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Silva IS, Ferreira CN, Costa LBX, Sóter MO, Carvalho LML, de C Albuquerque J, Sales MF, Candido AL, Reis FM, Veloso AA, Gomes KB. Polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical and laboratory variables related to new phenotypes using machine-learning models. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:497-505. [PMID: 34524677 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Machine learning (ML) is the area of artificial intelligence with a focus on predictive computing algorithms. We aimed to define the most relevant clinical and laboratory variables related to PCOS diagnosis, and to stratify patients into different phenotypic groups (clusters) using ML algorithms. METHODS Variables from a database comparing 72 patients with PCOS and 73 healthy women were included. The BorutaShap method, followed by the Random Forest algorithm, was applied to prediction and clustering of PCOS. RESULTS Among the 58 variables investigated, the algorithm selected in decreasing order of importance: lipid accumulation product (LAP); abdominal circumference; thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) levels; body mass index (BMI); C-reactive protein (CRP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and insulin levels; HOMA-IR value; age; prolactin, 17-OH progesterone and triglycerides levels; and family history of diabetes mellitus in first-degree relative as the variables associated to PCOS diagnosis. The combined use of these variables by the algorithm showed an accuracy of 86% and area under the ROC curve of 97%. Next, PCOS patients were gathered into two clusters in the first, the patients had higher BMI, abdominal circumference, LAP and HOMA-IR index, as well as CRP and insulin levels compared to the other cluster. CONCLUSION The developed algorithm could be applied to select more important clinical and biochemical variables related to PCOS and to classify into phenotypically different clusters. These results could guide more personalized and effective approaches to the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Silva
- Departamento das Ciências da Computação, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - C N Ferreira
- Colégio Técnico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - L B X Costa
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M O Sóter
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brasil
| | - L M L Carvalho
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J de C Albuquerque
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brasil
| | - M F Sales
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A L Candido
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - F M Reis
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A A Veloso
- Departamento das Ciências da Computação, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - K B Gomes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brasil.
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Rodrigues S, Conceição T, Silva IS, de Lencastre H, Aires-de-Sousa M. Frequent MRSA nasal colonization among hospitalized children and their parents in Angola and São Tomé and Príncipe. J Hosp Infect 2018; 100:344-349. [PMID: 29807064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of nosocomial meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was previously estimated as 23% in a paediatric hospital in Luanda, Angola and 18% in a general hospital in São Tomé and Príncipe. AIM To evaluate the prevalence of S. aureus/MRSA colonization among hospitalized children and their parents at two hospitals in Angola and São Tomé and Príncipe. METHODS In 2017, 127 hospitalized children and 129 of their parents had nasal swabs for S. aureus/MRSA carriage in the two countries. The isolates were tested for the presence of the mecA and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, and characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), spa typing, multi-locus sequence typing and SCCmec typing. FINDINGS Twenty of 127 children (15.7%) and 13 of 129 parents (10.1%) were MRSA nasal carriers. Three lineages comprised 88% of the MRSA isolates: (i) PFGE A-ST5-SCCmec IVa (N=15; 45%), associated with spa type t105, recovered in Angola alone; (ii) PFGE N-ST8-IV/V (N=7; 21%), associated with spa types t008/t121, recovered in São Tomé and Príncipe alone; and (iii) PFGE B-ST88-IVa (N=7; 21%), associated with spa types t325/t786, present in both countries. Fifteen child/guardian pairs were colonized with identical MRSA (N=8) or meticillin-susceptible S. aureus (N=7) strains. PVL was detected in 25% of isolates, including two MRSA (ST30-V and ST8-IVa). CONCLUSION Hospitalized children and their parents are important reservoirs of MRSA. Infection control measures should focus on parents in order to minimize the spread of MRSA to the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - T Conceição
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - I Santos Silva
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - H de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal; Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - M Aires-de-Sousa
