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Groucutt J, Nash M, Bradford J. Widening access to SHINE (simulation to help in neonatal emergencies) to include neonatal qualified in specialty (QIS) course students. Simul Healthc 2022. [DOI: 10.54531/jeaj3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simulation is known to improve clinical skills and team communication. A full-day neonatal emergency simulation course was established in 2018 for paediatric postgraduate doctors in training. It consists of four scenarios and two workshops for eight candidates; running 4 times per year. The candidates are split into 2 groups allowing each to ‘lead’ a scenario with traditionally faculty placed as nursing plants. In contrast, simulations run on our neonatal unit involve both nursing staff and medical candidates, allowing for true multidisciplinary working. Access and funding for simulation can be more difficult for nurses but it is known that the protected environment and the sense of security enhance nursing students’ self-esteem and confidence, thus promoting learning [1]. The aim of the study was to make the SHINE course more authentic to real life with a multidisciplinary approach to the scenarios; to see if inviting neonatal unit nurses to the course affected the postgraduate doctors in training feedback (which has always been consistently positive); and to assess if the nurses felt it was beneficial for their training.
We invited four nurses to SHINE who were about to complete their Neonatal Qualified in Specialty (QIS) Course. They took the nursing role in the scenarios either caring for the baby (a manikin) in the neonatal unit or carrying the labour ward delivery nursing bleep. We evaluated the relevance, confidence levels, and the learning environment for both the doctors and nurses attending the course via a written anonymous survey.
The doctor’s feedback was very positive and comparable to previous courses ran with all of them recommending the course to their colleagues, and they felt they had enough opportunity to interact. The nurses felt sessions were very relevant to their current practice and all of them improved their level of confidence. They felt there was the correct number of scenarios and workshops; that the debriefings were well structured and educational; the learning environment was safe and supportive; and all would recommend the course to a colleague. Comments included ‘Really enjoyed the day and it has definitely helped me to feel more confident – especially as I’ve only just started holding the bleep.’
SHINE is a well-established sought-after course shown to be effective and highly valued by paediatric postgraduate doctors in training. Given the positive feedback, we will be inviting four nurses to each SHINE course and integrating it in to Qualified in Specialty training.
1. Koukourikos K, Tsaloglidou A, Kourkouta L, Papathanasiou IV, Iliadis C, Fratzana A, Panagiotou A. Simulation in Clinical Nursing Education. Acta Inform Med. 2021;29(1):15–20.
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Trang A, Alptekin A, Rajpurohit S, Arbab A, Bradford J. Characterization of An Inducible p65 Knockout Mouse Model for Studying Glioblastoma. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Trang
- Biological SciencesAugusta UniversityAugustaGA
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3
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Fischer G, Bradford J. Interactions between vulvovaginal disorders and urinary disorders: The case for an integrated view of the pelvis. Int J Womens Dermatol 2022; 7:600-605. [PMID: 35005179 PMCID: PMC8721064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower urinary tract symptomatology is often difficult to categorize if history and investigation focus only on the urinary tract. Disease and dysfunction in organs more posteriorly can often cause or influence such bladder and urethral symptoms. Vulvovaginal skin diseases are an important but often missed influence on lower urinary tract symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Bradford
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Corresponding Author:
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Sommerville M, Lim LL, Bradford J, Brett J, Hoskins A, Bull A, Worth L. From manual to electronic: An evaluation of current data handling systems for surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in Victoria. Infect Dis Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yeon J, Oakley A, Olsson A, Drummond C, Veysey E, Marshman G, Saunders H, Opie J, Bradford J, Cole J, DeAmbrosis K, Cook K, Pepall L, Eva LJ, Sladden M, Selva-Nayagam P, Phillips R, Ball S, Hill S, Bohl T, Day T, Lee G, Fischer G. Vulval lichen sclerosus: An Australasian management consensus. Australas J Dermatol 2021; 62:292-299. [PMID: 34117779 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vulval lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition predominantly affecting the anogenital region in women and children. To date, there is lack of agreement amongst experts on a severity scale to aid assessment, research and treatment stratification on VLS. Furthermore, literature on best practice for long-term management of VLS is lacking. The aim of this consensus is to provide broad guidelines on the short and long-term management of VLS. METHODS An initial focus group of Australasian experts in vulval dermatology developed a draft consensus statement for the management of VLS. Based on the results of the draft statement, a consensus panel of 22 Australasian experts, comprised of the initial and additional members, participated in an anonymous four-stage eDelphi process. Round 1 involved generation and voting on statements from the draft consensus statement developed by the focus group. In Rounds 2, 3 & 4, panel members were presented formal feedback from previous rounds and asked to indicate their level of agreement. Consensus was reached if there was ≥70% agreement on the importance of an item in the 4 (agree) to 5 (strongly agree) range. RESULTS The expert panel, with a total of 504 collective years of experience in the field of VLS, reached consensus on a core set of 51 management statements related to diagnosis, severity, initial and long-term management, follow-up, and complications of VLS. CONCLUSIONS This study has identified a set of management statements for VLS that may be useful in clinical practice in the Australasian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Yeon
- The Skin Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Oakley
- Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Ann Olsson
- Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine Drummond
- Department of Dermatology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma Veysey
- Dermatology Department, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gillian Marshman
- Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.,Flinders University Medical School, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Helen Saunders
