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Omar H, Busolo D, Hickey J, Gupta N. Health Resilience in Arabic-speaking Adult Refugees With Type 2 Diabetes: A Grounded Theory Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Can J Diabetes 2024; 48:82-88. [PMID: 37865167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.10.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This qualitative study aimed to describe the lived experiences of Arabic-speaking refugees in managing their type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) while resettling during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to generate a grounded theory of how resilience is used to facilitate living well while facing multiple health stressors. METHODS A grounded theory approach was used to conceptualize the dynamic process of resilience in living well with diabetes. Five recently resettled adult refugees with T2DM (2 women and 3 men) participated in unstructured individual interviews in Arabic in New Brunswick, Canada, during the pandemic's second wave (October 2020 to March 2021). Interview data were transcribed and analyzed thematically using open, axial, and core category coding followed by member checking. RESULTS Participants identified self-reliance as the core driver for decision-making, actions, and interpretations in health management while experiencing unplanned instability. The process was found to be facilitated by 4 distinct constructs: knowledge seeking, positive outlook, self-care, and creativity. CONCLUSIONS The substantive model derived from this study supports a strengths-based approach to clinical assessment and care of refugees with T2DM, notably during disrupted access to primary and preventive services due to forced resettlement and pandemic mitigation measures. More research is needed to increase understanding of how self-reliance can be optimized in resilience-promoting interventions to facilitate diabetes management among populations in posttraumatic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanin Omar
- Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
| | - David Busolo
- Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Jason Hickey
- Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Neeru Gupta
- Department of Sociology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
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2
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Fotopoulou C, Hall M, Lord R, Miller R, Sundar S, Roebuck N, Fildes L, Wesselbaum A, McCormack S, Hickey J, Ledermann J. Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals on the Management and Treatment of Advanced Ovarian Cancer in the UK: Results From the KNOW-OC Survey. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:e1-e10. [PMID: 37923688 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS New treatment options for advanced ovarian cancer have the potential to significantly change the treatment pathway in the UK. Understanding the structures and responsibilities of multidisciplinary teams/tumour boards (MDT) and regional variations will enable services to adapt more effectively to these changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The KNOW-OC survey was conducted in 2020 to understand the views of a selected group of 66 healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in advanced ovarian cancer care in UK hospitals. RESULTS The results showed that MDT involvement in the management of advanced ovarian cancer varied depending on pathway stage and line of relapse, with 98.5% of HCPs responding that the MDT was involved in decisions at initial presentation, but only 40.9% for patients with multiple relapses. The MDT was mostly responsible for determining whether the patients would undergo primary or interval cytoreductive surgery according to 75.8% of respondents, and most HCPs (80.3%) stated that tumour dissemination patterns were the most important factor influencing this decision. The most commonly assessed biomarkers at the time of the survey were CA125, gBRCA and tBRCA. Homologous recombination deficiency was viewed as the second most important factor for determining prognosis, but few centres had access to testing at the time of survey completion. The use of active surveillance was expected to decrease in favour of first-line targeted therapies. Nearly all (98.5%) HCPs agreed there is a role for secondary cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of recurrence (for carefully selected patients). CONCLUSIONS The results highlighted UK-specific geographical variation in the views of HCPs on MDT involvement and specific practices, such as molecular biomarker testing, and the overall treatment approach. Together, these findings improve the understanding of reported clinical practice across the UK for ovarian cancer and provide insight into decision-making associated with updates to recommendations for best practice (e.g. European Society for Medical Oncology/European Society of Gynaecological Oncology consensus statements) and the introduction of new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fotopoulou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
| | - M Hall
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK
| | - R Lord
- Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Miller
- University College London, London, UK
| | - S Sundar
- Pan Birmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J Ledermann
- University College London Cancer Institute and UCL Hospitals, London, UK
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Barrett R, Beerworth K, Bourne M, Collings T, Diamond L, du Moulin W, Hickey J, Timmins R. Risk factors for ACL, hamstring strain, and hip/groin injuries in elite Australian female footballers: A prospective study. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ali U, Pavey W, Hickey J, Chitnis S, Ludewick H, Abbot S, Gupta A, Ho K. R43 Using Shear Wave Elastography to Characterise Ischaemic Contracture in Rodent Hearts. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mitchell JA, Eck C, Hickey J, Huffnagle N, Fiks AG, Zemel BS, Dinges DF, Williamson AA. 0952 Parent-Child Perceptions About Healthy Sleep Promotion in a Mobile Health Sleep Extension Intervention. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Over half of school-aged children sleep insufficiently and sleep promoting interventions are urgently needed. To effectively promote pediatric sleep health, it is critical to obtain feedback from youth and their families about acceptable intervention strategies. This qualitative study examined perceptions about healthy sleep promotion in parent-child dyads participating in a mobile health sleep extension intervention.
