1
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Murzabdillaeva A, Elzamly S, Brown R, Buryanek J, Jafri S, Rowe J. Prometastatic CXCR4 and Histone Methyltransferase EZH2 are Upregulated in SMARCB1/INI1-deficient and TP53-mutated Metastatic Poorly Differentiated Chordoma to the Liver. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Chordoma is a rare tumor most commonly arising in the sacrococcygeal region from notochord remnants. Usually, these tumors are locally invasive and recurrent, but do not have the capability to metastasize. A newly described aggressive variant called poorly differentiated chordoma is different than conventional chordoma in that it does not have the well-differentiated histologic appearance of conventional chordoma and also exhibits loss of SMARCB1/INI1.
Methods
Herein, we describe a case of poorly differentiated chordoma with SMARCB1/INI1 loss, concurrent TP53 mutation and Rb1 loss.
Results
The patient is a 55-year-old man with a history of a previously resected sacrococcygeal chordoma, who was found to have new hepatic, lung, and adrenal lesions. Biopsy of the liver showed sheets of malignant epithelioid cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, areas of necrosis, and up to 5 mitoses in one high power field. No physaliferous features or matrix material were seen. After an extensive panel of immunohistochemical markers, the origin of the metastatic tumor could not be determined and the tumor was only positive for Cam5.2, EMA, and CD56. Brachyury was performed due to the patient’s previous history and was positive. Genomic testing showed a SMARCB1 mutation, a TP53 mutation, and RB1 loss. Additional markers were performed and the tumor showed a Ki-67 proliferation index of approximately 80%, mutant p53 protein, loss of INI1, and strong expression of prometastatic CXCR4 and the histone methyltransferase EZH2. The most recent follow-up of the patient showed that the patient was receiving palliative care.
Conclusion
Poorly differentiated chordoma is a highly aggressive variant of chordoma with few cases reported. This case of SMARCB1/INI-deficient, poorly differentiated chordoma also showed concurrent TP53 mutation and loss of RB1, which resulted in malignant transformation with loss of differentiation, cell cycle progression, up-regulation of prometastatic CXCR4 and the histone methyltransferase EZH2 causing aggressive behavior and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Murzabdillaeva
- Pathology, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - S Elzamly
- Pathology, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - R Brown
- Pathology, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - J Buryanek
- Pathology, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - S Jafri
- Medical Oncology, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - J Rowe
- Medical Oncology, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, UNITED STATES
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2
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Abida W, Campbell D, Patnaik A, Sautois B, Shapiro J, Vogelzang N, Bryce A, McDermott R, Ricci F, Rowe J, Zhang J, Simmons A, Despain D, Dowson M, Golsorkhi T, Chowdhury S. Preliminary results from the TRITON2 study of rucaparib in patients (pts) with DNA damage repair (DDR)-deficient metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): Updated analyses. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz248.003 [internet]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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3
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Abida W, Campbell D, Patnaik A, Sautois B, Shapiro J, Vogelzang N, Bryce A, McDermott R, Ricci F, Rowe J, Zhang J, Simmons A, Despain D, Dowson M, Golsorkhi T, Chowdhury S. Preliminary results from the TRITON2 study of rucaparib in patients (pts) with DNA damage repair (DDR)-deficient metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): Updated analyses. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz248.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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4
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Rehkopf D, Furstenberg F, Rowe J. AGING ACROSS THE STATES. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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5
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Skandali N, Rowe J, Deakin J, Robbins T, Sahakian B. Serotonergic modulation of cognition; An acute challenge. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSerotonin is well known to affect the multifaceted construct of impulsivity. Lowering brain serotonin levels is shown to increase impulsive choice in delay-discounting tasks (1) but improves response inhibition in stop-signal paradigms. (2) Administration of the antidepressant citalopram in healthy people increases tendency to perform go choices in a Go/No-Go task independent of outcome valence (3). It is rather unclear thought how serotonergic neurotransmission affects several aspects of cognition. We administered a single dose of 20 mg escitalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, to 66 healthy participants, aged 18–45 years old, in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-groups study. Acute escitalopram administration had a beneficial effect on inhibitory control with reduced stop-signal reaction time observed in the treatment group. Participants made significantly more errors in a probabilistic learning task and had lower accuracy during the discrimination stage in an instrumental learning task thus indicating a learning impairment. More errors in the CANTAB intra-extra dimensional set shift task were also observed in the escitalopram-treated group. Our findings following acute administration of a clinically relevant dose of escitalopram show a dissociate role for serotonin in modulating cognition mediated by a potentially differential modulation of fronto-striatal loops.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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6
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Esser MR, Rowe J, Schapmire T, Lewis S. Abstract P4-17-01: YSC's "shady pink elephant” end of life series. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p4-17-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Young Survival Coalition (YSC) is the premier organization dedicated to the critical issues confronted by young women diagnosed with breast cancer.Young women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer (YWMBC) in particular, face unique concerns. As a result of a large survey to its metastatic constituency from September 2013 through February 2014, YSC gained important information about the lack of knowledge and education when it comes to end of life (EOL) planning and decisions. The survey was a result of YSC's Research Think Tank, which included a metastasis work group that identified the psychosocial needs of YWMBC as a priority.
Based on the results of this survey which showed 71% of YWMBC had not made EOL plans, YSC decided that offering education and tools regarding EOL was an important intervention to offer. In doing so, young women affected by breast cancer, young adult cancer survivors, co-survivors and healthcare providers will be better prepared to have difficult conversations by allowing stigma to be removed, intentions to be shared, and plans to be made, all to honor the young woman's wishes.
