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Pashkevich MD, Marshall CAM, Freeman B, Reiss-Woolever VJ, Caliman JP, Drewer J, Heath B, Hendren MT, Saputra A, Stone J, Timperley JH, Draper W, Gbarway A, Geninyan B, Goll B, Guahn M, Gweh AN, Hadfield P, Jah MT, Jayswen S, Jones T, Kandie S, Koffa D, Korb J, Koon N, Manewah B, Medrano LM, Palmeirim AF, Pett B, Rocha R, Swope-Nyantee E, Tue J, Tuolee J, Van Dessel P, Vincent A, Weah R, Widodo R, Yennego AJ, Yonmah J, Turner EC. The socioecological benefits and consequences of oil palm cultivation in its native range: The Sustainable Oil Palm in West Africa (SOPWA) Project. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171850. [PMID: 38521255 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture is expanding rapidly across the tropics. While cultivation can boost socioeconomic conditions and food security, it also threatens native ecosystems. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), which is grown pantropically, is the most productive vegetable oil crop worldwide. The impacts of oil palm cultivation have been studied extensively in Southeast Asia and - to a lesser extent - in Latin America but, in comparison, very little is known about its impacts in Africa: oil palm's native range, and where cultivation is expanding rapidly. In this paper, we introduce a large-scale research programme - the Sustainable Oil Palm in West Africa (SOPWA) Project - that is evaluating the relative ecological impacts of oil palm cultivation under traditional (i.e., by local people) and industrial (i.e., by a large-scale corporation) management in Liberia. Our paper is twofold in focus. First, we use systematic mapping to appraise the literature on oil palm research in an African context, assessing the geographic and disciplinary focus of existing research. We found 757 publications occurring in 36 African countries. Studies tended to focus on the impacts of palm oil consumption on human health and wellbeing. We found no research that has evaluated the whole-ecosystem (i.e., multiple taxa and ecosystem functions) impacts of oil palm cultivation in Africa, a knowledge gap which the SOPWA Project directly addresses. Second, we describe the SOPWA Project's study design and-using canopy cover, ground vegetation cover, and soil temperature data as a case study-demonstrate its utility for assessing differences between areas of rainforest and oil palm agriculture. We outline the socioecological data collected by the SOPWA Project to date and describe the potential for future research, to encourage new collaborations and additional similar projects of its kind in West Africa. Increased research in Africa is needed urgently to understand the combined ecological and sociocultural impacts of oil palm and other agriculture in this unique region. This will help to ensure long-term sustainability of the oil palm industry-and, indeed, all tropical agricultural activity-in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Pashkevich
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Cicely A M Marshall
- Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Benedictus Freeman
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Valentine J Reiss-Woolever
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Pierre Caliman
- Sinar Mas Agro Resources and Technology Research Institute (SMARTRI), Jalan Teuku Umar 19, Pekanbaru, 28112, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Julia Drewer
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - Becky Heath
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew T Hendren
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ari Saputra
- Golden Veroleum Liberia, 17(th) St, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - Jake Stone
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan H Timperley
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - William Draper
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Abednego Gbarway
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Bility Geninyan
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Blamah Goll
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Marshall Guahn
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Andrew N Gweh
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Peter Hadfield
- Ecology Solutions Ltd, Unit 4 Cokenach Estate, Royston, SG8 8DL, United Kingdom
| | - Morris T Jah
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | | | - Tiecanna Jones
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies and Climate Change, University of Liberia, Capitol Hill, Monrovia, Liberia
| | | | | | - Judith Korb
- Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg D-79104, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ana F Palmeirim
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Brogan Pett
- SpiDiverse, Biodiversity Inventory for Conservation (BINCO), 3380 Walmersumstraat, Glabbeek, Belgium; Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, UK
| | - Ricardo Rocha
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Abraham Vincent
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Romeo Weah
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Rudy Widodo
- Golden Veroleum Liberia, 17(th) St, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - Alfred J Yennego
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Jerry Yonmah
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Edgar C Turner
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
