1
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Werellapatha K, Hall GN, Krauland C, Krygier A, Bhandarkar N, Bradley DK, Coppari F, Gorman MG, Heinbockel C, Kemp GE, Khan SF, Lazicki A, Masters N, May MJ, Nagel SR, Palmer NE, Eggert JH, Benedetti LR. Optimized x-ray emission from 10 ns long germanium x-ray sources at the National Ignition Facility. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:123902. [PMID: 36586918 DOI: 10.1063/5.0106696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates methods to optimize quasi-monochromatic, ∼10 ns long x-ray sources (XRS) for time-resolved x-ray diffraction measurements of phase transitions during dynamic laser compression measurements at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). To support this, we produce continuous and pulsed XRS by irradiating a Ge foil with NIF lasers to achieve an intensity of 2 × 1015 W/cm2, optimizing the laser-to-x-ray conversion efficiency. Our x-ray source is dominated by Ge He-α line emission. We discuss methods to optimize the source to maintain a uniform XRS for ∼10 ns, mitigating cold plasma and higher energy x-ray emission lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Werellapatha
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G N Hall
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Krauland
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - A Krygier
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Bhandarkar
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M G Gorman
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Heinbockel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G E Kemp
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S F Khan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Masters
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M J May
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S R Nagel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N E Palmer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L R Benedetti
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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2
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Kim D, Smith RF, Ocampo IK, Coppari F, Marshall MC, Ginnane MK, Wicks JK, Tracy SJ, Millot M, Lazicki A, Rygg JR, Eggert JH, Duffy TS. Structure and density of silicon carbide to 1.5 TPa and implications for extrasolar planets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2260. [PMID: 35477934 PMCID: PMC9046200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been considerable recent interest in the high-pressure behavior of silicon carbide, a potential major constituent of carbon-rich exoplanets. In this work, the atomic-level structure of SiC was determined through in situ X-ray diffraction under laser-driven ramp compression up to 1.5 TPa; stresses more than seven times greater than previous static and shock data. Here we show that the B1-type structure persists over this stress range and we have constrained its equation of state (EOS). Using this data we have determined the first experimentally based mass-radius curves for a hypothetical pure SiC planet. Interior structure models are constructed for planets consisting of a SiC-rich mantle and iron-rich core. Carbide planets are found to be ~10% less dense than corresponding terrestrial planets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kim
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - I K Ocampo
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - M C Marshall
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M K Ginnane
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J K Wicks
- Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S J Tracy
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Millot
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - T S Duffy
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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3
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Gleason AE, Rittman DR, Bolme CA, Galtier E, Lee HJ, Granados E, Ali S, Lazicki A, Swift D, Celliers P, Militzer B, Stanley S, Mao WL. Dynamic compression of water to conditions in ice giant interiors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:715. [PMID: 35027608 PMCID: PMC8758754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries of water-rich Neptune-like exoplanets require a more detailed understanding of the phase diagram of H2O at pressure–temperature conditions relevant to their planetary interiors. The unusual non-dipolar magnetic fields of ice giant planets, produced by convecting liquid ionic water, are influenced by exotic high-pressure states of H2O—yet the structure of ice in this state is challenging to determine experimentally. Here we present X-ray diffraction evidence of a body-centered cubic (BCC) structured H2O ice at 200 GPa and ~ 5000 K, deemed ice XIX, using the X-ray Free Electron Laser of the Linac Coherent Light Source to probe the structure of the oxygen sub-lattice during dynamic compression. Although several cubic or orthorhombic structures have been predicted to be the stable structure at these conditions, we show this BCC ice phase is stable to multi-Mbar pressures and temperatures near the melt boundary. This suggests variable and increased electrical conductivity to greater depths in ice giant planets that may promote the generation of multipolar magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Gleason
- Fundamental Physics Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. .,Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - D R Rittman
- Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - C A Bolme
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - E Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - H J Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - E Granados
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - S Ali
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - D Swift
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - P Celliers
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - B Militzer
- Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - S Stanley
- Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.,Applied Physics Lab, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, 20723, USA
| | - W L Mao
- Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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4
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Kraus RG, Coppari F, Fratanduono DE, Smith RF, Lazicki A, Wehrenberg C, Eggert JH, Rygg JR, Collins GW. Melting of Tantalum at Multimegabar Pressures on the Nanosecond Timescale. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:255701. [PMID: 34241515 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.255701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tantalum was once thought to be the canonical bcc metal, but is now predicted to transition to the Pnma phase at the high pressures and temperatures expected along the principal Hugoniot. Furthermore, there remains a significant discrepancy between a number of static diamond anvil cell experiments and gas gun experiments in the measured melt temperatures at high pressures. Our in situ x-ray diffraction experiments on shock compressed tantalum show that it does not transition to the Pnma phase or other candidate phases at high pressure. We observe incipient melting at approximately 254±15 GPa and complete melting by 317±10 GPa. These transition pressures from the nanosecond experiments presented here are consistent with what can be inferred from microsecond gas gun sound velocity measurements. Furthermore, the observation of a coexistence region on the Hugoniot implies the lack of significant kinetically controlled deviation from equilibrium behavior. Consequently, we find that kinetics of phase transitions cannot be used to explain the discrepancy between static and dynamic measurements of the tantalum melt curve. Using available high pressure thermodynamic data for tantalum and our measurements of the incipient and complete melting transition pressures, we are able to infer a melting temperature 8070_{-750}^{+1250} K at 254±15 GPa, which is consistent with ambient and a recent static high pressure melt curve measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Kraus