Methods
A total of 26 parent-child dyads (child mean age 11 years, SD = 0.67; 46% non-Latinx White; 19% Black) participated in a mobile intervention to extend child sleep duration over 11 weeks (2-week baseline; 7-week intervention; 2-week follow-up). Participants wore a FitBit during the study, were provided with a sleep duration goal, and received general sleep health-promoting electronic messages using the University of Pennsylvania’s Way to Health platform. Following the intervention, parents and their children separately completed a semi-structured telephone interview to capture perceptions of the intervention strategies. Three coders developed a codebook using an inductive approach to identify emergent themes and conducted coding in NVivo.
Results
Emergent themes fell into domains of intervention acceptability/feasibility and barriers. Mobile messaging about the child’s sleep duration goal was well-received, although child participants in particular desired more personalized messaging, with sleep promotion targeted to their specific sleep habits. Parents and children both discussed ancillary benefits to intervention participation, including an enhanced focus on sleep. Barriers to sleep extension during the intervention and maintenance of any gains post-intervention were related to: competing child academic, social, and extracurricular demands; family factors (work schedules; family rules and norms); and the challenges of limiting ubiquitous electronic devices.
Conclusion
Despite high parent-child acceptability of a mobile child sleep extension intervention, individual and contextual barriers may limit long-term adherence. Tailoring healthy sleep messages to target these factors could improve sustained benefits to child sleep.
Support
Sleep Research Society Foundation and K23HD094905 (AAW); NIH/NCATS UL1TR001878 (JAM and DFD) and K01HL123612 (JAM).
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Mitchell
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - C Eck
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J Hickey
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - N Huffnagle
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A G Fiks
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B S Zemel
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - D F Dinges
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A A Williamson
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Abstract
Background: Across the world, people with mental health disorders experience various levels of stigma. Service users can provide valuable insight into the nature and extent of this stigma. In Qatar, mental health stigma was not well studied previously. Methods: This study was part of mixed-methodology research. The research team conducted interviews in English or Arabic with outpatient mental health clinic attendees who participated in a quantitative survey in Qatar. For the qualitative part of the study, the interview guide was developed after the results were analyzed for the pilot phase of a national quantitative survey that engaged nurses, physicians, patients, and family members in discussions about mental health stigma. All interviews were recorded and transcribed for coding and thematic analysis. Arabic-language interviews were translated into English by a certified translation service. A framework was developed, which eventually included eight main themes and five sub-themes relating to perceptions of mental illness, stigma, and avoidance of stigma. Results: Seven people, all with previous mental health diagnoses, were included in the qualitative study. The participants described instances of stigma. Most of them did not disclose their mental health diagnoses to others. Stigma among the participants was often experienced by proxy. Stigma towards mental disorders in Qatar was believed to be caused by poor understanding of these diagnoses, media portrayals of persons with mental disorders, and perceptions arising from cultural/religious beliefs. Modifying lifestyles and concealing diagnosis helped the participants to avoid stigma within Qatar. Conclusions: All the participants believed that mental illness diagnoses carried social stigma. Most of them described efforts to avoid disclosing mental health diagnoses to others based on a fear of negative social consequences. These findings offer insight into the perceptions of service users in Qatar towards stigma and self-stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Hickey
- 2University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Hanin Omar
- 1University of Calgary in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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Hickey J, Opar D, Timmins R, Behan F, Beerworth K, Hulm S. Hamstring strain injury prevention, rehabilitation and sports performance. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jiang J, Sell D, Hoyer S, Hickey J, Yang J, Fan JA. Free-Form Diffractive Metagrating Design Based on Generative Adversarial Networks. ACS Nano 2019; 13:8872-8878. [PMID: 31314492 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A key challenge in metasurface design is the development of algorithms that can effectively and efficiently produce high-performance devices. Design methods based on iterative optimization can push the performance limits of metasurfaces, but they require extensive computational resources that limit their implementation to small numbers of microscale devices. We show that generative neural networks can train from images of periodic, topology-optimized metagratings to produce high-efficiency, topologically complex devices operating over a broad range of deflection angles and wavelengths. Further iterative optimization of these designs yields devices with enhanced robustness and efficiencies, and these devices can be utilized as additional training data for network refinement. In this manner, generative networks can be trained, with a one-time computation cost, and used as a design tool to facilitate the production of near-optimal, topologically complex device designs. We envision that such data-driven design methodologies can apply to other physical sciences domains that require the design of functional elements operating across a wide parameter space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Jiang
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - David Sell
- Department of Applied Physics , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Stephan Hoyer