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Coral RP, Constant-Neto M, Silva IS, Barros S, Côrrea da Silva LC, Lau ATK, DeBem AEM. The influence of the transposed stomach through the posterior mediastinum on the respiratory forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity in patients with resected esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2017; 11:48-50. [PMID: 29040491 DOI: 10.1093/dote/11.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the use of the posterior mediastinum and the stomach as a reconstruction option after esophagectomy has large acceptance all over the world, there are concerns about the potential respiratory impairment it could cause. We prospectively studied 35 patients regarding the forced expiratory volume and vital capacity. The patients were studied preoperatively and between the 45th and 60th postoperative days. The value of both parameters decreased, although they were still within normal clinical ranges. We concluded that this type of reconstruction does not harm the patients regarding the respiratory flow rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Coral
- Irmandade de Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre
| | - M Constant-Neto
- Hospital São Lucas da Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
| | - I S Silva
- Irmandade de Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre
| | - S Barros
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - A T K Lau
- Irmandade de Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre
| | - A E M DeBem
- Irmandade de Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre
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Georges JAO, Vergani N, Fraga AM, Fonseca SAS, Fujihara LS, Albuquerque MCRM, Castro FJG, Silva IS, Pereira LV. [RETRACTED ARTICLE] Derivation of new Brazilian lineages of human embryonic stem cells under physiological oxygen conditions. Braz J Biol. 2015 Nov 24. pii: S1519-69842015005105121. BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 75:S9-16. [PMID: 26602357 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.20813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J A O Georges
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - N Vergani
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A M Fraga
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S A S Fonseca
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L S Fujihara
- Centro de Reprodução Humana, Fertivitro, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - F J G Castro
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - I S Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - L V Pereira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Conceição T, Coelho C, Silva IS, de Lencastre H, Aires-de-Sousa M. Staphylococcus aureus in former Portuguese colonies from Africa and the Far East: missing data to help fill the world map. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:842.e1-842.e10. [PMID: 26003281 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage among patients and healthcare workers in Angola (ANG), São Tomé and Príncipe (STP), Cape Verde (CV) and East Timor (ET), and to characterize the antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence content and population structure of all S. aureus. Despite the importance of MRSA as a major human pathogen, data from these former Portuguese colonies in Africa and Asia are scarce. A total of 2065 nasal swabs recovered between 2010-14 were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization of S. aureus showed: (i) a very high MRSA prevalence in ANG (61.6%), moderate in STP (25.5%), low in CV (5.6%) and null in ET; (ii) a high prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin in STP (36.8%), ET (29.2%) and CV (28.3%) contrasting with ANG (7.9%); (iii) ST5-SCCmecIVa, ST8-IV/V and ST5-VI were the major MRSA clones in ANG (65.2%), STP (44.8%) and CV (50%), respectively; (iv) a high resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in ANG (66.5%) and STP (50.9%), to rifampin in ANG (77.3%), and to tetracycline in STP (26.3%) and ET (20.8%); (v) three major methicillin-susceptible S. aureus clones (ST15, ST508, ST152) were present in all four countries. Age <18 years (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.24-3.31), previous surgery (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.24-4.83), no smoking (OR 4.04, 95% CI 1.05-15.50), and longer hospitalization (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.49-4.28) were risk factors for MRSA carriage. This study provided the first comprehensive overview on MRSA in former Portuguese colonies in Africa and Asia, missing data in the world map.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Conceição
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C Coelho
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - I Santos Silva
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa (ESSCVP), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - H de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal; Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Aires-de-Sousa
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa (ESSCVP), Lisbon, Portugal.
