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Bokore FE, Cuthbert RD, Knox RE, Campbell HL, Meyer B, N'Diaye A, Pozniak CJ, DePauw R. Main effect and epistatic QTL affecting spike shattering and association with plant height revealed in two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations. Theor Appl Genet 2022; 135:1143-1162. [PMID: 35306567 PMCID: PMC9033718 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03980-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A major QTL on chromosome arm 4BS was associated with reduced spike shattering and reduced plant height in coupling phase, and a second major QTL associated with reduced spike shattering was detected on chromosome arm 5AL in the same wheat variety Carberry. Spike shattering can cause severe grain yield loss in wheat. Development of cultivars with reduced shattering but having easy mechanical threshability is the target of wheat breeding programs. This study was conducted to determine quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with shattering resistance, and epistasis among QTL in the populations Carberry/AC Cadillac and Carberry/Thatcher. Response of the populations to spike shattering was evaluated near Swift Current, SK, in four to five environments. Plant height data recorded in different locations and years were used to determine the relationship of the trait with spike shattering. Each population was genotyped and mapped with the wheat 90 K Illumina iSelect SNP array. Main effect QTL were analyzed by MapQTL 6, and epistatic interactions between main effect QTL were determined by QTLNetwork 2.0. Correlations between height and shattering ranged from 0.15 to 0.49. Carberry contributed two major QTL associated with spike shattering on chromosome arms 4BS and 5AL, detected in both populations. Carberry also contributed two minor QTL on 7AS and 7AL. AC Cadillac contributed five minor QTL on 1AL, 2DL, 3AL, 3DL and 7DS. Nine epistatic QTL interactions were identified, out of which the most consistent and synergistic interaction, that reduced the expression of shattering, occurred between 4BS and 5AL QTL. The 4BS QTL was consistently associated with reduced shattering and reduced plant height in the coupling phase. The present findings shed light on the inheritance of shattering resistance and provide genetic markers for manipulating the trait to develop wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdissa E Bokore
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada.
| | - Richard D Cuthbert
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada.
| | - Ron E Knox
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Heather L Campbell
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Brad Meyer
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Amidou N'Diaye
- Department of Plant Sciences and Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Curtis J Pozniak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Ron DePauw
- Advancing Wheat Technologies, 118 Strathcona Rd SW, Calgary, AB, T3H 1P3, Canada
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Thambugala D, Menzies JG, Knox RE, Campbell HL, McCartney CA. Genetic analysis of loose smut (Ustilago tritici) resistance in Sonop spring wheat. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:314. [PMID: 32620083 PMCID: PMC7333308 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetics of resistance to loose smut of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by the fungus Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr. is not well understood. This study examines loose smut resistance in Sonop (TD-14), a South African spring wheat variety. A doubled haploid (DH) population of 163 lines derived from the cross Diamont/TD-14 was studied. The parents and progenies were inoculated with U. tritici races T2, T9, and T39 individually in growth facilities at Morden and Swift Current, Canada. Loose smut incidence (LSI) and partial loose smut resistance (PLSR) were assessed. RESULTS A whole genome linkage map was developed consisting of 11,519 SNP loci found on 31 linkage groups spanning 2845 cM. A new major resistance gene Ut11 was located to the distal end of chromosome arm 7BS. Ut11 conferred resistance to U. tritici race T2, but not races T9 and T39. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified four QTL controlling LSI in the Diamont/TD-14 DH population on chromosomes 3B, 4B, 5B, and 7B (at Ut11) with TD-14 contributing the resistance alleles at three of these loci. The major QTL QUt.mrc-5B was effective against all three races and explained up to 81% of the phenotypic variation. The only QTL identified for PLSR coincided with the LSI QTL QUt.mrc-5B indicating that this locus affected both loose smut incidence and partial smutting of spikes. CONCLUSIONS A race-specific resistance gene Ut11 and a broadly effective resistance QTL QUt.mrc-5B were the main loci controlling loose smut resistance in the differential line TD-14 (cultivar Sonop). This study provides insight into the genetics of loose smut resistance in spring wheat Sonop and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers linked to the resistance gene Ut11 and QTL QUt.mrc-5B will be useful for selecting loose smut resistance in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinushika Thambugala
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB Canada
| | - Jim G. Menzies
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB Canada
| | - Ron E. Knox
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, SK Canada
| | - Heather L. Campbell
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, SK Canada
| | - Curt A. McCartney
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB Canada
