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Nishikage S, Fujisawa A, Endoh H, Sakamoto H, Suzuki T, Kanzawa M, Ishii S, Okano M, Nitta E, Yakushijin K, Asakura H, Nozu K, Nitta R, Katayama Y, Sakaguchi K. Amyloid deposition through endocytosis in vascular endothelial cells. Exp Hematol 2024; 129:104129. [PMID: 37952890 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
No mechanistic lead is known for establishing AL amyloid deposits in organs. We here report an electron microscopic (EM) analysis in a case of intestinal AL amyloidosis before initiating treatment for amyloidosis. The dense deposits of amyloid fibrils are concentrated around the small blood vessels in the submucosal area of intestinal tissue. Surprisingly, we observed endothelial cells (ECs) of blood vessels containing plenty of endocytotic (pinocytotic) and transcytotic vesicles at the luminal side and above the basement membrane, indicating the one-way active trafficking of either the immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain or preassembled amyloid fibrils from the luminal side of ECs to the extraluminal area of ECs. Immunoelectron microscopy displayed that the immuno-gold signals were observed in the vascular cavity and the subendothelial area of amyloid deposits. However, there is no sign of an Ig light chain in pinocytotic vesicles. Therefore, the intestinal ECs may actively pump out mainly the preassembled amyloid fibrils (not light chains) from the blood stream into the subendothelial area as a physiologic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Nishikage
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Fujisawa
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiromi Endoh
- Division of Structural Medicine and Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sakamoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomohide Suzuki
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Maki Kanzawa
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ishii
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Okano
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Eriko Nitta
- Division of Structural Medicine and Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Yakushijin
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hidesaku Asakura
- Department of Hematology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kandai Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryo Nitta
- Division of Structural Medicine and Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katayama
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Sakaguchi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.
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Komori S, Saito Y, Nishimura T, Respatika D, Endoh H, Yoshida H, Sugihara R, Iida-Norita R, Afroj T, Takai T, Oduori OS, Nitta E, Kotani T, Murata Y, Kaneko Y, Nitta R, Ohnishi H, Matozaki T. CD47 promotes peripheral T cell survival by preventing dendritic cell-mediated T cell necroptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304943120. [PMID: 37549290 PMCID: PMC10440595 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304943120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are required for peripheral T cell homeostasis in lymphoid organs, but the molecular mechanism underlying this requirement has remained unclear. We here show that T cell-specific CD47-deficient (Cd47 ΔT) mice have a markedly reduced number of T cells in peripheral tissues. Direct interaction of CD47-deficient T cells with cDCs resulted in activation of the latter cells, which in turn induced necroptosis of the former cells. The deficiency and cell death of T cells in Cd47 ΔT mice required expression of its receptor signal regulatory protein α on cDCs. The development of CD4+ T helper cell-dependent contact hypersensitivity and inhibition of tumor growth by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells were both markedly impaired in Cd47 ΔT mice. CD47 on T cells thus likely prevents their necroptotic cell death initiated by cDCs and thereby promotes T cell survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Komori
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0047, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Taichi Nishimura
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Datu Respatika
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
- Division of Reconstruction, Oculoplasty, and Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta55281, Indonesia
| | - Hiromi Endoh
- Division of Structural Medicine and Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshida
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Risa Sugihara
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Rie Iida-Norita
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Tania Afroj
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0047, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takai
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0047, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Okechi S. Oduori
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0047, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Eriko Nitta
- Division of Structural Medicine and Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoriaki Kaneko
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma371-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Nitta
- Division of Structural Medicine and Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma371-8514, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0047, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe650-0017, Japan
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3
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Takechi H, Endoh H, Hata Y, Wasamoto S, Yanagisawa S. Osimertinib-induced lymphocytopenia and pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Pulmonology 2022; 28:403-405. [PMID: 35701337 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Takechi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center, 3400-28 Nakagomi, Saku-city, Nagano 385-0051, Japan
| | - H Endoh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center, 3400-28 Nakagomi, Saku-city, Nagano 385-0051, Japan
| | - Y Hata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center, 3400-28 Nakagomi, Saku-city, Nagano 385-0051, Japan
| | - S Wasamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center, 3400-28 Nakagomi, Saku-city, Nagano 385-0051, Japan
| | - S Yanagisawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center, 3400-28 Nakagomi, Saku-city, Nagano 385-0051, Japan.
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Mori M, Yao T, Mishina T, Endoh H, Tanaka M, Yonezawa N, Shimamoto Y, Yonemura S, Yamagata K, Kitajima TS, Ikawa M. RanGTP and the actin cytoskeleton keep paternal and maternal chromosomes apart during fertilization. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202012001. [PMID: 34424312 PMCID: PMC8404465 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202012001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Zygotes require two accurate sets of parental chromosomes, one each from the mother and the father, to undergo normal embryogenesis. However, upon egg-sperm fusion in vertebrates, the zygote has three sets of chromosomes, one from the sperm and two from the egg. The zygote therefore eliminates one set of maternal chromosomes (but not the paternal chromosomes) into the polar body through meiosis, but how the paternal chromosomes are protected from maternal meiosis has been unclear. Here we report that RanGTP and F-actin dynamics prevent egg-sperm fusion in proximity to maternal chromosomes. RanGTP prevents the localization of Juno and CD9, egg membrane proteins that mediate sperm fusion, at the cell surface in proximity to maternal chromosomes. Following egg-sperm fusion, F-actin keeps paternal chromosomes away from maternal chromosomes. Disruption of these mechanisms causes the elimination of paternal chromosomes during maternal meiosis. This study reveals a novel critical mechanism that prevents aneuploidy in zygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mori
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory for Chromosome Segregation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Yao
- Research and Development Center, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tappei Mishina
- Laboratory for Chromosome Segregation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiromi Endoh
- Laboratory for Ultrastructural Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahito Tanaka
- Physics and Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics & Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nao Yonezawa
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuta Shimamoto
- Physics and Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics & Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yonemura
- Laboratory for Ultrastructural Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamagata
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tomoya S. Kitajima
- Laboratory for Chromosome Segregation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Kobayashi M, Takakura M, Kakazu K, Gredzuk S, Masuzawa T, Kyan A, Ganaha Y, Endoh H. Study of factors related to social and emotional skills in early childhood in Japan. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There are numerous reports that social and emotional skills in early childhood have profound influence on lifelong health. The aim of this research is to determine the relation between the lifestyle and the social and emotional skills among children in present day Japan.
Methods
The object of analysis was a total of 110 parents of kindergarten students (56 boys, 48 girls,6 gender unknown) from 3 kindergartens in central Okinawa Island. The survey was conducted in mid-December 2019. Regarding the content of the survey, parents were asked to answer on a five-point scale, based on their subjective opinion, how good is their child, as compared to other children, in each of the 9 sub-scales of the social and emotional skills proposed in the 2015 OECD report, namely “perseverance,” “self-control,” “passion for goals,” “sociability,” “respect,” “caring,” “self-esteem,” “optimism,” “confidence.” Additionally, other question items were set, mainly to ask about the child's own lifestyle.
