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Rodriguez JM, Bae B. Political Ideology Direction of Policy Agendas and Maternal Mortality Outcomes in the U.S., 1915-2007. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:865-872. [PMID: 38165586 PMCID: PMC11001747 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The causes for persistently high and increasing maternal mortality rates in the United States have been elusive. METHODS We use the shift in the ideological direction of the Republican and the Democratic parties in the 1960s, to test the hypothesis that fluctuations in overall and race-specific maternal mortality rates (MMR) follow the power shifts between the parties before and after the Political Realignment (PR) of the 1960s. RESULTS Using time-series data analysis methods, we find that, net of trend, overall and race-specific MMRs were higher under Democratic administrations than Republican ones before the PR (1915-1965)-i.e., when the Democratic Party was a protector of the Jim Crow system. This pattern, however, changed after the PR (1966-2007), with Republican administrations underperforming Democratic ones-i.e., during the period when the Republican Party shifted toward a more economically and socially conservative agenda. The pre-post PR partisan shifts in MMRs were larger for Black (9.5%, p < . 01 ) relative to White mothers (7.4%, p < . 05 ) during the study period. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE These findings imply that parties and the ideological direction of their agendas substantively affect the social determinants of maternal health and produce politized health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Rodriguez
- Department of Politics & Government, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Byengseon Bae
- Department of Politics & Government, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA.
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Vetter J, Papa G, Tobler K, Rodriguez JM, Kley M, Myers M, Wiesendanger M, Schraner EM, Luque D, Burrone OR, Fraefel C, Eichwald C. The recruitment of TRiC chaperonin in rotavirus viroplasms correlates with virus replication. mBio 2024; 15:e0049924. [PMID: 38470055 PMCID: PMC11005421 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00499-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) replication takes place in the viroplasms, cytosolic inclusions that allow the synthesis of virus genome segments and their encapsidation in the core shell, followed by the addition of the second layer of the virion. The viroplasms are composed of several viral proteins, including NSP5, which serves as the main building block. Microtubules, lipid droplets, and miRNA-7 are among the host components recruited in viroplasms. We investigated the interaction between RV proteins and host components of the viroplasms by performing a pull-down assay of lysates from RV-infected cells expressing NSP5-BiolD2. Subsequent tandem mass spectrometry identified all eight subunits of the tailless complex polypeptide I ring complex (TRiC), a cellular chaperonin responsible for folding at least 10% of the cytosolic proteins. Our confirmed findings reveal that TRiC is brought into viroplasms and wraps around newly formed double-layered particles. Chemical inhibition of TRiC and silencing of its subunits drastically reduced virus progeny production. Through direct RNA sequencing, we show that TRiC is critical for RV replication by controlling dsRNA genome segment synthesis, particularly negative-sense single-stranded RNA. Importantly, cryo-electron microscopy analysis shows that TRiC inhibition results in defective virus particles lacking genome segments and polymerase complex (VP1/VP3). Moreover, TRiC associates with VP2 and NSP5 but not with VP1. Also, VP2 is shown to be essential for recruiting TRiC in viroplasms and preserving their globular morphology. This study highlights the essential role of TRiC in viroplasm formation and in facilitating virion assembly during the RV life cycle. IMPORTANCE The replication of rotavirus takes place in cytosolic inclusions termed viroplasms. In these inclusions, the distinct 11 double-stranded RNA genome segments are co-packaged to complete a genome in newly generated virus particles. In this study, we show for the first time that the tailless complex polypeptide I ring complex (TRiC), a cellular chaperonin responsible for the folding of at least 10% of the cytosolic proteins, is a component of viroplasms and is required for the synthesis of the viral negative-sense single-stranded RNA. Specifically, TRiC associates with NSP5 and VP2, the cofactor involved in RNA replication. Our study adds a new component to the current model of rotavirus replication, where TRiC is recruited to viroplasms to assist replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Vetter
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guido Papa
- Molecular Immunology Lab, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Kurt Tobler
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Javier M. Rodriguez
- Department of Structure of Macromolecules, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Kley
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Myers
- Proteomics Lab, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mahesa Wiesendanger
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth M. Schraner
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Luque
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Oscar R. Burrone
- Molecular Immunology Lab, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cornel Fraefel
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Rodriguez JM, Koo C, Di Pasquale G, Assari S. Black-White differences in perceived lifetime discrimination by education and income in the MIDUS Study in the U.S. J Biosoc Sci 2023; 55:795-811. [PMID: 36352755 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932022000360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence on the negative effects of perceived discrimination on health outcomes and their interactions with indicators of socioeconomic status. However, less has been studied on whether income and education lead individuals of a different race to encounter different discriminatory experiences in their lifetime. Using data from the national survey of the Midlife Development in the United States-MIDUS 1 (1995-1996) and MIDUS Refresher (2011-2014)-on eight measures of perceived lifetime discrimination, this study compares discriminatory experiences of Black and White persons in two time periods. We applied generalized structural equation models and generalized linear models to test multiplicative effects of income and education by race on lifetime discrimination. In both periods, we find substantive disparities between White and Black people in all types of lifetime discrimination, with Black people reporting much higher levels of discrimination. Such disparities exacerbated in the top cohorts of society, yet these associations have changed in time, with White individuals reporting increasing levels of discrimination. Results show that, for Black people in the mid-1990s, perceived discrimination increased as education and income increased. This finding persisted for education by the early 2010s; income effects changed as now both, low- and high-income Black people, reported the highest levels of discrimination. These findings highlight a policy conundrum, given that increasing income and education represent a desirable course of action to improve overall discrimination and health outcomes. Yet, we show that they may unintendingly exacerbate racial disparities in discrimination. We also show that the U.S. is moving toward a stagnation period in health outcomes improvement, with racial disparities in discrimination shrinking at the expense of a deterioration of whites' lifetime discriminatory experiences. Our results highlight the need for a multi-systems policy approach to prevent all forms of discrimination including those due to historical, institutional, legal, and sociopolitical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Rodriguez
- Claremont Graduate University, Department of Politics and Government, Claremont, United States
| | - Chungeun Koo
- Gachon University, Korea Inequality Research Lab, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Shervin Assari
- Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Department of Family Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
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Jiménez Benito J, Lacosta Asín V, de Las Heras Gómez de Liaño ME, Laria Ochaita C, Torres Moron J, Rodriguez JM. Strabismus and paediatric ophthalmology: Comments and thoughts. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2022; 97:593-594. [PMID: 36068134 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Jiménez Benito
- Sección Estrabismo, Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain.