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Victoria and Dermatology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacinta Opie
- Dermatogynaecology Clinic, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Austin Health Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Bradford
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Judith Cole
- St John of God Dermatology, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate DeAmbrosis
- Mater Misericordiae Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn Cook
- Obstetrician and Gynecologist at Vulval Clinic, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,Sexual Health Physician at Melbourne Sexual Health Clinic, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Linda Pepall
- Royal Street Dermatology, Yokine, Western Australian, Australia
| | - Lois Jane Eva
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, National Women's Health at Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Sladden
- Department of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Priya Selva-Nayagam
- Department of Dermatology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Roderic Phillips
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University Melbourne, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally Ball
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah Hill
- Tristram clinic, Hamilton Lake, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Tanja Bohl
- Vulva Clinic, Jean Hailes Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tania Day
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Lee
- Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gayle Fischer
- Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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Chin S, Scurry J, Bradford J, Lee G, Fischer G. Association of Topical Corticosteroids With Reduced Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Recurrence in Patients With Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus. JAMA Dermatol 2021; 156:813-814. [PMID: 32374363 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Chin
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Scurry
- New South Wales Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Geoffrey Lee
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gayle Fischer
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Follett RF, Stewart CE, Bradford J, Pruessner EG, Sims PL, Vigil MF. Stable C isotope data of southern mixed-grass prairie vegetation from Oklahoma, United States. Data Brief 2020; 32:106204. [PMID: 32923535 PMCID: PMC7476062 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable carbon isotopic data (δ13C) of 41 individual plant species was collected from long-term grazed and ungrazed pastures in Oklahoma, USA. These data can serve as a library of stable carbon isotope values for Southern mixed-grass prairie species. Seventeen warm-season (C4) and twenty-four cool-season (C3) plants were identified and collected from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Southern Plains Experimental Range (SPER). Plant samples were dried at 55°C, and ground finely. The δ13C isotopic compositions were determined using a Europa Scientific automated nitrogen carbon analyzer (ANCA/NT) with a Solid/Liquid Preparation Module (Dumas combustion sample preparation system) coupled to a Europa 20-20 Stable isotope analyzer continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Sercon Ltd, formerly Europa Scientific Ltd., Crewe, England). These data can be used as end members in isotopic mixing models or in paleoecology to correlate soil ages with plant species composition. Data from plant species provides information about soil organic carbon sequestration and possible long-term climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Follett
- Soil Management and Sugarbeet Research Unit USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Fort Collins CO 80526, U.S.A
| | - C E Stewart
- Soil Management and Sugarbeet Research Unit USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Fort Collins CO 80526, U.S.A
| | - J Bradford
- Southern Plains Range Research Station USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS). Woodward, OK 73801, U.S.A
| | - E G Pruessner
- Soil Management and Sugarbeet Research Unit USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Fort Collins CO 80526, U.S.A
| | - Phillip L Sims
- Southern Plains Range Research Station USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS). Woodward, OK 73801, U.S.A
| | - M F Vigil
- Soil Management and Sugarbeet Research Unit USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Fort Collins CO 80526, U.S.A
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Graham DM, Wickert G, Goodwin L, Clarke J, Timmins C, Chang D, Walker A, Rees A, Stringer S, Theis A, Carter L, Cook N, Krebs M, Thistlethwaite FC, Bradford J, Royle J, Hughes AM. A multidisciplinary-tailored digital solution to data capture in early phase clinical trials. J Glob Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2019.5.suppl.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2 Background: Data capture in early phase cancer clinical trials (EPCCT) is usually via paper records with manual transcription to the sponsor’s case report form. Capturing real time trial data directly to computer (eSource) may reduce errors and increase completeness and timeliness of data entry. A simulated system pilot took place between Oct 2018 and Jan 2019 at an EPCCT facility to appraise Foundry Health’s eSource system “ClinSpark”. Aims were to assess consistency and effectiveness of creating electronic templates for source data capture and live data collection compliance. Methods: A multidisciplinary focus group (MFG) (2 research nurses, 1 doctor, 3 data managers) was created to collaborate with Foundry Health staff. Specialised features of the eSource system were adapted to handle the complex needs of EPCCT. The pilot incorporated a 5 day boot camp for familiarisation to the digital platform; a conference room test using simulated patient data; construction of a trial template including contingency planning; and a clinic floor test with live simulated patient data collection using digital tablets. The MFG agreed on a 52 item user acceptance test listing ideal features for a data collection tool, with items classified as high, medium or low priority. Results: During the 3 month pilot, templates for 2 EPCCT were planned and created by the MFG. Using eSource, 43 items (83%) of the acceptance test were passed compared with 27 items (52%) for the current (paper) system. For the 30 high-priority items, eSource passed 30 (100%) compared with 22 for the paper system (73%). The paper system was not superior to eSource for any items assessed. Time saving and potential error reduction were noted as additional benefits. Conclusions: This process demonstrates that a multidisciplinary approach can be used to successfully integrate a customised eSource system working with previously untrained staff. Improved performance across pre-specified domains and potential additional benefits were noted. As FDA encourages use of digital solutions in clinical trials, using eSource provides a potential solution for compliant and efficient data capture from protocol assessments at investigator sites and rapid data transfer to sponsors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M. Graham
