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Chooi YC, Zhang QA, Magkos F, Ng M, Michael N, Wu X, Volchanskaya VSB, Lai X, Wanjaya ER, Elejalde U, Goh CC, Yap CPL, Wong LH, Lim KJ, Velan SS, Yaligar J, Muthiah MD, Chong YS, Loo EXL, Eriksson JG. Effect of an Asian-adapted Mediterranean diet and pentadecanoic acid on fatty liver disease: the TANGO randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:788-799. [PMID: 38035997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight loss is the most effective treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There is evidence that the Mediterranean diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids and fiber have beneficial effects on weight homeostasis and metabolic risk factors in individuals with NAFLD. Studies have also shown that higher circulating concentrations of pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) are associated with a lower risk for NAFLD. OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of a Mediterranean-like, culturally contextualized Asian diet rich in fiber and unsaturated fatty acids, with or without C15:0 supplementation, in Chinese females with NAFLD. METHODS In a double-blinded, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial, 88 Chinese females with NAFLD were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups for 12 wk: diet with C15:0 supplementation (n = 31), diet without C15:0 supplementation (n = 28), or control (habitual diet and no C15:0 supplementation, n = 29). At baseline and after the intervention, body fat percentage, intrahepatic lipid content, muscle and abdominal fat, liver enzymes, cardiometabolic risk factors, and gut microbiome were assessed. RESULTS In the intention-to-treat analysis, weight reductions of 4.0 ± 0.5 kg (5.3%), 3.4 ± 0.5 kg (4.5%), and 1.5 ± 0.5 kg (2.1%) were achieved in the diet-with-C15:0, diet without-C15:0, and the control groups, respectively. The proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the liver decreased by 33%, 30%, and 10%, respectively. Both diet groups achieved significantly greater reductions in body weight, liver PDFF, total cholesterol, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and triglyceride concentrations compared with the control group. C15:0 supplementation reduced LDL-cholesterol further, and increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Fat mass, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (deep and superficial), insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and blood pressure decreased significantly in all groups, in parallel with weight loss. CONCLUSION Mild weight loss induced by a Mediterranean-like diet adapted for Asians has multiple beneficial health effects in females with NAFLD. C15:0 supplementation lowers LDL-cholesterol and may cause beneficial shifts in the gut microbiome. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This trial was registered at the clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05259475.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chung Chooi
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
| | - Qinze Arthur Zhang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Maisie Ng
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | | | - Xianning Lai
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Elvy Riani Wanjaya
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Untzizu Elejalde
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Chew Chan Goh
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Clara Poh Lian Yap
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - Long Hui Wong
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore.
| | - Kevin Junliang Lim
- WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore (NUS), Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore
| | - S Sendhil Velan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jadegoud Yaligar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Mark Dhinesh Muthiah
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore; National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Department of Paediatrics and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
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2
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Loh WJ, Yaligar J, Hooper AJ, Sadananthan SA, Kway Y, Lim SC, Watts GF, Velan SS, Leow MKS, Khoo J. Clinical and imaging features of women with polygenic partial lipodystrophy: a case series. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:3. [PMID: 38321009 PMCID: PMC10847407 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) is an inherited disorder of white adipose tissue that causes premature cardiometabolic disease. There is no clear diagnostic criteria for FPLD, and this may explain the under-detection of this condition. AIM This pilot study aimed to describe the clinical features of women with FPLD and to explore the value of adipose tissue measurements that could be useful in diagnosis. METHODS In 8 women with FPLD and 4 controls, skinfold measurements, DXA and whole-body MRI were undertaken. RESULTS Whole genome sequencing was negative for monogenic metabolic causes, but polygenic scores for partial lipodystrophy were elevated in keeping with FPLD type 1. The mean age of