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Naboulsi W, Planatscher H, Schmidt FF, Steinhilber A, Joos TO, Adedeji AO, McDuffie JE, Poetz O. Immunoaffinity proteomics for kidney injury biomarkers in male beagle dogs. EXCLI J 2024; 23:180-197. [PMID: 38487082 PMCID: PMC10938254 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) is a cause of drug development failure. Dogs represent a common non-rodent animal model in pre-clinical safety studies; however, biomarker assays for detecting nephrotoxicity in dogs are limited. To identify novel proteins and gain insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in DIKI, we developed an assay to evaluate proteomic changes associated with DIKI in male beagle dogs that received nephrotoxic doses of tobramycin for 10 consecutive days. Label-free quantitative discovery proteomics analysis on representative kidney cortex tissues collected on Day 11 showed that the tobramycin-induced kidney injury led to a significant differential regulation of 94 proteins mostly associated with mechanisms of nephrotoxicity such as oxidative stress and proteasome degradation. For verification of the proteomic results, we developed a multiplex peptide-centric immunoaffinity liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay (IA LC-MS/MS) to evaluate the association of eight DIKI protein biomarker candidates using kidney cortices collected on Day 11 and urine samples collected on Days -4, 1, 3, 7 and 10. The results showed that most biomarkers evaluated were detected in the kidney cortices and their expression profile in tissue aligned with the label-free data. Cystatin C was the most consistent marker regardless of the magnitude of the renal injury while fatty acid-binding protein-4 (FABP4) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were the most affected biomarkers in response to moderate proximal tubular injury in absence of changes in serum-based concentrations of blood urea nitrogen or creatinine. In the urine, clusterin is considered the most consistent biomarker regardless of the magnitude and time of the renal injury. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive multiplex assay for the quantitative analysis of mechanism-based proximal tubular injury biomarkers in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas O. Joos
- Signatope GmbH, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Adeyemi O. Adedeji
- Department of Safety Assessment, Genentech, A Member of the Roche Group, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J. Eric McDuffie
- Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC, San Diego, California, USA
- Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Oliver Poetz
- Signatope GmbH, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Reutlingen, Germany
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Chen Y, Dale Thurman J, Kinter LB, Bialecki R, Eric McDuffie J. Perspectives on using a multiplex human kidney safety biomarker panel to detect cisplatin-induced tubular toxicity in male and female Cynomolgus monkeys. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 336:66-74. [PMID: 29051111 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiplex biomarker panel assays would enable early de-risking of discovery compound related kidney safety liabilities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Myriad RBM Human KidneyMAP (Multi-Analyte Profile)® v.1.0 panel to detect experimental nephrotoxicity in Cynomolgus monkeys following a single intravenous administration of cisplatin (2.5mg/kg). Urine samples were collected at baseline on day -2; at approximately 4hr post-dose on day 1; and on days 4, 9, 15 and/or 20. Blood samples were collected at predose on day -2; at 4hr post-dose on day 1; and on days 2, 5, 10 and/or 21. Changes in toxicokinetic and biochemistry parameters in plasma, qualitative/quantitative urinalysis parameters, and urinary kidney safety biomarkers were assessed. Kidney tissues were collected on days 2, 5, 10 and 21 for routine microscopy. Cisplatin-induced tubular alterations were characterized by acute and progressive cortical tubular degeneration/necrosis, regeneration, tubular dilation and proteinaceous cast in the absence of statistically significant changes in traditional plasma biochemistry and urinalysis parameters. When normalized to urinary creatinine, cisplatin-induced significant increases in urinary levels of kidney injury molecule 1 (females on day 4), increases in calbindin D28k (males and females on day 4), decreases in Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (males on days 1, 4 and 9), and increases in clusterin (females and males on days 15 and 20, respectively), when compared to concurrent controls. This study revealed the usefulness of the Human KidneyMAP® multiplex panel when measuring changes in urine-based biomarkers to reliably detect cisplatin-induced acute/progressive cortical tubular injury in male and female Cynomolgus monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Chen
- Mechanistic & Investigative Toxicology, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., San Diego, CA 92121, USA; Global Safety Assessment, AstraZeneca Research & Development, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - J Dale Thurman
