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Antas P, Borchert J, Ponte C, Lima J, Georg I, Bastos M, Trajman A. Interleukin-6 and -27 as potential novel biomarkers for human pleural tuberculosis regardless of the immunological status. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105238. [PMID: 37805123 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of pleural exudative effusions. Inflammatory markers, such as IFNγ and ADA, have been used as proxies for its diagnosis. We evaluated ex vivo levels of several cytokines in 83 pleural effusion specimens from patients with TB (including 10 with HIV co-infection) and 26 patients with other pleuritis using multiplex and ELISA assays. IL-6 and IL-27 levels were higher (p ≤ 0.04) in TB patients, regardless of the HIV status and the approach. IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IFNγ, TNF and G-CSF showed variable results depending on the assay. This warranty these markers to be further validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Antas
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Carlos Ponte
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica Lima
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ingebourg Georg
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Anete Trajman
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Charlot A, Charles AL, Georg I, Goupilleau F, Debrut L, Pizzimenti M, Geny B, Zoll J. Beneficial effects of the ketogenic diet on glucose intolerance and hepatic lipid accumulation in obese mice model. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sangenis LHC, De Sousa AS, Sperandio Da Silva GM, Xavier SS, Machado CRC, Brasil P, De Castro L, Da Silva S, Georg I, Saraiva RM, do Brasil PEAA, Hasslocher-Moreno AM. FIRST REPORT OF ACUTE CHAGAS DISEASE BY VECTOR TRANSMISSION IN RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 57:361-4. [PMID: 26422165 PMCID: PMC4616926 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000400017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is an endemic anthropozoonosis from Latin America of which the main means of transmission is the contact of skin lesions or mucosa with the feces of triatomine bugs infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. In this article, we describe the first acute CD case acquired by vector transmission in the Rio de Janeiro State and confirmed by parasitological, serological and PCR tests. The patient presented acute cardiomyopathy and pericardial effusion without cardiac tamponade. Together with fever and malaise, a 3 cm wide erythematous, non-pruritic, papule compatible with a "chagoma" was found on his left wrist. This case report draws attention to the possible transmission of CD by non-domiciled native vectors in non-endemic areas. Therefore, acute CD should be included in the diagnostic workout of febrile diseases and acute myopericarditis in Rio de Janeiro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sérgio Salles Xavier
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | | | - Patrícia Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Liane De Castro
- Intituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Sidnei Da Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Ingebourg Georg
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
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Bacelo AC, Ramalho A, Brasil PE, Cople-Rodrigues CDS, Georg I, Paiva E, Argolo SVL, Rolla VC. Correction: Nutritional Supplementation Is a Necessary Complement to Dietary Counseling among Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis-HIV Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140737. [PMID: 26465160 PMCID: PMC4605702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Sangenis LHC, Saraiva RM, Georg I, de Castro L, dos Santos Lima V, Roque ALR, Xavier SCDC, Santos LC, Fernandes FA, Sarquis O, Lima MM, Carvalho-Costa FA, Bóia MN. Autochthonous transmission of Chagas disease in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil: a clinical and eco-epidemiological study. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:4. [PMID: 25566786 PMCID: PMC4297387 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After the control of the main modes of Chagas disease (CD) transmission in most endemic countries, it is important to identify the participation of native sylvatic vectors in CD transmission. Although CD is not considered endemic in Rio de Janeiro State (RJ), Brazil, we identified patients with CD born in RJ and investigated the possible autochthonous transmission in the state. METHODS Patients born in RJ and followed in our institution between 1986 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases identified as autochthonous transmission were submitted to epidemiological, clinical, serological, parasitological and molecular studies. Sectional field study with serological survey, research of sylvatic reservoirs and vectors was conducted in rural areas where patients were born. RESULTS Among 1963 patients, 69 (3.5%) were born in RJ. From these, 15 (21.7%) were considered to have acquired the infection by autochthonous transmission. Cardiac form was the commonest form of presentation (60%). In rural areas in RJ northern region, sylvatic cycles of Trypanosoma cruzi and domestic invasion by Triatoma vitticeps were identified, and CD prevalence among inhabitants was 0.74%.TcI genotype was identified in sylvatic reservoirs and vectors. The genotype (mixed infection TcI/TcVI) could be identified in one of the autochthonous cases. CONCLUSIONS The autochthonous vectorial transmission of CD occurs in RJ, probably due to wild cycles of T. cruzi and sylvatic vectors, such as T. vitticeps. Therefore, the health authorities should evaluate if RJ should be included in the original endemic area of CD and CD should be included in the diagnostic work out of cardiomyopathy of patients born in RJ. Moreover, control and educational measures should be put into place in the risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Henrique Conde Sangenis