| | - V Lacosta Asín
- Sección Estrabismo, Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | | | | | - J Torres Moron
- Sección Estrabismo, Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Sanitas La Moraleja, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Rodriguez
- Sección Estrabismo, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Rodriguez JM, Geronimus AT, Bound J, Wen R, Kinane CM. Partisan Control of U.S. State Governments: Politics as a Social Determinant of Infant Health. Am J Prev Med 2022; 62:1-8. [PMID: 34446314 PMCID: PMC10929005 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION State policies and programs affect population health; yet, little is known about the connections between health and the political institutions and actors that prescribe and execute those policies and programs. METHODS The 2-way fixed-effects regression models were fitted to data from the National Center for Health Statistics, 1969-2014, to estimate logged infant mortality rate differentials between Republican- and non-Republican‒controlled state legislatures. These data were used in 2020 to hypothesize that net of trend, fluctuations in infant mortality rates-overall and by race-correlate with the party that controls state legislatures (the Lower House, the Upper House, and Congress). RESULTS Findings show that state infant and postneonatal mortality rates are substantively higher under Republican-controlled state legislatures than under non-Republican‒controlled ones. The effect size is larger for postneonatal than for neonatal mortality. Findings suggest that effects may be greater for Black than for White infants, although the race-specific results are estimated imprecisely. The governor's party shows no substantive impacts on infant mortality rates net of party control of the Lower House. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the proposition that the social determinants of health are constructed, at least in part, by the power vested in governments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Rodriguez
- Department of Politics & Government, School of Social Science, Policy & Evaluation, Claremont, Graduate University, Claremont, California.
| | - Arline T Geronimus
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John Bound
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Economics, LSA College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rixin Wen
- Department of Politics & Government, School of Social Science, Policy & Evaluation, Claremont, Graduate University, Claremont, California
| | - Christina M Kinane
- Department of Political Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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Ye W, Rodriguez JM. Highly vulnerable communities and the Affordable Care Act: Health insurance coverage effects, 2010-2018. Soc Sci Med 2021; 270:113670. [PMID: 33450469 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Initially implemented in 2014 in some U.S. states, the Medicaid expansions under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) aimed to make health insurance coverage more accessible to the low-income population. This paper aims to quantify the impact of the ACA Medicaid expansions on insurance coverage among racial/ethnic minorities, immigrants, single mothers, veterans, and low-education whites-i.e., the sectors of the population identified with some of the highest healthcare needs. We focus on individuals 18-64 years of age earning 138% or less of the federal poverty level from the American Community Survey, 2010-2018 (n = 2,927,402). We use difference-in-differences (DD) and difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) approaches with propensity scores matched comparison groups to estimate pre-post ACA insurance coverage differences between individuals living in states that participated in the ACA Medicaid expansions and those living in non-participating states, and to estimate if such differences vary across subgroups. We find that insurance coverage rates increased for all subgroups; yet, the ACA benefits have not been evenly distributed across them. Low-education whites, non-Hispanic whites, females, and non-Hispanic Native Americans exhibited the highest improvements in insurance coverage. Our results contribute to the understanding of recent trends in racial and socioeconomic disparities in healthcare and the appropriate policy prescriptions to ameliorate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ye
- Claremont Graduate University, United States
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7
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Rodriguez JM. The politics hypothesis and racial disparities in infants' health in the United States. SSM Popul Health 2019; 8:100440. [PMID: 31334324 PMCID: PMC6617336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose the politics hypothesis-i.e., the hypothesis that political forces comprise either a powerful predecessor of the social determinants of health or are essential social determinants of health themselves. We examine the hypothesis that political actors like presidents, their ideology, and institutions like the political parties they represent shape overall and race-specific health outcomes. Using census and Vital Statistics data among many other sources, we apply both theory- and data-driven statistical methods to assess the role of the president's party and the president's political ideology as predictors of overall and race-specific infant mortality in the United States, 1965-2010. We find that, net of trend, Republican presidencies and socially-conservative ideology of U.S. presidents are strongly associated with slower declines of infant mortality rates, overall and for white and black infants, compared to Democratic and socially-liberal presidents in the U.S. Approximately half (46%) of the white-black infant mortality gap, about 20,000 additional infant deaths, and most if not all the infant mortality rate gap between the U.S. and the rest of the developed world, can be attributed to the 28 years of Republican administrations during the study period. These findings are consistent with the politicization of public health and the conceptualization of politics as a powerful predecessor, in the causal chain, of the social determinants of health. Understanding the political ideological and institutional contexts in which health policies and healthcare and welfare programs are implemented, as well as how governments construct culture and social psychology, provide a more comprehensive framework for understanding and improving population patterns of disease, mortality, and entrenched racial disparities in health in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M. Rodriguez
- Department of Politics and Government, Inequality and Policy Research Center, Institute for Democratic Renewal, Claremont Graduate University, USA
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8
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Rodriguez JM. Assemblage structure of ichthyoplankton in the NE Atlantic in spring under contrasting hydrographic conditions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8636. [PMID: 31201363 PMCID: PMC6570653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ichthyoplankton assemblage in the Atlantic region off the NW Iberian peninsula (AR) and in the southern Bay of Biscay (SBB) and the response of the larval fish species distribution to the relatively rapidly changing hydrographic conditions in spring 2010 were studied using two ichthyoplankton cruises. The SBB showed a more abundant and diverse ichthyoplankton assemblage than the AR, although the larval fish assemblage (LFA) was structured into on-shelf and off-shelf assemblages in both regions. Inter-sampling variability related to downwelling/upwelling regimes was observed in the cross-shelf assemblage distribution in the SBB but not in the AR. This suggests that LFA distributions in the area of this study are good indicators of downwelling and weak coastal upwelling regimes but not of relatively strong coastal upwelling or upwelling filaments. Although depth was identified by multivariate analyses as being the most important variable explaining larval fish species distributions, a shelf-breakfront in the SBB and the surface offshore (onshore) flows associated with coastal downwelling (upwelling) in the AR seems to have been key in defining and maintaining assemblage boundaries. Results of this study should also encourage marine research institutions to use routine ichthyoplankton sampling to monitor fish communities and their responses to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Rodriguez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía. Centro Oceanográfico da Gijón, Avda. Principe de Asturias 70Bis, 33212, Gijón, Spain.