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Noirot LM, Müller-Stöver DS, Wahyuningsih R, Sørensen H, Simamora A, Caliman JP. Impacts of empty fruit bunch applications on soil organic carbon in an industrial oil palm plantation. J Environ Manage 2022; 317:115373. [PMID: 35649336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extensive oil palm plantations have often resulted in the decrease of soil organic carbon (SOC). Several options exist to counter this, such as recycling empty fruit bunches (EFB) as a soil amendment. However, the extent to which EFB increase SOC has been disputed. Since EFB could also be used as a climate change mitigation tool, it is necessary to truly understand their impact on SOC. The investigation of the impact of nine EFB treatments (differing in frequency and application rates) on a 27-year-old large-scale experiment (Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia) revealed that, while EFB impacts are heterogeneous throughout the plantation, they can positively affect total SOC and permanganate oxidisable carbon (POX-C) both at shallow and deep depths (measured up to 100 cm). POX-C was closely correlated to SOC, but showed significant increases compared to the untreated control in all treatments, while total SOC was only increased in a few treatments with small and frequent rates of EFB application. Overall, between 12 (±16) and 56 (±12) t ha-1 of carbon were sequestered under the harvesting path after 21 years. Focussing on the mineral nutrition value of the EFB, oil palm companies apply a rate of 60 t of EFB every second year for their commercial production, and the analysis of three commercial plots showed that the commercial rate only increased POX-C while it had no effect on the total SOC and SOC stocks. It seems obvious that a change of paradigm is necessary to consider EFB recycling as a new management perspective, where the potential for carbon sequestration becomes an important variable for climate change mitigation besides the initial objective of integrating EFB application into the fertiliser management plan of a plantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Marie Noirot
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Dorette Sophie Müller-Stöver
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Resti Wahyuningsih
- SMART Research Institute (SMARTRI), PT SMART Tbk, Jalan Soekarno Hatta Umar 19, RT 001 RW 008, 28294, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia.
| | - Helle Sørensen
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Abedgeno Simamora
- SMART Research Institute (SMARTRI), PT SMART Tbk, Jalan Soekarno Hatta Umar 19, RT 001 RW 008, 28294, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia.
| | - Jean-Pierre Caliman
- SMART Research Institute (SMARTRI), PT SMART Tbk, Jalan Soekarno Hatta Umar 19, RT 001 RW 008, 28294, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia.
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Dwi Advento A, Yusah KM, Salim H, Naim M, Caliman JP, Fayle TM. The first record of the parasitic myrmecophilous caterpillar Liphyrabrassolis (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) inside Asian weaver ant ( Oecophyllasmaragdina) nests in oil palm plantations. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e83842. [PMID: 36761604 PMCID: PMC9848595 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e83842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asian weaver ants (Oecophyllasmaragdina) are an important biocontrol agent in agricultural habitats. We conducted surveys in oil palm plantations in Riau, Indonesia for an obligate myrmecophilous butterfly larvae, Liphyrabrassolis (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae), that is known to consume weaver ant larvae in other habitat types. We found L.brassolis larvae in five of the twenty nests surveyed, with larval presence not being related to weaver ant nest size. We also observed L.brassolis larvae in a weaver ant mass rearing facility. This is the first report of L.brassolis from oil palm plantations and may have implications for the use of weaver ants as biological control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Dwi Advento
- Smart Research Institute, Pekanbaru, IndonesiaSmart Research InstitutePekanbaruIndonesia,Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, MalaysiaInstitute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluMalaysia
| | - Kalsum M Yusah
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, MalaysiaInstitute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluMalaysia,Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London, United KingdomRoyal Botanic Gardens KewLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Hasber Salim
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden Penang, Penang, MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden PenangPenangMalaysia
| | - Mohammad Naim
- Smart Research Institute, Pekanbaru, IndonesiaSmart Research InstitutePekanbaruIndonesia
| | - Jean-Pierre Caliman
- Smart Research Institute, Pekanbaru, IndonesiaSmart Research InstitutePekanbaruIndonesia
| | - Tom Maurice Fayle
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 1160/31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech RepublicBiology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 1160/31, 370 05České BudějoviceCzech Republic,School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United KingdomSchool of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Pashkevich MD, Spear DM, Advento AD, Caliman JP, Foster WA, Luke SH, Naim M, Ps S, Snaddon JL, Turner EC. Spiders in canopy and ground microhabitats are robust to changes in understory vegetation management practices in mature oil palm plantations (Riau, Indonesia). Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Guenet B, Gabrielle B, Chenu C, Arrouays D, Balesdent J, Bernoux M, Bruni E, Caliman JP, Cardinael R, Chen S, Ciais P, Desbois D, Fouche J, Frank S, Henault C, Lugato E, Naipal V, Nesme T, Obersteiner M, Pellerin S, Powlson DS, Rasse DP, Rees F, Soussana JF, Su Y, Tian H, Valin H, Zhou F. Can N 2 O emissions offset the benefits from soil organic carbon storage? Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:237-256. [PMID: 32894815 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To respect the Paris agreement targeting a limitation of global warming below 2°C by 2100, and possibly below 1.5°C, drastic reductions of greenhouse gas emissions are mandatory but not sufficient. Large-scale deployment of other climate mitigation strategies is also necessary. Among these, increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is an important lever because carbon in soils can be stored for long periods and land management options to achieve this already exist and have been widely tested. However, agricultural soils are also an important source of nitrous oxide (N2 O), a powerful greenhouse gas, and increasing SOC may influence N2 O emissions, likely causing an increase in many cases, thus tending to offset the climate change benefit from increased SOC storage. Here we review the main agricultural management options for increasing SOC stocks. We evaluate the amount of SOC that can be stored as well as resulting changes in N2 O emissions to better estimate the climate benefits of these management options. Based on quantitative data obtained from published meta-analyses and from our current level of understanding, we conclude that the climate mitigation induced by increased SOC storage is generally overestimated if associated N2 O emissions are not considered but, with the exception of reduced tillage, is never fully offset. Some options (e.g. biochar or non-pyrogenic C amendment application) may even decrease N2 O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Guenet
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSCALAY, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Benoit Gabrielle
- UMR ÉcoSys, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Claire Chenu
- UMR ÉcoSys, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | | | - Jérôme Balesdent
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Martial Bernoux
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Climate and Environment Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Bruni
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSCALAY, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | - Rémi Cardinael
- CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Harare, Zimbabwe
- AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
- Crop Science Department, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSCALAY, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Dominique Desbois
- UMR Économie publique, INRAE-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Julien Fouche
- Institut Agro, LISAH, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Stefan Frank
- IIASA, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Catherine Henault
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emanuele Lugato
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Directorate for Sustainable Resources, Ispra, Italy
| | - Victoria Naipal
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSCALAY, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Thomas Nesme
- ISPA, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- IIASA, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Sylvain Pellerin
- ISPA, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - David S Powlson
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Daniel P Rasse
- Department of Biogeochemistry and Soil Quality, NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Frédéric Rees
- UMR ÉcoSys, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | | | - Yang Su
- UMR ÉcoSys, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Hanqin Tian
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Hugo Valin
- IIASA, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Feng Zhou
- Sino-France Institute of Earth Systems Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
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Hood AS, Advento AD, Stone J, Fayle TM, Fairnie AL, Waters HS, Foster WA, Snaddon JL, Ps S, Caliman JP, Naim M, Turner EC. Removing understory vegetation in oil palm agroforestry reduces ground-foraging ant abundance but not species richness. Basic Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Silalahi DD, Midi H, Arasan J, Mustafa MS, Caliman JP. Kernel partial diagnostic robust potential to handle high-dimensional and irregular data space on near infrared spectral data. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03176. [PMID: 32042959 PMCID: PMC7002778 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In practice, the collected spectra are very often composes of complex overtone and many overlapping peaks which may lead to misinterpretation because of its significant nonlinear characteristics. Using linear solution might not be appropriate. In addition, with a high-dimension of dataset due to large number of observations and data points the classical multiple regressions will neglect to fit. These complexities commonly will impact to multicollinearity problem, furthermore the risk of contamination of multiple outliers and high leverage points also increases. To address these problems, a new method called Kernel Partial Diagnostic Robust Potential (KPDRGP) is introduced. The method allows the nonlinear solution which maps nonlinearly the original input X matrix into higher dimensional feature mapping with corresponds to the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces (RKHS). In dimensional reduction, the method replaces the dot products calculation of elements in the mapped data to a nonlinear function in the original input space. To prevent the contamination of the multiple outlier and high leverage points the robust procedure using Diagnostic Robust Generalized Potentials (DRGP) algorithm was used. The results verified that using the simulation and real data, the proposed KPDRGP method was superior to the methods in the class of non-kernel and some other robust methods with kernel solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Habshah Midi
