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Matsumoto SS, Koizumi H, Shimazu H, Goto S. Therapeutic Effects of Dual Dopaminergic Modulation With l-DOPA and Chlorpromazine in Patients With Idiopathic Cervical Dystonia. Neurol Clin Pract 2024; 14:e200254. [PMID: 38223351 PMCID: PMC10783972 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000200254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Imbalanced activities between dopamine D1 and D2 signals in striatal striosome-matrix system have been proposed as a cause of dystonia symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effects of dual dopaminergic modulation (DDM) with l-DOPA and chlorpromazine (CPZ) in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD). Methods We enrolled 21 patients with CD who responded poorly to botulinum toxin treatment. The severities of CD motor symptoms and CD-associated pain were determined using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale and the visual analog scale, respectively. Results In patients with CD (n = 7), oral administration of l-DOPA combined with CPZ significantly attenuated both CD motor symptoms and CD-associated pain in a dose-related manner. By contrast, there was no improvement of CD symptoms in patients (n = 7) who ingested l-DOPA alone nor in those (n = 7) who ingested CPZ alone. Discussion DDM with l-DOPA and CPZ may be an effective tool to treat dystonia symptoms in patients with botulinum toxin-resistant idiopathic CD. Our results may also indicate that CD dystonia symptoms could be attenuated through DDM inducing an increase in striosomal D1-signaling. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class III evidence that treatment of botulinum toxin-resistant idiopathic cervical dystonia with l-DOPA and chlorpromazine is superior to either one alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi S Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology (SSM), Osaka Neurological Institute; Department of Neurology (HK), Kyoto Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital for the Disabled, Nakaashihara; Department of Pharmacology (HS), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo; Center for Drug Discovery and Development Sciences (SG), Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience (SG), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Koizumi
- Department of Neurology (SSM), Osaka Neurological Institute; Department of Neurology (HK), Kyoto Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital for the Disabled, Nakaashihara; Department of Pharmacology (HS), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo; Center for Drug Discovery and Development Sciences (SG), Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience (SG), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- Department of Neurology (SSM), Osaka Neurological Institute; Department of Neurology (HK), Kyoto Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital for the Disabled, Nakaashihara; Department of Pharmacology (HS), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo; Center for Drug Discovery and Development Sciences (SG), Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience (SG), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Goto
- Department of Neurology (SSM), Osaka Neurological Institute; Department of Neurology (HK), Kyoto Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital for the Disabled, Nakaashihara; Department of Pharmacology (HS), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo; Center for Drug Discovery and Development Sciences (SG), Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience (SG), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan
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Matsumoto S, Koizumi H, Shimazu H, Kaji R, Goto S. A dual dopaminergic therapy with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and chlorpromazine for the treatment of blepharospasm, a focal dystonia: Possible implications for striosomal D1 signaling. Front Neurol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.922333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of balanced activity between dopamine D1 and D2 receptor functions in the striatum, particularly in striatal functional subdivisions (i.e., striosome and matrix compartments), has been proposed to underlie dystonia genesis. This study was undertaken to examine the therapeutic effect of dual dopaminergic modulation with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) in patients with blepharospasm, a focal dystonia. For this purpose, Dopacol tablets™ (L-DOPA 50 mg plus carbidopa 5 mg) and Wintermin™ (CPZ phenolphthalinate 180 mg/g) were used. Clinical evaluations were performed before and after an 8-week drug treatment interval using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI), modified VAS (mVAS), and Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS). The data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics. Results showed that in patients (n = 7) with blepharospasm, dystonia symptoms were significantly alleviated by the administration of both Dopacol tablets™ (one tablet × 3/day) and CPZ (5 mg × 3/day), as determined using the VAS, BSDI, mVAS, and JRS. In contrast, there was no improvement of dystonia symptoms in patients (n = 7) who ingested Dopacol tablets™ (one tablet × 3/day) alone, nor in those (n = 7) who ingested CPZ (5 mg × 3/day) alone. Thus, dual pharmacotherapy with L-DOPA and CPZ can exert a therapeutic effect on blepharospasm, suggesting that dystonia symptoms can be attenuated through dopaminergic modulation with inducing an increase in striatal D1-signals. Since dopamine D1 receptors are heavily enriched in the striosome compartment in the “human” striatum, our results also suggest that striosomal loss of D1-signaling may be important in the pathogenesis of dystonia.
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Matsushita T, Sakamoto Y, Tanakami A, Shimazu H, Kudo C, Kida Y, Harada M. A case of subacute combined spinal cord degeneration and suspected leukoencephalopathy associated with vitamin B 12 deficiency showing improved imaging findings after vitamin B 12 administration. J Med Invest 2022; 69:299-301. [PMID: 36244784 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.69.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of subacute combined spinal cord degeneration (SCD) caused by vegetarianism and autoimmune gastritis, which is rarely reported in Japan, and which showed improvement in symptoms and imaging findings after vitamin B12 administration. As delayed treatment can lead to irreversible damage, we suggest that patients with characteristic abnormal signals in the posterior cervical cord should be examined while considering the possibility that SCD may occur even in the absence of a history of gastrectomy or heavy drinking. We also describe the patient's reversible abnormal signals in the cerebral white matter on magnetic resonance imaging, indicative of an early sign of leukoencephalopathy associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. J. Med. Invest. 69 : 299-301, August, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Matsushita
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakamoto
- Department of Radiology, Yoshinogawa Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanakami
- Department of Radiology, Yoshinogawa Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- Department of Radiology, Yoshinogawa Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kudo
- Department of Internal medicine, Yoshinogawa Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukari Kida
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
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Amemori S, Amemori KI, Yoshida T, Papageorgiou GK, Xu R, Shimazu H, Desimone R, Graybiel AM. Microstimulation of primate neocortex targeting striosomes induces negative decision-making. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:731-741. [PMID: 31429499 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Here, we combined MRI-guided electrical microstimulation and viral tracing to examine the function of a corticostriatal circuit implicated by previous cortical microstimulation as modulating affective judgment and decision-making. Local microstimulation of a small part of the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) was found to increase avoidance decisions in a cost-benefit decision-making task (Ap-Av task) in which differing amounts of "good" and "bad" options were given simultaneously. No effect of such stimulation was found when the monkeys performed a task in which both offers were rewarding, but given in different amounts. We asked whether we could identify the targets of such corticostriatal circuits when the cortical microstimulation sites were explicitly identified as affecting approach or avoidance in the Ap-Av task. We explored the pACC and caudal orbitofrontal cortex (cOFC) to look for such sites. For each cortical region, we found sites at which microstimulation induced increased avoidance behavior. After identifying these sites, we injected viral tracers carrying constructs allowing subsequent track-tracing post-mortem. For each site identified behaviorally as increasing avoidance choices, we found strong fiber projections to the anterior striatum with large parts of these targeting striosomes subsequently identified by serial section immunohistochemistry. With fMRI, we demonstrated that microstimulation in an anesthetized monkey at sites pre-identified as affecting Ap-Av choices induced blood oxygen level dependent activation of the anterior striatum, confirming that the microstimulation method that we applied was effective in activating the striatum. These findings outline circuits leading from pACC/cOFC to striosomes and causally modulating decision-making under emotional conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Amemori
