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Albelasy EH, Hamama HH, Chew HP, Montasser M, Mahmoud SH. Clinical performance of two ion-releasing bulk-fill composites in class I and class II restorations: A two-year evaluation. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:723-736. [PMID: 38174898 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This randomized clinical trial evaluated and compared the 2-year clinical performance of two ion-releasing bulk-fill composites (Cention N and Surefil One) with that of a conventional bulk-fill resin composite (Powerfil) in Class I and II cavities. METHODS Thirty-two patients, each with 3 Class I and/or Class II cavities under occlusion, were enrolled in this trial. A total of 96 restorations were placed, 32 for each material, as follows: a self-adhesive composite; Surefil-one, alkasite; Cention N, and a bulk-fill resin composite; Powerfil. The restorations were placed by a single operator. Clinical evaluation was performed at baseline (1-week), 6-months, 1-year, and 2-years by two independent examiners using the FDI criteria. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman Tests. Multiple comparisons between groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon-rank tests. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients with a total of 81 restorations were evaluated at the end of the 2-years with 84.35% recall rates. Clinical success rates were 100%, 100%, and 96.3% for Powerfil, Surefil-one, and Cention N, respectively. Cention N showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decreased marginal integrity in comparison with resin composite at the 2-year evaluation. No recurrent decay was detected in any restoration. CONCLUSIONS Both ion-releasing bulk-fill composites provided acceptable clinical performance similar to bulk-fill composite in Class I and II restorations over a 2-year period. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results of this trial suggests that there is a promising evidence supporting the use of ion-releasing composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H Albelasy
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Aldakhlia, Egypt
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hamdi H Hamama
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Aldakhlia, Egypt
- Faculty of Dentistry, New-Mansoura University, New-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marmar Montasser
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Aldakhlia, Egypt
| | - Salah H Mahmoud
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Aldakhlia, Egypt
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Dai J, Fischer NG, Rahimi JR, Wang H, Hu C, Chen W, Lin Y, Sang T, Chew HP, Kong L, Aparicio C, Ye Z, Huang S. Interpenetrating nanofibrillar membrane of self-assembled collagen and antimicrobial peptides for enhanced bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131480. [PMID: 38599427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Bone regeneration remains a major clinical challenge, especially when infection necessitates prolonged antibiotic treatment. This study presents a membrane composed of self-assembled and interpenetrating GL13K, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) derived from a salivary protein, in a collagen membrane for antimicrobial activity and enhanced bone regeneration. Commercially available collagen membranes were immersed in GL13K solution, and self-assembly was initiated by raising the solution pH to synthesize the multifunctional membrane called COL-GL. COL-GL was composed of interpenetrating large collagen fibers and short GL13K nanofibrils, which increased hydrophobicity, reduced biodegradation from collagenase, and stiffened the matrix compared to control collagen membranes. Incorporation of GL13K led to antimicrobial and anti-fouling activity against early oral surface colonizer Streptococcus gordonii while not affecting fibroblast cytocompatibility or pre-osteoblast osteogenic differentiation. GL13K in solution also reduced macrophage inflammatory cytokine expression and increased pro-healing cytokine expression. Bone formation in a rat calvarial model was accelerated at eight weeks with COL-GL compared to the gold-standard collagen membrane based on microcomputed tomography and histology. Interpenetration of GL13K within collagen sidesteps challenges with antimicrobial coatings on bone regeneration scaffolds while increasing bone regeneration. This strength makes COL-GL a promising approach to reduce post-surgical infections and aid bone regeneration in dental and orthopedic applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The COL-GL membrane, incorporating the antimicrobial peptide GL13K within a collagen membrane, signifies a noteworthy breakthrough in bone regeneration strategies for dental and orthopedic applications. By integrating self-assembled GL13K nanofibers into the membrane, this study successfully addresses the challenges associated with antimicrobial coatings, exhibiting improved antimicrobial and anti-fouling activity while preserving compatibility with fibroblasts and pre-osteoblasts. The accelerated bone formation observed in a rat calvarial model emphasizes the potential of this innovative approach to minimize post-surgical infections and enhance bone regeneration outcomes. As a promising alternative for future therapeutic interventions, this material tackles the clinical challenges of extended antibiotic treatments and antibiotic resistance in bone regeneration scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Dai
- Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, 373 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nicholas G Fischer
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Joseph R Rahimi
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Hongning Wang
- Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, 373 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoming Hu
- Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, 373 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wener Chen
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yifan Lin
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Sang
- School of Stomatology of Nanchang University & The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Liang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Division of Basic Research, Faculty of Odontology UIC Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Zhou Ye
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, 373 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Sedky RA, Chew HP, Nour KA, Abuelsadat SM, Elsherbini D, Fok ASL. Interfacial integrity of bulk-fill resin composite restorations in deep Class-II cavities. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:692-699. [PMID: 37612062 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the interfacial integrity of deep (6 mm) Class-II (OM/OD) restorations placed using different bulk-fill resin composites [Filtek™ Bulk Fill Flowable Restorative (BF) and Filtek™ Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative (BP) (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA)] of different increment thicknesses (2 or 4 mm). BP was used for capping in all cases, while Filtek™ Z250 Universal Restorative (3M ESPE) was used as the control material. Interfacial debonding was measured during curing through acoustic emission (AE), followed by image analysis using micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy. Microhardness testing was also conducted to assess degree of conversion. Depth of cure was adequate in all restorations. Specimens with 4-mm thick first increment of BF, which had a higher shrinkage strain, produced most AE events and debonding. Thus, bulk filling of deep cavities using bulk-fill resin composites with a high shrinkage strain should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota
| | - Khaled Aly Nour
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University
| | | | - Dina Elsherbini
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota
| | - Alex Siu Lun Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota
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Ghani SMA, Hassan MIA, Abdullah AH, Ghani ARA, Izra'ai SI, Aregawi W, Chew HP, Fok A. Linear and volumetric shrinkage displacements of resin composite restorations with and without debonding. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:659-668. [PMID: 37612060 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to compare shrinkage displacements of fully and partially bonded resin composite restorations (RCRs). Two groups (n=5) Class-I RCR evaluated: Group 1 (G1) fully bonded and Group 2 (G2) debonded at the floor. Experimental results were compared with predictions from simple theory and finite element analysis (FEA). The experimental linear surface displacement (LSD) was G1 62.5±5.2 µm and G2 32.8±4.0 µm. Theoretically-predicted LSD for G1 60.1±7.4 µm and G2 31.3±7.5 µm. FEA-predicted LSD were G1 65.2 µm and G2 34.6 µm. The experimental volumetric surface displacement (VSD) was G1 1.22±0.2 mm3 and G2 0.63±0.2 mm3. Theoretically-predicted VSD for G1 1.36±0.2 mm3 and G2 0.67±0.2 mm3. No significant difference (p>0.05) was found in LSD and VSD among the experimental, theoretical and FEA in the same group. Significant differences (p<0.05) were noted between the two groups, with LSD and VSD of G2 values being almost half of G1. This pattern gave an insight of a debond restoration characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Mariam Ab Ghani
- Center for Restorative Dentistry Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA
| | | | | | | | | | - Wondwosen Aregawi
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota
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Kumar MS, He R, Feng L, Olin P, Chew HP, Jardine P, Anderson GC, Hong J. Particle generation and dispersion from high-speed dental drilling. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5439-5448. [PMID: 37479870 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of particle generation and dispersion during dental procedure using digital inline holography (DIH) METHODS: Particles at two locations, near-field and far-field, which represent the field closer to the procedure location and within 0.5 m from the procedure location respectively, are studied using two different DIH systems. The effect of three parameters namely rotational speed, coolant flow rate, and bur angle on particle generation and dispersion are evaluated by using 10 different operating conditions. The particle characteristics at different operating conditions are estimated from the holograms using machine learning-based analysis. RESULTS The particle concentration decreased by at least two orders of magnitude between the near-field and far-field locations across the 10 different operating conditions, indicating significant dispersion of the particles. High rotational speed is found to produce a larger number of smaller particles, while lower rotational speeds generate larger particles. Coolant flow rate is found to have a greater impact on particle transport to the far-field location. Irregular shape dental particles account for 29% of total particles at far-field location, with the majority of these irregular shape particles having diameters ranging from 12 to 18 μm. CONCLUSIONS All three parameters have significant effects on particle generation and dispersion, with rotational speed having a more significant influence on particle generation at near-field and coolant flow rate playing a more important role on particle transport to the far-field. