1
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Kong Z, Boahen EK, Kim DJ, Li F, Kim JS, Kweon H, Kim SY, Choi H, Zhu J, Bin Ying W, Kim DH. Ultrafast underwater self-healing piezo-ionic elastomer via dynamic hydrophobic-hydrolytic domains. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2129. [PMID: 38459042 PMCID: PMC10923942 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced materials capable of autonomous self-healing and mechanical stimulus sensing in aquatic environments holds great promise for applications in underwater soft electronics, underwater robotics, and water-resistant human-machine interfaces. However, achieving superior autonomous self-healing properties and effective sensing simultaneously in an aquatic environment is rarely feasible. Here, we present an ultrafast underwater molecularly engineered self-healing piezo-ionic elastomer inspired by the cephalopod's suckers, which possess self-healing properties and mechanosensitive ion channels. Through strategic engineering of hydrophobic C-F groups, hydrolytic boronate ester bonds, and ions, the material achieves outstanding self-healing efficiencies, with speeds of 94.5% (9.1 µm/min) in air and 89.6% (13.3 µm/min) underwater, coupled with remarkable pressure sensitivity (18.1 kPa-1) for sensing performance. Furthermore, integration of this mechanosensitive device into an underwater submarine for signal transmission and light emitting diode modulation demonstrates its potential for underwater robotics and smarter human-machine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Elvis K Boahen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Fenglong Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Wu Bin Ying
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Kim J, Kweon H, Lee M, Kang M, Lee S, An S, Lee W, Choi S, Choi H, Seong Y, Ham H, Cha H, Lim J, Kim DH, Kim B, Chung DS. Exciton-Scissoring Perfluoroarenes Trigger Photomultiplication in Full Color Organic Image Sensors. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2302786. [PMID: 37421369 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented but useful functionality of perfluoroarenes to enable exciton scissoring in photomultiplication-type organic photodiodes (PM-OPDs) is reported. Perfluoroarenes that are covalently connected to polymer donors via a photochemical reaction enable the demonstration of high external quantum efficiency and B-/G-/R-selective PM-OPDs without the use of conventional acceptor molecules. The operation mechanism of the suggested perfluoroarene-driven PM-OPDs, how covalently bonded polymer donor:perfluoroarene PM-OPDs can perform as effectively as polymer donor:fullerene blend-based PM-OPDs, is investigated. By employing a series of arenes and conducting steady-state/time-resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy analyses, it is found that interfacial band bending between the perfluoroaryl group and polymer donor is responsible for exciton scissoring and subsequent electron trapping, which induces photomultiplication. Owing to the acceptor-free and covalently interconnected photoactive layer in the suggested PM-OPDs, superior operational and thermal stabilities are observed. Finally, finely patterned B-/G-/R-selective PM-OPD arrays that enable the construction of highly sensitive passive matrix-type organic image sensors are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyun Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyeok An
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjong Lee
- Graduate School of Energy Science & Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokran Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Seong
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobin Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojung Cha
- Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchul Lim
- Graduate School of Energy Science & Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - BongSoo Kim
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Device Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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3
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Choi H, Kim Y, Kim S, Kim SY, Kim JS, Yun E, Kweon H, Amoli V, Choi UH, Lee H, Kim DH. Ions-Silica Percolated Ionic Dielectric Elastomer Actuator for Soft Robots. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303838. [PMID: 37792271 PMCID: PMC10646257 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Soft robotics systems are currently under development using ionic electroactive polymers (i-EAP) as soft actuators for the human-machine interface. However, this endeavor has been impeded by the dilemma of reconciling the competing demands of force and strain in i-EAP actuators. Here, the authors present a novel design called "ions-silica percolated ionic dielectric elastomer (i-SPIDER)", which exhibits ionic liquid-confined silica microstructures that effectively resolve the chronic issue of conventional i-EAP actuators. The i-SPIDER actuator demonstrates remarkable electromechanical conversion capacity at low voltage, thanks to improved ion accumulation facilitated by interpreting electrode polarization at the electrolyte-electrode interface. This approach concurrently enhances both strain (by approximately 1.52%) and force (by roughly 1.06 mN) even at low Young's modulus (merely 5.9 MPa). Additionally, by demonstrating arachnid-inspired soft robots endowed with user-desired tasks through control of various form factors, the development of soft robots using the i-SPIDER that can concomitantly enhance strain and force holds promise as a compelling avenue for ushering in the next generation of miniaturized, low-powered soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Choi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Yongchan Kim
