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Kim JY, Lee S, Kim G, Shin HJ, Lee EJ, Lee CS, Yoon S, Lee E, Lim A, Kim SH. Ameliorating effect of 2'-Fucosyllactose and 6'-Sialyllactose on lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00568-X. [PMID: 38490539 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) affect gut microbiota during neonatal development, particularly with respect to the immune system. Bovine milk-based infant formulas have low oligosaccharide contents. Thus, efforts to fortify infant formulas with HMO are being undertaken. Two major HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL), exert anti-inflammatory effects; however, the associations between anti-inflammatory effects induced by 2'-FL and 6'-SL co-treatment and gut microbiota composition and metabolite modulation remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effects of a mixture of these HMO. To determine the optimal HMO ratio for anti-inflammatory effects and elucidate its mode of action, LPS-induced inflammatory HT-29 epithelial cells and intestinal inflamed suckling mice were treated with various mixtures of 2'-FL and 6'-SL. 2'-FL:6'-SL ratio of 5:1 was identified as the most effective pre-treatment HMO mixture in vitro; thus, this ratio was selected and used for low, middle, and high-dose treatments for subsequent in vivo studies. In vivo, high-dose HMO treatment restored LPS-induced inflammation symptoms, such as body weight loss, colon length reduction, histological structural damage, and intestinal gene expression related to inflammatory responses. High-dose HMO was the only treatment that modulated the major phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and the genera Ihubacter, Mageeibacillus, and Saccharofermentans. These changes in microbial composition were correlated with intestinal inflammation-related gene expression and short-chain fatty acid production. To our knowledge, our study is the first to report the effects of Ihubacter, Mageeibacillus, and Saccharofermentans on short chain fatty acid levels, which can subsequently affect inflammatory cytokine and tight junction protein levels. Conclusively, the HMO mixture exerted anti-inflammatory effects through changes in microbiota and metabolite production. These findings suggested that supplementation of infant formula with HMO may benefit formula-fed infants by forming unique microbiota contributing to neonatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - G Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Shin
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - C S Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - S Yoon
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Lee
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Lim
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JY, Hyun DY, Nam D, Shin HJ, Jung J, Cho SY, Jung K, Hwang D, Lee SW, Kim JY. Proteogenomic Analysis of Human Uterine Cervical Cancer (UCC) Reveals Treatment-Resistant Subtypes of UCC. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S22. [PMID: 37784455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Locally advanced uterine cervical cancer (UCC) is treated by radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy, but heterogenous treatment responses are frequently observed. To better optimize therapeutic options based on molecular signatures, we performed proteogenomic analysis of UCC. MATERIALS/METHODS UCC tissue and blood samples were collected from patients who underwent primary radiotherapy ± chemotherapy at the National Cancer Center (NCC) in Korea from July 2004 to March 2020. Most samples were obtained via biopsy. Genomic DNA for WES was isolated from frozen biopsy tumor tissues and peripheral blood buffy-coat of patients. Both global proteome and phosphoproteome were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Whole exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, global proteomics and phosphoproteomics were performed using 253, 337, and 147 cervical cancer samples, respectively. Patient-derived xenograft were established using intratongue implantation using 2 primary cell lines from sub3 and sub5, and flow cytometric analysis was performed. RESULTS Fourteen significantly mutated genes (SMG) were found in our study cohort which include 5 newly identified SMGs. Mutation-phosphorylation analysis revealed association with apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton pathway. Proteogenomic analysis defined 6 molecular subtypes of UCC. Of those, 3 subtypes (i.e., Sub3, Sub5 and Sub6) were associated with treatment-resistant phenotypes. The cell-type deconvolution analysis suggested activated stroma with activation of cancer-associated fibroblast in Sub 3, while Sub5 showed low levels of activated stroma and high levels of myeloid immune cells. FACS analysis of UCC mouse models established from these 2 radio-resistant primary cell lines showed high component of PDGFRA+CAF infiltration in Sub 3, and high level of PVR+CD45+ immune cells mainly composed of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in Sub5. For Sub6, genes and/or protein signatures represented mucin-related processes (e.g., mucin glycosylation/sugar metabolism), which are linked to metastasis-associated Tn antigen production. CONCLUSION The proteogenomic analysis thus suggests potential targets for radiotherapy-resistant subtypes of UCC; secretory factors from activated stroma and cancer-associated fibroblast (Sub3); RHOA signaling, PVR, and PMN-MDSCs (Sub5), and keratin/chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and Tn antigen production (Sub6). Our study shows the importance of proteogenomic analysis in unveiling the subtype specific molecular pathways of UCC that are beyond reach by genomic data alone. The validity of our molecular pathway and cellular signatures linking these pathways should be further validated through detailed functional experiments and in larger UCC cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Y Hyun
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S Y Cho
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Lee J, Yang AWJ, Chung LIY, Yu J, Lee Y, Kim HS, Shin HJ, Choi YG, Bharat A, Chae YK. A Comprehensive Landscape of De Novo Malignancy After Double Lung Transplantation. Transpl Int 2023; 36:11552. [PMID: 37663524 PMCID: PMC10468575 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2023.11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Although the association between post-transplant malignancy (PTM) and immunosuppressive therapy after organ transplantation has been studied, an integrated review of PTM after lung transplantation is lacking. We investigated the incidence and types of de novo PTM and its impact on survival following double lung transplantation (DLT). The incidence and type of PTM as well as the annual and cumulative risks of each malignancy after DLT were analyzed. The overall survival (OS) of recipients with or without PTM was compared by the Kaplan-Meier survival method and landmark analysis. There were 5,629 cases (23.52%) with 27 types of PTMs and incidences and OS varied according to the types of PTMs. The recipients with PTM showed a significantly longer OS than those without PTM (p < 0.001). However, while the recipients with PTM showed significantly better OS at 3, and 5 years (p < 0.001, p = 0.007), it was worse at the 10-year landmark time (p = 0.013). And the single PTM group showed a worse OS rate than the multiple PTM group (p < 0.001). This comprehensive report on PTM following DLT can help understand the risks and timing of PTM to improve the implementation of screening and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrew Won Jun Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Liam Il-Young Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jisang Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yunjoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hye Sung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Jamaica Plain, MA, United States
| | - Young-Geun Choi
- Department of Mathematics Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ankit Bharat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
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Shin HJ, Son NH, Hwang SH, Song K. Reliability of synthetic diffusion-weighted imaging with a high b-value for paediatric abdominal MRI. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:616-621. [PMID: 37149417 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the reliability of synthetic diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using a high b-value in comparison to conventional DWI for paediatric abdominal MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paediatric patients (<19 years old) who underwent liver or pancreatobiliary MRI with DWI using 10 b-values (b = 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,500 s/mm2) from March to October 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Using the software, synthetic DWI using b = 1,500 s/mm2 was generated automatically by selecting the b-value required as output. Conventional and synthetic DWI values for b = 1,500 s/mm2 were measured at the liver, spleen, paraspinal muscle, and mass lesions, if present, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated using the mono-exponential model. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess the reliability of conventional and synthetic DWI and ADC values with b = 1,500 s/mm2. RESULTS Thirty paediatric patients (M:F = 22:8, mean 10.8 ± 3.1 years old) were included and four had tumours on abdominal MRI. ICC values were 0.906-0.995 between conventional and synthetic DWI and ADC with b = 1,500 s/mm2 in the liver, spleen and muscle. For mass lesions, ICC values were 0.997-0.999 for both synthetic DWI and ADC images. CONCLUSIONS Synthetic DWI and ADC values obtained using a high b-value showed excellent agreement with conventional DWI for the liver, spleen, muscle, and mass in paediatric MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea.