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Wehrenberg
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, and Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, and Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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5
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Werellapatha K, Hall GN, Coppari F, Kemp GE, Palmer NE, Krauland C, Khan SF, Lazicki A, Gorman MG, Nagel SR, Heinbockel C, Bhandarkar N, Masters N, Bradley DK, Eggert JH, Benedetti LR. Long duration x-ray source development for x-ray diffraction at the National Ignition Facility. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:053904. [PMID: 34243269 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of experiments to produce a 10 ns-long, quasi-monochromatic x-ray source. This effort is needed to support time-resolved x-ray diffraction (XRDt) measurements of phase transitions during laser-driven dynamic compression experiments at the National Ignition Facility. To record XRDt of phase transitions as they occur, we use high-speed (∼1 ns) gated hybrid CMOS detectors, which record multiple frames of data over a timescale of a few to tens of ns. Consequently, to make effective use of these imagers, XRDt needs the x-ray source to be narrow in energy and uniform in time as long as the sensors are active. The x-ray source is produced by a laser irradiated Ge foil. Our results indicate that the x-ray source lasts during the whole duration of the main laser pulse. Both time-resolved and time-integrated spectral data indicate that the line emission is dominated by the He-α complex over higher energy emission lines. Time-integrated spectra agree well with a one-dimensional Cartesian simulation using HYDRA that predicts a conversion efficiency of 0.56% when the incident intensity is 2 × 1015 W/cm2 on a Ge backlighter.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Werellapatha
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G N Hall
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G E Kemp
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N E Palmer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Krauland
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - S F Khan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M G Gorman
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S R Nagel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Heinbockel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Bhandarkar
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Masters
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L R Benedetti
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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6
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Crandall LE, Rygg JR, Spaulding DK, Boehly TR, Brygoo S, Celliers PM, Eggert JH, Fratanduono DE, Henderson BJ, Huff MF, Jeanloz R, Lazicki A, Marshall MC, Polsin DN, Zaghoo M, Millot M, Collins GW. Equation of State of CO_{2} Shock Compressed to 1 TPa. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:165701. [PMID: 33124844 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.165701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Equation-of-state (pressure, density, temperature, internal energy) and reflectivity measurements on shock-compressed CO_{2} at and above the insulating-to-conducting transition reveal new insight into the chemistry of simple molecular systems in the warm-dense-matter regime. CO_{2} samples were precompressed in diamond-anvil cells to tune the initial densities from 1.35 g/cm^{3} (liquid) to 1.74 g/cm^{3} (solid) at room temperature and were then shock compressed up to 1 TPa and 93 000 K. Variation in initial density was leveraged to infer thermodynamic derivatives including specific heat and Gruneisen coefficient, exposing a complex bonded and moderately ionized state at the most extreme conditions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Crandall
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
| | - D K Spaulding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - T R Boehly
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S Brygoo
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - P M Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - B J Henderson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
| | - M F Huff
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
| | - R Jeanloz
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-5800, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - M C Marshall
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - D N Polsin
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Zaghoo
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Millot
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
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7
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Descamps A, Ofori-Okai BK, Appel K, Cerantola V, Comley A, Eggert JH, Fletcher LB, Gericke DO, Göde S, Humphries O, Karnbach O, Lazicki A, Loetzsch R, McGonegle D, Palmer CAJ, Plueckthun C, Preston TR, Redmer R, Senesky DG, Strohm C, Uschmann I, White TG, Wollenweber L, Monaco G, Wark JS, Hastings JB, Zastrau U, Gregori G, Glenzer SH, McBride EE. An approach for the measurement of the bulk temperature of single crystal diamond using an X-ray free electron laser. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14564. [PMID: 32884061 PMCID: PMC7471281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a method to determine the bulk temperature of a single crystal diamond sample at an X-Ray free electron laser using inelastic X-ray scattering. The experiment was performed at the high energy density instrument at the European XFEL GmbH, Germany. The technique, based on inelastic X-ray scattering and the principle of detailed balance, was demonstrated to give accurate temperature measurements, within [Formula: see text] for both room temperature diamond and heated diamond to 500 K. Here, the temperature was increased in a controlled way using a resistive heater to test theoretical predictions of the scaling of the signal with temperature. The method was tested by validating the energy of the phonon modes with previous measurements made at room temperature using inelastic X-ray scattering and neutron scattering techniques. This technique could be used to determine the bulk temperature in transient systems with a temporal resolution of 50 fs and for which accurate measurements of thermodynamic properties are vital to build accurate equation of state and transport models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Descamps
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
- Aeronautics and Astronautics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - B K Ofori-Okai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - K Appel
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - V Cerantola
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A Comley
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, UK
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - L B Fletcher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - D O Gericke
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - S Göde
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - O Humphries
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - O Karnbach