- Google AI Applied Science , Mountain View , California 94043 , United States
| | - Jason Hickey
- Google AI Applied Science , Mountain View , California 94043 , United States
| | - Jianji Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Jonathan A Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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Pavey W, Hickey J, Chitnis S, Ali U, Gupta A, Abbott S, Ludewick H. Using Shear Wave Elastography to Characterise Ischaemic Contracture in Rodent Hearts. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Timmins R, Filopoulos D, Ruddy J, Maniar N, Hickey J, Giannakis J, Nguyen V, Opar D. Eccentric hamstring training in elite AFL athletes promotes improvements in lower limb strength. J Sci Med Sport 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Field BCT, Nayar R, Kilvert A, Baxter M, Hickey J, Cummings M, Bain SC. A retrospective observational study of people with Type 1 diabetes with self-reported severe hypoglycaemia reveals high level of ambulance attendance but low levels of therapy change and specialist intervention. Diabet Med 2018; 35:1223-1231. [PMID: 29766565 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of severe hypoglycaemia on NHS resources and overall glycaemic control in adults with Type 1 diabetes. METHODS An observational, retrospective study of adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with Type 1 diabetes reporting one or more episodes of severe hypoglycaemia during the preceding 24 months in 10 NHS hospital diabetes centres in England and Wales. The primary outcome was healthcare resource utilization associated with severe hypoglycaemia. Secondary outcomes included demographic and clinical characteristics, diabetes control and pathway of care. RESULTS Some 140 episodes of severe hypoglycaemia were reported by 85 people during the 2-year observation period. Ambulances were called in 99 of 140 (71%) episodes and Accident and Emergency attendance occurred in 26 of 140 (19%) episodes, whereas 29 of 140 (21%) episode required no immediate help from healthcare providers. Participants attended a median of 5 (range 0-58) diabetes clinic consultations during the observation period; 13% (70 of 552) of all consultations were severe hypoglycaemia-related. Of the HbA1c measurements recorded closest prior to severe hypoglycaemia (n = 119), only 7 of 119 measurements were < 48 mmol/mol (< 6.5%) and mean HbA1c was 70 (sd 19) mmol/mol (8.5%, sd 1.7%). Some 119 changes to diabetes treatment were recorded during the observation period (median/person 0;, range 0-11), of which 52 of 119 changes (44%) followed severe hypoglycaemic events. CONCLUSIONS We observed a high level of ambulance service intervention but surprisingly low levels of hypoglycaemia follow-up, therapy change and specialist intervention in people self-reporting severe hypoglycaemia. These results suggest there may be important gaps in care pathways for people with Type 1 diabetes self-reporting severe hypoglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C T Field
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, East Surrey Hospital, Surrey & Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - R Nayar
- Endocrinology, Sunderland Royal Hospital, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK
| | - A Kilvert
- Diabetes Centre, Northampton General Hospital, Northampton NHS Trust, Northampton, UK
| | - M Baxter
- Medical Affairs - Diabetes, Sanofi, Guildford, UK
| | | | - M Cummings
- Diabetes Centre, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - S C Bain
- Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
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Hickey J, Timmins R, Maniar N, Rio E, Naughton G, Williams M, Opar D. Pain-free vs pain-threshold rehabilitation for acute hamstring strain injury: A randomised controlled trial. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Hickey J, Hickey P, Maniar N, Timmins R, Opar D. Novel and clinically practical measures of hamstring strength: The HamSling reliability and retrospective study. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Hickey J, Gagnon AJ, Jitthai N. Pandemic preparedness: perceptions of vulnerable migrants in Thailand towards WHO-recommended non-pharmaceutical interventions: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:665. [PMID: 24973943 PMCID: PMC4090173 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) constituted the principal public health response to the previous influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic and are one key area of ongoing preparation for future pandemics. Thailand is an important point of focus in terms of global pandemic preparedness and response due to its role as the major transportation hub for Southeast Asia, the endemic presence of multiple types of influenza, and its role as a major receiving country for migrants. Our aim was to collect information about vulnerable migrants’ perceptions of and ability to implement NPIs proposed by the WHO. We hope that this information will help us to gauge the capacity of this population to engage in pandemic preparedness and response efforts, and to identify potential barriers to NPI effectiveness. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed. The study was conducted during the influenza H1N1 2009 pandemic and included 801 migrant participants living in border areas thought to be high risk by the Thailand Ministry of Public Health. Data were collected by Migrant Community Health Workers using a 201-item interviewer-assisted questionnaire. Univariate descriptive analyses were conducted. Results With the exception of border measures, to which nearly all participants reported they would be adherent, attitudes towards recommended NPIs were generally negative or uncertain. Other potential barriers to NPI implementation include limited experience applying these interventions (e.g., using a thermometer, wearing a face mask) and inadequate hand washing and household disinfection practices. Conclusions Negative or ambivalent attitudes towards NPIs combined with other barriers identified suggest that vulnerable migrants in Thailand have a limited capacity to participate in pandemic preparedness efforts. This limited capacity likely puts migrants at risk of propagating the spread of a pandemic virus. Coordinated risk communication and public education are potential strategies that may reduce barriers to individual NPI implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hickey
- University of Calgary in Qatar, PO Box 23133, Doha, Qatar.