Results
The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis are following. As for “achieving goals:” 3 items for perseverance - “there are few likes and dislikes about food (OR:2.67, 95%CI:1.03~6.94, p=.043),” “Time for playing games on smartphone is determined (OR:3.21, 95%CI:1.19~8.68, p=.021),” “Eat more fruits (OR:3.03, 95%CI:1.24~8.26, p=.016),” are statistically significant. [Other results are omitted in this abstract]
Conclusions
It became clear that the acquisition of social and emotional skills during early childhood generally involves regular lifestyle and “discipline” at home as a whole. Besides, it is important for parent and child to do various activities together, including those aiming to increase cognitive skills. This study is considered to be a powerful evidence for the development of future intervention programme, aimed at acquiring social and emotional skills in early childhood.
Key messages
In early childhood family and kindergarten have to cooperate to foster social and emotional skills, important for lifelong health. This study is considered to be a powerful evidence for the development of future intervention programme, aimed at acquiring social and emotional skills in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kobayashi
- Faculty of Education, Bunkyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Takakura
- Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - K Kakazu
- Faculty of Humanities, Okinawa University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - S Gredzuk
- Faculty of Humanities, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - T Masuzawa
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - A Kyan
- Faculty of Department of Childhood Education, Okinawa Women's Junior College, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Y Ganaha
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Okinawa University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - H Endoh
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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6
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Mitobe Y, Koyama Y, Sakai S, Uchiyama M, Abeywickrama H, Yamada E, Ohashi K, Kikuchi Y, Nitta M, Honda T, Endoh H. PT01.6: Sketetal Muscle Index at ICU (Intensive Care Unit) Admission is Valid for Predicting the Progression of ICU-Acquired Weakness (ICU-AW) for Septic Patients. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32546-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Aoki N, Endoh H, Baba J, Kosugi Y, Iida M, Iwai T, Tohnai I. Methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorder considered as neck metastatic cancer: a case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Takeda M, Yoshida H, Endoh H, Hashimoto H. High resolution electron microscope observations of microstructures in A15 type Nb3X superconductors. J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1988.tb04621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Endoh H, Hisakabe M, Kojima Y, Kakimuma F, Tsuchiya Y. Two melts phase separation in the liquid Sb-Sb 2S 3system: critical sound wave propagation and metal-non-metal transition. EPJ Web of Conferences 2011. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20111501019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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11
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Maruya J, Endoh H, Watanabe H, Motoyama H, Abe H. Rapid improvement of diffusion-weighted imaging abnormalities after glucose infusion in hypoglycaemic coma. BMJ Case Rep 2009; 2009:bcr07.2008.0514. [PMID: 21686769 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.07.2008.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) may detect hyperintense lesions in patients with transient hypoglycaemia-induced hemiparesis or coma, which are completely reversible after glucose infusion.1(-)3 In vivo animal studies have documented the visualisation of such hypoglycaemia-induced changes of signal intensity and the reversal by glucose intake in detail.4 However, the time necessary for hyperintense lesions on DWI to disappear after glucose infusion in humans is still unclear. A 54 year old woman presented comatose with brain stem signs and severe hypoglycaemia. DWI demonstrated hyperintense lesions in the corpus callosum and internal capsules. She was treated with IV glucose. These lesions had resolved significantly on imaging 2 hours later and completely resolved on repeat imaging 2 days later. This report documents the time course of recovery of neurological lesions induced by hypoglycaemia after treatment with IV glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Maruya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cardio-Neuro Vascular Center, Tachikawa General Hospital, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan
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12
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Miura M, Wakayama Y, Endoh H, Nakano M, Sugai Y, Hirose M, ter Keurs HE, Shimokawa H. Spatial non-uniformity of excitation-contraction coupling can enhance arrhythmogenic-delayed afterdepolarizations in rat cardiac muscle. Cardiovasc Res 2008; 80:55-61. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Maruya J, Endoh H, Watanabe H, Motoyama H, Abe H. Rapid improvement of diffusion-weighted imaging abnormalities after glucose infusion in hypoglycaemic coma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78:102-3. [PMID: 17172575 PMCID: PMC2117772 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.096776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Ajika N, Endoh H, Hashimoto H, Tomita M, Yoshida H. Interpretation of atomic-resolution electron microscope images of Guiner-Preston zones in aluminium-copper alloys. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618508245284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Mitsudomi T, Kosaka T, Endoh H, Yoshida K, Hida T, Tsuboi M, Tada H, Kuwano H, Yatabe Y. Mutational analysis of the EGFR gene in lung cancer with acquired resistance to gefitinib. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.7074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7074 Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is usually highly sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), gefitinib or erlotinib. However, it is common to develop acquired resistance to TKI after presenting an initial striking response. It has been reported that secondary mutation of threonine to methionine at codon 790 (T790M) of the EGFR gene is related to this acquired resistance. Methods: We sequenced exons 18–21 of the EGFR gene in 14 NSCLC patients exhibiting acquired resistance to gefitinib following the initial good response. This region of the EGFR gene corresponds with that of the ABL gene where various secondary mutations have been reported in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with acquired resistance to imatinib. To raise sensitivity of the assay, we also subcloned the PCR products into plasmids and sequenced, or we used CyCleave method (real-time PCR combined with fluorescence labeled mutant specific probe) in addition to usual sequencing. We also searched for secondary K-ras mutations. Results: All the 14 patients had activating mutations of the EGFR gene (9 with exon 19 deletions, 5 with L858R). In addition, we found that 7 of 14 patients had a T790M mutation, but there were not any other novel secondary mutations. In these seven patients, T790M mutant bands were smaller than wild-type bands. Patients with T790M tended to be never smoking female, but there was no difference in the period of gefitinib administration by the presence or absence of T790M. We could not detect any T790M in tumors before gefitinib treatment at the sensitivity of 1%. There were no patients with acquired mutation of the K-ras gene. Conclusions: Secondary T790M mutation of the EGFR gene accounted for half of the cases with acquired resistance to gefitinib. Unlike the cases with CML, various kinds of secondary mutations were not likely to exist in the EGFR gene as a mechanism of acquired resistance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Mitsudomi
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Kosaka
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Endoh
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - K. Yoshida
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Hida
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - M. Tsuboi
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Tada
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Kuwano
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y. Yatabe
- Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Osaka Ciy General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Tobe I, Ishida Y, Tanaka M, Endoh H, Fujioka T, Nakamura S. Effects of repeated maternal stress on FOS expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of fetal rats. Neuroscience 2005; 134:387-95. [PMID: 15961245 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Revised: 02/28/2005] [Accepted: 04/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of repeated prenatal stress with different severity (restraint and immobilization) on Fos expression in the maternal and fetal hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were examined in rats. Acute stress treatment was performed for 30 min on gestational day 21, and repeated stress treatment for 30 min daily for 5 days from gestational days 17-21. In the parvocellular region of the maternal PVN, the stress-induced increases in the number of Fos-immunoreactive neurons were smaller in the repeated stress groups than the acute stress groups, indicating an adaptation of Fos expression to repeated stress. The attenuated Fos expression observed in the maternal PVN following repeated mild stress did not occur in the fetal PVN. In contrast, repeated immobilization stress caused a much smaller increase in Fos expression in the fetal PVN than did acute immobilization stress. The reduced Fos expression in the fetal PVN following repeated severe stress was thought to be due to cell death, since the fetal PVN in the chronic immobilization group revealed a reduction in the total number of cells and an increase in the number of apoptotic cells. In the female but not male fetuses, repeated restraint stress induced a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the PVN. These findings suggest that the fetal PVN shows no adaptation of Fos expression to repeated maternal stress, but great vulnerability to cell death, including apoptosis. In addition, stress-induced apoptosis may more easily occur in the fetal PVN in females than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tobe
- Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami-Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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Ohashi S, Endoh H, Honda T, Komura N, Satoh K. Cerebral air embolism complicating percutaneous thin-needle biopsy of the lung: complete neurological recovery after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. J Anesth 2003; 15:233-6. [PMID: 14569441 DOI: 10.1007/s005400170008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ohashi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8150, Japan
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19
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Fujioka T, Fujioka A, Endoh H, Sakata Y, Furukawa S, Nakamura S. Materno-fetal coordination of stress-induced Fos expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus during pregnancy. Neuroscience 2003; 118:409-15. [PMID: 12699777 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates whether maternal stress during pregnancy induces maternal and fetal hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neuronal activation and the effects of maternal stress on fetal hypothalamic and PVN brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Pregnant rats were exposed to three types of maternal stress with varying severity (restraint, forced walking and immobilization) for 30 min on gestational day 21. Severity of stress was assessed by measurement of maternal plasma corticosterone 30 min following the stimulus. Maternal plasma corticosterone increased in each stress response group (immobilization>forced walking>restraint). Further, the expression of Fos protein, a marker of neuronal activation, increased in the fetal and maternal PVN in direct relation to the severity of stress treatments. Forced walking and immobilized stress, but not restraint stress, significantly increased BDNF expression in the fetal hypothalamus.These findings suggest that the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response following maternal stress mirrors maternal HPA activation. In addition, BDNF may play a role in protecting fetal brain neurons from damage caused by severe stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fujioka
- Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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20
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Abstract
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is common in a variety of eucaryotes, from unicellular protozoa to vertebrates. The ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila has a unique apoptosis-like nuclear death during conjugation, called programmed nuclear death. This death program involves nuclear condensation (pyknosis) and oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in the parental macronucleus. Subsequently, the condensed nucleus is entirely resorbed in the autophagosome. Here we demonstrate that caspase-8- and -9-like activity was detected, but no caspase-3-like activity, by in vitro assay during the nuclear resorption process, suggesting that caspase-like activity is associated with both programmed cell death and apoptosis-like nuclear death in Tetrahymena. The use of indicator dye to detect the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential suggested the uptake of mitochondria and the degenerating macronucleus by the autophagosome. An involvement of mitochondria in the programmed nuclear death is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kobayashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Japan
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21
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Yamanome T, Sasoh M, Kubo Y, Nishikawa Y, Endoh H, Satoh N, Ogawa A. Transcranial Doppler enhanced thrombolysis for embolic occlusion of major cerebral arteries. Interv Neuroradiol 2003; 9:129-32. [PMID: 20591241 DOI: 10.1177/15910199030090s117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2003] [Accepted: 02/06/2003] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY For the treatment of 11 patients with hyperacute embolic occlusion of major cerebral arteries (ten with occlusion of middle cerebral artery and one with occlusion of basilar artery), TCDenhanced thrombolysis (TCDET) was performed in combination with ultrasound irradiation, using diagnostic transcranial Doppler (TCD) (TC2-64B: 2MHz, 100mW/cm(2), pulsed wave) (TCDET group), and the effectiveness of this procedure was compared with that of local intra-arterial fibrinolysis (LIF) in 45 patients with embolic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (LIF group). Regarding dose of TPA, the LIF group used 1046.7 +/- 607.8 units and the TCDET group 700.0 +/- 431.3 units (p < 0.05). Regarding time technically required to attain recanalization, the LIF group required 68.2 minutes, and the TCDET group 28.6 minutes. A good outcome was noted in 60.8% of the LIF group and 64% of the TCDET group. Haemorrhagic transformation was observed in 7.8% of the LIF group and in 0% of the TCDET group. No complications due to TCD irradiation were observed in the TCDET group. These findings suggest that TCDET can be an effective method of achieving recanalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamanome
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Prefectural Ofunato Hospital; Iwate, Japan
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22
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Hamamoto N, Ashizawa N, Niigaki M, Kaji T, Katsube T, Endoh H, Watanabe M, Sumi S, Kinoshita Y. Morphological changes in the rat exocrine pancreas after pancreatic duct ligation. Histol Histopathol 2002; 17:1033-41. [PMID: 12371130 DOI: 10.14670/hh-17.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, morphological changes of the exocrine pancreas in rats after pancreatic duct ligation were examined with light microscopy (hematoxylin-eosin, TUNEL, and PCNA staining) and scanning electron microscopy in order to elucidate the effects of increased pancreatic duct pressure. On the fifth day after pancreatic duct ligation, ductular proliferation, periductal fibrosis, and disappearance of acini were observed. TUNEL and PCNA staining demonstrated many apoptotic acinar cells and proliferating ductal cells immediately after ligation, which reached a maximal number on the 2nd or 3rd day. Tortuous or helical interlobular pancreatic ducts with inner surfaces containing many crater-like depressions and long cilia were found after ligation. These changes were almost identical to those observed in the pancreatic tissue of model chronic pancreatitis rats, WBN/Kob rats, and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) rats. In summary, the morphological changes observed after pancreatic duct ligation were similar to those of chronic pancreatitis, therefore, the characteristic changes of pancreatic ducts observed in chronic pancreatitis may be caused by increased pancreatic duct pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hamamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Shimane Medical University, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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23