- Institute of Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jayanthi Arasan
- Institute of Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shafie Mustafa
- Institute of Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Perez RPA, Dauzat J, Pallas B, Lamour J, Verley P, Caliman JP, Costes E, Faivre R. Designing oil palm architectural ideotypes for optimal light interception and carbon assimilation through a sensitivity analysis of leaf traits. Ann Bot 2018; 121:909-926. [PMID: 29293866 PMCID: PMC5906926 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Enhancement of light harvesting in annual crops has successfully led to yield increases since the green revolution. Such an improvement has mainly been achieved by selecting plants with optimal canopy architecture for specific agronomic practices. For perennials such as oil palm, breeding programmes were focused more on fruit yield, but now aim at exploring more complex traits. The aim of the present study is to investigate potential improvements in light interception and carbon assimilation in the study case of oil palm, by manipulating leaf traits and proposing architectural ideotypes. Methods Sensitivity analyses (Morris method and metamodel) were performed on a functional-structural plant model recently developed for oil palm which takes into account genetic variability, in order to virtually assess the impact of plant architecture on light interception efficiency and potential carbon acquisition. Key Results The most sensitive parameters found over plant development were those related to leaf area (rachis length, number of leaflets, leaflet morphology), although fine attributes related to leaf geometry showed increasing influence when the canopy became closed. In adult stands, optimized carbon assimilation was estimated on plants with a leaf area index between 3.2 and 5.5 m2 m-2 (corresponding to usual agronomic conditions), with erect leaves, short rachis and petiole, and high number of leaflets on the rachis. Four architectural ideotypes for carbon assimilation are proposed based on specific combinations of organ dimensions and arrangement that limit mutual shading and optimize light distribution within the plant crown. Conclusions A rapid set-up of leaf area is critical at young age to optimize light interception and subsequently carbon acquisition. At the adult stage, optimization of carbon assimilation could be achieved through specific combinations of architectural traits. The proposition of multiple morphotypes with comparable level of carbon assimilation opens the way to further investigate ideotypes carrying an optimal trade-off between carbon assimilation, plant transpiration and biomass partitioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël P A Perez
- CIRAD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, France
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Dauzat
- CIRAD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, France
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Benoît Pallas
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, SupAgro, Monpellier, France
| | | | - Philippe Verley
- IRD, UMR AMAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Evelyne Costes
- AGAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, SupAgro, Monpellier, France
| | - Robert Faivre
- Université Fédérale de Toulouse, INRA, UR875 MIAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Tao HH, Snaddon JL, Slade EM, Caliman JP, Widodo RH, Willis KJ. Long-term crop residue application maintains oil palm yield and temporal stability of production. Agron Sustain Dev 2017; 37:33. [PMID: 32010239 PMCID: PMC6961520 DOI: 10.1007/s13593-017-0439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Crop residue management is an important agricultural practice that has a high potential to improve soil health and optimize crop production. Compared to annual crops, relatively little is known about crop residue management effects on the yield and temporal stability of perennial crop production. This study focused on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), an important tropical crop that had expanded rapidly over the past decades. We aimed to understand the effects of applying a major oil palm residue, the empty fruit bunch, on crop yield and temporal stability of production. We compared 15 years of crop yield performance from a field trial in Sumatra, Indonesia. The treatments included empty fruit bunch application of three application rates (30, 60, and 90 t ha-1 year-1), and a reference treatment of chemical fertilizers with no addition of empty fruit bunch. Compared to the reference treatment, the cumulative crop yield over 15 years under low, medium, and high application rates of empty fruit bunch increased by 2.4, 5.9, and 4.8%, respectively. The annual crop yield and temporal stability in production were not significantly different between treatments. Soil organic carbon was significantly higher under medium application rate of empty fruit bunch compared to that under the chemical fertilizer treatment. Soil organic carbon and relative humidity were positively associated with annual crop yield with a time lag of 2 years. This study is the first to show that both crop yield and temporal variability of oil palm production can be maintained under crop residue application, compared to chemical fertilizer treatment. Furthermore, climatic conditions had strong effects on the temporal variability of oil palm production. These findings will inform the design of optimal empty fruit bunch application schemes that enhance sustainable intensification of oil palm cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Hang Tao