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provides valuable insights on particle characteristics during high-speed drilling. It can help dental professionals minimize exposure risks for themselves and patients by optimizing clinical operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shyam Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ruichen He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul Olin
- University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul Jardine
- University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gary C Anderson
- University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jiarong Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Albelasy EH, Chen R, Fok A, Montasser M, Hamama HH, Mahmoud SH, Abdelrehim T, Chew HP. Inhibition of Caries around Restoration by Ion-Releasing Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Optical Coherence Tomography and Micro-Computed Tomography Evaluation. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5558. [PMID: 37629848 PMCID: PMC10456765 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was firstly to assess the demineralization inhibitory effect of ion-releasing restorations in enamel adjacent to restoration using a biofilm caries model and secondly to compare the effect to that in a chemical caries model. Fifty-six bovine incisors were filled with either Surefil one (SuO), Cention N (CN) (both ion-releasing materials), Ketac-Molar (GIC) or Powerfill resin composite (RC). The restored teeth were then randomly divided into 2 groups according to the used caries model (biofilm or chemical caries model). The micro-computed tomography (MicroCt) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) outcome measures used to evaluate demineralization inhibition effects were lesion depth, LD and increase in OCT integrated reflectivity, ΔIR, at five different depths. It was observed that all outcome measures of CN were statistically the same as those of GIC and conversely with those of RC. This was also the case for SuO except for LD, which was statistically the same as RC. When comparing the two caries models, LD of the biofilm model was statistically deeper (p < 0.05) than the chemical model for all four materials. In conclusion, CN and SuO have similar demineralization inhibitory effects as GIC, and the biofilm caries model is more discriminatory in differentiating demineralization inhibitory effects of ion-releasing restorative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H. Albelasy
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Ruoqiong Chen
- Department of Diagnostics and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Marmar Montasser
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Hamdi H. Hamama
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, New-Mansoura University, New-Mansoura 35712, Egypt
| | - Salah H. Mahmoud
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Horus University, New-Dumyat 34517, Egypt
| | - Tamer Abdelrehim
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
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Tonin BSH, Fu J, He Y, Ye N, Chew HP, Fok A. The effect of abutment material stiffness on the mechanical behavior of dental implant assemblies: A 3D finite element study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 142:105847. [PMID: 37127010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution and microgap formation in implant assemblies with conical abutments made of different materials under an oblique load. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mechanical behavior of an implant assembly with a titanium abutment was analyzed and compared with that of an assembly with a Y-TZP abutment using finite element analysis (FEA). A torque of 20 Ncm was first applied to the abutment screw, followed by oblique loads of 10 N-280 N applied to the prosthesis placed on the implant. The maximum stress in the abutment screw, the microgap formation process, and the critical load for bridging the internal implant space were evaluated. RESULTS No significant difference in stress distribution between the two cases was observed, with the stresses being mainly concentrated at the top half of the screw (the predicted maximum von Mises stress was approximately 1200 MPa at 280 N). The area in contact at the implant-to-abutment interface decreased with increasing load for both abutments, with the critical load for bridging the internal implant space being roughly 140 N. The maximum gap size being was approximately 470 μm with either abutment. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the stress distribution or microgap formed between implant assemblies with titanium and Y-TZP abutments having an internal conical connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna S H Tonin
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, China
| | - Yiting He
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Ye