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Amemori
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tomoko Yoshida
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Georgios K Papageorgiou
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Desimone
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Dagdeviren C, Ramadi KB, Joe P, Spencer K, Schwerdt HN, Shimazu H, Delcasso S, Amemori KI, Nunez-Lopez C, Graybiel AM, Cima MJ, Langer R. Miniaturized neural system for chronic, local intracerebral drug delivery. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/425/eaan2742. [PMID: 29367347 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan2742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in medications for neurodegenerative disorders are expanding opportunities for improving the debilitating symptoms suffered by patients. Existing pharmacologic treatments, however, often rely on systemic drug administration, which result in broad drug distribution and consequent increased risk for toxicity. Given that many key neural circuitries have sub-cubic millimeter volumes and cell-specific characteristics, small-volume drug administration into affected brain areas with minimal diffusion and leakage is essential. We report the development of an implantable, remotely controllable, miniaturized neural drug delivery system permitting dynamic adjustment of therapy with pinpoint spatial accuracy. We demonstrate that this device can chemically modulate local neuronal activity in small (rodent) and large (nonhuman primate) animal models, while simultaneously allowing the recording of neural activity to enable feedback control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Dagdeviren
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Khalil B Ramadi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Pauline Joe
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kevin Spencer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Helen N Schwerdt
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sebastien Delcasso
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Amemori
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carlos Nunez-Lopez
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,IQS School of Engineering, Ramon Llull University, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael J Cima
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. .,Department of Materials Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. .,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Shimazu H, Amemori K, Schwerdt H, Gibson D, Graybiel A. Chemically induced striatal beta oscillations and the transient primate model of Parkinsonian symptoms. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Schwerdt HN, Kim MJ, Amemori S, Homma D, Yoshida T, Shimazu H, Yerramreddy H, Karasan E, Langer R, Graybiel AM, Cima MJ. Subcellular probes for neurochemical recording from multiple brain sites. Lab Chip 2017; 17:1104-1115. [PMID: 28233001 PMCID: PMC5572650 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01398h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of neurochemicals, in particular, dopamine, is epitomized in numerous debilitating disorders that impair normal movement and mood aspects of our everyday behavior. Neurochemical transmission is a neuron-specific process, and further exhibits region-specific signaling in the brain. Tools are needed to monitor the heterogeneous spatiotemporal dynamics of dopamine neurotransmission without compromising the physiological processes of the neuronal environment. We developed neurochemical probes that are ten times smaller than any existing dopamine sensor, based on the size of the entire implanted shaft and its sensing tip. The microfabricated probe occupies a spatial footprint (9 μm) coordinate with the average size of individual neuronal cells (∼10 μm). These cellular-scale probes were shown to reduce inflammatory response of the implanted brain tissue environment. The probes are further configured in the form of a microarray to permit electrochemical sampling of dopamine and other neurotransmitters at unprecedented spatial densities and distributions. Dopamine recording was performed concurrently from up to 16 sites in the striatum of rats, revealing a remarkable spatiotemporal contrast in dopamine transmission as well as site-specific pharmacological modulation. Collectively, the reported platform endeavors to enable high density mapping of the chemical messengers fundamentally involved in neuronal communication through the use of minimally invasive probes that help preserve the neuronal viability of the implant environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen N Schwerdt
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Bldg 76 Room 653G, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Min Jung Kim
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Satoko Amemori
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daigo Homma
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tomoko Yoshida
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Harshita Yerramreddy
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ekin Karasan
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Bldg 76 Room 653G, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael J Cima
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Bldg 76 Room 653G, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Materials Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Takeuchi S, Murai R, Shimazu H, Isomura Y, Mima T, Tsujimoto T. Spatiotemporal Organization and Cross-Frequency Coupling of Sleep Spindles in Primate Cerebral Cortex. Sleep 2016; 39:1719-35. [PMID: 27397568 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.6100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The sleep spindle has been implicated in thalamic sensory gating, cortical development, and memory consolidation. These multiple functions may depend on specific spatiotemporal emergence and interactions with other spindles and other forms of brain activity. Therefore, we measured sleep spindle cortical distribution, regional heterogeneity, synchronization, and phase relationships with other electroencephalographic components in freely moving primates. METHODS Transcortical field potentials were recorded from Japanese monkeys via telemetry and were analyzed using the Hilbert-Huang transform. RESULTS Spindle (12-20 Hz) current sources were identified over a wide region of the frontoparietal cortex. Most spindles occurred independently in their own frequency, but some appeared concordant between cortical areas with frequency interdependence, particularly in nearby regions and bilaterally symmetrical regions. Spindles in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex appeared around the surface-positive and depth-negative phase of transcortically recorded slow oscillations (< 1 Hz), whereas centroparietal spindles emerged around the opposite phase. The slow-oscillation phase reversed between the prefrontal and central regions. Gamma activities increased before spindle onset. Several regional heterogeneities in properties of human spindles were replicated in the monkeys, including frequency, density, and inter-cortical time lags, although their topographic patterns were different from those of humans. The phase-amplitude coupling between spindle and gamma activity was also replicated. CONCLUSIONS Spindles in widespread cortical regions are possibly driven by independent rhythm generators, but are temporally associated to spindles in other regions and to slow and gamma oscillations by corticocortical and thalamocortical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Takeuchi
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rie Murai
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Tatsuya Mima
- Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toru Tsujimoto
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Takeuchi S, Mima T, Murai R, Shimazu H, Isomura Y, Tsujimoto T. Gamma Oscillations and Their Cross-frequency Coupling in the Primate Hippocampus during Sleep. Sleep 2015; 38:1085-91. [PMID: 25669188 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.4818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The mechanism by which sleep consolidates memory is unclear. Based on the two-stage model of memory consolidation, different functions for slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep have been proposed; thus, state-dependent changes of neural oscillations in the hippocampus might clarify this fundamental question. METHODS We recorded hippocampal local field potentials from freely behaving monkeys via telemetry and analyzed their nonstationary oscillations using Hilbert-Huang transform. RESULTS By applying a recently developed empirical mode decomposition analysis, we found strong cross-frequency coupling between high-frequency and slow wave oscillations during SWS and a prominent increase of gamma band activity in short bursts during REM sleep in unanesthetized primates' hippocampus. CONCLUSION Spatiotemporal integration through coupled oscillations during slow wave sleep might be a physiological basis of system consolidation, whereas gamma bursts during rapid eye movement sleep might be related to synaptic consolidation in the local hippocampal neural circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Takeuchi