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - R Loetzsch
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - D McGonegle
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, UK
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - C A J Palmer
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University, University Road BT7 1NN, Belfast, UK
| | - C Plueckthun
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - T R Preston
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R Redmer
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, A.-Einstein-Str. 23-24, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - D G Senesky
- Aeronautics and Astronautics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - C Strohm
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - I Uschmann
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - T G White
- University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - L Wollenweber
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - G Monaco
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123, Povo, TN, Italy
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - J B Hastings
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - U Zastrau
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - S H Glenzer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - E E McBride
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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8
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Heighway PG, Sliwa M, McGonegle D, Wehrenberg C, Bolme CA, Eggert J, Higginbotham A, Lazicki A, Lee HJ, Nagler B, Park HS, Rudd RE, Smith RF, Suggit MJ, Swift D, Tavella F, Remington BA, Wark JS. Nonisentropic Release of a Shocked Solid. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:245501. [PMID: 31922830 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.245501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present molecular dynamics simulations of shock and release in micron-scale tantalum crystals that exhibit postbreakout temperatures far exceeding those expected under the standard assumption of isentropic release. We show via an energy-budget analysis that this is due to plastic-work heating from material strength that largely counters thermoelastic cooling. The simulations are corroborated by experiments where the release temperatures of laser-shocked tantalum foils are deduced from their thermal strains via in situ x-ray diffraction and are found to be close to those behind the shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Heighway
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Sliwa
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D McGonegle
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - C Wehrenberg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C A Bolme
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bikini Atoll Road, SM-30, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Higginbotham
- York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H J Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Nagler
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H-S Park
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R E Rudd
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M J Suggit
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Tavella
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B A Remington
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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9
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Coppari F, Smith RF, Thorn DB, Rygg JR, Liedahl DA, Kraus RG, Lazicki A, Millot M, Eggert JH. Optimized x-ray sources for x-ray diffraction measurements at the Omega Laser Facility. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:125113. [PMID: 31893795 DOI: 10.1063/1.5111878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements in laser-driven dynamic compression experiments at high-power laser facilities is becoming increasingly common. Diffraction allows one to probe in situ the transformations occurring at the atomic level at extreme conditions of pressure, temperature, and time scale. In these measurements, the x-ray source is generated by irradiation of a solid foil. Under certain laser drive conditions, quasimonochromatic He-α radiation is generated. Careful analysis of the x-ray source plasma spectra reveals that this radiation is not a single line emission and that monochromaticity is highly dependent on the laser irradiance. In this work, we analyze how the spectra emitted by laser-irradiated copper, germanium, and iron foils at the Omega Laser vary depending on different laser drive conditions and discuss the implications for XRD experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D B Thorn
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D A Liedahl
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R G Kraus
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Millot
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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10
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Sliwa M, McGonegle D, Wehrenberg C, Bolme CA, Heighway PG, Higginbotham A, Lazicki A, Lee HJ, Nagler B, Park HS, Rudd RE, Suggit MJ, Swift D, Tavella F, Zepeda-Ruiz L, Remington BA, Wark JS. Femtosecond X-Ray Diffraction Studies of the Reversal of the Microstructural Effects of Plastic Deformation during Shock Release of Tantalum. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:265502. [PMID: 30004719 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.265502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have used femtosecond x-ray diffraction to study laser-shocked fiber-textured polycrystalline tantalum targets as the 37-253 GPa shock waves break out from the free surface. We extract the time and depth-dependent strain profiles within the Ta target as the rarefaction wave travels back into the bulk of the sample. In agreement with molecular dynamics simulations, the lattice rotation and the twins that are formed under shock compression are observed to be almost fully eliminated by the rarefaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sliwa
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D McGonegle
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - C Wehrenberg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C A Bolme
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bikini Atoll Road, SM-30, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - P G Heighway
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - A Higginbotham
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H J Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Nagler
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H S Park
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R E Rudd
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M J Suggit
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Tavella
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L Zepeda-Ruiz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B A Remington
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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11
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Polsin DN, Fratanduono DE, Rygg JR, Lazicki A, Smith RF, Eggert JH, Gregor MC, Henderson BH, Delettrez JA, Kraus RG, Celliers PM, Coppari F, Swift DC, McCoy CA, Seagle CT, Davis JP, Burns SJ, Collins GW, Boehly TR. Erratum: Measurement of Body-Centered-Cubic Aluminum at 475 GPa [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 175702 (2017)]. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:029902. [PMID: 29376685 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.029902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.175702.