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Sari E, Knox RE, Ruan Y, Henriquez MA, Kumar S, Burt AJ, Cuthbert RD, Konkin DJ, Walkowiak S, Campbell HL, Singh AK, Ross J, Lokuruge P, Hsueh E, Boyle K, Sidebottom C, Condie J, Yates S, Pozniak CJ, Fobert PR. Historic recombination in a durum wheat breeding panel enables high-resolution mapping of Fusarium head blight resistance quantitative trait loci. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7567. [PMID: 32372012 PMCID: PMC7200731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The durum wheat line DT696 is a source of moderate Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance. Previous analysis using a bi-parental population identified two FHB resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) on chromosome 5A: 5A1 was co-located with a plant height QTL, and 5A2 with a major maturity QTL. A Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) of DT696 derivative lines from 72 crosses based on multi-environment FHB resistance, plant height, and maturity phenotypic data was conducted to improve the mapping resolution and further elucidate the genetic relationship of height and maturity with FHB resistance. The Global Tetraploid Wheat Collection (GTWC) was exploited to identify durum wheat lines with DT696 allele and additional recombination events. The 5A2 QTL was confirmed in the derivatives, suggesting the expression stability of the 5A2 QTL in various genetic backgrounds. The GWAS led to an improved mapping resolution rendering the 5A2 interval 10 Mbp shorter than the bi-parental QTL mapping interval. Haplotype analysis using SNPs within the 5A2 QTL applied to the GTWC identified novel haplotypes and recombination breakpoints, which could be exploited for further improvement of the mapping resolution. This study suggested that GWAS of derivative breeding lines is a credible strategy for improving mapping resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Sari
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ron E Knox
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada.
| | - Yuefeng Ruan
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada.
| | - Maria Antonia Henriquez
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew J Burt
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Richard D Cuthbert
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - David J Konkin
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Sean Walkowiak
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Heather L Campbell
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Asheesh K Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Jay Ross
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Prabhath Lokuruge
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Emma Hsueh
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kerry Boyle
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Christine Sidebottom
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Janet Condie
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Shawn Yates
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Curtis J Pozniak
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Pierre R Fobert
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Bokore FE, Knox RE, Cuthbert RD, Pozniak CJ, McCallum BD, N’Diaye A, DePauw RM, Campbell HL, Munro C, Singh A, Hiebert CW, McCartney CA, Sharpe AG, Singh AK, Spaner D, Fowler DB, Ruan Y, Berraies S, Meyer B. Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with leaf rust resistance in five spring wheat populations using single nucleotide polymorphism markers. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230855. [PMID: 32267842 PMCID: PMC7141615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L) varieties is an important strategy for the control of leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. This study sought to identify the chromosomal location and effects of leaf rust resistance loci in five Canadian spring wheat cultivars. The parents and doubled haploid lines of crosses Carberry/AC Cadillac, Carberry/Vesper, Vesper/Lillian, Vesper/Stettler and Stettler/Red Fife were assessed for leaf rust severity and infection response in field nurseries in Canada near Swift Current, SK from 2013 to 2015, Morden, MB from 2015 to 2017 and Brandon, MB in 2016, and in New Zealand near Lincoln in 2014. The populations were genotyped with the 90K Infinium iSelect assay and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed. A high density consensus map generated based on 14 doubled haploid populations and integrating SNP and SSR markers was used to compare QTL identified in different populations. AC Cadillac contributed QTL on chromosomes 2A, 3B and 7B (2 loci), Carberry on 1A, 2B (2 loci), 2D, 4B (2 loci), 5A, 6A, 7A and 7D, Lillian on 4A and 7D, Stettler on 2D and 6B, Vesper on 1B, 1D, 2A, 6B and 7B (2 loci), and Red Fife on 7A and 7B. Lillian contributed to a novel locus QLr.spa-4A, and similarly Carberry at QLr.spa-5A. The discovery of novel leaf rust resistance QTL QLr.spa-4A and QLr.spa-5A, and several others in contemporary Canada Western Red Spring wheat varieties is a tremendous addition to our present knowledge of resistance gene deployment in breeding. Carberry demonstrated substantial stacking of genes which could be supplemented with the genes identified in other cultivars with the expectation of increasing efficacy of resistance to leaf rust and longevity with little risk of linkage drag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdissa E Bokore
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Ron E. Knox
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada
- * E-mail: (REK); (RDC); (CJP)
| | - Richard D. Cuthbert
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada
- * E-mail: (REK); (RDC); (CJP)
| | - Curtis J. Pozniak
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- * E-mail: (REK); (RDC); (CJP)
| | - Brent D. McCallum
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Canada
| | - Amidou N’Diaye
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Heather L. Campbell
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Catherine Munro
- Plant and Food Research, Canterbury Agriculture and Science Centre, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Colin W. Hiebert
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Canada
| | - Curt A. McCartney
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Canada
| | - Andrew G. Sharpe