- Global Safety Assessment, AstraZeneca Research & Development, Waltham, MA 02451, USA; Global Pathology Services, 140 Indian Hannah Road, West Chester, PA 19382, USA
| | - Lewis B Kinter
- Global Safety Assessment, AstraZeneca Research & Development, Waltham, MA 02451, USA; Green Lawn Professional Scientific Consulting, P.O. Box 765, Unionville, PA 19375, USA
| | - Russell Bialecki
- Global Safety Assessment, AstraZeneca Research & Development, Waltham, MA 02451, USA; Stine-Haskell Research Center, DuPont Crop Protection, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - J Eric McDuffie
- Mechanistic & Investigative Toxicology, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Wu J, McDuffie JE, Song J, Harris MC, Raymond H, Chen Y, Nguyen L, Nguyen S, Kanerva J, McAllister HM, Deng X, Mani N, Liu C, Sun S. LC/MS/MS Profiling of Tissue Oxysterols and its Application in Dextran Sodium Sulphate Induced Mouse Colitis Models. Curr Top Med Chem 2017; 17:2781-2790. [PMID: 28714418 DOI: 10.2174/1568026617666170713165519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a workflow to extract, separate, and semi-quantify bioactive oxysterols from mouse colon tissues and fecal matters using solid- and liquid-phase extractions, enzymatic and chemical modifications, and stable-isotope dilution LC/MS/MS. The method was applied to a dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model, which revealed that one particular dihydroxycholesterol (diOHC), 7α,25-diOHC, was significantly elevated in both colon tissue and fecal matters of mice with colitis compared to that in naïve mice. The extent of 7α,25-diOHC elevation was positively correlated with colitis severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejun Wu
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - J Eric McDuffie
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Jiao Song
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Michael C Harris
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Holly Raymond
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Yafei Chen
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Leslie Nguyen
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Steven Nguyen
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Justin Kanerva
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | | | - Xiaohu Deng
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Neelakandha Mani
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Changlu Liu
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
| | - Siquan Sun
- Janssen R&D, LLC., 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. United States
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Wagoner MP, Yang Y, McDuffie JE, Klapczynski M, Buck W, Cheatham L, Eisinger D, Sace F, Lynch KM, Sonee M, Ma JY, Chen Y, Marshall K, Damour M, Stephen L, Dragan YP, Fikes J, Snook S, Kinter LB. Evaluation of Temporal Changes in Urine-based Metabolomic and Kidney Injury Markers to Detect Compound Induced Acute Kidney Tubular Toxicity in Beagle Dogs. Curr Top Med Chem 2017; 17:2767-2780. [PMID: 28714420 DOI: 10.2174/1568026617666170713172331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Urinary protein biomarkers and metabolomic markers have been leveraged to detect acute Drug Induced Kidney Injury (DIKI) in rats; however, the utility of these indicators to enable early detection of DIKI in canine models has not been well documented. Therefore, we evaluated temporal changes in biomarkers and metabolites in urine from male and female beagle dogs. Gentamicin- induced kidney lesions in male dogs were characterized by moderate to severe tubular epithelial cell degeneration/necrosis, epithelial cell regeneration and dilation; and a unique urinebased metabolomic fingerprint. These metabolite changes included time and treatment-dependent increases in lactate, taurine, glucose, lactate, alanine, and citrate as well as 9 other known metabolites. As early as 3 days post dose, gentamicin induced increases in urinary albumin, clusterin, neutrophil gelatinase associated protein (NGAL) and total protein concentrations. Urinary albumin, clusterin, and NGAL showed earlier and more robust elevations than traditional kidney safety biomarkers, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Elevations in urinary kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) were less reliable for detection of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in dogs based on values generated utilizing multiple first-generation, canine-specific KIM-1 immunoassays. The metabolic fingerprint was further evaluated in male and female dogs that received Compound A which induced slightly reversible renal tubular alterations characterized as degeneration/necrosis and concurrent significant increases in urinary taurine amongst other markers. These data support further investigations to demonstrate the value of urinary metabolites, albumin, clusterin, NGAL and taurine as promising markers to enable early detection of DIKI in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Wagoner