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Albelasy EH, Hamama HH, Chew HP, Montaser M, Mahmoud SH. Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19244. [PMID: 36357453 PMCID: PMC9649593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review was aimed to evaluate occurrence of secondary caries and marginal adaptation in ion-releasing materials versus resin composite. Electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Open Grey databases with no date or language restrictions until May 21st, 2021, was conducted. Randomized clinical trials that compared ion-releasing restorations versus resin composite were included. For quantitative analysis, a random-effects meta-analysis with risk difference as an effect measure and a 95% confidence interval was used. Quality of evidence was assessed using The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochran Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. The inclusion criteria were met by 22 studies, and 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Three follow-up periods (1 year, 18 months-2 years, and 3 years) were evaluated. The overall quality of evidence for secondary caries and marginal adaptation outcomes was low. The results of the meta-analysis showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in both outcomes between ion-releasing materials and resin composite. The occurrence of secondary caries was not dependent on the nature of the restorative material. It is more likely a complex process that involves the same risk factors as primary carious lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H. Albelasy
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura, Aldakhlia 35516 Egypt ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Research Visiting Scholar, Minnesota Dental Research Centre for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Hamdi H. Hamama
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura, Aldakhlia 35516 Egypt ,grid.10251.370000000103426662Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, New-Mansoura University, New-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Minnesota Dental Research Centre for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Marmar Montaser
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura, Aldakhlia 35516 Egypt
| | - Salah H. Mahmoud
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura, Aldakhlia 35516 Egypt ,Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Horus University, New-Damietta, Egypt
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9
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Groenke BR, Idiyatullin D, Gaalaas L, Petersen A, Chew HP, Law A, Barsness B, Royal M, Ordinola-Zapata R, Fok A, Aregawi W, Nixdorf DR. Minimal Detectable Width of Tooth Fractures Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Method to Measure. J Endod 2022; 48:1414-1420.e1. [PMID: 36100083 PMCID: PMC9704057 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vertical root fracture (VRF) in root canal-treated (RCT) teeth is a common cause of pain, bone resorption, and tooth loss. VRF is also difficult to diagnose and measure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to identify VRF due to beneficial partial volume averaging, without using ionizing radiation. This investigation aimed to describe the narrowest VRFs detectable based on MRI, using micro-computed tomography (microCT) as the reference standard and proposes a method using profile integrals to measure the widths of small VRFs. METHODS VRFs were induced in 62 RCT tooth root samples. All samples were imaged in a phantom using MRI and reference imaging was obtained using microCT. The stacks of 3-dimensional axial MRIs were assessed by 3 board-certified endodontists. Evaluators determined the most coronal slice within the stack that was discernible as the extent of the VRF. This slice was measured on correlated microCT sections to determine the minimum VRF width (μm) detectable using a profile integral-based method to measure small fractures and negate the effects of the point spread function. RESULTS Using profile integrals to measure VRF width was repeatable and resulted in estimates that were on average 1 μm smaller than known reference widths. Adjusted median VRF width detected using MRI was 45 μm (first quartile: 26 μm, third quartile: 64 μm). CONCLUSION Using profile integrals is a valid way to estimate small VRF width. The MRI approach demonstrated ability to repeatedly detect VRFs as small as 26 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth R Groenke
- Division of TMD and Orofacial Pain, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | | | - Laurence Gaalaas
- Department of Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ashley Petersen
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Division of Biomaterials, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alan Law
- Private Practice, The Dental Specialists, Woodbury, Minnesota
| | | | - Mathew Royal
- Private Practice, HealthPartners, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Division of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Wondwosen Aregawi
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Donald R Nixdorf