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mima
- Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rie Murai
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Toru Tsujimoto
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Tamiaki H, Fukai K, Shimazu H, Shoji S. Synthesis of Zinc Chlorophyll Homo/Hetero-Dyads and their Folded Conformers with Porphyrin, Chlorin, and Bacteriochlorinπ-Systems. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 90:121-8. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Shiga Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukai
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Shiga Japan
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Shiga Japan
| | - Sunao Shoji
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Shiga Japan
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Fukata M, Ishikawa F, Najima Y, Yamauchi T, Saito Y, Takenaka K, Miyawaki K, Shimazu H, Shimoda K, Kanemaru T, Nakamura KI, Odashiro K, Nagafuji K, Harada M, Akashi K. Contribution of bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to the generation of donor-marker⁺ cardiomyocytes in vivo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62506. [PMID: 23667482 PMCID: PMC3647070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Definite identification of the cell types and the mechanism relevant to cardiomyogenesis is essential for effective cardiac regenerative medicine. We aimed to identify the cell populations that can generate cardiomyocytes and to clarify whether generation of donor-marker(+) cardiomyocytes requires cell fusion between BM-derived cells and recipient cardiomyocytes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Purified BM stem/progenitor cells from green fluorescence protein (GFP) mice were transplanted into C57BL/6 mice or cyan fluorescence protein (CFP)-transgenic mice. Purified human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from cord blood were transplanted into immune-compromised NOD/SCID/IL2rγ(null) mice. GFP(+) cells in the cardiac tissue were analyzed for the antigenecity of a cardiomyocyte by confocal microscopy following immunofluorescence staining. GFP(+) donor-derived cells, GFP(+)CFP(+) fused cells, and CFP(+) recipient-derived cells were distinguished by linear unmixing analysis. Hearts of xenogeneic recipients were evaluated for the expression of human cardiomyocyte genes by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In C57BL/6 recipients, Lin(-/low)CD45(+) hematopoietic cells generated greater number of GFP(+) cardiomyocytes than Lin(-/low)CD45(-) mesenchymal cells (37.0+/-23.9 vs 0.00+/-0.00 GFP(+) cardiomyocytes per a recipient, P = 0.0095). The number of transplanted purified HSCs (Lin(-/low)Sca-1(+) or Lin(-)Sca-1(+)c-Kit(+) or CD34(-)Lin(-)Sca-1(+)c-Kit(+)) showed correlation to the number of GFP(+) cardiomyocytes (P<0.05 in each cell fraction), and the incidence of GFP(+) cardiomyocytes per injected cell dose was greatest in CD34(-)Lin(-)Sca-1(+)c-Kit(+) recipients. Of the hematopoietic progenitors, total myeloid progenitors generated greater number of GFP(+) cardiomyocytes than common lymphoid progenitors (12.8+/-10.7 vs 0.67+/-1.00 GFP(+) cardiomyocytes per a recipient, P = 0.0021). In CFP recipients, all GFP(+) cardiomyocytes examined coexpressed CFP. Human troponin C and myosin heavy chain 6 transcripts were detected in the cardiac tissue of some of the xenogeneic recipients. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicate that HSCs resulted in the generation of cardiomyocytes via myeloid intermediates by fusion-dependent mechanism. The use of myeloid derivatives as donor cells could potentially allow more effective cell-based therapy for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Fukata
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (MF); (FI)
| | - Fumihiko Ishikawa
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail: (MF); (FI)
| | - Yuho Najima
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takuji Yamauchi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoriko Saito
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsuto Takenaka
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohta Miyawaki
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Kei-ichiro Nakamura
- Second Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Keita Odashiro
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Nagafuji
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mine Harada
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Akashi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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12
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Kubota S, Nakaji G, Shimazu H, Odashiro K, Maruyama T, Akashi K. Further assessment of atrial fibrillation as a risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease: a multicenter questionnaire survey. Intern Med 2013; 52:2401-7. [PMID: 24190143 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.0923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although both atrial fibrillation (AF) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are common diseases, the relationship between these two conditions remains controversial, depending on the study design and type of AF. Therefore, we focused on the relationship between nonvalvular AF and GERD. METHODS A total of 479 consecutive subjects (255 men and 224 women, mean age: 60.4 ± 12.8 years), including outpatients at several hospitals (n=201) and participants of an annual health screening program (n=278), were enrolled. Subjects with valvular AF, malignancy or dementia were excluded. The frequency scale for symptoms of GERD (F-scale) was applied after obtaining each patient's informed consent for screening symptomatic GERD with a total cutoff score of 8 points. The score on the questionnaire was correlated with the baseline characteristics extracted from the patients' medical records. RESULTS The total F-scale scores were significantly higher in the older patients (≥ 60 years) than in the younger patients (<60 years) (p=0.017) and increased in the following order: permanent AF > paroxysmal AF > sinus rhythm (p=0.003). The incidence of GERD increased in the same order among the patients with the various heart rhythm classifications (p<0.001). Coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were not correlated with the F-scale scores or incidence of GERD. The stepwise discriminant analyses demonstrated that nonvalvular AF alone was significantly associated with symptomatic GERD (Wilks' lambda=0.983, p=0.004). CONCLUSION This multicenter study demonstrated that nonvalvular AF is significantly correlated with symptomatic GERD. This small sample survey warrants a future study of a large-scale cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Kubota
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
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13
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Nozaki Y, Kinoshita K, Yano T, Asato K, Shiga T, Hino S, Niki K, Nagare Y, Kishimoto K, Shimazu H, Funauchi M, Matsumura I. Signaling through the interleukin-18 receptor α attenuates inflammation in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2012; 82:892-902. [PMID: 22673883 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 is produced by leukocytes and renal parenchymal cells (tubular epithelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells). The IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) is expressed on these cells in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury, but the role of IL-18R is unknown. To help define this, we compared IL-18Rα knockout with wild-type mice in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury and found deteriorated kidney function, tubular damage, increased accumulation of leukocytes (CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells, macrophages, and neutrophils), upregulation of early kidney injury biomarkers (serum TNF, urinary IL-18, and KIM-1 levels), and increased expression of pro-inflammatory molecules downstream of IL-18. In vitro, leukocytes from the spleen and kidneys of the knockout mice produced greater amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon stimulation with concanavalin A compared to that in wild-type mice. Levels of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 (negative regulators of cytokine signaling) were reduced in the spleen and kidneys of IL-18Rα-deficient compared to wild-type mice. Adoptive transfer of wild-type splenocytes by IL-18Rα-deficient mice led to decreased cisplatin nephrotoxicity compared to control IL-18Rα-deficient mice. In contrast, anti-IL-18Rα and anti-IL-18Rβ antibody treatment tended to increase cisplatin nephrotoxicity in wild-type mice. Thus, signaling through IL-18Rα activates both inflammation-suppressing and pro-injury pathways in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nozaki
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan.