Methods
YSC created a three part end-of-life series called the “Shady Pink Elephant.” (hereinafter “Series”) Each part featured a subject matter expert and was offered as a Facebook event where the speaker was live-streamed and recorded. YSC also offered free continuing education credits for nurses and social workers. The recorded events are stored on YSC's YouTube channel as enduring material. The three parts include: (a) The Research and Benefit of Introducing Palliative Care Early; (b) Let's Have Dinner and Talk about Death; and (c) The “Nuts and Bolts” of End of Life Planning. YSC collaborated with the University of Louisville and received IRB approval to study the entire series as intervention. The study is in process and will conclude later in 2016.
Results
Nine participated in Series Part One of the live event. For Series Part Two, 31 participated in the live event. In the third and final part, 33 participated in the live event. The three parts housed on YSC's YouTube channel have been viewed a total of 747 times to date: 411 views for part one, 156 views for part two and 180 for part three. Thirty-three sought continuing education credit. Fourteen social workers and 5 nurses contacted the approving organization to receive continuing education credit for Series Part One, and 10 social workers and 1 nurse contacted the approving organization to receive continuing education credit for Series Part Three.
Conclusions
Live-streamed, recorded Facebook events are a novel and forward-thinking mode of programmatic offering. YSC learned through this process that live-streamed events are a feasible way to offer programming that reaches a larger and broader audience of young women affected by breast cancer and their loved ones.
Citation Format: Esser MR, Rowe J, Schapmire T, Lewis S. YSC's "shady pink elephant” end of life series [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-17-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- MR Esser
- Young Survival Coalition, New York, NY; University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - J Rowe
- Young Survival Coalition, New York, NY; University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - T Schapmire
- Young Survival Coalition, New York, NY; University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - S Lewis
- Young Survival Coalition, New York, NY; University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
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7
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Handler G, Pigulski A, Weiss WW, Moffat AFJ, Kuschnig R, Wade GA, Orleański G, Ruciński SM, Koudelka O, Smolec R, Zwintz K, Matthews JM, Popowicz A, Baade D, Neiner C, Pamyatnykh AA, Rowe J, Schwarzenberg-Czerny A. The BRITE-Constellation Nanosatellite Space Mission And Its First Scientific Results. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201716001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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8
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Joshi R, Connolly P, Foo T, Rowe J. 11P Hypomagnesaemia in the context of cetuximab/panitumumab and proton pump inhibitor therapy. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw573.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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9
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Joshi R, Connolly P, Foo T, Rowe J. 11P Hypomagnesaemia in the context of cetuximab/panitumumab and proton pump inhibitor therapy. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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10
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Milnes JP, Hill DN, Rowe J, Allen-Narker R, Brooks R, Desai HN, Dunn AM, Hewetson KA, Howard DJ, Misra KK, Wood GM. Why is there a lower prevalence of chronic immobility in geriatric departments with a high turnover of patients? Clin Rehabil 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/026921558700100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is little information available about the characteristics of patients admitted to geriatric units with high and low turnover rates of patients. It is often suggested that high turnover units do not admit the more physically disabled person. This study set out to investigate whether this view is true. Six geriatric units with different patient discharge rates were investigated. Those units with a high turnover of patients tend to admit more severely immobile people per bed, when compared to those units with below average throughput. Although these immobile people admitted to high turnover units suffered a higher mortality rate, a significantly greater proportion regained the ability to transfer themselves independently from bed to chair and to the toilet.
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Affiliation(s)
- JP Milnes
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - DN Hill
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - J. Rowe
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - Rac Allen-Narker
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - Rws Brooks
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - HN Desai
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - AM Dunn
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - KA Hewetson
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - DJ Howard
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - KK Misra
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
| | - GM Wood
- West Midlands Senior Registrar Training Scheme in Geriatric Medicine, Selly Oak Hospital, Birmingham
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11
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Abstract
Despite evidence that intensive rehabilitation speeds recovery from acute illness, several studies on British rehabilitation units have shown that the time spent by patients in therapeutic activities is low and that levels of 'engagement' are poor. We carried out an observational study of patient activity on four rehabilitation wards for the elderly (51 patients observed at half-hourly intervals between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. on five successive days). Patients were found to be engaged in therapeutically useful activities at only 17% of the observation points. When time spent in the therapy departments (where activities were not monitored) was excluded the proportion of useful activities fell to 11%. Similar patterns of activity were seen in all patient subgroups. An intervention scheme was therefore devised, whereby an hourly activities programme tailored to the needs of each patient was worked out by therapists and ward staff, to be supervised by nurses. One nurse also organized regular group activities. The intervention programme, which required no extra resources, was instituted on two of the four wards. A repeat survey conducted two months later showed a 55% increase in the proportion of time spent in useful activities on the two intervention wards but no change on the other two wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Ellul
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital PO Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - C. Watkins
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital
| | - N. Ferguson
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital
| | - D. Barer
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital
| | - J. Rowe
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool
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12