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Endoh H, Honda T, Ohashi S, Hida S. [Cerebral autoregulation during sevoflurane or isoflurane anesthesia: evaluation with transient hyperemic response]. Masui 2001; 50:1316-21. [PMID: 11797358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigated dynamic cerebral autoregulation during N2O-O2/fentanyl anesthesia (baseline) plus 1.0 and 2.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentrations (MAC) of sevoflurane or isoflurane anesthesia in 14 patients undergoing non-neurosurgical operation. Cerebral blood flow velocity in the right middle cerebral artery (Vmca) was measured continuously using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. At normocapnia, dynamic cerebral autoregulation was tested by transient hyperemic response (a response of Vmca after a brief compression of the ipsilateral common carotid artery). For quantitative comparisons, ratio of systolic Vmca before, to immediately after compression (THRR) was calculated. Values of THRR were 1.14 +/- 0.03 (mean +/- SD), 1.15 +/- 0.04, and 1.12 +/- 0.03 during baseline, 1.0, and 2.0 MAC sevoflurane anesthesia, respectively. THRR was not significantly different among the 3 conditions. In contrast, THRR values were 1.17 +/- 0.03, 1.07 +/- 0.02, and 1.01 +/- 0.01 during baseline, 1.0, and 2.0 MAC isoflurane anesthesia, respectively. THRR was significantly attenuated in a dose dependent manner during isoflurane anesthesia. These results indicate that dynamic cerebral autoregulation is preserved during 2.0 MAC sevoflurane anesthesia, but not during 1.0 MAC isoflurane anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Department of Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata 951-8520
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24
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Endoh H, Kato N, Fujii S, Suzuki Y, Sato S, Kayama T, Kotake Y, Yoshimura T. Spin trapping agent, phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone, reduces nitric oxide production in the rat brain during experimental meningitis. Free Radic Res 2001; 35:583-91. [PMID: 11767416 DOI: 10.1080/10715760100301591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) is a spin trapping agent previously shown to exert a neuroprotective effect in infant rat brain during bacterial meningitis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of systemic PBN administration on nitric oxide (NO) production in a rat model of experimental meningitis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We assessed the NO concentration in rat brain tissues with an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) NO trapping technique. In this model, rats receiving intracisternal LPS administration showed symptoms of meningitis and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. The time course study indicated that the concentration of NO in the brain reached the maximum level 8.5 h after injection of LPS, and returned to the control level 24 h after the injection. When various doses of PBN (125-400 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally 30 min prior to LPS, NO production in the brain was reduced with increasing PBN dose (250 mg/kg suppressed 80% at 8.5 h after LPS injection), and white blood cells (WBC) in CSF were significantly decreased. We concluded that reduction of NO generation during bacterial meningitis contributes to the neuroprotective effect of PBN in addition to its possible direct scavenging of reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Institute for Life Support Technology, Yamagata Public Corporation for the Development of Industry, 2-2-1 Matsuei, Yamagata 990-2473, Japan
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25
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Endoh H, Honda T, Ohashi S, Hida S, Shibue C, Komura N. The influence of nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1 on dynamic cerebral autoregulation in adult patients during propofol and fentanyl anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 2001; 56:947-52. [PMID: 11576096 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.02225.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated dynamic cerebral autoregulation in 24 normocapnic adult patients during propofol and fentanyl anaesthesia. Hypotension was induced, to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 60-65 mmHg, using nitroglycerin or prostaglandin E1. Time-averaged mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the right middle cerebral artery was measured continuously using transcranial Doppler sonography. Dynamic autoregulatory response was activated by a sudden decrease in MAP following release of bilateral thigh cuffs (thigh cuff test) and evaluated as a dynamic rate of autoregulation (dRoR in % x s(-1)). The cuff test was repeated to obtain two values of dRoR during baseline and during induced hypotension; the data were then averaged. The mean value of dRoR during baseline and during induced hypotension was 14.2 (2.9) and 14.2 (1.6) % x s(-1), respectively, in the nitroglycerin group, and 14.6 (2.6) and 14.4 (2.4) % x s(-1), in the prostaglandin E1 group. We were unable to demonstrate significant between- or within-group differences in dRoR. Thus, we conclude that nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1 do not attenuate dynamic cerebral autoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Department of Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8520, Japan.
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26
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Endoh H, Honda T, Ohashi S, Hida S, Shibue C, Komura N. The influence of nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E 1
on dynamic cerebral autoregulation in adult patients during propofol and fentanyl anaesthesia*. Anaesthesia 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2001.02225.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Yahata T, Shao W, Endoh H, Hur J, Coser KR, Sun H, Ueda Y, Kato S, Isselbacher KJ, Brown M, Shioda T. Selective coactivation of estrogen-dependent transcription by CITED1 CBP/p300-binding protein. Genes Dev 2001; 15:2598-612. [PMID: 11581164 PMCID: PMC312794 DOI: 10.1101/gad.906301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
CITED1, a CBP/p300-binding nuclear protein that does not bind directly to DNA, is a transcriptional coregulator. Here, we show evidence that CITED1 functions as a selective coactivator for estrogen-dependent transcription. When transfected, CITED1 enhanced transcriptional activation by the ligand-binding/AF2 domain of both estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) and ERbeta in an estrogen-dependent manner, but it affected transcriptional activities of other nuclear receptors only marginally. CITED1 bound directly to ERalpha in an estrogen-dependent manner through its transactivating domain, and this binding activity was separable from its p300-binding activity. CITED1 was strongly expressed in nulliparous mouse mammary epithelial cells and, when expressed in ER-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells by transduction, exogenous CITED1 enhanced sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to estrogen, stabilizing the estrogen-dependent interaction between p300 and ERalpha. The estrogen-induced expression of the transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) mRNA transcript was enhanced in the CITED1-expressing MCF-7 cells, whereas estrogen-induced expression of the mRNA transcripts for progesterone receptor or pS2 was not affected. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that endogenous CITED1 is recruited to the chromosomal TGF-alpha promoter in MCF-7 cells in an estrogen-dependent manner but not to the pS2 promoter. These results suggest that CITED1 may play roles in regulation of estrogen sensitivity in a gene-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yahata
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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28
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Tanada M, Takashima S, Endoh H, Hyoudou I, Jinno K, Kataoka M. [Multimodal treatment including intraoperative irradiation for advanced pancreatic cancer with extended metastasis]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2001; 28:1681-3. [PMID: 11708008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
From January 1987 to December 1999, we treated 11 advanced pancreatic cancer patients with extended metastasis with multimodal treatment. Two patients received external radiation therapy (ERT) and systemic chemotherapy, 1 received intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) and ERT and arterial infusion chemotherapy (AIC), 2 received IORT and AIC, 4 received only IORT, 2 received only AIC, and 15 did not receive any of these treatments. There was a significant difference in the survival rate between treatment and no treatment cases (median survival of 177 days and 109 days, respectively) (p = 0.04). A significant difference in the survival rate was also observed between IORT cases and no treatment cases (median survival of 212 days and 109 days, respectively) (p = 0.02). However, there was no significant difference in the survival rate between AIC cases and no treatment cases (median survival of 177 days and 109 days, respectively) (p = 0.10). Therefore, our experience suggests that multimodal treatment including intraoperative irradiation is effective for advanced pancreatic cancer patients with extended metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tanada
- Dept. of Surgery, National Shikoku Cancer Center Hospital
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29