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Opar D, Williams M, Timmins R, Hickey J, Duhig S, Shield A. ECCENTRIC HAMSTRING STRENGTH DURING THE NORDIC HAMSTRING EXERCISES IS A RISK FACTOR FOR HAMSTRING STRAIN INJURY IN ELITE AUSTRALIAN FOOTBALL: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. Br J Sports Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093494.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Crossa J, Pérez P, Hickey J, Burgueño J, Ornella L, Cerón-Rojas J, Zhang X, Dreisigacker S, Babu R, Li Y, Bonnett D, Mathews K. Genomic prediction in CIMMYT maize and wheat breeding programs. Heredity (Edinb) 2013; 112:48-60. [PMID: 23572121 PMCID: PMC3860161 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2013.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic selection (GS) has been implemented in animal and plant species, and is regarded as a useful tool for accelerating genetic gains. Varying levels of genomic prediction accuracy have been obtained in plants, depending on the prediction problem assessed and on several other factors, such as trait heritability, the relationship between the individuals to be predicted and those used to train the models for prediction, number of markers, sample size and genotype × environment interaction (GE). The main objective of this article is to describe the results of genomic prediction in International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center's (CIMMYT's) maize and wheat breeding programs, from the initial assessment of the predictive ability of different models using pedigree and marker information to the present, when methods for implementing GS in practical global maize and wheat breeding programs are being studied and investigated. Results show that pedigree (population structure) accounts for a sizeable proportion of the prediction accuracy when a global population is the prediction problem to be assessed. However, when the prediction uses unrelated populations to train the prediction equations, prediction accuracy becomes negligible. When genomic prediction includes modeling GE, an increase in prediction accuracy can be achieved by borrowing information from correlated environments. Several questions on how to incorporate GS into CIMMYT's maize and wheat programs remain unanswered and subject to further investigation, for example, prediction within and between related bi-parental crosses. Further research on the quantification of breeding value components for GS in plant breeding populations is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Crossa
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico, Mexico
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Huang W, Paquet A, Sivaraman S, Pesano R, Goodman L, Sherwood T, Lie Y, Hickey J, Walworth C, Haddad M, Anderson S, Bates M, Weidler J. P1-07-12: Assessment of Real World HER2 Status by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) in Breast Cancers: Comparison with HERmark®, a Validated Quantitative Measure of HER2 Protein Expression. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p1-07-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Accurate assessment of the HER2 status is critical in determining appropriate therapy for patients with invasive breast cancer. ASCO/CAP HER2 testing guidelines caution that up to 20% of routine HER2 testing by IHC/FISH may be unreliable (Wolff et al. JCO 2007;25:118). The HERmark assay is a novel quantitative HER2 protein measurement for determining HER2 status in breast cancer. Central HER2 testing showed high concordance (96-98%) with HERmark for positive and negative categories when equivocal subsets were excluded (Huang et al. Am J Clin Pathol 2010;134:303; Joensuu et al, 2008 SABCS, abstract 2071). In this study, we examined concordance between HERmark and routine HER2 testing by IHC and FISH from “real world” formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancers submitted commercially for HERmark testing.
Methods: 717 HERmark results on FFPE breast cancers tested from 2008 to 2010 and corresponding HER2 IHC/FISH results were reviewed. The IHC and FISH results, per pathology reports submitted at the time of HERmark testing, were compared to HERmark categorical (negative, equivocal, positive) results.
Results: 590 (419) samples had IHC (FISH) and HERmark results available. Of these cases, 92% (94%) were either negative or equivocal by IHC (FISH). The HERmark testing reported 33% HERmark negative, 33% HERmark equivocal and 34% HERmark positive. Comparisons of HER2 status by IHC and FISH vs. HERmark are detailed in Table 1.
19% of cases classified as IHC 0 or 1+ were positive by HERmark; 35% classified as FISH negative were HERmark positive. Of the 158 triple negative cases by IHC/FISH (ER, PR and HER2 negative, data not shown), 38 (24%) were reclassified as HER2 positive by HERmark.
Conclusions: Higher than expected discordance between HER2 IHC/FISH and the HERmark assay was observed in this study compared with central HER2 testing of prior study cohorts. Selection bias may have impacted these results as ≥ 92% of cases submitted for HERmark testing were either equivocal or negative by routine HER2 IHC/FISH.
Central HER2 FISH retesting of these samples will be performed and compared with HERmark results to further evaluate the discordance observed in this analysis.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Huang
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - A Paquet
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - S Sivaraman
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - R Pesano
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - L Goodman
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - T Sherwood
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - Y Lie
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - J Hickey
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - C Walworth
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - M Haddad
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - S Anderson
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - M Bates
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - J Weidler
- 1Monogram Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE; Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA; Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA
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Merry L, Gagnon AJ, Hemlin I, Clarke H, Hickey J. Cross-border movement and women's health: how to capture the data. Int J Equity Health 2011; 10:56. [PMID: 22104395 PMCID: PMC3235058 DOI: 10.1186/1475-9276-10-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The movement of women across international borders is occurring at greater rates than ever before, yet the relationship between migration and women's health has been under-explored. One reason may be difficulty measuring migration variables including country of birth, length of time in country, immigration status, language ability, and ethnicity. A range of social, environmental, cultural, and medical characteristics associated with the pre-, during- and post-migration phases are also important to consider. The objective of this paper is to present challenges and solutions in measuring migration and related variables via survey-like questionnaires administered to international migrant women. Methods The development, validation, and translation of two questionnaires subsequently applied in studies of migrant women during pregnancy, birth and postpartum were used as case examples to highlight related measurement issues. Results Challenges: (1) Measuring socio-cultural, medical and environmental variables across the pre-during-post migration phases (since questions must be framed so that data relating to each phase of migration are captured); (2) Obtaining data for complex patterns of migration (i.e., multiple movements between multiple destinations); and (3) answering long questions across a time continuum. Solutions: (1) Using interviewer-assisted rather than self-administered questions; (2) Adding probes and explanations to 'walk' participants through their migration experiences; (3) Identifying variables (e.g., trafficking) better captured using non-questionnaire data collection methods or better not collected (e.g., ethnicity) due to extreme variations in meaning. Conclusion Carefully constructed and translated survey questionnaires are practical tools for the collection of a breadth of migrant data. These data, including detailed accounts of countries lived in, length of time in those countries, immigration status, change in status, language fluency, and health insurance eligibility offer rich descriptions of the population under study and make research findings with regards to migration more interpretable. Analyses by a range of migration indicators are facilitated through survey-like questionnaire data of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Merry
- School of Nursing, McGill University, 3506 University St,, Montreal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada.
