pharmacological properties of the plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju 61715, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Rashedul Alam
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh;
| | - Safaet Alam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (H.-J.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Mohammed Fazlul Kabir
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Md. Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (M.M.I.); (S.-T.H.)
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (M.M.I.); (S.-T.H.)
| | - Tapas Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh; or
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Division, Health Med Science Research Limited, 3/1 Block F, Lalmatia, Mohammadpur, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Manjur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh;
- Correspondence: (H.-J.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.R.)
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10
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Zhai C, Ahn JS, Islam MM, Lkhagva E, Chung HJ, Hong ST. Comparative Analysis of Original and Replaced Gut Microbiomes within Same Individuals Identified the Intestinal Microbes Associated with Weight Gaining. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051062. [PMID: 35630504 PMCID: PMC9144321 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise mechanisms of action of the host’s gut microbiome at the level of its constituting bacteria are obscure in most cases despite its definitive role. To study the precise role of the gut microbiome on the phenotypes of a host by excluding host factors, we analyzed two different gut microbiomes within the same individual mouse after replacing the gut microbiome with a new one to exclude the host factors. The gut microbiome of conventional C57BL/6 mice was randomly reestablished by feeding fecal samples from obese humans to the mice, and depleting their original gut microbiome with an antibiotic and antifungal treatment. Comparison of body weight changes before and 3 months after the replacement of the gut microbiome showed that the gut microbiome replacement affected the body weight gain in three different ways: positive, medium, and negative. The differences in body weight gain were associated with establishment of a different kind of gut microbiome in each of the mice. In addition, body weight gaining was negatively associated with the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which is consistent with previous recent findings. Thorough statistical analysis at low taxonomic levels showed that uncultured bacteria NR_074436.1, NR_144750.1, and NR_0421101.1 were positively associated with body weight gain, while Trichinella pseudospiralis and uncultured bacteria NR_024815.1 and NR_144616.1 were negatively associated. This work shows that replacement of the gut microbiome within the same individual provides an excellent opportunity for the purpose of gut microbiome analysis by excluding the host factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongkai Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (C.Z.); (J.-S.A.); (M.M.I.); (E.L.)
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Ji-Seon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (C.Z.); (J.-S.A.); (M.M.I.); (E.L.)
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Korea
| | - Md Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (C.Z.); (J.-S.A.); (M.M.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Enkhchimeg Lkhagva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (C.Z.); (J.-S.A.); (M.M.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju 61751, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.C.); (S.-T.H.); Tel.: +82-62-712-4414 (H.-J.C.); +82-63-270-3105 (S.-T.H.)
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (C.Z.); (J.-S.A.); (M.M.I.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: (H.-J.C.); (S.-T.H.); Tel.: +82-62-712-4414 (H.-J.C.); +82-63-270-3105 (S.-T.H.)
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11
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Islam MM, Alam R, Chung HJ, Emon NU, Fazlul Kabir M, Rudra S, Alam S, Ullah A, Hong ST, Aktar Sayeed M. Chemical, Pharmacological and Computerized Molecular Analysis of Stem's Extracts of Bauhinia scandens L. Provide Insights into the Management of Diarrheal and Microbial Infections. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020265. [PMID: 35057446 PMCID: PMC8778859 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bauhinia scandens L. (Family: Fabaceae) is commonly used to treat cholera, diarrhea, asthma, and diabetes disorder in integrative medicine. This study aimed to screen the presence of phytochemicals (preliminary and UPLC-QTOF–M.S. analysis) and to examine the pharmacological activities of Bauhinia scandens L. stems (MEBS) stem extracts. Besides, in silico study was also implemented to elucidate the binding affinity and drug capability of the selected phytochemicals. In vivo anti diarrheal activity was investigated in mice models. In vitro, antibacterial and antifungal properties of MEBS against several pathogenic strains were evaluated using the disc diffusion method. In addition, in silico study has been employed using Discovery studio 2020, UCFS Chimera, PyRx autodock vina, and online tools. In the anti-diarrheal investigation, MEBS showed a significant dose-dependent inhibition rate in all three methods. The antibacterial and antifungal screening showed a remarkable zone of inhibition, of the diameter 14–26 mm and 12–28 mm, by MEBS. The present study revealed that MEBS has remarkable anti-diarrheal potential and is highly effective in wide-spectrum bacterial and fungal strains. Moreover, the in silico study validated the results of biological screenings. To conclude, MEBS is presumed to be a good source in treating diarrhea, bacterial and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (M.M.I.); (S.-T.H.)
| | - Rashedul Alam
- Department of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (R.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju 61715, Korea;
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh;
| | | | - Sajib Rudra
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram 4331, Bangladesh;
| | - Safaet Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh;
| | - Ahsan Ullah
- Department of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (R.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (M.M.I.); (S.-T.H.)