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Wickert
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Leanna Goodwin
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Clarke
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Timmins
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dilshad Chang
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Walker
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Rees
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Louise Carter
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Cook
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Krebs
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona C. Thistlethwaite
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jennifer Royle
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Graham DM, Clarke J, Wickert G, Goodwin L, Timmins C, Chang D, Walker A, Rees A, Stringer S, Theis A, Carter L, Cook N, Krebs M, Thistlethwaite F, Hughes AM, Bradford J. A multidisciplinary-guided digital solution to data capture in early-phase clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e18063 Background: Data capture in early phase cancer clinical trials (EPCCT) is usually via paper records with manual transcription to the sponsor’s case report form. Capturing real time trial data directly to computer (eSource) may reduce errors and increase completeness and timeliness of data entry. A simulated system pilot took place between Oct 2018 and Jan 2019 at an EPCCT facility to appraise Foundry Health’s eSource system “ClinSpark”. Aims were to assess consistency and effectiveness of creating electronic templates for source data capture and live data collection compliance. Methods: A multidisciplinary focus group (2 research nurses, 1 doctor, 3 data managers) was created to collaborate with Foundry Health staff. The focus group agreed on a 52 item user acceptance test listing ideal features for a data collection tool, classifying items as high, medium or low priority. Specialised features of the eSource system were adapted to handle the complex needs of EPCCT. The pilot incorporated a 5 day boot camp for familiarisation to the digital platform; a conference room test using simulated patient data; construction of a trial template including contingency planning; and a clinic floor test with live simulated patient data collection using digital tablets. Results: During the 3 month pilot, templates for 2 EPCCT were planned and created. Using eSource, 43 items (83%) of the acceptance test were passed compared with 27 items (52%) for the current (paper-based) system. The paper system did not pass any of the 9 items for which eSource failed. For the 30 high priority items, eSource passed 30 (100%) compared with 22 for the paper system (73%). Time saving and potential error reduction were noted as additional benefits. Conclusions: This process demonstrates that a multidisciplinary approach can be used to successfully integrate a customised eSource system working with previously untrained staff. Improved performance across pre-specified domains and potential additional benefits were noted. As FDA encourages the use of digital solutions in clinical trials, using eSource provides a potential solution for compliant and efficient capture of data from protocol assessments at investigator sites and rapid data transfer to sponsors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M. Graham
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Clarke
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Wickert
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Leanna Goodwin
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Timmins
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dilshad Chang
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Walker
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Rees
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Louise Carter
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Cook
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Krebs
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Thistlethwaite
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bradford
- Centre for Vulvo-vaginal Health, North Shore Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gayle Fischer
- Discipline of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Nguyen Y, Bradford J, Fischer G. Lichen sclerosus in pregnancy: A review of 33 cases. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2018; 58:686-689. [DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Nguyen
- Discipline of DermatologySydney Medical School CentralThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of DermatologyRoyal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown New South Wales Australia
| | | | - Gayle Fischer
- Discipline of DermatologySydney Medical School NorthernThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of DermatologyRoyal North Shore Hospital St Leonards New South Wales Australia
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12
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Nguyen Y, Bradford J, Fischer G. Cyproterone acetate in the treatment of oestrogen hypersensitivity vulvovaginitis. Australas J Dermatol 2018; 59:52-54. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Dermatology; Royal North Shore Hospital; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | | | - Gayle Fischer
- Department of Dermatology; Kolling Institute; Northern Sydney Local Health District; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Dermatology; Royal North Shore Hospital; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Taylor F, Bradford J, Woll P, Teare D, Cox A. Non-invasive detection of lung cancer by identifying copy number aberrations in circulating cell-free DNA with next generation sequencing to aid early detection. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx381.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Bingham M, Bhamra I, Armer R, Thompson B, Woodcock S, Thomason A, Phillips C, McKeever H, Bradford J, Chaffey B, Little L, Clack G. Identification of an RNF43 mutated gastric cancer patient population with potential sensitivity to porcupine inhibitor RXC004 and development of a complimentary ctDNA liquid biopsy assay for patient screening. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Achyut BR, Bradford J, Angara K, Rashid M, Jain M, Borin T, Iskander ASM, Ara R, Arbab A. Abstract 3968: Canonical NFkB signaling in myeloid cells is required for the glioblastoma growth. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-3968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) development and therapeutic resistance has been accompanying with the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMs are heterogeneous cell populations of immune regulatory myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and polarization of anti-tumor macrophages (M1) into pro-tumor macrophages (M2). We investigated the role of myeloid cell NF-κB signaling in orthotopic GBM model using immune deficient and immune competent hosts. Interestingly, conditional deletion of canonical NF-κB signaling (p65) with Lysm-Cre (p65 KO) in myeloid cells, significantly inhibited syngeneic GL261 tumor growth in immune-competent mice compared to control mice. We studied the TAMs recruitment to the tumor and their polarization under the influence of TME. P65 KO mice displayed decreasing trend of immune cell infiltration (CD45), which phenotyped as decreased F4/80+, CD68+, CD206+ (M2) and Gr1+CD11b+ (MDSCs) macrophages, compared to control mice. This was associated with the increased CD80+ (M1) macrophages, increasing trend of CD4+ and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and decreased CD44+ mesenchymal cancer stem cells (CSCs) populations in the TME. Cytokine array data indicated that loss of canonical NF-κB signaling within the TAMs was implicated in increased production of IFNγ, IGF1, MCP1, MIP1α, and TNFα cytokines. Co-culture of T cells with p65 KO or control MDSCs identified increased proliferation of T cells with p65 KO MDSCs compared to control MDSCs. Conversely, GBM patient-derived xenografts and U251 GBM cell line-derived tumors showed increasing trend of growth in immune-deficient mice, following the transplantation of p65 KO bone marrow (BM) compared to control BM. Pro-tumor macrophages and CSCs were increased and T cell populations were decreased in human tumors grown in immune deficient mice transplanted with p65 KO BM, compared with control BM. In addition, analysis of human data set revealed higher expression of p65 subunit of NF-κB complex in brain tumor stroma compared to the tumor cells. The study suggests that canonical NF-κB signaling in TAMs is required for the tumor-promoting macrophage polarization and GBM growth in immunocompetent host compared to immune deficient host. Therefore, targeting myeloid-specific NFκB signaling in GBM could inhibit the immune suppressive TAMs and improve the anti-tumor immunity.
Citation Format: Bhagelu R. Achyut, Jennifer Bradford, Kartik Angara, Mohammad Rashid, Meenu Jain, Thaiz Borin, ASM Iskander, Roxan Ara, Ali Arbab. Canonical NFkB signaling in myeloid cells is required for the glioblastoma growth [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3968. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3968
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Orr E, Bennett N, Bradford J, Johnson S, Bull A, Richards MJ, Worth LJ. Hand hygiene monitoring in residential aged care: National and international perspectives with relevance to Australian facilities. Infect Dis Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2016.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Scott CJ, Bradford J, Bell SA, Wilkinson J, Barnard L, Smith D, Tudor S. Using the ionospheric response to the solar eclipse on 20 March 2015 to detect spatial structure in the solar corona. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2016; 374:rsta.2015.0216. [PMID: 27550766 PMCID: PMC5004048 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The total solar eclipse that occurred over the Arctic region on 20 March 2015 was seen as a partial eclipse over much of Europe. Observations of this eclipse were used to investigate the high time resolution (1 min) decay and recovery of the Earth's ionospheric E-region above the ionospheric monitoring station in Chilton, UK. At the altitude of this region (100 km), the maximum phase of the eclipse was 88.88% obscuration of the photosphere occurring at 9:29:41.5 UT. In comparison, the ionospheric response revealed a maximum obscuration of 66% (leaving a fraction, Φ, of uneclipsed radiation of 34±4%) occurring at 9:29 UT. The eclipse was re-created using data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory to estimate the fraction of radiation incident on the Earth's atmosphere throughout the eclipse from nine different emission wavelengths in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray spectrum. These emissions, having varying spatial distributions, were each obscured differently during the eclipse. Those wavelengths associated with coronal emissions (94, 211 and 335 Å) most closely reproduced the time varying fraction of unobscured radiation observed in the ionosphere. These results could enable historic ionospheric eclipse measurements to be interpreted in terms of the distribution of EUV and X-ray emissions on the solar disc.This article is part of the themed issue 'Atmospheric effects of solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse'.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Scott
- Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Earley Gate, PO Box 243, Reading RG6 6BB, UK
| | - J Bradford
- RAL Space, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK
| | - S A Bell
- H.M. Nautical Almanac Office, UK Hydrographic Office, Admiralty Way, Taunton TA1 2DN, UK
| | - J Wilkinson
- Zooniverse, c/o Astrophysics Department, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - L Barnard
- Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Earley Gate, PO Box 243, Reading RG6 6BB, UK
| | - D Smith
- North Wales Astronomy Society, Colwyn Bay, UK
| | - S Tudor
- North Wales Astronomy Society, Colwyn Bay, UK
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Morton J, Brethauer S, Fraker T, Bradford J, Huffman K, Berger E, Petrick A, Ko C. Decreasing Readmissions through Opportunities Provided (DROP): The First National Quality Improvement Collaborative from the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP). Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Barua S, Hng TM, Smith H, Bradford J, McLean M. Ovulatory disorders are an independent risk factor for pregnancy complications in women receiving assisted reproduction treatments. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2016; 57:286-293. [PMID: 27396715 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conception using assisted reproduction treatments (ART) has been associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications. It is uncertain if this is caused by ART directly, or is an association of the underlying factors causing infertility. AIMS We assessed the relationship between assisted conception (AC) and maternal or fetal complications in a large retrospective cohort study. In a nested cohort of women receiving infertility treatment, we determined if such risk rests predominantly with certain causes of infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective database analysis of 50 381 women delivering a singleton pregnancy in four public hospital obstetric units in western Sydney, and a nested cohort of 508 women receiving ART at a single fertility centre, in whom the cause of infertility was known. RESULTS A total of 1727 pregnancies followed AC; 48 654 were spontaneous conceptions. Adjusted for age, body mass index and smoking, AC was associated with increased risk of preterm delivery (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.50-2.02), hypertension (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.34-1.82) and diabetes (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.30-1.75). In the nested cohort, ovulatory dysfunction was present in 145 women and 336 had infertility despite normal ovulatory function. Ovulatory dysfunction was associated with increased risk of diabetes (OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.72-5.02) and hypertension (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.15-5.00) compared to women with normal ovulatory function. CONCLUSIONS Assisted conception is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications. This risk appears greatest for women whose underlying infertility involves ovulatory dysfunction. Such disorders probably predispose towards diabetes and hypertension, which is then exacerbated by pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Barua
- Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Mark McLean
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia.,Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, NSW, Australia
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Lee A, Bradford J, Fischer G. Evidence-based (S3) guideline on (anogenital) lichen sclerosus. JEADV. 2015; 29(10):e1-e43. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 31:e57-e58. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Lee
- Department of Dermatology; Royal North Shore Hospital; St Leonards NSW Australia
- The University of Sydney; Sydney Medical School Northern; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Department of Dermatology; Kolling Institute; St Leonards NSW Australia
| | - J. Bradford
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; University of Western Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - G. Fischer
- Department of Dermatology; Royal North Shore Hospital; St Leonards NSW Australia
- The University of Sydney; Sydney Medical School Northern; St Leonards NSW Australia
- Department of Dermatology; Kolling Institute; St Leonards NSW Australia
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22
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Wittek S, Bustos Ramirez R, Alvarado Zacarias J, Sanjabi Eznaveh Z, Bradford J, Lopez Galmiche G, Zhang D, Zhu W, Antonio-Lopez J, Shah L, Amezcua Correa R. Mode-selective amplification in a large mode area Yb-doped fiber using a photonic lantern. Opt Lett 2016; 41:2157-2160. [PMID: 27176951 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.002157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate selective spatial mode amplification in a few mode, double-clad Yb-doped large mode area (LMA) fiber, utilizing an all-fiber photonic lantern. Amplification to multi-watt output power is achieved while preserving high spatial mode selectivity. We observe gain values of over 12 dB for all modes: LP01, LP11a, and LP11b, when amplified individually. Additionally, we investigate the simultaneous amplification of LP01+LP11a and LP11a+LP11b, and the resultant mode competition. The proposed architecture allows for the reconfigurable excitation of spatial modes in the LMA fiber amplifiers, and represents a promising method that could enable dynamic spatial mode control in high power fiber lasers.
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Adult vulvar lichen sclerosis (VLS) may be complicated by loss of vulvar structure and vulvar carcinoma. There is a lack of evidence as to the ideal method to maintain long-term remission and prevent complications. OBJECTIVES To determine whether long-term preventive topical corticosteroid (TCS) treatment of VLS, with a target outcome of induction and maintenance of normal skin texture and color, reduces the risk of vulvar carcinoma, relieves symptoms, improves function, and preserves vulvar architecture, and to evaluate the adverse effects of treatment. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted in 507 women with biopsy-proved VLS from January 2, 2008, through September 26, 2014, in the private practice of a dermatologist and a gynecologist in Sydney, Australia. INTERVENTIONS Preventive treatment using TCSs of various potencies, adjusted to meet a target outcome of normal skin color and texture, with regular long-term follow-up by a dermatologist or gynecologist. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Symptoms or signs of VLS, scarring, development of malignant neoplasms, and adverse effects. RESULTS The mean age at presentation was 55.4 years (range, 18-86 years); duration of symptoms at presentation, 5.0 years (range, 0.1-40.0 years); and duration of follow-up, 4.7 years (range, 2.0-6.8 years). Remission was induced with a potent TCS, followed by regular preventive TCS treatment of a potency titrated to achieve the target outcome. Patients were followed up at least annually. A total of 150 patients (29.6%) did not carry out the advised treatment and were considered partially compliant. A total of 357 patients (70.4%) adhered to treatment instructions and were considered compliant. Biopsy-proved squamous cell carcinoma or vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia occurred during follow-up in 0 of the compliant patients vs. 7 (4.7%) of the partially compliant patients (P < .001). Suppression of symptoms occurred in 333 (93.3%) compliant patients vs. 87 (58.0%) partially compliant patients (P < .001). Adhesions and scarring occurred during follow-up in 12 (3.4%) compliant patients and 60 (40.0%) partially compliant patients (P < .001). Reversible TCS-induced cutaneous atrophy occurred in 4 (1.1%) compliant patients and 3 (2.0%) partially compliant patients. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This prospective, single-center, longitudinal cohort study of adult patients with VLS suggests that individualized preventive TCS regimens that achieve objective normality of skin color and texture and are used by compliant patients who attend regular long-term follow-up visits may modify the course of the disease. There was a significant difference in symptom control, scarring, and occurrence of vulvar carcinoma between compliant and partially compliant patients. The adverse effects of TCSs were minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lee
- Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Bradford
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gayle Fischer
- Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bradford