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Asheesh K. Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Dean Spaner
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4–10N Agriculture-Forestry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - D. B. Fowler
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Yuefeng Ruan
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Samia Berraies
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Brad Meyer
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada
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Ruan Y, Zhang W, Knox RE, Berraies S, Campbell HL, Ragupathy R, Boyle K, Polley B, Henriquez MA, Burt A, Kumar S, Cuthbert RD, Fobert PR, Buerstmayr H, DePauw RM. Characterization of the Genetic Architecture for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Durum Wheat: The Complex Association of Resistance, Flowering Time, and Height Genes. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:592064. [PMID: 33424887 PMCID: PMC7786293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.592064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is an economically important crop for Canadian farmers. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive diseases that threatens durum production in Canada. FHB reduces yield and end-use quality and most commonly contaminates the grain with the fungal mycotoxin deoxynivalenol, also known as DON. Serious outbreaks of FHB can occur in durum wheat in Canada, and combining genetic resistance with fungicide application is a cost effective approach to control this disease. However, there is limited variation for genetic resistance to FHB in elite Canadian durum cultivars. To explore and identify useful genetic FHB resistance variation for the improvement of Canadian durum wheat, we assembled an association mapping (AM) panel of diverse durum germplasms and performed genome wide association analysis (GWAS). Thirty-one quantitative trait loci (QTL) across all 14 chromosomes were significantly associated with FHB resistance. On 3BS, a stable QTL with a larger effect for resistance was located close to the centromere of 3BS. Three haplotypes of Fhb1 QTL were identified, with an emmer wheat haplotype contributing to disease susceptibility. The large number of QTL identified here can provide a rich resource to improve FHB resistance in commercially grown durum wheat. Among the 31 QTL most were associated with plant height and/or flower time. QTL 1A.1, 1A.2, 3B.2, 5A.1, 6A.1, 7A.3 were associated with FHB resistance and not associated or only weakly associated with flowering time nor plant height. These QTL have features that would make them good targets for FHB resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Ruan
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Wentao Zhang,
| | - Ron E. Knox
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Samia Berraies
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Heather L. Campbell
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Raja Ragupathy
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Kerry Boyle
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Brittany Polley
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Maria Antonia Henriquez
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew Burt
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, MB, Canada
| | - Richard D. Cuthbert
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Pierre R. Fobert
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ron M. DePauw
- Advancing Wheat Technology, Swift Current, SK, Canada
- Retired from Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada
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Bokore FE, Cuthbert RD, Knox RE, Singh A, Campbell HL, Pozniak CJ, N'Diaye A, Sharpe AG, Ruan Y. Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with common bunt resistance in a spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Lillian. Theor Appl Genet 2019; 132:3023-3033. [PMID: 31410494 PMCID: PMC6791905 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Based on their consistency over environments, two QTL identified in Lillian on chromosomes 5A and 7A could be useful targets for marker assisted breeding of common bunt resistance. Common bunt of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by Tilletia tritici and T. laevis is an economically important disease because of losses in grain yield and reduced grain quality. Resistance can be quantitative, under the control of multiple small effect genes. The Canada Western Red Spring wheat variety Lillian is moderately resistant to common bunt races found on the Canadian prairies. This study was conducted to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring resistance against common bunt in Lillian. A doubled haploid population comprising 280 lines was developed from F1 plants of the cross of Lillian by Vesper. The lines were inoculated at seeding with the two races L16 (T. laevis) and T19 (T. tritici), grown in field near Swift Current, SK, in 2014, 2015 and 2016 and assessed for disease incidence. The lines were genotyped with the 90 K iSelect SNP genotyping assay, and a high-density genetic map was constructed. Quantitative trait locus analysis was performed with MapQTL.6® software. Two relatively stable common bunt resistance QTL, detected in two of the 3 years, were identified on chromosomes 5A and 7A from Lillian. In addition, three less stable QTL, appearing in one out of 3 years, were identified: one was contributed by Lillian on chromosome 3D and two were contributed by Vesper on chromosomes 1D and 2A. Epistatic interaction was identified for the bunt incidence between 3D and 7A resulting in greater bunt resistance. Future bunt resistance breeding will benefit from combining these QTL through gene pyramiding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdissa E Bokore
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Richard D Cuthbert
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada.
| | - Ron E Knox
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada.