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Geronimus AT, Bound J, Waidmann TA, Rodriguez JM, Timpe B. Weathering, Drugs, and Whack-a-Mole: Fundamental and Proximate Causes of Widening Educational Inequity in U.S. Life Expectancy by Sex and Race, 1990-2015. J Health Soc Behav 2019; 60:222-239. [PMID: 31190569 PMCID: PMC6684959 DOI: 10.1177/0022146519849932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Discussion of growing inequity in U.S. life expectancy increasingly focuses on the popularized narrative that it is driven by a surge of "deaths of despair." Does this narrative fit the empirical evidence? Using census and Vital Statistics data, we apply life-table methods to calculate cause-specific years of life lost between ages 25 and 84 by sex and educational rank for non-Hispanic blacks and whites in 1990 and 2015. Drug overdoses do contribute importantly to widening inequity for whites, especially men, but trivially for blacks. The contribution of suicide to growing inequity is unremarkable. Cardiovascular disease, non-lung cancers, and other internal causes are key to explaining growing life expectancy inequity. Results underline the speculative nature of attempts to attribute trends in life-expectancy inequity to an epidemic of despair. They call for continued investigation of the possible weathering effects of tenacious high-effort coping with chronic stressors on the health of marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Bound
- 1 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- 2 National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Rodriguez JM. Health disparities, politics, and the maintenance of the status quo: A new theory of inequality. Soc Sci Med 2018; 200:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Bound J, Geronimus AT, Rodriguez JM, Waidmann TA. Measuring Recent Apparent Declines In Longevity: The Role Of Increasing Educational Attainment. Health Aff (Millwood) 2017; 34:2167-73. [PMID: 26643639 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Independent researchers have reported an alarming decline in life expectancy after 1990 among US non-Hispanic whites with less than a high school education. However, US educational attainment rose dramatically during the twentieth century; thus, focusing on changes in mortality rates of those not completing high school means looking at a different, shrinking, and increasingly vulnerable segment of the population in each year. We analyzed US data to examine the robustness of earlier findings categorizing education in terms of relative rank in the overall distribution of each birth cohort, instead of by credentials such as high school graduation. Estimating trends in mortality for the bottom quartile, we found little evidence that survival probabilities declined dramatically. We conclude that widely publicized estimates of worsening mortality rates among non-Hispanic whites with low socioeconomic position are highly sensitive to how educational attainment is classified. However, non-Hispanic whites with low socioeconomic position, especially women, are not sharing in improving life expectancy, and disparities between US blacks and whites are entrenched. Findings underscore the urgency of an agenda to equitably disseminate new medical technologies and to deepen knowledge of social determinants of health and how that knowledge can be applied, to promote the objective of achieving population health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bound
- John Bound is a professor in the Department of Economics at the University of Michigan, in Ann Arbor
| | - Arline T Geronimus
- Arline T. Geronimus is a professor in the School of Public Health at the University of Michigan
| | - Javier M Rodriguez
- Javier M. Rodriguez is a health researcher at Mathematica Policy Research in Ann Arbor
| | - Timothy A Waidmann
- Timothy A. Waidmann is a senior fellow in the Health Policy Center at the Urban Institute, in Washington, D.C
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Bound J, Geronimus AT, Rodriguez JM, Waidmann TA. US Life Expectancy: The Authors Reply. Health Aff (Millwood) 2016; 35:550. [PMID: 26953313 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Bound
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Rodriguez
- University of Tolima, Colombia; University of Tolima, Colombia
| | - IS Rondón
- University of Tolima, Colombia; University of Tolima, Colombia
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Al-Mashhadani A, Plygkos I, Bozec L, Rodriguez JM. Three-dimensional in vitro measurements of tooth wear using fluoridated dentifrices. Aust Dent J 2015; 61:304-9. [PMID: 26303968 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare differences in wear of human enamel and dentine in vitro using a 3D measurement method comparing silica versus non-silica containing fluoridated dentifrices (Colgate Total(™) [CT] or Fluor Protector Gel(™) [FPG]). METHODS Mounted native enamel (n = 36) and polished dentine (n = 36) samples were subjected to 10 wear cycles. Each cycle consisted of: (1) 1 hour remineralization in artificial saliva (AS); (2) 10 minute erosion (0.3% citric acid; pH = 2.8); (3) 2 minute toothbrush abrasion in AS (G1, control) or a slurry of 3:1 by weight of AS:dentifrice (G2 = CT; G3 = FPG) under a load of 2 N. Each group contained 12 enamel and 12 dentine samples. Paired pre- and post-wear scans made with a contacting scanner were digitally superimposed using ball bearings as datum. RESULTS Mean and (SD) enamel wear was G1 = 21.9 μm (6.4); G2 = 15.2 μm (2.8); G3 = 16.9 μm (3.2). Enamel wear was not different between dentifrices (p = 0.99). Both dentifrices resulted in less enamel wear compared to the control (p < 0.05). Dentine wear was G1 = 41.3 μm (8.1); G2 = 29.1 μm (4.4); G3 = 22.1 μm (3.5). Differences in measurements were observed between dentifrices and control (p < 0.05) and between dentifrices (p = 0.014) with FPG showing less dentine wear than CT. CONCLUSIONS FPG offered protection against erosive/abrasive tooth wear in dentine compared to CT. FPG did not offer such protective effect on enamel wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Mashhadani
- Prosthodontics Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Plygkos
- Prosthodontics Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Bozec
- Biomaterials Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - J M Rodriguez
- Prosthodontics Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Excess mortality in marginalized populations could be both a cause and an effect of political processes. We estimate the impact of mortality differentials between blacks and whites from 1970 to 2004 on the racial composition of the electorate in the US general election of 2004 and in close statewide elections during the study period. We analyze 73 million US deaths from the Multiple Cause of Death files to calculate: (1) Total excess deaths among blacks between 1970 and 2004, (2) total hypothetical survivors to 2004, (3) the probability that survivors would have turned out to vote in 2004, (4) total black votes lost in 2004, and (5) total black votes lost by each presidential candidate. We estimate 2.7 million excess black deaths between 1970 and 2004. Of those, 1.9 million would have survived until 2004, of which over 1.7 million would have been of voting-age. We estimate that 1 million black votes were lost in 2004; of these, 900,000 votes were lost by the defeated Democratic presidential nominee. We find that many close state-level elections over the study period would likely have had different outcomes if voting age blacks had the mortality profiles of whites. US black voting rights are also eroded through felony disenfranchisement laws and other measures that dampen the voice of the US black electorate. Systematic disenfranchisement by population group yields an electorate that is unrepresentative of the full interests of the citizenry and affects the chance that elected officials have mandates to eliminate health inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Rodriguez
- Mathematica Policy Research, USA; Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Arline T Geronimus
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, USA; Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, USA; Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, USA.