- Division of TMD and Orofacial Pain, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Departments of Radiology & Neurology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Zhang A, Ye N, Aregawi W, Zhang L, Salah M, VanHeel B, Chew HP, Fok ASL. A Review of Mechano-Biochemical Models for Testing Composite Restorations. J Dent Res 2021; 100:1030-1038. [PMID: 34365857 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211026918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the severe mechano-biochemical conditions in the oral cavity, many dental restorations will degrade and eventually fail. For teeth restored with resin composite, the major modes of failure are secondary caries and fracture of the tooth or restoration. While clinical studies can answer some of the more practical questions, such as the rate of failure, fundamental understanding on the failure mechanism can be obtained from laboratory studies using simplified models more effectively. Reviewed in this article are the 4 main types of models used to study the degradation of resin-composite restorations, namely, animal, human in vivo or in situ, in vitro biofilm, and in vitro chemical models. The characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of these models are discussed and compared. The tooth-restoration interface is widely considered the weakest link in a resin composite restoration. To account for the different types of degradation that can occur (i.e., demineralization, resin hydrolysis, and collagen degradation), enzymes such as esterase and collagenase found in the oral environment are used, in addition to acids, to form biochemical models to test resin-composite restorations in conjunction with mechanical loading. Furthermore, laboratory tests are usually performed in an accelerated manner to save time. It is argued that, for an accelerated multicomponent model to be representative and predictive in terms of both the mode and the speed of degradation, the individual components must be synchronized in their rates of action and be calibrated with clinical data. The process of calibrating the in vitro models against clinical data is briefly described. To achieve representative and predictive in vitro models, more comparative studies of in vivo and in vitro models are required to calibrate the laboratory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zhang
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N Ye
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - W Aregawi
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - L Zhang
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - M Salah
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - B VanHeel
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H P Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A S L Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Gan SC, Fok ASL, Sedky RA, Sukumaran P, Chew HP. Sorptivity of water in enamel for categorizing caries lesions. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1379-1387. [PMID: 32907752 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to determine the association between sorptivity of water and the state of mineralization in carious enamel of different stages of severity. METHODS As a preliminary work, water droplets of 1.5 μL were placed on the surfaces of hydroxyapatite (HA) discs of different densities. The water droplet profile was dynamically recorded every second over a period of 10 s using a contact angle meter to determine the relationship between sorptivity and density. To measure and calculate sorptivity on enamel surfaces, varnish was painted on the labial surface of 96 extracted caries-free human teeth, leaving two 1.4 ± 0.1 mm diameter circular exposed test sites. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 16) and subjected to 0(G0), 7(G7), 14(G14), 21(G21), 28(G28) and 35(G35) days of pH cycling, respectively. A 0.7 μL water droplet was placed on each exposed site and Optical Coherence Tomography was used to measure its height every 10 seconds for 2 min. Sorptivity was computed by considering sorption equations and Washburn's analysis of capillary kinetics and correction for evaporation was also performed. Micro-Computed Tomography scans of the specimens were obtained and delta Z (ΔZ) is the parameter used to measure mineral loss. ΔZ at 10 μm (ΔZ10) and 50 μm (ΔZ50) from the surface were calculated. One-way ANOVA and Post-hoc Tukey tests were used to compare sorptivity between groups and bivariate correlations were used to analyze the association between sorptivity and ΔZ. RESULTS Sorptivity was found to be inversely and linearly correlated with HA density with R2 value of 0.95. With enamel, there is a general trend of increase in mean sorptivity from G0 to G35, except for a decrease in G21. The same trends were observed for both ΔZ10 and ΔZ50. The decrease in sorptivity in G21 coincided with the presence of a surface hypermineralized layer in G21 samples. Post-hoc Tukey showed significant differences in mean sorptivity between G0 and G14, G0 and G21 as well as G14 and G21. Post-hoc Dunnett's T3 showed significant differences for ΔZ10 between G0 and G14 as well as G14 and G21. Significant correlation between mean sorptivity and ΔZ10 was detected with Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.461. For ΔZ50, post-hoc Tukey showed significant differences between G0 and G14 but no significant difference was detected between G14 and G21. No correlations were detected between mean sorptivity and ΔZ50. SIGNIFICANCE Sorptivity was found to be inversely and linearly correlated with HA density with R2 value of 0.95. With enamel, there is a general trend of increase in mean sorptivity from G0 to G35, except for a decrease in G21. The same trends were observed for both ΔZ10 and ΔZ50. The decrease in sorptivity in G21 coincided with the presence of a surface hypermineralized layer in G21 samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Siu Lun Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Rana A Sedky
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, USA.