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Heather L Campbell
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Curtis J Pozniak
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Amidou N'Diaye
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Andrew G Sharpe
- National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Yuefeng Ruan
- Swift Current Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
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Sari E, Berraies S, Knox RE, Singh AK, Ruan Y, Cuthbert RD, Pozniak CJ, Henriquez MA, Kumar S, Burt AJ, N’Diaye A, Konkin DJ, Cabral AL, Campbell HL, Wiebe K, Condie J, Lokuruge P, Meyer B, Fedak G, Clarke FR, Clarke JM, Somers DJ, Fobert PR. High density genetic mapping of Fusarium head blight resistance QTL in tetraploid wheat. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204362. [PMID: 30307951 PMCID: PMC6181299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breeding for Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance in durum wheat is complicated by the quantitative trait expression and narrow genetic diversity of available resources. High-density mapping of the FHB resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL), evaluation of their co-localization with plant height and maturity QTL and the interaction among the identified QTL are the objectives of this study. Two doubled haploid (DH) populations, one developed from crosses between Triticum turgidum ssp. durum lines DT707 and DT696 and the other between T. turgidum ssp. durum cv. Strongfield and T. turgidum ssp. carthlicum cv. Blackbird were genotyped using the 90K Infinium iSelect chip and evaluated phenotypically at multiple field FHB nurseries over years. A moderate broad-sense heritability indicated a genotype-by-environment interaction for the expression of FHB resistance in both populations. Resistance QTL were identified for the DT707 × DT696 population on chromosomes 1B, 2B, 5A (two loci) and 7A and for the Strongfield × Blackbird population on chromosomes 1A, 2A, 2B, 3A, 6A, 6B and 7B with the QTL on chromosome 1A and those on chromosome 5A being more consistently expressed over environments. FHB resistance co-located with plant height and maturity QTL on chromosome 5A and with a maturity QTL on chromosome 7A for the DT707 × DT696 population. Resistance also co-located with plant height QTL on chromosomes 2A and 3A and with maturity QTL on chromosomes 1A and 7B for the Strongfield × Blackbird population. Additive × additive interactions were identified, for example between the two FHB resistance QTL on chromosome 5A for the DT707 × DT696 population and the FHB resistance QTL on chromosomes 1A and 7B for the Strongfield × Blackbird population. Application of the Single Nucleotide Polymorphic (SNP) markers associated with FHB resistance QTL identified in this study will accelerate combining genes from the two populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Sari
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Samia Berraies
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Ron E. Knox
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Asheesh K. Singh
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Yuefeng Ruan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Richard D. Cuthbert
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Curtis J. Pozniak
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Maria Antonia Henriquez
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Burt
- Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, MB, Canada
| | - Amidou N’Diaye
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - David J. Konkin
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Adrian L. Cabral
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Heather L. Campbell
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Krystalee Wiebe
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Janet Condie
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Prabhath Lokuruge
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Brad Meyer
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - George Fedak
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Fran R. Clarke
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - John M. Clarke
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Canada
| | - Daryl J. Somers
- Vineland Research and Innovation Centre, Vineland, ON, Canada
| | - Pierre R. Fobert
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Centre, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
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Kumar S, Knox RE, Singh AK, DePauw RM, Campbell HL, Isidro-Sanchez J, Clarke FR, Pozniak CJ, N’Daye A, Meyer B, Sharpe A, Ruan Y, Cuthbert RD, Somers D, Fedak G. High-density genetic mapping of a major QTL for resistance to multiple races of loose smut in a tetraploid wheat cross. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192261. [PMID: 29485999 PMCID: PMC5828438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Loose smut, caused by Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr., is a systemic disease of tetraploid durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.). Loose smut can be economically controlled by growing resistant varieties, making it important to find and deploy new sources of resistance. Blackbird, a variety of T. turgidum L. subsp. carthlicum (Nevski) A. Love & D. Love, carries a high level of resistance to loose smut. Blackbird was crossed with the loose smut susceptible durum cultivar Strongfield to produce a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population. The parents and progenies were inoculated with U. tritici races T26, T32 and T33 individually and as a mixture at Swift Current, Canada in 2011 and 2012 and loose smut incidence (LSI) was assessed. Genotyping of the DH population and parents using an Infinium iSelect 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array identified 12,952 polymorphic SNPs. The SNPs and 426 SSRs (previously genotyped in the same population) were mapped to 16 linkage groups spanning 3008.4 cM at an average inter-marker space of 0.2 cM in a high-density genetic map. Composite interval mapping analysis revealed three significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) for loose smut resistance on chromosomes 3A, 6B and 7A. The loose smut resistance QTL on 6B (QUt.spa-6B.2) and 7A (QUt.spa-7A.2) were derived from Blackbird. Strongfield contributed the minor QTL on 3A (QUt.spa-3A.2). The resistance on 6B was a stable major QTL effective against all individual races and the mixture of the three races; it explained up to 74% of the phenotypic variation. This study is the first attempt in durum wheat to identify and map loose smut resistance QTL using a high-density genetic map. The QTL QUt.spa-6B.2 would be an effective source for breeding resistance to multiple races of the loose smut pathogen because it provides near-complete broad resistance to the predominant virulence on the Canadian prairies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail: (RK); (SK)