| | - Mohammed Aktar Sayeed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Son IS, Han SY, Chung HJ, Hong JE, Kang MS. Unstable Non-isthmic Spondylolisthesis Following Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy Assisted Unilateral Laminotomy for Bilateral Decompression: A Case Report. Malays Orthop J 2021; 15:147-151. [PMID: 34966512 PMCID: PMC8667255 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2111.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar decompressive laminectomy is a standard treatment for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, but in some cases, can lead to iatrogenic spondylolysis and delayed segmental instability. Iatrogenic spondylolysis occurs in most cases in pars interarticularis, but rare cases have also been reported, pediculolysis in pedicle and laminolysis in lamina. Minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS) is known to have a low risk of developing these iatrogenic spondylolyses, and unilateral biportal endoscopy is the MIS that has been drawing attention. We present a case of a 72-year-old female who was diagnosed with L4-5 unstable non-isthmic spondylolisthesis and severe right central disc extrusion 10 weeks after UBE assisted unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (ULBD) at the consecutive segments of L3-4 and L4-5. Pre-operative imaging studies revealed severe central stenosis without spondylolisthesis at L3-L4 and L4-L5 along with L4-L5 facet tropism. She was managed by anterior lumbar interbody fusion and cement augmented pedicle screw fixation, which resulted in the complete resolution of her clinical and neurologic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Son
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeju National University College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - S Y Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei Knee Spine Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bumin Hospital Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J E Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jeju National University College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - M S Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bumin Hospital Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Zhai C, Wang M, Chung HJ, Hassan M, Lee S, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Roborovski hamster (Phodopus roborovskii) strain SH101 as a systemic infection model of SARS-CoV-2. Virulence 2021; 12:2430-2442. [PMID: 34517779 PMCID: PMC8451461 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1972201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a worldwide threat with its unusually high transmission rates and rapid evolution into diverse strains. Unlike typical respiratory viruses, SARS-CoV-2 frequently causes systemic infection by breaking the boundaries of the respiratory systems. The development of animal models recapitulating the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is of utmost importance not only for the development of vaccines and antivirals but also for understanding the pathogenesis. However, there has not been developed an animal model for systemic infection of SARS-CoV-2 representing most aspects of the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 with systemic symptoms. Here we report that a Roborovski hamster strain SH101, a laboratory inbred hamster strain of P. roborovskii, displayed most symptoms of systemic infection upon SARS-CoV-2 infection as in the case of the human counterpart, unlike current COVID-19 animal models. Roborovski hamster strain SH101 post-infection of SARS-CoV-2 represented most clinical symptoms of COVID-19 such as snuffling, labored breathing, dyspnea, cough, hunched posture, progressive weight loss, ruffled fur, and high fever following shaking chills. Histological examinations also revealed initial right-predominated pneumonia as well as slight organ damages in the brain and liver, manifesting systemic COVID-19 cases. Considering the merit of a small animal as well as its clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human, this hamster model seems to provide an ideal tool to investigate COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongkai Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Mingda Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mehedi Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Inc, Bongdong, South Korea
| | - Seungkoo Lee
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Inc, Bongdong, South Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
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14
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Park GR, Kim HS, Kim YT, Chung HJ, Ha SJ, Kim DW, Kang DR, Kim JY, Lee MY, Lee JY. Waist circumference and the risk of lumbar and femur fractures: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:1198-1205. [PMID: 33629289 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_24822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Although obesity is known to have an influence on fracture, the relationship between lumbar and femur fractures and weight or waist circumference is controversial. We investigated the incidence of fracture with regards to waist circumference using the customised database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Among 8,922,940 adults who participated at least twice in the NHIS National Health Check-up Program in South Korea between 2009 and 2011, 1,556,751 subjects (780,074 men and 776,677 women) were extracted. Over a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher waist circumference was associated with an increased risk of femur fractures in both males and females. Moreover, the incidence of lumbar fractures was also positively associated with an increased waist circumference in males and females. An increased waist circumference showed a positive linear relationship with the risk of lumbar and femur fractures in both males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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15
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An HM, Yeo SH, Chung HJ, Cho HS, Bae SJ, Kim JY, Kang DR, Lee MY, Lee JY. Visit-to-visit changes in fasting blood sugar and the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality in the Korean population: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:263-272. [PMID: 33506915 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of continuous monitoring of fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels of diabetic patients has been established. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational prospective study was conducted. Our analysis included 1,700,796 individuals from the nationwide South Korean National Health Insurance System cohort. FBS variability was measured by standard deviation (SD). RESULTS Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated elevated disease probability in the higher FBS fluctuation group compared with the lower FBS fluctuation group. After adjusting for confounding variables, Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that the hazard ratios of 411 individuals in the highest quartile of SD variation of FBS were 1.77 (95% confidence interval 1.37-2.28, p<0.001) compared with the lowest quartile of SD variation of FBS. The impact of FBS fluctuation on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cerebrovascular diseases, CVD mortality and all-cause mortality in the highest quartiles of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Visit-to-visit FBS variability has prognostic value for predicting micro- and macrovascular disease, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M An
- Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
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16
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Lkhagva E, Chung HJ, Hong J, Tang WHW, Lee SI, Hong ST, Lee S. The regional diversity of gut microbiome along the GI tract of male C57BL/6 mice. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:44. [PMID: 33579191 PMCID: PMC7881553 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proliferation and survival of microbial organisms including intestinal microbes are determined by their surrounding environments. Contrary to popular myth, the nutritional and chemical compositions, water contents, O2 contents, temperatures, and pH in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of a human are very different in a location-specific manner, implying heterogeneity of the microbial composition in a location-specific manner. RESULTS We first investigated the environmental conditions at 6 different locations along the GI tract and feces of ten weeks' old male SPF C57BL/6 mice. As previously known, the pH and water contents of the GI contents at the different locations of the GI tract were very different from each other in a location-specific manner, and none of which were not even similar to those of feces. After confirming the heterogeneous nature of the GI contents in specific locations and feces, we thoroughly analyzed the composition of the microbiome of the GI contents and feces. 16S rDNA-based metagenome sequencing on the GI contents and feces showed the presence of 13 different phyla. The abundance of Firmicutes gradually decreased from the stomach to feces while the abundance of Bacteroidetes gradually increased. The taxonomic α-diversities measured by ACE (Abundance-based Coverage Estimator) richness, Shannon diversity, and Fisher's alpha all indicated that the diversities of gut microbiome at colon and cecum were much higher than that of feces. The diversities of microbiome compositions were lowest in jejunum and ileum while highest in cecum and colon. Interestingly, the diversities of the fecal microbiome were lower than those of the cecum and colon. Beta diversity analyses by NMDS plots, PCA, and unsupervised hierarchical clustering all showed that the microbiome compositions were very diverse in a location-specific manner. Direct comparison of the fecal microbiome with the microbiome of the whole GI tracts by α-and β-diversities showed that the fecal microbiome did not represent the microbiome of the whole GI tract. CONCLUSION The fecal microbiome is different from the whole microbiome of the GI tract, contrary to a baseline assumption of contemporary microbiome research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhchimeg Lkhagva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jinny Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wai Hong Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seungkoo Lee
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwon National University Hospital, 1 Gangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, South Korea.
