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Kottapalli J, David-Schwartz R, Khamaisi B, Brandsma D, Lugassi N, Egbaria A, Kelly G, Granot D. Sucrose-induced stomatal closure is conserved across evolution. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205359. [PMID: 30312346 PMCID: PMC6185732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As plants evolved to function on land, they developed stomata for effective gas exchange, for photosynthesis and for controlling water loss. We have recently shown that sugars, as the end product of photosynthesis, close the stomata of various angiosperm species, to coordinate sugar production with water loss. In the current study, we examined the sugar responses of the stomata of phylogenetically different plant species and species that employ different photosynthetic mechanisms (i.e., C3, C4 and CAM). To examine the effect of sucrose on stomata, we treated leaves with sucrose and then measured their stomatal apertures. Sucrose reduced stomatal aperture, as compared to an osmotic control, suggesting that regulation of stomata by sugars is a trait that evolved early in evolutionary history and has been conserved across different groups of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaram Kottapalli
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
| | - Rakefet David-Schwartz
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
| | - Belal Khamaisi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
| | - Danja Brandsma
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
| | - Nitsan Lugassi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
| | - Gilor Kelly
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
| | - David Granot
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel
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Kelly G, Sade N, Doron-Faigenboim A, Lerner S, Shatil-Cohen A, Yeselson Y, Egbaria A, Kottapalli J, Schaffer AA, Moshelion M, Granot D. Sugar and hexokinase suppress expression of PIP aquaporins and reduce leaf hydraulics that preserves leaf water potential. Plant J 2017; 91:325-339. [PMID: 28390076 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sugars affect central aspects of plant physiology, including photosynthesis, stomatal behavior and the loss of water through the stomata. Yet, the potential effects of sugars on plant aquaporins (AQPs) and water conductance have not been examined. We used database and transcriptional analyses, as well as cellular and whole-plant functional techniques to examine the link between sugar-related genes and AQPs. Database analyses revealed a high level of correlation between the expression of AQPs and that of sugar-related genes, including the Arabidopsis hexokinases 1 (AtHXK1). Increased expression of AtHXK1, as well as the addition of its primary substrate, glucose (Glc), repressed the expression of 10 AQPs from the plasma membrane-intrinsic proteins (PIP) subfamily (PIP-AQPs) and induced the expression of two stress-related PIP-AQPs. The osmotic water permeability of mesophyll protoplasts of AtHXK1-expressing plants and the leaf hydraulic conductance of those plants were significantly reduced, in line with the decreased expression of PIP-AQPs. Conversely, hxk1 mutants demonstrated a higher level of hydraulic conductance, with increased water potential in their leaves. In addition, the presence of Glc reduced leaf water potential, as compared with an osmotic control, indicating that Glc reduces the movement of water from the xylem into the mesophyll. The production of sugars entails a significant loss of water and these results suggest that sugars and AtHXK1 affect the expression of AQP genes and reduce leaf water conductance, to coordinate sugar levels with the loss of water through transpiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilor Kelly
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Nir Sade
- The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Adi Doron-Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Stephen Lerner
- The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Arava Shatil-Cohen
- The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yelena Yeselson
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Jayaram Kottapalli
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Arthur A Schaffer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - David Granot
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
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Kelly G, Lugassi N, Belausov E, Wolf D, Khamaisi B, Brandsma D, Kottapalli J, Fidel L, Ben-Zvi B, Egbaria A, Acheampong AK, Zheng C, Or E, Distelfeld A, David-Schwartz R, Carmi N, Granot D. The Solanum tuberosum KST1 partial promoter as a tool for guard cell expression in multiple plant species. J Exp Bot 2017; 68:2885-2897. [PMID: 28531314 PMCID: PMC5853950 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
To date, guard cell promoters have been examined in only a few species, primarily annual dicots. A partial segment of the potato (Solanum tuberosum) KST1 promoter (KST1 partial promoter, KST1ppro) has previously been shown to confer guard cell expression in potato, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), citrus [Troyer citrange (C. sinensis×Poncirus trifoliata)], and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Here, we describe an extensive analysis of the expression pattern of KST1ppro in eight (previously reported, as well as new) species from five different angiosperm families, including the Solanaceae and the Cucurbitaceae, Arabidopsis, the monocot barley (Hordeum vulgare), and two perennial species: grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and citrus. Using confocal imaging and three-dimensional movies, we demonstrate that KST1ppro drives guard cell expression in all of these species, making it the first dicot-originated guard cell promoter shown to be active in a monocot and the first promoter reported to confer guard cell expression in barley and cucumber (Cucumis sativus). The results presented here indicate that KST1ppro can be used to drive constitutive guard cell expression in monocots and dicots and in both annual and perennial plants. In addition, we show that the KST1ppro is active in guard cells shortly after the symmetric division of the guard mother cell and generates stable expression in mature guard cells. This allows us to follow the spatial and temporal distribution of stomata in cotyledons and true leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilor Kelly
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Nitsan Lugassi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Dalia Wolf
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Belal Khamaisi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Danja Brandsma
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University, AP Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jayaram Kottapalli
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Lena Fidel
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Batsheva Ben-Zvi
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Atiako Kwame Acheampong
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Chuanlin Zheng
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Etti Or
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Assaf Distelfeld
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Rakefet David-Schwartz
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Nir Carmi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - David Granot
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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