| | - John Bound
- George E. Johnson Collegiate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Michigan, USA; Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, USA; Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, USA
| | - Danny Dorling
- Halford Mackinder Professor of Geography, School of Geography and the Environment, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Oxford University, UK
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Tapia Granados JA, Rodriguez JM. Health, economic crisis, and austerity: A comparison of Greece, Finland and Iceland. Health Policy 2015; 119:941-53. [PMID: 25979416 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Reports have attributed a public health tragedy in Greece to the Great Recession and the subsequent application of austerity programs. It is also claimed that the comparison of Greece with Iceland and Finland-where austerity policies were not applied-reveals the harmful effect of austerity on health and that by protecting spending in health and social budgets, governments can offset the harmful effects of economic crises on health. We use data on life expectancy, mortality rates, incidence of infectious diseases, rates of vaccination, self-reported health and other measures to examine the evolution of population health and health services performance in Greece, Finland and Iceland since 1990-2011 or 2012-the most recent years for which data are available. We find that in the three countries most indicators of population health continued improving after the Great Recession started. In terms of population health and performance of the health care system, in the period after 2007 for which data are available, Greece did as good as Iceland and Finland. The evidence does not support the claim that there is a health crisis in Greece. On the basis of the extant evidence, claims of a public health tragedy in Greece seem overly exaggerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Tapia Granados
- Department of History and Political Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Javier M Rodriguez
- Mathematica Policy Research and Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan,, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for diabetes and its consequences, including accelerated ageing and mortality. The underlying factor could be accumulation of certain lipid moieties, such as ceramides (CER) and diacylgycerol (DAG) within muscle tissue, which are known to promote insulin resistance (IR), induce inflammation and oxidative injury, ultimately altering muscle function. AIM First, to study the relationship between body composition and age (independent variables) with skeletal muscle accumulation of lipid species, oxidative injury and strength. Second, to analyze the relationship between muscle tissue metabolites and insulin resistance, inflammation and lymphocyte telomere length, the latter as an indicator of ageing. METHODOLOGY The sample included 56 healthy sedentary males, scheduled for inguinal hernia surgery, aged 27 to 80 y. Each individual was subject to anthropometric measurements, body composition assessment through radiologic densitometry (DEXA), measurement of handgrip and quadriceps strength, serum biochemical parameters (lipoproteins, creatinine, high sensitivity C reactive protein [hsCRP], fasting and post glucose insulin and glucose concentrations for calculation of IR through the Matsuda and HOMA-IR indexes), and extraction of peripheral leukocytes for measurement of telomere length. During the surgical procedure, a sample of muscle tissue was obtained (anterior abdominal oblique) in order to measure CER and DAG (and sub species according to chain length and saturation) by mass spectrometry, 4 hydroxy-2-nonenal adducts (4-HNE) using electron microscopy immunohistochemistry, and carboxymethyl-lisine (CML) by immunohistochemistry, the latter as indicators of oxidative stress (OS). RESULTS Body mass index (BMI) of twenty six individuals was > 25 k/m2, while BMI of 7 was > 30 k/m2. Overweight/obese individuals, did not exhibit differences in skeletal muscle lipid metabolites, however total CER and specific long chain CER sub-species (20 and 22 carbon) increased significantly among individuals with a central fat distribution (n = 14) as well as in glucose intolerant subjects (n =23). A negative association was found between mononuclear leukocyte telomere length and 20 and 22 carbon CER (rho = - 0.4 and -0.5 0 p < 0.05). Muscle strength was not associated with any of the measured muscle metabolites or markers of OS. A multiple regression analysis accepted central abdominal fat and telomere length as significant predictors of CER (R2 = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS An association was found between accumulation of specific ceramide species in muscle tissue and abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance and shortening of leukocyte telomeres, although not with muscle oxidative injury or dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P de la Maza
- Maria Pia de la Maza, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Human Nutrition, El Libano 5524, Santiago, 7830490, Chile, Tel: 56229781502, mobile: 56988894245, Fax: 56222214030,
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Hidalgo M, Reglero P, Álvarez-Berastegui D, Torres AP, Álvarez I, Rodriguez JM, Carbonell A, Balbín R, Alemany F. Hidden persistence of salinity and productivity gradients shaping pelagic diversity in highly dynamic marine ecosystems. Mar Environ Res 2015; 104:47-50. [PMID: 25617678 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
While large-scale patterns of pelagic marine diversity are generally well described, they remain elusive at regional-scale given the high temporal and spatial dynamics of biological and local oceanographic processes. We here evaluated whether the main drivers of pelagic diversity can be more pervasive than expected at regional scale, using a meroplankton community of a frontal system in the Western Mediterranean. We evidence that regional biodiversity in a highly dynamic ecosystem can be summarized attending to both static (bathymetric) and ephemeral (biological and hydrographical) environmental axes of seascape. This pattern can be observed irrespectively of the regional hydroclimatic scenario with distance to coast, salinity gradient and chlorophyll a concentration being the main and recurrent drivers. By contrast, their effect is overridden in common analyses given that different non-linear effects are buffered between years of contrasting scenarios, emerging the influence of secondary effects on diversity. We conclude that community studies may reveal hidden persistent processes when they take into account different functional effects related to hydroclimatic variability. A better understanding of regional dynamics of the pelagic realm will improve our capability to forecast future responses of plankton communities as well as impacts of climate change on marine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hidalgo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain.
| | - P Reglero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - D Álvarez-Berastegui
- ICTS SOCIB-Sistema d'observació i predicció costaner de les Illes Balears. Parc Bit, Naorte, Bloc A 2-3, Palma, Spain
| | - A P Torres
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - I Álvarez
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA-CSIC/UIB), Miquel Marqués, 21, Esporles, 07190 Baleares, Spain
| | - J M Rodriguez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Gijón, Avda. Príncipe de Asturias 70Bis, 33212 Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - A Carbonell
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - R Balbín
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - F Alemany
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Infant mortality rates in the US exceed those in all other developed countries and in many less developed countries, suggesting political factors may contribute. METHODS Annual time series on overall, White and Black infant mortality rates in the US were analysed over the 1965-2010 time period to ascertain whether infant mortality rates varied across presidential administrations. Data were de-trended using cubic splines and analysed using both graphical and time series regression methods. RESULTS Across all nine presidential administrations, infant mortality rates were below trend when the President was a Democrat and above trend when the President was a Republican. This was true for overall, neonatal and postneonatal mortality. Regression estimates show that, relative to trend, Republican administrations were characterized by infant mortality rates that were, on average, 3% higher than Democratic administrations. In proportional terms, effect size is similar for US Whites and Blacks. US Black rates are more than twice as high as White, implying substantially larger absolute effects for Blacks. CONCLUSIONS We found a robust, quantitatively important association between net of trend US infant mortality rates and the party affiliation of the president. There may be overlooked ways by which macro-dynamics of policy impact microdynamics of physiology, suggesting the political system is a component of the underlying mechanism generating health inequality in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Rodriguez
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Bound
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPopulation Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arline T Geronimus
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPopulation Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Rodriguez JM, Bound J, Geronimus AT. Authors' response: politicization with misrepresentation: on de-trending in time series analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2014; 43:1343-4. [PMID: 24771325 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyu098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Rodriguez
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Bound
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPopulation Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arline T Geronimus
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPopulation Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Rodriguez JM, Bound J, Geronimus AT. Rejoinder: Time series analysis and US infant mortality: de-trending the empirical from the polemical in political epidemiology. Int J Epidemiol 2014; 43:831-4. [PMID: 24510981 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyt284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Rodriguez
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Bound
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPopulation Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arline T Geronimus
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPopulation Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, Department of Economics and Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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22
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Kumari S, Raines JM, Martin JM, Rodriguez JM. Thermal stability of kudzu root (Pueraria Radix) isoflavones as additives to beef patties. J Food Sci Technol 2013; 52:1578-85. [PMID: 25745227 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kudzu root, Pueraria radix, extracts are a rich source of isoflavones. This study investigates the thermal stability of Pueraria radix extracts as a natural nutraceutical supplement in beef patties. The extract contained puerarin, diadzin, genistin, ononin, daidzein, glycitein, calycosin, genistein, formononetin and biochanin A; however, puerarin, daidzein and glycitein were the main components. The isoflavones concentrations in the spiked beef patties with kudzu root extracts were unaffected by cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumari
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
| | - J M Raines
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, 310 President's Circle, P. O. Box CR, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
| | - J M Martin
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
| | - J M Rodriguez
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, 310 President's Circle, P. O. Box CR, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA ; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
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Rodriguez JM, Delgado M, Viciana P, Lopez-Ruz MA, Leal M, Alcacer F, Deig E, Antela A, Pedrol E, Moreno S. Switching to nevirapine (NVP) significantly increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in treatment-experienced patients (NEVICOR study). J Int AIDS Soc 2010. [PMCID: PMC3113085 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-s4-p79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Austin RS, Rodriguez JM, Dunne S, Moazzez R, Bartlett DW. The effect of increasing sodium fluoride concentrations on erosion and attrition of enamel and dentine in vitro. J Dent 2010; 38:782-7. [PMID: 20600557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of an aqueous sodium fluoride solution of increasing concentration on erosion and attrition of enamel and dentine in vitro. METHODS Enamel and dentine sections from caries-free human third molars were polished flat and taped (exposing a 3 mm x 3 mm area) before being randomly allocated to 1 of 5 groups per substrate (n=10/gp): G1 (distilled water control); G2 (225 ppm NaF); G3 (1450 ppm NaF); G4 (5000 ppm NaF); G5 (19,000 ppm NaF). All specimens were subjected to 5, 10 and 15 cycles of experimental wear [1 cycle=artificial saliva (2h, pH 7.0)+erosion (0.3% citric acid, pH 3.2, 5 min)+fluoride/control (5 min)+attrition (60 linear strokes in artificial saliva from enamel antagonists loaded to 300 g)]. Following tape removal, step height (SH) in mum was measured using optical profilometry. RESULTS When the number of cycles increased the amount of tooth surface loss increased significantly in enamel and dentine after attrition and erosion and for dentine after attrition. Attrition and erosion resulted in greater surface loss than attrition alone after 15 cycles of experimental wear of enamel. 5000 ppm and 19,000 ppm sodium fluoride solutions had a protective effect on erosive and attritional enamel tooth wear in vitro, however no other groups showed significant differences. CONCLUSIONS The more intensive the fluoride regime the more protection was afforded to enamel from attrition and erosion. However, in this study no such protective effect was demonstrated for dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Austin
- Department of Primary Dental Care, King's College London Dental Institute, Caldecot Road, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RW, United Kingdom.