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Prajapati C, Watkins C, Cullen H, Orugun O, King D, Rowe J. The 'S' test - a preliminary study of an instrument for selecting the most appropriate mobility aid. Clin Rehabil 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/026921559601000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To develop and evaluate a qualitative and quantitative instrument for selecting the ideal mobility aid for those with mobility disorders. Setting: A district general hospital-based geriatric unit. Subjects: Elderly inpatients and outpatients with mobility disorders. Interventions: Structured assessments with different mobility aids to select the most suitable. Outcome measures: Safety, stance, stability, step/stride pattern and speed were considered. Results: The 'S' test successfully selected an aid for all 49 subjects. For most this aid offered marked improvement in qualitative and quantitative aspects of gait when compared with the subject's usual aid. Conclusions: The 'S' test is an effective tool for selecting mobility aids within an institutional setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Prajapati
- Departments of Physiotherapy and Medicine for the Elderly, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool
| | - C. Watkins
- Departments of Physiotherapy and Medicine for the Elderly, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool
| | - H. Cullen
- Departments of Physiotherapy and Medicine for the Elderly, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool
| | - O. Orugun
- Departments of Physiotherapy and Medicine for the Elderly, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool
| | - D. King
- Departments of Physiotherapy and Medicine for the Elderly, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool
| | - J. Rowe
- Departments of Physiotherapy and Medicine for the Elderly, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool — Moseley Hall Hospital, Birmingham B13 8JL, UK
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13
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He F, Sarrigiannis PG, Billings SA, Wei H, Rowe J, Romanowski C, Hoggard N, Hadjivassilliou M, Rao DG, Grünewald R, Khan A, Yianni J. Nonlinear interactions in the thalamocortical loop in essential tremor: A model-based frequency domain analysis. Neuroscience 2016; 324:377-89. [PMID: 26987955 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence to suggest that essential tremor has a central origin. Different structures appear to be part of the central tremorogenic network, including the motor cortex, the thalamus and the cerebellum. Some studies using electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) show linear association in the tremor frequency between the motor cortex and the contralateral tremor electromyography (EMG). Additionally, high thalamomuscular coherence is found with the use of thalamic local field potential (LFP) recordings and tremulous EMG in patients undergoing surgery for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Despite a well-established reciprocal anatomical connection between the thalamus and cortex, the functional association between the two structures during "tremor-on" periods remains elusive. Thalamic (Vim) LFPs, ipsilateral scalp EEG from the sensorimotor cortex and contralateral tremor arm EMG recordings were obtained from two patients with essential tremor who had undergone successful surgery for DBS. Coherence analysis shows a strong linear association between thalamic LFPs and contralateral tremor EMG, but the relationship between the EEG and the thalamus is much less clear. These measurements were then analyzed by constructing a novel parametric nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) model. This new approach uncovered two distinct and not overlapping frequency "channels" of communication between Vim thalamus and the ipsilateral motor cortex, defining robustly "tremor-on" versus "tremor-off" states. The associated estimated nonlinear time lags also showed non-overlapping values between the two states, with longer corticothalamic lags (exceeding 50ms) in the tremor active state, suggesting involvement of an indirect multisynaptic loop. The results reveal the importance of the nonlinear interactions between cortical and subcortical areas in the central motor network of essential tremor. This work is important because it demonstrates for the first time that in essential tremor the functional interrelationships between the cortex and thalamus should not be sought exclusively within individual frequencies but more importantly between cross-frequency nonlinear interactions. Should our results be successfully reproduced on a bigger cohort of patients with essential tremor, our approach could be used to create an on-demand closed-loop DBS device, able to automatically activate when the tremor is on.
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Affiliation(s)
- F He
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom.
| | - P G Sarrigiannis
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - S A Billings
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom.
| | - H Wei
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom.
| | - J Rowe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - C Romanowski
- Department of Radiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - N Hoggard
- Department of Radiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - M Hadjivassilliou
- Department of Neurology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - D G Rao
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - R Grünewald
- Department of Neurology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - A Khan
- Department of Neurology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
| | - J Yianni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom.
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Mahoney DF, Burleson W, Rowe J, Mahoney EL. Accuracy and stability testing of a 'smart dresser' for persons with dementia. Gerontechnology 2016; 15:88s. [PMID: 28050165 PMCID: PMC5199139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D F Mahoney
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, USA
| | - W Burleson
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, USA
| | - J Rowe
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, USA
| | - E L Mahoney
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, USA
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15
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Chaal S, Rowe J, Scotton W. Case study of pathologically proven progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) presenting with prominent chorea. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Rowe J, Esser M, McCann M, Lewis S, Merschdorf J. PO82 Surveying young women with metastatic breast cancer (YWMBC) to create interventions with impact. Breast 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(14)70092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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17
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McCann M, Rowe J, Esser M, Merschdorf J, Lewis S. PO75 Connecting young women: face to face support networks. Breast 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(14)70085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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18
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McCann M, Rowe J, Esser M, Merschdorf J, Lewis S. OR68 Meeting the diverse but unique needs of young women diagnosed with breast cancer: a toolkit approach. Breast 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(14)70078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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19