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17
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Chung HJ, Islam MS, Rahman MM, Hong ST. Neuroprotective function of Omi to α-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 136:104706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Chung HJ, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Tumor-specific delivery of a paclitaxel-loading HSA-haemin nanoparticle for cancer treatment. Nanomedicine 2019; 23:102089. [PMID: 31487550 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A cancer-targeted chemotherapy could potentially eradicate cancers if anticancer drugs are delivered precisely to the cancers. Although various types of nanoparticles have been developed for cancer-specific delivery of anticancer drugs, the drug delivery capabilities of these nanoparticles were not specific enough to eradicate cancer. Here, we developed a targeting-enhancing nanoparticle of paclitaxel, in which paclitaxel was encapsulated with a human serum albumin-haemin complex through non-covalent bonding. The average diameter of TENPA was approximately 140 nm with a zeta potential of +29 mV. TENPA maintained its structural integrity and stability without forming protein coronas in the blood for optimal passive targeting. These characteristics of TENPA resulted in paclitaxel accumulation that was 4.1 times greater than that of Abraxane, an albumin-bound paclitaxel, in cancer tissue. The dramatic improvement in cancer targeting of TENPA led to reduced systemic toxicity of paclitaxel and eradication of end-stage cancer in a xenografted mouse experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., Wanju, Chonbuk, South Korea.
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea.
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19
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Shirina S, Chung HJ, Saidul IM, Hong ST. The neuroprotective role of hSP-2 in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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20
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Minarul IM, Saidul IM, Chung HJ, Hong ST. The neuroprotective function of dSP-2 in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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21
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Islam MS, Jin YY, Chung HJ, Kim HJ, Baek SH, Hong ST. Effect of the Resveratrol Rice DJ526 on Longevity. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081804. [PMID: 31387244 PMCID: PMC6723356 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is the best-known chemical for extending the lifespan of various organisms. Extensive recent research has shown that resveratrol can extend the lifespan of single-celled organisms, but its effects on the extension of animal lifespans are marginal. Despite the limited efficacy of pure resveratrol, resveratrol with the endogenous property of the DJ rice in the resveratrol rice DJ526 previously showed profound health benefits. Here, we report that the resveratrol rice DJ526 markedly extended the lifespan of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster by as much as 41.4% compared to that of the control. The resveratrol rice DJ526 also improved age-related symptoms such as locomotive deterioration, body weight gain, eye degeneration and neurodegeneration in D. melanogaster upon aging. This result shows the most significantly improved lifespan in animal experiments to date, meaning that the resveratrol rice DJ526 will assist in the development of a therapeutic agent for longevity or addressing age-related degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saidul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea
| | - Yan Yan Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., Bongdong, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55321, Korea
| | - So-Hyeon Baek
- Department of Well-Being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
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22
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Abstract
For decades, supporting the optimal growth of low birth weight (LBW) infants has been considered one of the most important paediatric challenges, despite advances in neonatal intensive care technology and nutrition interventions. Since gut microbiota affects such diverse phenotypes in adults, the difference in gut microbiota composition between normal infants and LBW infants raises the possibility of gut microbiota playing an important role in different growth rates of neonates. Based on the concept that probiotics are generally beneficial to the health, numerous studies have been made on probiotics as a supplement to the diet of the LBW infants. However, clinical results on the effects of probiotics on LBW infant growth are either inconsistent or contradictory with each other, and thus the contribution of gut microbiota in neonatal growth has remained inconclusive. In this review, recent researches on neonatal gut microbiota are discussed to develop a new strategy for targeting gut microbiota as a solution to growth retardation in LBW infants. We also discuss how to establish the ideal gut microbiota to support optimal growth of LBW infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science , Chonbuk National University Medical School , Jeonju , Jeollabuk-do , South Korea.,b Department of Pediatrics , Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Hue , Vietnam
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science , Chonbuk National University Medical School , Jeonju , Jeollabuk-do , South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- c JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co , Wanju , Chonbuk , South Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science , Chonbuk National University Medical School , Jeonju , Jeollabuk-do , South Korea
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Kwon YD, Oh JM, La MT, Chung HJ, Lee SJ, Chun S, Lee SH, Jeong BH, Kim HK. Synthesis and Evaluation of Multifunctional Fluorescent Inhibitors with Synergistic Interaction of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen and Hypoxia for Prostate Cancer. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 30:90-100. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Do Kwon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro,
Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Oh
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Thanh La
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Joo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkun Chun
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoon Jeong
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 820-120 Hana-ro, Iksan 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical
Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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Chung HJ, Nguyen TTB, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Gut Microbiota as a Missing Link Between Nutrients and Traits of Human. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1510. [PMID: 30034384 PMCID: PMC6043858 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Thi T B Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., Wanju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
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Jin YY, Singh P, Chung HJ, Hong ST. Blood Ammonia as a Possible Etiological Agent for Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:E564. [PMID: 29734664 PMCID: PMC5986444 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), characterized by cognitive decline and devastating neurodegeneration, is the most common age-related dementia. Since AD is a typical example of a complex disease that is affected by various genetic and environmental factors, various factors could be involved in preventing and/or treating AD. Extracellular accumulation of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and intracellular accumulation of tau undeniably play essential roles in the etiology of AD. However, interestingly enough, medications targeting Aβ or tau all failed and the only clinically efficient medications for AD are drugs targeting the cholinergic pathway. Also, a very intriguing discovery in AD is that the Mediterranean diet (MeDi), containing an unusually large quantity of Lactobacilli, is very effective in preventing AD. Based on recently emerging findings, it is our opinion that the reduction of blood ammonia levels by Lactobacilli in MeDi is the therapeutic agent of MeDi for AD. The recent evidence of Lactobacilli lowering blood ammonia level not only provides a link between AD and MeDi but also provides a foundation of pharmabiotics for hyperammonemia as well as various neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