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 35 Landsdowne St., Cambridge, MA, 02139. United States
| | - Y Yang
- Abbvie, North Chicago, IL. United States
| | - J E McDuffie
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | | | - W Buck
- Abbvie, North Chicago, IL. United States
| | - L Cheatham
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA, USA; 2Abbvie, North Chicago, IL. United States
| | | | - F Sace
- Biogen Idec, Waltham, MA. United States
| | - K M Lynch
- Abbvie, North Chicago, IL. United States
| | - M Sonee
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | - J-Y Ma
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | - Y Chen
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | - K Marshall
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | - M Damour
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | - L Stephen
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | | | - J Fikes
- Myriad RBM, TX. United States
| | - S Snook
- Janssen Research & Development, La Jolla, CA. United States
| | - L B Kinter
- Pfizer, Inc., New York City, NC. United States
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5
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McDuffie JE, Ma JY, Zhang Y, Almy FS, Wu X, Li K, Sonee M, Meng R, Rizzolio M, Snook SS. Immunolocalization of novel corticomedullary tubule injury markers in Cynomolgus monkeys treated with amphotericin B. J Toxicol Sci 2017; 42:167-174. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.42.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Eric McDuffie
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, USA
| | - Jing Ying Ma
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, USA
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, China
| | - Frederic S. Almy
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, China
| | - Ke Li
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, China
- Current address: Hutchinson Medi Pharma, Pharmaceutical Sciences, China
| | - Manisha Sonee
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, USA
| | - Ryan Meng
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, China
| | - Michele Rizzolio
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, USA
| | - Sandra S. Snook
- Discovery Sciences, Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, USA
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6
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McDuffie JE, Chen Y, Ma JY, Lee S, Lynch KM, Hamlin DM, Nguyen L, Rizzolio M, Sonee M, Snook S. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity in male beagle dogs: next-generation protein kidney safety biomarker tissue expression and related changes in urine. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:1202-1215. [PMID: 30090426 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00497g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This 10-day (D) study was conducted to evaluate changes in traditional and newer kidney safety biomarker expression levels in dogs. Animals received cisplatin (CDDP, 0.75 mg per kg per day) or 0.9% Saline (vehicle) for 5 days. Serum/urine samples were collected at various time points. Cage-side observations included emesis (D1-2/D4-D5/D7-9), absence of stool (D5-9/D11), soft stool (D4-7/D12), excessive salivation (D1/D3/D5-6), decreased food consumption (D5-8), decreased activity (D7-8) and/or dehydration (D7). Animals were necropsied when serum creatinine (sCr) levels measured at ≥1.9 mg dL-1, indicating significant loss of renal function; or at the end of the study (D11). When compared to controls, increases in BUN/sCr were detected on D3, D5 and/or D8. Increases in urinary total protein (Ur TP) were noted on D6. The moribund dog that was euthanized early on D7 showed insignificant increases in urinary osteopontin (Ur OPN), urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ur NGAL), urinary clusterin (Ur CLU), sCr, serum cystatin C (sCYS C) and urinary cystatin C (Ur CYS C) on D5 when compared to controls. Insignificant increases in urinary albumin (Ur ALB) were observed from an animal that was euthanized on D7 and 1 : 2 surviving animals on D8 relative to baseline. From three dogs that were euthanized on D9, increases in Ur CLU, and/or sCYS C were noted on D8 relative to baseline. The two surviving dogs showed elevated Ur CLU and 1 : 2 surviving dogs showed elevated Ur CYS C. Decreased urinary kidney injury molecule 1 (Ur KIM-1) on D3/D5 was evident (versus baseline and controls). CDDP-induced cortico-medullary lesions were characterized as minimal to mild tubule degeneration/necrosis, dilatation, regeneration, cell alteration, intratubular casts, interstitial inflammation and vacuolization. Increased Ur OPN and Ur CLU correlated with enhanced OPN and CLU immunopositive staining in damaged cortical epithelium in the proximal tubules. Enhanced KIM-1 staining in damaged cortico-medullary tubular epithelium appeared in the absence of rises in Ur KIM-1. This study showed changes in kidney safety protein biomarkers associated with CDDP nephrotoxicity in dogs and possibly in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E McDuffie
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , San Diego , CA , USA .
