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Baker KR, Nguyen TKV, Sareen N, Henderson BH. Meteorological and Air Quality Modeling for Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands. Atmos Environ (1994) 2020; 234:117543-11753. [PMID: 32601520 PMCID: PMC7322826 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A photochemical model platform for Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands predicting O3, PM2.5, and regional haze would be useful to support assessments relevant for the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), Regional Haze Rule, and the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program. These areas have not traditionally been modeled with photochemical transport models, but a reasonable representation of meteorology, emissions (natural and anthropogenic), chemistry, and deposition could support air quality management decisions in these areas. Here, a prognostic meteorological model (Weather Research and Forecasting) and photochemical transport (Community Multiscale Air Quality) model were applied for the entire year of 2016 at 27, 9, and 3 km grid resolution for areas covering the Hawaiian Islands and Puerto Rico/Virgin Islands. Model predictions were compared against surface and upper air meteorological and chemical measurements available in both areas. The vertical gradient of temperature, humidity, and winds in the troposphere was well represented. Surface layer meteorological model performance was spatially variable, but temperature tended to be underestimated in Hawaii. Chemically speciated daily average PM2.5 was generally well characterized by the modeling system at urban and rural monitors in Hawaii and Puerto Rico/Virgin Islands. Model performance was notably impacted by the wildfire emission methodology. Model performance was mixed for hourly SO2, NO2, PM2.5, and CO and was often related to how well local emissions sources were characterized. SO2 predictions were much lower than measurements at monitors near active volcanos on Hawaii, which was expected since volcanic emissions were not included in these model simulations. Further research is needed to assess emission inventory representation of these areas and how microscale meteorology influenced by the complex land-water and terrain interfaces impacts higher time resolution performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Baker
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - T K V Nguyen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - N Sareen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, New York, NY, USA
| | - B H Henderson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Christiansen AE, Carlton AG, Henderson BH. Differences in fine particle chemical composition on clear and cloudy days. Atmos Chem Phys 2020; 20:10.5194/acp-20-11607-2020. [PMID: 34381496 PMCID: PMC8353954 DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-11607-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Clouds are prevalent and alter PM2.5 mass and chemical composition. Cloud-affected satellite retrievals are often removed from data products, hindering estimates of tropospheric chemical composition during cloudy times. We examine surface fine particulate matter (PM2.5) chemical constituent concentrations in the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments network during Cloudy and Clear Sky times defined using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud flags from 2010-2014 with a focus on differences in particle hygroscopicity and aerosol liquid water (ALW). Cloudy and Clear Sky periods exhibit significant differences in PM2.5 and chemical composition that vary regionally and seasonally. In the eastern US, relative humidity alone cannot explain differences in ALW, suggesting emissions and in situ chemistry exert determining impacts. An implicit clear sky bias may hinder efforts to quantitatively to understand and improve model representation of aerosol-cloud interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Christiansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - A G Carlton
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - B H Henderson
- Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
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Tzompa-Sosa ZA, Henderson BH, Keller CA, Travis K, Mahieu E, Franco B, Estes M, Helmig D, Fried A, Richter D, Weibring P, Walega J, Blake DR, Hannigan JW, Ortega I, Conway S, Strong K, Fischer EV. Atmospheric implications of large C 2-C 5 alkane emissions from the U.S. oil and gas industry. J Geophys Res Atmos 2019; 124:1148-1169. [PMID: 32832312 PMCID: PMC7433792 DOI: 10.1029/2018jd028955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of C2-C5 alkanes from the U.S. oil and gas sector have changed rapidly over the last decade. We use a nested GEOS-Chem simulation driven by updated 2011NEI emissions with aircraft, surface and column observations to 1) examine spatial patterns in the emissions and observed atmospheric abundances of C2-C5 alkanes over the U.S., and 2) estimate the contribution of emissions from the U.S. oil and gas industry to these patterns. The oil and gas sector in the updated 2011NEI contributes over 80% of the total U.S. emissions of ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8), and emissions of these species are largest in the central U.S. Observed mixing ratios of C2-C5 alkanes show enhancements over the central U.S. below 2 km. A nested GEOS-Chem simulation underpredicts observed C3H8 mixing ratios in the boundary layer over several U.S. regions and the relative underprediction is not consistent, suggesting C3H8 emissions should receive more attention moving forward. Our decision to consider only C4-C5 alkane emissions as a single lumped species produces a geographic distribution similar to observations. Due to the increasing importance of oil and gas emissions in the U.S., we recommend continued support of existing long-term measurements of C2-C5 alkanes. We suggest additional monitoring of C2-C5 alkanes downwind of northeastern Colorado, Wyoming and western North Dakota to capture changes in these regions. The atmospheric chemistry modeling community should also evaluate whether chemical mechanisms that lump larger alkanes are sufficient to understand air quality issues in regions with large emissions of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Tzompa-Sosa
