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Basu I, Bower JE, Henderson GK, Lowe O, Newton S, Vaughan R, Roberts SA. False-negative BD MGIT™ TBc Identification Test results in routine tuberculosis diagnosis: a New Zealand perspective. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 19:1073-5. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pomykala KL, Ganz PA, Bower JE, Kwan L, Castellon SA, Mallam S, Cheng I, Ahn R, Breen EC, Irwin MR, Silverman DHS. The association between pro-inflammatory cytokines, regional cerebral metabolism, and cognitive complaints following adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Brain Imaging Behav 2014; 7:511-23. [PMID: 23835929 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-013-9243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To examine relationships following adjuvant chemotherapy between circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, regional cerebral metabolism, and cognitive complaints in early stage breast cancer patients. 33 breast cancer patients who had completed initial treatment (surgery, ± radiation, 23 chemotherapy, 10 no chemotherapy) obtained resting (18)F-FDG PET/CT brain imaging at baseline and 1 year later. Pro-inflammatory cytokine markers (IL-1ra, sTNF-RII, CRP, and IL-6) and cognitive complaints were also assessed at both time points. At baseline, consistent correlations were seen between the left medial frontal and right inferior lateral anterior temporal cortices and inflammatory markers within the chemotherapy group, and not in the no chemotherapy group. After 1 year, correlations persisted in the medial frontal cortex and the temporal cortex, the latter shifting superiorly. Both of these regional correlations demonstrated the highest levels of significance when looking across the 1 year time frame (IL-1ra: peak voxel p < 0.0005; cluster size p < 0.0005, p = 0.001 after correction (medial prefrontal), p < 0.0005; cluster size p = 0.001, p = 0.029 corr. (anterior temporal), sTNF-RII: p < 0.0005; cluster size p = 0.001, p = 0.040 corr. (medial prefrontal)). Positive correlations were also seen within the chemotherapy group between baseline memory complaints and the medial frontal (p < 0.0005; cluster size p < 0.0005, p < 0.0005 corr.) and anterior temporal (p < 0.0005; cluster size p < 0.0005, p = 0.002 corr.) cortices at baseline and 1 year later. Metabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior temporal cortex was found to correlate with both memory complaints and cytokine marker levels in chemotherapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Pomykala
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 200 Medical Plaza, Suite B114, Mail Code: 737024, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7370, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although basic research on neuroimmune interactions suggests that inflammatory processes may play a role in the development of fatigue, population-based evidence on this association is limited. This study examined whether plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), biomarkers of systemic inflammation, predict fatigue onset. METHOD The Whitehall II study is a large-scale cohort study conducted in 20 civil service departments in London. Plasma CRP and IL-6 were measured in 4847 non-fatigued participants at phase 3 (1991-1993, aged 39-63 years). Fatigue was assessed using the Vitality subscale of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) at phase 3 and phase 4 (1995-1996). RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 3.1 years, 957 new fatigue cases (19.7%) were identified using the pre-established cut-off score of ≤ 50 on the Vitality subscale. CRP values were dichotomized as low (<1.0 mg/l ) or high (≥ 1.0 mg/l) using the Centers for Disease Control/American Heart Association recommendations. Similarly, IL-6 values were also dichotomized as low (<1.5 pg/ml) or high (≥ 1.5 pg/ml). After full adjustment for sociodemographic and biobehavioral covariates, the odds ratios for new-onset fatigue were 1.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.49, p = 0.003] for high CRP and 1.24 (95% CI 1.06-1.45, p = 0.008) for high IL-6. Similar results were found when CRP and IL-6 were treated as continuous variables. CONCLUSIONS Plasma CRP and IL-6 were prospectively associated with new-onset fatigue, supporting the hypothesis that low-grade inflammation has a role in the development of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cho
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmmunology, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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4
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Yen S, Bower JE, Freeman JT, Basu I, O'Toole RF. Phylogenetic lineages of tuberculosis isolates in New Zealand and their association with patient demographics. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:892-7. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Yen
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - J. E. Bower
- LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J. T. Freeman
- LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - I. Basu
- LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R. F. O'Toole
