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Tzompa-Sosa ZA, Henderson BH, Keller CA, Travis K, Mahieu E, Franco B, Estes M, Helmig D, Fried A, Richter D, Weibring P, Walega J, Blake DR, Hannigan JW, Ortega I, Conway S, Strong K, Fischer EV. Atmospheric implications of large C 2-C 5 alkane emissions from the U.S. oil and gas industry. J Geophys Res Atmos 2019; 124:1148-1169. [PMID: 32832312 PMCID: PMC7433792 DOI: 10.1029/2018jd028955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of C2-C5 alkanes from the U.S. oil and gas sector have changed rapidly over the last decade. We use a nested GEOS-Chem simulation driven by updated 2011NEI emissions with aircraft, surface and column observations to 1) examine spatial patterns in the emissions and observed atmospheric abundances of C2-C5 alkanes over the U.S., and 2) estimate the contribution of emissions from the U.S. oil and gas industry to these patterns. The oil and gas sector in the updated 2011NEI contributes over 80% of the total U.S. emissions of ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8), and emissions of these species are largest in the central U.S. Observed mixing ratios of C2-C5 alkanes show enhancements over the central U.S. below 2 km. A nested GEOS-Chem simulation underpredicts observed C3H8 mixing ratios in the boundary layer over several U.S. regions and the relative underprediction is not consistent, suggesting C3H8 emissions should receive more attention moving forward. Our decision to consider only C4-C5 alkane emissions as a single lumped species produces a geographic distribution similar to observations. Due to the increasing importance of oil and gas emissions in the U.S., we recommend continued support of existing long-term measurements of C2-C5 alkanes. We suggest additional monitoring of C2-C5 alkanes downwind of northeastern Colorado, Wyoming and western North Dakota to capture changes in these regions. The atmospheric chemistry modeling community should also evaluate whether chemical mechanisms that lump larger alkanes are sufficient to understand air quality issues in regions with large emissions of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Tzompa-Sosa
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
| | - B H Henderson
- Air Quality Modeling Group, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA
| | - C A Keller
- Universities Space Research Association / GESTAR, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Maryland, USA
- Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - K Travis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - E Mahieu
- Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, Quartier Agora, Liège, Belgium
| | - B Franco
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Atmospheric Spectroscopy, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Estes
- Air Modeling and Data Analysis Section, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Texas, USA
| | - D Helmig
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - A Fried
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - D Richter
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Weibring
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J Walega
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - D R Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J W Hannigan
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - I Ortega
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - S Conway
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Strong
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - E V Fischer
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
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Mahieu E, Chipperfield MP, Notholt J, Reddmann T, Anderson J, Bernath PF, Blumenstock T, Coffey MT, Dhomse SS, Feng W, Franco B, Froidevaux L, Griffith DWT, Hannigan JW, Hase F, Hossaini R, Jones NB, Morino I, Murata I, Nakajima H, Palm M, Paton-Walsh C, III JMR, Schneider M, Servais C, Smale D, Walker KA. Recent Northern Hemisphere stratospheric HCl increase due to atmospheric circulation changes. Nature 2014; 515:104-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nature13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Paulot F, Wunch D, Crounse JD, Toon GC, Millet DB, DeCarlo PF, Vigouroux C, Deutscher NM, González Abad G, Notholt J, Warneke T, Hannigan JW, Warneke C, de Gouw JA, Dunlea EJ, De Mazière M, Griffith DWT, Bernath P, Jimenez JL, Wennberg PO. Importance of secondary sources in the atmospheric budgets of formic and acetic acids. Atmos Chem Phys 2011; 11:1989-2013. [PMID: 33758586 PMCID: PMC7983864 DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-1989-2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed budget of formic and acetic acids, two of the most abundant trace gases in the atmosphere. Our bottom-up estimate of the global source of formic and acetic acids are ∼1200 and ∼1400Gmolyr-1, dominated by photochemical oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds, in particular isoprene. Their sinks are dominated by wet and dry deposition. We use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to evaluate this budget against an extensive suite of measurements from ground, ship and satellite-based Fourier transform spectrometers, as well as from several aircraft campaigns over North America. The model captures the seasonality of formic and acetic acids well but generally underestimates their concentration, particularly in the Northern midlatitudes. We infer that the source of both carboxylic acids may be up to 50% greater than our estimate and report evidence for a long-lived missing secondary source of carboxylic acids that may be associated with the aging of organic aerosols. Vertical profiles of formic acid in the upper troposphere support a negative temperature dependence of the reaction between formic acid and the hydroxyl radical as suggested by several theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Paulot