| | - Parul Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
| | - Seong-Tschool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
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Singh P, Chung HJ, Lee IA, D'Souza R, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Elucidation of the anti-hyperammonemic mechanism of Lactobacillus amylovorus JBD401 by comparative genomic analysis. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:292. [PMID: 29695242 PMCID: PMC5918772 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent experimental evidence showed that lactobacilli could be used as potential therapeutic agents for hyperammonemia. However, lack of understanding on how lactobacilli reduce blood ammonia levels limits application of lactobacilli to treat hyperammonemia. Results We report the finished and annotated genome sequence of L. amylovorus JBD401 (GenBank accession no. CP012389). L. amylovorus JBD401 reducing blood ammonia levels dramatically was identified by high-throughput screening of several thousand probiotic strains both within and across Lactobacillus species in vitro. Administration of L. amylovorus JBD401 to hyperammonemia-induced mice reduced the blood ammonia levels of the mice to the normal range. Genome sequencing showed that L. amylovorus JBD401 had a circular chromosome of 1,946,267 bp with an average GC content of 38.13%. Comparative analysis of the L. amylovorus JBD401 genome with L. acidophilus and L. amylovorus strains showed that L. amylovorus JBD401 possessed genes for ammonia assimilation into various amino acids and polyamines Interestingly, the genome of L. amylovorus JBD401 contained unusually large number of various pseudogenes suggesting an active stage of evolution. Conclusions L. amylovorus JBD401 has genes for assimilation of free ammonia into various amino acids and polyamines which results in removal of free ammonia in intestinal lumen to reduce the blood ammonia levels in the host. This work explains the mechanism of how probiotics reduce blood ammonia levels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4672-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, 54907, South Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, 54907, South Korea
| | - In-Ah Lee
- Present address: Department of Chemistry, Gunsan National University, Gunsan, Chonbuk, 51450, South Korea
| | - Roshan D'Souza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, 54907, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., 913 Gwahak-Ro, Bongdong, Wanju, Chonbuk, 55321, South Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, 54907, South Korea.
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Kwon YD, Chung HJ, Lee SJ, Lee SH, Jeong BH, Kim HK. Synthesis of novel multivalent fluorescent inhibitors with high affinity to prostate cancer and their biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:572-576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Nguyen TTB, Jin YY, Chung HJ, Hong ST. Pharmabiotics as an Emerging Medication for Metabolic Syndrome and Its Related Diseases. Molecules 2017; 22:E1795. [PMID: 29064399 PMCID: PMC6151620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic risk factors associated with central obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and high blood pressure. In recent decades, because of the remarkable increase in both prevalence and severity, MetS and its related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), obesity, hypertension and diabetes have become the main global burden and challenge in strategic management involving prevention and treatment. However, currently, the preventions and treatments based on pharmaceutical interventions do not provide a solution for MetS and its related diseases. Recently, gut microbiota showed clear evidence of preventing and/or treating MetS, shedding light on treating MetS and its related diseases through a completely different approach. In this review, we will interpret the effects of current pharmaceutical drugs used in preventing and treating MetS and its related diseases to understand remaining issues of those interventions. We will explore the possibility of developing gut microbiota as pharmabiotics in a completely new medication option for treating MetS and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
| | - Yan Yan Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Microbiology, Seonam University Medical School, Namwon, Chonbuk 55321, Korea.
| | - Seong-Tschool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, Korea.
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Jamal MAHM, Sharma SP, Chung HJ, Kim HJ, Hong ST, Lee S. Ultra-High Efficient Colony PCR for High Throughput Screening of Bacterial Genes. Indian J Microbiol 2017; 57:365-369. [PMID: 28904423 PMCID: PMC5574782 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-017-0665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Current colony PCR methods are not suitable for screening genes encoded in genomic DNA and are limited to E. coli host strains. Here, we describe an ultra-high efficient colony PCR method for high throughput screening of bacterial genes embedded in the genomic DNA of any bacterial species. This new technique expands colony PCR method to several hosts as well as offers a rapid, less expensive and reliable bacterial genomic DNA extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Satya Priya Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Seonam University Medical School, Namwon, Chonbuk 55321 South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., Wanju, Chonbuk Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seungkoo Lee
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kanwong National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341 South Korea
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Chung HJ, Lee HK, Kim HJ, Baek SH, Hong ST. Gene expression profiles and physiological data from mice fed resveratrol-enriched rice DJ526. Sci Data 2016; 3:160114. [PMID: 27996975 PMCID: PMC5170592 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2016.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism underlying lifespan extension by resveratrol remains widely discussed. To help study this mechanism, we previously created resveratrol-enriched rice, DJ526, by transferring the resveratrol biosynthesis gene into Dongjin rice. DJ526 accumulates 1.4–1.9 μg g−1 of resveratrol in its grain and can ameliorates age-related deterioration in mice, as compared to control animals, based on assessments of motor coordination, physical strength and cutaneous tissue aging. Here, we present raw data sets, deposited in public repositories, from microarray analysis and physiological data of mice fed with DJ526 and Dongjin rice and treated with resveratrol. We also provide a method to analyze blood serum at micron levels. These data sets may help other researchers find new clues regarding the etiology of the anti-aging process and signaling pathways induced by resveratrol, rice, or DJ526.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, South Korea
| | - Heui-Kwan Lee
- Deparment of Radiation oncology, Presbyterian Medical Center, Seonam University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54987, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., 948-9 Dunsan, Bongdong, Wanju, Chonbuk 55321, South Korea
| | - So-Hyeon Baek
- Department of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54907, South Korea
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Lee WY, Park MH, Kim KW, Song H, Kim KB, Lee CS, Kim NK, Park JK, Yang BC, Oh KB, Im GS, Chung HJ. Identification of lactoferrin and glutamate receptor-interacting protein 1 in bovine cervical mucus: A putative marker for oestrous detection. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52:16-23. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- WY Lee
- Department of Food Bioscience; College of Biomedical & Health Science; Konkuk University; Chung-ju Korea
| | - MH Park
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry; College of Biomedical & Health Science; Konkuk University; Chung-ju Korea
- Doosan Venture Digm 924; Dongan-gu Anyang Korea
| | - KW Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Division; National Institute of Animal Science; Wanju-gun Korea
| | - H Song
- Department of Animal Biotechnology; Konkuk University; Gwangjin-gu Seoul Korea
| | - KB Kim
- Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation; Gunpo Korea
| | - CS Lee
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry; College of Biomedical & Health Science; Konkuk University; Chung-ju Korea
| | - NK Kim
- Experiment Research Institute; National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service (NAQS); Gimcheon Gyeongbuk Korea
| | - JK Park
- Department of Swine & Poultry Science; Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries; Jeonju Korea