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Gouveia EMMF, Silva IS, Nakazato G, Onselem VJV, Corrêa RAC, Araujo FR, Chang MR. Action of phosphorylated mannanoligosaccharides on immune and hematological responses and fecal consistency of dogs experimentally infected with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:499-504. [PMID: 24294246 PMCID: PMC3833152 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic action of phosphorylated mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) was investigated regarding its prebiotic activity on enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). Diarrhea was induced in dogs by experimental infection with EPEC strains. Then MOS was supplied once a day, in water for 20 days. Immunological (IgA and IgG), hematological (lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes) and bacteriological variables (PCR detection of the eae gene of EPEC recovered from stool culture), as well as occurrence of diarrhea were evaluated. All strains caused diarrhea at 24, 48 and 72 h after infection. PCR results indicated that E. coli isolated from stool culture of all infected animals had the eae gene. There was no significant difference among groups as to number of blood cells in the hemogram and IgA and IgG production. MOS was effective in recovering of EPEC-infected dogs since prebiotic-treated animals recovered more rapidly from infection than untreated ones (p < 0.05). This is an important finding since diarrhea causes intense dehydration and nutrient loss. The use of prebiotics for humans and other animals with diarrhea can be an alternative for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M M F Gouveia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento para a Região Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Abstract
Although the use of the posterior mediastinum and the stomach as a reconstruction option after esophagectomy has wide acceptance, there are concerns about the potential cardiac impairment it could cause. We prospectively studied 27 patients regarding the function and the systolic diameter, diastolic diameter, shortening fraction, ejection fraction and the presence of extrinsic compression. The patients were studied preoperatively and between the 45th and 60th postoperative days. The parameters were still within normal clinical ranges. We concluded that this type of reconstruction does not harm the patients in terms of their cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Coral
- Irmandade de Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Coral RP, Constant-Neto M, Silva IS, Kalil AN, Boose R, Beduschi T, Gemelle TF. Comparative anatomical study of the anterior and posterior mediastinum as access routes after esophagectomy. Dis Esophagus 2003; 16:236-8. [PMID: 14641316 DOI: 10.1046/j.1442-2050.2003.00335.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Esophagectomy is the main option for treatment of esophageal cancer. Among the subjects of surgical interest is the use of anterior versus posterior mediastinum to permit reconstruction of the alimentary tract. We performed postmortem measurements in order to analyze the lengths of both routes. For each route (anterior and posterior) we performed two measurements. The first one was called anatomical route and the second was named as surgical route. Both routes begin at the cricoid cartilage. The anatomical route goes to the celiac axis and the surgical route goes to the gastroduodenal artery. Our results show that in both routes the posterior mediastinum is a shorter way to reach the cervical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Coral
- Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Silva IS, Morsch DM, Urnauer L, Spritzer PM. Androgen-induced cell growth and c-myc expression in human non-transformed epithelial prostatic cells in primary culture. Endocr Res 2001; 27:153-69. [PMID: 11428707 DOI: 10.1081/erc-100107177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We assessed androgen-induced cell growth and c-myc expression in human non-transformed epithelial prostatic (HNTEP) cells in primary culture. Prostatic tissue was obtained from 48 retropubic prostatectomy patients (age: 61-77years) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (malignant tumors excluded). HNTEP cells were treated with testosterone or DHT, alone or in association with hydroxyflutamide. DHT action on c-myc mRNA was examined using Northern blots and RT-PCR. RT-PCR also was used to verify if HNTEP cells expressed the androgen receptor gene. Cell proliferation was assessed on days 3 and 6. Testosterone (2 x 10(-11) M) and DHT (10(-13)M) caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) in cell proliferation on both days. Addition of hydroxyflutamide (10(-6) M) to DHT abolished cell proliferation. HNTEP cells expressed androgen receptor (AR) gene and the treatment with DHT increased AR mRNA levels. C-myc expression was maximal at 30 min and 1 h with DHT (10(-13) M). C-myc seems to play a key role in the control of hormone responsiveness and cell proliferation in epithelial prostatic cells. The detection of androgen receptor gene expression and the increase in this expression with the addition of androgen shows that the HTNEP cells maintain functional characteristics and hormone dependence, and that they are a fruitful in vitro model for studying steroid hormone action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Silva
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