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Mason S, Zhang J, Rowe J, Barker R, Hampshire A. E24 Frontostriatal Abnormalities In Huntington's Disease: An Fmri Study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309032.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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20
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Slattery C, Beck J, Harper L, Adamson G, Abdi Z, Uphill J, Campbell T, Druyeh R, Mahoney C, Rohrer J, Kenny J, Lowe J, Leung K, Barnes J, Clegg S, Blair M, Nicholas J, Guerreiro R, Rowe J, Ponto C, Zerr I, Kretzschmar H, Gambetti P, Crutch S, Warren J, Rossor M, Fox N, Collinge J, Schott J, Mead S. TREM2 VARIANTS INCREASE RISK OF TYPICAL EARLY-ONSET ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BUT NOT OF PRION OR FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-308883.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Lewis S, Esser M, McCann M, Rowe J, Singh N. OR77 Young and metastatic: addressing the unique needs of advanced breast cancer in young women. Breast 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(12)70084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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22
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Esser M, Lewis S, McCann M, Rowe J, Singh N. PO79 A novel strategy to equip health care providers serving young breast cancer patients. Breast 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(12)70086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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23
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Rowe J, Lewis S, Esser M, McCann M, Singh N. PO80 Addressing the unique psychosocial needs of young women with breast cancer post-treatment. Breast 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(12)70087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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24
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McColgan P, Evans J, Breen DP, Mason SL, Ghosh B, Rittman T, Rowe J, Nestor P, Barker RA, Williams-Gray CH. 1154 The utility of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Rosenblatt J, Stone R, Avivi I, Uhl L, Neuberg D, Joyce R, Tzachanis D, Levine J, Boussiotis V, Zwicker J, Arnason J, Luptakova K, Steesma D, DeAngelo D, Galinsky I, Vasir B, Somaiya P, Mills H, Yuan E, Bonhoff J, Delaney C, Drummy N, Nicholson L, Stroopinsky D, Held V, Katz T, Rowe J, Kufe D, Avigan D. Clinical Trial Evaluating DC/AML Fusion Cell Vaccination Alone and in Conjunction with PD-1 Blockade in AML Patients Who Achieve a Chemotherapy-Induced Remission. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.12.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rowe J. Great expectations: a systematic review of the literature on the role of family carers in severe mental illness, and their relationships and engagement with professionals. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2012; 19:70-82. [PMID: 22070436 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01756.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As community care has become embedded in the U.K. as in much of the western world more responsibility for psychosocial care has been placed on family carers. A systematic review of the literature about the role of family carers supporting a relative with severe mental illness and their relationships and engagement with professionals was carried out. The review aimed to find out what professionals expected of family carers and what family carers expected of themselves. Themes were identified: the distinct and personal nature of family caring, potentially effective family caring, barriers to effective caring and ways to overcome barriers. There were expectations that family carers were obligated to help support effective care, but that the rights to enable carers to fulfil these obligations were not consistently upheld. Barriers to upholding rights include: types of service provision, professional attitudes to communication and engagement with carers, and carer ability to cope. Recommendations for practice included: service provision aimed at including carers, more empathic communication by professionals, and a covenant between mental health services and people who depend on them. The idea of a covenant requires more discussion and research is needed into what is expected of family carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rowe
- The Open University, Health and Social Care, Horlock, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, Bucks, UK.
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Murphy B, Hillman C, Castillo D, Vapniarsky N, Rowe J. The presence or absence of the gamma-activated site determines IFN gamma-mediated transcriptional activation in CAEV promoters cloned from the mammary gland and joint synovium of a single CAEV-infected goat. Virus Res 2011; 163:537-45. [PMID: 22178805 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) long terminal repeat promoter was cloned and sequenced from mammary gland and carpal joint synovium isolated from a 15.5 year old, CAEV-infected Toggenburg doe with chronic mastitis and carpal arthritis. A deletion of the CAEV gamma activated site (GAS) was identified in the mammary gland but not the synovial isolate. Subsequent promoter-reporter gene construct experiments indicated that the GAS is necessary for interferon γ-mediated promoter activation. Utilizing a molecular clone of the classic isolate CAEV-CO, these findings were corroborated by a set of GAS mutant promoter-reporter constructs with and without the CAEV GAS. Results of experiments with U937 monocyte cell lines stably transfected with molecular clones of CAEV-CO GAS deletion mutants also indicated the GAS is necessary for IFNγ-mediated promoter activation. The mammary gland CAE viral isolate was propagated in caprine peripheral blood mononuclear cells and was assigned the name CAEV-MA. This is the first report describing two CAE viral isolates cloned from different anatomical locations in the same animal with and without the CAEV GAS, and is the first report detailing cytokine-induced CAEV promoter function in a naturally occurring ΔGAS promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Murphy
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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28
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Ewbank M, Henson R, Rowe J, Calder A. Different neural mechanisms underlie repetition suppression to facial identity for same-size and different-size faces in the occipitotemporal lobe. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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29