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19
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Hickey J, Gagnon AJ, Merry L. Partnering with migrant friendly organizations: a case example from a Canadian school of nursing. Nurse Educ Today 2010; 30:67-72. [PMID: 19581028 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 04/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide immigration to many high-income countries suggests that these countries' health care systems must become responsive to a more diverse population. Experiences working with newly arrived populations can provide healthcare students, professionals, and teachers, with valuable insight into the health and social conditions these newcomers face in both source and receiving countries. One way to gain this experience may be by developing partnerships between schools of nursing in receiving countries and international health organizations working in areas that are major migrant source regions for these countries. In this paper, we use a case example to describe, the process of identifying international, migrant-focused organizations, and the steps involved in developing partnerships with these organizations, for the implementation of a migrant health component in health professional curricula. After creating a set of criteria to evaluate partnership potential, we identified a list of international health organizations with whom we thought a partnership might be possible. Following application of our criteria, future work is being pursued with two organizations. Potential implications of this partnership include benefits to all parties involved that may help us move towards increased population and public health capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hickey
- McGill University, Wilson Hall, Room 207, 3506 University St., Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
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20
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Rogers S, Collier R, Clark E, Tanay M, Hickey J, Box C, Rhys-Evans P, Nutting C, Eccles S, Harrington K. PP127 INHANCE (Iressa™ Novel Head and Neck Chemotherapy Evaluation) randomised phase II trial: clinical findings and associated translational research into EGFR-related biomarkers in tumour and skin biopsies. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)72202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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21
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Heller LC, Jaroszeski MJ, Coppola D, McCray AN, Hickey J, Heller R. Optimization of cutaneous electrically mediated plasmid DNA delivery using novel electrode. Gene Ther 2006; 14:275-80. [PMID: 16988718 PMCID: PMC3266623 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The easy accessibility of skin makes it an excellent target for gene transfer protocols. To take advantage of skin as a target for gene transfer, it is important to establish an efficient and reproducible delivery system. Electroporation is an established technique for enhancing plasmid delivery to many tissues in vivo. A critical component of this technique is the electrode configuration. Electroporation parameters were optimized for transgene expression with minimal tissue damage with a novel electrode. The highest transgene expression and efficiency of individual cell transformation with minimal damage was produced with eight 150 ms pulses at field strength of 100 V/cm. This electrode design offers the potential for easier and more reproducible electrically mediated cutaneous plasmid delivery than the simple electrodes currently commercially available. This electrode can be a valuable tool in determining the applicability of electrically mediated cutaneous gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Heller
- Center for Molecular Delivery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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22
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Schwab AP, Hickey J, Hunter J, Banks MK. Characteristics of blast furnace slag leachate produced under reduced and oxidized conditions. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2006; 41:381-95. [PMID: 16484071 DOI: 10.1080/10934520500423527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory study was conducted to determine the environmental conditions necessary to reproduce leachates observed emerging from blast furnace slag acting as the foundation of highways in northwest Indiana. The leachates in the field are often highly alkaline with a pungent sulfur odor, a distinct green or milky-white in color, and sulfate concentrations exceeding 2,000 mg/L. Slag was equilibrated in the laboratory under both oxidized and anoxic environments and at various slag:water ratios. Constant anoxic conditions were required to produce to green colors in the slag, but high sulfate concentrations were observed only when the suspensions were fully oxidized. Leachate from the study site appears to form as a result of a series of complex chemical reactions including fluctuating oxidized and reduced conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Schwab
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Abstract
In general, genetic selection is applied after first calving to traits that manifest themselves during the animal's productive life, mostly during the early part of productive life. This selection policy has had undesirable correlated responses in other economically important traits, such as health and fertility, and may also have had an effect on the growth of animals both during productive life and before first calving. In this study, we analyzed the growth trajectory of dairy heifers that had been selected for maximum production of combined fat and protein (measured in kg; select line) or for average production (control line) in the United Kingdom. Before first calving, these divergent lines were managed as a single group. Select line heifers grew faster than did control line heifers. They were also heavier at first calving, but by the end of 3 lactations, the lines were not significantly different in live weight. Selection primarily for yield and for other traits has led to heifers that grow faster and reach higher growth rates earlier in life. A genetic analysis of birth, weaning, and calving weights yielded heritability estimates of 0.53 (birth weight), 0.45 (weaning weight), and 0.75 (calving weight). Confidence intervals for the genetic correlations between the traits indicated that these BW traits are not under the same genetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Coffey