| | - N-H Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - K Song
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea
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Chow R, Simone II CB, Prsic EH, Shin HJ. Cost-effectiveness analysis of statins for the treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Ann Palliat Med 2022; 11:2285-2290. [DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Noh H, Lee J, Chow R, Lee J, Simone Ii CB, Shin HJ, Choi YG. The prognostic role of anticoagulants in COVID-19 patients: national COVID-19 cohort in South Korea. Ann Palliat Med 2022; 11:1317-1325. [PMID: 35400157 DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-3466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There currently exists a paucity of data on whether pre-admission anticoagulants use may have benefits among COVID-19 patients by preventing COVID-19 associated thromboembolism. The aim of this study was to assess the association between pre-admission anticoagulants use and COVID-19 adverse outcomes. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort studying using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) claims data released by the South Korean government. Our study population consisted of South Koreans who were aged 40 years or older and hospitalized with COVID-19 between 1 January 2020 through 15 May 2020. We defined anticoagulants users as individuals with inpatient and outpatient prescription records in 120 days before cohort entry. Our primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mechanical ventilation use. Individual components of the primary endpoint were secondary endpoints. We compared the risk of endpoints between the anticoagulants users and non-users by logistic regression models, with the standardized mortality ratio weighting (SMRW) adjustment. RESULTS In our cohort of 4,349 patients, for the primary endpoint of mortality, mechanical ventilation and ICU admission, no difference was noted between anticoagulants users and non-users (SMRW OR 1.11, 95% CI: 0.60-2.05). No differences were noted, among individual components. No effect modification was observed by age, sex, history of atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism, and history of cardiovascular disease. When applying the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and SMRW with doubly robust methods in sensitivity analysis, anticoagulants use was associated with increased odds of the primary endpoint. CONCLUSIONS Pre-admission anticoagulants were not determined to have a protective role against severe COVID-19 outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyerim Noh
- Department of Statistics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongseong Lee
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Ministry of Health and Welfare, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Ronald Chow
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, South Korea; New York Proton Center, New York, NY, USA; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jihui Lee
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Jamaica Plains, MA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Young-Geun Choi
- Department of Statistics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea; Digital Humanity Center and Research Institute of Natural Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chow R, Lee J, Noh H, Lee J, Simone Ii CB, Shin HJ, Choi YG. The association between statin and COVID-19 adverse outcomes: national COVID-19 cohort in South Korea. Ann Palliat Med 2022; 11:1297-1307. [PMID: 35400159 DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-3464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There currently exist limited and conflicting clinical data on the use of statins in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The aim of this paper was to compare hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who did and did not receive statins. METHODS We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study using South Korea's nationwide healthcare claim database. We identified consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and aged 40 years or older. Statin users were individuals with inpatient and outpatient prescription records of statins in the 240 days before cohort entry to capture patients who are chronic statin users and, therefore, receive statin prescriptions as infrequently as every 8 months. Our primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation use and cardiovascular outcomes [myocardial infarction (MI), transient cerebral ischemic attacks (TIA) or stroke]. We compared the risk of outcomes between statin users and non-users using logistic regression models after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjustment. RESULTS Of 234,427 subjects in the database, 4,349 patients were hospitalized with COVID-19 and aged 40+ years. In total, 1,115 patients were statin users (mean age =65.9 years; 60% female), and 3,234 were nonusers (mean age =58.3 years; 64% female). Pre-hospitalization statin use was not significantly associated with increased risk of the primary endpoint [IPTW odds ratio (OR) 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60-1.11]. Subgroup analysis showed a protective role of antecedent statin use for individuals with hypertension (IPTW OR 0.40; 95% CI: 0.23-0.69, P for interaction: 0.0087). CONCLUSIONS Pre-hospitalization statin use is not detrimental and may be beneficial amongst hypertensive COVID-19 patients. Further investigation into statin is needed for more conclusive effects of statins for treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Chow
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, South Korea; New York Proton Center, New York, NY, USA; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jihui Lee
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyerim Noh
- Department of Statistics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongseong Lee
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Ministry of Health and Welfare, Sejong, South Korea
| | | | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Jamaica Plains, MA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Young-Geun Choi
- Department of Statistics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea; Research Institute of Natural Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chiu L, Lo CH, Shen M, Chiu N, Aggarwal R, Lee J, Choi YG, Lam H, Prsic EH, Chow R, Shin HJ. Colchicine use in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261358. [PMID: 34962939 PMCID: PMC8714120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colchicine may inhibit inflammasome signaling and reduce proinflammatory cytokines, a purported mechanism of COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to report on the state of the current literature on the use of colchicine in COVID-19 and to investigate the reported clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients by colchicine usage. METHODS The literature was searched from January 2019 through January 28, 2021. References were screened to identify studies that reported the effect of colchicine usage on COVID-19 outcomes including mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, or mechanical ventilation. Studies were meta-analyzed for mortality by the subgroup of trial design (RCT vs observational) and ICU status. Studies reporting an risk ratio (RR), odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were analyzed separately. RESULTS Eight studies, reporting on 16,248 patients, were included in this review. The Recovery trial reported equivalent mortality between colchicine and non-colchicine users. Across the other studies, patients who received colchicine had a lower risk of mortality-HR of 0.25 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.66) and OR of 0.22 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.57). There was no statistical difference in risk of ICU admissions between patients with COVID-19 who received colchicine and those who did not-OR of 0.26 (95% CI: 0.06, 1.09). CONCLUSION Colchicine may reduce the risk of mortality in individuals with COVID-19. Further prospective investigation may further determine the efficacy of colchicine as treatment in COVID-19 patients in various care settings of the disease, including post-hospitalization and long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Chiu
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | - Chun-Han Lo
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Max Shen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Chiu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jihui Lee
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Henry Lam
- Library Services, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Horn Prsic
- Yale New Haven Health, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Ronald Chow
- Yale New Haven Health, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Chiu L, Shen M, Lo CH, Chiu N, Chen A, Shin HJ, Prsic EH, Hur C, Chow R, Lebwohl B. Effect of famotidine on hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259514. [PMID: 34735523 PMCID: PMC8568101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Famotidine is a competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist most commonly used for gastric acid suppression but thought to have potential efficacy in treating patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to summarize the current literature and report clinical outcomes on the use of famotidine for treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods Five databases were searched through February 12, 2021 to identify observational studies that reported on associations of famotidine use with outcomes in COVID-19. Meta-analysis was conducted for composite primary clinical outcome (e.g. rate of death, intubation, or intensive care unit admissions) and death separately, where either aggregate odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) was calculated. Results Four studies, reporting on 46,435 total patients and 3,110 patients treated with famotidine, were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant association between famotidine use and composite outcomes in patients with COVID-19: HR 0.63 (95% CI: 0.35, 1.16). Across the three studies that reported mortality separated from other endpoints, there was no association between famotidine use during hospitalization and risk of death—HR 0.67 (95% CI: 0.26, 1.73) and OR 0.79 (95% CI: 0.19, 3.34). Heterogeneity ranged from 83.69% to 88.07%. Conclusion Based on the existing observational studies, famotidine use is not associated with a reduced risk of mortality or combined outcome of mortality, intubation, and/or intensive care services in hospitalized individuals with COVID-19, though heterogeneity was high, and point estimates suggested a possible protective effect for the composite outcome that may not have been observed due to lack of power. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) may help determine the efficacy and safety of famotidine as a treatment for COVID-19 patients in various care settings of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Chiu
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | - Max Shen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | - Chun-Han Lo
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Chiu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Austin Chen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Jamaica Plain, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Horn Prsic
- Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Chin Hur
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | - Ronald Chow
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RC); (BL)
| | - Benjamin Lebwohl
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RC); (BL)
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Chow R, Im J, Chiu N, Chiu L, Aggarwal R, Lee J, Choi YG, Prsic EH, Shin HJ. The protective association between statins use and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253576. [PMID: 34166458 PMCID: PMC8224908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Statins may reduce a cytokine storm, which has been hypothesized as a possible mechanism of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to report on adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients by statin usage. METHODS Literatures were searched from January 2019 to December 2020 to identify studies that reported the association between statin usage and adverse outcomes, including mortality, ICU admissions, and mechanical ventilation. Studies were meta-analyzed for mortality by the subgroups of ICU status and statin usage before and after COVID-19 hospitalization. Studies reporting an odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were analyzed separately. RESULTS Thirteen cohorts, reporting on 110,078 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. Individuals who used statins before their COVID-19 hospitalization showed a similar risk of mortality, compared to those who did not use statins (HR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.50, 1.28; OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38, 1.03). Patients who were administered statins after their COVID-19 diagnosis were at a lower risk of mortality (HR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.61; OR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.75). The use of statins did not reduce the mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU (OR 0.65; 95% CI: 0.26, 1.64). Among non-ICU patients, statin users were at a lower risk of mortality relative to non-statin users (HR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.62; OR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.88). CONCLUSION Patients administered statins after COVID-19 diagnosis or non-ICU admitted patients were at lower risk of mortality relative to non-statin users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Chow
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Yale New Haven Health, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - James Im
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas Chiu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leonard Chiu
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jihui Lee
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Elizabeth Horn Prsic
- Yale New Haven Health, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Hanyang Impact Science Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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11
