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Kenny-Ganzert IW, Sherwood DR. The C. elegans anchor cell: A model to elucidate mechanisms underlying invasion through basement membrane. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:23-34. [PMID: 37422376 PMCID: PMC10592375 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell invasion through basement membrane barriers is crucial during many developmental processes and in immune surveillance. Dysregulation of invasion also drives the pathology of numerous human diseases, such as metastasis and inflammatory disorders. Cell invasion involves dynamic interactions between the invading cell, basement membrane, and neighboring tissues. Owing to this complexity, cell invasion is challenging to study in vivo, which has hampered the understanding of mechanisms controlling invasion. Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell invasion is a powerful in vivo model where subcellular imaging of cell-basement membrane interactions can be combined with genetic, genomic, and single-cell molecular perturbation studies. In this review, we outline insights gained by studying anchor cell invasion, which span transcriptional networks, translational regulation, secretory apparatus expansion, dynamic and adaptable protrusions that breach and clear basement membrane, and a complex, localized metabolic network that fuels invasion. Together, investigation of anchor cell invasion is building a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that underlie invasion, which we expect will ultimately facilitate better therapeutic strategies to control cell invasive activity in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David R Sherwood
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Sherwood DR, Kenny-Ganzert IW, Balachandar Thendral S. Translational regulation of cell invasion through extracellular matrix-an emerging role for ribosomes. F1000Res 2023; 12:1528. [PMID: 38628976 PMCID: PMC11019292 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.143519.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Many developmental and physiological processes require cells to invade and migrate through extracellular matrix barriers. This specialized cellular behavior is also misregulated in many diseases, such as immune disorders and cancer. Cell invasive activity is driven by pro-invasive transcriptional networks that activate the expression of genes encoding numerous different proteins that expand and regulate the cytoskeleton, endomembrane system, cell adhesion, signaling pathways, and metabolic networks. While detailed mechanistic studies have uncovered crucial insights into pro-invasive transcriptional networks and the distinct cell biological attributes of invasive cells, less is known about how invasive cells modulate mRNA translation to meet the robust, dynamic, and unique protein production needs of cell invasion. In this review we outline known modes of translation regulation promoting cell invasion and focus on recent studies revealing elegant mechanisms that expand ribosome biogenesis within invasive cells to meet the increased protein production requirements to invade and migrate through extracellular matrix barriers.
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Morton KS, Hartman JH, Heffernan N, Ryde IT, Kenny-Ganzert IW, Meng L, Sherwood DR, Meyer JN. Chronic high-sugar diet in adulthood protects Caenorhabditis elegans from 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. BMC Biol 2023; 21:252. [PMID: 37950228 PMCID: PMC10636816 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets high in saturated fat and sugar, termed "Western diets," have been associated with several negative health outcomes, including increased risk for neurodegenerative disease. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by the progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. We build upon previous work characterizing the impact of high-sugar diets in Caenorhabditis elegans to mechanistically evaluate the relationship between high-sugar diets and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. RESULTS Adult high-glucose and high-fructose diets, or exposure from day 1 to 5 of adulthood, led to increased lipid content, shorter lifespan, and decreased reproduction. However, in contrast to previous reports, we found that adult chronic high-glucose and high-fructose diets did not induce dopaminergic neurodegeneration alone and were protective from 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced degeneration. Neither sugar altered baseline electron transport chain function and both increased vulnerability to organism-wide ATP depletion when the electron transport chain was inhibited, arguing against energetic rescue as a basis for neuroprotection. The induction of oxidative stress by 6-OHDA is hypothesized to contribute to its pathology, and high-sugar diets prevented this increase in the soma of the dopaminergic neurons. However, we did not find increased expression of antioxidant enzymes or glutathione levels. Instead, we found evidence suggesting downregulation of the dopamine reuptake transporter dat-1 that could result in decreased 6-OHDA uptake. CONCLUSIONS Our work uncovers a neuroprotective role for high-sugar diets, despite concomitant decreases in lifespan and reproduction. Our results support the broader finding that ATP depletion alone is insufficient to induce dopaminergic neurodegeneration, whereas increased neuronal oxidative stress may drive degeneration. Finally, our work highlights the importance of evaluating lifestyle by toxicant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica H Hartman
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, Durham, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | | | - Ian T Ryde
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | | | - Lingfeng Meng
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | | | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, Durham, USA.
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Morton KS, Hartman JS, Heffernan N, Ryde I, Kenny-Ganzert IW, Meng L, Sherwood DR, Meyer JN. Chronic high-sugar diet in adulthood protects Caenorhabditis elegans from 6-OHDA induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.29.542737. [PMID: 37398434 PMCID: PMC10312447 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.29.542737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets high in saturated fat and sugar, termed western diets, have been associated with several negative health outcomes, including increased risk for neurodegenerative disease. Parkinson s Disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by the progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. We build upon previous work characterizing the impact of high sugar diets in Caenorhabditis elegans to mechanistically evaluate the relationship between high sugar diets and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. RESULTS Non-developmental high glucose and fructose diets led to increased lipid content and shorter lifespan and decreased reproduction. However, in contrast to previous reports, we found that non-developmental chronic high-glucose and high-fructose diets did not induce dopaminergic neurodegeneration alone and were protective from 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced degeneration. Neither sugar altered baseline electron transport chain function, and both increased vulnerability to organism-wide ATP depletion when the electron transport chain was inhibited, arguing against energetic rescue as a basis for neuroprotection. The induction of oxidative stress by 6-OHDA is hypothesized to contribute to its pathology, and high sugar diets prevented this increase in the soma of the dopaminergic neurons. However, we did not find increased expression of antioxidant enzymes or glutathione levels. Instead, we found evidence suggesting alterations to dopamine transmission that could result in decreased 6-OHDA uptake. CONCLUSION Our work uncovers a neuroprotective role for high sugar diets, despite concomitant decreases in lifespan and reproduction. Our results support the broader finding that ATP depletion alone is insufficient to induce dopaminergic neurodegeneration, whereas increased neuronal oxidative stress may drive degeneration. Finally, our work highlights the importance of evaluating lifestyle by toxicant interactions.