We have examined the relationship between birthweight and risk of breast cancer, taking into account growth in childhood, using data on a total of 2221 women born in 1946 and followed up to 1997. Thirty-seven breast cancers occurred during follow-up. There was evidence of greater risk of breast cancer with greater birthweight (rate ratio = 1.76 (95% CI: 0.92, 3.35) for birthweight >/= 3.5 kg vs birthweight < 3.5 kg), which was more marked at pre-menopausal ages (RR = 2.31, 95% CI: 0.93, 5.74). The relation with birthweight was not substantially confounded by any of the measured adult risk factors. A significant interaction was observed between the effects of birthweight and height at age 7 years. Relative to those born lighter than 3.5 kg, women who were heavy at birth (>/= 3.5 kg) and short or average at 7 years (< 1.22 m) had a 21% increase in breast cancer rates (RR = 1.21; 95% CI = 0.49-2.99), while women who were heavy at birth (>/= 3.5 kg) but tall at 7 years (>/= 1.22 m) had a four-fold increase (RR = 4.01; 95% CI = 1.82-8.83). These results suggest that the effect of birthweight on breast cancer risk may be modulated by childhood growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Stavola
- Cancer and Public Health Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
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Abreu T, Plaisance K, Rexroad V, Nogueira S, Oliveira RH, Evangelista LA, Rangel R, Silva IS, Knupp C, Lambert JS. Bioavailability of once- and twice-daily regimens of didanosine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:1375-6. [PMID: 10770783 PMCID: PMC89876 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.5.1375-1376.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioavailability of didanosine at 180 mg/m(2) once daily was compared to that at 90 mg/m(2) twice daily in 24 children with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Children were studied at steady state using optimal sampling and prior pharmacokinetic parameter estimates. Relative bioavailability was 0. 95 +/- 0.49, supporting the potential clinical adequacy of once-daily dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Abreu
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kassam-Khamis T, Nanchahal K, Mangtani P, Santos Silva I, McMichael A, Anderson A. Development of an interview-administered food-frequency questionnaire for use amongst women of South Asian ethnic origin in Britain. J Hum Nutr Diet 1999. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-277x.1999.00139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Coral RP, Constant-Neto M, Silva IS, Barros S, da Silva LC, Lau AT, DeBem AE. The influence of the transposed stomach through the posterior mediastinum on the respiratory forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity in patients with resected esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 1998; 11:48-50. [PMID: 9595233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the use of the posterior mediastinum and the stomach as a reconstruction option after esophagectomy has large acceptance all over the world, there are concerns about the potential respiratory impairment it could cause. We prospectively studied 35 patients regarding the forced expiratory volume and vital capacity. The patients were studied preoperatively and between the 45th and 60th postoperative days. The value of both parameters decreased, although they were still within normal clinical ranges. We concluded that this type of reconstruction does not harm the patients regarding the respiratory flow rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Coral
- Irmandade de Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Hospital São Lucas da Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Ribeiro MF, Spritzer PM, Barbosa-Coutinho LM, Oliveira MC, Pavanato MA, Silva IS, Reis FM. Effects of bromocriptine on serum prolactin levels, pituitary weight and immunoreactive prolactin cells in estradiol-treated ovariectomized rats: an experimental model of estrogen-dependent hyperprolactinemia. Braz J Med Biol Res 1997; 30:113-7. [PMID: 9222412 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1997000100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to assess the effects of bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, on pituitary wet weight, number of immunoreactive prolactin cells and serum prolactin concentrations in estradiol-treated rats. Ovariectomized Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with sunflower oil vehicle or estradiol valerate (50 or 300 micrograms/rat(-1) week (-1) for 2, 4, or 10 weeks. Bromocriptine (0.2 or 0.6 mg rat (-1) day (-1)) was injected daily during the last 5 or 12 days of estrogen treatment. Data were compared with those obtained for intact control rats. Administration of both doses of estrogen increased serum prolactin levels. No difference in the number of prolactin cells in rats treated with 50 micrograms estradiol valerate was observed compared to intact adult animals. In contrast, rats treated with 300 micrograms estradiol valerate showed a significant increase in the number of prolactin cells (P < 0.05). Therefore, the increase inn serum prolactin levels observed in rats treated with 50 micrograms estradiol valerate, in the absence of morphological changes in the pituitary cells, suggests a "functional" estrogen-induced hyperprolactinemia. Bromocriptine decreased prolactin levels in all estrogen-treated rats. The administration of this drug to rats previously treated with 300 micrograms estradiol valerate also resulted in a significant decrease in pituitary weight and number of prolactin cells when compared to the group treated with estradiol alone. The general antiprolactinemic and antiproliferative pituitary effects of bromocriptine treatment reported here validate the experimental model of estrogen-induced hyperprolactinemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brasil