diagnosis of DM was 31 years in the FPLD group. Compared with controls, the FPLD group had increased HOMA-IR (10.3 vs 2.9, p = 0.028) and lower mean thigh skinfold thickness (19.5 mm vs 48.2 mm, p = 0.008). The FPLD group had lower percentage of leg fat and an increased ratio of trunk to leg fat percentage on DXA. By MRI, the FPLD group had decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) volume in the femoral and calf regions (p < 0.01); abdominal SAT, visceral adipose tissue, and femoral and calf muscle volumes were not different from controls. CONCLUSION Women with FPLD1 in Singapore have significant loss of adipose but not muscle tissue in lower limbs and have early onset of diabetes. Reduced thigh skinfold, and increased ratio of trunk to leg fat percentage on DXA are potentially clinically useful markers to identify FPLD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wann Jia Loh
- Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jadegoud Yaligar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amanda J Hooper
- Department of Biochemistry, Pathwest and Fiona Stanley Hospital Network, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yeshe Kway
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, NUS Yong Loo School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gerald F Watts
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Sambasivam Sendhil Velan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, NUS Yong Loo School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvin Khee Shing Leow
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- LKC School of Medicine, NTU, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joan Khoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Teoh WW, Xie M, Vijayaraghavan A, Yaligar J, Tong WM, Goh LK, Sabapathy K. Correction: Molecular characterization of hepatocarcinogenesis using mouse models. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050441. [PMID: 37855084 PMCID: PMC10601999 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
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4
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Yaligar J, Verma SK, Gopalan V, Anantharaj R, Thu Le GT, Kaur K, Mallilankaraman K, Leow MKS, Velan SS. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of brown and beige adipose tissues. Magn Reson Med 2019; 84:384-395. [PMID: 31799761 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The vascular blood flow in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important for handling triglyceride clearance, increased blood flow and oxygenation. We used dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI and fat fraction (FF) imaging for investigating vascular perfusion kinetics in brown and beige adipose tissues with cold exposure or treatment with β3-adrenergic agonist. METHODS FF imaging and DCE-MRI using gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid were performed in interscapular BAT (iBAT) and beige tissues using male Wister rats (n = 38). Imaging was performed at thermoneutral condition and with either cold exposure, treatment with pharmacological agent CL-316,243, or saline. DCE-MRI and FF data were co-registered to enhance the understanding of metabolic activity. RESULTS Uptake of contrast agent in activated iBAT and beige tissues were significantly (P < .05) higher than nonactivated iBAT. The Ktrans and kep increased significantly in iBAT and beige tissues after treatment with either cold exposure or β3-adrenergic agonist. The FF decreased in activated iBAT and beige tissues. The Ktrans and FF from iBAT and beige tissues were inversely correlated (r = 0.97; r = 0.94). Significant increase in vascular endothelial growth factor expression and Ktrans in activated iBAT and beige tissues were in agreement with the increased vasculature and vascular perfusion kinetics. The iBAT and beige tissues were validated by measuring molecular markers. CONCLUSION Increased Ktrans and decreased FF in iBAT and beige tissues were in agreement with the vascular perfusion kinetics facilitating the clearance of free fatty acids. The methodology can be extended for the screening of browning agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadegoud Yaligar
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Sanjay Kumar Verma
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Venkatesh Gopalan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Rengaraj Anantharaj
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Giang Thi Thu Le
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Kavita Kaur
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - Melvin Khee-Shing Leow
- Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorder Program, Duke-NUS.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore