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Jeong HE, Lee J, Shin HJ, Shin JY. Socioeconomic disparities in Korea by health insurance type during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study. Epidemiol Health 2021; 43:e2021007. [PMID: 33445821 PMCID: PMC8060526 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2021007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored socioeconomic disparities in Korea using health insurance type as a proxy during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Korea's nationwide healthcare database, which contained all individuals who received a diagnostic test for COVID-19 (n=232,390) as of May 15, 2020. We classified our cohort by health insurance type into beneficiaries of the National Health Insurance (NHI) or Medicaid programs. Our study outcomes were infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and COVID-19-related outcomes, a composite of all-cause death, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilation use. We estimated age-, sex-, and Charlson comorbidity index score-adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 218,070 NHI and 14,320 Medicaid beneficiaries who received COVID-19 tests, 7,777 and 738 tested positive, respectively. The Medicaid beneficiaries were older (mean age, 57.5 vs. 47.8 years), more likely to be males (47.2 vs. 40.2%), and had a higher comorbidity burden (mean CCI, 2.0 vs. 1.7) than NHI beneficiaries. Compared to NHI beneficiaries, Medicaid beneficiaries had a 22% increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (aOR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.38), but had no significantly elevated risk of COVID-19-related outcomes (aOR 1.10, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.57); the individual events of the composite outcome yielded similar findings. CONCLUSIONS As socioeconomic factors, with health insurance as a proxy, could serve as determinants during the current pandemic, pre-emptive support is needed for high-risk groups to slow its spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Eol Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jongseong Lee
- Columbia School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Shin HJ, Chow R, Noh H, Lee J, Lee J, Simone II CB, Choi YG. The association between immunosuppressants use and COVID-19 adverse outcomes: national COVID-19 cohort in South Korea. Ann Palliat Med 2021; 11:1308-1316. [DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-3465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Kim JH, Baek YH, Lee H, Choe YJ, Shin HJ, Shin JY. Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 following the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers among patients with hypertension in Korea: a nationwide study. Epidemiol Health 2020; 43:e2021004. [PMID: 33445824 PMCID: PMC7973148 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2021004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent evidence has shown no harm associated with the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We sought to further clarify the possible association between ACEI/ARB use and the risk of poor clinical outcomes of COVID-19. METHODS From the completely enumerated COVID-19 cohort in Korea, we identified 1,290 patients with hypertension, of whom 682 had and 603 did not have records of ACEI/ARB use during the 30-day period before their COVID-19 diagnosis. Our primary endpoint comprised clinical outcomes, including all-cause mortality, use of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission, and sepsis. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to mitigate selection bias, and a Poisson regression model to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for comparing outcomes between ACEI/ARB users and non-users. RESULTS Compared to non-use, ACEI/ARB use was associated with lower clinical outcomes (IPTW-adjusted RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.85; p=0.005). For individual outcomes, ACEI/ARB use was not associated with all-cause mortality (IPTW-adjusted RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.09; p=0.097) or respiratory events (IPTW-adjusted RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.17; p=0.904). Subgroup analysis showed a trend toward a protective role of ACEIs and ARBs against overall outcomes in men (IPTW-adjusted RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.03; pinteraction=0.008) and patients with pre-existing respiratory disease (IPTW-adjusted RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.92; pinteraction=0.002). CONCLUSIONS We present clinical evidence to support continuing ACE/ARB use in COVID-19 patients with hypertension based on the completely enumerated Korean cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyesung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young June Choe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Jeong HE, Lee H, Shin HJ, Choe YJ, Filion KB, Shin JY. Association between NSAIDs use and adverse clinical outcomes among adults hospitalized with COVID-19 in South Korea: A nationwide study. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e4179-e4188. [PMID: 32717066 PMCID: PMC7454423 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may exacerbate COVID-19 and worsen associated outcomes by upregulating the enzyme that SARS-CoV-2 binds to enter cells. To our knowledge, no study has examined the association between NSAID use and the risk of COVID-19-related outcomes. METHODS We conducted a cohort study using South Korea’s nationwide healthcare database, which contains data of all subjects who received a test for COVID-19 (n=69,793) as of April 8, 2020. We identified adults hospitalized with COVID-19, where cohort entry was the date of hospitalization. NSAIDs users were those prescribed NSAIDs in the 7 days before and including cohort entry and non-users were those not prescribed NSAIDs during this period. Our primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital death, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation use, and sepsis; our secondary outcomes were cardiovascular complications and acute renal failure. We conducted logistic regression analysis to estimate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using inverse probability of treatment weighting to minimize confounding. RESULTS Of 1,824 adults hospitalized with COVID-19 (mean age 49.0 years; female 59%), 354 were NSAIDs users and 1,470 were non-users. Compared with non-use, NSAIDs use was associated with increased risks of the primary composite outcome (OR 1.54 [95% CI 1.13-2.11]) but insignificantly associated with cardiovascular complications (1.54 [0.96-2.48]) or acute renal failure (1.45 [0.49-4.14]). CONCLUSION While awaiting the results of confirmatory studies, we suggest NSAIDs be used with caution among patients with COVID-19 as the harms associated with their use may outweigh their benefits in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Eol Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyesung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Young June Choe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Kristian B Filion
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.,Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Woodward SH, Jamison AL, Souter T, Shin HJ, Loew DE, Armontrout JA. 1068 Using Sleep to Avoid Inpatient PTSD Treatment. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
During inpatient psychiatric treatment, mattress actigraphy can be used to track nightly sleep in a zero-burden fashion to examine its relationships with other markers of treatment progress. We report here on associations between actigraphic sleep parameters and treatment markers in combat veteran engaged in inpatient treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. We focus first on sleep scheduling, the best-validated outcome available from actigraphic data.
Methods
140 combat veteran inpatients provided between 5 and 164 nights of mattress actigraphy over the course of their inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations. The sample was characterized by multiple traumas and a high prevalence of comorbid mood and substance use disorders. Approximately one-half of the sample had undergone objective screening for OSA and for this subsample AHI < 20 was used as an inclusion criterion. Unscreened participants were required to have a BMI < 35. Inclusion also required mean actigraphic SE > 60%. The PTSD Checklist and Combat Exposure Scale were obtained at admission, from which a trauma load index was created by adding z-scores obtained from standardizing these scales.
Results
In a multiple regression analysis, after accounting for secular change in LOS, higher trauma loads (p < 0.001) and earlier bed times (p = 0.001) were both significantly associated with shorter lengths of stay (LOS; F(3,137) = 10.4, p < 0.001; adj. R-squared = 0.17). Trauma load and bed time did not interact (p = 0.7).
Conclusion
Avoidance is a criterial symptom of PTSD. Early bed times and early exits from treatment may both reflect the impact of syndromal avoidance on treatment, limiting its dosage and benefit. If so, prescribing later bed times may have utility in inpatient treatment programming.
Support
Award W81XWH-15-2-0005 from the Department of Defense, Military Operational Medicine Research Program and the Department of Veterans Affairs. This material is the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the Palo Alto VA Medical Center.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Souter
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - H J Shin
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - D E Loew
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
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16
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Roh M, Shin HJ, Laíns I, Providência J, Caseiro-Alves M, Barreto P, Vavvas DG, Miller JB, Kim IK, Gaziano JM, Liang L, Silva R, Miller JW, Husain D. Higher Intake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid and Monounsaturated Fatty Acid is Inversely Associated With AMD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:20. [PMID: 32058563 PMCID: PMC7326508 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the association between dietary fat intake and the presence of AMD. Methods Cross-sectional, observational study with cohorts prospectively recruited from the United States and Portugal. AMD was diagnosed based on color fundus photographs with the AREDS classification. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the percent energy intake of trans fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals for quintile of amount of FA were calculated. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the OR. Results We included 483 participants, 386 patients with AMD and 97 controls. Higher intake of trans fat was associated with a 2.3-fold higher odds of presence of AMD (P for trend = 0.0156), whereas a higher intake of PUFA (OR, 0.25; P for trend = 0.006) and MUFA (OR, 0.24; P for trend < 0.0001) presented an inverse association. Subgroup analysis showed that higher quintile of trans fat was associated with increased odds of having intermediate AMD (OR, 2.26; P for trend = 0.02); and higher quintile of PUFA and MUFA were inversely associated with intermediate AMD (OR, 0.2 [P for trend = 0.0013]; OR, 0.17 [P for trend < 0.0001]) and advanced AMD (OR, 0.13 [P for trend = 0.02]; OR, 0.26 [P for trend = 0.004]). Additionally, a statistically significant effect modification by country was noted with inverse association between MUFA and AMD being significant (OR, 0.04; P for trend < 0.0001) for the Portugal population only. Conclusions Our study shows that higher dietary intake of trans fat is associated with the presence of AMD, and a higher intake of PUFA and MUFA is inversely associated with AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miin Roh
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Beetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, United States
| | - Inês Laíns
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Providência
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Patrícia Barreto
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Demetrios G. Vavvas
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - John B. Miller
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ivana K. Kim
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - John Michael Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Rufino Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joan W. Miller
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Deeba Husain
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Li Y, Schoufour J, Wang DD, Dhana K, Pan A, Liu X, Song M, Liu G, Shin HJ, Sun Q, Al-Shaar L, Wang M, Rimm EB, Hertzmark E, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Franco OH, Hu FB. Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy free of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2020; 368:l6669. [PMID: 31915124 PMCID: PMC7190036 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l6669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how a healthy lifestyle is related to life expectancy that is free from major chronic diseases. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The Nurses' Health Study (1980-2014; n=73 196) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2014; n=38 366). MAIN EXPOSURES Five low risk lifestyle factors: never smoking, body mass index 18.5-24.9, moderate to vigorous physical activity (≥30 minutes/day), moderate alcohol intake (women: 5-15 g/day; men 5-30 g/day), and a higher diet quality score (upper 40%). MAIN OUTCOME Life expectancy free of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. RESULTS The life expectancy free of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer at age 50 was 23.7 years (95% confidence interval 22.6 to 24.7) for women who adopted no low risk lifestyle factors, in contrast to 34.4 years (33.1 to 35.5) for women who adopted four or five low risk factors. At age 50, the life expectancy free of any of these chronic diseases was 23.5 (22.3 to 24.7) years among men who adopted no low risk lifestyle factors and 31.1 (29.5 to 32.5) years in men who adopted four or five low risk lifestyle factors. For current male smokers who smoked heavily (≥15 cigarettes/day) or obese men and women (body mass index ≥30), their disease-free life expectancies accounted for the lowest proportion (≤75%) of total life expectancy at age 50. CONCLUSION Adherence to a healthy lifestyle at mid-life is associated with a longer life expectancy free of major chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josje Schoufour
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, ACHIEVE - Centre of Applied Research, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dong D Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoran Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laila Al-Shaar
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen Hertzmark