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doença de Chagas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Roberto Magalhães Saraiva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doença de Chagas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Ingebourg Georg
- Laboratório de Imunodiagnóstico, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Liane de Castro
- Laboratório de Farmacocinética, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Valdirene dos Santos Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanossomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - André Luiz R Roque
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanossomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Laura Cristina Santos
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano A Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Otília Sarquis
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marli Maria Lima
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Márcio Neves Bóia
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Soares CC, Georg I, Lampe E, Lewis L, Morgado MG, Nicol AF, Pinho AA, Salles RCS, Teixeira SLM, Vicente ACP, Viscidi RP, Gomes SA. HIV-1, HBV, HCV, HTLV, HPV-16/18, and Treponema pallidum infections in a sample of Brazilian men who have sex with men. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102676. [PMID: 25083768 PMCID: PMC4118852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are more vulnerable to blood-borne infections and/or sexually-transmitted infections (STI). This study was conducted to estimate the prevalences of mono and co-infections of HIV-1 and other blood-borne/STIs in a sample of MSM in Campinas, Brazil. Methods Responding Driven Sampling (RDS) was used for recruitment of MSM. Serum samples collected from 558 MSM were analyzed for the presence of serological markers for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, HTLV, HPV-16/18, and T. pallidum infections. Results The highest prevalences of infection in serum samples were found for HPV-16 and 18 (31.9% and 20.3%, respectively). Approximately 8% of the study population showed infection with HIV-1, and within that group, 27.5% had recently become infected with HIV-1. HBV infection and syphilis were detected in 11.4% and 10% of the study population, respectively, and the rates of HTLV and HCV infection were 1.5% and 1%, respectively. With the exception of HTLV, all other studied infections were usually found as co-infections rather then mono-infections. The rates of co-infection for HCV, HPV-18, and HIV-1 were the highest among the studied infections (100%, 83%, and 85%, respectively). Interestingly, HTLV infection was usually found as a mono-infection in the study group, whereas HCV was found only as a co-infection. Conclusions The present findings highlight the need to educate the MSM population concerning their risk for STIs infections and methods of prevention. Campaigns to encourage vaccination against HBV and HPV could decrease the rates of these infections in MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C. Soares
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, IOC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Ingebourg Georg
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Seção Imunodiagnóstico, IPEC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Elisabeth Lampe
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Hepatites Virais, IOC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Lia Lewis
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Hepatites Virais, IOC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Mariza G. Morgado
- Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, IOC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Alcina F. Nicol
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, IOC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Adriana A. Pinho
- Pós-doutoranda do laboratório de Educação em Ambiente e Saúde do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Raphael P. Viscidi
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Selma A. Gomes
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, IOC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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Coutinho CFDS, Souza-Santos R, Teixeira NFD, Georg I, Gomes TF, Boia MN, Reis NBD, Maia ADO, Lima MM. An entomoepidemiological investigation of Chagas disease in the state of Ceará, Northeast Region of Brazil. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2014; 30:785-93. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00176512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The seroprevalence of Chagas disease in humans and the presence of triatomines were investigated in a rural locality in the State of Ceará, Brazil, an historically endemic region. Approximately 80% of the surveyed residents agreed to undergo serological tests. Intradomestic and peridomestic environments were searched for triatomines in both the dry and rainy seasons. The prevalence rate of Chagas disease was 1.2% and the majority of individuals confirmed with the disease over 50 years of age. A total of 761 specimens of triatomines were captured, most of which were from colonies composed of nymphs and adult bugs, and the majority of specimens were obtained in the dry season. Triatoma brasiliensis was the predominant species. Analysis using light microscopy revealed that 28.6% of the insects were Trypanosoma cruzi positive. Results suggest that peridomestic man-made structures, such as animal shelters, improper storage of timber and uninhabited dwellings contribute to the high rate of triatomine infestation in the area.