- Obstetrics & Gynaecology, FRANZCOG, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Dyer G, Gilroy N, Bradford J, Brice L, Kabir M, Greenwood M, Larsen SR, Moore J, Hertzberg M, Kwan J, Brown L, Hogg M, Huang G, Tan J, Ward C, Kerridge I. A survey of fertility and sexual health following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in New South Wales, Australia. Br J Haematol 2015; 172:592-601. [PMID: 26847746 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Four hundred and twenty-one adult allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) survivors participated in a cross-sectional study to assess sexual dysfunction and infertility post-transplant. Survey instruments included the Sydney Post-Blood and Marrow Transplant (BMT) Survey, Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment (FACT) - BMT, the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS 21), the Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease (cGVHD) Activity Assessment- Patient Self Report (Form B), the Lee cGVHD Symptom Scale and The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Most HSCT survivors reported sexual difficulties (51% of males; 66% of females). Men reported erectile dysfunction (79%) and decreased libido (61·6%) and women reported loss of libido (83%), painful intercourse (73%) and less enjoyment of sex (68%). Women also commonly reported vaginal dryness (73%), vaginal narrowing (34%) and vaginal irritation (26%). Woman had much higher rates of genital cGvHD than men (22% vs. 5%). Age and cGVHD were significantly associated with sexual dysfunction. Few survivors had children following transplant (3·3%). However, for those of reproductive age at HSCT, 22% reported trying to conceive, with 10·3% reporting success. This study is the largest to date exploring sexual function in survivors of allo-HSCT. This data provides the basis for health service reform to better meet the needs of HSCT survivors, including evidence to support counselling and education both pre- and post-transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Dyer
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Blood and Marrow Transplant Network, New South Wales Agency for Clinical Innovation, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Gilroy
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Network, New South Wales Agency for Clinical Innovation, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer Bradford
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Brice
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Masura Kabir
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt Greenwood
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen R Larsen
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Moore
- Department of Haematology, St Vincent Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Hertzberg
- Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Kwan
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Louisa Brown
- Department of Haematology, Newcastle Mater Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan Hogg
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gillian Huang
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeff Tan
- Department of Haematology, St Vincent Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Ward
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian Kerridge
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Zhuang X, Herbert JMJ, Lodhia P, Bradford J, Turner AM, Newby PM, Thickett D, Naidu U, Blakey D, Barry S, Cross DAE, Bicknell R. Identification of novel vascular targets in lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:485-94. [PMID: 25535734 PMCID: PMC4453649 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death, largely owing to the lack of effective treatments. A tumour vascular targeting strategy presents an attractive alternative; however, the molecular signature of the vasculature in lung cancer is poorly explored. This work aimed to identify novel tumour vascular targets in lung cancer. METHODS Enzymatic digestion of fresh tissue followed by endothelial capture with Ulex lectin-coated magnetic beads was used to isolate the endothelium from fresh tumour specimens of lung cancer patients. Endothelial isolates from the healthy and tumour lung tissue were subjected to whole human genome expression profiling using microarray technology. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis identified tumour endothelial expression of angiogenic factors, matrix metalloproteases and cell-surface transmembrane proteins. Predicted novel tumour vascular targets were verified by RNA-seq, quantitative real-time PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry. Further detailed expression profiling of STEAP1 on 82 lung cancer patients confirmed STEAP1 as a novel target in the tumour vasculature. Functional analysis of STEAP1 using siRNA silencing implicates a role in endothelial cell migration and tube formation. CONCLUSIONS The identification of cell-surface tumour endothelial markers in lung is of interest in therapeutic antibody and vaccine development.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Genetic Association Studies/methods
- Humans
- Lung/blood supply
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/blood supply
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Male
- Microarray Analysis
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhuang
- School of Immunity and Infection,
Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences,
University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham
B15 2TT, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of
Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham,
Edgbaston, Birmingham
B15 2TT, UK
| | - J M J Herbert
- School of Immunity and Infection,
Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences,
University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham
B15 2TT, UK
- Technology Hub Sequencing and
Bioinformatics, College of Medical and Dental Sciences,
Birmingham
B15, UK
| | - P Lodhia
- School of Immunity and Infection,
Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences,
University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham
B15 2TT, UK
| | - J Bradford
- AstraZeneca, Mereside,
Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire
SK10 4TG, UK
| | - A M Turner
- School of Clinical and Experimental
Medicine, University of Birmingham, QEHB Research Laboratories,
Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham
B15 2WB, UK
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital,
Bordesley Green, Birmingham
B9 5SS, UK
| | - P M Newby
- School of Immunity and Infection,
Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences,
University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham
B15 2TT, UK
| | - D Thickett
- School of Clinical and Experimental
Medicine, University of Birmingham, QEHB Research Laboratories,
Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham