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Kreulen CM, Van 't Spijker A, Rodriguez JM, Bronkhorst EM, Creugers NHJ, Bartlett DW. Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Tooth Wear in Children and Adolescents. Caries Res 2010; 44:151-9. [PMID: 20389070 DOI: 10.1159/000308567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C M Kreulen
- Department of Oral Function and Prosthetic Dentistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. c.kreulen @ dent.umcn.nl
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Abstract
We have combined high-resolution two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis with mass spectrometry with the aim of identifying proteins represented in the 2-D gel database of Drosophila melanogaster mitochondria. First, we purified mitochondria from third instar Drosophila larvae and constructed a high-resolution 2-D gel database containing 231 silver-stained polypeptides. Next, we carried out preparative 2-D PAGE to isolate some of the polypeptides and characterize them by MALDI-TOF analysis. Using this strategy, we identified 66 mitochondrial spots in the database, and in each case confirmed their identity by MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. In addition, we generated antibodies against two of the mitochondrial proteins as tools for characterizing the organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Alonso
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049-Madrid, Spain
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Alonso J, Rodriguez JM, Baena-López LA, Alonso MT, Santarén JF. Constitutive expression of heat shock protein p23 correlates with proneural territories in imaginal discs ofDrosophila melanogaster. Proteomics 2005; 5:3604-13. [PMID: 16121335 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200401211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
2-DE followed by MALDI-TOF was used to purify and identify a Drosophila protein (catalogued as SSP 6002) that showed marked differences in the level of expression in the different imaginal discs of third instar larvae. Fingerprinting showed that the spot of interest was the heat shock 23 polypeptide (hsp23). We characterized the kinetics of its induction by heat shock in wing imaginal discs and raised an antiserum against the denatured protein, which recognizes a single unphosphorylated spot on 2-D gels. The difference in its expression in discs was corroborated by analyzing its level in the imaginal discs of postbithorax mutants. We also investigated the developmental expression of hsp23 in imaginal discs with antiserum raised against the native protein. Its spatial and temporal pattern of expression is related to the proneural territories and maintained even under heat shock conditions. In addition, its pattern of expression is regulated by transcription factors and signaling pathways (notch and epidermal growth factor receptor) involved in proneural specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Alonso
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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da Gama AD, Rosa A, Martins C, do Carmo G, Sá DC, Moura C, Romero M, Rodriguez JM. [Primary aneurysms of carotid bifurcation: surgical management]. Rev Port Cir Cardiotorac Vasc 2005; 12:163-8. [PMID: 16234909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
From 1980 to 2005, eight patients, four male and four female, age range between 33 to 86 years (average 55.2) with the diagnosis of primary aneurysm of the carotid bifurcation, underwent surgical management. Patients with postendarterectomy pseudo-aneurysms (also rotulated as "secondary") were excluded from the study, due to different pathogenic, clinical and therapeutic features. Four aneurysms were degenerative by nature, occurring in the older patients of the series. Some other etiologies include arterial fibrodysplasia, brucellosis, Behçet's disease and penetrating wound of the neck. All patients underwent the surgical resection of the aneurysm, followed by reestablishment of the carotid continuity in 6 cases; two patient had a definite ligation of the internal and external carotid artery, respectively. There was no operative mortality nor significant morbidity. From 1 to 25 years after the operation, three patients died for different reasons, two were lost for follow up and the remaining three are found alive and well. The main features of clinical presentation, etiology, diagnosis and surgical management of this entity are presented and discussed and compared with similar experiences reported in the international literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dinis da Gama
- Clinica Universitária de Cirurgia Vascular, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa
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Robles R, Fernández JA, Hernández Q, Marin C, Ramirez P, Sánchez Bueno F, Luján JA, Rodriguez JM, Acosta F, Parrilla P. Eversion thromboendovenectomy for organized portal vein thrombosis encountered during liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:1915-7. [PMID: 12962847 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(03)00599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the technical experience acquired in the field of liver transplantation portal vein thrombosis is no longer considered a contraindication for transplantation. Nevertheless, the results obtained in patients with portal vein thrombosis are at times suboptimal, and there is no consensus on the appropriate surgical technique. PATIENTS AND METHODS Among the 455 liver transplants performed between May 1988 and December 2001, 32 (7%) presented with portal vein thrombosis. Twenty (62%) were type Ib, seven (22%) type II/III, and five (16%) type IV. Twenty-two were men (69%), with a mean age of 50 years (range: 30-70 years); the thrombosis in all cases developed in a cirrhotic liver. The surgical method in all cases consisted of an eversion thromboendovenectomy under direct visual guidance, with occlusion of the portal flow using a Fogarty balloon. RESULTS Among the 32 cases undergoing thrombectomy, 31 (96%) were successful with a failure in a case of type IV thrombosis, which was resolved by portal arterialization. Of the 31 successful cases, only one with type IV thrombosis rethrombosed. The 5-year survival rate of the patients in the series was 69%. Only two patients died from causes related to the thrombosis, both showing type IV thrombosis. CONCLUSION The ideal treatment for portal thrombosis during liver transplantation depends on its extension and on the experience of the surgeon. In our experience, eversion thromboendovenectomy resolves most thromboses (types I, II, and III), but management of type IV, which occasionally can be treated with this technique, may require more complex procedures such as bypass, portal arterialization or cavoportal hemitransposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Robles
- Department of Surgery I, Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, El Palmar, Spain
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Fernández-Arjona M, Díaz J, Cortes I, González J, Rodriguez JM, Alvarez E. Relationship between gonadotrophin secretion, inhibin B and spermatogenesis in oligozoospermic men treated with highly purified urinary follicle-stimulating hormone (uFSH-HP): a preliminary report. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2003; 107:47-51. [PMID: 12593894 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(02)00313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the potential relationship between circulating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) gonadotrophin, inhibin B, spermatogenesis and the benefit of highly purified urinary FSH (uFSH-HP) treatment in men with oligozoospermia. METHODS Twenty-nine normogonadotropic, normogonadal men with oligozoospermia were evaluated. Serum hormonal concentration and spermiogram were analyzed before and after 3-month treatment with uFSH-HP. RESULTS Our results support the hypothesis that inhibin B is involved in the physiological regulation of FSH secretion and reflects the FSH-stimulated Sertoli cell function. After treating with uFSH-HP for 3 months a significant increase in all semen parameters was observed in most of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Although the benefit of inhibin B as a prognosis factor in oligozoospermic patients treated with FSH is not defined, it can be considered as an important serum marker in reproductive and testicular functions. Treatment of oligozoospermic patients with uFSH-HP has shown to be an effective and safe therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernández-Arjona
- Department of Urology, Hospital "Santa Barbara", (Ciudad Real), Puertollano, Spain.