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Endoh H, Honda T, Oohashi S, Nagata Y, Shibue C, Shimoji K. Continuous intra-jugular venous blood-gas monitoring with the Paratrend 7 during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Br J Anaesth 2001; 87:223-8. [PMID: 11493493 DOI: 10.1093/bja/87.2.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We measured the accuracy of the continuous intra-vascular blood-gas monitoring system (Paratrend 7, PT7) placed in the jugular venous bulb in 18 adult patients having cardiac or aortic surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). After induction of anaesthesia, a PT7 sensor was inserted through a 20-gauge venous catheter into the right jugular venous bulb. Blood samples were drawn from the venous catheter and measured with a blood gas analyser (BGA). Five to eight paired measurements using the PT7 and blood samples were made per patient, and bias and precision were calculated for each patient using the Bland-Altman method. The ranges for the blood sample measurements were: pH 7.12 to 7.59, PCO(2) 3.7 to 9.6 kPa, PO(2) 3.5 to 16.0 kPa, oxygen saturation 40 to 99%, bicarbonate 18.6 to 34.4 mmol l(-1), and base excess -7.8 to 12.5 mmol l(-1). Bias and precision values were 0.014/0.071 for pH, 0/0.90 kPa for PCO(2), and -0.16/1.18 kPa for PO(2). These values were comparable with those previously made on arterial blood. However, precision for oxygen saturation in each patient varied 2.3 to 23.6% (95% CI: 6.3 to 12.9%), which was unsatisfactory for clinical measurements. Deep hypothermia ( approximately 19.6 degrees C) and marked haemodilution ( approximately 13.5%) during CPB did not influence the reliability of the PT7 sensor. Thus, we concluded that continuous intra-jugular venous blood-gas monitoring is clinically feasible using the PT7 and may provide valuable information during CPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8150, Japan
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30
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Abstract
A 19-year-old woman presented with clinical manifestations of sudden, fulminant thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with autoimmune hepatitis and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Although thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura may, rarely, be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases, to our knowledge, the syndrome has never been described in association with autoimmune hepatitis. In this patient, too, the etiology of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with autoimmune disease remains elusive. The patient was treated with corticosteroid, which brought about no improvement in her condition, and she died of multiorgan failure. Diagnosis is challenging, but prompt diagnosis is necessary because thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a life-threatening syndrome whose prognosis has been improved significantly by early plasmapheresis treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Hepatitis, Autoimmune/complications
- Hepatitis, Autoimmune/diagnostic imaging
- Hepatitis, Autoimmune/drug therapy
- Humans
- Plasmapheresis/methods
- Platelet Count/methods
- Prednisone/therapeutic use
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/complications
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/diagnostic imaging
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy
- Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic/complications
- Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic/diagnosis
- Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic/therapy
- Ultrasonography
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shibuya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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31
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Endoh H, Walhout AJ, Vidal M. A green fluorescent protein-based reverse two-hybrid system: application to the characterization of large numbers of potential protein-protein interactions. Methods Enzymol 2001; 328:74-88. [PMID: 11075339 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(00)28391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MGH Cancer Center, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
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32
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Endoh H, Honda T, Ohashi S, Shimoji K. Naloxone improves arterial blood pressure and hypoxic ventilatory depression, but not survival, of rats during acute hypoxia. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:623-7. [PMID: 11373431 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200103000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of naloxone and morphine during acute hypoxia. DESIGN Prospective, randomized animal study. SETTING University laboratory. SUBJECTS Twenty-eight adult male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 300-350 g. INTERVENTIONS The rats were implanted with a femoral catheter and subcutaneous electrodes for electrocardiogram recording and were randomly assigned to receive morphine (5 mg/kg), naloxone (5 mg and 10 mg/kg), or normal saline (control) (n = 7 in each). Fifteen minutes after intraperitoneal injection of the drug, each rat was exposed to hypoxic gas (5% oxygen, 95% N2) for 70 mins. Hypoxic survival time was measured. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), arterial pH, Paco2, Pao2, and base excess were measured before injection (baseline), 14 mins after injection (H0), and 6 mins (H1), 33 mins (H2), and 48 mins (H3) after exposure to hypoxia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Hypoxic survival was similar between the naloxone 5 mg/kg and control groups (p = .183), significantly lower in the naloxone 10 mg/kg group (p < .01), and significantly higher in the morphine 5 mg/kg group (p < .05) compared with controls. MAP significantly decreased in all groups. However, at H2-H3, MAP was better preserved in both naloxone groups and was lower in the morphine group compared with controls. Paco2 was maintained higher at H0-H3 in the morphine group and lower at H2-H3 in both naloxone groups compared with controls. CONCLUSION During acute hypoxia, naloxone preserves arterial blood pressure and attenuates hypoxic ventilatory depression by antagonizing endogenous opiates, but it does not improve hypoxic survival. In contrast, morphine, which enhances the action of endogenous opiates, does improve hypoxic survival. The acute hypoxic tolerance of morphine may be partly attributable to a depression of oxygen consumption, increased cerebral blood flow secondary to high Paco2, and protective actions mediated by delta-opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Department of Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
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33
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Endoh H, Kaneko T, Nakamura H, Doi K, Takahashi E. Improved cardiac contractile functions in hypoxia-reoxygenation in rats treated with low concentration Co(2+). Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279:H2713-9. [PMID: 11087225 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.6.h2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An intracellular mechanism that senses decreases in tissue oxygen level and stimulates hypoxia-related gene expression has been reported in various cell types including the cardiac cell. The mechanism can also be activated by Co(2+) in normoxia. Thus we investigated the effects of prior chronic oral CoCl(2) on mechanical functions of isolated, perfused rat hearts in hypoxia-reoxygenation. In normoxic rats, 43 days of Co(2+) administration increased hematocrit from 45 +/- 0.3% (control, n = 18) to 51 +/- 0.6% (n = 19). In hypoxia and reoxygenation, Co(2+)-pretreated hearts exhibited a significantly higher rate-pressure product (267 and 163%, respectively) and coronary flow (127 and 118%, respectively) and lower end-diastolic pressure (72 and 60%, respectively) compared with the control hearts. Although the oral Co(2+) administration significantly raised myocardial Co(2+) concentration, it did not affect mitochondrial respiration, tissue glycogen concentration, or myocardial tissue histology. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, aldolase-A, and glucose transporter-1 mRNA were significantly elevated in the Co(2+)-treated myocardium. We conclude that cardiac contractile functions would gain hypoxic tolerance when the endogenous cellular oxygen-sensing mechanism is activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Department of Physiology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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Ichikawa T, Endoh H, Hotta K, Ishihara K. The mucin biosynthesis stimulated by epidermal growth factor occurs in surface mucus cells, but not in gland mucus cells, of rat stomach. Life Sci 2000; 67:1095-101. [PMID: 10954043 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although epidermal growth factor (EGF) accelerates gastric mucin biosynthesis, information on whether its activation is limited to the specific mucus-producing cells is lacking. In this paper, we investigated the effects of EGF on mucin biosynthesis and the expression of its receptor in distinct layers of rat gastric mucosa, including the possible participation of nitric oxide (NO). EGF enhanced the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine and [14C]threonine into the mucin in the full-thickness tissues of the gastric mucosa. This stimulation disappeared on the removal treatment of the surface mucosal layer chiefly consisting of surface mucus cells. The EGF-induced increase in [3H]-labeled mucin in the full-thickness mucosa was not suppressed by either NG-nitro-L-arginine (10(-5) M) or 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (10(-5) M). The EGF-receptor-mRNA expression was high in the surface mucosal layer but low in the deep and muscle layers of the stomach. These results suggest that EGF-induced stimulation of mucin biosynthesis is limited to the surface mucus cells of the rat gastric mucosa and is independent of the NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ichikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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35