- Sustainable Livestock Systems, Scottish Agricultural College, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
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Michalsky JJ, Dolce R, Dutton EG, Haeffelin M, Jeffries W, Stoffel T, Hickey J, Los A, Mathias D, McArthur LJB, Nelson D, Philipona R, Reda I, Rutledge K, Zerlaut G, Forgan B, Kiedron P, Long C, Gueymard C. Toward the development of a diffuse horizontal shortwave irradiance working standard. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Michalsky
- Surface Radiation Research Branch; Air Resources Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Dolce
- Kipp & Zonen, Inc.; Bohemia New York USA
| | - E. G. Dutton
- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Haeffelin
- Laboratorie de Meteorologie Dynamique; Ecole Polytechnique; Paris France
| | - W. Jeffries
- Yankee Environmental Systems, Inc.; Turners Falls Massachusetts USA
| | - T. Stoffel
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Golden Colorado USA
| | - J. Hickey
- Eppley Laboratory, Inc.; Newport Rhode Island USA
| | - A. Los
- Kipp & Zonen, Inc.; Bohemia New York USA
| | - D. Mathias
- Carter-Scott Design; Brunswick Victoria Australia
| | | | - D. Nelson
- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Philipona
- Physikalisch-Meterologisches Observatorium and World Radiation Center; Davos Switzerland
| | - I. Reda
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Golden Colorado USA
| | - K. Rutledge
- Langley Research Center; NASA; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - G. Zerlaut
- EKO Instruments Company, Ltd.; Tokyo Japan
| | - B. Forgan
- Bureau of Meteorology; Melbourne Australia
| | - P. Kiedron
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center; State University of New York; Albany USA
| | - C. Long
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland Washington USA
| | - C. Gueymard
- Solar Consulting Services; New Smyrna; Beach Florida USA
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25
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Pallé E, Goode PR, Yurchyshyn V, Qiu J, Hickey J, Montañés Rodriguez P, Chu M, Kolbe E, Brown CT, Koonin SE. Earthshine and the Earth's albedo: 2. Observations and simulations over 3 years. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Pallé
- Big Bear Solar ObservatoryNew Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
| | - P. R. Goode
- Big Bear Solar ObservatoryNew Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
- Also at W. K. Kellogs Radiation Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - V. Yurchyshyn
- Big Bear Solar ObservatoryNew Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
| | - J. Qiu
- Big Bear Solar ObservatoryNew Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
| | - J. Hickey
- Big Bear Solar ObservatoryNew Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
| | | | - M.‐C. Chu
- Department of PhysicsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - E. Kolbe
- Department für Physik and AstronomieUniversität Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - C. T. Brown
- W. K. Kellogs Radiation LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA
| | - S. E. Koonin
- W. K. Kellogs Radiation LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA
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26
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Rice CP, Chernyak SM, Begnoche L, Quintal R, Hickey J. Comparisons of PBDE composition and concentration in fish collected from the Detroit River, MI and Des Plaines River, IL. Chemosphere 2002; 49:731-737. [PMID: 12431009 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were identified in fish collected from the Detroit River, MI and Des Plaines Rivers, IL. In the Detroit River fish, carp and large mouth bass, the congener patterns were dominated by the 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromo (BDE-47) congener, however, in Des Plaines River carp the dominant isomers were the heptabromo congeners BDE-181 and BDE-183 and lesser amounts of another heptabromo congener, BDE-190, and two hexabromo congeners, BDE-154 and BDE-153. Three possible sources exist for these less-commonly identified PBDE congeners: (a) waste discharge from manufacturing or discarded products near the river, (b) public owned treatment work (POTW) effluents which constitute more than 75% of the flow in the Des Plaines River, (c) or formation of these congeners by debromination of in-place deposits of decabromodiphenyl ether. Average concentration totals (sum of concentrations for seven of the dominant PBDE congeners) were similar on a wet weight bases for the carp (5.39 ng/g wet weight) and large mouth bass (5.25 ng/g) in the Detroit River samples; however, the bass were significantly higher, p = 0.01, when compared on a lipid basis (bass--163 ng/g vs. carp--40.5 ng/g lipid weight). Some of the PBDE congeners were positively correlated with increasing lipid levels in both fish species. Average total PBDE concentrations in the carp from the Des Plaines River (12.48 ng/g wet weight) were significantly higher, p = 0.01, than in carp from the Detroit River. The residues were isolated using standard organochlorine methods for fish and analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-negative chemical ionization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Rice
- US Department of Agriculture, ARS-Beltsville, Environmental Quality Laboratory, MD 20705, USA.