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Nicol AF, Grinsztejn B, Friedman RK, Veloso VG, Cunha CB, Georg I, Pilotto JH, Moreira RI, Castro CAV, Silver B, Viscidi RP. Seroprevalence of HPV vaccine types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in HIV-infected and uninfected women from Brazil. J Clin Virol 2013; 57:147-51. [PMID: 23490398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on vaccine-type HPV seroprevalence is essential for vaccine strategies; however, limited data are available on past exposure to HPV-quadrivalent vaccine types in HIV-infected woman in Brazil. OBJECTIVES To assess the seroprevalence for HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in HIV-infected and uninfected women, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and to investigate potential associations with age and pregnancy status. STUDY-DESIGN 1100-sera were tested by virus-like particle (VLPs)-based ELISA for antibodies to HPV types 16, 18, 6 and 11. Statistical analysis was carried out by STATA/SE 10.1 and comparisons among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women were assessed by Poisson regression models with robust variance. RESULTS HPV-6, 11, 16 and 18 seroprevalence was significantly higher among HIV-positive women (29.9%, 8.5%, 56.2% and 38.0%, respectively) compared to HIV-negative women (10.9%, 3.5%, 30.8% and 21.7%, respectively), when adjusted by age and pregnancy status. Overall, 69.4% of HIV-infected and 41.5% of HIV-uninfected women tested positive for any HPV quadrivalent vaccine type. However 4.7% and 1.1%, respectively, tested positive for all HPV vaccine type. In HIV-uninfected women who were pregnant, we found a higher HPV-11 seroprevalence (8.5% vs. 1.5%; P < 0.001) and a lower HPV 16 seroprevalence (22.6% vs. 34.2%; P = 0.010) compared to not pregnant women. HIV-uninfected women, aged 40 or more years old had a higher HPV 16 seroprevalence compared to women aged less than 40 years old. CONCLUSIONS We did not observe a strong association between age and positive HPV antibodies nor an association between pregnancy and HPV seroprevalence. HPV seroprevalence was significantly higher among HIV-infected women compared to HIV negative women. In both populations the seroprevalence to all four HPV vaccine types was low suggesting that women may potentially benefit from the HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Nicol
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Daumas RP, Passos SRL, Oliveira RVC, Nogueira RMR, Georg I, Marzochi KBF, Brasil P. Clinical and laboratory features that discriminate dengue from other febrile illnesses: a diagnostic accuracy study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:77. [PMID: 23394216 PMCID: PMC3574824 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is an acute febrile illness caused by an arbovirus that is endemic in more than 100 countries. Early diagnosis and adequate management are critical to reduce mortality. This study aims to identify clinical and hematological features that could be useful to discriminate dengue from other febrile illnesses (OFI) up to the third day of disease. METHODS We conducted a sectional diagnostic study with patients aged 12 years or older who reported fever lasting up to three days, without any evident focus of infection, attending an outpatient clinic in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between the years 2005 and 2008. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify symptoms, physical signs, and hematological features valid for dengue diagnosis. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to define the best cut-off and to compare the accuracy of generated models with the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for probable dengue. RESULTS Based on serological tests and virus genome detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 69 patients were classified as dengue and 73 as non-dengue. Among clinical features, conjunctival redness and history of rash were independent predictors of dengue infection. A model including clinical and laboratory features (conjunctival redness and leukocyte counts) achieved a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 71% and showed greater accuracy than the WHO criteria for probable dengue. CONCLUSIONS We constructed a predictive model for early dengue diagnosis that was moderately accurate and performed better than the current WHO criteria for suspected dengue. Validation of this model in larger samples and in other sites should be attempted before it can be applied in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina P Daumas
- Germano Sinval Faria Teaching Primary Care Center/National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Sonia RL Passos
- Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology/Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Raquel VC Oliveira
- Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology/Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Rita MR Nogueira
- Flavivirus Laboratory, Department of Virology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, 21040-190, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ingebourg Georg
