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Uehara M, Gattacceca J, Quesnel Y, Lepaulard C, Lima EA, Manfredi M, Rochette P. A spinner magnetometer for large Apollo lunar samples. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:104502. [PMID: 29092488 DOI: 10.1063/1.5008905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We developed a spinner magnetometer to measure the natural remanent magnetization of large Apollo lunar rocks in the storage vault of the Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility (LSLF) of NASA. The magnetometer mainly consists of a commercially available three-axial fluxgate sensor and a hand-rotating sample table with an optical encoder recording the rotation angles. The distance between the sample and the sensor is adjustable according to the sample size and magnetization intensity. The sensor and the sample are placed in a two-layer mu-metal shield to measure the sample natural remanent magnetization. The magnetic signals are acquired together with the rotation angle to obtain stacking of the measured signals over multiple revolutions. The developed magnetometer has a sensitivity of 5 × 10-7 Am2 at the standard sensor-to-sample distance of 15 cm. This sensitivity is sufficient to measure the natural remanent magnetization of almost all the lunar basalt and breccia samples with mass above 10 g in the LSLF vault.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uehara
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - J Gattacceca
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Y Quesnel
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - C Lepaulard
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - E A Lima
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - P Rochette
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
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Aoudjehane HC, Avice G, Barrat JA, Boudouma O, Chen G, Duke MJM, Franchi IA, Gattacceca J, Grady MM, Greenwood RC, Herd CDK, Hewins R, Jambon A, Marty B, Rochette P, Smith CL, Sautter V, Verchovsky A, Weber P, Zanda B. Tissint Martian Meteorite: A Fresh Look at the Interior, Surface, and Atmosphere of Mars. Science 2012; 338:785-8. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1224514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Chennaoui Aoudjehane
- Hassan II University Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences, Géosciences Appliquées à l’Ingénierie et l’Aménagement (GAIA) Laboratory, BP 5366 Maârif, Casablanca Morocco
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Institut de la Terre de Paris (UMR 7193) 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris France
| | - G. Avice
- Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques-CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 15 rue Notre Dame des Pauvres, BP 20, F-54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - J.-A. Barrat
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale–Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, UMR 6538, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané Cedex, France
| | - O. Boudouma
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Institut de la Terre de Paris (UMR 7193) 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris France
| | - G. Chen
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - M. J. M. Duke
- SLOWPOKE Nuclear Reactor Facility, 1-20 University Hall, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2J9, Canada
| | - I. A. Franchi
- Planetary and Space Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - J. Gattacceca
- Centre Européen de Recherche et d’Enseignement des Géosciences de l’Environnement, CNRS Aix-Marseille University, BP80 13545 Aix en Provence, Cedex 4, France
| | - M. M. Grady
- Planetary and Space Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
- Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - R. C. Greenwood
- Planetary and Space Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - C. D. K. Herd
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - R. Hewins
- Laboratoire d'Etudes de la Matière Extraterrestre, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle and CNRS-UMS2679, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A. Jambon
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Institut de la Terre de Paris (UMR 7193) 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris France
| | - B. Marty
- Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques-CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 15 rue Notre Dame des Pauvres, BP 20, F-54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - P. Rochette
- Centre Européen de Recherche et d’Enseignement des Géosciences de l’Environnement, CNRS Aix-Marseille University, BP80 13545 Aix en Provence, Cedex 4, France
| | - C. L Smith
- Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD, UK
- ESA (European Space Agency) European Space Research and Technology Center, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
- UK Space Agency, ESA Harwell Centre, Atlas Building, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK
| | - V. Sautter
- Laboratoire d'Etudes de la Matière Extraterrestre, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle and CNRS-UMS2679, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A. Verchovsky
- Planetary and Space Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - P. Weber
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - B. Zanda
- Laboratoire d'Etudes de la Matière Extraterrestre, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle and CNRS-UMS2679, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
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Abstract
A short critical review is provided on two questions linking magnetism and possible early life on Mars: (1) Did Mars have an Earth-like internal magnetic field, and, if so, during which period and was it a requisite for life? (2) Is there a connection between iron minerals in the martian regolith and life? We also discuss the possible astrobiological implications of magnetic measurements at the surface of Mars using two proposed instruments. A magnetic remanence device based on magnetic field measurements can be used to identify Noachian age rocks and lightning impacts. A contact magnetic susceptibility probe can be used to investigate weathering rinds on martian rocks and identify meteorites among the small regolith rocks. Both materials are considered possible specific niches for microorganisms and, thus, potential astrobiological targets. Experimental results on analogues are presented to support the suitability of such in situ measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rochette
- CEREGE, CNRS/Universitá d'Aix Marseille 3, Aix en Provence, France.
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