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14
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Feingold J, Desrochers TM, Fujii N, Harlan R, Tierney PL, Shimazu H, Amemori KI, Graybiel AM. A system for recording neural activity chronically and simultaneously from multiple cortical and subcortical regions in nonhuman primates. J Neurophysiol 2011; 107:1979-95. [PMID: 22170970 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00625.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of neuroscience is to understand the functions of networks of neurons in cognition and behavior. Recent work has focused on implanting arrays of ∼100 immovable electrodes or smaller numbers of individually adjustable electrodes, designed to target a few cortical areas. We have developed a recording system that allows the independent movement of hundreds of electrodes chronically implanted in several cortical and subcortical structures. We have tested this system in macaque monkeys, recording simultaneously from up to 127 electrodes in 14 brain regions for up to one year at a time. A key advantage of the system is that it can be used to sample different combinations of sites over prolonged periods, generating multiple snapshots of network activity from a single implant. Used in conjunction with microstimulation and injection methods, this versatile system represents a powerful tool for studying neural network activity in the primate brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Feingold
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St., Bldg. 46-6133, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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15
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Shimazu H, Nakaji G, Fukata M, Odashiro K, Maruyama T, Akashi K. Relationship between atrial fibrillation and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a multicenter questionnaire survey. Cardiology 2011; 119:217-23. [PMID: 21985841 DOI: 10.1159/000331497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains controversial, and investigations into this relationship have been based on small series. This multicenter survey evaluated the relationship between these diseases. METHODS The study enrolled 188 consecutive subjects (110 males and 78 females, mean age 60.4 ± 0.9 years) treated as outpatients. Patients were classified by the frequency scale for symptoms of GERD (F-scale) after obtaining informed consent for screening for GERD. Scores on this questionnaire were correlated to baseline characteristics obtained from medical records. The cutoff value for a diagnosis of GERD was set at 8.0 points. RESULTS Total scores on the F-scale were significantly greater in female subjects (p = 0.004) and in patients with AF (p = 0.019) compared to the other subjects. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the prevalence of GERD demonstrated that GERD was not related to gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia or coronary artery disease and that AF alone showed a significant (p < 0.001) correlation with GERD. CONCLUSIONS This multicenter questionnaire survey demonstrated that among traditional cardiovascular risk factors, AF was an independent risk factor for GERD. A large cohort study to assess the potential relationship between GERD and AF is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Shimazu
- Department of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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16
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Nakano N, Nishida A, Ohota H, Ikebe T, Shimazu H, Ishiwata K, Araoka H, Tsuji M, Yamamoto H, Asano-Mori Y, Izutsu K, Uchida N, Yoneyama A, Wake A, Makino S, Taniguchi S. Safety of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Allogenic Hematopoietic Transplantation (HSCT) Recipients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.12.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Kishimoto K, Kinoshita K, Hino S, Yano T, Nagare Y, Shimazu H, Nozaki Y, Sugiyama M, Ikoma S, Funauchi M. Therapeutic effect of retinoic acid on unilateral ureteral obstruction model. Nephron Clin Pract 2011; 118:e69-78. [PMID: 21228601 DOI: 10.1159/000322409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoic acids, a group of natural and synthetic vitamin A derivatives, have potent anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. We investigated the therapeutic effect of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model mice. METHODS First, to evaluate the prophylactic effect, we administered 0.5 mg of ATRA for 3 days before UUO (UUO ATRA). Then, to evaluate the therapeutic effects, we administered 0.5 mg of ATRA 3 days after UUO (Day 3 ATRA). We compared the histological changes and immunostaining of macrophages, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I, and mRNA expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β(1) and TGF-β R-II by RT-PCR 7 days after UUO. RESULTS In the UUO ATRA and Day 3 ATRA groups, we observed a significant improvement in histological and immunological findings, including macrophage infiltration and improved expression of MCP-1, TGF-β(1), α-SMA and collagen I compared with the UUO Day 7 group. CONCLUSION ATRA treatment is not only an effective prophylactic strategy, but also a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of progressive renal fibrosis in diseased kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Kishimoto
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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18
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Tsujimoto T, Shimazu H, Isomura Y, Sasaki K. Theta Oscillations in Primate Prefrontal and Anterior Cingulate Cortices in Forewarned Reaction Time Tasks. J Neurophysiol 2010; 103:827-43. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00358.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we introduced a monkey model for human frontal midline theta oscillations as a possible neural correlate of attention. It was based on homologous theta oscillations found in the monkey's prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices (areas 9 and 32) in a self-initiated hand-movement task. However, it has not been confirmed whether theta activity in the monkey model consistently appears in other situations demanding attention. Here, we examined the detailed properties of theta oscillations in four variations of forewarned reaction time tasks with warning (S1) and imperative (S2) stimuli. We characterized the theta oscillations generated exclusively in areas 9 and 32, as follows: 1) in the S1-S2 interval where movement preparation and reward expectation were presumably involved, the theta power was higher than in the pre-S1 period; 2) in the no-go trials of go/no-go tasks instructed by S1, the theta power in the S1-S2 interval was lower than in the pre-S1 period in an asymmetrical reward condition, whereas it was moderately higher in a symmetrical condition; 3) the theta power after reward delivery was higher than in the unrewarded trials; 4) the theta power in the pre-S1 period was higher than in the resting condition; and 5) when the monkey had to guess the S1-S2 duration internally without seeing S2, the theta power in the pre-S1 period was higher than in the original S1-S2 experiment. These findings suggest that attentional loads associated with different causes can induce the same theta activity, thereby supporting the consistency of attention-dependent theta oscillations in our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Tsujimoto
- Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima
| | - Yoshikazu Isomura
- Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto
- Department of System Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu, Tokyo; and
- Neural Circuit Theory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sasaki
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki
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Uchida N, Wake A, Yamamoto H, Yoneyama A, Nishida A, Shimazu H, Nakano N, Ishiwata K, Tsuji M, Asano-Mori Y, Makino S, Masuoka K, Taniguchi S. Rapid Switch To Donor-Type Dominant Chimerism And Early Lymphocyte Recovery Following Reduced-Intensity Cord Blood Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Nakano N, Wake A, Yamamoto H, Shimazu H, Ishiwata K, Tuji M, Mori-Asano Y, Uchida N, Yoneyama A, Makino S, Taniguchi S. Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation (UCBT) Using Myeloablative And Non-Myeloablative Conditioning For 38 Patients With Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Uguisu H, Urushihara R, Hosono Y, Asanuma K, Shimazu H, Murase N, Kaji R. Very low-frequency rTMS modulates SEPs over the contralateral hemisphere. J Med Invest 2010; 57:109-13. [DOI: 10.2152/jmi.57.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruo Uguisu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Ryo Urushihara
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Yuki Hosono
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Kotaro Asanuma
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Hideki Shimazu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Nagako Murase
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
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Kinoshita K, Kishimoto K, Shimazu H, Nozaki Y, Sugiyama M, Ikoma S, Funauchi M. Successful treatment with retinoids in patients with lupus nephritis. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 55:344-7. [PMID: 19628316 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis is a major manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Treatment with such immunosuppressive agents as corticosteroids or cyclophosphamide can decrease the progression of lupus nephritis; however, these agents have potentially severe adverse reactions. Therefore, the development of new drugs with fewer side effects is needed. Here, we report 2 patients with lupus that were treated successfully with retinoids. Initially, both patients were treated with 60 mg/d of prednisolone. However, nephrotic syndrome was not improved. Subsequently, treatment with 10 mg/d of all-trans-retinoic acid was started orally and elicited a good response, showing a decrease in proteinuria. Although additional controlled clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings, we suggest that therapy using retinoids may represent a novel approach to the treatment of patients with lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kinoshita
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan.
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23
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Takayama T, Kondo T, Kobayashi M, Ohta K, Ishibashi Y, Kanemaru T, Shimazu H, Ishikawa F, Nakamura T, Kinoshita S, Nakamura KI. Characteristic Morphology and Distribution of Bone Marrow Derived Cells in the Cornea. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2009; 292:756-63. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.20851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sako W, Goto S, Shimazu H, Murase N, Matsuzaki K, Tamura T, Mure H, Tomogane Y, Arita N, Yoshikawa H, Nagahiro S, Kaji R. Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in tardive dystonia. Mov Disord 2009; 23:1929-31. [PMID: 18785227 DOI: 10.1002/mds.22100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tardive dystonia is a disabling movement disorder as a consequence of exposure to neuroleptic drugs. We followed 6 patients with medically refractory tardive dystonia treated by bilateral globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) for 21 +/- 18 months. At last follow-up, the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) motor score improved by 86% +/- 14%, and the BFMDRS disability score improved by 80% +/- 12%. Bilateral GPi-DBS is a beneficial therapeutic option for the long-term relief of tardive dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Sako
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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Sako W, Nishio M, Maruo T, Shimazu H, Matsuzaki K, Tamura T, Mure H, Ushio Y, Nagahiro S, Kaji R, Goto S. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for camptocormia associated with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2009; 24:1076-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.22529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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26
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Prabhu G, Shimazu H, Cerri G, Brochier T, Spinks RL, Maier MA, Lemon RN. Modulation of primary motor cortex outputs from ventral premotor cortex during visually guided grasp in the macaque monkey. J Physiol 2009; 587:1057-69. [PMID: 19139043 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2008.165571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Area F5, in the ventral premotor cortex of the macaque monkey, plays a critical role in determining the hand shape appropriate for grasp of a visible object. F5 neurones show increased firing for particular types of grasp, and inactivation of F5 produces deficits in visually guided grasp. But how is F5 activity transformed into the appropriate pattern of hand muscle activity for efficient grasp? Here we investigate the pathways that may be involved by testing the effect of single stimuli delivered through microwires chronically implanted in area F5 and in primary motor cortex (M1) of two macaque monkeys. The EMG responses from M1 test (T) stimulation were recorded from 4-11 contralateral hand, digit and arm muscles during reach-to-grasp of visually presented objects. Conditioning (C) stimulation of F5, at intensities subthreshold for motor effects, caused strong modulation (over twofold) of M1 test (T) responses. The pattern of facilitation was specific. First, facilitation of the T response was particularly evident at short C-T intervals of -1 to 1 ms. Second, this facilitation was only present in some muscles and during reach-to-grasp of a subset of objects; it did not appear to be simply related to the level of EMG activity in the muscles at the moment of cortical stimulation or indeed to the upcoming contribution of that muscle during grasp. At later C-T intervals (1-6 ms), F5 stimulation caused significant suppression of the test M1 response. The results are in keeping with the concept that during visually guided grasp, F5 modulates corticospinal outputs from M1 in a muscle- and grasp-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Prabhu