| | - Y Chen
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , San Diego , CA , USA .
| | - J Y Ma
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , San Diego , CA , USA .
| | - S Lee
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , San Diego , CA , USA .
| | - K M Lynch
- Department of Safety Assessment , GlaxoSmithKline , King of Prussia , PA , USA
| | - D M Hamlin
- Investigative Toxicology , Eli Lilly & Co. , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - L Nguyen
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , San Diego , CA , USA .
| | - M Rizzolio
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , San Diego , CA , USA .
| | - M Sonee
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , Spring House , PA , USA
| | - S Snook
- Discovery Sciences , Janssen Research & Development , L.L.C. , San Diego , CA , USA .
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Church RJ, McDuffie JE, Sonee M, Otieno M, Ma JY, Liu X, Watkins PB, Harrill AH. MicroRNA-34c-3p is an early predictive biomarker for doxorubicin-induced glomerular injury progression in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00051j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased microRNA-34c-3p appeared as a novel biomarker for doxorubicin nephrotoxicity in rats; alterations showed greater specificity than and comparable sensitivity to albuminuria for early prediction of glomerular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Eric McDuffie
- Preclinical Development and Safety
- Janssen Research & Development
- LLC
- San Diego, USA
| | - Manisha Sonee
- Preclinical Development and Safety
- Janssen Research & Development
- LLC
- Spring House, USA
| | - Monicah Otieno
- Preclinical Development and Safety
- Janssen Research & Development
- LLC
- Spring House, USA
| | - Jing Ying Ma
- Preclinical Development and Safety
- Janssen Research & Development
- LLC
- San Diego, USA
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Immunology Systems Pharmacology and Biomarkers
- Janssen Research & Development
- LLC
- San Diego, USA
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McDuffie JE, Sablad M, Ma J, Snook S. Urinary parameters predictive of cisplatin-induced acute renal injury in dogs. Cytokine 2010; 52:156-62. [PMID: 20655244 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Revised: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 28-day study was conducted to evaluate changes in urinary cytokine/chemokine expression levels in dogs with renal injury due to administration of cisplatin. Animals (n=17) were administered cisplatin at 0.75 mg/kg/day (i.v.) for five consecutive days. Urine/serum were collected at pre-dosing, 4h post-dosing and on days 2, 3, 4, 8, 10, 14, 16, 18, 21, 23, 25, 28 and unscheduled terminations. Animals were euthanized when serum creatinine (sCr) levels measured at ≥ 1.9 mg/dL, indicating significant loss of renal function (decreased glomerular filtration rate). Relevant clinical observations included lethargy and dehydration. Pre-study sCr levels ranged from 0.6 to 0.8 mg/dL; on days 1 through 4, sCr levels ranged from 0.5 and 1.1mg/dL; and terminal sCr levels ranged from 0.6 and 6.6 mg/dL. Histologically, cisplatin-related renal changes were characterized as proximal tubule dilatation, vacuolization, degeneration, regeneration, and interstitial inflammation. Increased interleukin (IL)-2, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) occurred on days 3 through 4. Increased IL-7 occurred on day 4. This study showed for the first time that inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in urine positively identified acute renal tubular injury in dogs at time points earlier than sCr, a traditional marker of nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eric McDuffie
- Global Preclinical Development, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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McDuffie JE, Yu X, Sobocinski G, Song Y, Chupka J, Albassam M. Acute Coronary Artery Injury in Dogs Following Administration of CI-1034, an Endothelin A Receptor Antagonist. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2006; 6:25-38. [PMID: 16845180 DOI: 10.1385/ct:6:1:25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2005] [Revised: 12/21/2005] [Accepted: 12/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize acute coronary artery injury evoked by the endothelin A receptor (ETAR) antagonist, CI-1034. Male dogs (n = 5) were intravenously administered CI-1034 at 120 mg/kg for 4 d. Control animals (n = 3) received vehicle. Macroscopically, drug-related hemorrhage was observed in the right coronary groove and atrium. Histologically, drugrelated coronary changes were characterized as medial hemorrhage and necrosis, with mixed inflammatory-cell infiltrates in the adventitia and media. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cleaved caspase-3, and S100A8/A9 (within in monocytes and neutrophils) proteins in coronary arteries of CI-1034-treated animals. However, there were similar expression levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) among control and CI-1034-treated animals. Significant drug-related nitric oxide (NO) accumulation occurred on days 1 through 4 in serum. Increased interleukin (IL)-6 and fibrinogen in plasma and serum amyloid A (SAA) occurred on days 2 through 5 in CI-1034-treated animals. Increased levels of NO accumulation in serum; increased IL-6 and fibrinogen levels in plasma; increased SAA levels; and increased expressions of iNOS, cleaved caspase-3, and S100A8/A9 complex appear to be characteristic of CI-1034-induced acute vascular injury in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eric McDuffie
- Esperion Therapeutics, a Division of Pfizer Global Research and Development, Drug Safety Evaluation, Plymouth, MI 48170, USA.