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Shin HJ, Yoo H, Lee JH, Lee SR, Jeong K, Moon HS. 1542 Robotic Single Port Laparoscopy Using the Da Vinci Sp® Surgical System For Benign Gynecologic Disease; Preliminary Report. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jiao J, Liu G, Shin HJ, Hu FB, Rimm EB, Rexrode KM, Manson JE, Zong G, Sun Q. Dietary fats and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes: analysis in two population based cohort studies. BMJ 2019; 366:l4009. [PMID: 31266749 PMCID: PMC6603712 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l4009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association of dietary fatty acids with cardiovascular disease mortality and total mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN Prospective, longitudinal cohort study. SETTING Health professionals in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 11 264 participants with type 2 diabetes in the Nurses' Health Study (1980-2014) and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2014). EXPOSURES Dietary fat intake assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires and updated every two to four years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Total and cardiovascular disease mortality during follow-up. RESULTS During follow-up, 2502 deaths including 646 deaths due to cardiovascular disease were documented. After multivariate adjustment, intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was associated with a lower cardiovascular disease mortality, compared with total carbohydrates: hazard ratios comparing the highest with the lowest quarter were 0.76 (95% confidence interval 0.58 to 0.99; P for trend=0.03) for total PUFAs, 0.69 (0.52 to 0.90; P=0.007) for marine n-3 PUFAs, 1.13 (0.85 to 1.51) for α-linolenic acid, and 0.75 (0.56 to 1.01) for linoleic acid. Inverse associations with total mortality were also observed for intakes of total PUFAs, n-3 PUFAs, and linoleic acid, whereas monounsaturated fatty acids of animal, but not plant, origin were associated with a higher total mortality. In models that examined the theoretical effects of substituting PUFAs for other fats, isocalorically replacing 2% of energy from saturated fatty acids with total PUFAs or linoleic acid was associated with 13% (hazard ratio 0.87, 0.77 to 0.99) or 15% (0.85, 0.73 to 0.99) lower cardiovascular disease mortality, respectively. A 2% replacement of energy from saturated fatty acids with total PUFAs was associated with 12% (hazard ratio 0.88, 0.83 to 0.94) lower total mortality. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes, higher intake of PUFAs, in comparison with carbohydrates or saturated fatty acids, is associated with lower total mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality. These findings highlight the important role of quality of dietary fat in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and total mortality among adults with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Geng Zong
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Contributed equally as senior authors
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Contributed equally as senior authors
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20
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Roh M, Laíns I, Shin HJ, Park DH, Mach S, Vavvas DG, Kim IK, Miller JW, Husain D, Miller JB. Microperimetry in age-related macular degeneration: association with macular morphology assessed by optical coherence tomography. Br J Ophthalmol 2019; 103:1769-1776. [PMID: 30709810 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Microperimetry is a technique that is increasingly used to assess visual function in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between retinal sensitivity measured with macular integrity assessment (MAIA) microperimetry and optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based macular morphology in AMD. METHODS Prospective, cross-sectional study. All participants were imaged with colour fundus photographs used for AMD staging (Age-Related Eye Disease Study scale), spectral-domain OCT (Spectralis, Heidelberg, Germany) and swept-source OCT (Topcon, Japan). Threshold retinal sensitivity of the central 10° diameter circle was assessed with the full-threshold, 37-point protocol of the MAIA microperimetry device (Centervue, Italy). Univariable and multivariable multilevel mixed-effect linear regression models were used for analysis. RESULTS We included 102 eyes with AMD and 46 control eyes. Multivariable analysis revealed that older age (p<0.0001), advanced AMD stage (p<0.0001) and reduced retinal thickness (p<0.0001) were associated with decreased mean retinal sensitivity. No associations were found between choroidal thickness and retinal sensitivity within the macula. Within the 10° diameter circle of the macula, the presence of ellipsoid disruption, subretinal fluid, atrophy and fibrosis, and outer retinal tubulation on OCT images was also associated with decreased retinal sensitivity (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is an association between TRS as determined by MAIA microperimetry and several OCT structural parameters across various stages of AMD. This study highlights the relevance of microperimetry as a functional outcome measure for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miin Roh
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Beetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Inês Laíns
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Division of Global Health Equity, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dong Ho Park
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Steven Mach
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ivana K Kim
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joan W Miller
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Deeba Husain
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John B Miller
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Liu G, Li Y, Hu Y, Zong G, Li S, Rimm EB, Hu FB, Manson JE, Rexrode KM, Shin HJ, Sun Q. Influence of Lifestyle on Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71:2867-2876. [PMID: 29929608 PMCID: PMC6052788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is limited regarding the impact of healthy lifestyle practices on the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events among patients with diabetes. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of an overall healthy lifestyle, defined by eating a high-quality diet (top two-fifths of Alternative Healthy Eating Index), nonsmoking, engaging in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (≥150 min/week), and drinking alcohol in moderation (5 to 15 g/day for women and 5 to 30 g/day for men), with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS This prospective analysis included 11,527 participants with T2D diagnosed during follow-up (8,970 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 2,557 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study), who were free of CVD and cancer at the time of diabetes diagnosis. Diet and lifestyle factors before and after T2D diagnosis were repeatedly assessed every 2 to 4 years. RESULTS There were 2,311 incident CVD cases and 858 CVD deaths during an average of 13.3 years of follow-up. After multivariate adjustment of covariates, the low-risk lifestyle factors after diabetes diagnosis were each associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence and CVD mortality. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for participants with 3 or more low-risk lifestyle factors compared with 0 were 0.48 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40 to 0.59) for total CVD incidence, 0.53 (95% CI: 0.42 to 0.66) for incidence of coronary heart disease, 0.33 (95% CI: 0.21 to 0.51) for stroke incidence, and 0.32 (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.47) for CVD mortality (all p trend <0.001). The population-attributable risk for poor adherence to the overall healthy lifestyle (<3 low-risk factors) was 40.9% (95% CI: 28.5% to 52.0%) for CVD mortality. In addition, greater improvements in healthy lifestyle factors from pre-diabetes to post-diabetes diagnosis were also significantly associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence and CVD mortality. For each number increment in low-risk lifestyle factors there was a 14% lower risk of incident total CVD, a 12% lower risk of coronary heart disease, a 21% lower risk of stroke, and a 27% lower risk of CVD mortality (all p < 0.001). Similar results were observed when analyses were stratified by diabetes duration, sex/cohort, body mass index at diabetes diagnosis, smoking status, and lifestyle factors before diabetes diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Greater adherence to an overall healthy lifestyle is associated with a substantially lower risk of CVD incidence and CVD mortality among adults with T2D. These findings further support the tremendous benefits of adopting a healthy lifestyle in reducing the subsequent burden of cardiovascular complications in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geng Zong
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Boston University School of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Roh M, Selivanova A, Shin HJ, Miller JW, Jackson ML. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity are two important factors affecting vision-related quality of life in advanced age-related macular degeneration. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196481. [PMID: 29746512 PMCID: PMC5944956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vision loss from age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has a profound effect on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL). The pupose of this study is to identify clinical factors associated with VRQoL using the Rasch- calibrated NEI VFQ-25 scales in bilateral advanced AMD patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 47 patients (mean age 83.2 years) with bilateral advanced AMD. Clinical assessment included age, gender, type of AMD, high contrast visual acuity (VA), history of medical conditions, contrast sensitivity (CS), central visual field loss, report of Charles Bonnet Syndrome, current treatment for AMD and Rasch-calibrated NEI VFQ-25 visual function and socioemotional function scales. The NEI VFQ visual function scale includes items of general vision, peripheral vision, distance vision and near vision-related activity while the socioemotional function scale includes items of vision related-social functioning, role difficulties, dependency, and mental health. Multiple regression analysis (structural regression model) was performed using fixed item parameters obtained from the one-parameter item response theory model. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed that high contrast VA and CS were two factors influencing VRQoL visual function scale (β = -0.25, 95% CI-0.37 to -0.12, p<0.001 and β = 0.35, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.46, p<0.001) and socioemontional functioning scale (β = -0.2, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.03, p = 0.023, and β = 0.3, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.43, p = 0.001). Central visual field loss was not assoicated with either VRQoL visual or socioemontional functioning scale (β = -0.08, 95% CI-0.28 to 0.12,p = 0.44 and β = -0.09, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.16, p = 0.50, respectively). CONCLUSION In patients with vision impairment secondary to bilateral advanced AMD, high contrast VA and CS are two important factors affecting VRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miin Roh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Selivanova
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health care system, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joan W Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mary Lou Jackson
- VGH/Univeristy of British Coumbia Eye Care Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Shin HJ, Kim N, Kim HS, Lee WW, Lee CS, Kim B. A scanning transmission X-ray microscope at the Pohang Light Source. J Synchrotron Radiat 2018; 25:878-884. [PMID: 29714200 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577518002564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A scanning transmission X-ray microscope is operational at the 10A beamline at the Pohang Light Source. The 10A beamline provides soft X-rays in the photon energy range 100-2000 eV using an elliptically polarized undulator. The practically usable photon energy range of the scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) setup is from ∼150 to ∼1600 eV. With a zone plate of 25 nm outermost zone width, the diffraction-limited space resolution, ∼30 nm, is achieved in the photon energy range up to ∼850 eV. In transmission mode for thin samples, STXM provides the element, chemical state and magnetic moment specific distributions, based on absorption spectroscopy. A soft X-ray fluorescence measurement setup has been implemented in order to provide the elemental distribution of thicker samples as well as chemical state information with a space resolution of ∼50 nm. A ptychography setup has been implemented in order to improve the space resolution down to 10 nm. Hardware setups and application activities of the STXM are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joon Shin
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, 127 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Namdong Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, 127 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seob Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, 127 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wol Woo Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, 127 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Soon Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, 127 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongsoo Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, 127 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, Republic of Korea
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Sharma A, Varshney M, Nanda SS, Shin HJ, Kim N, Yi DK, Chae KH, Ok Won S. Structural, electronic structure and antibacterial properties of graphene-oxide nano-sheets. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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25
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Shin HJ, Park JM, Kim KH, Shin DW, Park JS, Roh JY, Kim H. Comparison of the Analgesic Effect of an Ice Cube versus 4% Lidocaine Cream in Intradermal Antibiotic Skin Testing. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791201900505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was performed to compare the analgesic effect of an ice cube with that of 4% lidocaine cream (L.M.X.4®) for intradermal skin testing. Methods In this prospective randomised study, healthy adult volunteers were divided into ice cube and lidocaine analgesic pretreatment groups. Randomisation was performed using a randomisation table in blocks of four. Intradermal skin testing was performed after applying ice in the ice cube group and 5 mg of lidocaine cream in the lidocaine group. After the intradermal skin test, the pain intensity was investigated using the visual analog scale (VAS) on questionnaires. We calculated that a minimum of 24 subjects were required for statistical power of 80% at a significance level of 0.05 (two-sided). The groups' VAS scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results The study population consisted of 35 volunteers: 17 in the ice cube group and 18 in the lidocaine group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The median VAS score was 20 (interquartile range: 0-35) in the ice cube group and 70 (interquartile range: 50-80) in the lidocaine group (p<0.001). Conclusions The results suggested the utility of an ice cube as analgesic pretreatment for intradermal skin testing in the emergency department.