| | - BC Yang
- Institute of Hanwoo; National institute of animal Science; Pyeongchang Korea
| | - KB Oh
- Animal Biotechnology Division; National Institute of Animal Science; Wanju-gun Korea
| | - GS Im
- Animal Biotechnology Division; National Institute of Animal Science; Wanju-gun Korea
| | - HJ Chung
- Animal Biotechnology Division; National Institute of Animal Science; Wanju-gun Korea
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Wong HS, He SK, Chung HJ, Zhang MS, Cher K, Low M, Zhou TJ, Yang Y, Wong SK. Reduction of magnetic damping and isotropic coercivity and increase of saturation magnetization in Rh-incorporated CoIr system. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:455705. [PMID: 27713181 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/45/455705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Replacing Ir with Rh in a CoIr system possessing negative uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy (K u ) substantially reduces its magnetic damping and coercivity by more than half while retaining its high negative K u . Moreover, a higher saturation magnetization (M s ) and more isotropic coercivity are achieved. Such material development makes it particularly suitable for use as the soft underlayer (SUL) of magnetic recording media for reducing noise, and as the oscillation layer of a spin-torque oscillator (STO) for achieving higher oscillation frequency, larger AC magnetic field and lower driving current, which can be readily integrated with the current recording head for microwave-assisted magnetic recording. Finally, we recommend a composite free layer by coupling CoIr with a spin polarizer (Co or Co/Cu/Co) for the enhancement of the spin-polarization rate and, therefore, the improvement of STO efficiency. These could pave the way for CoIr-based materials to be implemented in devices requiring a negative Ku with low damping and high 'softness', such as oscillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Wong
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-01 Innovis, Singapore 138634
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Lee C, Pant B, Alam AM, An T, Chung HJ, Hong ST, Park SJ, Park M, Kim HY. Biocompatible and photoluminescent keratin/poly(vinyl alcohol)/carbon quantum dot nanofiber: A novel multipurpose electrospun mat. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chung HJ, Yu JG, Lee IA, Liu MJ, Shen YF, Sharma SP, Jamal MAHM, Yoo JH, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Intestinal removal of free fatty acids from hosts by Lactobacilli for the treatment of obesity. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:64-76. [PMID: 27047743 PMCID: PMC4794792 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings on the association of gut microbiota with various diseases, including obesity, prompted us to investigate the possibility of using a certain type of gut bacteria as a safe therapeutic for obesity. Lactobacillus mutants with enhanced capacity in absorption of free fatty acids (FFAs) were isolated to show reduced absorption of FFAs by the administered host, attributing to inhibition of body weight gain and body fat accumulation as well as amelioration of blood profiles. Consequently, high throughput screening of natural FFAs‐absorbing intestinal microbes led to the isolation of Lactobacillus reuteri JBD30 l. The administration of Lactobacillus JBD30l lowered the concentration of FFAs in the gut fluid content of small intestine, thus reducing intestinal absorption of FFAs whereas promoting fecal excretion of FFAs. Animal data also confirmed that the efficacy of Lactobacillus JBD30l on body weight similar to that of orlistat, an FDA‐approved pharmaceutical for long‐term use to treat obesity. In a subsequent random, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial (KCT0000452 at Clinical Research Information Service of Korea), there was a statistically significant difference in the percentage change in body weight between the Lactobacillus JBD301 and the placebo group (P = 0.026) as well as in the BMI (P = 0.036) from the 0‐week assessment to the 12‐week assessment. Our results show that FFA‐absorbing Lactobacillus JBD301 effectively reduces dietary fat absorption, providing an ideal treatment for obesity with inherent safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science Chonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Chonbuk Korea
| | - Jae G Yu
- JINIS BDRD institute JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co. Wanju Chonbuk Korea
| | - In-Ah Lee
- JINIS BDRD institute JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co. Wanju Chonbuk Korea
| | - Ming-Jie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science Chonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Chonbuk Korea
| | - Yan-Fei Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science Chonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Chonbuk Korea
| | - Satya P Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science Chonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Chonbuk Korea
| | - Mohammad A H M Jamal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science Chonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Chonbuk Korea
| | - Jun-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD institute JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co. Wanju Chonbuk Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science Chonbuk National University Medical School Jeonju Chonbuk Korea
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Chung HJ, Hassan MM, Park JO, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Manipulation of a quasi-natural cell block for high-efficiency transplantation of adherent somatic cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2015; 48:392-400. [PMID: 25742639 PMCID: PMC4445661 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have raised hope that transplantation of adherent somatic cells could
provide dramatic new therapies for various diseases. However, current methods for
transplanting adherent somatic cells are not efficient enough for therapeutic
applications. Here, we report the development of a novel method to generate
quasi-natural cell blocks for high-efficiency transplantation of adherent somatic
cells. The blocks were created by providing a unique environment in which cultured
cells generated their own extracellular matrix. Initially, stromal cells isolated
from mice were expanded in vitro in liquid cell culture medium
followed by transferring the cells into a hydrogel shell. After incubation for 1 day
with mechanical agitation, the encapsulated cell mass was perforated with a thin
needle and then incubated for an additional 6 days to form a quasi-natural cell
block. Allograft transplantation of the cell block into C57BL/6 mice resulted in
perfect adaptation of the allograft and complete integration into the tissue of the
recipient. This method could be widely applied for repairing damaged cells or
tissues, stem cell transplantation, ex vivo gene therapy, or plastic
surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - M M Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - J O Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - H J Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., Wanju, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | - S T Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, South Korea
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Park M, Shin HK, Panthi G, Rabbani MM, Alam AM, Choi J, Chung HJ, Hong ST, Kim HY. Novel preparation and characterization of human hair-based nanofibers using electrospinning process. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 76:45-8. [PMID: 25709023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human hair-based biocomposite nanofibers (NFs) have been fabricated by an electrospinning technique. Aqueous keratin extracted from human hair was successfully blended with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The focus here is on transforming into keratin/PVA nanofibrous membranes and insoluble property of electrospun NFs. The resulting hair-based NFs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Toward the potential use of these NFs after cross-linking with various weight fractions of glyoxal, its physicochemical properties, such as morphology, mechanical strength, crystallinity, and chemical structure were investigated. Keratin/PVA ratio of 2/1 NFs with 6 wt%-glyoxal showed good uniformity in fiber morphology and suitable mechanical properties, and excellent antibacterial activity providing a potential application of hair-based NFs in biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Park
- Department of Organic Materials & Fiber Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea.