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10
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Bobrowski WF, McDuffie JE, Sobocinski G, Chupka J, Olle E, Bowman A, Albassam M. Comparative methods for multiplex analysis of cytokine protein expression in plasma of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. Cytokine 2005; 32:194-8. [PMID: 16257531 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2005.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 09/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Changes in circulating cytokines might serve as predictors of compound-evoked inflammatory responses. CD-1 mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.2 ml of 0.25 mg/ml, intraperitoneal) for subsequent expression measurement of plasma cytokine protein expression at 24-h post-treatment using multiple antibody Western blot, and at both 2-h and 24-h post-treatment using antibody array and suspension bead array. Antibody array provided a semi-qualitative assessment and suggested significantly increased expression of GCSF at 2-h post-treatment and GCSF, IL-6, IL-12, MCP-1, MCP-5, RANTES and sTNFR1 at 24-h post-treatment. Densitometric analysis of multiple antibody Western blots provided a semi-quantitative assessment and indicated significantly increased expression of IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, GCSF, eotaxin, and MCP-2 at 24-h post-treatment. The suspension bead array yielded statistically significant cytokine protein expression increases for IL-6, IL-10, IFNgamma and TNFalpha at both 2-h and 24-h post-treatments, while significant expression at 24-h post-treatment only was noted for IL-1beta, IL-5, IL-12 and GM-CSF. Suspension bead array provided the greatest range of detection, revealing subtle increased expression of GM-CSF, IL-1beta, IL-5, IL-10, TNFalpha and IFNgamma at 24-h post-treatment, not detected by antibody array or multiple antibody Western blot. Suspension bead array proved to be the best method for detection of LPS-evoked changes in plasma cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter F Bobrowski
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 2800 Plymouth Road, 35/183, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
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11
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Dame MK, Yu X, Garrido R, Bobrowski W, McDuffie JE, Murphy HS, Albassam M, Varani J. A stepwise method for the isolation of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells from individual canine coronary arteries. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2005; 39:402-6. [PMID: 14690451 DOI: 10.1290/1543-706x(2003)039<0402:asmfti>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Methods for the stepwise isolation of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells from individual canine coronary arteries are described. Both cell types can be isolated in pure culture with high yields. Dogs are a common species used in the study of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Capacity to isolate endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells from individual canine coronary arteries should prove useful in the study of coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Dame
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 4224 Medical Science I Building, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0602, USA.