- School of Electronic EngineeringSoongsil UniversitySeoul06978Republic of Korea
| | - Seonho Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer EngineeringInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
- Present address:
Hirosawa Thin Film Devices LaboratoryRIKEN, 2‐1 HirosawaWako City, Saitama Prefecture351‐0198Japan
| | - Eseudeo Yun
- School of Electronic EngineeringSoongsil UniversitySeoul06978Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Amoli
- Department of Sciences and HumanitiesRajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum TechnologyAmethi229304India
| | - U. Hyeok Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer EngineeringInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Lee
- School of Electronic EngineeringSoongsil UniversitySeoul06978Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent SemiconductorsSoongsil UniversitySeoul06978Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and TechnologyHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
- Clean‐Energy Research InstituteHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
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4
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Kweon H, Kim JS, Kim S, Kang H, Kim DJ, Choi H, Roe DG, Choi YJ, Lee SG, Cho JH, Kim DH. Ion trap and release dynamics enables nonintrusive tactile augmentation in monolithic sensory neuron. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi3827. [PMID: 37851813 PMCID: PMC10584339 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
An iontronic-based artificial tactile nerve is a promising technology for emulating the tactile recognition and learning of human skin with low power consumption. However, its weak tactile memory and complex integration structure remain challenging. We present an ion trap and release dynamics (iTRD)-driven, neuro-inspired monolithic artificial tactile neuron (NeuroMAT) that can achieve tactile perception and memory consolidation in a single device. Through the tactile-driven release of ions initially trapped within iTRD-iongel, NeuroMAT only generates nonintrusive synaptic memory signals when mechanical stress is applied under voltage stimulation. The induced tactile memory is augmented by auxiliary voltage pulses independent of tactile sensing signals. We integrate NeuroMAT with an anthropomorphic robotic hand system to imitate memory-based human motion; the robust tactile memory of NeuroMAT enables the hand to consistently perform reliable gripping motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongchan Kim
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Haisu Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gue Roe
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Geol Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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5
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Kim JS, Kim J, Lim JW, Kim DJ, Lee JI, Choi H, Kweon H, Lee J, Yee H, Kim JH, Kim B, Kang MS, Jeong JH, Park SM, Kim DH. Implantable Multi-Cross-Linked Membrane-Ionogel Assembly for Reversible Non-Faradaic Neurostimulation. ACS Nano 2023; 17:14706-14717. [PMID: 37498185 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Neural interfaces play a major role in modulating neural signals for therapeutic purposes. To meet the demand of conformable neural interfaces for developing bioelectronic medicine, recent studies have focused on the performance of electrical neurostimulators employing soft conductors such as conducting polymers and electronic or ionic conductive hydrogels. However, faradaic charge injection at the interface of the electrode and nerve tissue causes irreversible gas evolution, oxidation of electrodes, and reduction of biological ions, thus causing undesired tissue damage and electrode degradation. Here we report a conformable neural interface engineering based on multicross-linked membrane-ionogel assembly (termed McMiA), which enables nonfaradaic neurostimulation without irreversible charge transfer reaction. The McMiA consists of a genipin-cross-linked biopolymeric ionogel coupled with a dopamine-cross-linked graphene oxide membrane to prevent ion exchange between biological and synthetic McMiA ions and to function as a bioadhesive forming covalent bonds with the target tissues. In addition, the demonstration of bioelectronic medicine via the McMiA-based neurostimulation of sciatic nerves shows the enhanced clinical utility in treating the overactive bladder syndrome. As the McMiA-based neural interface is soft, robust for bioadhesion, and stable in a physiological environment, it can offer significant advancement in biocompatibility and long-term operability for neural interface engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ik Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeono Yee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Park
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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6