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Romanowski C, Hutton M, Rowe J, Yianni J, Warren D, Bigley J, Wilkinson I. The Anatomy of the Medial Lemniscus within the Brainstem Demonstrated at 3 Tesla with High Resolution Fat Suppressed T1-Weighted Images and Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Neuroradiol J 2011; 24:171-6. [DOI: 10.1177/197140091102400202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial lemniscus is part of the main somatosensory pathways ascending within the brainstem. It is formed by the heavily myelinated axons of the second order neurones of the dorsal column nuclei. This pathway ascends through the rostral medulla, pons and mesencephalon to finally terminate by synapsing with third order neurones in the ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus. The medial lemniscus conveys proprioception and fine tactile discrimination as part of the somatosensory system. Conventional MRI studies of the brainstem have been relatively poor in demonstrating these fibre pathways. Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography may demostrated fibre pathways in the brainstem. These techniques do however suffer from relatively poor spatial resolution and some degree of image distortion – especially if based on echo planar imaging techniques. Knowledge of the anatomical relationships of the medial lemniscus is important for the understanding of clinical manifestations of disease processes affecting the somatosensory pathways and also to demonstrate important adjacent structures. Specifically, the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) lies in close anatomical relationship to the medial lemniscus and the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle. This nucleus is a promising target for deep brain stimulator placement for alleviation of non-dopamine responsive dystonias. Six healthy male volunteers (mean age 33 years) were imaged at 3 Tesla. Imaging protocols consisted of thin section, high resolution, fat suppressed T1-weighted sequences as well as thin section, high isotropic resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which was analysed to generate colour fractional anisotropy (FA) maps. These were correlated with the fat suppressed T1 weighted images. In all volunteers the medial lemniscus was seen as a pair of bands of low signal on axial, high resolution, fat suppressed T1-weighted images. They were indentified through the upper medulla, pons and mesencephalon. They correlated well with the head to foot orientated fibres on the colour FA maps generated from the DTI data. This study of normal volunteers has illustrated the value of high resolution, fat suppressed T1-weighted images in demonstrating the anatomy of the heavily myelinated medial lemniscus within the brainstem. These high resolution images with good spatial accuracy can potentially be used to aid the localisation of other nuclei, such as the PPN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Hutton
- Academic Unit of Radiology, Department of Human Metabolism, University of Sheffield
| | - J. Rowe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield
| | - J. Yianni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield
| | - D. Warren
- Department of Neuroradiology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield
| | - J. Bigley
- Academic Unit of Radiology, Department of Human Metabolism, University of Sheffield
| | - I.D. Wilkinson
- Academic Unit of Radiology, Department of Human Metabolism, University of Sheffield
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Carlin JD, Thompson R, Kriegeskorte N, Rowe J, Calder AJ. Response patterns in human Superior Temporal Sulcus discriminate the direction of observed head turns. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Murphy B, McElliott V, Vapniarsky N, Oliver A, Rowe J. Tissue tropism and promoter sequence variation in caprine arthritis encephalitis virus infected goats. Virus Res 2010; 151:177-84. [PMID: 20466024 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is a lentivirus that infects goats and is closely related to maedi-visna virus of sheep. Infection with CAEV results in multiple discrete disease manifestations in goats which can include chronic arthritis, mastitis, pneumonia or encephalomyelitis. Presently, no satisfactory mechanistic rationale for viral tropism has been put forward. We propose that specific sequences in the lentiviral promoter (U3 region of the viral long terminal repeat) are associated with viral tissue tropism and subsequent disease expression. A total of 41 distinct CAE viral promoter regions were amplified, sequenced and phylogenetically compared from the tissues of 24 CAEV-infected goats demonstrating a variety of disease manifestations. Phylogenetically, we identified no tendency for clustering of these promoter sequences into tissue-specific groups. These results therefore do not provide evidence for the study hypothesis. However, multiple motifs within the U3 promoter region were highly conserved both within the entire collection of sequences and within tissue-specific groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
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Berry E, Hampshire A, Rowe J, Hodges S, Kapur N, Watson P, Browne G, Smyth G, Wood K, Owen AM. The neural basis of effective memory therapy in a patient with limbic encephalitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80:1202-5. [PMID: 19286742 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.164251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An fMRI study is described in which a postencephalitic woman with amnesia used a wearable camera which takes photographs passively, without user intervention, to record and review recent autobiographical events. "SenseCam" generates hundreds of images which can subsequently be reviewed quickly or one by one. RESULTS Memory for a significant event was improved substantially when tested after 4.5 weeks, if the patient viewed SenseCam images of the event every 2 days for 3 weeks. In contrast, after only 3.5 weeks, her memory was at chance levels for a similarly significant event which was reviewed equally often, but using a written diary. During the fMRI scan, the patient viewed images of these two events, plus images of an unrehearsed event and images from a novel "control" event that she had never experienced. There was no difference in behavioural responses or in activation when the unrehearsed and novel conditions were compared. Relative to the written-rehearsed condition, successful recognition of the images in the SenseCam-rehearsed condition was associated with activation of frontal and posterior cortical regions associated with normal episodic memory. CONCLUSION SenseCam images may provide powerful cues that trigger the recall and consolidation of stored but inaccessible memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Berry
- Microsoft Research Cambridge, 7 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FB, UK.
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Evans DGR, Baser ME, O'Reilly B, Rowe J, Gleeson M, Saeed S, King A, Huson SM, Kerr R, Thomas N, Irving R, MacFarlane R, Ferner R, McLeod R, Moffat D, Ramsden R. Management of the patient and family with neurofibromatosis 2: a consensus conference statement. Br J Neurosurg 2009; 19:5-12. [PMID: 16147576 DOI: 10.1080/02688690500081206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A consensus conference on neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) was held in 2002 at the request of the United Kingdom (UK) Neurofibromatosis Association, with particular emphasis on vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. NF2 patients should be managed at specialty treatment centres, whose staff has extensive experience with the disease. All NF2 patients and their families should have access to genetic testing because presymptomatic diagnosis improves the clinical management of the disease. Some clinical manifestations of NF2, such as ocular abnormalities, can be detected in infancy; therefore, clinical screening for at-risk members of NF2 families can start at birth, with the first magnetic resonance (MRI) scan at 10-12 years of age. Minimal interference, maintenance of quality of life, and conservation of function or auditory rehabilitation are the cornerstones of NF2 management, and the decision points to achieve these goals for patients with different clinical presentations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G R Evans
- Department of Medical Genetics, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK.