| | - Ron E. Knox
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
- * E-mail: (RK); (SK)
| | - Asheesh K. Singh
- 1501 Agronomy Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ron M. DePauw
- Advancing Wheat Technology, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Heather L. Campbell
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Julio Isidro-Sanchez
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fran R. Clarke
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Curtis J. Pozniak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Amidou N’Daye
- Department of Plant Sciences and Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Brad Meyer
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Andrew Sharpe
- Global Institute of Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Yuefeng Ruan
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Richard D. Cuthbert
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Daryl Somers
- Vineland Research and Innovation Centre, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Fedak
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Bokore FE, Knox RE, DePauw RM, Clarke F, Cuthbert RD, Campbell HL, Brûlé-Babel AL, Gilbert J, Ruan Y. Validation of Molecular Markers for Use With Adapted Sources of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat. Plant Dis 2017; 101:1292-1299. [PMID: 30682944 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-16-1421-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Genetic control of resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) is quantitative, making phenotypic selection difficult. Genetic markers to resistance are helpful to select favorable genotypes. This study was conducted to determine if Fhb1 and Fhb5 present in the Sumai 3 source of FHB resistance occur in Sumai 3-derived North American spring wheat cultivars and to understand the appropriateness of using markers to select for the favorable alleles at these loci in breeding. Sumai 3-derived parents Alsen, ND3085, ND744, Carberry, and Glenn were used in crosses to generate 14 doubled haploid breeding populations. The parents and progeny were genotyped with five Fhb1 and three Fhb5 microsatellite markers. Progeny were selected based on performance relative to parents and other control cultivars in FHB nurseries near Portage la Prairie and Carman, MB. χ2 and t test analyses were performed on marker and FHB data. The χ2 test frequently determined the proportion of lines carrying molecular variants associated with FHB resistance increased following nursery selection for FHB. Similarly, the t test regularly demonstrated that selection for FHB resistance lowered the mean level of disease associated with resistant marker haplotypes. The study affirmed FHB resistance sources Alsen, Carberry, ND3085, and ND744 have Fhb1 and Fhb5 loci like Sumai 3, but no evidence was found that Glenn carries Fhb1 and Fhb5 resistance alleles. The results justified use of Fhb1 and Fhb5 markers for marker assisted selection in populations derived from Alsen, Carberry, ND3085, and ND744, but not Glenn. Combined or individual application of Xgwm493 and Xgwm533 in selection of genotypes carrying Fhb1, and Xgwm150, Xgwm304, and Xgwm595 for Fhb5 will enhance FHB resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Bokore
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - R E Knox
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - R M DePauw
- Advancing Wheat Technologies, Swift Current, SK, S9H 4N5, Canada
| | | | - R D Cuthbert
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - H L Campbell
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - A L Brûlé-Babel
- Dept. of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - J Gilbert
- 44King's Drive, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 3E5, Canada
| | - Y Ruan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada
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Singh A, Knox RE, DePauw RM, Singh AK, Cuthbert RD, Kumar S, Campbell HL. Genetic mapping of common bunt resistance and plant height QTL in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 2016; 129:243-56. [PMID: 26520114 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Breeding for field resistance to common bunt in wheat will need to account for multiple genes and epistatic and QTL by environment interactions. Loci associated with quantitative resistance to common bunt are co-localized with other beneficial traits including plant height and rust resistance. ABSTRACT Common bunt, also known as stinking smut, is caused by seed borne fungi Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint. [syn. Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.] and Tilletia laevis Kühn [syn. Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro.]. Common bunt is known to cause grain yield and quality losses in wheat due to bunt ball formation and infestation of the grain. The objectives of this research were to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for common bunt resistance, to study the epistatic interactions between the identified QTL, and investigate the co-localization of bunt resistance with plant height. A population of 261 doubled haploid lines from the cross Carberry/AC Cadillac and checks were genotyped with polymorphic genome wide microsatellite and DArT(®) markers. The lines were grown in 2011, 2012, and 2013 in separate nurseries for common bunt incidence and height evaluation. AC Cadillac contributed a QTL (QCbt.spa-6D) for common bunt resistance on chromosome 6D at markers XwPt-1695, XwPt-672044, and XwPt-5114. Carberry contributed QTL for bunt resistance on chromosomes 1B (QCbt.spa-1B at XwPt743523) 4B (QCbt.spa-4B at XwPt-744434-Xwmc617), 4D (QCbt.spa-4D at XwPt-9747), 5B (QCbt.spa-5B at XtPt-3719) and 7D (QCbt.spa-7D at Xwmc273). Significant epistatic interactions were identified for percent bunt incidence between QCbt.spa-1B × QCbt.spa-4B and QCbt.spa-1B × QCbt.spa-6D, and QTL by environment interaction between QCbt.spa-1B × QCbt.spa-6D. Plant height QTL were found on chromosomes 4B (QPh.spa-4B) and 6D (QPh.spa-6D) that co-located with bunt resistance QTL. The identification of previously unreported common bunt resistance QTL (on chromosomes 4B, 4D and 7D), and new understanding of QTL × QTL interactions will facilitate marker-assisted breeding for common bunt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Singh
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada.