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Piñero A, Martínez-Barba E, Canteras M, Rodriguez JM, Castellanos G, Parrilla P. Surgical management and complications of Meckel's diverticulum in 90 patients. Eur J Surg 2002; 168:8-12. [PMID: 12022375 DOI: 10.1080/110241502317307508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review controversial aspects of the pathology, management, and complications of Meckel's diverticula. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING University hospital, Spain. SUBJECTS 90 patients who had Meckel's diverticula during the 32 year period April 1968-May 2000. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Epidemiological and histopathological findings (including a search for Helicobacter pylori); surgical management and morbidity. RESULTS There were no differences in sex between patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic disease, although we did find differences in age. Signs of abnormalities on scintigraphy were associated with the presence of ectopic fundal mucosa, although not significantly so. No signs of Helicobacter pylori were found in any of our patients. Morbidity after intestinal resection was higher than after diverticulectomy. CONCLUSIONS Meckel's diverticulum should be suspected particularly when there are symptoms of obstruction or gastrointestinal bleeding in children. The presence of both ectopic gastric mucosa and ulcers is related to the symptoms and we found no H. pylori in any of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piñero
- Department of General Surgery and Digestive Apparatus I, Virgen de la Arrixaca, University Hospital, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
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Ramirez P, Chavez R, Majado M, Munitiz V, Muñoz A, Hernandez O, Palenciano CG, Pino-Chavez G, Loba M, Minguela A, Yelamos J, Gago MR, Vizcaino AS, Asensi H, Cayuela M, Segura B, Marin F, Rubio A, Fuente T, Robles R, Bueno FS, Sansano T, Acosta F, Rodriguez JM, Rios A, Montoya M, Navarro F, Cabezuelo J, Cozzi E, White DJG, Parrilla P. Transgenic pig-to-baboon liver xenotransplantation: clinical, biochemical, and immunologic pattern of delayed acute vascular rejection. Transplant Proc 2002; 34:319-20. [PMID: 11959306 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Ramirez
- Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Virgen Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
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Cabezuelo JB, Ramirez P, Acosta F, Sanchez Bueno F, Robles R, Pons JA, Miras M, Munitiz V, Fernandez JA, Lujan J, Rodriguez JM, Bru M, Berenguer JJ, Parrilla P. Prognostic factors of early acute renal failure in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2002; 34:254-5. [PMID: 11959271 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J B Cabezuelo
- Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital V. Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
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Ribeiro EMSF, Rodriguez JM, Cóser VM, Sotero MG, Fonseca Neto JM, Pasquini R, Cavalli IJ. Microsatellite instability and cytogenetic survey in myeloid leukemias. Braz J Med Biol Res 2002; 35:153-9. [PMID: 11847518 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2002000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellites are short tandem repeat sequences dispersed throughout the genome. Their instability at multiple genetic loci may result from mismatch repair errors and it occurs in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. This instability is also found in many sporadic cancers. In order to evaluate the importance of this process in myeloid leukemias, we studied five loci in different chromosomes of 43 patients, 22 with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase, 7 with CML in blast crisis, and 14 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), by comparing leukemic DNA extracted from bone marrow and constitutional DNA obtained from buccal epithelial cells. Only one of the 43 patients (2.1%), with relapsed AML, showed an alteration in the allele length at a single locus. Cytogenetic analysis was performed in order to improve the characterization of leukemic subtypes and to determine if specific chromosome aberrations were associated with the presence of microsatellite instability. Several chromosome aberrations were observed, most of them detected at diagnosis and during follow-up of the patients, according to current literature. These findings suggest that microsatellite instability is an infrequent genetic event in myeloid leukemias, adding support to the current view that the mechanisms of genomic instability in solid tumors differ from those observed in leukemias, where specific chromosome aberrations seem to play a major role.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M S F Ribeiro
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
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35
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Palenciano CG, Segura B, Ramirez P, Chavez R, Munitiz V, Cayuela MG, Acosta F, Sansano T, Majado M, Muñoz A, Hernandez O, Pino-Chavez G, Loba M, Yelamos J, Gago MR, Vizcaino AS, Asensi H, Marin F, Rubio A, Fuente T, Rios A, Montoya M, Robles R, Bueno FS, Rodriguez JM, Navarro F, Cabezuelo J, Cozzi E, White DJG, Parrilla P. Acid-base and electrolyte disturbances in an experimental model of orthotopic liver xenotransplantation from pig to baboon after graft reperfusion: differences between h-DAF livers and unmodified livers. Transplant Proc 2002; 34:325-6. [PMID: 11959309 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C G Palenciano
- Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital V. Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
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Arrate MP, Rodriguez JM, Tran TM, Brock TA, Cunningham SA. Cloning of human junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM3) and its identification as the JAM2 counter-receptor. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:45826-32. [PMID: 11590146 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m105972200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a third member of the junctional adhesion molecule (JAM) family. At the protein level JAM3 displays 36 and 32% identity to JAM2 and JAM1, respectively. The coding region is distributed over 9 exons and maps to chromosome 11q25. The gene shows widespread tissue expression with higher levels apparent in the kidney, brain, and placenta. At the cellular level we show expression of JAM3 transcript within endothelial cells. Our major finding is that JAM3 and JAM2 are binding partners. Thus, JAM3 ectodomain binds firmly to JAM2-Fc. This heterotypic interaction is maintained when JAM3-Fc is used to capture Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing full-length JAM2. In static adhesion assays we show that JAM3 is unable to bind to leukocyte cell lines. This is consistent with the lack of JAM2 expression. However, using JAM2-Fc pull-down experiments in combination with polyclonal anti-JAM3 serum, we demonstrate that JAM3 is the previously uncharacterized 43-kDa counter-receptor that mediates JAM2 adhesion to T cells. Most significantly we demonstrate up-regulation of JAM3 protein on peripheral blood lymphocytes following activation. Finally we show the utility of JAM3 ectodomain as an inhibitor of JAM2 adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Arrate
- Department of Pharmacology, Texas Biotechnology Corporation, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Abstract