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Endoh H, Honda T, Komura N, Shibue C, Watanabe I, Shimoji K. The effects of nicardipine on dynamic cerebral autoregulation in patients anesthetized with propofol and fentanyl. Anesth Analg 2000; 91:642-6. [PMID: 10960392 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200009000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We investigated the effects of nicardipine on dynamic cerebral pressure autoregulation in 13 normal adult patients undergoing gynecologic or orthopedic surgery. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol and fentanyl. Hypotension to a mean arterial pressure of 60-65 mm Hg was induced and maintained with a continuous infusion of nicardipine. Time-averaged mean blood flow velocity in the right middle cerebral artery was measured continuously by using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. The cerebral autoregulatory responses were activated by releasing thigh cuffs. The actual blood flow velocity in the right middle cerebral artery response to acute change in mean arterial pressure was fitted to 1 of 10 computer-generated curves to determine the dynamic rate of cerebral autoregulation (dRoR), and the best fitting curve was used. The autoregulation test was repeated until two values of dRoR were obtained at baseline and during induced hypotension. Nicardipine significantly reduced dRoR values of 13.1% +/- 3.6%/s at baseline to 8.3% +/- 2.6%/s during hypotension (P: < 0.01). During deliberate hypotension induced by nicardipine, the cerebral dynamic autoregulatory response is impaired in normal adult patients. IMPLICATIONS During deliberate hypotension induced by nicardipine, the cerebral dynamic autoregulatory response is impaired in normal adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Departments of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine and Anesthesiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Shiotani S, Sugimura K, Sugihara M, Kawamitsu H, Yamauchi M, Yoshida M, Kushima T, Kinoshita T, Endoh H, Nakayama H, Kajitani M, Wada M. Diagnosis of chest wall invasion by lung cancer: useful criteria for exclusion of the possibility of chest wall invasion with MR imaging. Radiat Med 2000; 18:283-90. [PMID: 11128398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the accuracy of thin-section CT, conventional static MR imaging (conventional MRI), and breathing dynamic echo planar magnetic resonance imaging (BDEPI) in evaluating lung cancer invasion to the chest wall. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thin-section CT, conventional MRI, and BDEPI were performed preoperatively in 20 patients suspected of having primary lung cancers adjacent to the chest wall on conventional CT. The results of imaging findings were compared with those of surgical and histopathological findings. RESULTS All patients were confirmed to have no chest wall invasion after surgery. By thin-section CT, 10 of 20 patients were correctly diagnosed as having no chest wall invasion (50% specificity). Two of the 20 patients were incorrectly diagnosed as having chest wall invasion by conventional MRI and BDEPI (90% specificity). CONCLUSION When chest wall invasion is suspected on CT scans, static and breathing dynamic MRI are recommended to avoid false positive interpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shiotani
- Department of Radiology, Tsukuba Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
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Kato S, Masuhiro Y, Watanabe M, Kobayashi Y, Takeyama KI, Endoh H, Yanagisawa J. Molecular mechanism of a cross-talk between oestrogen and growth factor signalling pathways. Genes Cells 2000; 5:593-601. [PMID: 10947845 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00354.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Oestrogen (E2) plays significant roles in variety of biological events such as the development and maintenance of female reproductive organs, bone and lipid metabolisms. More recently, from study of knock-out mice deficient in oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha and ERbeta it turned out that normal spermatogenesis requires the E2 actions. Furthermore, this female steroid hormone is also well known to be deeply involved in many pathophysiological events such as osteoporosis and cancer development in female reproductive organs. It is particularly well known that most breast cancer is dependent on E2 in its development. Such E2 actions are thought to be mediated through two subtypes of ERs. Growth factors have been shown to synergize in this E2 signalling pathway, although the actual molecular mechanism largely remains unknown. Recently, we found that the MAP kinase activated by growth factors phosphorylates the Ser118 residue of the human ERalpha A/B domain and this phosphorylation potentiates the N-terminal transactivation function (AF-1) of human ERalpha, indicating the possible molecular mechanism of a novel cross-talk between E2 and growth factor signalling pathways. More recently, we have identified a coactivator associating with the hERalpha AF-1 in a MAPK-mediated phosphorylation-dependent manner. In this review, the molecular mechanism of this cross-talk is discussed in terms of the transactivation function of ERs, and their coactivators.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kato
- The Institute of Molecular and Celluar Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
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Abstract
Conjugating Tetrahymena were irradiated by ultraviolet-B (UV-B) at various stages of conjugation. When the conjugants were exposed to the UV-B at late meiotic prophase (the stage from pachytene to diplotene), abortive conjugation was induced a high frequencies. After completing meiosis, a significant number of the conjugants showed marked anomalies, i.e., failure of nuclear selection after meiosis, and abortion of the subsequent conjugation process such as a postmeiotic division to form gametic nuclei, nuclear exchange, synkaryon formation, and postzygotic development. The conjugating pairs retained the parental macronucleus and separated earlier as compared with a control. The resultant exconjugants degenerated meiotic products and became amicronucleates. These observations strongly suggest the presence of a UV-sensitive molecule that is expressed specifically at the meiotic prophase and that directs the subsequent development after meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kobayashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Japan
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Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to visualize myoglobin-facilitated oxygen delivery to mitochondria at a critical mitochondrial oxygen supply in single isolated cardiomyocytes of rats. Using the autofluorescence of mitochondrial reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H), the mitochondrial oxygen supply was imaged from approximately 1.4 microm inside the cell surface at a subcellular spatial resolution. Significant radial gradients of intracellular oxygenation were produced by superfusing the cell suspension with a mixed gas containing 2-4% oxygen while stimulating mitochondrial respiration with an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. Augmentation of the NAD(P)H fluorescence started from the core of the cell (anoxic core) and progressively expanded toward the plasma membrane, as the extracellular Po(2) was lowered. Inactivation of cytosolic myoglobin by 5 mM NaNO(2) significantly enlarged such anoxic regions. Nitrite affected neither mitochondrial respiration in uncoupled cells nor the relationship between Po(2) and the NAD(P)H fluorescence in coupled cells. Thus we conclude that myoglobin significantly facilitates intracellular oxygen transport at a critical level of mitochondrial oxygen supply in single cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Abstract
We investigated the effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on mucin biosynthesis and the expression of its receptor in distinct sites and layers of rat gastric mucosa. HGF stimulated the mucin biosynthesis in the surface and gland mucus cells of corpus, but not in the antrum, without its trophic effects. The HGF-receptor mRNA expression was high in the surface and deep corpus mucosa, but low in the antrum. These results demonstrate that HGF has distinct effects on mucin biosynthesis in a specific region of rat stomach, suggesting different regulatory mechanisms underlying the mucus metabolism of distinct mucus-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ichikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Japan