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27
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Hickey J. Just the berries. Diagnosing Chlamydia trachomatis. Can Fam Physician 2001; 47:2229-30. [PMID: 11768920 PMCID: PMC2018469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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28
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Hickey J. Clinical diagnosis of acute sinusitis in adults. Can Fam Physician 2001; 47:959-60. [PMID: 11398728 PMCID: PMC2018494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hickey
- St Martha's Regional Hospital, Antigonish, NS
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29
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Sawyer RJ, Richmond MN, Jarratt J, Hickey J. A reply. Anaesthesia 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.01918-23.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Rappard S, Hickey J. Just the Berries. Use of CPAP and BiPAP in acute respiratory failure. Can Fam Physician 2001; 47:269-70. [PMID: 11228026 PMCID: PMC2016241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Rappard
- St Martha's Regional Hospital, Antigonish
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31
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Hickey J. Restless legs syndrome. Can Fam Physician 2000; 46:1762-3. [PMID: 11013794 PMCID: PMC2145031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hickey
- St Martha's Regional Hospital, Antigonish, NS
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Hickey J. Managing lower urinary tract infections. What is the best approach? Can Fam Physician 2000; 46:1577-8. [PMID: 10955175 PMCID: PMC2144769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hickey
- St Martha's Regional Hospital, Antigonish, NS
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34
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Hickey J. Bell's palsy: does anything help? Can Fam Physician 2000; 46:1293. [PMID: 10907567 PMCID: PMC2144933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hickey
- St Martha's Regional Hospital, Antigonish, NS
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35
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Hickey J. How accurate are they? Can Fam Physician 2000; 46:1059. [PMID: 10845131 PMCID: PMC2144895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Abstract
Electroporation is a physical event that temporarily reduces cell membrane barrier properties. Diminished membrane barrier properties are achieved by exposing cells to pulsed electric fields. When a cell has been treated with electric fields it is possible for extracellular agents to gain access to the cell interior. This process has been used in vivo to increase the uptake of chemotherapeutic agents by tumor cells which results in dramatically higher response rates than when drug is used alone. This type of treatment is called electrochemotherapy (ECT); bleomycin is most often used as the drug for this type of treatment. It was hypothesized that electroporation could be used to augment the cytotoxicity of other anticancer agents. Therefore, this study was performed in order to screen 44 different combinations of drug and cell type in vitro to identify drugs that may have higher cytotoxicity when combined with electroporation. Results from seven cell types indicate that the IC50 of bleomycin can be reduced by a factor of 100-5000 when electroporation is used to facilitate internalization. The IC50 values of cisplatin and carboplatin could be reduced by factors ranging from 3 to 13 in six different cell lines as a result of electroporation. These IC50 reductions in multiple cell lines suggest that cisplatin and carboplatin may be effective in vivo as part of ECT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Jaroszeski
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612-4799, USA.
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Abstract
An enzyme-based iodine (EBI) disinfectant that continuously generates free molecular iodine in a controlled fashion was developed and evaluated for use in disinfecting flexible fibreoptic endoscopes (FFEs). EBI is a powder concentrate that produces iodine from sodium iodide and calcium peroxide when catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase. After dissolution in water, it delivers relatively high concentrations of free molecular iodine (> 15 ppm) at relatively low concentrations of total iodine (30-40 ppm). It demonstrates the ability to function as an effective low level iodine disinfectant by rapidly inactivating bacteria, fungi and viruses. A unique feature of the EBI system is the ability to reoxidize reduced iodine which results in a constant level of active (free molecular) iodine during use. EBI inactivates Mycobacterium bovis var BCG more rapidly than 2% glutaraldehyde (Cidex-7). Its sporicidal activity, however, was found to be slower than the aldehyde formulation. The qualification of EBI for use as a practical disinfectant was shown by its negligible toxicity in dermal, ocular, oral and inhalation studies on animals, which is attributed to the low level of total iodine in the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Duan
- Symbollon Corporation, Inc., Framingham, MA 01702, USA
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McCrory DC, Matchar DB, Bastian L, Datta S, Hasselblad V, Hickey J, Myers E, Nanda K. Evaluation of cervical cytology. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ) 1999:1-6. [PMID: 11925972 PMCID: PMC4781480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Abstract
Horseradish peroxidase has been used to generate iodine compositions that comprised principally free molecular iodine. The concentration of free molecular iodine in these enzyme-based compositions ranged from 44 to 63% of the thiosulphate titratable iodine; this is substantially higher than the corresponding value for the povidone-iodine preparation betadine. The biocidal efficacy of these compositions was proportional to the concentration of free molecular iodine. Iodine compositions with relatively low total iodine concentrations but high levels of free molecular iodine (20-175 ppm) killed Staphylococcus aureus and spores of Bacillus subtilis more rapidly than betadine. The effects of normal saline and these enzyme-based iodine compositions on the rate of epidermal regeneration in superficial swine wounds were comparable. These results suggest that an effective germicide containing a high level of molecular iodine need not be irritating or toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hickey
- Symbollon Corporation, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
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Hickey J. Derbyshire thirteen working together. Br Dent J 1995; 178:204. [PMID: 7718343 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4808703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A group of 13 practices from Derbyshire saw the QDAs as a chance to improve upon their total service quality. Working in groups, and with their FHSA, they succeeded in improving their service and empowering their practice teams.