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Rowe J, Greenblatt R, Liu D, Moffat J. Compounds that Target Host Cell Enzymes Prevent Varicella-zoster Virus Replication In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and in SCID-hu Mice. Antiviral Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Avigan D, Rosenblatt J, Vasir B, Wu Z, Bissonnette A, Somaiya P, MacNamara C, Uhl L, Avivi I, Katz T, Zarwan C, Joyce R, Levine J, Lowe K, Dombagoda D, Tzachanis D, Boussiotis V, Giallombardo N, Mortellite J, Conway K, Fitzgerald D, Richardson P, Anderson K, Munshi N, Rowe J, Tsumer M, Bishart L, Kufe D. Fusion Cell Vaccination In Conjunction With Stem Cell Transplantation Is Well Tolerated, Induces Anti-Tumor Immunity and Is Associated With Responses In Patients With Multiple Myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.12.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Roller S, Cui D, Laspina C, Miller-Stein C, Rowe J, Wong B, Prueksaritanont T. Preclinical pharmacokinetics of MK-0974, an orally active calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP)-receptor antagonist, mechanism of dose dependency and species differences. Xenobiotica 2009; 39:33-45. [DOI: 10.1080/00498250802546861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Ni J, Rowe J, Heidelbaugh T, Sinha S, Acheampong A. Characterization of benzimidazole and other oxidative and conjugative metabolites of brimonidinein vitroand in ratsin vivousing on-line H/D exchange LC-MS/MS and stable-isotope tracer techniques. Xenobiotica 2008; 37:205-20. [PMID: 17484522 DOI: 10.1080/00498250601047897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of brimonidine metabolites presents some challenges since brimonidine and its metabolites generate few structurally informative fragment ions in the LC-MS/MS spectra. The objective of the current study is to use on-line hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange LC-MS/MS and stable-isotope tracer techniques to further characterize unknown brimonidine metabolites in vitro and in vivo. Brimonidine and D4-brimonidine were co-incubated in rat and human microsomes and rabbit aldehyde oxidase in vitro. In addition, the urine was collected from rats co-administered orally with brimonidine and D4-brimonidine. The hepatic microsomal and urinary metabolites were then characterized by H/D LC-MS/MS system. In addition to previously characterized 2-oxobrimonidine, 3-oxobrimonidine and 2,3-dioxobrimonidine, the results show that oxidation occurs at quinoxaline ring producing oxo-hydroxybrimonidine and hydroxyquinoxaline metabolites. The hydroxyquinoxaline metabolite was only observed in microsomal incubations with hydroxylation at the 7- or 8- position. The dehydro-hydroxybrimonidine metabolites were characterized as 2-oxo or 3-oxo -4', 5'-dehydrobrimonidine. A novel metabolite ((4-bromo-lH-benzoimidazol-5-yl)-imidazolidin-2-ylidene-amine) of benzimidazole derivative of brimonidine in rats in vivo was identified and confirmed with reference standard. In conclusion, on-line H/D exchange LC-MS/MS and stable-isotope tracer techniques are useful for the characterization of brimonidine metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ni
- Department of Drug Safety Evaluation, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Dr., Irvine, CA 92612, USA.
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38
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Seeho S, Park J, Rowe J, Morris J, Gallery E. Villous explant culture using early gestation tissue from ongoing pregnancies with known normal outcomes: the effect of oxygen on trophoblast outgrowth and migration. Hum Reprod 2008; 23:1170-9. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration is associated with generalised dystonia and cognitive deterioration. Limited evidence suggests that pallidal deep brain stimulation improves physical functioning. This is a report of the assessment and treatment of a severely affected patient in whom pallidal deep brain stimulation improved both physical and psychosocial functioning. Implications for treatment are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Isaac
- Clinical Neuropsychology Services, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
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Rowe J, Hughes L, Eckstein D, Owen AM. Rule-selection and action-selection have a shared neuroanatomical basis in the human prefrontal and parietal cortex. Cereb Cortex 2008; 18:2275-85. [PMID: 18234684 PMCID: PMC2536699 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhm249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human capacity for voluntary action is one of the major contributors to our success as a species. In addition to choosing actions themselves, we can also voluntarily choose behavioral codes or sets of rules that can guide future responses to events. Such rules have been proposed to be superordinate to actions in a cognitive hierarchy and mediated by distinct brain regions. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to study novel tasks of rule-based and voluntary action. We show that the voluntary selection of rules to govern future responses to events is associated with activation of similar regions of prefrontal and parietal cortex as the voluntary selection of an action itself. The results are discussed in terms of hierarchical models and the adaptive coding potential of prefrontal neurons and their contribution to a global workspace for nonautomatic tasks. These tasks include the choices we make about our behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
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Titova E, Ostrowski RP, Rowe J, Chen W, Zhang JH, Tang J. Effects of superoxide dismutase and catalase derivates on intracerebral hemorrhage-induced brain injury in rats. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2008; 105:33-35. [PMID: 19066078 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-09469-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The use of exogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) has been previously evaluated against various reactive oxygen species-mediated brain injuries, especially those associated with ischemia/ reperfusion. In this study, we investigated effects of these enzymatic antioxidants on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury. A total of 65 male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-380 g) were divided into a sham group, an untreated ICH group, 3 groups of ICH rats treated with lecithinized SOD (PC-SOD) at doses of 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg, and a group treated with polyethylene glycol conjugated CAT (PEG-CAT) at a dose of 10,000 U/kg. An additional group of ICH rats received a combination of PC-SOD (1 mg/kg) and PEG-CAT (10,000 U/kg). ICH was induced by collagenase injection. All drugs were administered intravenously immediately after ICH induction. Brain injury was evaluated by scoring neurological function and measuring brain edema at 24 h after ICH induction. Our results demonstrated that ICH caused significant neurological deficit associated with remarkable brain edema. Treatment with PC-SOD, PEG-CAT, or PC-SOD in combination with PEG-CAT did not reduce brain edema or neurological deficit after ICH. We conclude that intravenously administered PC-SOD and/or PEG-CAT do not reduce brain injury in the collagenase-induced ICH rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Titova