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Nomiyama T, Omae K, Ishizuka C, Yamauchi T, Kawasumi Y, Yamada K, Endoh H, Sakurai H. Dermal absorption of N,N-dimethylacetamide in human volunteers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2000; 73:121-6. [PMID: 10741510 DOI: 10.1007/s004200050017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the potential for the dermal absorption of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC: CAS No. 127-19-5) vapor, the biological half-life of N-methylacetamide (NMAC) in urine as the biological exposure item of DMAC, and the adjustment method for urinary concentrations. METHODS Twelve healthy male volunteers (mean age 25.2 years, range 21-43 years) were exposed to DMAC for 4 h on two occasions at intervals of 96 h or above. Each volunteer sat inside a whole-body-type exposure chamber for the dermal exposure experiment or outside the chamber for the inhalation exposure experiment. The temperature and relative humidity in the chamber were controlled at approximately 26 degrees C and 40% in order to keep the skin (90% naked) of the volunteers dry. DMAC concentrations were 6.1 +/- 1.3 ppm for dermal exposure and 6.1 +/- 1.3 ppm for inhalation exposure. Urine samples were collected from 0 h through 36 h and at 48 h and 72 h after the exposure. Extrapolations from exposure concentrations for 4 h to 10 ppm for 8 h were performed. RESULTS Mean dermal absorption was estimated to be 40.4% of the total DMAC uptake. The biological half-lives of urinary NMAC were 9.0 +/- 1.4 h and 5.6 +/- 1.3 h via skin and lung, respectively. Mean NMAC in urine just after 5 consecutive workdays (8 h/day) at 10 ppm DMAC exposure was assumed to be 33.7 mg/g x Cr (18.6-70.0 mg/g x Cr). Creatinine-adjusted NMAC concentration in urine for each volunteer within 12 h after the exposure was more closely correlated with the total excretion amount of NMAC up to 36 h than with urinary-volume-adjusted or specific-gravity-adjusted NMAC concentration in both the dermal and inhalation exposure experiments. CONCLUSIONS DMAC vapor was significantly absorbed through the skin. Estimated NMAC values indicate that 20 mg/g x Cr NMAC seems to be appropriate as the biological exposure index.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nomiyama
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Shiotani S, Sugimura K, Sugihara M, Kawamitsu H, Maruyama R, Yamauchi M, Endoh H, Wada M. Detection of minute pleural fluid in the pleural retracted space associated with peripheral lung cancer: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiat Med 2000; 18:21-7. [PMID: 10852652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting minute pleural fluid in the pleural retracted space (PRS) associated with peripheral lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our subjects were 20 patients with peripheral lung cancer in whom thin-section CT in the lung window setting demonstrated lesions adjacent to the pleural surface, and who were referred for MR imaging. The imaging findings were retrospectively evaluated and correlated with the histopathologic specimens. Pleural fluid was aspirated for cytology under ultrasound (US) guidance in six patients. RESULTS STIR MR images revealed water SI areas beneath the chest wall associated with the lung cancer, whereas, on CT images, lung cancer and minute pleural fluid in the PRS showed similar soft-tissue density without enabling easy differentiation. Two of the six patients who underwent aspiration cytology showed malignancy. All histopathologic specimens obtained from 18 patients who underwent surgery showed pleural retraction corresponding to the water SI areas on STIR images. Histopathological study revealed that the fibrotic focus of the tumor tended to occur more intensively when the shape of pleural retraction was thinner and deeper. CONCLUSION Water SI areas on STIR images were thought to suggest pleural fluid retention in the PRS. MRI was sensitive in detecting minute pleural fluid in the PRS and may help to avoid overdiagnosis of chest wall invasion induced from peripheral lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shiotani
- Department of Radiology, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
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Endoh H, Honda T, Komura N, Shibue C, Watanabe I, Shimoji K. Effects of nicardipine-, nitroglycerin-, and prostaglandin E1-induced hypotension on human cerebrovascular carbon dioxide reactivity during propofol-fentanyl anesthesia. J Clin Anesth 1999; 11:545-9. [PMID: 10624637 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(99)00051-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of nicardipine-, nitroglycerin-, and prostaglandine E1-induced hypotension on cerebrovascular carbon dioxide (CO2) reactivity over a wide range of arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) (PaCO2; range 25 to 50 mmHg). DESIGN Prospective, randomized study. SETTING Operating room of a university-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS 36 ASA physical status I and II patients without cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, or diabetes mellitus, undergoing an elective abdominal surgery. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups (nicardipine-, nitroglycerin-, or prostaglandin E1-induced hypotension group; 12 in each group). Anesthesia was induced and maintained with a bolus dose, followed by a continuous infusion of propofol (6.7 +/- 1.5 mg/kg/hr) and fentanyl (1.68 +/- 0.4 micrograms/kg/hr). Deliberate hypotension of mean arterial pressure 55 to 60 mmHg was induced and maintained with a bolus dose, followed by a continuous infusion of nicardipine (6.80 +/- 0.75 micrograms/kg/min), nitroglycerin (3.20 +/- 1.10 micrograms/kg/min), or prostaglandin E1 (0.103 +/- 0.052 microgram/kg/min). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Time-averaged mean red blood cell velocity in the right middle cerebral artery (Vmca) at PaCO2 ranging from 25 to 50 mmHg was measured with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. A minimum of six simultaneous measurements of Vmca and PaCO2 were obtained during baseline and deliberate hypotension in each patient. Absolute slope between Vmca and PaCO2 during baseline and deliberate hypotension was determined individually by linear regression analysis. Absolute slope was treated as the variable, because it yielded a significant close correlation coefficient (r > 0.95; p < 0.05). Comparisons between baseline and deliberate hypotension were made by analysis of variance for repeated measures. Mean absolute slope was significantly reduced from 1.88 +/- 0.57 cm/sec/mmHg (mean +/- SD) to 1.21 +/- 0.46 in the nicardipine group (p < 0.05), from 1.75 +/- 0.69 to 1.35 +/- 0.47 in the nitroglycerin group (p < 0.05), and from 1.95 +/- 0.89 to 1.33 +/- 0.70 (p < 0.05) in the prostaglandin E1 group, respectively. CONCLUSION Nicardipine-, nitroglycerin-, and prostaglandin E1-induced hypotension attenuate the human cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity during propofol-fentanyl anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate a role of the opiate system during acute hypoxic hypoxia, the effects of naloxone and morphine on hypoxic survival rate were investigated in awake adult mice. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, animal trial. SETTING University research laboratory. SUBJECTS Male dd-Y mice (n = 864 in experiment I, n = 144 in experiment II, n = 30 in experiment III). INTERVENTIONS The animals were placed in an airtight plastic chamber into which a continuous flow of 8 L/min 5% oxygen-95% nitrogen was passed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS One and 5 mg/kg naloxone had no significant effect on the survival rate of mice subjected to acute hypoxic hypoxia, whereas 10 mg/kg naloxone decreased the survival rate. On the other hand, 2 and 5 mg/kg morphine was shown to have a protective action against acute hypoxic hypoxia. The protective effects of 5 mg/kg morphine against hypoxia was even antagonized by 5 mg/kg naloxone, which did not itself show any significant effect on the survival rate. The oxygen consumption in the morphine-treated (5 mg/kg) mice was significantly (p < .05) lower (87.0% +/- 4.6%; mean +/- SE) than that in the saline-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the endogenous opiate system does not play a significant role on the pathophysiology caused by acute hypoxic hypoxia and that the improved survival of the hypoxic animals by morphine is at least partly attributable to its depressant effect on oxygen consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Yamada K, Tachibana T, Hashimoto H, Suzuki K, Yanagida S, Endoh H, Kimura E, Yasuda M, Tanaka T, Ishikawa H. Establishment and characterization of cell lines derived from serous adenocarcinoma (JHOS-2) and clear cell adenocarcinoma (JHOC-5, JHOC-6) of human ovary. Hum Cell 1999; 12:131-8. [PMID: 10695020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The cell lines designated JHOS-2, JHOC-5 and JHOC-6 were established from epithelial ovarian carcinomas. JHOS-2 was established from a serous adenocarcinoma of a 45-year-old Japanese woman, JHOC-5 from a recurrent tumor of a clear cell adenocarcinoma of a 47-year-old Japanese woman and JHOC-6 from a tumor of a clear cell adenocarcinoma of a 43-year-old Japanese woman. These cell lines have grown well and serial passages were successively carried out more than 20 times. The monolayer cultured cells revealed neoplastic and pleomorphic features, and grew in multilayers. Electron micrographs revealed epithelial origins that had desmosomes and tonofilaments.