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12
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Martinez-Mier G, Toledo-Pereyra LH, McDuffie JE, Warner RL, Hsiao C, Stapleton SR, Ward PA. Exogenous nitric oxide downregulates MIP-2 and MIP-1alpha chemokines and MAPK p44/42 after ischemia and reperfusion of the rat kidney. J INVEST SURG 2002; 15:287-96. [PMID: 12396433 DOI: 10.1080/08941930290086083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which nitric oxide (NO) exerts its protective effect in the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the kidney have not been fully determined. The hypothesis of this study was based on the assumption that I/R upregulates some chemokines (MIP-2 and MIP-1alpha) as well as certain protein kinases (MAPK p44/42), and therefore we aimed in this work at recognizing if an exogenous NO donor would downregulate these effects in rat ischemic kidneys at the same time that it would offer functional protection as measured by serum creatinine. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to renal warm ischemia (75 min) and contralateral nephrectomy. Animals were divided into 3 groups (n = 8 per group): sham, ischemic control, and ischemic group treated with sodium nitroprusside (NaNP 5 mg/kg) given 15 min prior to reperfusion. Serum creatinine (SCr), serum chemokines (MIP-2 and MIP-1alpha), kidney tissue MAPK p44/42, kidney neutrophil infiltration determined by myeloperoxidase (MPO), and light histology were evaluated 4 h after reperfusion began. There were significant improvements in SCr and better histopathological features in the I/R-NaNP group compared with the I/R group. Similarly, the I/R-NaNP kidneys exhibited a downregulating effect of serum chemokines (MIP-2 and MIP-1alpha) and kidney tissue MAPK p44/42 that was not observed in the I/R group alone. The MPO levels were lower in the I/R-NaNP group compared with the I/R untreated group. We can conclude from these experiments that I/R of the rat kidney upregulated the production of MIP-2 and MIP-1alpha chemokines and the activation of MAPKp44/42. It also had a detrimental effect on the function and structure of the ischemic kidney. Exogenous NO had a temporal protective effect in organ function and histology and exerted a downregulating response in the production of MIP-2 and MIP-1alpha chemokines and the activation of MAPK p44/42 following I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Martinez-Mier
- Department of Surgery Research Sciences, Trauma and Molecular Biology, Borgess Research Institute, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA
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Abstract
Neutrophils play a major role in the hepatic microvasculature following liver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Leukocyte cytokine chemoattractants (chemokines) are produced by neutrophils and cause neutrophil activation in I/R injury. We examined the role of neutrophils in the production of chemokines in the liver and lung inflammatory response following liver I/R. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to partial liver ischemia for 90 min. Four groups of animals were included: sham group, sham group with neutrophil depletion, ischemic control group, and ischemic control with neutrophil depletion. We evaluated at 3 h liver injury measurements, serum macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1alpha) chemokines, liver and lung tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO), and liver and lung histology. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Student-Newman-Keuls and Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparison Z-value tests. Ischemic controls showed a significant increase in liver enzyme levels along with statistically significant higher liver and lung MPO activity values than the rest of the other groups (p < .05). MIP-2 values were higher in the ischemic control group when compared to the ischemic neutrophil depleted group. MIP-1alpha levels showed opposite results, being significantly lower (p < .05) in the ischemic control as compared to the neutrophil-depleted group. Improved liver and lung histopathological features were observed in the ischemic neutrophil depleted group when compared to the ischemic control group. Our study confirmed the key role of neutrophils in liver I/R injury and appeared to suggest some relationship between neutrophils and the production of certain chemokines, such as MIP-1alpha, which had an inverse relationship in the absence of neutrophils. Further studies will confirm the validity of these preliminary observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Martinez-Mier
- Surgery Research Sciences and Molecular Biology, Borgess Research Institute, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA
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Abstract