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12
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Polsin DN, Fratanduono DE, Rygg JR, Lazicki A, Smith RF, Eggert JH, Gregor MC, Henderson BH, Delettrez JA, Kraus RG, Celliers PM, Coppari F, Swift DC, McCoy CA, Seagle CT, Davis JP, Burns SJ, Collins GW, Boehly TR. Measurement of Body-Centered-Cubic Aluminum at 475 GPa. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:175702. [PMID: 29219452 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.175702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanosecond in situ x-ray diffraction and simultaneous velocimetry measurements were used to determine the crystal structure and pressure, respectively, of ramp-compressed aluminum at stress states between 111 and 475 GPa. The solid-solid Al phase transformations, fcc-hcp and hcp-bcc, are observed at 216±9 and 321±12 GPa, respectively, with the bcc phase persisting to 475 GPa. The high-pressure crystallographic texture of the hcp and bcc phases suggests close-packed or nearly close-packed lattice planes remain parallel through both transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Polsin
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M C Gregor
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B H Henderson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J A Delettrez
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - R G Kraus
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P M Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D C Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C A McCoy
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1189, USA
| | - C T Seagle
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1189, USA
| | - J-P Davis
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1189, USA
| | - S J Burns
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - T R Boehly
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
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13
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Wehrenberg CE, McGonegle D, Bolme C, Higginbotham A, Lazicki A, Lee HJ, Nagler B, Park HS, Remington BA, Rudd RE, Sliwa M, Suggit M, Swift D, Tavella F, Zepeda-Ruiz L, Wark JS. In situ X-ray diffraction measurement of shock-wave-driven twinning and lattice dynamics. Nature 2017; 550:496-499. [DOI: 10.1038/nature24061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Gleason AE, Bolme CA, Galtier E, Lee HJ, Granados E, Dolan DH, Seagle CT, Ao T, Ali S, Lazicki A, Swift D, Celliers P, Mao WL. Compression Freezing Kinetics of Water to Ice VII. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:025701. [PMID: 28753373 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.025701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved x-ray diffraction (XRD) of compressed liquid water shows transformation to ice VII in 6 nsec, revealing crystallization rather than amorphous solidification during compression freezing. Application of classical nucleation theory indicates heterogeneous nucleation and one-dimensional (e.g., needlelike) growth. These first XRD data demonstrate rapid growth kinetics of ice VII with implications for fundamental physics of diffusion-mediated crystallization and thermodynamic modeling of collision or impact events on ice-rich planetary bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Gleason
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 USA
| | - C A Bolme
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - E Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 USA
| | - H J Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 USA
| | - E Granados
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 USA
| | - D H Dolan
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 USA
| | - C T Seagle
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 USA
| | - T Ao
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 USA
| | - S Ali
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 USA
| | - D Swift
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 USA
| | - P Celliers
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 USA
| | - W L Mao
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 USA
- Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 USA
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15
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Lazicki A, Rygg JR, Coppari F, Smith R, Fratanduono D, Kraus RG, Collins GW, Briggs R, Braun DG, Swift DC, Eggert JH. X-Ray Diffraction of Solid Tin to 1.2 TPa. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:075502. [PMID: 26317730 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.075502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report direct in situ measurements of the crystal structure of tin between 0.12 and 1.2 TPa, the highest stress at which a crystal structure has ever been observed. Using angle-dispersive powder x-ray diffraction, we find that dynamically compressed Sn transforms to the body-centered-cubic (bcc) structure previously identified by ambient-temperature quasistatic-compression studies and by zero-kelvin density-functional theory predictions between 0.06 and 0.16 TPa. However, we observe no evidence for the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase found by those studies to be stable above 0.16 TPa. Instead, our results are consistent with bcc up to 1.2 TPa. We conjecture that at high temperature bcc is stabilized relative to hcp due to differences in vibrational free energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R G Kraus