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Ron E Knox
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada.
| | - R M DePauw
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - A K Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - R D Cuthbert
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - S Kumar
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - H L Campbell
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
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Singh A, Knox RE, DePauw RM, Singh AK, Cuthbert RD, Campbell HL, Shorter S, Bhavani S. Stripe rust and leaf rust resistance QTL mapping, epistatic interactions, and co-localization with stem rust resistance loci in spring wheat evaluated over three continents. Theor Appl Genet 2014; 127:2465-77. [PMID: 25239218 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-014-2390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In wheat, advantageous gene-rich or pleiotropic regions for stripe, leaf, and stem rust and epistatic interactions between rust resistance loci should be accounted for in plant breeding strategies. Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Eriks) contribute to major production losses in many regions worldwide. The objectives of this research were to identify and study epistatic interactions of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for stripe and leaf rust resistance in a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from the cross of Canadian wheat cultivars, AC Cadillac and Carberry. The relationship of leaf and stripe rust resistance QTL that co-located with stem rust resistance QTL previously mapped in this population was also investigated. The Carberry/AC Cadillac population was genotyped with DArT(®) and simple sequence repeat markers. The parents and population were phenotyped for stripe rust severity and infection response in field rust nurseries in Kenya (Njoro), Canada (Swift Current), and New Zealand (Lincoln); and for leaf rust severity and infection response in field nurseries in Canada (Swift Current) and New Zealand (Lincoln). AC Cadillac was a source of stripe rust resistance QTL on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 5B, and 7B; and Carberry was a source of resistance on chromosomes 2B, 4B, and 7A. AC Cadillac contributed QTL for resistance to leaf rust on chromosome 2A and Carberry contributed QTL on chromosomes 2B and 4B. Stripe rust resistance QTL co-localized with previously reported stem rust resistance QTL on 2B, 3B, and 7B, while leaf rust resistance QTL co-localized with 4B stem rust resistance QTL. Several epistatic interactions were identified both for stripe and leaf rust resistance QTL. We have identified useful combinations of genetic loci with main and epistatic effects. Multiple disease resistance regions identified on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, and 7B are prime candidates for further investigation and validation of their broad resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Singh
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Canada,
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Campbell HL, Tivarus ME, Hillier A, Beversdorf DQ. Increased task difficulty results in greater impact of noradrenergic modulation of cognitive flexibility. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2008; 88:222-9. [PMID: 17884154 PMCID: PMC2397546 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that the noradrenergic system modulates certain types of cognitive flexibility. This study compared various doses of beta-adrenergic antagonists for their effect on cognitive flexibility in problem solving, and how task difficulty interacts with this effect, as well as the effect of beta-adrenergic antagonists on other tasks. Anagram task performance was compared in 72 subjects using a within-subject design for propranolol at 20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, and placebo in a double-blinded manner, and the effects of subject ability and task difficulty were examined. We also examined the effect of the 40 mg propranolol dose on a range of other tasks. Overall, more anagram problems were solved while on propranolol 40 mg than on placebo. Subjects least able to solve the problems benefited significantly from 40 mg of propranolol. Also, for all subjects the most difficult problems were solved more quickly with propranolol 40 mg than placebo. Benefits were also seen for word fluency and backward digit span. Therefore, noradrenergic modulation of cognitive flexibility is affected by how much difficulty the subject is encountering when searching for the solution, a pattern consistent with what might be expected in an effect on the search of the semantic and associative network.