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Mozley PD, Zhu X, Kung HF, Selikson MH, Hickey J, Galloway S, Pfieffer N, Alavi A. The dosimetry of iodine-123-labeled TISCH: a SPECT imaging agent for the D1 dopamine receptor. J Nucl Med 1993; 34:208-13. [PMID: 8429338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
TISCH is an iodinated D1 specific dopamine receptor antagonist that may be useful as a SPECT imaging agent. This report documents its pharmacological safety in animals and its radiation dosimetry in humans. The dose of radiation that 123I-TISCH delivered to seven healthy subjects was estimated with the absorbed fraction technique. Conjugate images of the body were serially acquired for up to 24 hr after the administration of a known amount of activity. The count rates in the organs that could be visualized were measured on each image. These count rates were corrected for attenuation with 123I transmission scans. The doses to the other organs that did not take up enough activity to be visualized on the images were estimated with established models. The dosimetry was calculated for each subject individually before the results were averaged. Rapid biological washout minimizes the radiation exposure to most organs. The dose to the large bowel is limiting in healthy volunteers. The proximal colon receives about 0.67 rad/mCi (180 microGy/MBq) or about 5 rads for every 7.5 mCi of TISCH injected. This low radiation burden should make it feasible to study the D1 dopamine receptor in patients who have neuropsychiatric disorders before and after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Mozley
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Jones W, Morring K, Olenchock SA, Williams T, Hickey J. Environmental study of poultry confinement buildings. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1984; 45:760-6. [PMID: 6439021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental measurements were made in three poultry confinement buildings in order to characterize gas and particulate contaminants. Levels of total and respirable dust averaged 4.4 and 0.24 mg/m3, respectively. Particle size distribution as measured by cascade impactors was similar in the three confinement houses with a mass median aerodynamic diameter of about 15 microns and a geometric standard deviation of about 2.2. Ammonia levels measured in the active areas of the buildings averaged about 25 ppm. Ammonia concentration was quite high, however, in an unused and unventilated portion of one of the buildings (mean = 170 ppm). CO2 levels ranged from 0.05-0.1%. Levels of CO, H2S, NO2, NOx, CH4, mercaptan, formaldehyde, and hydrocarbons were all below the limit of detection for indicator tubes. Concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi were on average about 1.5 X 10(5) and 1.0 X 10(4) colony-forming units/m3, respectively. Endotoxin analysis was also performed on the total and respirable dust samples. Endotoxin levels (expressed in air concentration) ranged from 0.77 to 61 ng/m3 for total dust and from 0.71 to 15 ng/m3 for respirable dust. Endotoxin was also measured on the collection media from the individual impactor stages. Endotoxin was detected in all size ranges with the highest concentration of endotoxin per unit of dust found in the smallest (less than approximately 3.5 microns) size fraction. The endotoxin levels tend to be lower than those previously reported in poultry operations.
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Read DH, Edwards JC, Judkins KC, Hickey J. Nasotracheal tube for faciomaxillary surgery--a follow-up. Anaesthesia 1983; 38:601. [PMID: 6869729 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1983.tb14088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Read D, Edwards J, Judkins K, Hickey J. Nasotracheal tube for faciomaxillary surgery?a follow-up. Anaesthesia 1983. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1983.tb12135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hickey J. Health care system becoming public utility. Mich Med 1977; 76:274. [PMID: 865300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Smith WL, Hickey J, Howell HB, Jacobowitz H, Hilleary DT, Drummond AJ. Nimbus-6 earth radiation budget experiment. Appl Opt 1977; 16:306-318. [PMID: 20168487 DOI: 10.1364/ao.16.000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the Nimbus-6 earth radiation budget experiment including its prelaunch calibration and in-flight performance. A preliminary assessment of the data shows the ERB measurement of the solar constant to be 1392 W/m(2) which is 1.6% higher than the expected value of 1370 W/m(2). Both values are traceable to the cavity radiometer scale. There is a disagreement between the fixed wide-angle and scanning narrow-angle measurements of planetary outgoing longwave radiation flux. Since the scanning channels are calibrated in-flight and show good agreement with previous observations of the Nimbus-3 satellite, the discrepancy is believed to be due to erroneous wide-angle flux estimates. The erroneous estimates may be caused by the misinterpretation of the transfer function for the wide-angle-earth-flux sensing thermopile detectors when viewing the earth which, unlike the prelaunch calibration source, does not fill the field of view of the detector and is not an isotropic radiation source. A field of view factor for the wide-angle channels is determined using an in-flight calibration procedure using the night-time scanning channel longwave radiation flux measurements as the absolute standard. The planetary global albedoes, longwave radiation fluxes, and net radiation are about 30%, 240 W/m(2), and -4 W/m(2) for the months of July and August 1975, which is in good agreement with previous Nimbus-3 estimates.
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