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Zhang A, Chen R, Aregawi W, He Y, Wang S, Aparicio C, Rudney J, Chew HP, Fok AS. Development and calibration of biochemical models for testing dental restorations. Acta Biomater 2020; 109:132-141. [PMID: 32289496 PMCID: PMC7244368 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently, resin composites are the most popular materials for dental restoration in clinical practice. Although the properties of such materials have been improved significantly, together with better clinical techniques used for their placement, early restoration failure still occurs too frequently. As clinical studies take years to complete, and new resin composites are being produced at ever increasing pace, laboratory assessment using accelerated but representative tests is necessary. The main types of failure in resin-composite restoration are tooth/restoration fracture and secondary caries, which are caused by a combination of mechanical and biochemical challenges. In this study, a biofilm model (S. mutans) and a chemical model (lactic-acid buffer) for producing artificial caries in bovine dentin are developed and calibrated against in situ data. Using a power law relationship between the demineralization depth and challenge duration, scale factors that convert the in vitro durations to the equivalent clinical durations are determined for different pH values for each model. The scale factors will allow the synchronization of biochemical and mechanical challenges in terms of their rates of action to potentially test resin-composite restoration in an accelerated but clinically representative manner. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Although the properties of resin composites for dental restoration have been improved significantly, early restoration failure still occurs too frequently. As clinical studies take years to complete, accelerated laboratory testing is necessary. Resin-composite restoration fail mainly through fracture and secondary caries, caused by a combination of mechanical and biochemical challenges. In this study, a biofilm and a chemical model for producing artificial caries in bovine dentin are calibrated against in situ data. Using a power law relationship between demineralization depth and challenge duration, scale factors are determined for different pH for each model. The scale factors will allow the synchronization of biochemical and mechanical challenges in testing resin-composite restoration in an accelerated but clinically representative manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhang
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics (MDRCBB), School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Ruoqiong Chen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Wondwosen Aregawi
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics (MDRCBB), School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Yiting He
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics (MDRCBB), School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Joel Rudney
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics (MDRCBB), School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Alex S Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics (MDRCBB), School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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Yang B, Huang Q, Holmes B, Guo J, Li Y, Heo Y, Chew HP, Wang Y, Fok A. Influence of curing modes on the degree of conversion and mechanical parameters of dual-cured luting agents. J Prosthodont Res 2019; 64:137-144. [PMID: 31862437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of different curing modes, including tack cure, on the degree of conversion (DC) and mechanical parameters of dual-cured luting agents for all-ceramic restorations. METHODS Immediate light curing, intermittent light curing (2-s tack cure and a 1-min interval before the main cure), delayed light cuing (2-min delay) and chemical or no light curing were used to cure two dual-cured luting agents, RelyX Unicem and PermaCem 2.0, through a 1.5-mm thick lithium disilicate ceramic slide. DC (n=3), micro-hardness (n=5), shrinkage strain (n=4) and shrinkage stress (n=3) were measured under the aforementioned curing modes. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey HSD test, with the level of significance set at α=0.05. RESULTS For both luting agents, all the light-curing modes produced similar final DC, but using chemical cure only could significantly reduce the DC. The mechanical parameters followed a similar pattern. There were positive but nonlinear correlations between DC and the other mechanical parameters, with the increase in these parameters with DC being slower initially. CONCLUSIONS Provided adequate light curing is applied to a dual-cured luting agent, delaying the light curing or using a tack cure first to facilitate seating of a restoration may not have a significant impact on the luting agent's final degree of conversion. However, using chemical cure only may result in inadequate cure of the luting agent and is recommended only for highly opaque restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Qin Huang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Brian Holmes