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Ganz PA, Bower JE, Kwan L, Castellon SA, Silverman DHS, Geist C, Breen EC, Irwin MR, Cole SW. Does tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) play a role in post-chemotherapy cerebral dysfunction? Brain Behav Immun 2013; 30 Suppl:S99-108. [PMID: 22884417 PMCID: PMC3522786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-chemotherapy treated cancer patients frequently report cognitive difficulties. The biology of this phenomenon is poorly understood, with uncertainty about possible direct toxic effects on the brain, secondary effects from systemic inflammation, host factors/genetic predisposition to cognitive complaints, or hormonal changes influencing cognitive function. To elucidate possible mechanisms associated with post-treatment cognitive dysfunction among breast cancer survivors, in 2007 we established a prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study of early stage breast cancer patients, recruited at the end of initial treatments (primary treatment exposure included surgery, ± radiation, ± chemotherapy), and prior to the initiation of adjuvant endocrine therapy. We assessed cognitive complaints, neuropsychological (NP) test performance, markers of inflammation, and brain imaging at baseline, 6 months and 12 months after enrollment. In this analysis of data from the first 93 patients enrolled in the cohort study, we focus on the relationship of circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines to cerebral functioning and chemotherapy exposure. Among the proinflammatory cytokines tested (IL-1 ra, sTNF-RII, CRP, and IL-6) at baseline, only sTNF-RII was increased among chemotherapy exposed patients, with a significant decline in the year after treatment (p=0.003). Higher baseline sTNF-RII in chemotherapy patients was significantly associated with increased memory complaints. In chemotherapy exposed patients, the longitudinal decline in sTNF-RII was significantly correlated with fewer memory complaints over 12 months (r=-0.34, p=0.04). Higher baseline sTNF-RII was also associated with relatively diminished brain metabolism in the inferior frontal cortex (r=-0.55, p=0.02), as well as relatively increased inferior frontal metabolism after 1 year, in chemotherapy-exposed subjects. These preliminary findings suggest that post-chemotherapy increases in TNF-α may be playing an important role in the manifestations of cognitive complaints in breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Ganz
- Department of Health Policy & Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Sangeles, CA, USA.
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Williamson DA, Roberts SA, Bower JE, Vaughan R, Newton S, Lowe O, Lewis CA, Freeman JT. Clinical failures associated with rpoB mutations in phenotypically occult multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:216-20. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Williamson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S. A. Roberts
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J. E. Bower
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R. Vaughan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S. Newton
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - O. Lowe
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C. A. Lewis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J. T. Freeman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Freeman JT, Williamson DA, Heffernan H, Smith M, Bower JE, Roberts SA. Comparative epidemiology of CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15 producing Escherichia coli: association with distinct demographic groups in the community in New Zealand. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 31:2057-60. [PMID: 22271302 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-011-1540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL-EC) are an emerging public health issue. In New Zealand (NZ), bla (CTX-M-14) and bla (CTX-M-15) are the most common ESBL genes. Although many studies describe risk factors for ESBL-EC, few describe risk factors for specific ESBL genes. Between January 2006 and December 2007, we characterized 108 consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of ESBL-EC at the Auckland Hospital laboratory. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Of the 108, 54.6% (59) were CTX-M-15-EC, 26.9% (29) were CTX-M-14-EC and 12.09% were CTX-M-9 (13). The remaining seven isolates carried CTX-M-3 (3; 2.7%), CTX-M-65 (2; 1.8%), CTX-M-27 (1; 0.9%) and CTX-M-57 (1; 0.9%). CTX-M-15-EC were more likely than CTX-M-14-EC to be fluoroquinolone-resistant (86.4% versus 32.4%; p=0.006) and to be non-susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate (84.7% versus 41.4%; p=0.0001). Patients with CTX-M-15-EC were more likely to be of Indian ethnicity (34.5% versus 0%; p=0.0012) and to have travelled recently (31.6% versus 4%; p=0.0088). Patients with CTX-M-14-EC were more likely to have Chinese or South-East Asian ethnicity (48.1% versus 5.2%; p<0.0001) and to have no history of either travel or prior hospital admission (44% versus 8.9%; p=0.0006). These data imply that CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-14 producing E. coli are associated with distinct demographic subgroups in NZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Freeman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Ganz PA, Castellon SA, Silverman DHS, Kwan L, Bower JE, Irwin MR, Cole SW. Does circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) play a role in post-chemotherapy cerebral dysfunction in breast cancer survivors (BCS)? J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.9008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Marcet Z, Hang ZH, Chan CT, Kravchenko I, Bower JE, Cirelli RA, Klemens F, Mansfield WM, Miner JF, Pai CS, Chan HB. Optical transmission through double-layer, laterally shifted metallic subwavelength hole arrays. Opt Lett 2010; 35:2124-2126. [PMID: 20596167 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.002124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We measure the transmission of IR radiation through double-layer metal films with periodic arrays of subwavelength holes. When the two metal films are placed in sufficiently close proximity, two types of transmission resonances emerge. For the surface plasmon mode, the electromagnetic field is concentrated on the outer surface of the entire metallic layer stack. In contrast, for the guided mode, the field is confined to the gap between the two metal layers. Our measurements indicate that, as the two layers are laterally shifted from perfect alignment, the peak transmission frequency of the guided mode decreases significantly, while that of the surface plasmon mode remains largely unchanged, in agreement with numerical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Marcet