| | - S Sendhil Velan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Julien SG, Kim SY, Brunmeir R, Sinnakannu JR, Ge X, Li H, Ma W, Yaligar J, KN BP, Velan SS, Röder PV, Zhang Q, Sim CK, Wu J, Garcia-Miralles M, Pouladi MA, Xie W, McFarlane C, Han W, Xu F. Narciclasine attenuates diet-induced obesity by promoting oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e1002597. [PMID: 28207742 PMCID: PMC5331945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity develops when caloric intake exceeds metabolic needs. Promoting energy expenditure represents an attractive approach in the prevention of this fast-spreading epidemic. Here, we report a novel pharmacological strategy in which a natural compound, narciclasine (ncls), attenuates diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice by promoting energy expenditure. Moreover, ncls promotes fat clearance from peripheral metabolic tissues, improves blood metabolic parameters in DIO mice, and protects these mice from the loss of voluntary physical activity. Further investigation suggested that ncls achieves these beneficial effects by promoting a shift from glycolytic to oxidative muscle fibers in the DIO mice thereby enhancing mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the skeletal muscle. Moreover, ncls strongly activates AMPK signaling specifically in the skeletal muscle. The beneficial effects of ncls treatment in fat clearance and AMPK activation were faithfully reproduced in vitro in cultured murine and human primary myotubes. Mechanistically, ncls increases cellular cAMP concentration and ADP/ATP ratio, which further lead to the activation of AMPK signaling. Blocking AMPK signaling through a specific inhibitor significantly reduces FAO in myotubes. Finally, ncls also enhances mitochondrial membrane potential and reduces the formation of reactive oxygen species in cultured myotubes. Narciclasine is a natural compound that attenuates diet-induced obesity in mice by promoting energy expenditure; it also induces a number of beneficial metabolic effects and activates AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle. Obesity results from the imbalance of food intake and energy expenditure. Since the restriction of food intake is difficult and inefficient in maintaining long-term weight loss, enhancing energy expenditure is now an attractive approach in combating obesity. Here, we analysed the role in this process of a natural compound called narciclasine. We showed that narciclasine treatment reduces excess fat accumulation in peripheral metabolic tissues, improves blood metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity in obese mice, and protects these mice from the loss of voluntary physical activity. Further investigation suggested that narciclasine enhances mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid consumption in the skeletal muscle. In addition, narciclasine strongly activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, which is a central sensor of the cellular energy status and a key player in maintaining energy homeostasis, specifically in the skeletal muscle. Mechanistically, we found that narciclasine increases cAMP concentration and ADP/ATP ratio in muscle cells, which further lead to AMPK activation. Finally, we observed that narciclasine increases mitochondrial membrane potential and reduces the production of reactive oxygen species in muscle cells. Our findings suggest that narciclasine is a natural compound that attenuates diet-induced obesity in mice by promoting energy expenditure.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cell Respiration/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Diet/adverse effects
- Diet, High-Fat
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Fatty Acids/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Obesity/drug therapy
- Obesity/metabolism
- Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
- Phenanthridines/pharmacology
- Phenanthridines/therapeutic use
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- Protective Agents/therapeutic use
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofi G. Julien
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sun-Yee Kim
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Reinhard Brunmeir
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Joanna R. Sinnakannu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiaojia Ge
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongyu Li
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Ma
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jadegoud Yaligar
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Metabolic Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Bhanu Prakash KN
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Metabolic Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sendhil S. Velan
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Metabolic Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Pia V. Röder
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qiongyi Zhang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Choon Kiat Sim
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Marta Garcia-Miralles
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mahmoud A. Pouladi
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Craig McFarlane
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Weiping Han
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Feng Xu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- * E-mail:
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6