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire UK
| | - Jake L. Snaddon
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Eleanor M. Slade
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire UK
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire UK
| | | | - Rudi H. Widodo
- SMART Research Institute, Pt SMART, Pekanbaru, Riau Indonesia
| | - Kathrine J. Willis
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire UK
- Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Perez RPA, Pallas B, Le Moguédec G, Rey H, Griffon S, Caliman JP, Costes E, Dauzat J. Integrating mixed-effect models into an architectural plant model to simulate inter- and intra-progeny variability: a case study on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). J Exp Bot 2016; 67:4507-21. [PMID: 27302128 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of plants is time-consuming and involves considerable levels of data acquisition. This is possibly one reason why the integration of genetic variability into 3D architectural models has so far been largely overlooked. In this study, an allometry-based approach was developed to account for architectural variability in 3D architectural models of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as a case study. Allometric relationships were used to model architectural traits from individual leaflets to the entire crown while accounting for ontogenetic and morphogenetic gradients. Inter- and intra-progeny variabilities were evaluated for each trait and mixed-effect models were used to estimate the mean and variance parameters required for complete 3D virtual plants. Significant differences in leaf geometry (petiole length, density of leaflets, and rachis curvature) and leaflet morphology (gradients of leaflet length and width) were detected between and within progenies and were modelled in order to generate populations of plants that were consistent with the observed populations. The application of mixed-effect models on allometric relationships highlighted an interesting trade-off between model accuracy and ease of defining parameters for the 3D reconstruction of plants while at the same time integrating their observed variability. Future research will be dedicated to sensitivity analyses coupling the structural model presented here with a radiative balance model in order to identify the key architectural traits involved in light interception efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoît Pallas
- INRA, UMR 1334 AGAP, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | - Hervé Rey
- CIRAD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, F-34000 France
| | | | | | | | - Jean Dauzat
- CIRAD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, F-34000 France
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Kurz
- Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EJ U.K
| | - Edgar C. Turner
- Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EJ U.K
| | - Agung A. Aryawan
- SMART Research Institute; PT SMART Tbk, Jalan Tenku Umar 19 Pekan Baru 28112 Indonesia
| | - Hannah C. Barkley
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography; Woods Hole MA 02543 U.S.A
| | - Jean-Pierre Caliman
- SMART Research Institute; PT SMART Tbk, Jalan Tenku Umar 19 Pekan Baru 28112 Indonesia
| | - Oliver Konopik
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology; University of Würzburg; Theodor-Boveri-Institut; Biozentrum, Am Hubland Würzburg D-97074 Germany
| | - Sudharto Ps.
- SMART Research Institute; PT SMART Tbk, Jalan Tenku Umar 19 Pekan Baru 28112 Indonesia
| | - William A. Foster
- Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EJ U.K
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Comte I, Colin F, Grünberger O, Whalen JK, Harto Widodo R, Caliman JP. Watershed-scale assessment of oil palm cultivation impact on water quality and nutrient fluxes: a case study in Sumatra (Indonesia). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:7676-7695. [PMID: 25843822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High fertilizer input is necessary to sustain high yields in oil palm agroecosystems, but it may endanger neighboring aquatic ecosystems when excess nutrients are transported to waterways. In this study, the hydrochemical dynamics of groundwater and streams under baseflow conditions were evaluated with bi-monthly measurements for 1 year on 16 watersheds. Hydrochemical measurements were related to the spatial distribution of soil and fertilization practices across a landscape of 100 km(2), dominated by oil palm cultivation, in Central Sumatra, Indonesia. The low nutrient concentrations recorded in streams throughout the landscape indicated that the mature oil palm plantations in this study did not contribute to eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. This was ascribed to high nutrient uptake by oil palm, a rational fertilizer program, and dilution of nutrient concentrations due to heavy rainfall in the study area. Soil type controlled dissolved inorganic N and total P fluxes, with greater losses of N and P from loamy-sand uplands than loamy lowlands. Organic fertilization helped to reduce nutrient fluxes compared to mineral fertilizers. However, when K inputs exceeded the oil palm requirement threshold, high K export occurred during periods when groundwater had a short residence time. For higher nutrient use efficiency in the long term, the field-scale fertilizer management should be complemented with a landscape-scale strategy of fertilizer applications that accounts for soil variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Comte