B15 2WB, UK
| | - U Naidu
- School of Clinical and Experimental
Medicine, University of Birmingham, QEHB Research Laboratories,
Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham
B15 2WB, UK
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital,
Bordesley Green, Birmingham
B9 5SS, UK
| | - D Blakey
- AstraZeneca, Mereside,
Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire
SK10 4TG, UK
| | - S Barry
- AstraZeneca, Mereside,
Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire
SK10 4TG, UK
| | - D A E Cross
- AstraZeneca, Mereside,
Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire
SK10 4TG, UK
| | - R Bicknell
- School of Immunity and Infection,
Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences,
University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham
B15 2TT, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of
Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham,
Edgbaston, Birmingham
B15 2TT, UK
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Dixit S, Bradford J, Fischer G. Management of nonsexually acquired genital ulceration using oral and topical corticosteroids followed by doxycycline prophylaxis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ip F, Bradford J, Hng TM, Hendon S, McLean M. The obese woman with gestational diabetes: effects of body mass index and weight gain in pregnancy on obstetric and glycaemic outcomes. Obstet Med 2012; 5:65-70. [PMID: 27579138 DOI: 10.1258/om.2011.110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represent a high-risk group in pregnancy, although the effects of increasing degrees of obesity and weight gain in pregnancy in this group is poorly defined. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 375 singleton pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity and GDM. Women with a body mass index (BMI) of 30-35 kg/m(2) were compared with those with a BMI of ≥ 35 kg/m(2). Additionally, women were categorized according to weight gain in pregnancy: Group A (<0.18 kg/week), Group B (0.18-0.27 kg/week), Group C (>0.27 kg/week). RESULTS Obstetric outcomes did not differ between the groups; however, postpartum dysglycaemia was more likely in women with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m(2) (odds ratio [OR] 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-8.9). Group B and Group C had higher odds of LGA (OR 3.8, 95% CI: 1.3-11.3; OR 5.0, 95% CI: 2.0-12.1, respectively) compared with Group A. Group C also had a lower risk of SGA (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-1.0) and a higher risk of postpartum dysglycaemia (OR 6.8, 95% CI: 1.7-26.9) compared with Group A. CONCLUSION Greater degrees of obesity are associated with higher risk of abnormal metabolic outcomes after pregnancy. Excessive weight gain in pregnancy in obese women increases adverse obstetric and glycaemic outcomes. Our findings suggest that targets for weight gain in pregnancy for obese women should be reduced from current recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Ip
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Bradford
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tien-Ming Hng
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Hendon
- Blacktown Hospital , Sydney, New South Wales , Australia
| | - Mark McLean
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Bradford J, Brett J, Bull A, Kennedy B, Borrell S, McMillan A, Richards M. Changing behavior – ensuring hand hygiene is an institutional priority. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3239524 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s6-p111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle Fischer
- University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School, PO Box 4028, Royal North Shore Hospital, LPO, St Leonard's, New South Wales, Australia.
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Bradford J, Shin JY, Roberts M, Wang CE, Sheng G, Li S, Li XJ. Mutant huntingtin in glial cells exacerbates neurological symptoms of Huntington disease mice. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:10653-61. [PMID: 20145253 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.083287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is caused by an expansion of the polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat (>37Q) in huntingtin (htt), and age of onset is inversely correlated with the length of the polyQ repeat. Mutant htt with expanded polyQ is ubiquitously expressed in various types of cells, including glia, but causes selective neurodegeneration. Our recent study demonstrated that expression of the N-terminal mutant htt with a large polyQ repeat (160Q) in astrocytes is sufficient to induce neurological symptoms in mice (Bradford, J., Shin, J. Y., Roberts, M., Wang, C. E., Li, X.-J., and Li, S. H. (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 22480-22485). Because glia-neuron interactions are critical for maintaining the normal function and survival of neurons in the brain and because mutant htt is more abundant in neurons than in glial cells, it is important to investigate whether glial htt can still contribute to HD pathology when mutant htt is abundantly expressed in neuronal cells. We generated transgenic mice that express mutant htt with 98Q in astrocytes. Unlike our recently generated htt-160Q transgenic mice, htt-98Q mice do not show obvious neurological phenotypes, suggesting that the length of the polyQ repeat determines the severity of glial dysfunction. However, htt-98Q mice show increased susceptibility to glutamate-induced seizure. Mice expressing mutant htt in astrocytes were mated with N171-82Q mice that express mutant htt primarily in neuronal cells. Double transgenic mice expressing mutant htt in both neuronal and glial cells display more severe neurological symptoms and earlier death than N171-82Q mice. These findings indicate a role of glial mutant htt in exacerbating HD neuropathology and underscore the importance of improving glial function in treating HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bradford
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Bradford J. I45 Vulval dermatology. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)60045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Obesity in women of reproductive age is increasing at an unprecedented rate in western societies. Maternal obesity is associated with an unequivocal increase in maternal and fetal complications of pregnancy. Excessive maternal weight gain in pregnancy also appears to be an independent risk factor, regardless of prepregnancy weight. Few guidelines exist regarding appropriate weight gain in pregnancy in obese women. We review the association of maternal obesity with pregnancy complications. We also suggest that appropriate diet and lifestyle intervention can enable women with severe prepregnancy obesity to safely achieve quite strict targets for limited weight gain in pregnancy.