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
| | - B H Henderson
- Air Quality Modeling Group, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA
| | - C A Keller
- Universities Space Research Association / GESTAR, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Maryland, USA
- Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - K Travis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - E Mahieu
- Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, Quartier Agora, Liège, Belgium
| | - B Franco
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Atmospheric Spectroscopy, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Estes
- Air Modeling and Data Analysis Section, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Texas, USA
| | - D Helmig
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - A Fried
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - D Richter
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Weibring
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J Walega
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - D R Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J W Hannigan
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - I Ortega
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - S Conway
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Strong
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - E V Fischer
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Colorado, USA
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Polsin DN, Fratanduono DE, Rygg JR, Lazicki A, Smith RF, Eggert JH, Gregor MC, Henderson BH, Delettrez JA, Kraus RG, Celliers PM, Coppari F, Swift DC, McCoy CA, Seagle CT, Davis JP, Burns SJ, Collins GW, Boehly TR. Erratum: Measurement of Body-Centered-Cubic Aluminum at 475 GPa [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 175702 (2017)]. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:029902. [PMID: 29376685 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.029902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.175702.
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Polsin DN, Fratanduono DE, Rygg JR, Lazicki A, Smith RF, Eggert JH, Gregor MC, Henderson BH, Delettrez JA, Kraus RG, Celliers PM, Coppari F, Swift DC, McCoy CA, Seagle CT, Davis JP, Burns SJ, Collins GW, Boehly TR. Measurement of Body-Centered-Cubic Aluminum at 475 GPa. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:175702. [PMID: 29219452 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.175702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanosecond in situ x-ray diffraction and simultaneous velocimetry measurements were used to determine the crystal structure and pressure, respectively, of ramp-compressed aluminum at stress states between 111 and 475 GPa. The solid-solid Al phase transformations, fcc-hcp and hcp-bcc, are observed at 216±9 and 321±12 GPa, respectively, with the bcc phase persisting to 475 GPa. The high-pressure crystallographic texture of the hcp and bcc phases suggests close-packed or nearly close-packed lattice planes remain parallel through both transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Polsin
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M C Gregor
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B H Henderson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J A Delettrez
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - R G Kraus
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P M Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D C Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C A McCoy
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1189, USA
| | - C T Seagle
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1189, USA
| | - J-P Davis
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1189, USA
| | - S J Burns
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - T R Boehly
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
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Goodin DS, Squires KC, Henderson BH, Starr A. Age-related variations in evoked potentials to auditory stimuli in normal human subjects. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1978; 44:447-58. [PMID: 76553 DOI: 10.1016/0013-4694(78)90029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Auditory evoked potentials were recorded from 47 subjects ranging in age from 6 to 76 years in order to assess the effects of maturation and aging on the evoked (N1 and P2) and event-related (N2 and P3) components. Because of clear differences in the effects of age on the event-related components between children (less than 15 years of age) and adults the subjects were divided into two populations for analysis. For adults there was a systematic increase in the latency and decrease in amplitude of each component with age. Also the rate of the age-related increase in latency was proportional to the latency of the component. The scalp distributions of both the stimulus-evoked and event-related components were found to vary with age yielding a more nearly equipotential distribution for older subjects. For children the latencies of the event-related components decreased with age. The stimulus-evoked components had latencies which were not significantly different from those predicted from the adult data. In contrast to the adult data, age affected the scalp distributions of the stimulus-evoked components differently than the event-related components. These results suggest an aging process is relfected in the auditory evoked potential which is not the simple inverse of maturational processes.
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Warren RP, Tsoi MS, Henderson BH, Weiden PL, Storb R. Demonstration of tumor-associated antigens in dogs. Transplant Proc 1975; 7:481-4. [PMID: 1105911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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