- Immunology Service/Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Keyla BF Marzochi
- Laboratory of Acute Febrile Illnesses/Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Laboratory of Acute Febrile Illnesses/Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Chalmel F, Lardenois A, Georg I, Barrionuevo F, Demougin P, Jégou B, Scherer G, Primig M. Genome-wide identification of Sox8-, and Sox9-dependent genes during early post-natal testis development in the mouse. Andrology 2013; 1:281-92. [PMID: 23315995 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2012.00049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The SOX8 and SOX9 transcription factors are involved in, among others, sex differentiation, male gonad development and adult maintenance of spermatogenesis. Sox8(-/-) mice lacking Sox9 in Sertoli cells fail to form testis cords and cannot establish spermatogenesis. Although genetic and histological data show an important role for these transcription factors in regulating spermatogenesis, it is not clear which genes depend upon them at a genome-wide level. To identify transcripts that respond to the absence of Sox8 in all cells and Sox9 in Sertoli cells we measured mRNA concentrations in testicular samples from mice at 0, 6 and 18 days post-partum. In total, 621 and 629 transcripts were found at decreased or increased levels, respectively, at different time points in the mutant as compared to the control samples. These mRNAs were categorized as preferentially expressed in Sertoli cells or germ cells using data obtained with male and female gonad samples and enriched testicular cell populations. Five candidate genes were validated at the protein level. Furthermore, we identified putative direct SOX8 and SOX9 target genes by integrating predicted SOX-binding sites present in potential regulatory regions upstream of the transcription start site. Finally, we used protein network data to gain insight into the effects on regulatory interactions that occur when Sox8 and Sox9 are absent in developing Sertoli cells. The integration of testicular samples with enriched Sertoli cells, germ cells and female gonads enabled us to broadly distinguish transcripts directly affected in Sertoli cells from others that respond to secondary events in testicular cell types. Thus, combined RNA profiling signals, motif predictions and network data identified putative SOX8/SOX9 target genes in Sertoli cells and yielded insight into regulatory interactions that depend upon these transcription factors. In addition, our results will facilitate the interpretation of genome-wide in vivo SOX8 and SOX9 DNA binding data.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chalmel
- Inserm, U1085-Irset, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Monteiro SP, Brasil PEAAD, Cabello GMK, Souza RVD, Brasil P, Georg I, Cabello PH, De Castro L. HLA-A*01 allele: a risk factor for dengue haemorrhagic fever in Brazil's population. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 107:224-30. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Sarquis O, Carvalho-Costa FA, Toma HK, Georg I, Burgoa MR, Lima MM. Eco-epidemiology of Chagas disease in northeastern Brazil: Triatoma brasiliensis, T. pseudomaculata and Rhodnius nasutus in the sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic environments. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:1481-5. [PMID: 21979785 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An entomological survey was carried out in four rural localities situated in the state of Ceará, assessing Chagas disease seroprevalence in man, focusing on the presence of vectors in natural foci contiguous to the domestic and peridomestic environments. Fifty-three Triatoma brasiliensis, nine T. pseudomaculata and 71 Rhodnius nasutus were collected in their natural habitats as far as 10 m from the houses, and 663, 59 and 8 respectively were captured in peridomestic artificial structures, adjacent to the houses, including henhouses, pigpens, corrals, perches and piles of bricks, tiles and wood. Within the households, 37 T. brasiliensis, one specimen of T. pseudomaculata and one of R. nasutus were captured. Overall, Trypanosoma cruzi infection rates were 2.3% for T. brasiliensis and 11.3% for R. nasutus. Despite that the seroprevalence survey in man did not reveal positive results using two serological techniques, natural triatomine habitats are juxtaposed to man-made artificial ecotopes, resulting in overlapping habitats. The contiguity between natural ecotopes and human dwellings increases the interaction between vectors and humans, challenging continuous surveillance and vector control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otília Sarquis