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Silva IS, Nunes C, Mimoso G, Castela E, Mesquita J. [Digoxin. The drug of choice for the in-utero treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 1997; 10:95-8. [PMID: 9245185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fetal tachyarrhythmia may constitute a risk for the fetus, therefore early treatment is indicate for all cases of tachydysrhythmia, with or without hydrops, in order to prevent irreversible hydrops. A case report is described of supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia with digoxin in utero therapy in which pharmacological intervention was successful. Some comments are regarding the experience of the multidisciplinary team at Bissaya-Barreto Maternity in the treatment and orientation of fetal tachydysrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Silva
- Serviço de Obstetrícia, Maternidade Bissaya-Barreto, Coimbra
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Spritzer PM, Ribeiro MF, Oliveira MC, Barbosa-Coutinho LM, Silva IS, Dahlem N, Cericatto R, Pavanato MA. Effects of tamoxifen on serum prolactin levels, pituitary immunoreactive prolactin cells and uterine growth in estradiol-treated ovariectomized rats. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28:171-6. [PMID: 8740191 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Pituitary effects of the antiestrogen tamoxifen are not well established, although estrogen is known to have a stimulatory role in prolactin secretion. Effects of tamoxifen on serum prolactin levels, pituitary wet weight and number of prolactin cells were studied. Ovariectomized female Wistar rats were injected, subcutaneously, with estradiol valerate, 50 or 300 micrograms/rat per week for 2 or 10 weeks. Tamoxifen was injected during the last days of estrogen treatment. Data were compared with two other groups, treated with estradiol valerate alone or estradiol valerate plus the dopamine agonist bromocriptine. Serum prolactin levels were increased by estrogen treatment with all doses used. Furthermore, rats treated with 300 micrograms of estradiol valerate, for 2 and 10 weeks, showed a clear increase in pituitary weight and number of prolactin cells (p < 0.05). Bromocriptine decreased prolactin levels, pituitary weight and the number of prolactin cells (p < 0.05). Tamoxifen associated to subacute period of estrogen administration resulted in a significant reduction of serum prolactin levels and pituitary weight (p < 0.05). No effects on prolactin levels or number of prolatin cells were observed with tamoxifen associated to chronic estrogen treatment. Tamoxifen also presented a dose-related inhibitory effect upon estrogen-stimulated rises in uterine weight and DNA content. In conclusion, the results of the present paper showed that tamoxifen reduced estrogen-stimulated prolactin levels in some, but not in other hormonal conditions and that these effects were not mediated by an inhibition of lactotroph cell growth. Further studies are needed to define the exact role of antiestrogens at molecular level in hyperprolactinemic states and their eventual connection with dopamine and its agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Spritzer
- Department of Physiology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Spritzer PM, Barbosa-Coutinho LM, Poy M, Orsi V, Dahlem N, Silva IS. Effects of norethisterone acetate and tamoxifen on serum prolactin levels, uterine growth and on the presence of uterine immunoreactive prolactin in estradiol-treated ovariectomized rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 1995; 28:125-30. [PMID: 7581021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to study the effects of the antiestrogen tamoxifen (TAM), of progestin norethisterone acetate (NA) and of their combination on serum prolactin levels, uterine growth and the presence of uterine immunoreactive prolactin in estradiol-treated rats. Ovariectomized female Wistar rats were injected sc with estradiol valerate (VE, 50 micrograms/rat per week) or oil vehicle. During the second week, estradiol-treated rats also received NA (0.12 or 1.0 mg/rat, sc, daily) or TAM (0.06 mg/rat) alone or in combination with NA (0.12 mg). Serum prolactin levels were suppressed to the same extent in the TAM- and 1.0 mg NA-treated groups compared with rats given estrogen alone (2.3 +/- 0.3 and 5.6 +/- 1.5 ng/ml for TAM and NA groups vs 39.7 +/- 3.6 ng/ml for VE groups, P < 0.05). Except for the lowest dose of NA, uterine wet weight and DNA content were significantly reduced in all groups compared to estradiol alone (236.8 +/- 18.0 and 295.6 +/- 27.8 mg vs 309.4 +/- 32.2 mg for uterine weight in TAM and NA groups vs VE, respectively, P < 0.05; and 1.14 +/- 0.05 and 0.93 +/- 0.04 mg/uterus vs 1.33 +/- 0.06 mg/uterus for uterine DNA in TAM and NA groups vs VE groups). The combination of NA and TAM resulted in a higher degree of suppression of uterine growth than when each drug was used alone, indicating an additive antiproliferative effect of NA and TAM. Although no prolactin immunostaining was detected in the uterus of rats treated with estradiol, uterine immunoreactive prolactin was identified in those treated with NA, TAM or both.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Spritzer
- Departamento de Fisologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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