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Abstract
Rational drug-screening strategies have been limited by the number of available protein targets. The fields of genomics and functional genomics are now merging into 'chemical genomics' approaches, in which large numbers of potential target proteins can be used in standardized high-throughput drug-screening assays. Because protein-protein interactions are critical to most biological processes and can be tested in standardized assays, they may represent optimal targets in the chemical-genomics era. The reverse two-hybrid system appears to have several properties that would be critical for the success of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vidal
- MGH Cancer Center, Bldg 149, 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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Endoh H, Maruyama K, Masuhiro Y, Kobayashi Y, Goto M, Tai H, Yanagisawa J, Metzger D, Hashimoto S, Kato S. Purification and identification of p68 RNA helicase acting as a transcriptional coactivator specific for the activation function 1 of human estrogen receptor alpha. Mol Cell Biol 1999; 19:5363-72. [PMID: 10409727 PMCID: PMC84379 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.19.8.5363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/1999] [Accepted: 05/05/1999] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) regulates the expression of target genes in a ligand-dependent manner. The ligand-dependent activation function AF-2 of the ER is located in the ligand binding domain (LBD), while the N-terminal A/B domain (AF-1) functions in a ligand-independent manner when isolated from the LBD. AF-1 and AF-2 exhibit cell type and promoter context specificity. Furthermore, the AF-1 activity of the human ERalpha (hERalpha) is enhanced through phosphorylation of the Ser(118) residue by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). From MCF-7 cells, we purified and cloned a 68-kDa protein (p68) which interacted with the A/B domain but not with the LBD of hERalpha. Phosphorylation of hERalpha Ser(118) potentiated the interaction with p68. We demonstrate that p68 enhanced the activity of AF-1 but not AF-2 and the estrogen-induced as well as the anti-estrogen-induced transcriptional activity of the full-length ERalpha in a cell-type-specific manner. However, it did not potentiate AF-1 or AF-2 of ERbeta, androgen receptor, retinoic acid receptor alpha, or mineralocorticoid receptor. We also show that the RNA helicase activity previously ascribed to p68 is dispensable for the ERalpha AF-1 coactivator activity and that p68 binds to CBP in vitro. Furthermore, the interaction region for p68 in the ERalpha A/B domain was essential for the full activity of hERalpha AF-1. Taken together, these findings show that p68 acts as a coactivator specific for the ERalpha AF-1 and strongly suggest that the interaction between p68 and the hERalpha A/B domain is regulated by MAPK-induced phosphorylation of Ser(118).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Endoh
- Molecular Medicine Laboratories, Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
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Ashizawa N, Niigaki M, Hamamoto N, Niigaki M, Kaji T, Katsube T, Sato S, Endoh H, Hidaka K, Watanabe M, Kinoshita Y. The morphological changes of exocrine pancreas in chronic pancreatitis. Histol Histopathol 1999; 14:539-52. [PMID: 10212816 DOI: 10.14670/hh-14.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The following changes were found by either light or electron microscopic observation of the pancreas in spontaneously developed chronic pancreatitis models (WBN/Kob rats, spontaneously hypertensive rats, and rats with common bile-pancreatic duct stones) and in experimental models of chronic pancreatitis (alcoholic pancreatitis, ischemic pancreatitis, and obstructive pancreatitis): 1) the units of lobules, which were constituted by acinar cell deletion, ductular proliferation, and fibrosis; and 2) tortuous or helical ductal channels of pancreatic ducts with periductal fibrosis, which had many crater-like depressions and very long cilia in their inner surface. These are considered to be the results of obstructive pancreatitis, which are caused by the reactions of defensive factors against the increase of pancreatic duct pressure, including the apoptosis of acinar cells, the hyperplasia and hypertrophy of duct cells, a tighter junctional complex of duct cells, and periductal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ashizawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
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Abstract
We demonstrated in a previous study [Takahashi, E., K. Sato, H. Endoh, Z.-L. Xu, and K. Doi. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 44): H225-H233, 1998] that significant radial gradients of intracellular PO2 may be produced in an uncoupled actively respiring, single isolated cardiomyocyte of the rat. The present study was designed to further determine whether such intracellular PO2 gradients can be a limiting factor of oxidative metabolism in uncoupled cardiomyocytes. The NAD(P)H fluorescence of a single cardiomyocyte was captured by a digital charge-coupled device camera and quantitated with a subcellular spatial resolution by a ratio-imaging technique. In the conditions that we demonstrated significant radial PO2 gradients (cells treated with 1 microM carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and superfused with 2.09% or 3.14% O2 gas at 27 degreesC), we demonstrated significant augmentation of NAD(P)H fluorescence near the core of an individual cell. The heterogeneous fluorescence pattern was not found in the control cell, whereas fluorescence intensity averaged over the cell was increased by hypoxia. These results suggest the possibility that oxidative phosphorylation near the core of actively respiring, uncoupled cardiomyocytes may be severely suppressed due to insufficient diffusional oxygen supply (hypoxic core) even if regions near the sarcolemma are adequately oxygenated.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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Sasaki-Iwaoka H, Maruyama K, Endoh H, Komori T, Kato S, Kawashima H. A trans-acting enhancer modulates estrogen-mediated transcription of reporter genes in osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res 1999; 14:248-55. [PMID: 9933479 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.1999.14.2.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The presence of bone-specific estrogen agonists and discovery of the osteoblast-specific transcription factor (TF), Cbfa1, together with the discovery of synergism between a TF Pit-1 and estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) on rat prolactin gene, led to investigation of Cbfa1 in the modulation of osteoblast-specific actions of estrogen. Reverse transcribed-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated expression of Cbfa1 in the osteoblastic cell lines, MG63, ROS17/2.8, and MC3T3E1, but not in nonosteoblastic cell lines, MCF7, C3H10T1/2, and HeLa. An ER expression vector and a series of luciferase (Luc) reporter plasmids harboring the Cbfa1 binding site OSE2 (the osteoblast-specific cis element in the osteocalcin promoter) and palindromic estrogen response elements (EREs) were cotransfected into both osteoblastic and nonosteoblastic cells. OSE2 worked as a cis- acting element in osteoblastic cells but not nonosteoblastic cells, whereas EREs were cis- acting in all cell lines. Synergistic transactivation was observed in osteoblastic cells only when both ERE and OSE2 were placed in juxtaposition to the promoter. Forced expression of Cbfa1 in C3H10T1/2 cells also induced synergism. Tamoxifen, a partial agonist/antagonist of estrogen, acted as an osteoblast-specific agonist in cells transfected with a promoter containing ERE and acted synergistically with a promoter containing the ERE-OSE2 enhancer combination. These results support the idea that bone-specific TFs modulate the actions of estrogen in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sasaki-Iwaoka
- Molecular Medicine Laboratories, Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
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