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Marcet Z, Paster JW, Carr DW, Bower JE, Cirelli RA, Klemens F, Mansfield WM, Miner JF, Pai CS, Chan HB. Controlling the phase delay of light transmitted through double-layer metallic subwavelength slit arrays. Opt Lett 2008; 33:1410-1412. [PMID: 18594648 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.001410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the phase of light transmitted through double-layer subwavelength metallic slit arrays can be controlled through lateral shift of the two layers. Our samples consist of two aluminum layers, each of which contains an array of subwavelength slits. The two layers are placed in sufficient proximity to allow coupling of the evanescent fields at resonance. By changing the lateral shift between the layers from zero to half the period, the phase of the transmitted electromagnetic field is increased by pi, while the transmitted intensity remains high. Such a controllable phase delay could open new capabilities for nanophotonic devices that cannot be achieved with single-layer structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Marcet
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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11
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Chan HB, Marcet Z, Woo K, Tanner DB, Carr DW, Bower JE, Cirelli RA, Ferry E, Klemens F, Miner J, Pai CS, Taylor JA. Optical transmission through double-layer metallic subwavelength slit arrays. Opt Lett 2006; 31:516-8. [PMID: 16496905 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We present measurements of transmission of infrared radiation through double-layer metallic grating structures. Each metal layer contains an array of subwavelength slits and supports transmission resonance in the absence of the other layer. The two metal layers are fabricated in close proximity to allow coupling of the evanescent field on individual layers. The transmission of the double layer is found to be surprisingly large at particular wavelengths, even when no direct line of sight exists through the structure as a result of the lateral shifts between the two layers. We perform numerical simulations using rigorous coupled wave analysis to explain the strong dependence of the peak transmission on the lateral shift between the metal layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Chan
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
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Stanton AL, Ganz PA, Bower JE, Kwan L, Meyerowitz BE, Rowland JH, Krupnick JL. The Moving Beyond Cancer trial: A psycho educational intervention for women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. Stanton
- UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; National Cancer Instiute, Bethesda, MD; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - P. A. Ganz
- UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; National Cancer Instiute, Bethesda, MD; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - J. E. Bower
- UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; National Cancer Instiute, Bethesda, MD; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - L. Kwan
- UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; National Cancer Instiute, Bethesda, MD; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - B. E. Meyerowitz
- UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; National Cancer Instiute, Bethesda, MD; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - J. H. Rowland
- UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; National Cancer Instiute, Bethesda, MD; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - J. L. Krupnick
- UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; National Cancer Instiute, Bethesda, MD; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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Castellon SA, Ganz PA, Petersen L, Bower JE, Greendale GA. Neurocognitive performance in breast cancer survivors (BCS): Exploring the relationship with adjuvant treatment, psychological and reproductive factors. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
Psychological beliefs such as optimism, personal control, and a sense of meaning are known to be protective of mental health. Are they protective of physical health as well? The authors present a program of research that has tested the implications of cognitive adaptation theory and research on positive illusions for the relation of positive beliefs to disease progression among men infected with HIV. The investigations have revealed that even unrealistically optimistic beliefs about the future may be health protective. The ability to find meaning in the experience is also associated with a less rapid course of illness. Taken together, the research suggests that psychological beliefs such as meaning, control, and optimism act as resources, which may not only preserve mental health in the context of traumatic or life-threatening events but be protective of physical health as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1563, USA.