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Verma SK, Nagashima K, Yaligar J, Michael N, Lee SS, Xianfeng T, Gopalan V, Sadananthan SA, Anantharaj R, Velan SS. Differentiating brown and white adipose tissues by high-resolution diffusion NMR spectroscopy. J Lipid Res 2016; 58:289-298. [PMID: 27845688 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d072298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There are two types of fat tissues, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), which essentially perform opposite functions in whole body energy metabolism. There is a large interest in identifying novel biophysical properties of WAT and BAT by a quantitative and easy-to-run technique. In this work, we used high-resolution pulsed field gradient diffusion NMR spectroscopy to study the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of fat molecules in rat BAT and WAT samples. The ADC of fat in BAT and WAT from rats fed with a chow diet was compared with that of rats fed with a high-fat diet to monitor how the diffusion properties change due to obesity-associated parameters such as lipid droplet size, fatty acid chain length, and saturation. Feeding a high-fat diet resulted in increased saturation, increased chain lengths, and reduced ADC of fat in WAT. The ADC of fat was lower in BAT relative to WAT in rats fed both chow and high-fat diets. Diffusion of fat was restricted in BAT due to the presence of small multilocular lipid droplets. Our findings indicate that in vivo diffusion might be a potential way for better delineation of BAT and WAT in both lean and obese states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Verma
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Kaz Nagashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jadegoud Yaligar
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Swee Shean Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Tian Xianfeng
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Venkatesh Gopalan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Rengaraj Anantharaj
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - S Sendhil Velan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore .,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Ho V, Lim TS, Lee J, Steinberg J, Szmyd R, Tham M, Yaligar J, Kaldis P, Abastado JP, Chew V. TLR3 agonist and Sorafenib combinatorial therapy promotes immune activation and controls hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27252-66. [PMID: 26287667 PMCID: PMC4694987 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with high mortality and the current therapy for advanced HCC, Sorafenib, offers limited survival benefits. Here we assessed whether combining the TLR3 agonist: lysine-stabilized polyinosinic-polycytidylic-acid (poly-ICLC) with Sorafenib could enhance tumor control in HCC. Combinatorial therapy with poly-ICLC and Sorafenib increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation of HCC cell lines in vitro, in association with impaired phosphorylation of AKT, MEK and ERK. In vivo, the combinatorial treatment enhanced control of tumor growth in two mouse models: one transplanted with Hepa 1-6 cells, and the other with liver tumors induced using the Sleeping beauty transposon. Tumor cell apoptosis and host immune responses in the tumor microenvironment were enhanced. Particularly, the activation of local NK cells, T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells was enhanced. Decreased expression of the inhibitory signaling molecules PD-1 and PD-L1 was observed in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and tumor cells, respectively. Tumor infiltration by monocytic-myeloid derived suppressor cells (Mo-MDSC) was also reduced indicating the reversion of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Our data demonstrated that the combinatorial therapy with poly-ICLC and Sorafenib enhances tumor control and local immune response hence providing a rationale for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ho
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Tong Seng Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Justin Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Steinberg
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Radoslaw Szmyd
- Institute Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Muly Tham
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Jadegoud Yaligar
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Institute Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Jean-Pierre Abastado
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore.,Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Valerie Chew
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore.,Singhealth Translational Immunology and Inflammation Centre (STIIC), Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd., Singapore
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8