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Daumas RP, Brasil P, de V Carvalhaes Oliveira R, Carvalho BBG, Bressan C, Georg I, Nogueira R, Wakimoto M, Carneiro DV, Passos SRL. O4-3.3 Accuracy of clinical and laboratory signs for dengue diagnosis. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976b.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Georg I, Bagheri-Fam S, Knower KC, Wieacker P, Scherer G, Harley VR. Mutations of the SRY-responsive enhancer of SOX9 are uncommon in XY gonadal dysgenesis. Sex Dev 2010; 4:321-5. [PMID: 20838034 DOI: 10.1159/000320142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During mouse sex determination, SRY upregulates the core testis-specific enhancer of Sox9, TESCO. Mutations in human SRY are found in one third of cases with XY pure gonadal dysgenesis (XY GD; Swyer syndrome), while two thirds remain unexplained. Heterozygous SOX9 mutations can cause XY GD in association with the skeletal malformation syndrome campomelic dysplasia. We hypothesized that human TESCO mutations could cause isolated XY GD. Sixty-six XY GD cases with an intact SRY were analyzed for TESCO point mutations or deletions. No mutations were identified. We conclude that TESCO mutations are not a common cause of XY GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Georg
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Rodrigues J, Grinsztejn B, Bastos FI, Velasque L, Luz PM, de Souza CTV, Georg I, Pilotto JH, Veloso VG. Seroprevalence and factors associated with herpes simplex virus type 2 among HIV-negative high-risk men who have sex with men from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2009; 9:39. [PMID: 19335922 PMCID: PMC2670309 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-9-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease in developing countries, including Brazil, and is especially prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM). HSV-2 infection represents a risk factor for the acquisition and transmission of other sexually transmitted diseases. The goal of the present cross-sectional study was to estimate HSV-2 seroprevalence and to determine the factors associated with HSV-2 seropositivity in HIV-negative high-risk MSM from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS Stored sera were tested to estimate HSV-2 seroprevalence, while socio-demographic and sexual behavior data were used to measure associations between risk factors and HSV-2 seropositivity. Using the Poisson regression model with robust variance, prevalence ratios (PR) were used to estimate de degree of association between risk factors and HSV-2 seropositivity in bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Seroprevalence of HSV-2 was of 45.7% (184 out of 403). Factors independently associated with HSV-2 seroprevalence in the multivariate model were: older age (>or= 26 years, PR: 1.41 95% Confidence Interval: 1.11-1.78), non-white race (PR: 1.32 95%CI: 1.06-1.64), positive serology for syphilis (PR: 1.65 95%CI: 1.33-2.05), positive serology for hepatitis B (PR: 1.25 95%CI: 0.99-1.57), stable male partner in the past 6 months (PR: 1.42 95%CI: 1.12-1.79), and unprotected anal sex with a stable female partner (PR: 1.46 95%CI: 1.05-2.04) in the 6 months preceding the cross-sectional assessment. CONCLUSION The present study made evident a high prevalence of HSV-2 infection in a sample of HIV-negative high-risk MSM from Rio de Janeiro. This finding indicates the need and urgency for implementing integrated programs for the prevention of HSV-2 and other sexually transmitted diseases, and, in particular, programs targeting high-risk MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junia Rodrigues
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas (IPEC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Blal CA, Passos SRL, Horn C, Georg I, Bonecini-Almeida MG, Rolla VC, De Castro L. High prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among tuberculosis patients with and without HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 24:41-3. [PMID: 15616838 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-004-1272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To determine the prevalence and exposure factors associated with hepatitis B infection in tuberculosis patients with and without HIV type 1 coinfection, the presence of hepatitis B virus serological markers was investigated in a retrospective study. The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus in patients with tuberculosis only was 14.6%, and in tuberculosis patients coinfected with HIV it increased to 35.8%. In patients with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection, homosexuality constituted the principal exposure factor, while in tuberculosis patients without HIV, a gradual increase in hepatitis B virus seroprevalence was noted along with increasing age. The results demonstrate that hepatitis B infection is highly prevalent in tuberculosis patients in Brazil and suggest that a vaccination program for the general population should be considered in order to prevent further hepatitis B infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Blal