The host response to alloantigen results in upregulation of Class II MHC antigens and associated cytokine production (especially IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)) as well as lymphocytic infiltration and cellular activation which leads to graft damage/destruction. RANTES (Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed and presumably Secreted) is a member of the beta subfamily (CC) of chemokines and has been shown to function as a lymphocyte chemoattractant. We now describe the requirement for RANTES in cardiac heterotopic allograft (brown Norway into Lewis rats) rejection in rats. By Northern blot analysis, mRNA could be detected in allografts at 6 and 8 days post-transplantation but not in isogenic (Lewis) grafts. RANTES protein could be demonstrated by Western blot analysis in homogenates from allografts at day 8 but not at day 0 and could not be identified in isogenic cardiac transplants. By immunostaining, RANTES protein was present in mononuclear cells of allografts at day 6 but was absent in the isogenic transplants. When rats were treated with anti-RANTES serum, there was a significant delay in rejection time (cessation of beating) of the allografts. These data demonstrate that expression of RANTES in rat cardiac allografts is linked to the rejection phenomenon.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Western
- Chemokine CCL5/genetics
- Chemokine CCL5/immunology
- Chemokine CCL5/physiology
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Gene Expression
- Graft Rejection/genetics
- Graft Rejection/metabolism
- Graft Survival/drug effects
- Heart Transplantation
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Myocardium/chemistry
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred BN
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Time Factors
- Transplantation, Homologous
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Mulligan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND P-selectin plays a major role in the earliest phase of polymorphonuclear neutrophil recruitment in the hepatic microvasculature after liver ischemia and reperfusion. Leukocyte cytokine chemoattractants (chemokines) cause polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation in ischemia and reperfusion injury. In this study, we examined the role of P-selectin in the production of chemokines in the liver and lung inflammatory response after 90 minutes of warm ischemia. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were subjected to partial liver ischemia for 90 minutes. Three groups of animals were included (n = 12 per group): the sham group, the ischemic control group, and the P-selectin-deficient gene targeted mice group. After 3 hours, we evaluated liver injury measurements, serum chemokines (MIP[macrophage inflammatory protein]-1alpha and MIP-2), liver and lung tissue myeloperoxidase, and liver and lung histology. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls', and Kruskal-Wallis Multiple Comparison Z-value tests. RESULTS P-selectin-deficient mice showed significant decreases in liver enzyme levels (p < 0.05) and marked decreases in serum MIP-1alpha and MIP-2 chemokine determinations (p < 0.05) when compared with ischemic controls. Neutrophil infiltration was significantly ameliorated in the liver (p < 0.05) and markedly decreased in the lung, as reflected by decreased MPO levels. Improved histopathologic features in the liver and lung were observed in the P-selectin-deficient mice group compared with ischemic controls. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms the key role of P-selectin in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia and reperfusion and the production of chemokines. P-selectin-deficient animals had improved liver function, decreased neutrophil infiltration, and decreased MIP- 1alpha and MIP-2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Martinez-Mier
- Borgess Research Institute, Department of Surgery Research Sciences, Kalamazoo, MI 49001, USA
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Mulligan MS, Warner RL, McDuffie JE, Bolling SF, Sarma JV, Ward PA. Regulatory role of Th-2 cytokines, IL-10 and IL-4, in cardiac allograft rejection. Exp Mol Pathol 2000; 69:1-9. [PMID: 10891287 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.2000.2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The host response to alloantigen results in T- and B-cell activation, upregulation of Class II MHC antigens, and cytokine production by Th-1 cells, resulting in generation of IL-2 and IFN gamma. Th-2 cell responses produce IL-4 and IL-10 which may shift the immune response from the Th-1 pathway to Th-2 responses, favoring Ig production. This could imply that Th-2-related cytokines protect allografts. In the following studies, employing cardiac heterotopic allografts in rats (Brown Norway into Lewis), we investigated regulatory roles of Th-2-related cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. Two strategies were used in animals receiving allografts: antibody-induced blocking of endogenous IL-4 or IL-10 and exogenous administration of either interleukin. Antibody to IL-4 failed to alter the rejection time, whereas anti-IL-10 greatly accelerated the rejection process. Northern blot analysis of RNA from allografted hearts revealed mRNA for both IL-4 and IL-10, while immunostaining showed strong staining for IL-10 and very weak staining for IL-4. Exogenous administration of either IL-4 or 10 caused prolongation of allograft rejection times. These findings suggest that in rat cardiac allografts intrinsic IL-10 functions to attenuate the rejection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Mulligan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