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Smith RM, Tivarus M, Campbell HL, Hillier A, Beversdorf DQ. Apparent Transient Effects of Recent ???Ecstasy??? Use on Cognitive Performance and Extrapyramidal Signs in Human Subjects. Cogn Behav Neurol 2006; 19:157-64. [PMID: 16957494 DOI: 10.1097/01.wnn.0000213909.41901.cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our purpose is to investigate cognitive performance and extrapyramidal function early after ecstasy use. BACKGROUND Ecstasy, containing 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine, has shown evidence of causing cognitive deficits and parkinsonian signs. Previous research has examined cognitive performance after a period of prolonged abstinence, but research assessing the early effects of ecstasy after recent use is limited despite temporal neurochemical differences demonstrated in nonhuman models. METHODS This study compared task performance between 13 ecstasy users (10 to 15 h postdrug use) and a control group on a battery of neuropsychologic assessments while matching for education level, sleep deprivation, and premorbid IQ. The groups were also compared on measures relating to parkinsonian signs. RESULTS The ecstasy subjects showed impairments on measures of executive function as evaluated by Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST). Short-delay free recall memory was also impaired in ecstasy subjects on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-II). No extrapyramidal motor impairments were detected. CONCLUSIONS These deficits resemble deficits previously reported in chronic ecstasy use but also seem to reveal transient impairments in executive function. Future research is needed to better understand the neurologic and neuropsychologic implications of ecstasy use across time and extent of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Smith
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, 1654 Upham Drive, Rm. 461, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University
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15
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Sherman HC, Campbell HL, Lanford CS. Experiments on the Relation of Nutrition to the Composition of the Body and the Length of Life. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 25:16-20. [PMID: 16577864 PMCID: PMC1077700 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.25.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York
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Wilson M, Campbell HL, Ji P, Jones JB, Cuppels DA. Biological control of bacterial speck of tomato under field conditions at several locations in north america. Phytopathology 2002; 92:1284-1292. [PMID: 18943882 DOI: 10.1094/phyto.2002.92.12.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bacterial speck of tomato, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, continues to be a problem for tomato growers worldwide. A collection of nonpathogenic bacteria from tomato leaves plus P. syringae strains TLP2 and Cit7, P. fluorescens strain A506, and P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 hrp mutants were examined in a greenhouse bioassay for the ability to reduce foliar bacterial speck disease severity. While several of these strains significantly reduced disease severity, P. syringae Cit7 was the most effective, providing a mean level of disease reduction of 78% under greenhouse conditions. The P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 hrpA, hrpH, and hrpS mutants also significantly reduced speck severity under greenhouse conditions. The strains with the greatest efficacy under greenhouse conditions were tested for the ability to reduce bacterial speck under field conditions at locations in Alabama, Florida, and Ontario, Canada. P. syringae Cit7 was the most effective strain, providing a mean level of disease reduction of 28% over 10 different field experiments. P. fluorescens A506, which is commercially available as Blight-Ban A506, provided a mean level of disease reduction of 18% over nine different field experiments. While neither P. syringae Cit7 nor P. fluorescens A506 can be integrated with copper bactericides due to their copper sensitivity, there exist some potential for integrating these biological control agents with "plant activators", including Actigard. Of the P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 hrp mutants tested, only the hrpS mutant reduced speck severity significantly under field conditions.