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Bower JE, Ganz PA, Desmond KA, Rowland JH, Meyerowitz BE, Belin TR. Fatigue in breast cancer survivors: occurrence, correlates, and impact on quality of life. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18:743-53. [PMID: 10673515 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2000.18.4.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 775] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the occurrence of fatigue in a large sample of breast cancer survivors relative to general population norms and to identify demographic, medical, and psychosocial characteristics of fatigued survivors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Breast cancer survivors in two large metropolitan areas completed standardized questionnaires as part of a survey study, including the RAND 36-item Health Survey, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, Breast Cancer Prevention Trial Symptom Checklist, Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, and demographic and treatment-related measures. RESULTS On average, the level of fatigue reported by the breast cancer survivors surveyed (N = 1,957) was comparable to that of age-matched women in the general population, although the breast cancer survivors were somewhat more fatigued than a more demographically similar reference group. Approximately one third of the breast cancer survivors assessed reported more severe fatigue, which was associated with significantly higher levels of depression, pain, and sleep disturbance. In addition, fatigued women were more bothered by menopausal symptoms and were somewhat more likely to have received chemotherapy (with or without radiation therapy) than nonfatigued women. In multivariate analyses, depression and pain emerged as the strongest predictors of fatigue. CONCLUSION Although the majority of breast cancer survivors in this large and diverse sample did not experience heightened levels of fatigue relative to women in the general population, there was a subgroup of survivors who did report more severe and persistent fatigue. We identified characteristics of these women that may be helpful in elucidating the mechanisms underlying fatigue in this population, as well as directing intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Bower
- Norman Cousins Center in Psychoneuroimmunology, Departments of Biostatistics and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Schools of Public Health and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Abstract
Psychological beliefs such as optimism, personal control, and a sense of meaning are known to be protective of mental health. Are they protective of physical health as well? The authors present a program of research that has tested the implications of cognitive adaptation theory and research on positive illusions for the relation of positive beliefs to disease progression among men infected with HIV. The investigations have revealed that even unrealistically optimistic beliefs about the future may be health protective. The ability to find meaning in the experience is also associated with a less rapid course of illness. Taken together, the research suggests that psychological beliefs such as meaning, control, and optimism act as resources, which may not only preserve mental health in the context of traumatic or life-threatening events but be protective of physical health as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1563, USA.
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Bower JE, Kemeny ME, Taylor SE, Fahey JL. Cognitive processing, discovery of meaning, CD4 decline, and AIDS-related mortality among bereaved HIV-seropositive men. J Consult Clin Psychol 1999. [PMID: 9874911 DOI: 10.1037//0022-006x.66.6.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether finding meaning in response to an HIV-related stressor was associated with changes in immune status and health. Forty HIV-seropositive men who had recently experienced an AIDS-related bereavement completed interviews assessing cognitive processing and finding meaning after the loss and provided blood samples for a 2- to 3-year follow-up. AIDS-related mortality over an extended follow-up was determined from death certificates. As predicted, men who engaged in cognitive processing were more likely to find meaning from the loss. Furthermore, men who found meaning showed less rapid declines in CD4 T cell levels and lower rates of AIDS-related mortality (all ps < .05), independent of health status at baseline, health behaviors, and other potential confounds. These results suggest that positive responses to stressful events, specifically the discovery of meaning, may be linked to positive immunologic and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Bower
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
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Bower JE, Kemeny ME, Taylor SE, Fahey JL. Cognitive processing, discovery of meaning, CD4 decline, and AIDS-related mortality among bereaved HIV-seropositive men. J Consult Clin Psychol 1998; 66:979-86. [PMID: 9874911 DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.66.6.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether finding meaning in response to an HIV-related stressor was associated with changes in immune status and health. Forty HIV-seropositive men who had recently experienced an AIDS-related bereavement completed interviews assessing cognitive processing and finding meaning after the loss and provided blood samples for a 2- to 3-year follow-up. AIDS-related mortality over an extended follow-up was determined from death certificates. As predicted, men who engaged in cognitive processing were more likely to find meaning from the loss. Furthermore, men who found meaning showed less rapid declines in CD4 T cell levels and lower rates of AIDS-related mortality (all ps < .05), independent of health status at baseline, health behaviors, and other potential confounds. These results suggest that positive responses to stressful events, specifically the discovery of meaning, may be linked to positive immunologic and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Bower
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
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Kuk Y, Jarrold MF, Silverman PJ, Bower JE, Brown WL. Preparation and observation of Si10 clusters on a Au(001)-(5 x 20) surface. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 39:11168-11170. [PMID: 9947938 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.11168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Jarrold MF, Bower JE, Creegan K. Chemistry of semiconductor clusters: A study of the reactions of size selected Si+n (n=3–24) with C2H4 using selected ion drift tube techniques. J Chem Phys 1989. [DOI: 10.1063/1.455820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kwo J, Gyorgy EM, McWhan DB, Hong M, DiSalvo FJ, Vettier C, Bower JE. Magnetic and structural properties of single-crystal rare-earth Gd-Y superlattices. Phys Rev Lett 1985; 55:1402-1405. [PMID: 10031810 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.55.1402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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25
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Erving HW, Bower JE. Hydatidiform mole following clomiphene therapy. Int Surg 1967; 47:493-6. [PMID: 6068404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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