- Departamento de Micro-Imuno-Parasitologia, Serviço de Imunologia, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Diaz T, Almeida MGB, Georg I, Maia SC, De Souza RV, Markowitz LE. Evaluation of the Determine Rapid Syphilis TP assay using sera. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2004; 11:98-101. [PMID: 14715552 PMCID: PMC321336 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.11.1.98-101.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2003] [Revised: 08/06/2003] [Accepted: 11/04/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Abbott Determine Rapid Syphilis TP assay is a treponemal test that can be used in resource-poor settings that lack laboratory facilities. However, this test has not been extensively evaluated. We measured its sensitivity and specificity by using stored serum specimens (n = 567) from all persons who tested Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) positive (n = 250) or TPHA indeterminate (n = 17) in the year 2001 and the first 300 patients in 2001 who tested TPHA negative at the Evandro Chagas Research Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This rapid assay was independently interpreted by three different observers. With TPHA results as the reference, sensitivity ranged between readers from 95.6 to 98.4% and specificity ranged from 97.3 to 95.7%. There was little interreader variability in the interpretation of results, with approximately 98% agreement for all reader combinations. Of samples from persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (n = 198), sensitivity was 96.9 to 99.2% and it was 94.4 to 96.3% among HIV-negative persons (n = 127). Specificity was 92.4 to 95.5% among HIV-positive persons and 97.2 to 100% among HIV-negative persons. We found this test to have high sensitivity and specificity and little interreader variability, indicating that it may be easily used in resource-poor settings without laboratory facilities. Further studies are needed using this test on whole blood and under the clinical conditions for which it is intended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Diaz
- Global AIDS Program, National Center for HIV, STD, TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Galhardo MC, de Carvalho MG, Georg I, Perez M, Morgado MG, de Azevedo LM, Sampaio EP, Sarno EN. Nutritional status impairments in HIV-infected patients are associated with increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 serum levels but not with viral load. Infection 2001; 29:257-61. [PMID: 11688902 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-001-1074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines may alter metabolic pathways and contribute to malnutrition among human immunodefiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. PATIENTS AND METHODS Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble IL-2 receptors (sIL-2R), beta2-microglobulin serum levels and plasma viral load of 45 HIV-positive patients were determined and correlated to nutritional status impairment. Patients were grouped by CD4 counts into categories I (< 200/microl), II (200-499/microl), III (> or = 500/microl). There were 15 healthy controls. A nutritional grading system, based on anthropometric and laboratory data, was devised. Scores ranged from 0 to 5 (eutrophic to malnutrition). RESULTS AIDS patients' cytokines and immune marker levels were significantly higher than those of the controls, but not always higher than those of other categories. AIDS patients had higher nutritional deficit grades than category III (p < 0.05) or the controls (p < 0.02) which, except for viral load, correlated with the parameters studied. CONCLUSION Nutritional status impairments in HIV-positive individuals were associated with immune activation but not with viral load.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Galhardo
- Centro de Pesquisa Hospital Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypersensitivity dermatoses are common in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) patients, particularly as the disease progresses. Studies have shown that a switch to T-helper 2 (Th2) might represent a turning point in HIV. This study investigated whether increases in the number of skin mast cells, immunoglobulin E (IgE) serum levels, and eosinophilia, involved in the Th2 response in allergic disease, might also be present in HIV+ patients. If so, these alterations might explain one of the mechanisms of skin hypersensitivity in these patients. METHODS Forty-five skin biopsies from the normal skin of the upper arm of HIV+ patients and 15 controls were included in the study. HIV+ individuals were classified into three equal categories according to their immunologic status: Category I (< 200/microL), Category II (200-499/microL), and Category III (> 500/microL). Anti-tryptase antibody was employed in tissue sections to show mast cells; IgE serum levels and eosinophils in peripheral blood count were investigated; delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin tests (candidin, trichophytin, and PPD 2U) were evaluated. RESULTS Normal cutaneous mast cell and eosinophil counts were the same in all categories and in the control group, but increased IgE levels (P < 0. 01) and DTH skin test anergy (P < 0.006) were observed among acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. CONCLUSIONS The density of skin mast cells in HIV infection was not modified in the course of the disease. Mast cells do not seem to be primarily responsible for triggering hypersensitivity dermatoses among AIDS patients, although data in support of the Th2 response, as seen in increased IgE serum levels and DTH anergy, are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Galhardo
- Centro de Pesquisa-Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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