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Gopalan V, Michael N, Ishino S, Lee SS, Yang AY, Bhanu Prakash KN, Yaligar J, Sadananthan SA, Kaneko M, Zhou Z, Satomi Y, Hirayama M, Kamiguchi H, Zhu B, Horiguchi T, Nishimoto T, Velan SS. Effect of Exercise and Calorie Restriction on Tissue Acylcarnitines, Tissue Desaturase Indices, and Fat Accumulation in Diet-Induced Obese Rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26445. [PMID: 27197769 PMCID: PMC4873816 DOI: 10.1038/srep26445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both exercise and calorie restriction interventions have been recommended for inducing weight-loss in obese states. However, there is conflicting evidence on their relative benefits for metabolic health and insulin sensitivity. This study seeks to evaluate the differential effects of the two interventions on fat mobilization, fat metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese animal models. After 4 months of ad libitum high fat diet feeding, 35 male Fischer F344 rats were grouped (n = 7 per cohort) into sedentary control (CON), exercise once a day (EX1), exercise twice a day (EX2), 15% calorie restriction (CR1) and 30% calorie restriction (CR2) cohorts. Interventions were carried out over a 4-week period. We found elevated hepatic and muscle long chain acylcarnitines with both exercise and calorie restriction, and a positive association between hepatic long chain acylcarnitines and insulin sensitivity in the pooled cohort. Our result suggests that long chain acylcarnitines may not indicate incomplete fat oxidation in weight loss interventions. Calorie restriction was found to be more effective than exercise in reducing body weight. Exercise, on the other hand, was more effective in reducing adipose depots and muscle triglycerides, favorably altering muscle/liver desaturase activity and improving insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Gopalan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - Swee Shean Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - K N Bhanu Prakash
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jadegoud Yaligar
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bin Zhu
- Takeda Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore
| | - Takashi Horiguchi
- Molecular Imaging Centre, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - S Sendhil Velan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
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9
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Bhanu Prakash KN, Verma SK, Yaligar J, Goggi J, Gopalan V, Lee SS, Tian X, Sugii S, Leow MKS, Bhakoo K, Velan SS. Segmentation and characterization of interscapular brown adipose tissue in rats by multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Mater Phy 2016; 29:277-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s10334-015-0514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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10
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Liu N, Bone W, Velan SS, Doddapuneni K, Yaligar J, Thede KT, Moenning U, Shi X, Tian X, Petrova1 E, Nussbaum FV, Mumberg D, Brands M, Ziegelbauer K. Abstract 1129: How to develop ACC1 inhibitors targeting lipid metabolism and oncogenic signaling pathways effectively and safely. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although targeting lipogenesis for cancer treatment appears to have a strong rationale, drug discovery in this field has not been fully explored due to the lack of understanding the mode of action as well as the therapeutic window. We reported previously on a class of novel ACC inhibitors with potent and selective activity against human ACC1, an isoform overexpressed in many cancer types. These ACC inhibitors revealed strong anti-tumor activity, including induction of tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and tumor regression in vivo in a sub-set of tumor models. To further demonstrate the therapeutic potential of ACC inhibitors, we conducted a series of studies in xenograft mice and rat to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of ACC inhibitors and to characterize their safety profile. We report that breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers are among the most sensitive tumors to ACC inhibition. Interestingly, the anti-tumor kinetics correlated with reduction in palmitate levels without substantial changes in structural lipid components. In addition, a sub-type of KRAS mutation and activation of the Wnt pathway correlates with the sensitivity of tumors to ACC inhibitors. Treatment with ACC inhibitors at high doses caused an immediate decrease in food intake and followed with body weight loss. A clear correlation between the reduction of food intake and exposure of ACC inhibitor was observed. Upon withdrawing drug, the effect on food intake is restored. Therefore, we investigated intermittent dosing schedules and food effects on the tolerability and anti-tumor efficacy of ACC inhibitors. We could demonstrate that the tolerability was improved without compromising the efficacy compared to continuous treatment. Furthermore, feeding animals a high fat diet prevented body weight loss and meanwhile maintained the antitumor activity. These results indicate that strong reduction of food intake seems the cause of intolerability, which can be prevented and reversed either by intermittent dosing, or by exogenously supplementing with a high fat diet. Furthermore, for the first time we provided in vivo evidence that exogenous lipids could complement de novo lipogenesis inhibition in normal cells, while tumor growth requires lipogenesis irrespective of existing circulating lipids. In summary, these assessments provide scientific insights and strategy on how to best target tumor lipid metabolism and lipid signaling effectively and safely for cancer therapy.