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Campbell S, Park JH, Rowe J, Seeho SKM, Morris JM, Gallery EDM. Chorionic Villus Sampling as a Source of Trophoblasts. Placenta 2007; 28:1118-22. [PMID: 17825406 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2007.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2007] [Revised: 07/20/2007] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unlike trophoblasts obtained from pregnancy termination material, trophoblasts grown from explanted chorionic villus samples (CVS) from 11-14 weeks of gestation potentially enable investigation of pre-eclampsia and other pregnancy disorders as the pregnancy outcome will later be known. CVS surplus to diagnostic needs were cultured as explants on either Matrigel or gelatin and the outgrowing cells characterised. Cell morphology was examined and the cells were stained for cytokeratin-7 and HLA-G. Outgrowing trophoblasts co-stained strongly for HLA-G and cytokeratin-7. While outgrowths on Matrigel grew faster and were 100% positive for cytokeratin-7, they proved to be embedded in the matrix and difficult to passage. Outgrowths on gelatin could be released by trypsinisation and were subcultured and further characterised before and after freezing. These cells should prove a valuable resource for the examination of disorders of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Campbell
- Perinatal Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
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Turner SW, Heaton T, Rowe J, Suriyaarachchi D, Serralha M, Holt BJ, Franklin PJ, Stick SM, Goldblatt J, Sly PD, le Souëf PN, Holt PG. Early-onset atopy is associated with enhanced lymphocyte cytokine responses in 11-year-old children. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 37:371-80. [PMID: 17359387 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early age at onset of atopy is associated with more severe asthma and increased airway responsiveness (AR); the underlying mechanism is unclear but may involve T cell responses. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that enhanced T cell responses may be associated with early-onset atopy. METHODS In a longitudinal study, atopy was determined in infancy and at 6 and 11 years of age. Individuals were categorized as persistent infant-onset atopy (PIOA), early childhood-onset atopy (ECOA) and later childhood-onset atopy (LCOA). At 11 years of age, peripheral blood T cell cytokine responses, AR, exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s were determined. RESULTS The age at onset of atopy was determined for 60 children, of whom 15 had PIOA, 24 had ECOA and 21 had LCOA. An additional 76 children who were never atopic were also included. T cell responses to house dust mite, including interleukin-5, -9, -10 and tumour necrosis factor alpha, were higher among children with PIA and ECOA, and lower in children with LCOA, P<0.05. In contrast, those children with LCOA or who were not atopic had the highest IL-10 response to PHA (P=0.014). Children with PIOA and ECOA, but not LCOA, had higher AR and FE(NO) compared with non-atopic children (P<0.05). The group with PIOA were more likely among the atopic children to be admitted to hospital for asthma (P<0.05) and also had lower %FEV(1) compared with non-atopic children (P=0.023). CONCLUSIONS Early age at sensitization is associated with enhanced T cell cytokine responses and indices of adverse asthma outcome. T cell cytokine responses might be programmed at the time of initial atopic sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Turner
- School of Child Health and Paediatrics, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Epelbaum R, Dann E, Drumea K, Haim N, Ben-Shahar M, Faraggi D, Rowe J. Short high-dose CHOP chemotherapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.6596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Epelbaum
- Rambam Medcl Ctr, Haifa, Israel; Haifa Univ, Haifa, Israel
| | - E. Dann
- Rambam Medcl Ctr, Haifa, Israel; Haifa Univ, Haifa, Israel
| | - K. Drumea
- Rambam Medcl Ctr, Haifa, Israel; Haifa Univ, Haifa, Israel
| | - N. Haim
- Rambam Medcl Ctr, Haifa, Israel; Haifa Univ, Haifa, Israel
| | - M. Ben-Shahar
- Rambam Medcl Ctr, Haifa, Israel; Haifa Univ, Haifa, Israel
| | - D. Faraggi
- Rambam Medcl Ctr, Haifa, Israel; Haifa Univ, Haifa, Israel
| | - J. Rowe
- Rambam Medcl Ctr, Haifa, Israel; Haifa Univ, Haifa, Israel
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Rowe J, Poolman JT, Macaubas C, Sly PD, Loh R, Holt PG. Enhancement of vaccine-specific cellular immunity in infants by passively acquired maternal antibody. Vaccine 2005; 22:3986-92. [PMID: 15364448 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2003] [Revised: 03/02/2004] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The known protective effects of passively acquired maternal antibody on the resistance of newborns to infections have prompted widespread interest in maternal vaccination. However, a range of animal model and human studies indicate potential inhibitory effects of maternal antibody on vaccine-specific humoral responses in infants. In the present study we have examined the relationship between maternally acquired TT-specific IgG present before DTaP vaccination and subsequent TT-specific T-cell memory responses at 12 and 18 months, in a cohort of 118 infants. We demonstrate a strong positive association between TT-specific cellular immunity as evidenced by increased IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 responses, and maternal TT-specific IgG.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rowe
- The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia
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Heaton T, Rowe J, Turner S, Aalberse RC, de Klerk N, Suriyaarachchi D, Serralha M, Holt BJ, Hollams E, Yerkovich S, Holt K, Sly PD, Goldblatt J, Le Souef P, Holt PG. An immunoepidemiological approach to asthma: identification of in-vitro T-cell response patterns associated with different wheezing phenotypes in children. Lancet 2005; 365:142-9. [PMID: 15639296 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)17704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that patterns of T-cell immunity to inhalant allergens in genetically diverse human populations are more heterogeneous than previously assumed, and that covert differences in expression patterns might underlie variations in airway disease phenotypes. We tested this proposition in a community sample of children. METHODS We analysed data from 172 individuals who had been recruited antenatally to a longitudinal birth cohort study. Of the 194 birth cohort participants, data from the 147 probands (age range 8.6-13.5 years) who consented to blood collection were included along with data from 25 consenting siblings (mean age 11 years [range 7.4-17.4]). We ascertained clinical phenotypes related to asthma and allergy. We measured T-cell