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG
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Funauchi M, Kishimoto K, Shimazu H, Nagare Y, Hino S, Yano T, Kinoshita K. Effects of bosentan on the skin lesions: an observational study from a single center in Japan. Rheumatol Int 2008; 29:769-75. [PMID: 19037604 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-008-0789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Effects of a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, bosentan on peripheral circulatioin and skin lesions as well as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were investigated in Japanese patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD). Fifteen patients with PAH associated with CTD [systemic sclerosis (SSc) 13, mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) 2] were treated with bosentan for 40-96 weeks, and changes of exercise capacity (6-min walk distance and Borg's dyspnea scale), cardio-pulmonary hemodynamics (right ventricular pressure, specific activity scale and cardiac index), Raynaud's phenomenon, digital ulcers and dermal sclerosis were observed. Bosentan improved exercise capacity, had a positive effect on hemodynamic parameters, and was well tolerated as previously reported. After a median 8 weeks of treatment, 13 out of 15 patients had improved Raynaud's phenomenon. Digital ulcers also improved after a median 12 weeks' treatment in all of 8 patients. Modified Rodnan total skin score decreased from 21.0 +/- 5.9 to 11.5 +/- 3.9 in diffuse cutaneous SSc and from 17.0 +/- 6.5 to 9.5 +/- 4.5 in limited cutaneous SSc after 24 months' treatment, reaching significance after 6 months in both groups. These data suggest that bosentan is effective for both PAH and peripheral vascular diseases in Japanese patients with CTD. The pathological background to the improvement in dermal sclerosis observed in this study should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Funauchi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
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28
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Masamune S, Sanpei A, Ikezoe R, Onchi T, Oki K, Yamashita T, Shimazu H, Himura H, Paccagnella R. MHD Properties of Low-aspect Ratio RFP in RELAX. J Fusion Energ 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-008-9172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Hosono Y, Urushihara R, Harada M, Morita N, Murase N, Kunikane Y, Shimazu H, Asanuma K, Uguisu H, Kaji R. Comparison of monophasic versus biphasic stimulation in rTMS over premotor cortex: SEP and SPECT studies. Clin Neurophysiol 2008; 119:2538-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.07.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2007] [Revised: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sugiyama M, Kinoshita K, Kishimoto K, Shimazu H, Nozaki Y, Ikoma S, Funauchi M. Deletion of IL-18 receptor ameliorates renal injury in bovine serum albumin-induced glomerulonephritis. Clin Immunol 2008; 128:103-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.03.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Tamiaki H, Fukai K, Shimazu H, Nishide K, Shibata Y, Itoh S, Kunieda M. Covalently linked zinc chlorophyll dimers as a model of a chlorophyllous pair in photosynthetic reaction centers. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:1231-7. [PMID: 18846288 DOI: 10.1039/b802353k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A heterodimer, where zinc pyropheophorbide-a was linked with zinc pyropheophorbide-d through ethylene glycol diester, was prepared, as well as the corresponding homodimers. The synthetic dimers were complexed with methanol in benzene to give folded dimers by mutual Zn...O(Me)-H...O=C13(1) bonding. Such complexes had furthest red (Qy) absorption bands at longer wavelengths than the monomeric species. These red-shifts were ascribable to excitonic coupling of the Qy transition states in the chlorin pi-pi stacking conformer. In the heterodimeric system, a minor band was observed at the shorter wavelength side of the main Qy band. This observation can be explained by an additional contribution of Qy vibronic state to the exciton-coupled states. Based on the experimental results, a pair of chlorophyll(Chl)-d with Chl-a as well as a Chl-d homopair were proposed as dimers in reaction centers of Chl-d dominating cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
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Shimazu H, Urishihara R, Murase N, Goto S, Kaji R. 1. Pre-movement gating of the somatosensory-evoked potentials recorded from the human thalamus. Clin Neurophysiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Goto S, Shimazu H, Matsuzaki K, Tamura T, Murase N, Nagahiro S, Kaji R. Thalamic Vo-complex vs pallidal deep brain stimulation for focal hand dystonia. Neurology 2008; 70:1500-1. [PMID: 18413578 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000310430.00743.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Goto
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
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Funauchi M, Ikoma S, Kishimoto K, Shimazu H, Nozaki Y, Sugiyama M, Kinoshita K. A case of adult onset Still’s disease showing marked accumulation in the liver and spleen, on positron emission tomography–CT images. Rheumatol Int 2008; 28:1061-4. [PMID: 18443796 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-008-0562-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Accepted: 03/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Funauchi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan.
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Yasuda S, Nakamura H, Karashima E, Ueda J, Nakaji G, Shimazu H, Hiramatsu SI, Odashiro K, Maruyama T, Kaji Y. Noncontact Mapping-Guided Catheter Ablation of Posterosuperior Right Atrial Tachycardia Associated with Sick Sinus Syndrome. J Arrhythm 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1880-4276(08)80005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
Lupus cystitis is a rare manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); it usually occurs in association with gastrointestinal manifestations. We report two cases of lupus cystitis without bladder irritation symptoms. Both cases developed severe abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea and showed no bladder irritation symptoms. The diagnosis of lupus cystitis was made by abdominal ultrasonography and bladder biopsy. The patients were treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone. Their symptoms were ameliorated, and hydroureteronephrosis improved. Thus, when a patient with SLE shows gastrointestinal symptoms, further examinations are required to determine whether the patient has lupus cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kinoshita
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama.