| | - Hye Kyoung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 402-751, South Korea
| | - Gopal Panthi
- Department of Organic Materials & Fiber Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | | | - Al-Mahmnur Alam
- Department of BIN Fusion technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | - Jawun Choi
- Department of BIN Fusion technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | - Hak-Yong Kim
- Department of BIN Fusion technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea.
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Chung HJ, Kim KW, Han DW, Lee HC, Yang BC, Chung HK, Shim MR, Choi MS, Jo EB, Jo YM, Oh MY, Jo SJ, Hong SK, Park JK, Chang WK. Protein Profile in Corpus Luteum during Pregnancy in Korean Native Cows. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1540-5. [PMID: 25049514 PMCID: PMC4093032 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Steroidogenesis requires coordination of the anabolic and catabolic pathways of lipid metabolism, but the profile of proteins associated with progesterone synthesis in cyclic and pregnant corpus luteum (CL) is not well-known in cattle. In Experiment 1, plasma progesterone level was monitored in cyclic cows (n = 5) and pregnant cows (n = 6; until d-90). A significant decline in the plasma progesterone level occurred at d-19 of cyclic cows. Progesterone level in abbatoir-derived luteal tissues was also determined at d 1 to 5, 6 to 13 and 14 to 20 of cyclic cows, and d-60 and -90 of pregnant cows (n = 5 each). Progesterone level in d-60 CL was not different from those in d 6 to 13 CL and d-90 CL, although the difference between d 6 to 13 and d-90 was significant. In Experiment 2, protein expression pattern in CL at d-90 (n = 4) was compared with that in CL of cyclic cows at d 6 to 13 (n = 5). Significant changes in the level of protein expression were detected in 32 protein spots by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and 23 of them were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Six proteins were found only in pregnant CL, while the other 17 proteins were found only in cyclic CL. Among the above 6 proteins, vimentin which is involved in the regulation of post-implantation development was included. Thus, the protein expression pattern in CL was disorientated from cyclic luteal phase to mid pregnancy, and alterations in specific CL protein expression may contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy in Korean native cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chung
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - K W Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - D W Han
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - H C Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - B C Yang
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - H K Chung
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - M R Shim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - M S Choi
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - E B Jo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - Y M Jo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - M Y Oh
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - S J Jo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - S K Hong
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - J K Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
| | - W K Chang
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-706, Korea
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Baek SH, Chung HJ, Lee HK, D'Souza R, Jeon Y, Kim HJ, Kweon SJ, Hong ST. Treatment of obesity with the resveratrol-enriched rice DJ-526. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3879. [PMID: 24464364 PMCID: PMC3902431 DOI: 10.1038/srep03879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the most prevalent disease in the world which poses a serious risk for various chronic diseases. However, currently there are not any therapeutic agents that reduce body weight without causing serious side effects. In order to prevent and/or treat obesity and related diseases through a nutraceutical approach, we created a resveratrol-enriched transgenic rice accumulating 1.4 μg/g of resveratrol in its grain, DJ-526. Feeding of mice with the resveratrol-enriched rice DJ-526 showed excellent anti-obesity effect with reduction of body weights and abdominal fat volumes compared to the control by 20.0% and 31.3%, respectively. Also, the consumption of the resveratrol-enriched rice DJ526 significantly improved the blood lipid profiles and glucose levels in the animal experiments. Our resveratrol-enriched rice DJ-526 rice could provide both safe and convenient way for people with obesity and related diseases without major change of lifestyle or unwanted side effects from medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyeon Baek
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Iksan, Chonbuk, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Heui-Kwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Roshan D'Souza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Korea
| | - Youngju Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- JINIS BDRD institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., 948-9 Dunsan, Bongdong, Wanju 565-902, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
| | - Soon-Jong Kweon
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Korea
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Seo JY, Chung HJ, Kim TJ. Codon-optimized expression of fish iridovirus capsid protein in yeast and its application as an oral vaccine candidate. J Fish Dis 2013; 36:763-768. [PMID: 23488597 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fish iridovirus causes systemic disease with high morbidity and mortality in various species of wild and farm-raised fish, resulting in severe economic losses. Recently, frequent outbreaks of iridovirus infection have occurred among cultured fish in many Asian countries, emphasizing the need for a protective vaccine programme or the development of a suitable therapy. In this study, we expressed a recombinant major capsid protein (rMCP) of rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) from yeast using codon optimization. The rMCP in yeast was added to feed in an attempt to induce intestinal mucosal immunity for protection against and/or to reduce the severity of fish iridovirus infection. We found that fish immunized orally with rMCP underwent a successful induction of antibodies (P < 0.05) and were protected (P = 0.0001) against viral challenge. Based upon these results, oral administration of immunogenic protein as an antigen can be considered a useful method for implementation of vaccine programmes against iridovirus as well as other marine viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Lee KH, Lee WY, Kim JH, Yoon MJ, Kim NH, Kim JH, Uhm SJ, Kim DH, Chung HJ, Song H. Characterization of GFRα-1-Positive and GFRα-1-Negative Spermatogonia in Neonatal Pig Testis. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 48:954-60. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KH Lee
- Department of Animal and Food Bioscience; College of Biomedical and Health Science; Konkuk University; Chung-ju Korea Korea
| | - WY Lee
- Department of Animal and Food Bioscience; College of Biomedical and Health Science; Konkuk University; Chung-ju Korea Korea
| | - JH Kim