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
| | - Jiawen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Yuping Li
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
| | - Young Heo
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
| | - Yan Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
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Habib M, Chew HP. Methods of assessment of early dentine erosion: a review. J PAK MED ASSOC 2019; 69:1509-1513. [PMID: 31622307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dentine erosion is an increasingly recognised problem, especially in aging population, and various methods have been utilised for its assessment. This narrative review was planned to summarise the methods for the assessment of the early stages of dentine erosion. Relevant original articles published in the English language from 2013 to 2017 were reviewed. Laboratory techniques and methods with in vivo potential were separately studied. It is evident that the assessment of early dentine erosion is complex and requires a combination of methods. For clinical evaluation, chemical analysis and optical methods show great potential but are in need of more validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Habib
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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Qamar Z, Haji Abdul Rahim ZB, Neon GS, Chew HP, Zeeshan T. Effectiveness of poly-γ-glutamic acid in maintaining enamel integrity. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 106:104482. [PMID: 31325718 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine demineralisation inhibition and remineralisation potential of poly-γ-glutamic acid with its possible mechanism of action on human dental enamel. METHODOLOGY Three sodium-fluoride(NaF) concentration(0.01%w/v,0.1%w/v and 0.5%w/v respectively)and two poly-γ-glutamic acid(PGGA)concentration(1%w/v and 2%w/v respectively)were prepared in 0.1 M acetic acid(pH4.0)and deionized distilled water.For de/re-mineralisation study, tooth samples (18 teeth varnished, leaving a 2 mm2 window on the mid-buccal surfaces) were immersed in respective acidified NaF and PGGA solutions. The Ca2+ release/uptake was monitored with ISE over 72-hr with increasing pH every 24-h from 4.0 to 6.0.These teeth were later subjected to cross-sectional microhardness to determine integrated mineral recovery of enamel on increasing pH of respective acidified solution.In order to determine mechanism of PGGA,two concentrations of PGGA in deionized-water-solutions were used for tooth samples immersion followed by overnight drying then later subjected to Fourier Transform Infra-Red(FT-IR) analysis.The FT-IR analysis was also carried out on PGGA powder.For control,the experiment was repeated using hydroxyapatite(HAp)pellets.The density of PGGA solutions(1%and2%)was also measured to determine their dynamic viscosities. RESULTS The ISE and microhardness testing revealed statistically significant (ρ ≤ 0.05) dissolution inhibition and remineralisation potential for tooth sample treated with acidified 2%PGGA. From the FT-IR spectra, it was observed that the profiles of the enamel and HAp surfaces treated with 1%-and 2%-PGGA solutions were similar to those of PGGA powder.It was found that the viscosity of PGGA increases with increasing concentration. CONCLUSION The study implies that 2% PGGA is more effective than NaF as forms a coating layer to protect from demineralisation and promote remineralisation of the tooth surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | | | - Gan Seng Neon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Malaya, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tayyaba Zeeshan
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University Malaya, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
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Habib M, Lee KM, Liew YM, Zakian C, Ung NM, Chew HP. Assessing surface characteristics of eroded dentine with optical coherence tomography: a preliminary in vitro validation study. Appl Opt 2018; 57:8673-8679. [PMID: 30461942 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.008673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We conducted the first pilot study to investigate the use of the attenuation coefficient from an optical coherence tomography (OCT) backscattered signal as a measure of surface roughness changes in eroded dentine at an early stage of the erosion process. Ten human premolar root samples were subjected to citric acid treatment before scanning by OCT. The extracted relative attenuation coefficient (μR) from backscattered OCT signals was shown to increase with the duration of acid challenge. Validated against roughness measurements (rSa) from scanning electron microscopy scans, μR is significantly correlated with rSa indicative of severity of erosion (p<0.01, r=0.9195). We conclude that the OCT attenuation coefficient of the immediate subsurface in eroded dentine is a potential surrogate measure for its surface roughness. However, further work should be performed to study how it relates to the surface and immediate subsurface changes effected by other mechanical wear before it could unequivocally be used as a surrogate measurement for surface roughness.