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Louws FJ, Wilson M, Campbell HL, Cuppels DA, Jones JB, Shoemaker PB, Sahin F, Miller SA. Field Control of Bacterial Spot and Bacterial Speck of Tomato Using a Plant Activator. Plant Dis 2001; 85:481-488. [PMID: 30823123 DOI: 10.1094/pdis.2001.85.5.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Acibenzolar-S-methyl (CGA 245704 or Actigard 50WG) is a plant activator that induces systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in many different crops to a number of pathogens. Acibenzolar-S-methyl was evaluated for management of bacterial spot (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria) and bacterial speck (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) of tomato in 15 and 7 field experiments, respectively. Experiments were conducted over a 4-year period in Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Ohio, and Ontario using local production systems. Applied at 35 g a.i. ha-1, acibenzolar-S-methyl reduced foliar disease severity in 14 of the 15 bacterial spot and all 7 bacterial speck experiments. Disease control was similar or superior to that obtained using a standard copper bactericide program. Acibenzolar-S-methyl also reduced bacterial fruit spot and speck incidence. Tomato yield was not affected by using the plant activator in the field when complemented with fungicides to manage foliar fungal diseases, but tomato transplant dry weight was negatively impacted. X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria population densities on greenhouse-grown tomato transplants were reduced by acibenzolar-S-methyl treatment. Bacterial speck and spot population densities on leaves of field-grown plants were not dramatically affected. Acibenzolar-S-methyl can be integrated as a viable alternative to copper-based bactericides for field management of bacterial spot and speck, particularly where copper-resistant populations predominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Louws
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7616
| | - M Wilson
- Department of Plant Pathology, 209 Life Sciences Building, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5409
| | - H L Campbell
- Department of Plant Pathology, 209 Life Sciences Building, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5409
| | - D A Cuppels
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON, Canada N5V 4T3
| | - J B Jones
- 1453 Fifield Hall - Plant Pathology Department, P.O. Box 110680, Gainesville, FL 32611-0680
| | - P B Shoemaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Fletcher 28732
| | - F Sahin
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Wooster 44691-4114
| | - S A Miller
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Wooster 44691-4114
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Campbell HL, Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC. Distribution and morphology of sacral spinal cord neurons innervating pelvic structures in Xenopus laevis. J Comp Neurol 1994; 347:619-27. [PMID: 7814678 DOI: 10.1002/cne.903470411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Relatively little is known about the organization of neural input to pelvic viscera in amphibia. In this study, sacral spinal efferent neurons were labeled in Xenopus laevis frogs by application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to the tenth spinal nerve, to pelvic musculature, or to the pelvic nerve. DiI was applied to the pelvic nerve with similar results. Labeled spinal neurons were located in the intermediate gray or in the ventral horn. Neurons in the tenth dorsal root ganglion, but not in the spinal cord, were labeled after application of HRP or DiI to the pudendal nerve. The labeled neurons in the spinal cord intermediate gray were in a position comparable to that of the mammalian sacral parasympathetic nucleus (SPN). Two apparent subdivisions included 1) a medial cluster of cells with mediolaterally oriented dendrites and 2) a lateral group with dorsoventrally oriented dendrites. An intermediate group, not clearly classed with the other two, was also identifiable. In some cases, labeled tenth nerve primary afferents were seen in contact with efferent neurons of the intermediate gray. Labeled neurons in the ventral horn medial to the lateral motor column were small, with dendrites oriented mediolaterally, in a position comparable to that of the mammalian Onuf's nucleus. The peripheral targets of DiI-labeled pelvic nerve axons were the compressor cloaca muscle, cloaca, and bladder. DiI-labeled pudendal nerve axons distributed peripherally to cloacal lip and medial thigh integument. These data suggest that the pudendal nerve in amphibians is purely sensory and that both somatic and autonomic motor axons traverse the pelvic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Campbell
- Department of Biology, Ohio Dominican College, Columbus 43219
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Campbell HL, Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC. Circumferential cells of the developing Rana catesbeiana lumbar spinal cord. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1987; 176:155-63. [PMID: 2441625 DOI: 10.1007/bf00310048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neural elements in the lumbar enlargement of the developing Rana catesbeiana spinal cord were labelled by placing chips of dessicated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into various lesions of the spinal cord. Of the elements labelled in the lumbar enlargement, a population of cells circumjacent to the gray matter was seen to be distinct from all others on the basis of their morphology, position and their putative embryonic origin. One cell type not previously described was a large circumferential cell (LCC) with primary processes completely circumscribing the gray matter. The ventral process crosses the midline and ascends or descends in the ventral funiculus. The dorsal primary process was observed to extend to the midline and turn ipsilaterally in a rostro-caudal direction in the dorsal funiculus. LCC's were present at early stages of larval development (stage III, Taylor and Kollros 1946) but could not be labelled in juvenile frogs. LCC's were only observed in the lumbar enlargement and could only be labelled through HRP applications at that level. They receive abundant synaptic input from the ipsilateral lateral funiculus. Possible roles for the LCC in the early function and development of the ranid lumbar spinal cord are discussed.
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Sherman HC, Campbell HL. A Further Study of Regularity of Nutritional Response to Chemical Intake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1936; 22:478-81. [PMID: 16577730 PMCID: PMC1079211 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.22.8.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York
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Sherman HC, Campbell HL. Relation of Food to Regularity of Nutritional Response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1935; 21:434-6. [PMID: 16587994 PMCID: PMC1076620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.21.7.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University
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Sherman HC, La Mer VK, Campbell HL. The Effect of Temperature and of the Concentration of Hydrogen Ions upon the Rate of Destruction of Antiscorbutic Vitamin (Vitamin C). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1921; 7:279-81. [PMID: 16576607 PMCID: PMC1084895 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.7.9.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H C Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University
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