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Boahen EK, Pan B, Kweon H, Kim JS, Choi H, Kong Z, Kim DJ, Zhu J, Ying WB, Lee KJ, Kim DH. Ultrafast, autonomous self-healable iontronic skin exhibiting piezo-ionic dynamics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7699. [PMID: 36509757 PMCID: PMC9744819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-healing properties and ionic sensing capabilities of the human skin offer inspiring groundwork for the designs of stretchable iontronic skins. However, from electronic to ionic mechanosensitive skins, simultaneously achieving autonomously superior self-healing properties, superior elasticity, and effective control of ion dynamics in a homogeneous system is rarely feasible. Here, we report a Cl-functionalized iontronic pressure sensitive material (CLiPS), designed via the introduction of Cl-functionalized groups into a polyurethane matrix, which realizes an ultrafast, autonomous self-healing speed (4.3 µm/min), high self-healing efficiency (91% within 60 min), and mechanosensitive piezo-ionic dynamics. This strategy promotes both an excellent elastic recovery (100%) and effective control of ion dynamics because the Cl groups trap the ions in the system via ion-dipole interactions, resulting in excellent pressure sensitivity (7.36 kPa-1) for tactile sensors. The skin-like sensor responds to pressure variations, demonstrating its potential for touch modulation in future wearable electronics and human-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis K. Boahen
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Baohai Pan
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Choi
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Zhengyang Kong
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Zhu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu Bin Ying
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea ,grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
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7
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Kweon H, Choi KY, Park HW, Lee R, Jeong U, Kim MJ, Hong H, Ha B, Lee S, Kwon JY, Chung KB, Kang MS, Lee H, Kim DH. Silicone engineered anisotropic lithography for ultrahigh-density OLEDs. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6775. [PMID: 36509734 PMCID: PMC9744739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrahigh-resolution patterning with high-throughput and high-fidelity is highly in demand for expanding the potential of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) from mobile and TV displays into near-to-eye microdisplays. However, current patterning techniques so far suffer from low resolution, consecutive pattern for RGB pixelation, low pattern fidelity, and throughput issue. Here, we present a silicone engineered anisotropic lithography of the organic light-emitting semiconductor (OLES) that in-situ forms a non-volatile etch-blocking layer during reactive ion etching. This unique feature not only slows the etch rate but also enhances the anisotropy of etch direction, leading to gain delicate control in forming ultrahigh-density multicolor OLES patterns (up to 4500 pixels per inch) through photolithography. This patterning strategy inspired by silicon etching chemistry is expected to provide new insights into ultrahigh-density OLED microdisplays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukmin Kweon
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Yeong Choi
- grid.263765.30000 0004 0533 3568School of Information Communication Convergence Technology, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Han Wool Park
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Ryungyu Lee
- grid.263765.30000 0004 0533 3568School of Information Communication Convergence Technology, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Ukjin Jeong
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- grid.255168.d0000 0001 0671 5021Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Hong
- grid.255168.d0000 0001 0671 5021Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
| | - Borina Ha
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Sein Lee
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983 Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Yeon Kwon
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwun-Bum Chung
- grid.255168.d0000 0001 0671 5021Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- grid.263736.50000 0001 0286 5954Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107 Republic of Korea ,grid.263736.50000 0001 0286 5954Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Lee
- grid.263765.30000 0004 0533 3568School of Information Communication Convergence Technology, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978 Republic of Korea ,grid.263765.30000 0004 0533 3568School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea ,grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
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8