Citation Format: Ningshu Liu, Wilhelm Bone, Sendhil S. Velan, Krishnarao Doddapuneni, Jadegoud Yaligar, Kai Thede Thede, Ursula Moenning, Xiaohe Shi, Xianfeng Tian, Elissaveta Petrova1, Franz von Nussbaum, Dominik Mumberg, Michael Brands, Karl Ziegelbauer. How to develop ACC1 inhibitors targeting lipid metabolism and oncogenic signaling pathways effectively and safely. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1129. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1129
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11
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Teoh WW, Xie M, Vijayaraghavan A, Yaligar J, Tong WM, Goh LK, Sabapathy K. Molecular characterization of hepatocarcinogenesis using mouse models. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:743-53. [PMID: 26035378 PMCID: PMC4486853 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.017624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly disease, often unnoticed until the late stages, when treatment options become limited. Thus, there is a crucial need to identify biomarkers for early detection of developing HCC, as well as molecular pathways that would be amenable to therapeutic intervention. Although analysis of human HCC tissues and serum components may serve these purposes, inability of early detection also precludes possibilities of identification of biomarkers or pathways that are sequentially perturbed at earlier phases of disease progression. We have therefore explored the option of utilizing mouse models to understand in a systematic and longitudinal manner the molecular pathways that are progressively deregulated by various etiological factors in contributing to HCC formation, and we report the initial findings in characterizing their validity. Hepatitis B surface antigen transgenic mice, which had been exposed to aflatoxin B1 at various stages in life, were used as a hepatitis model. Our findings confirm a synergistic effect of both these etiological factors, with a gender bias towards males for HCC predisposition. Time-based aflatoxin B1 treatment also demonstrated the requirement of non-quiescent liver for effective transformation. Tumors from these models with various etiologies resemble human HCCs histologically and at the molecular level. Extensive molecular characterization revealed the presence of an 11-gene HCC-expression signature that was able to discern transformed human hepatocytes from primary cells, regardless of etiology, and from other cancer types. Moreover, distinct molecular pathways appear to be deregulated by various etiological agents en route to formation of HCCs, in which common pathways converge, highlighting the existence of etiology-specific as well as common HCC-specific molecular perturbations. This study therefore highlights the utility of these mouse models, which provide a rich resource for the longitudinal analysis of molecular changes and biomarkers associated with HCC that could be exploited further for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei Teoh
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, 169610, Singapore
| | - Min Xie
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, 169610, Singapore
| | - Aadhitthya Vijayaraghavan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Jadegoud Yaligar
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, 138667, Singapore
| | - Wei Min Tong
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College 5, Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Liang Kee Goh
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Kanaga Sabapathy
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, 169610, Singapore Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
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Miranda DA, Kim JH, Nguyen LN, Cheng W, Tan BC, Goh VJ, Tan JSY, Yaligar J, Kn BP, Velan SS, Wang H, Silver DL. Fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2 is required for normal fat storage in adipose tissue. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9560-72. [PMID: 24519944 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.547687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triglycerides within the cytosol of cells are stored in a phylogenetically conserved organelle called the lipid droplet (LD). LDs can be formed at the endoplasmic reticulum, but mechanisms that regulate the formation of LDs are incompletely understood. Adipose tissue has a high capacity to form lipid droplets and store triglycerides. Fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FITM2/FIT2) is highly expressed in adipocytes, and data indicate that FIT2 has an important role in the formation of LDs in cells, but whether FIT2 has a physiological role in triglyceride storage in adipose tissue remains unproven. Here we show that adipose-specific deficiency of FIT2 (AF2KO) in mice results in progressive lipodystrophy of white adipose depots and metabolic dysfunction. In contrast, interscapular brown adipose tissue of AF2KO mice accumulated few but large LDs without changes in cellular triglyceride levels. High fat feeding of AF2KO mice or AF2KO mice on the genetically obese ob/ob background accelerated the onset of lipodystrophy. At the cellular level, primary adipocyte precursors of white and brown adipose tissue differentiated in vitro produced fewer but larger LDs without changes in total cellular triglyceride or triglyceride biosynthesis. These data support the conclusion that FIT2 plays an essential, physiological role in fat storage in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Miranda