- Major in Animal Biotechnology; College of Animal Biotechnology; Konkuk University; Seoul Korea
| | - MJ Yoon
- Division of Animal Science and Biotechnology; Kyungpook National University; Sang-ju Korea
| | - NH Kim
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture; Chungbuk National University; Choung-ju Korea
| | - JH Kim
- CHA Stem Cell Institute; Graduate School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Pochon CHA University; Seoul Korea
| | - SJ Uhm
- Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology; Sangji Youngseo College; Wonju Korea
| | - DH Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Division; National Institute of Animal Science; RDA; Suwon Korea
| | - HJ Chung
- Animal Biotechnology Division; National Institute of Animal Science; RDA; Suwon Korea
| | - H Song
- Department of Animal and Food Bioscience; College of Biomedical and Health Science; Konkuk University; Chung-ju Korea Korea
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Lee JY, Shin TJ, Choi JM, Seo KS, Kim HJ, Yoon TG, Lee YS, Han H, Chung HJ, Oh Y, Jung SJ, Shin KJ. Antinociceptive curcuminoid, KMS4034, effects on inflammatory and neuropathic pain likely via modulating TRPV1 in mice. Br J Anaesth 2013; 111:667-72. [PMID: 23719767 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric (Curcuma longa), has a wide range of beneficial effects including anti-inflammation and analgesia. However, poor bioavailability of curcumin hinders its clinical application. To overcome this limitation, we modified the structure of curcumin and synthesized new derivatives with favourable pharmacokinetic profiles. Recently, curcumin has been shown to have an antagonizing effect on transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) ion channels. We investigated the antinociceptive activity of KMS4034 which had the most favourable pharmacokinetics among the tested curcumin derivatives. METHODS To evaluate the mechanism of the antinociceptive effects of KMS4034, capsaicin (I(CAP))- and heat (I(heat))-induced currents in TRPV1 expressing HEK293 cells were observed after the application of KMS4034. Nociceptive behavioural measurement using the hot-plate test, formalin test, and chronic constriction injury (CCI) model were evaluated in mice. Also, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was stained immunohistochemically in the L4/5 dorsal horns in mice with neuropathic pain. RESULTS I(CAP) (P<0.01) and I(heat) (P<0.05) of TRPV1 were significantly blocked by 10 μM KMS4034. Behaviourally, noticeable antinociceptive effects after 10 mg kg(-1) of KMS4034 treatment were observed in the first (P<0.05) and second phases (P<0.05) of the formalin and hot-plate tests. The mechanical threshold of CCI mice treated with 10 mg kg(-1) KMS4034 was significantly increased compared with control. Immunohistochemical CGRP expression was decreased in the lamina I-II of the lumbar dorsal horns in KMS4034-treated CCI mice compared with the control (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS KMS4034 may be an effective analgesic for various pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Moon JS, Cheong NR, Yang SY, Kim IS, Chung HJ, Jeong YW, Park JC, Kim MS, Kim SH, Ko HM. Lipopolysaccharide-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression in the periodontal ligament. J Periodontal Res 2013; 48:733-9. [PMID: 23488665 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a tryptophan-oxidizing enzyme with immune-inhibitory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of IDO by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of gram-negative bacteria, in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human PDL cells and gingival fibroblasts (GFs) were prepared from explants of human PDLs and from gingival tissues of clinically healthy donors, respectively. Real-time RT-PCR, western blotting and the IDO enzyme assay were performed to determine the expression of IDO following LPS treatment of cells. LPS was injected into mice tail veins to evaluate the effects of LPS in vivo in the maxillary first molar. Immunofluorescence staining and histological analysis were followed to localize IDO in mouse PDL. RESULTS The level of expression of IDO mRNA in primary human PDL cells after LPS treatment was increased in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a peak 8 h after LPS treatment. The expression and activities of IDO protein were significantly increased in comparison with those of the control. In addition, the increased production of kynurenine in culture medium was observed 72 h after LPS treatment. In the immunofluorescence findings, stronger immunoreactivities were shown in PDL than in gingival tissues in the maxillae. In accordance with the immunofluorescence findings, LPS treatment induced a strong up-regulation of IDO mRNA in human PDL cells, whereas human GFs showed only a weak response to LPS. CONCLUSION These results clearly show that IDO was induced by LPS in primary human PDL cells, suggesting that PDL might be involved in the regulation of oral inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Moon
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, 2nd stage Brain Korea, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kim CJ, Park SS, Lee HS, Chung HJ, Choi W, Chung JH, Kim JM, Hong ST. Identification of an autosomal dominant locus for intracranial aneurysm through a model-based family collection in a geographically limited area. J Hum Genet 2011; 56:464-6. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2011.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lim JG, Kim JA, Chung HJ, Kim TG, Kim JM, Lee KR, Park SM, Yang MS, Kim DH. Expression of functional pentameric heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit of Escherichia coli in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 19:502-10. [PMID: 19494699 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.0803.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Although the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) has already been expressed in several different systems, including prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, studies regarding the synthesis of LTB into oligomeric structures of pentameric size in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been limited. Therefore, this study used a functional signal peptide of the amylase 1A protein from rice to direct the yeast-expressed LTB towards the endoplasmic reticulum to oligomerize with the expected pentameric size. The expression and assembly of the recombinant LTB were confirmed in both the cell-free extract and culture media of the recombinant strain using a Western blot analysis. The binding of the LTB pentamers to intestinal epithelial cell membrane glycolipid receptors was further verified using a GM1-ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (GM1-ELISA). On the basis of the GM1-ELISA results, pentameric LTB proteins comprised approximately 0.5-2.0% of the total soluble proteins, and the maximum quantity of secreted LTB was estimated to be 3 mg/l after a 3-day cultivation period. Consequently, the synthesis of LTB monomers and their assembly into biologically active oligomers in a recombinant S. cerevisiae strain demonstrated the feasibility of using a GRAS microorganism-based adjuvant, as well as the development of carriers against mucosal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Gu Lim