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, 21 111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Quebec, Canada,
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13
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Jennings AP, Naim M, Advento AD, Aryawan AAK, Ps S, Caliman JP, Verwilghen A, Veron G. Diversity and occupancy of small carnivores within oil palm plantations in central Sumatra, Indonesia. MAMMAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-015-0217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Verwilghen A, Rabillard MA, Chaval Y, Rieffel D, Sinaga MH, Naim M, Caliman JP, Giraudoux P, Raoul F. Relative age determination of Rattus tiomanicus using allometric measurements. MAMMALIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2013-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Combres JC, Pallas BT, Rouan L, Mialet-Serra I, Caliman JP, Braconnier S, Souli JC, Dingkuhn M. Simulation of inflorescence dynamics in oil palm and estimation of environment-sensitive phenological phases: a model based analysis. Funct Plant Biol 2013; 40:263-279. [PMID: 32481106 DOI: 10.1071/fp12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For oil palm, yield variation is in large part due to variation in the number of harvested bunches. Each successively-produced phytomer carries a female (productive), male or aborted inflorescence. Since phytomer development takes 3-4 years and nearly two phytomers are produced per month, many inflorescences develop in parallel but have different phenological stages. Environment-dependent developmental rate, sex and abortion probability determine bunch productivity, which, in turn, affects other phytomers via source-sink relationships. Water deficit, solar radiation, temperature and day length are considered key external factors driving variation. Their impact is difficult to predict because of system complexity. To address this question we built a simple model (ECOPALM) to simulate the variation in number of harvested bunches. In this model, trophic competition among organs, expressed through a plant-scale index (Ic), drives sex determination and inflorescence abortion during specific sensitive phases at phytomer level. As a supplemental hypothesis, we propose that flowering is affected by photoperiod at phytomer level during a sensitive phase, thus, contributing to seasonal production peaks. The model was used to determine by parameter optimisation the influence of Ic and day length on inflorescence development and the stages at which inflorescences are sensitive to these signals. Parameters were estimated against observation of number of harvested bunches in Ivory Coast using a genetic algorithm. The model was then validated with field observations in Benin and Indonesia. The sensitive phases determined by parameter optimisation agreed with independent experimental evidence, and variation of Ic explained both sex and abortion patterns. Sex determination seemed to coincide with floret meristem individualisation and occurred 29-32 months before bunch harvest. The main abortion stage occurred 10 months before harvest - at the beginning of rapid growth of the inflorescence. Simulation results suggest involvement of photoperiod in the determination of bunch growth dynamics. This study demonstrates that simple modelling approaches can help extracting ecophysiological information from simple field observations on complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beno T Pallas
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, Avenue d'Agropolis, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Lauriane Rouan
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Avenue d'Agropolis, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - Serge Braconnier
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Avenue d'Agropolis, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | | | - Michael Dingkuhn
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Avenue d'Agropolis, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Pallas B, Mialet-Serra I, Rouan L, Clément-Vidal A, Caliman JP, Dingkuhn M. Effect of source/sink ratios on yield components, growth dynamics and structural characteristics of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) bunches. Tree Physiol 2013; 33:409-24. [PMID: 23532136 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpt015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Source/sink ratios are known to be one of the main determinants of oil palm growth and development. A long-term experiment (9 years) was conducted in Indonesia on mature oil palms subjected to continuous bunch ablation and partial defoliation treatments to artificially modify source/sink ratios. During the experiment, all harvested bunches were dissected and phenological measurements were carried out to analyse the effect of source/sink ratios on yield components explaining variations in bunch number, the number of fruits per bunch and oil dry weight per fruit. An integrative variable (supply/demand ratio) describing the ratio between the assimilate supply from sources and the growing organ demand for carbohydrate was computed for each plant on a daily basis from observations of the number of developing organs and their sink strength, and of climate variables. Defoliation and bunch ablation affected the bunch number and the fruit number per bunch. Variations in bunch number per month were mainly due to variations in the fraction of aborted inflorescence and in the ratio between female and male inflorescences. Under fluctuating trophic conditions, variations in fruit number per bunch resulted both from changes in fruit-set and in the number of branches (rachillae) per inflorescence. For defoliated plants, the decrease in the number of developing reproductive sinks appeared to be sufficient to maintain fruit weight and oil concentration at the control level, without any major decrease in the concentration of non-structural carbohydrate reserves. Computation of the supply/demand ratio revealed that each yield component had a specific phase of sensitivity to supply/demand ratios during inflorescence development. Establishing quantitative relationships between supply/demand ratios, competition and yield components is the first step towards a functional model for oil palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Pallas