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Briggs
- The University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Braun
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D C Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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16
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Barrios MA, Regan SP, Fournier KB, Epstein R, Smith R, Lazicki A, Rygg R, Fratanduono DE, Eggert J, Park HS, Huntington C, Bradley DK, Landen OL, Collins GW. X-ray area backlighter development at the National Ignition Facility (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11D502. [PMID: 25430176 DOI: 10.1063/1.4891713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
1D spectral imaging was used to characterize the K-shell emission of Z ≈ 30-35 and Z ≈ 40-42 laser-irradiated foils at the National Ignition Facility. Foils were driven with up to 60 kJ of 3ω light, reaching laser irradiances on target between 0.5 and 20 × 10(15) W/cm(2). Laser-to-X-ray conversion efficiency (CE) into the Heα line (plus satellite emission) of 1.0%-1.5% and 0.15%-0.2% was measured for Z ≈ 30-32 and Z ≈ 40-42, respectively. Measured CE into Heα (plus satellite emission) of Br (Z = 35) compound foils (either KBr or RbBr) ranged between 0.16% and 0.29%. Measured spectra are compared with 1D non-local thermodynamic equilibrium atomic kinetic and radiation transport simulations, providing a fast and accurate predictive capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Barrios
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - K B Fournier
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Epstein
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Rygg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H-S Park
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Huntington
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - O L Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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17
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Maddox BR, Lazicki A, Yoo CS, Iota V, Chen M, McMahan AK, Hu MY, Chow P, Scalettar RT, Pickett WE. 4f delocalization in Gd: inelastic x-ray scattering at ultrahigh pressure. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:215701. [PMID: 16803251 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.215701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and x-ray emission spectroscopy results on Gd metal to 113 GPa which suggest Kondo-like aspects in the delocalization of 4f electrons. Analysis of the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering data reveals a prolonged and continuous delocalization with volume throughout the entire pressure range, so that the volume-collapse transition at 59 GPa is only part of the phenomenon. Moreover, the Lgamma1 x-ray emission spectroscopy spectra indicate no apparent change in the bare 4f moment across the collapse, suggesting that Kondo screening is responsible for the expected Pauli-like behavior in magnetic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Maddox
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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18
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Kasinathan D, Kunes J, Lazicki A, Rosner H, Yoo CS, Scalettar RT, Pickett WE. Superconductivity and lattice instability in compressed lithium from Fermi surface hot spots. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:047004. [PMID: 16486875 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.047004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The highest superconducting temperature Tc observed in any elemental metal (Li with Tc approximately 18-20 K at pressure 35-48 GPa) is shown to arise from increasingly strong electron-phonon coupling concentrated along intersections of Kohn anomaly surfaces with the evolving Fermi surface. First-principles linear response calculations of the phonon spectrum and spectral function alpha2F(omega) reveal very strong Q- and phonon-polarization dependence of coupling strength, resulting in values of in the observed range. The sharp momentum dependence of the coupling even for the simple Li Fermi surface indicates more generally that a fine Q mesh is required for precise evaluation of lamda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Kasinathan
- Department of Physics, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Lazicki A, Maddox B, Evans WJ, Yoo CS, McMahan AK, Pickett WE, Scalettar RT, Hu MY, Chow P. New cubic phase of Li3N: stability of the N3- ion to 200 GPa. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:165503. [PMID: 16241815 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.165503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Diamond-anvil cell experiments augmented by first-principles calculations have found a remarkable stability of the N(3-) ion in Li3N to a sixfold volume reduction. A new (gamma) phase is discovered above 40(+/-5) GPa, with an 8% volume collapse and a band gap quadrupling at the transition determined by synchrotron x-ray diffraction and inelastic x-ray scattering. gamma-Li(3)N (Fm3m, Li(3)Bi-like structure) remains stable up to 200 GPa, and calculations do not predict metallization until approximately 8 TPa. The high structural stability, wide band gap, and simple electronic structure make this N(3-) based system analogous to lower valency compounds (MgO, NaCl, Ne), meriting its use as an internal pressure standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California 94550, USA
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