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Khan ES, Sukumaran P, Chew HP. Protecting Eroded Dentine Against Multiple Acid Challenge with Bioglass. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2018.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ab Halim N, Esa R, Chew HP. General and erosive tooth wear of 16-year-old adolescents in Kuantan, Malaysia: prevalence and association with dental caries. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:11. [PMID: 29329566 PMCID: PMC5767007 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of general tooth wear (GTW), i.e. tooth wear irrespective of etiology and erosive tooth wear (ETW), i.e. tooth wear predominantly due to erosion; and also to investigate the relationship between ETW and dental caries experience in 16-year-old adolescents in Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods A multi-staged cluster sampling method was employed. A total of 598 16-year-old adolescents participated in this study. Participants’ demographic profile was assessed through a self-administered questionnaire. Clinical examinations were carried out under standardized conditions by a single examiner. The level of GTW was recorded using the modified Smith and Knight’s Tooth Wear Index (TWI) whilst ETW were recorded using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. This index was developed to record clinical findings and assist in the decision-making process for the management of erosive tooth wear. Dental caries was recorded using the D3MFT index whereby D3 denotes obvious dental decay into dentine detected visually. Results The prevalence of GTW, ETW and dental caries, i.e. percentage of individuals found to have at least one lesion, was 99.8%, 45.0% and 27.8% respectively. Two thirds of affected teeth with GTW were observed to have a TWI score of 1 whereas almost all of the affected teeth with ETW had a BEWE score of 2. The mean D3MFT was 0.62 (95% CI 0.50, 0.73) with Decayed (D) teeth being the largest component, mean D3T was 0.36 (95% CI 0.30, 0.43). There was no significant association between socio-demographic factors and prevalence of ETW. Logistic regression analysis also showed no significant relationship between the prevalence of ETW and D3MFT (p > 0.05). Conclusions Almost all adolescents examined had GTW but they were mainly early lesions. However, nearly half were found to have ETW of moderate severity (BEWE score 2). No significant relationship between the occurrence of erosive tooth wear and caries was observed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorhazayti Ab Halim
- Dental Public Health, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Rashidah Esa
- Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Qamar Z, Haji Abdul Rahim ZB, Chew HP, Fatima T. Influence of trace elements on dental enamel properties: A review. J PAK MED ASSOC 2017; 67:116-120. [PMID: 28065967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dental enamel, an avascular, irreparable, outermost and protective layer of the human clinical crown has a potential to withstand the physico-chemical effects and forces. These properties are being regulated by a unique association among elements occurring in the crystallites setup of human dental enamel. Calcium and phosphate are the major components (hydroxyapatite) in addition to some trace elements which have a profound effect on enamel. The current review was planned to determine the aptitude of various trace elements to substitute and their influence on human dental enamel in terms of physical and chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of Oral Biology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan and Department Oral Biology and Biomedical sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University Malaya, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tayyaba Fatima
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Goh SY, Tan WS, Khan SA, Chew HP, Abu Kasim NH, Yin WF, Chan KG. Unusual multiple production of N-acylhomoserine lactones a by Burkholderia sp. strain C10B isolated from dentine caries. Sensors (Basel) 2014; 14:8940-9. [PMID: 24854358 PMCID: PMC4063041 DOI: 10.3390/s140508940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria realize the ability to communicate by production of quorum sensing (QS) molecules called autoinducers, which regulate the physiological activities in their ecological niches. The oral cavity could be a potential area for the presence of QS bacteria. In this study, we report the isolation of a QS bacterial isolate C10B from dentine caries. Preliminary screening using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 biosensor showed that isolate C10B was able to produce N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs). This bacterium was further identified as a member of Burkholderia, an opportunistic pathogen. The isolated Burkholderia sp. was confirmed to produce N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL), N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) and N-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Share Yuan Goh
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wen-Si Tan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Saad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wai-Fong Yin
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Abstract
We define erosion as a partial demineralisation of enamel or dentine by intrinsic or extrinsic acids and erosive tooth wear as the accelerated loss of dental hard tissue through the combined effect of erosion and mechanical wear (abrasion and attrition) on the tooth surface. Most experts believe that during the last decade there has been a significant increase in the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear, particularly in adolescents. Even when erosive wear occurs in its milder forms, this is a matter of concern, as it may compromise the integrity of an otherwise healthy dentition in later life. The erosive wear process is complicated and modified by many chemical, behavioural and associated processes in the mouth. If interventions are to be developed it is therefore important that in vivo methods are developed to assess the outcomes of the erosion and erosive wear processes and the effects of interventions upon them. This paper discusses potential methods of investigating erosion and erosive wear in vivo and the difficulties associated with clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C D N J M Huysmans
- College of Dental Science, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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