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McDuffie JE, Motley ED, Limbird LE, Maleque MA. 5-hydroxytryptamine stimulates phosphorylation of p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in bovine aortic endothelial cell cultures. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000; 35:398-402. [PMID: 10710124 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200003000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is sequestered and released by endothelial cells, acts as an endothelial cell mitogen, promotes the release of nitric oxide (NO), and has been associated with the p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. NO also acts as a cell mitogen and promotes signals that culminate in the phosphorylation of MAPK. The aim of this study was to test whether endothelial 5-HT receptors stimulate dual (tyrosyl- and threonyl-) phosphorylation of MAPK through a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 (MEK-1) and eNOS-dependent pathway in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs). As shown by Western blot analysis, 5-HT and the 5-HT1B-selective agonist 5-nonyloxytryptamine (5-NOT) stimulate time- and concentration-dependent (0.001-10 microM) phosphorylation of MAPK in these cells. The agonist-stimulated phosphorylation of MAPK was blocked by the 5-HT1b-receptor antagonist isamoltane (0.01-10 p3M) and the MEK-1 inhibitor PD 098059 ([2-(2'-amino-3'-methoxy-phenyl)-oxanaphthalen-4-one]; 0.01-10 microM¿. The eNOS inhibitor L-N(omega)-iminoethyl-L-ornithine (L-NIO; 0.01-10 microM) failed to block the 1 microM 5-NOT-stimulated responses. Our findings suggest that the 5-HT receptors (specifically 5-HT1B) mediate signals to MEK-1 and subsequently to MAPK through an eNOS-independent pathway in BAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E McDuffie
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
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McDuffie JE, Coaxum SD, Maleque MA. 5-hydroxytryptamine evokes endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation in bovine aortic endothelial cell cultures. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1999; 221:386-90. [PMID: 10460702 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-97.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) results in the production of nitric oxide (NO) that mediates the vasorelaxing properties of endothelial cells. The goal of this project was to address the possibility that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) stimulates eNOS activity in bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) cultures. Here, we tested the hypothesis that 5-HT receptors mediate eNOS activation by measuring agonist-stimulated [3H]L-citrulline ([3H]L-Cit) formation in BAEC cultures. We found that 5-HT stimulated the conversion of [3H]L-arginine ([3H]L-Arg) to [3H]L-Cit, indicating eNOS activation. The high affinity 5-HT1B receptor agonist, 5-nonyloxytryptamine (5-NOT)-stimulated [3H]L-Cit turnover responses were concentration-(0.01 nM to 100 microM) and time-dependent. Maximal responses were observed within 10 min following agonist exposures. These responses were effectively blocked by the 5-HT1B receptor antagonist, isamoltane, the 5-HT1B/5-HT2 receptor antagonist, methiothepin, and the eNOS selective antagonists (0.01-10 microM): L-Nomega -monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and L-N omega-iminoethyl-L-ornithine (L-NIO). Pretreatment of BAEC cultures with pertussis toxin (PTX; 1-100 ng/ml) for 16 hr resulted in significant inhibition of the agonist-stimulated eNOS activity, indicating the involvement of Gi proteins. These findings lend evidence of a 5-HT1B receptor/eNOS pathway, accounting in part for the activation of eNOS by 5-HT. Further investigation is needed to determine the role of other vascular 5-HT receptors in the stimulation of eNOS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E McDuffie
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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19
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Abstract
By searching the Expressed Sequence Tag database, a full-length cDNA for a novel human CC chemokine was cloned. This cDNA encoded a 94-amino-acid protein with a putative signal peptide of 26 amino acids. The deduced mature protein had the four conserved cysteine residues characteristic of CC chemokines and showed 44% identity with MIP-1beta and 40% identity with MIP-1alpha, RANTES, and MCP-4. mRNA for this chemokine was expressed constitutively in human heart and liver and with lesser but detectable levels in skeletal muscle, kidney, and small intestine. To investigate its biological activity, the protein was expressed in mammalian cells and purified by affinity chromatography. The recombinant protein demonstrated chemotactic activity in vitro for T cells and monocytes but not for neutrophils. The gene was mapped to chromosome 7q11.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Based on its structural identity with other CC chemokines and the chemotactic activity and chromosomal location of this chemokine, we designate this chemokine small inducible cytokine subfamily A, member 26 (SCYA26). This gene symbol has been approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Blotting, Northern
- Cell Line
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Chemokines, CC/genetics
- Chemokines, CC/pharmacology
- Chemotaxis/drug effects
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effects
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Monocytes/cytology
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Neutrophils/cytology
- Neutrophils/drug effects
- RNA/genetics
- RNA/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Guo
- Genomic Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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