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Kweon H, Kim-Shoemaker W. Mitigating Lithium Dissolution and Polysulfide Shuttle Effect Phenomena Using a Polymer Composite Layer Coating on the Anode in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204359. [PMID: 36297938 PMCID: PMC9607607 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To mitigate lithium dissolution and polysulfide shuttle effect phenomena in high-energy lithium sulfur batteries (LISBs), a conductive, flexible, and easily modified polymer composite layer was applied on the anode. The polymer composite layer included polyaniline and functionalized graphite. The electrochemical behavior of LISBs was studied by galvanostatic charge/discharge tests from 1.7 to 2.8 V up to 90 cycles and via COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. No apparent overcharge occurred during the charge state, which suggests that the shuttle effect of polysulfides was effectively prevented. The COMSOL Multiphysics simulation provided a venue for optimal prediction of the ideal concentration and properties of the polymer composite layer to be used in the LISBs. The testing and simulation results determined that the polymer composite layer diminished the amount of lithium polysulfide species and decreased the amount of dissolved lithium ions in the LISBs. In addition, the charge/discharge rate of up to 2.0 C with a cycle life of 90 cycles was achieved. The knowledge acquired in this study was important not only for the design of efficient new electrode materials, but also for understanding the effect of the polymer composite layer on the electrochemical cycle stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukmin Kweon
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- BenSci Inc., 2321W 10th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90006, USA
- Correspondence:
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9
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Jin ML, Park S, Kweon H, Fu A, Koh HJ, Gao M, Tang C, Cho SY, Kim Y, Zhang S, Li X, Shin K, Jung HT, Ahn CW, Kim DH. Scalable Superior Chemical Sensing Performance of Stretchable Ionotronic Skin via a π-Hole Receptor Effect. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2109493. [PMID: 35083787 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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10
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Kweon H, Choi JW, Yoon SY. Analysis of Consumer Exposure Cases for Alcohol-Based Disinfectant and Hand Sanitizer Use against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 19:ijerph19010100. [PMID: 35010360 PMCID: PMC8750816 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The development and distribution of vaccines and treatments as well as the use of disinfectants and hand sanitizers to cope with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has increased rapidly. As the use of disinfectants and hand sanitizers increased, the number of unintended exposures to these substances also increased. A total of 8016 cases of toxic exposure to disinfectants and hand sanitizers were reported to the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) from 1 January 2017 to 30 May 2021. The cases have been characterized by substance, sex, patient age, exposure reason and site, treatments received, and outcomes. The number of exposures correlates closely to the rise of COVID-19 cases, rising significantly in March 2020. About half of the total cases involved children less than 10 years old and 97% of those exposures per year were unintentional. In addition, the most common exposure site was the patient's own residence. Over-exposure to disinfectants and hand sanitizers can cause symptoms such as burning and irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, coughing, chest tightness, headache, choking, and, in severe cases, death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukmin Kweon
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
- BenSci Inc., 4822 Elmwood Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90004, USA
- Environmental Health Center, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Gumi 39371, Korea;
| | - Jae-Won Choi
- Environmental Health Center, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Gumi 39371, Korea;
| | - Seong-Yong Yoon
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Gumi 39371, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-468-9428
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11
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Jin ML, Park S, Kweon H, Koh HJ, Gao M, Tang C, Cho SY, Kim Y, Zhang S, Li X, Shin K, Fu A, Jung HT, Ahn CW, Kim DH. Scalable Superior Chemical Sensing Performance of Stretchable Ionotronic Skin via a π-Hole Receptor Effect. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2007605. [PMID: 33599041 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin-attachable gas sensors provide a next-generation wearable platform for real-time protection of human health by monitoring environmental and physiological chemicals. However, the creation of skin-like wearable gas sensors, possessing high sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and scalability (4S) simultaneously, has been a big challenge. Here, an ionotronic gas-sensing sticker (IGS) is demonstrated, implemented with free-standing polymer electrolyte (ionic thermoplastic polyurethane, i-TPU) as a sensing channel and inkjet-printed stretchable carbon nanotube electrodes, which enables the IGS to exhibit high sensitivity, selectivity, stability (against mechanical stress, humidity, and temperature), and scalable fabrication, simultaneously. The IGS demonstrates reliable sensing capability against nitrogen dioxide molecules under not only harsh mechanical stress (cyclic bending with the radius of curvature of 1 mm and cyclic straining at 50%), but also environmental conditions (thermal aging from -45 to 125 °C for 1000 cycles and humidity aging for 24 h at 85% relative humidity). Further, through systematic experiments and theoretical calculations, a π-hole receptor mechanism is proposed, which can effectively elucidate the origin of the high sensitivity (up to parts per billion level) and selectivity of the ionotronic sensing system. Consequently, this work provides a guideline for the design of ionotronic materials for the achievement of high-performance and skin-attachable gas-sensor platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liang Jin