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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Chung HJ, Park CJ, Lim JH, Jang S, Chi HS, Im HJ, Seo JJ. Establishment of a reference interval for natural killer cell activity through flow cytometry and its clinical application in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Int J Lab Hematol 2009; 32:239-47. [PMID: 19614711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2009.01177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the Histiocyte Society revised the diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) to include low or absent natural killer (NK) cell activity, according to local laboratory reference. The aim of this study was to establish reference interval for functional NK-cell activity in 63 healthy Korean individuals using a flow-cytometric assay. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as effector cells and Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled K562 cells as target cells. NK-cell activity was calculated using the following equation: NK-cell activity (%) = (test lysis - spontaneous lysis) x 100/(maximum lysis - spontaneous lysis). NK-cell activity was analyzed in 13 known HLH patients and 16 suspected non-HLH patients using a flow-cytometric assay. The mean (+/-SD) cytotoxicity of PBMCs from healthy individuals was 20.9 +/- 5.3% and the reference interval was 11.8-31.9%. The mean NK-cell activity of HLH patients (8.3 +/- 8.9%) was significantly lower (P = 0.001) than that of non-HLH patients (20.1 +/- 7.8%). The sequential changes in NK-cell activity in the HLH group corresponded to clinical and laboratory findings following treatment. We successfully developed a functional NK-cell activity test for use in the clinical laboratory and obtained a reference interval of NK-cell activity from healthy donors. This assay, and associated reference interval, was used to analyze 30 clinically relevant specimens and the results were shown to be well correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Chung HJ, Kwon BR, Kim JM, Park SM, Park JK, Cha BJ, Yang MS, Kim DH. A tannic acid-inducible and hypoviral-regulated Laccase3 contributes to the virulence of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2008; 21:1582-1590. [PMID: 18986254 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-21-12-1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new laccase gene (lac3) from the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica was induced by the presence of tannic acid, which is abundant in the bark of chestnut trees and is assumed to be one of the major barriers against pathogen infection. However, other commonly known laccase inducers, including ferulic acid, 2,5-xylidine, catechol, and pH, did not induce lac3 transcription. Moreover, the hypovirus modulated the induction of lac3 transcription, abolishing the transcriptional induction of the lac3 gene by tannic acid. A functional analysis of lac3 using a lac3-null mutant indicated that fungal growth and other morphological characteristics, including pigmentation and sporulation, were not affected. However, a virulence assay indicated that the loss of function of a tannic acid-inducible and hypoviral-regulated laccase resulted in reduced virulence without detectable changes in the morphological features. The constitutive expression of lac3 resulted in no significant differences in the necrotic lesions from those caused by the wild type, but its expression in the presence of the hypovirus led to larger lesions than those caused by the hypovirulent strain. These results suggest that the lac3 gene product may not be the only determinant of fungal virulence in chestnut trees but is an important factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Jong Chung
- Division of Natural Sciences and Technology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 570-749, Korea
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Kim MJ, Kwon BR, Park SM, Chung HJ, Yang MS, Churchill ACL, Van Alfen NK, Kim DH. Promoter analysis of the cell surface-abundant and hypoviral-regulated cryparin gene from Cryphonectria parasitica. Mol Cells 2008; 26:496-502. [PMID: 18776734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryparin, encoded as a single copy gene (Crp) of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, is the most abundant protein produced by this fungus. However, its accumulation is decreased remarkably in C. parastica strains containing the double-stranded (ds) RNA virus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1. To characterize the transcriptional regulatory element(s) for strong expression and viral regulation, promoter analysis was conducted. Serial deletion of the Crp promoter region resulted in a step-wise decrease in promoter activity, indicating a localized distribution of genetic elements in the cryparin promoter. Promoter analysis indicated two positive and a repressive cis-acting elements. Among them, the promoter region between nt -1,282 and -907 appeared to be necessary for hypoviral-mediated down-regulation. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) on the corresponding promoter region (-1,282/-907) indicated two regions at (-1257/-1158) and (-1107/-1008) with the characteristic AGGAGGA-N42-GAGAGGA and its inverted repeat TCCTCTC-N54-TCCTCCT, respectively, appeared to be specific binding sites for cellular factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung-Ju Kim
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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Jung JY, Goo B, Choi YJ, Chung HJ, Chung KY. A case of granuloma pyogenicum presenting as an intravascular mass: evaluation by ultrasonography. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22:515-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02377.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jung JY, Roh MR, Chung HJ, Chung KY. Desmoplastic malignant melanoma evaluated with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography and sentinel lymph node biopsy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22:126-7. [PMID: 18181996 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Yu SL, Chung HJ, Sang BC, Park CS, Lee JH, Yoon DH, Lee SH, Choi KD. Identification of differentially expressed genes in distinct skeletal muscles in cattle using cDNA microarray. Anim Biotechnol 2008; 18:275-85. [PMID: 17934901 DOI: 10.1080/10495390701413391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The 788-gene microarray was manufactured using selected elements from three different cDNA libraries in order to identify molecular processes that determine phenotypic characteristics between loin (M. longissimus thoracis) and round (M. semimembranosus) muscles. Microarray analyses identified 24 differentially expressed genes between the two muscles investigated. Five of the genes were verified by quantitative RT-PCR and three of them were mapped on bovine chromosomes using 5,000 rad bovine radiation hybrid (RH) panel. The map locations indicated that they were mapped in the same chromosomal regions where IMF and growth QTLs were located, suggesting that they are most possible positional candidate genes for the traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Yu
- Division of Animal Science and Resources, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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