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Lee WJ, Kang HJ, Shin HJ, Won CH, Chang SE, Choi JH, Lee MW. Neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis and Sweet-like neutrophilic dermatosis: under-recognized neutrophilic dermatoses in lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2017; 27:628-636. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203317736145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W J Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C H Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S E Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M W Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Vasudevan A, Jazi HH, Won JI, Ball T, Patankar GR, Sarmast SA, Shin HJ, McCullough PA. Personalized treatment of heart failure with biomarker guidance using a novel disease severity score. Proc AMIA Symp 2017; 30:139-142. [PMID: 28405060 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2017.11929561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a novel Myocardial Injury Summary Score (MISS) integrating the 4 biomarkers suggested by the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for management of heart failure. In this case series, we examined 4 heart failure patients who received treatment guided by the biomarker results and 4 patients who received routine clinical management with no information about the biomarkers. Most of the patients receiving biomarker-guided management had medications adjusted based on the biomarker values, while no changes were recommended for patients in the biomarker-blinded category. This case series suggests that biomarker-guided therapy with serial biomarker values leads to timely therapeutic adjustment and that biomarker values as a composite score can be used effectively to measure the severity of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Vasudevan
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
| | - Hourossadat Hashemi Jazi
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
| | - Jane I Won
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
| | - Timothy Ball
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
| | - Gautam R Patankar
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
| | - Syed A Sarmast
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
| | - Peter A McCullough
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Dallas Campus, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won, McCullough); Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas (Vasudevan, Won); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Jazi, Ball, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas (Ball, Won, Patankar, Sarmast, McCullough); Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts (Shin); and The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas (McCullough)
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Imran TF, Shin HJ, Mathenge N, Wang F, Kim B, Joseph J, Gaziano JM, Djoussé L. Meta-Analysis of the Usefulness of Plasma Galectin-3 to Predict the Risk of Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure and in the General Population. Am J Cardiol 2017; 119:57-64. [PMID: 28247849 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 is an emerging biomarker of myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and immune response. We sought to examine the relation of plasma galectin-3 with cardiovascular (CVD) mortality, all-cause mortality, and incident heart failure (HF). We performed a literature search for all relevant publications using Ovid MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and other databases up to January 2016. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We extracted hazard ratios (HRs) from regression models that adjusted for age, gender, race, body mass index, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, natriuretic peptides, and renal function, when available. A total of 18 studies with 32,350 participants (323,090 person-years of follow-up) met criteria for analysis. The mean age was 57.3 years and 47.2% of participants were women, with a follow-up duration median of 5 years, interquartile range: 2.9 to 10 years. Of the 18 studies, 13 (72%) adjusted for N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide and renal function in the multivariable adjusted models. Using a random-effects meta-analysis, we found an HR of 1.10 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.14) for all-cause mortality, 1.22 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.39) for CVD mortality, and 1.12 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.21) for HF risk for each 1 SD increase in galectin-3 level. In a subgroup analysis of CVD mortality, the HR was 1.44 (1.09 to 1.79) for patients with HF and 1.09 (0.91 to 1.27) for the general population. In conclusion, our results suggest that elevated plasma galectin-3 is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and HF. It may add prognostic value beyond that provided by traditional CVD risk factors.
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Shin HJ, Woo KI, Kim YD. Factors associated with rhinostomy shape after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:550-556. [PMID: 27727517 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the factors associated with rhinostomy shape after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. DESIGN Retrospective comparative study. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and two cases in 70 patients were included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE All cases were classified into three groups according to the healed appearance of the rhinostomy: flat, ladle and ice scoop type. The flat shape was characterised by an opening with a flat surrounding and no clear border between the lacrimal sac and the nasal mucosa. The ladle shape had a depressed base without markings of a lacrimal sac. The ice scoop shape had a depressed base with a clear border between the lacrimal sac and the nasal mucosa. Anatomic success was defined as patency with syringing and endoscopic evidence of ostial patency. Functional success was defined as visualisation of fluorescein dye at the ostium and relief from epiphora. Clinical information and intra- and postoperative endoscopic video findings were compared between the three groups. RESULTS Of the 102 cases, 19 flat, 37 ladle and 46 ice scoop type rhinostomies were observed during the follow-up examinations. Among the variables studied, patient demographics and rhinostomy size and location did not differ between the three groups. However, intraoperative lacrimal sac findings (sac size, wall thickness and mobility), postoperative ostial shrinkage and rhinostomy movement were associated with postoperative rhinostomy shape (all P < 0.05). With regard to surgical outcomes, there were no differences in anatomical patency between the three groups. However, the flat group had a worse functional success rate (73.7%) than the ladle (91.9%) and ice scoop (97.8%) groups (P = 0.008). A higher degree of ostial shrinkage and poor rhinostomy movement was observed with the flat shape appearance, which had a small, thick and poorly mobile lacrimal sac. CONCLUSIONS Lacrimal sac characteristics play a prominent role in determining rhinostomy shape after endoscopic DCR. The rhinostomy shape, along with the degree of ostial shrinkage and rhinostomy movement, is predictive of functional success after endoscopic DCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K I Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-D Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Han E, Kim G, Hong N, Lee YH, Kim DW, Shin HJ, Lee BW, Kang ES, Lee IK, Cha BS. Association between dietary acid load and the risk of cardiovascular disease: nationwide surveys (KNHANES 2008-2011). Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:122. [PMID: 27565571 PMCID: PMC5002186 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acid-base imbalance has been reported to increase incidence of hypertension and diabetes. However, the association between diet-induced acid load and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the general population has not been fully investigated. METHODS This was a population-based, retrospectively registered cross-sectional study using nationally representative samples of 11,601 subjects from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. Individual CVD risk was evaluated using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk equations according to 2013 ACC/AHA guideline assessment in subjects aged 40-79 without prior CVD. Acid-base status was assessed with both the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and the dietary acid load (DAL) scores derived from nutrient intake. RESULTS Individuals in the highest PRAL tertile had a significant increase in 10 year ASCVD risks (9.6 vs. 8.5 %, P < 0.01) and tended to belong to the high-risk (10 year risk >10 %) group compared to those in the lowest PRAL tertile (odds ratio [OR] 1.23, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.22-1.35). The association between higher PRAL score and high CVD risk was stronger in the middle-aged group. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis also demonstrated this association (OR 1.20 95 % CI 1.01-1.43). Subgroup analysis stratified obesity or exercise status; individuals in unhealthy condition with lower PRAL scores had comparable ASCVD risk to people in the higher PRAL group that were in favorable physical condition. In addition, elevated PRAL scores were associated with high ASCVD risk independent of obesity, exercise, and insulin resistance, but not sarcopenia. Similar trends were observed with DAL scores. CONCLUSION Diet-induced acid load was associated with increased risk of CVD, independent of obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Han
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Namki Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dong Woo Kim
- Department of Home Economics, Food and Nutrition, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyun Joon Shin
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center and Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Byung-Wan Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Seok Kang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Cha
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Na HS, Shin HJ, Lee YJ, Kim JH, Koo KH, Do SH. Tranexamic acid, hip replacement and starch--a reply. Anaesthesia 2016; 71:476-7. [PMID: 26994544 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - K H Koo
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Do
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim JE, Ahn JH, Jung KH, Lee HJ, Gong GY, Lee EM, Ha EJ, Son BH, Ahn SH, Ahn SD, Kim HH, Shin HJ, Kim SB. Abstract P1-14-15: A randomized phase lll trial of neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy with 4 cycles of adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel (AC4-D4) versus shorter 3 cycles of FEC followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel (FEC3-D3) in node-positive breast cancer (Neo-Shorter): First report of efficacy & toxicity profile. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p1-14-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The addition of a taxane to anthracycline-based chemotherapy provided an improved outcome in neoadjuant setting. Two neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 4 cycles of AC followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel (AC4-D4) and 3 cycles of FEC followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel (FEC3-D3) are widely used. Short duration of chemotherapy, 6 cycles rather than 8 cycles might be an attractive approach.