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - D. Wunch
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - J. D. Crounse
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - G. C. Toon
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - D. B. Millet
- University of Minnesota, Department of Soil, Water and Climate, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - P. F. DeCarlo
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - C. Vigouroux
- Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N. M. Deutscher
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - J. Notholt
- Institute of Environmental Physics, Bremen, Germany
| | - T. Warneke
- Institute of Environmental Physics, Bremen, Germany
| | - J. W. Hannigan
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - C. Warneke
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J. A. de Gouw
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - E. J. Dunlea
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M. De Mazière
- Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D. W. T. Griffith
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - P. Bernath
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - J. L. Jimenez
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P. O. Wennberg
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
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Farahani E, Fast H, Mittermeier RL, Makino Y, Strong K, McLandress C, Shepherd TG, Chipperfield MP, Hannigan JW, Coffey MT, Mikuteit S, Hase F, Blumenstock T, Raffalski U. Nitric acid measurements at Eureka obtained in winter 2001–2002 using solar and lunar Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy: Comparisons with observations at Thule and Kiruna and with results from three-dimensional models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Coffey MT, Hannigan JW, Goldman A. Observations of upper tropospheric/lower stratospheric water vapor and its isotopes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Emmons LK, Deeter MN, Gille JC, Edwards DP, Attié JL, Warner J, Ziskin D, Francis G, Khattatov B, Yudin V, Lamarque JF, Ho SP, Mao D, Chen JS, Drummond J, Novelli P, Sachse G, Coffey MT, Hannigan JW, Gerbig C, Kawakami S, Kondo Y, Takegawa N, Schlager H, Baehr J, Ziereis H. Validation of Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) CO retrievals with aircraft in situ profiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. K. Emmons
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. N. Deeter
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. C. Gille
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. P. Edwards
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - J. Warner
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. Ziskin
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. Francis
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. Khattatov
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - V. Yudin
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J.-F. Lamarque
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S.-P. Ho
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. Mao
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. S. Chen
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - P. Novelli
- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. Sachse
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - M. T. Coffey
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. W. Hannigan
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Gerbig
- Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - S. Kawakami
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Y. Kondo
- University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | | | - H. Schlager
- Deutsches Zentrum Für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR); Germany
| | - J. Baehr
- Deutsches Zentrum Für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR); Germany
| | - H. Ziereis
- Deutsches Zentrum Für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR); Germany
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Goldman A, Paton-Walsh C, Bell W, Toon GC, Blavier JF, Sen B, Coffey MT, Hannigan JW, Mankin WG. Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change Fourier transform infrared intercomparison at Table Mountain Facility, November 1996. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pougatchev NS, Jones NB, Connor BJ, Rinsland CP, Becker E, Coffey MT, Connors VS, Demoulin P, Dzhola AV, Fast H, Grechko EI, Hannigan JW, Koike M, Kondo Y, Mahieu E, Mankin WG, Mittermeier RL, Notholt J, Reichle HG, Sen B, Steele LP, Toon GC, Yurganov LN, Zander R, Zhao Y. Ground-based infrared solar spectroscopic measurements of carbon monoxide during 1994 Measurement of Air Pollution From Space flights. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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