- Institute for Future, Automation School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Automation School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Sangsik Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gao
- Institute of Microengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de la Maladière 71b, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Soo-Yeon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yunpyo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Jointing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xinlin Li
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Kwanwoo Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Aiping Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hee-Tae Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Won Ahn
- Department of Nano-Structured Materials Research, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-338, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kim J, Kweon H, Park HW, Go P, Hwang H, Lee J, Choi SJ, Kim DH. Interpenetrating Polymer Semiconductor Nanonetwork Channel for Ultrasensitive, Selective, and Fast Recovered Chemodetection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:55107-55115. [PMID: 33253519 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor (OSC)-based gas detection has attracted considerable attention due to the facile manufacturing process and effective contact with target chemicals at room temperature. However, OSCs intrinsically suffer from inferior sensing and recovery capability due to lack of functional sites and deep gas penetration into the film. Here, we describe an interpenetrating polymer semiconductor nanonetwork (IPSN) channel possessing unreacted silanol (Si-OH) groups on its surface to overcome bottlenecks that come from OSC-based chemodetection. On the top of the IPSN, moreover, we introduced electron-donating amine (NH2) groups as a chemical receptor because they strongly interact with the electron-withdrawing nature of NO2 gas. The NH2-IPSN-based field-effect transistor exhibited high-performance chemodetection such as ultrasensitivity (990% ppm-1 at 5 ppm) and excellent NO2 selectivity against other toxic gases. Impressively, the gas recovery was significantly improved because the NH2 chemical receptors anchored on the surface of the IPSN suppress deep gas penetration into the film. This work demonstrates that our NO2 chemodetection is expected to provide inspiration and guideline for realization of practical gas sensors in various industries and daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehee Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Wool Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Pureunsan Go
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Haejung Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseok Lee
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Jin Choi
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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13
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Park C, Johnston AS, Kweon H. Physical filtration efficiency analysis of a polyaniline hybrid composite filter with graphite oxide for particulate matter 2.5. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of California, Los Angeles California USA
- BenSci Inc Los Angeles California USA
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14
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McVerry B, Anderson M, He N, Kweon H, Ji C, Xue S, Rao E, Lee C, Lin CW, Chen D, Jun D, Sant G, Kaner RB. Next-Generation Asymmetric Membranes Using Thin-Film Liftoff. Nano Lett 2019; 19:5036-5043. [PMID: 31276418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For the past 30 years, thin-film membrane composites have been the state-of-the-art technology for reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, and gas separation. However, traditional membrane casting techniques, such as phase inversion and interfacial polymerization, limit the types of material that are used for the membrane separation layer. Here, we describe a novel thin-film liftoff (T-FLO) technique that enables the fabrication of thin-film composite membranes with new materials for desalination, organic solvent nanofiltration, and gas separation. The active layer is cast separately from the porous support layer, allowing for the tuning of the thickness and chemistry of the active layer. A fiber-reinforced, epoxy-based resin is then cured on top of the active layer to form a covalently bound support layer. Upon submersion in water, the cured membrane lifts off from the substrate to produce a robust, freestanding, asymmetric membrane composite. We demonstrate the fabrication of three novel T-FLO membranes for chlorine-tolerant reverse osmosis, organic solvent nanofiltration, and gas separation. The isolable nature of support and active-layer formation paves the way for the discovery of the transport and selectivity properties of new polymeric materials. This work introduces the foundation for T-FLO membranes and enables exciting new materials to be implemented as the active layers of thin-film membranes, including high-performance polymers, two-dimensional materials, and metal-organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian McVerry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Mackenzie Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Na He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Chenhao Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Shuangmei Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Ethan Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Chain Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Dayong Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Dukwoo Jun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Gaurav Sant