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Nakamura H, Nakaji G, Shimazu H, Yasuda S, Odashiro K, Maruyama T, Kaji Y, Chishaki A. Case of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation improved after the administration of proton pump inhibitor for associated reflux esophagitis. Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi 2007; 98:270-6. [PMID: 17665548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A 64-year-old man had demonstrated palpitations caused by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) documented by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. Effectiveness of antiarrhythmic agent (disopyramide: 300 mg/day) was limited. Based on the gastrointestinal endoscopic findings, proton pump inhibitor (PPI: rabeprazole, 10 mg/day) was administered to eliminate heart burn due to reflux esophagitis. Symptoms of paroxysmal AF and reflux esophagitis were confusing due to the anatomical proximity of the diseased organs and concomitant occurrence in the evening and when in a supine position. After the additional PPI therapy, not only was reflux esophagitis improved subjectively and endoscopically but also paroxysms of AF markedly reduced. Because esophagus is attached to left atrial posterior wall and the role of inflammatory process on the development of AF is highlighted, amelioration of reflux esophagitis by PPI may have been followed by the remarkable reduction of paroxysms of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Nakamura
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Yamada K, Goto S, Kuratsu JI, Matsuzaki K, Tamura T, Nagahiro S, Murase N, Shimazu H, Kaji R. Stereotactic surgery for subthalamic nucleus stimulation under general anesthesia: A retrospective evaluation of Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007; 13:101-7. [PMID: 17055325 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2006.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Revised: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We compared retrospectively the outcome of bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation in 15 patients with Parkinson's disease who underwent the procedure under general anesthesia (GA) with that achieved in 10 patients under local anesthesia (LA). At 3 months postoperatively, all cardinal parkinsonian motor symptoms, evaluated on Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale were significantly improved compared to preoperative baselines in both groups. The administration of GA did not adversely affect postoperative improvements in motor and daily activity scores, except for off-medication bradykinesia. Our results suggest that GA compares favorably with LA in surgical procedure for bilateral STN stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumichi Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto City 860-8556, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Ohta E, Funayama M, Ichinose H, Toyoshima I, Urano F, Matsuo M, Tomoko N, Yukihiko K, Yoshino S, Yokoyama H, Shimazu H, Maeda K, Hasegawa K, Obata F. Novel mutations in the guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 gene associated with DYT5 dystonia. Arch Neurol 2006; 63:1605-10. [PMID: 17101830 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.63.11.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To better understand the relationship between mutation of the guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GCH1) gene and the etiology of DYT5 dystonia and to accumulate data on the mutation in the Japanese population for genetic diagnosis of the disease. SETTING Japanese population. Patients Eight Japanese patients with suspected DYT5 dystonia were analyzed. Intervention Direct genomic sequencing of 6 exons of GCH1 was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES For patients who did not exhibit any abnormality in the sequence analysis, the possibility of exon deletions was examined. In cases for which cerebrospinal fluid was available, the concentrations of neopterin and biopterin were measured as an index of GCH1 enzyme activity. RESULTS In 2 patients, we found a new T106I mutation in exon 1 of GCH1, a position involved in the helix-turn-helix structure of the enzyme. In the third patient, we found a new mutation (a 15-base pair nucleotide deletion) in exon 5 that may cause a frameshift involving the active site. In the fourth patient, we detected a known nucleotide G>A substitution in the splice site of intron 5, which has been reported to produce exon 5-skipped messenger RNA. The concentrations of both neopterin and biopterin in the cerebrospinal fluid of the third and fourth patients were markedly lower than the normal range, indicating that the GCH1 enzyme was functionally abnormal in these mutations. Gene dosage analysis showed that the fifth patient had a deletion of both exon 3 and exon 4, whereas the sixth patient had a deletion of exon 3. CONCLUSIONS We found several novel, as well as known, GCH1 mutations in Japanese patients with DYT5 dystonia. In some of them, the GCH1 enzyme activity was proved to be impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuro Ohta
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Department of Neurology, National Sagamihara Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Kaji R, Tamiya G, Makino S, Shimazu H, Murase N, Sakamoto T, Tooyama I, Urushihara R. [Dystonia update]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2006; 46:962. [PMID: 17432233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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Goto S, Yamada K, Shimazu H, Murase N, Matsuzaki K, Tamura T, Nagahiro S, Kuratsu JI, Kaji R. Impact of bilateral pallidal stimulation on DYT1-generalized dystonia in Japanese patients. Mov Disord 2006; 21:1785-7. [PMID: 16830314 DOI: 10.1002/mds.21021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-onset generalized dystonia attributable to a DYT1 gene mutation is a hyperkinetic movement disorder that responds poorly to pharmacotherapy. In this video brief, we show that continuous bilateral stimulation of the globus pallidus internus produced sustained and marked improvements in the motor symptoms and functional disabilities of Japanese patients with DYT1-generalized dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Goto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Urushihara R, Murase N, Harada M, Hosono Y, Shimazu H, Kaji R. FC22.3 Mechanism of therapeutic effects of low-frequency monophasic rTMS over premotor cortex in writer’s cramp. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Murase N, Shimazu H, Urushihara R, Matsuzaki K, Nagahiro S, Yamada K, Goto S, Mima T, Nagamine T, Kaji R. FC37.2 Movement-related field potentials of dystonia recorded in the human pallidum. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nodera H, Bostock H, Izumi Y, Nakamura K, Urushihara R, Sakamoto T, Murase N, Shimazu H, Kusunoki S, Kaji R. Activity-dependent conduction block in multifocal motor neuropathy: Magnetic fatigue test. Neurology 2006; 67:280-7. [PMID: 16864821 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000225048.20239.e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is often misdiagnosed as motor neuron disease, especially when overt evidence of conduction block (CB) is lacking. Activity-dependent CB (ADCB), defined as transient CB induced by brief exercise, has been recently found in MMN but not in ALS. METHODS To test the diagnostic utility of ADCB for differentiating MMN from ALS, the authors recorded the compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) from small hand muscles by magnetically stimulating nerve roots before and after 1 minute of maximal voluntary contraction (magnetic fatigue test). They examined nine patients with MMN with unequivocal clinical responses to IV immunoglobulins (IVIgs), yet lacked CB according to the conventional criteria. RESULTS Six MMN patients had postexercise CB/temporal dispersion maximum in the immediate postexercise period. ADCB in an MMN patient improved after IVIg. Further analysis revealed that prolongation of the duration from the onset to the positive peak of the CMAP was the most sensitive indicator for MMN, presumably because the phase cancellation obscures the abnormalities of the other parameters. CONCLUSION The magnetic fatigue test is useful in detecting mild conduction block presumably located in a proximal nerve segment in patients with multifocal motor neuropathy who do not fulfill its conventional electrodiagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nodera
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