Methods: This is a randomized, single-center, prospective, parallel group, comparative phase III trial (NCT02001506). Patients (pts) with breast cancer of clinically stage II or III, or sized 1.5 cm with histologically proven lymph-node involvement were included. Pts were stratified according to hormone receptor and HER2 expression status and randomized to AC4-D4 and 3 cycles of FEC3-D3 treatment. The primary endpoint was pathological complete response, defined as the absence of invasive disease in the breast and axillary lymph nodes, analyzed by intention to treat.
Results: At the time of submission, a total of 207 pts were enrolled; 1 pt failed screening; 25 pts dropped out (5 pts in AC4-D4 arm and 2 pts in FEC3-D3 arm discontinue treatment due to progressive disease); 39 pts are still receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy; 142 pts, who received surgery, were included for this analysis. In AC4-D4 arm, among 64 pts, 57 pts achieved clinical response (6 complete response [CR] and 51 partial response [PR]) and among them 9 pts achieved pathologic complete response [pCR]. In FEC3-D3 arm, among 78 pts, 66 pts achieved clinical response (7 CR and 59 PR) and among them 11 pts achieved pCR. Addition of docetaxel increased clinical response in both arms. The most common adverse event was febrile neutropenia. Without prophylactic G-CSF, grade ≥3 febrile neutropenia (FN) occurred 23/661 cycles (3.5%) in AC4-D4 arm and 23/552 cycles (4.2%) in FEC3-D3 arm, respectively. Grade 3 and 4 toxicities other than FN were reported at expected levels in both groups. Sixty-one severe adverse events were reported; 33 (including 23 FN) in AC4-D4 arm and 28 (including 23 FN) in FEC3-D3 arm.
Conclusion: Compared to AC4-D4, shorter duration of FEC3-D3 neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed similar efficacy of pCR rate of 14.0% (versus 14.1% in AC4-D4 arm). The most common and important adverse event was febrile neutropenia in both arms. Updated study findings will be provided.
Citation Format: Kim JE, Ahn J-H, Jung KH, Lee HJ, Gong G-Y, Lee E-M, Ha EJ, Son B-H, Ahn S-H, Ahn SD, Kim H-H, Shin HJ, Kim S-B. A randomized phase lll trial of neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy with 4 cycles of adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel (AC4-D4) versus shorter 3 cycles of FEC followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel (FEC3-D3) in node-positive breast cancer (Neo-Shorter): First report of efficacy & toxicity profile. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-14-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- JE Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KH Jung
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Lee
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G-Y Gong
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E-M Lee
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - EJ Ha
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B-H Son
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SD Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-H Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Shin
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sohn JH, Rha SY, Jeung HC, Shin HJ, Goo YS, Chung HC, Yang WI, Hahn SB, Shin KH, Min JS, Kim BS, Roh JK, Jang WI. Efficacy of Pre- and Postoperative Chemotherapy in Patients with Osteosarcoma of the Extremities. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 33:520-6. [PMID: 26680832 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2001.33.6.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the treatment efficacy including survival and recurrence, and factors associated with recurrence in osteosarcoma patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty nine patients with osteosarcoma were treated with preoperative chemotherapy with intra-arterial cisplatin and adriamycin infusion for 3 cycles, followed by surgery. According to the pathologic response, if tumor was necrotized more than 90%, the same adjuvant chemotherapy was reintroduced for 3 cycles, and if the response was not enough, then the salvage regimen was introduced. Plain chest film and chest CT scan were taken monthly and every 3 months, respectively. When tumor recurred, the metastasectomy was performed whenever possible. RESULTS Forty three patients were evaluable with amedian follow up of 53 months. Five-year disease-free and overallsurvival rate was 47.0% and 66.9%, respectively. The recurrence was observed in 22 patients (51.2%) with median time of 12.5 months. Baseline alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was the only significant factor for recurrence (p=0.03) and the patients with the possibility of metastasectomy recurrence showed higher post-relapse survival compared to other treatment modalities (26 momths vs 5~12 months). CONCLUSION These results indicates that pre- and postoperative chemotherapy with intra-arterial cisplatin and adriamycin infusion showed comparable treatment efficacy and acceptable toxicities.
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Sharma A, Varshney M, Park J, Ha TK, Chae KH, Shin HJ. Bifunctional Ce(1-x)Eu(x)O2 (0 ≤x≤ 0.3) nanoparticles for photoluminescence and photocatalyst applications: an X-ray absorption spectroscopy study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:30065-75. [PMID: 26499907 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05251c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ce1-xEuxO2 (0 ≤x≤ 0.3) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by the chemical precipitation method. The microstructures and morphology were characterized by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra at the Eu M5,4-edge and atomic-multiplet calculations revealed that Eu(3+) was predominantly present in the CeO2 lattice and Eu(2+) was negligibly present within the entire doping range. The detailed analysis of the Ce M5,4-edge and the O K-edge has shown strong dependence of the Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) ratio and oxygen vacancy with Eu content. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra at the Ce K-edge, along with theoretical fitting, have shown systematic variation in the coordination number, bond length and Debye-Waller factor with Eu doping. A blue shift in the absorption edge was observed which implies a net increase in the charge transfer gap between the O 2p and Ce 4f bands due to the increased number of Ce(3+) ions in the Eu doped samples. The excitation and emission spectra of pure CeO2 NPs did not show any photoluminescence (PL) characteristic; however, Ce1-xEuxO2 (x = 0.1-0.3) NPs showed significant improvements in the 4f-4f, (5)D0-(7)F2 and (5)D0-(7)F1 transitions induced luminescence properties. Eu doping has two major effects on the electronic structure and optical properties of CeO2 NPs: the first, at an Eu content of 10 mol%, is the formation of Ce(4+)-O-Eu(3+) networks, i.e., Eu(3+) ions substitute the Ce(4+) ions and introduce oxygen vacancies and Ce(3+) ions in the host lattice, which favors the (5)D0-(7)F2 induced PL properties. The other, at an Eu doping over 10 mol%, is the formation of both Ce(4+)-O-Eu(3+) and Ce(3+)-O-Eu(3+), i.e., Eu(3+) ions not only take substitutional sites of Ce(4+) ions but also replace a fraction of Ce(3+) ions in the CeO2 lattice which favors (5)D0-(7)F1 induced PL properties. As an application of CeO2 NPs towards the degradation of water pollutants, we demonstrated that the Ce1-xEuxO2 (0 ≤x≤ 0.3) NPs can serve as effective photocatalyst materials towards the degradation of the methyl-orange aqueous pollutant dye under UV light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sharma
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (POSTECH), Pohang-790784, South Korea.