High-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by computer analysis has been used to study quantitatively the patterns of protein synthesis produced in porcine alveolar macrophages and in Vero cells infected with African swine fever virus (ASFV). Initially, a protein database for each cell type was constructed. The porcine alveolar macrophage database includes 995 polypeptides (818 acidic, isoelectric focusing (IEF) and 177 basic, nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis (NEPHGE)) whereas the Vero database contains 1,398 polypeptides (1,127 acidic, IEF and 271 basic, NEPHGE). Taking these databases as reference, ASFV highly virulent strain E70 induces 57 acid and 43 basic polypeptides in porcine alveolar macrophages, which account for most of the information content of the virus DNA. The kinetics of synthesis of the virus-induced polypeptides showed the existence of three classes of proteins: one whose synthesis starts early after infection, continues for a period and then switches off; another whose synthesis also starts early but continues for prolonged periods; and a third which requires DNA replication. The attenuated, cell adapted, strain BA71V induces 92 acidic and 37 basic proteins in Vero cells. Significant differences were observed when comparing the patterns of polypeptides induced by the two viral strains. In both cell systems studied, ASFV infection produces a general shutoff of protein synthesis that affects up to 65% of the cellular proteins. Interestingly, 28 proteins of porcine alveolar macrophages and 48 proteins of Vero cells are stimulated at least two times by ASFV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Rodriguez
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Rios A, Rodriguez JM, Munitiz V, Alcaraz P, Pérez D, Parrilla P. Factors that affect recurrence after incisional herniorrhaphy with prosthetic material. Eur J Surg 2001; 167:855-9. [PMID: 11848241 DOI: 10.1080/11024150152717706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the risk factors for recurrence after prosthetic incisional herniorrhaphy. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Tertiary referral centre, Spain. PATIENTS 246 patients who had incisional herniorrhaphy with a prosthetic material (polypropylene) between 1990 and 1997 INTERVENTIONS A reinforcement mesh was inserted when the hernia was more than 5 cm. In incisional hernias less than 5 cm the reinforcement mesh was inserted when the repair was under tension or when tissues were noted to be weak during the operation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Age, sex, obesity, the presence of bronchial disease, previous repair of the incisional hernia, type of surgery, size and site of hernia and presence of local complications during the immediate postoperative period. RESULTS Mean (SD) follow-up was 77 (6) months (minimum follow up two years). The hernia recurred in 43 cases (17%) (mean time of recurrence 10 (8) months). Age over 60 years, previous herniorrhaphy, size of hernia, and postoperative local complications were significant risk factors (p < 0.01) in both the univariate and multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS Patients at the greater risk of recurrence are those aged over 60 years, with large, recurrent hernias and who develop local complications during the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rios
- Departamento de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo I, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
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Fernandez JA, Robles R, Ramirez P, Bueno FS, Rodriguez JM, Lujan JA, Munitiz V, Martinez E, Llorente S, Gimeno L, Parrilla P. Arterioenteric fistula due to cytomegalovirus infection after pancreas transplantation. Transplantation 2001; 72:966-8. [PMID: 11571472 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200109150-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Torregrosa NM, Rodriguez MA, Rodriguez JM, Mendez S, Illana J, Parrilla P. Metastases in the amygdala as the first sign of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Surg 2001; 167:395-7. [PMID: 11419560 DOI: 10.1080/110241501750215339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N M Torregrosa
- Department of General Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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41
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Sánchez-Bueno F, Acosta F, Ramirez P, Robles R, Rodriguez JM, Munitiz V, Rios A, Parrilla P. Incidence and survival rate of hepatic retransplantation in a series of 300 orthotopic liver transplants. Transplant Proc 2000; 32:2671-2. [PMID: 11134756 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Sánchez-Bueno
- Liver Transplant Unit, Surgery Department, University "Virgen de la Arrixaca" Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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Cunningham SA, Arrate MP, Rodriguez JM, Bjercke RJ, Vanderslice P, Morris AP, Brock TA. A novel protein with homology to the junctional adhesion molecule. Characterization of leukocyte interactions. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:34750-6. [PMID: 10945976 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m002718200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have cloned a novel cDNA belonging to the Ig superfamily that shows 44% similarity to the junctional adhesion molecule (JAM) and maps to chromosome 21q21.2. The open reading frame of JAM2 predicts a 34-kDa type I integral membrane protein that features two Ig-like folds and three N-linked glycosylation sites in the extracellular domain. A single protein kinase C phosphorylation consensus site and a PDZ-binding motif are present in the short intracellular tail. Heterologous expression of JAM2 in Chinese hamster ovary cells defined a 48-kDa protein that localizes predominantly to the intercellular borders. Northern blot analysis showed that JAM2 is preferentially expressed in the heart. JAM2 homotypic interactions were demonstrated by the ability of JAM2-Fc to capture JAM2-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells. We further showed that JAM2, but not JAM1, is capable of adhering to the HSB and HPB-ALL lymphocyte cell lines. Neutralizing mouse anti-JAM2 polyclonal antibodies provided evidence against homotypic interactions in this assay. Biotinylation of HSB cell membranes revealed a 43-kDa counter-receptor that precipitates specifically with JAM2-Fc. These characteristics of JAM2 led us to hypothesize a role for this novel protein in adhesion events associated with cardiac inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Cunningham
- Department of Pharmacology, Texas Biotechnology Corporation, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Piñero A, Rodriguez JM, Ortiz S, Claver MA, Parrilla P. Influence of thyroid pathology on the results of parathyroid gammagraphy with Tc(99m)-sestamibi. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2000; 53:655-6. [PMID: 11106929 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.2000.1094a.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ramirez P, Chavez R, Majado M, Munitiz V, Muñoz A, Hernandez Q, Palenciano CG, Pino-Chavez G, Loba M, Minguela A, Yelamos J, Gago MR, Vizcaino AS, Asensi H, Cayuela MG, Segura B, Marin F, Rubio A, Fuente T, Robles R, Bueno FS, Sansano T, Acosta F, Rodriguez JM, Navarro F, Cabezuelo J, Cozzi E, White DJ, Calne RY, Parrilla P. Life-supporting human complement regulator decay accelerating factor transgenic pig liver xenograft maintains the metabolic function and coagulation in the nonhuman primate for up to 8 days. Transplantation 2000; 70:989-98. [PMID: 11045632 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200010150-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not known whether the pig liver is capable of functioning efficiently when transplanted into a primate, neither is there experience in transplanting a liver from a transgenic pigs expressing the human complement regulator human complement regulator decay accelerating factor (h-DAF) into a baboon. The objective of this study was to determine whether the porcine liver would support the metabolic functions of non-human primates and to establish the effect of hDAF expression in the prevention of hyperacute rejection of porcine livers transplanted into primates. METHODS Five orthotopic liver xenotransplants from pig to baboon were carried out: three from unmodified pigs and two using livers from h-DAF transgenic pigs. FINDINGS The three control animals transplanted with livers from unmodified pigs survived for less than 12 hr. Baboons transplanted with livers from h-DAF transgenic pigs survived for 4 and 8 days. Hyperacute rejection was not detected in the baboons transplanted with hDAF transgenic pig livers; however, it was demonstrated in the three transplants from unmodified pigs. Baboons transplanted with livers from h-DAF transgenic pigs were extubated at postoperative day 1 and were awake and able to eat and drink. In the recipients of hDAF transgenic pig livers the clotting parameters reached nearly normal levels at day 2 after transplantation and remained normal up to the end of the experiments. In these hDAF liver recipients, porcine fibrinogen was first detected in the baboon plasma 2 hr postreperfusion, and was present up to the end of the experiments. One animal was euthanized at day 8 after development of sepsis and coagulopathy, the other animal arrested at day 4, after an episode of vomiting and aspiration. The postmortem examination of the hDAF transgenic liver xenografts did not demonstrate rejection. INTERPRETATION The livers from h-DAF transgenic pigs did not undergo hyperacute rejection after orthotopic xenotransplantation in baboons. When HAR is abrogated, the porcine liver maintains sufficient coagulation and protein levels in the baboon up to 8 days after OLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramirez
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Virgen Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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Ramirez P, Chavez R, Majado M, Munitiz V, Muñoz A, Hernandez Q, Palenciano C, Pino-Chavez G, Loba M, Minguela A, Yelamos J, Vizcaino AS, Asensi H, Cayuela MG, Segura B, Marin F, Rubio A, Rios A, Fuente T, Robles R, Sanchez F, Sansano T, Acosta F, Rodriguez JM, Navarro F, Cabezuelo J. The porcine liver supports metabolic homeostasis in the nonhuman primate: experimental study in a model of orthotopic liver transplantation from h-DAF transgenic pig to baboon. Transplant Proc 2000; 32:1112-3. [PMID: 10936385 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Ramirez
- Unidad Trasplante Hepatico, University Hospital Virgen Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
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Piñero A, Rodriguez JM, Ortiz S, Soria T, Bermejo J, Claver MA, Canteras M, Parrilla P. Relation of biochemical, cytologic, and morphologic parameters to the result of gammagraphy with technetium 99m sestamibi in primary hyperparathyroidism. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000. [PMID: 10828798 DOI: 10.1016/s0194-5998(00)70013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the possible relation of biochemical, cytologic, and morphologic parameters to the results of parathyroid gammagraphy with Tc 99m sestamibi in primary hyperparathyroidism. We studied 46 consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who were undergoing surgery. All the patients were given a preoperative parathyroid gammagraphy with Tc 99m sestamibi and a complete preoperative biochemical study. During the surgical intervention we recorded the weight and size of the pathologic glands to calculate the volume of each. We also determined the percentage of the chief and oxyphil cells in the pathologic glands. Tc 99m sestamibi sensitivity is higher in adenomas (91%) than in hyperplasia (67%) or double adenomas (50%). No relation was found between biochemical or cytologic parameters and gammagraphic results. Weight and gland volume were significantly greater for adenomas than for hyperplasia (P < 0.0014 and P < 0.0004, respectively), and statistically significant differences in both of them were observed between the glands with positive and negative sestamibi.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piñero
- Department of General Surgery, Pathological Anatomy, and Nuclear Medicine, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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47
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Piñero A, Rodriguez JM, Ortiz S, Soria T, Bermejo J, Claver MA, Canteras M, Parrilla P. Relation of Biochemical, Cytologic, and Morphologic Parameters to the Result of Gammagraphy with Technetium 99m Sestamibi in Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 122:851-5. [PMID: 10828798 DOI: 10.1016/s0194-59980070013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the possible relation of biochemical, cytologic, and morphologic parameters to the results of parathyroid gammagraphy with Tc 99m sestamibi in primary hyperparathyroidism. We studied 46 consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who were undergoing surgery. All the patients were given a preoperative parathyroid gammagraphy with Tc 99m sestamibi and a complete preoperative biochemical study. During the surgical intervention we recorded the weight and size of the pathologic glands to calculate the volume of each. We also determined the percentage of the chief and oxyphil cells in the pathologic glands. Tc 99m sestamibi sensitivity is higher in adenomas (91%) than in hyperplasia (67%) or double adenomas (50%). No relation was found between biochemical or cytologic parameters and gammagraphic results. Weight and gland volume were significantly greater for adenomas than for hyperplasia ( P < 0.0014 and P < 0.0004, respectively), and statistically significant differences in both of them were observed between the glands with positive and negative sestamibi.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piñero
- Department of General Surgery, Pathological Anatomy, and Nuclear Medicine, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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Rodriguez JM, Piñero A, Ortiz S, Moreno A, Sola J, Soria T, Robles R, Parrilla P. Clinical and histological differences in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Surg 2000; 166:34-8. [PMID: 10688214 DOI: 10.1080/110241500750009672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report our experience in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and try to establish differences between cases in which the histological study showed that there was an associated thyroid carcinoma and those that were strictly anaplastic or pure. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING University hospital, Spain. SUBJECTS 14 patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer treated over a period of 26 years; 7 presented with associated thyroid tumours and 7 were pure. MEAN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical data (age, sex, symptoms), treatment, histological study (associated thyroid disease, spread, involved lymph nodes) and follow-up. RESULTS 13 of the 14 tumours had spread locally. 5 patients were treated by total thyroidectomy, 3 subtotal thyroidectomy, 5 excision of the tumour, and 1 patient had a biopsy alone. There were associated thyroid tumours in 7 cases: 2 follicular, 2 tall cell papillary, 1 solid papillary, 1 medullary and 1 Hurthle cell tumour. 12 patients died. Another 2 are still alive having survived 61 and 70 months respectively, both with associated anaplastic cancers (follicular and solid). The mean survival was 14 months (24 for associated anaplastic carcinoma and 4 for pure anaplastic carcinoma). CONCLUSION There is a subgroup of anaplastic cancers in which a better differentiated thyroid carcinoma coexists with the anaplastic carcinoma. The prognosis in this subgroup is better than that for primary pure anaplastic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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49
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Robles R, Parrilla P, Acosta F, Bueno FS, Ramirez P, Lopez J, Lujan JA, Rodriguez JM, Fernandez JA, Picó F. Complications related to hepatic venous outflow in piggy-back liver transplantation: two- versus three-suprahepatic-vein anastomosis. Transplant Proc 1999; 31:2390-1. [PMID: 10500634 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(99)00395-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Robles
- Department of Surgery, V Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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50
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Hernandez Q, Ramirez P, Munitiz V, Piñero A, Robles R, Sanchez-Bueno F, Rodriguez JM, Lujan J, Acosta F, Miras M, Pons JA, Parrilla P. Incidence and management of biliary tract complications following 300 consecutive orthotopic liver transplants. Transplant Proc 1999; 31:2407-8. [PMID: 10500644 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(99)00405-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Hernandez
- Department of General Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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