responses to allergens and mitogens, together with blood eosinophils and IgE/IgG antibodies, and assessed associations between these indices and clinical phenotypes. FINDINGS Atopy was associated with allergen-specific T-helper (Th)2 responses dominated by interleukin 4, interleukin 5, interleukin 9, interleukin 13, whereas interleukin 10, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma responses were common to both atopics and non-atopics. The wheal size from skin prick with allergen was positively associated with in-vitro interleukin 5 and interferon gamma responses, and negatively associated with interleukin 10. Asthma, especially in atopics, was strongly associated with eosinophilia/interleukin 5, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) was associated with eosinophilia plus polyclonal interferon gamma production. BHR in non-atopics was associated with elevated allergen-specific and polyclonal interleukin 10 production. INTERPRETATION Parallel immunological and clinical profiling of children identified distinctive immune response patterns related to asthma and wheeze compared with BHR, in atopics non-atopics. Immunological hyper-responsiveness, including within the Th1 cytokine compartment, is identified as a hallmark of BHR. RELEVANCE TO PRACTICE These findings highlight the heterogeneity of immune response patterns in asthmatic children, including those with seemingly homogeneous Th2-driven atopic asthma. Further elucidation of the covert relationships between wheezing phenotypes and underlying immunophenotypes in this age group will potentially lead to more effective treatments for what is an unexpectedly heterogeneous collection of disease subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Heaton
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Fleming K, Rowe J, Loescher A. A retrospective study to determine the outcome of gamma knife radiosurgery in trigeminal neuralgia. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0901-5027(05)80997-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Disturbed cell-cell communication between trophoblasts and the maternal endothelium may be responsible for the deficient endovascular invasion seen in preeclampsia. In vitro studies have been hampered by lack of suitable models to directly examine interactions between these cell types. Using a bilayer coculture model, we examined the effect of decidual endothelial cells on matrix metalloproteinase secretion and the migration of cytotrophoblasts from preeclamptic pregnancies. Cells were incubated on semipermeable membranes in 20% or 2% O(2) with or without the tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which activates matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in endothelial cells. Cytotrophoblasts from preeclamptic pregnancies secreted significantly less matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 than their normal counterparts. Although decidual endothelial cells downregulated cytotrophoblast migration in normal pregnancy, this was not observed in cocultures with cytotrophoblasts from preeclamptic pregnancies. In addition, cytotrophoblasts from preeclamptic pregnancies altered phorbol myristate acetate-induced activation of endothelial matrix metalloproteinases. Hypoxia increased cytotrophoblast migration when cells were incubated alone but not in coculture with decidual endothelial cells due to increased adhesion between the two cell types. These results suggest dysfunctional interactive regulation of migration and matrix metalloproteinase secretion in preeclampsia that could result in abnormal endovascular trophoblast invasion of the maternal vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Campbell
- Perinatal Research Group, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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Kishore VK, Velasco P, Shintani DK, Rowe J, Rosato C, Adair N, Slabaugh MB, Knapp SJ. Conserved simple sequence repeats for the Limnanthaceae (Brassicales). Theor Appl Genet 2004; 108:450-457. [PMID: 14647896 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-003-1447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2002] [Accepted: 08/20/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Limnanthaceae (Order Brassicales) is a family of 18 taxa of Limnanthes (meadowfoam) native to California, Oregon, and British Columbia. Cultivated meadowfoam ( L. alba Benth.), a recently domesticated plant, has been the focus of research and development as an industrial oilseed for three decades. The goal of the present research was to develop several hundred simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for genetic mapping, molecular breeding, and genomics research in wild and cultivated meadowfoam taxa. We developed 389 SSR markers for cultivated meadowfoam by isolating and sequencing 1,596 clones from L. alba genomic DNA libraries enriched for AG(n) or AC(n) repeats, identifying one or more unique SSRs in 696 clone sequences, and designing and testing primers for 624 unique SSRs. The SSR markers were screened for cross- taxa utility and polymorphisms among ten of 17 taxa in the Limnanthaceae; 373 of these markers were polymorphic and 106 amplified loci from every taxon. Cross-taxa amplification percentages ranged from 37.3% in L. douglasii ssp. rosea (145/389) to 85.6% in L. montana (333/389). The SSR markers amplified 4,160 unique bands from 14 genotypes sampled from ten taxa (10.7 unique bands per SSR marker), of which 972 were genotype-specific. Mean and maximum haplotype heterozygosities were 0.71 and 0.90, respectively, among six L. alba genotypes and 0.63 and 0.93, respectively, among 14 genotypes (ten taxa). The SSR markers supply a critical mass of high-throughput DNA markers for biological and agricultural research across the Limnanthaceae and open the way to the development of a genetic linkage map for meadowfoam ( x = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Kishore
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Abstract
There is growing interest in the potential interactions between infant vaccination and risk for development of atopic disease. The aspect of this issue which has dominated this debate concerns suggestions that infant vaccination may stimulate allergic sensitisation. These suggestions derive from retrospective epidemiological analyses and will remain speculative unless they can be confirmed in prospective studies, particularly as conflicting findings have been reported. However, there is a potentially more important issue surfacing in this debate, which entails the converse situation, i.e. that genetic risk for atopy influences capacity to respond to vaccination during infancy. Support for the latter possibility comes from recent studies on the role of developmental factors which determine immune competence during infancy, and attendant risk for inflammatory and infectious diseases. The relevant findings are reviewed briefly below.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Holt
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, and Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, P.O. Box 855, Perth,WA 6872, Australia.
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