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Na HS, Shin HJ, Lee YJ, Kim JH, Koo KH, Do SH. The effect of tranexamic acid on blood coagulation in total hip replacement arthroplasty: rotational thromboelastographic (ROTEM®) analysis. Anaesthesia 2015; 71:67-75. [PMID: 26559015 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated changes in rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM(®) ) parameters and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing total hip replacement arthroplasty, with concomitant infusions of tranexamic acid and of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4. Fifty-five patients were randomly assigned to either the tranexamic acid (n = 29) or the control (n = 26) group. Hydroxyethyl starch was administered in the range of 10-15 ml.kg(-1) during the operation in both groups. In the control group, the clot formation time and maximum clot firmness of APTEM showed significant differences when compared with those of EXTEM at one hour postoperatively, suggestive of fibrinolysis. In the tranexamic acid group, there was no significant difference between each postoperative EXTEM and APTEM parameter. In the tranexamic acid and control group, postoperative blood loss was 308 ml (210-420 [106-745]) and 488 ml (375-620 [170-910], p = 0.002), respectively, and total blood loss was 1168 ml (922-1470 [663-2107]) and 1563 ml (1276-1708 [887-1494], p = 0.003). Haemoglobin concentration was higher in the tranexamic acid group on the second postoperative day (10.5 (9.4-12.1 [7.9-14.0]) vs. 9.6 (8.9-10.5[7.3-16.0]) g.dl(-1) , p = 0.027). In patients undergoing total hip replacement arthroplasty, postoperative fibrinolysis aggravated by hydroxyethyl starch was attenuated by co-administration of 10 mg.kg(-1) tranexamic acid, which may have led to less postoperative blood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - K H Koo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - S H Do
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
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Shin HJ, Na HS, Do SH. A reply. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:762-3. [PMID: 25959195 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - H S Na
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - S H Do
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Na HS, Shin HJ, Kang SB, Hwang JW, Do SH. A reply. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:363-4. [PMID: 25682822 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Paudel S, Park JE, Jang H, Shin HJ. Comparison of serum neutralization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on sera from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus vaccinated pigs. Vet Q 2014; 34:218-23. [PMID: 25415042 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2014.979512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an economically important pathogen of swine. OBJECTIVE Serum neutralization (SN) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test results as well as the utility of spike proteins S1, S2, and S3 and entire nucleocapsid protein were compared. ANIMALS AND METHODS Serum samples from 400 pigs vaccinated against PEDV strain SM98P were collected from 78 farms in Korea. SN test and ELISA were performed to confirm the presence of antibodies. For prokaryotic expression of partial fragments of spike protein the size and location of S1, S2, and S3, and full nucleocapsid protein, polymerase chain reaction was performed using specific primers. RESULTS Comparison of these results demonstrated that there was a correlation between the SN and ELISA results. Sera with higher neutralizing activity also had higher IgG titer. The antibody profiling data presented the correlation of neutralizing activity with the level of spike protein antibody. In particular, the S3 region may have an important role in neutralizing activity. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that the carboxy-terminal region that includes the endodomain of the S protein induced stronger neutralizing activity than the region that includes the ectodomain. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The region of the S protein may have a stronger neutralizing KPEDV-9 epitope and could be useful for the evaluation of future PEDV vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paudel
- a Laboratory of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea
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Paudel S, Park JE, Jang H, Hyun BH, Yang DG, Shin HJ. Evaluation of antibody response of killed and live vaccines against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in a field study. Vet Q 2014; 34:194-200. [PMID: 25398090 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2014.973999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an infectious, highly contagious virus, and is an etiological agent of acute entero-pathogenic diarrhea in swine. OBJECTIVES Evaluation of the antibody response of two types of PEDV vaccines is to be carried out. ANIMALS AND METHODS Sows were vaccinated with either live or killed commercial PEDV SM98 (GenBank: GU937797.1) vaccines. Four different groups of sows with five sows in each group were used in this study: the unvaccinated negative control group, the killed virus vaccination group with killed virus boosting (K/K), the live virus vaccinated group with live virus boosting (L/L), and the combination group vaccinated with live virus and subsequently boosted with killed vaccine (L/K). Sows were vaccinated intramuscularly twice at four and two weeks prior to farrowing with 2ml/head vaccine dose. Antibody titers in sow and piglet serum one week after farrowing and that in colostrum were compared by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum neutralization test. RESULTS Vaccination with K/K vaccine induced the highest level of IgG and IgA in sow serum, colostrum, and especially in piglet serum, with the lowest levels found in the L/L group. The major neutralizing activity was also found in the K/K group, particularly in colostrum, with piglets bearing higher neutralizing activity compared to sow sera. Among recombinant spike S1, S2, S3, and nucleocapsid N protein of PEDV, S3 protein presented the highest antibody level in the K/K group. CONCLUSION Killed PEDV SM98 vaccine induced higher antibody levels. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study clearly confirms that killed vaccine has induced higher antibody levels and may contribute to the design of future research and vaccine programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paudel
- a Laboratory of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Korea
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Shin HJ, Na HS, Do SH. The effects of acute normovolaemic haemodilution on peri-operative coagulation in total hip arthroplasty. Anaesthesia 2014; 70:304-9. [PMID: 25266198 DOI: 10.1111/anae.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Total hip arthroplasty results in substantial blood loss in the peri-operative period. We evaluated the effects of acute normovolaemic haemodilution on blood coagulation and platelet function in 11 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. We performed acute normovolaemic haemodilution and haematological tests, rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM(®) ) and whole-blood impedance aggregometry. Blood samples were obtained at three time points: (i) before the initiation of acute normovolaemic haemodilution; (ii) 20 min after completion of acute normovolaemic haemodilution; and (iii) 20 min after retransfusion. After acute normovolaemic haemodilution, ROTEM parameters demonstrated hypocoagulability. Clot formation time of INTEM was increased by 31.6% (p = 0.016), whereas the α-angle and maximum clot formation of INTEM decreased by 8.1% (p = 0.032) and 3.0% (p = 0.013) respectively, compared with baseline values. Clotting time and clot formation time of EXTEM were increased by 40.8% (p = 0.042) and 31.3% (p = 0.016), respectively, whereas the α-angle and maximum clot formation of EXTEM were decreased by 11.9% (p = 0.020) and 9.5% (p = 0.013), respectively. The maximum clot formation of FIBTEM decreased by 35.1% compared with the baseline value (p = 0.007). Following retransfusion, ROTEM values returned to baseline; clot formation time decreased and the α-angle and maximum clot formation increased. There were no significant changes in platelet aggregation during the study. At 20 min after the end of acute normovolaemic haemodilution, the international normalised ratio of prothrombin time was increased compared with the baseline value (p = 0.003). We conclude that acute normovolaemic haemodilution resulted in a hypocoagulable state compared with baseline values and that coagulation parameters returned to normal after retransfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
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Shin HJ, McCullough PA. Focus on lipids: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its associated lipoproteins in cardiac and renal disease. Nephron Clin Pract 2014; 127:158-64. [PMID: 25343842 DOI: 10.1159/000363552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) contains dozens of apoproteins that participate in normal cholesterol metabolism with a reliance on renal catabolism for clearance from the body. The plasma pool of HDL-C has been an excellent inverse predictor of cardiovascular events. However, when HDL-C concentrations have been manipulated with the use of niacin, fibric acid derivatives, and cholesteryl ester transferase protein inhibitors, there has been no improvement in outcomes in patients where the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol has been well treated with statins. Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) is one of the minor apoproteins of HDL-C, newly discovered in 1997. Circulating APOL1 is a 43-kDa protein mainly found in the HDL3 subfraction. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), mutant forms of APOL1 have been associated with rapidly progressive CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Because mutant forms of APOL1 are more prevalent in African Americans compared to Caucasians, it may explain some of the racial disparities seen in the pool of patients with ESRD in the United States. Thus, HDL-C is an important lipoprotein carrying apoproteins that play roles in vascular and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joon Shin
- Baylor University Medical Center, Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Tex., USA
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Kim H, Kim HH, Park JS, Shin HJ, Cha JH, Chae EY, Choi WJ. Prediction of pathological complete response of breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy: usefulness of breast MRI computer-aided detection. Br J Radiol 2014; 87:20140142. [PMID: 25162970 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the usefulness of MR computer-aided detection (CAD) in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for prediction of the pathological complete response of tumours. METHODS 148 patients with breast cancer (mean age, 47.3 years; range, 29-72 years) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included in our study. They underwent MRI before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and we reviewed the pathological result as the gold standard. The computer-generated kinetic features for each lesion were recorded, and the features analysed included "threshold enhancement" at 50% and 100% minimum thresholds; degree of initial peak enhancement; and enhancement profiles comprising lesion percentages of washout, plateau and persistent enhancement. The final pathological size and character of tumours were correlated with post-chemotherapy mammography, ultrasonography and MR CAD findings. Kruskal-Wallis test and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to analyse the findings. RESULTS We divided the 148 patients into complete pathological response and non-complete pathological response groups. A complete pathological response was defined as no histopathological evidence of any residual invasive cancer cells in the breast or axillary lymph nodes. 39 patients showed complete pathological response, and 109 patients showed non-complete pathological response. Between enhancement profiles of MR CAD, plateau proportion of tumours was significantly correlated with the pathological response of tumours (mean proportion of plateau on complete pathological response group was 27%, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION When plateau proportion of tumours is high, we can predict non-complete pathological response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE MR CAD can be a useful tool for the assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and prediction of pathological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- 1 Department of Radiology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shin HJ, Cho E, Lee HJ, Fung TT, Rimm E, Rosner B, Manson JE, Wheelan K, Hu FB. Instant noodle intake and dietary patterns are associated with distinct cardiometabolic risk factors in Korea. J Nutr 2014; 144:1247-55. [PMID: 24966409 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.188441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of instant noodles is relatively high in Asian populations. It is unclear whether a higher intake of instant noodles is associated with cardiometabolic risk independent of overall dietary patterns. We therefore investigated the association using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV 2007-2009, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of the Korean population with a clustered, multistage, stratified, and rolling sampling design. A total of 10,711 adults (54.5% women) 19-64 y of age were analyzed, with adjustment for sampling design complexity. Diet was assessed by using a 63-item food-frequency questionnaire. We identified 2 major dietary patterns with the use of principal components analysis: the "traditional dietary pattern" (TP), rich in rice, fish, vegetables, fruit, and potatoes, and the "meat and fast-food pattern" (MP), with less rice intake but rich in meat, soda, fried food, and fast food including instant noodles. The highest MP quintile was associated with increased prevalence of abdominal obesity (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.90), LDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dL (1.3 g/L) (OR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.26, 1.95), decreased prevalence of low HDL cholesterol (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.80), and high triglycerides [≥150 mg/dL (1.5 g/L); OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.93]. The highest quintile for the TP was associated with decreased prevalence of elevated blood pressure (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.90) and marginally lower trends for abdominal obesity (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98; P-trend = 0.06), but neither of the dietary patterns was associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The consumption of instant noodles ≥2 times/wk was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.55) in women but not in men (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.49; P-interaction = 0.04). The 2 major dietary patterns were associated with distinct cardiometabolic risk factors. The consumption of instant noodles was associated with increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women, independent of major dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joon Shin