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Richard B Kaner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
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15
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Park HW, Choi KY, Shin J, Kang B, Hwang H, Choi S, Song A, Kim J, Kweon H, Kim S, Chung KB, Kim B, Cho K, Kwon SK, Kim YH, Kang MS, Lee H, Kim DH. Universal Route to Impart Orthogonality to Polymer Semiconductors for Sub-Micrometer Tandem Electronics. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1901400. [PMID: 31063271 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A universal method that enables utilization of conventional photolithography for processing a variety of polymer semiconductors is developed. The method relies on imparting chemical and physical orthogonality to a polymer film via formation of a semi-interpenetrating diphasic polymer network with a bridged polysilsesquioxane structure, which is termed an orthogonal polymer semiconductor gel. The synthesized gel films remain tolerant to various chemical and physical etching processes involved in photolithography, thereby facilitating fabrication of high-resolution patterns of polymer semiconductors. This method is utilized for fabricating tandem electronics, including pn-complementary inverter logic devices and pixelated polymer light-emitting diodes, which require deposition of multiple polymer semiconductors through solution processes. This novel and universal method is expected to significantly influence the development of advanced polymer electronics requiring sub-micrometer tandem structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wool Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Yeong Choi
- School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Boseok Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Haejung Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeran Song
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehee Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwun-Bum Chung
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - BongSoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ki Kwon
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Lee
- School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Christian Payne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Milind Deo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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17
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Nguyen-Huy C, Kim H, Kweon H, Kim DK, Kim DW, Oh SH, Shin EW. Modification of Disposable Red-Mud Catalysts for Slurry-Phase Hydrocracking of Vacuum Residue. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201200714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Nguyen-Phan TD, Pham VH, Kweon H, Chung JS, Kim EJ, Hur SH, Shin EW. Uniform distribution of TiO2 nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxide sheets by the chelating ligands. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 367:139-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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19
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Nguyen-Phan TD, Shin EW, Pham VH, Kweon H, Kim S, Kim EJ, Chung JS. Mesoporous titanosilicate/reduced graphene oxide composites: layered structure, high surface-to-volume ratio, doping effect and application in dye removal from water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33309k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lee I, Chung E, Kweon H, Yiacoumi S, Tsouris C. Scanning surface potential microscopy of spore adhesion on surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 92:271-6. [PMID: 22196463 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The adhesion of spores of Bacillus anthracis - the cause of anthrax and a likely biological threat - to solid surfaces is an important consideration in cleanup after an accidental or deliberate release. However, because of safety concerns, directly studying B. anthracis spores with advanced instrumentation is problematic. As a first step, we are examining the electrostatic potential of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is a closely related species that is often used as a simulant to study B. anthracis. Scanning surface potential microscopy (SSPM), also known as Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), was used to investigate the influence of relative humidity (RH) on the surface electrostatic potential of Bt that had adhered to silica, mica, or gold substrates. AFM/SSPM side-by-side images were obtained separately in air, at various values of RH, after an aqueous droplet with spores was applied on each surface and allowed to dry before measurements. In the SSPM images, a negative potential on the surface of the spores was observed compared with that of the substrates. The surface potential decreased as the humidity increased. Spores were unable to adhere to a surface with an extremely negative potential, such as mica.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States.
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