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Urushihara R, Murase N, Rothwell JC, Harada M, Hosono Y, Asanuma K, Shimazu H, Nakamura K, Chikahisa S, Kitaoka K, Sei H, Morita Y, Kaji R. Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied over the premotor cortex on somatosensory-evoked potentials and regional cerebral blood flow. Neuroimage 2006; 31:699-709. [PMID: 16466934 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2005] [Revised: 11/25/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) are attenuated by movement. This phenomenon of 'gating' reflects sensorimotor integration for motor control. The frontal N30 component after median nerve stimulation was shown to be reduced in amplitude prior to hand movement. To investigate the mechanism of this sensory gating, we recorded median SEPs immediately before and after application of monophasic very low-frequency (0.2 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of 250 stimuli over motor cortex (MC), premotor cortex (PMC), or supplementary motor area (SMA) in 9 healthy volunteers. The stimulus intensity for MC or PMC was set 85% of the resting motor threshold for the hand muscle, and that for SMA was at the active motor threshold for the leg muscle. SEPs showed significant increases in amplitudes of the frontal N30 component after PMC stimulation, but not after SMA or MC stimulation. Low-frequency (1 Hz) biphasic stimulation over PMC showed no significant N30 changes in 6 out of 9 subjects tested, indicating the effect being specific for 0.2 Hz monophasic stimulation. To examine the functional anatomy of the N30 change, single photon emission computed tomography was performed immediately before and after monophasic 0.2 Hz rTMS over PMC in all the 9 subjects. Regional cerebral blood flow showed significant increases mainly in PMC and prefrontal cortex, indicating the involvement of these cortical areas in sensory input gating for motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Urushihara
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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Yamada K, Goto S, Matsuzaki K, Tamura T, Murase N, Shimazu H, Nagahiro S, Kuratsu JI, Kaji R. Alleviation of camptocormia by bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in a patient with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2006; 12:372-5. [PMID: 16731023 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2005] [Revised: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Camptocormia, known also as "bent spine syndrome", is characterized by involuntary truncal flexion of the thoraco-lumbar spine that appears in the sitting or standing position. Although Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most frequent etiologic factor, this postural disorder responds poorly to levodopa or other medications. We report a PD patient in whom chronic bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation produced a striking alleviation of camptocormia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumichi Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
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Abstract
Recent evidence has suggested that theta-frequency (4–7 Hz) oscillations around the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and frontal cortex—that is, frontal midline theta (Fm theta) oscillations—may be involved in attentional processes in the brain. However, little is known about the physiological basis of Fm theta oscillations because invasive study in the human is allowed in only limited cases. In the present study, we developed a monkey model for Fm theta oscillations and located the generators of theta waves using electrodes implanted in various cortical areas. Monkeys were engaged in a self-initiated hand-movement task with a waiting period. The theta power in area 9 (the medial prefrontal cortex) and area 32 (the rostral ACC) was gradually increased from a few seconds before the movement and reached a peak immediately after the movement. When the movement was rewarded, the theta power attained a second peak, whereas it swiftly decreased in the unrewarded trials. Theta oscillations in areas 9 and 32 were coherent and phase locked together. This theta activity may be associated with “executive attention” including self-control, internal timing, and assessment of reward. It is probably a homologue of human Fm theta oscillations, as judged from the similar localization, corresponding frequency, and dependency on attentional processes. The monkey model would be useful for studying executive functions in the frontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Tsujimoto
- Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Yamada K, Goto S, Matsuzaki K, Nagahiro S, Murase N, Shimazu H, Kaji R, Kuratsu JI, Ushio Y. Psychiatric Symptoms and Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease. A Retrospective Study in Our Japanese Patients. Neuromodulation 2006; 9:107-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1403.2006.00054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ishikawa F, Shimazu H, Shultz LD, Fukata M, Nakamura R, Lyons B, Shimoda K, Shimoda S, Kanemaru T, Nakamura KI, Ito H, Kaji Y, Perry ACF, Harada M. Purified human hematopoietic stem cells contribute to the generation of cardiomyocytes through cell fusion. FASEB J 2006; 20:950-2. [PMID: 16585061 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-4863fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To obtain insights into the cardiomyogenic potential of hematopoietic tissue, we intravenously (i.v.) injected purified hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells into newborn recipients that may fully potentiate the developmental plasticity of stem cells. Transplantation of mouse bone marrow (BM) lineage antigen-negative (Lin-) cells resulted in the generation of the cells that displayed cardiomyocyte-specific antigenic profiles and contractile function when transplanted into syngeneic newborn recipients. To clarify the mechanism underlying the cardiomyogenic potential, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled BM Lin-ScaI+ hematopoietic progenitors were transplanted into neonatal mice constitutively expressing cyan fluorescence protein (CFP). Lambda image acquisition and linear unmixing analysis using confocal microscopy successfully separated GFP and CFP, and revealed that donor GFP+ cardiomyocytes coexpressed host-derived CFP. We further reconstituted human hemopoietic- and immune systems in mice by injecting human cord blood (CB)-derived Lin-CD34+CD38- hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into neonatal T cell(-)B cell(-)NK cell- immune-deficient NOD/SCID/IL2rgamma(null) mice. Fluoroescence in situ hybridization analysis of recipient cardiac tissues demonstrated that human and murine chromosomes were colocalized in the same cardiomyocytes, indicating that cell fusion occurred between human hematopoietic progeny and mouse cardiomyocytes. These syngeneic- and xenogeneic neonatal transplantations provide compelling evidence that hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells contribute to the postnatal generation of cardiomyocytes through cell fusion, not through transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Ishikawa
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Abstract
Basal ganglia encompass four to five distinct loops to allow parallel processing of information. Among them, the most intensively studied is the motor loop, which includes two distinct direct and indirect pathways. The direct pathway exerts facilitatory influence upon the motor cortex, whereas the indirect pathway exerts an inhibitory effect. Overall, this dual system provides a center(excitatory)-surround-(inhibitory) mechanism to focus its effect on selected cortical neurons, and several lines of evidence suggest that this center-surround mechanism is used to focus the output on a specific group of muscles required for performing a specific task. This operation is made possible through opening the sensory channel for the expected sensory feed-back afferents during movement. Thus, one of the important functions of basal ganglia seems to be the gating of sensory input for motor control. Dystonia may be caused by a mismatch between sensory input versus motor output, and parkinsonism may be viewed as a disorder of gain control of this sensorimotor integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Kaji
- Dept. of Neurology Institute of Health Bioscience, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan.
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