- Departments of Nutrition Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center and Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; and
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Departments of Nutrition Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, Boston, MA
| | - Eric Rimm
- Departments of Nutrition Epidemiology, and Channing Division of Network Medicine and
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA Channing Division of Network Medicine and
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Epidemiology, and Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kevin Wheelan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center and Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, TX
| | - Frank B Hu
- Departments of Nutrition Epidemiology, and Channing Division of Network Medicine and
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Kook SY, Jeong H, Kang MJ, Park R, Shin HJ, Han SH, Son SM, Song H, Baik SH, Moon M, Yi EC, Hwang D, Mook-Jung I. Crucial role of calbindin-D28k in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1575-87. [PMID: 24853300 PMCID: PMC4158683 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Calbindin-D28k (CB), one of the major calcium-binding and buffering proteins, has a critical role in preventing a neuronal death as well as maintaining calcium homeostasis. Although marked reductions of CB expression have been observed in the brains of mice and humans with Alzheimer disease (AD), it is unknown whether these changes contribute to AD-related dysfunction. To determine the pathogenic importance of CB depletions in AD models, we crossed 5 familial AD mutations (5XFAD; Tg) mice with CB knock-out (CBKO) mice and generated a novel line CBKO·5XFAD (CBKOTg) mice. We first identified the change of signaling pathways and differentially expressed proteins globally by removing CB in Tg mice using mass spectrometry and antibody microarray. Immunohistochemistry showed that CBKOTg mice had significant neuronal loss in the subiculum area without changing the magnitude (number) of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) plaques deposition and elicited significant apoptotic features and mitochondrial dysfunction compared with Tg mice. Moreover, CBKOTg mice reduced levels of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 and cAMP response element-binding protein at Ser-133 and synaptic molecules such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDA receptor 1), NMDA receptor 2A, PSD-95 and synaptophysin in the subiculum compared with Tg mice. Importantly, this is the first experimental evidence that removal of CB from amyloid precursor protein/presenilin transgenic mice aggravates AD pathogenesis, suggesting that CB has a critical role in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Kook
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Jeong
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea
| | - M J Kang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - R Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S M Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Baik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Moon
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Mclean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - E C Yi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Hwang
- 1] School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea [2] Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - I Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Shin HJ, Kim H, Heo RW, Kim HJ, Choi WS, Kwon HM, Roh GS. Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein haplodeficiency attenuates seizure severity and NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation in kainic acid-induced seizures. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1095-106. [PMID: 24608792 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures followed by neuronal death are associated with neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage. Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) is known as a transcriptional factor activating osmoprotective genes, and in brain, it is expressed in neuronal nuclei. Thus dysregulation of TonEBP may be involved in the pathology of KA-induced seizures. Here we used TonEBP heterozygote (+/-) mice to study the roles of TonEBP. Electroencephalographic study showed that TonEBP (+/-) mice reduced seizure frequency and severity compared with wild type during KA-induced status epilepticus. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis showed that KA-induced neuroinflammation and BBB leakage were dramatically reduced in TonEBP (+/-) mice. Similarly, TonEBP-specific siRNA reduced glutamate-induced death in HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells. TonEBP haplodeficiency prevented KA-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and attenuated inflammation. Our findings identify TonEBP as a critical regulator of neuroinflammation and BBB leakage in KA-induced seizures, which suggests TonEBP as a good therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - R W Heo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - W S Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Kwon
- School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - G S Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Park JH, Lee S, Shin HJ. Simple and easy DNA mapping method using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) tagging. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:2477-2481. [PMID: 24745250 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a simple and easy DNA mapping method using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) on glass cover-slips based on optical detection. PNA and glass cover-slips were used as easy tagging and stretching method, separately. The PNA can be invaded lambda (A) DNA at the sequences we wished to tag without any additional materials. Alexa-488 fluorophore-conjugated PNA was designed to invade at four sites (sequence: AAGAAGAA) of lambda DNA with robust and exact binding. Fluorophore tagged lambda DNA was stretched in electrical layer coated glass cover-slips. The lambda DNA was stretched as 9.2 um in length. It is approximately 60% of theoretical length of lambda DNA and sufficient length to promise optical resolution. The sites of desired sequence tagged by PNA were well detected in stretched lambda DNA.
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Shin HJ, Roh SA, Kim JC, Lee SJ, Kim YP. Temporal variation of volatile organic compounds and their major emission sources in Seoul, Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2013; 20:8717-8728. [PMID: 23728967 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their major emission sources at the Bulgwang site in Seoul, Korea. The annual levels of VOCs (96.2-121.1 ppb C) have shown a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2008. The most abundant component in Seoul was toluene, which accounted for over 23.5 % of the total VOCs on the parts per billion on a carbon basis, and the portions of alkanes with two to six carbons constituted the largest major lumped group, ranging from 40.1 to 48.4 % (45.3 ± 3.7 %) of the total VOCs. Major components of the solvent (toluene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene, and ethylbenzene) showed high in daytime and summer and low in nighttime and winter due mainly to the variation of the ambient temperature. The species mostly emitted from gasoline vapor (i/n-butane, i/n-pentane, n-hexane, and 2-methylpentane) and vehicular exhaust (ethylene, acetylene, and benzene) showed bimodal peaks in the diurnal variation around the commuting hours because of the high traffic volume. For the 14 out of 15 highest concentration species, the weekend effect was only evident on Sundays because of the stepwise implementation of the 5-day work-week system. Principal components analysis (PCA) was applied in order to identify the sources of the 15 highest concentration VOCs and, as a result, three principal components such as gasoline vapor (48.9 %), vehicular exhaust (17.9 %), and evaporation of solvents (9.8 %) were obtained to explain a total of 76.6 % of the data variance. Most influential contributing sources at the sampling site were traffic-related ones although the use of solvent was the dominant emission source based on the official emission inventory.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Kyungseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon, 404-708, Korea
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Shin HJ. Deformation of a Peregrine soliton by fluctuating backgrounds. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 88:032919. [PMID: 24125337 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.032919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A generalized Peregrine soliton moving on a fluctuating background is constructed. The agreement with the experimental results is improved compared to the standard Peregrine soliton. It has a deformed shape asymmetric with respect to time, and the peak values are not always 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Physics and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Mun HS, Kim HH, Shin HJ, Cha JH, Ruppel PL, Oh HY, Chae EY. Assessment of extent of breast cancer: comparison between digital breast tomosynthesis and full-field digital mammography. Clin Radiol 2013; 68:1254-9. [PMID: 23969151 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) in preoperative assessment of local extent of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lesion sizes of breast cancers on DBT and FFDM images were independently evaluated by breast radiologists. Each lesion was flagged as either mis-sized or not depending on whether the assessment of size at imaging was within 1 cm of the lesion size at surgery. Additional analyses were made by mammographic parenchymal density and by lesion size, using 2 cm as the boundary to separate the two subgroups. Statistical comparisons were performed using a repeated measures linear model on the percent mis-sized. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The dataset included 173 malignant breast lesions (mean size 23.8 mm, 43% of lesions were ≤2 cm in size) in 169 patients, two-thirds of which had heterogeneously or extremely dense breasts. Overall, the percentage of lesions mis-sized at DBT was significantly lower than at FFDM (19% versus 29%, p = 0.003). There was significantly less mis-sizing at DBT in both heterogeneously dense breasts (11.1% difference between DBT and FFDM, p = 0.016) and extremely dense breasts (15.8% difference, p = 0.024). DBT also had significantly less mis-sizing than FFDM in the subgroup of lesions that were ≤2 cm in size (14.7% difference, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION DBT was significantly superior to FFDM for the evaluation of lesion size overall, and specifically for small lesions and for lesions in dense breasts. The superiority of DBT versus FFDM increased with parenchymal density.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Mun
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Check-up, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
The perception of objects, depth, and distance has been repeatedly shown to be divergent between virtual and physical environments. We hypothesize that many of these discrepancies stem from incorrect geometric viewing parameters, specifically that physical measurements of eye position are insufficiently precise to provide proper viewing parameters. In this paper, we introduce a perceptual calibration procedure derived from geometric models. While most research has used geometric models to predict perceptual errors, we instead use these models inversely to determine perceptually correct viewing parameters. We study the advantages of these new psychophysically determined viewing parameters compared to the commonly used measured viewing parameters in an experiment with 20 subjects. The perceptually calibrated viewing parameters for the subjects generally produced new virtual eye positions that were wider and deeper than standard practices would estimate. Our study shows that perceptually calibrated viewing parameters can significantly improve depth acuity, distance estimation, and the perception of shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ponto
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
| | - Michael Gleicher
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
| | - Robert G. Radwin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
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