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, Avenue d'Agropolis, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Andru J, Cosson JF, Caliman JP, Benoit E. Coumatetralyl resistance of Rattus tanezumi infesting oil palm plantations in Indonesia. Ecotoxicology 2013; 22:377-386. [PMID: 23264020 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-1032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Rodent control is an important issue in human health and agriculture. Oil palm plantations are rapidly expanding in Indonesia and this is having a major economic and ecological impact. Rodent control in oil palm plantations is based principally on the use of anti-vitamin K (AVK), the main anticoagulant used being coumatetralyl, a first-generation AVK. We conducted a comparative study in two well established oil palm plantations in Indonesia: (1) one without chemical control in Riau and (2) another with intensive coumatetralyl use on Bangka Island. Rat species were identified by the molecular barcoding method. Susceptibility to coumatetralyl was then assessed within the two populations and we screened for mutations in vkorc1, which encodes the molecular target of AVK. Different species were found in the two areas: Rattus tiomanicus in Riau, and a mix of R. tanezumi and a close relative one in Bangka. The rats in Riau were much more susceptible to coumatetralyl than those in Bangka. This study is the first to demonstrate physiological tolerance to AVK in these species. vkorc1 displayed low levels of polymorphism, and no SNP was associated with the high-tolerance phenotypes of R. tanezumi clade, even those exposed to very high concentrations (32 × the effective dose of 0.36 mg kg(-1)). The biochemical basis of this tolerance remains unknown, but may involve the vkorc1 promoter and/or cytochrome P450 metabolism. We discuss our results and the selective role of anticoagulant use in the occurrence of phenotypic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Andru
- VetAgro Sup, UMR 1233 INRA-DGER, Métabolisme des Xénobiotiques et Mycotoxines, Lyon University, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
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18
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Lelong CCD, Roger JM, Brégand S, Dubertret F, Lanore M, Sitorus NA, Raharjo DA, Caliman JP. Evaluation of oil-palm fungal disease infestation with canopy hyperspectral reflectance data. Sensors (Basel) 2010; 10:734-47. [PMID: 22315565 PMCID: PMC3270866 DOI: 10.3390/s100100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fungal disease detection in perennial crops is a major issue in estate management and production. However, nowadays such diagnostics are long and difficult when only made from visual symptom observation, and very expensive and damaging when based on root or stem tissue chemical analysis. As an alternative, we propose in this study to evaluate the potential of hyperspectral reflectance data to help detecting the disease efficiently without destruction of tissues. This study focuses on the calibration of a statistical model of discrimination between several stages of Ganoderma attack on oil palm trees, based on field hyperspectral measurements at tree scale. Field protocol and measurements are first described. Then, combinations of pre-processing, partial least square regression and linear discriminant analysis are tested on about hundred samples to prove the efficiency of canopy reflectance in providing information about the plant sanitary status. A robust algorithm is thus derived, allowing classifying oil-palm in a 4-level typology, based on disease severity from healthy to critically sick stages, with a global performance close to 94%. Moreover, this model discriminates sick from healthy trees with a confidence level of almost 98%. Applications and further improvements of this experiment are finally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille C. D. Lelong
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, 500 Rue J.-F. Breton, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +33-467-548-737; Fax: +33-467-548-700
| | - Jean-Michel Roger
- Cemagref, UMR ITAP, 361 Rue J.-F. Breton, 34196 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; E-Mail:
| | - Simon Brégand
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, 500 Rue J.-F. Breton, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Fabrice Dubertret
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, 500 Rue J.-F. Breton, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Mathieu Lanore
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, 500 Rue J.-F. Breton, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | - Doni A. Raharjo
- P.T. SMART, SMARTRI, Pekanbaru, Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia; E-Mail:
| | - Jean-Pierre Caliman
- CIRAD, UR34 & P.T. SMART, SMARTRI, Pekanbaru, Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia; E-Mail:
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