- From the Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and
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13
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Pola A, Sadananthan SA, Yaligar J, Nagarajan V, Han W, Kuchel PW, Velan SS. Skeletal muscle lipid metabolism studied by advanced magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 2012; 65:66-76. [PMID: 22781315 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Pola
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore
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14
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Yaligar J, Thakur SB, Bokacheva L, Carlin S, Thaler HT, Rizwan A, Lupu ME, Wang Y, Matei CC, Zakian KL, Koutcher JA. Lactate MRSI and DCE MRI as surrogate markers of prostate tumor aggressiveness. NMR Biomed 2012; 25:113-122. [PMID: 21618306 PMCID: PMC3985132 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies of lactate MRSI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were performed at 4.7 T in two prostate tumor models grown in rats, Dunning R3327-AT (AT) and Dunning R3327-H (H), to determine the potential of lactate and the perfusion/permeability parameter Ak(ep) as markers of tumor aggressiveness. Subcutaneous AT (n = 12) and H (n = 6) tumors were studied at different volumes between 100 and 2900 mm(3) (Groups 1-5). Lactate concentration was determined using selective multiple quantum coherence MRSI with the phantom substitution method. Tumor enhancement after the administration of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid was analyzed using the Brix-Hoffmann model and the Ak(ep) parameter was used as a measure of tumor perfusion/permeability. Lactate was not detected in the smallest AT tumors (Group 1; 100-270 mm(3) ). In larger AT tumors, the lactate concentration increased from 2.8 ± 1.0 mm (Group 2; 290-700 mm(3)) to 8.4 ± 2.9 mm (Group 3; 1000-1340 mm(3)) and 8.2 ± 2.2 mm (Group 4; 1380-1750 mm(3) ), and then decreased to 5.0 ± 1.7 mm (Group 5; 1900-2500 mm(3)), and was consistently higher in the tumor core than in the rim. Lactate was not detected in any of the H tumors. The mean tumor Ak(ep) values decreased with increasing volume in both tumor types, but were significantly higher in H tumors. In AT tumors, the Ak(ep) values were significantly higher in the rim than in the core. Histological hypoxic and necrotic fractions in AT tumors increased with volume from 0% in Group 1 to about 20% and 30%, respectively, in Group 5. Minimal amounts of hypoxia and necrosis were found in H tumors of all sizes. Thus, the presence of lactate and heterogeneous perfusion/permeability are signatures of aggressive, metabolically deprived tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yaligar
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
| | - S B Thakur
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiology, New York, NY, United States
| | - L Bokacheva
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
| | - S Carlin
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
| | - H T Thaler
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY, United States
| | - A Rizwan
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
| | - M E Lupu
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
| | - C C Matei
- Department of Radiology, New York, NY, United States
| | - K L Zakian
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiology, New York, NY, United States
| | - J A Koutcher
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiology, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Thakur SB, Yaligar J, Koutcher JA. In vivo lactate signal enhancement using binomial spectral-selective pulses in selective MQ coherence (SS-SelMQC) spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 2009; 62:591-8. [PMID: 19526486 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor vasculature and tissue oxygen pressure can influence tumor growth, metastases, and patient survival. Elevated levels of lactate may be observed during the process of aggressive tumor development accompanied by angiogenesis (the evolution of the microenvironment). The noninvasive MR detection of lactate in tumor tissues as a potential biomarker is difficult due to the presence of co-resonating lipids that are present at high concentrations. Methods were previously reported for lactate editing using the SELective Multiple Quantum Coherence (SelMQC) method. Here we report a sequence "SS-SelMQC," Spectral-Selective SelMQC, which is a modified version of SelMQC using binomial pulses. Binomial pulses were employed in this editing sequence for frequency excitation or inversion of selective lactate resonances. Lactate detection has been demonstrated using SS-SelMQC, both in vitro (30 mM lactate/H(2)O doped with 25 microM Gd-DTPA) and in vivo (Dunning R3337-AT prostate tumors), and compared to similar measurements made with SelMQC. Lactate areas were measured from nonlocalized spectra, one-dimensional (1D) localized spectra, and two-dimensional chemical shift images (CSI) of the localized slice. In data from whole phantoms, the modified pulse sequence yielded enhancement of the lactate signal of 2.4 +/- 0.40 times compared to SelMQC. Similar in vivo lactate signal enhancement of 2.3 +/- 0.24 times was observed in 1D slice-localized experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Thakur
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.
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