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Park K, Jayadev R, Payne SG, Kenny-Ganzert IW, Chi Q, Costa DS, Ramos-Lewis W, Thendral SB, Sherwood DR. Reciprocal discoidin domain receptor signaling strengthens integrin adhesion to connect adjacent tissues. eLife 2023; 12:RP87037. [PMID: 37405383 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Separate tissues connect through adjoining basement membranes to carry out molecular barrier, exchange, and organ support functions. Cell adhesion at these connections must be robust and balanced to withstand independent tissue movement. Yet, how cells achieve synchronized adhesion to connect tissues is unknown. Here, we have investigated this question using the Caenorhabditis elegans utse-seam tissue connection that supports the uterus during egg-laying. Through genetics, quantitative fluorescence, and cell-specific molecular disruption, we show that type IV collagen, which fastens the linkage, also activates the collagen receptor discoidin domain receptor-2 (DDR-2) in both the utse and seam. RNAi depletion, genome editing, and photobleaching experiments revealed that DDR-2 signals through LET-60/Ras to coordinately strengthen an integrin adhesion in the utse and seam that stabilizes their connection. These results uncover a synchronizing mechanism for robust adhesion during tissue connection, where collagen both affixes the linkage and signals to both tissues to bolster their adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieop Park
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Ranjay Jayadev
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Sara G Payne
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States
| | | | - Qiuyi Chi
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Daniel S Costa
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States
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Costa DS, Kenny-Ganzert IW, Chi Q, Park K, Kelley LC, Garde A, Matus DQ, Park J, Yogev S, Goldstein B, Gibney TV, Pani AM, Sherwood DR. The Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell transcriptome: ribosome biogenesis drives cell invasion through basement membrane. Development 2023; 150:dev201570. [PMID: 37039075 PMCID: PMC10259517 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell invasion through basement membrane (BM) barriers is important in development, immune function and cancer progression. As invasion through BM is often stochastic, capturing gene expression profiles of actively invading cells in vivo remains elusive. Using the stereotyped timing of Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell (AC) invasion, we generated an AC transcriptome during BM breaching. Through a focused RNAi screen of transcriptionally enriched genes, we identified new invasion regulators, including translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP). We also discovered gene enrichment of ribosomal proteins. AC-specific RNAi, endogenous ribosome labeling and ribosome biogenesis analysis revealed that a burst of ribosome production occurs shortly after AC specification, which drives the translation of proteins mediating BM removal. Ribosomes also enrich near the AC endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Sec61 translocon and the endomembrane system expands before invasion. We show that AC invasion is sensitive to ER stress, indicating a heightened requirement for translation of ER-trafficked proteins. These studies reveal key roles for ribosome biogenesis and endomembrane expansion in cell invasion through BM and establish the AC transcriptome as a resource to identify mechanisms underlying BM transmigration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Costa
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Qiuyi Chi
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Kieop Park
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Laura C. Kelley
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Aastha Garde
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - David Q. Matus
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Junhyun Park
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Shaul Yogev
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Bob Goldstein
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Theresa V. Gibney
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 29903, USA
| | - Ariel M. Pani
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 29903, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 29904, USA
| | - David R. Sherwood
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Park K, Jayadev R, Payne SG, Kenny-Ganzert IW, Chi Q, Costa DS, Ramos-Lewis W, Thendral SB, Sherwood DR. Reciprocal discoidin domain receptor signaling strengthens integrin adhesion to connect adjacent tissues. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.14.532639. [PMID: 36993349 PMCID: PMC10055161 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.14.532639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Separate tissues connect through adjoining basement membranes to carry out molecular barrier, exchange, and organ support functions. Cell adhesion at these connections must be robust and balanced to withstand independent tissue movement. Yet, how cells achieve synchronized adhesion to connect tissues is unknown. Here, we have investigated this question using the C. elegans utse-seam tissue connection that supports the uterus during egg-laying. Through genetics, quantitative fluorescence, and cell specific molecular disruption, we show that type IV collagen, which fastens the linkage, also activates the collagen receptor discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR-2) in both the utse and seam. RNAi depletion, genome editing, and photobleaching experiments revealed that DDR-2 signals through LET-60/Ras to coordinately strengthen an integrin adhesion in the utse and seam that stabilizes their connection. These results uncover a synchronizing mechanism for robust adhesion during tissue connection, where collagen both affixes the linkage and signals to both tissues to bolster their adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieop Park
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ranjay Jayadev
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Sara G. Payne
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Qiuyi Chi
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Daniel S. Costa
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | | | - David R. Sherwood
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Correspondence:
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