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Bowden WB, Gooseff MN, Balser A, Green A, Peterson BJ, Bradford J. Sediment and nutrient delivery from thermokarst features in the foothills of the North Slope, Alaska: Potential impacts on headwater stream ecosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jg000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. B. Bowden
- The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources; University of Vermont; Burlington Vermont USA
| | - M. N. Gooseff
- Department of Geology and Geological Engineering; Colorado School of Mines; Golden Colorado USA
| | - A. Balser
- Institute of Arctic Biology; University of Alaska; Fairbanks Alaska USA
| | - A. Green
- The Ecosystem Center; Marine Biological Laboratory; Woods Hole Massachusetts USA
| | - B. J. Peterson
- The Ecosystem Center; Marine Biological Laboratory; Woods Hole Massachusetts USA
| | - J. Bradford
- Center for Geophysical Investigation of the Shallow Subsurface; Boise State University; Boise Idaho USA
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Renaud P, Proulx J, Rouleau J, Fedoroff J, Bradford J. Forensic psychiatry and the use of virtual reality and attention control technologies in dealing with sex offenders. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Jarama SL, Belgrave FZ, Bradford J, Young M, Honnold JA. Family, cultural and gender role aspects in the context of HIV risk among African American women of unidentified HIV status: an exploratory qualitative study. AIDS Care 2007; 19:307-17. [PMID: 17453563 DOI: 10.1080/09540120600790285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This was an exploratory, qualitative study of contextual cultural and social realities of the sexual interactions of a representative sample of African American women of unidentified HIV status. The study expanded our understanding of family and gender role variables by exploring influences of family of origin and idealistic perceptions of roles on sexual relationships. Data was collected on 51 African American women who were recruited through probability sampling. Between 39% and 70% of study participants reported at least one of the following HIV risk factors: low condom use, substance use during sex, partner's incarceration and history of abuse. Nonetheless, all women in our study perceived their chances of HIV infection to be almost non-existent, despite a fairly good knowledge of HIV/AIDS modes of transmission including that anyone could become HIV infected, knowing somebody with HIV/AIDS and acknowledgment, among some, of their partner's infidelity and risk behaviors. Our analysis revealed that parental communications about sexuality in relationships focused largely on trust (being mistrustful of men) and women's control of their sexual impulses. Trust was also emphasized (desired) by women in the discussions of gender roles. Women reported a strong reliance on God and made frequent references to the role of the church in HIV prevention. Our findings offer suggestions for HIV prevention for the general population of African American women. HIV-prevention messages that consider their views of relationships, gender roles, sexual abuse history and the role of the church are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Jarama
- NOVA Research Company, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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Abstract
Colonization of neonatal intensive care units by Serratia marcescens is associated with clinical outbreaks. We report the management of an outbreak in a newborn services unit (NBS), in 2004, of a strain of S. marcescens that was present in the unit from 1994. Over the 10-year period, increases in clinical isolates demonstrated three epidemic curves, each spanning 3-4 years and each involving positive blood cultures. In 2004, clinical isolates of S. marcescens bacteremia prompted an investigation. Control measures including screening, creation of a separate unit, use of contact precautions, education, environmental sampling, strategies to reduce overcrowding, surveillance and molecular epidemiological techniques were implemented. In total, 99 babies were either colonized or infected with S. marcescens between December 2003 and December 2005. Isolates were tested with ribotyping identifying one main endemic strain. No environmental source was found, however, the outbreak terminated following adherence to infection control principles. Epidemiological information, structural and practice changes were used to prevent transmission and control the outbreak.
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Brown NJ, Bradford J, Wang Z, Lea W, Ma L, Ma J, Vaughan DE, Fogo AB. Modulation of angiotensin II and norepinephrine-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression by AT1a receptor deficiency. Kidney Int 2007; 72:72-81. [PMID: 17429342 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin (Ang) II stimulates plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in many cell types by mechanisms that are cell-type specific. We measured effects of Ang II or norepinephrine on PAI-1 expression in wild type (WT) and Ang type-1a receptor knockout mice (AT(1a)-/-) in the presence or absence of the non-specific AT(1) antagonist losartan. Ang II and norepinephrine increased systolic blood pressure equally, whereas losartan decreased the pressor response of the former but not the latter in WT mice. In AT(1a)-/- mice, baseline systolic blood pressure was lower with no effect of Ang II, norepinephrine, or losartan. Ang II stimulated PAI-1 expression in the heart, aorta, and kidney and markedly in the liver of WT mice. In AT(1a)-/- mice, Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 was significantly attenuated compared with the WT in the heart and aorta but significantly enhanced in the kidney. Losartan decreased the induction in the aorta and liver of WT, and in the kidney and liver of AT(1a)-/- mice. Norepinephrine increased PAI-1 expression in WT heart and aorta, and in AT(1a)-/- heart, kidney, and liver with no effect of losartan. Renal PAI-1 expression correlated with AT(1b) receptor mRNA. We conclude that Ang II stimulates PAI-1 expression in part through the AT(1b) receptor in the kidney and liver. Further, norepinephrine induces PAI-1 expression in vivo with AT(1a) receptor deficiency modulating the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Brown
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602, USA.
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Fischer G, Bradford J. Topical immunosuppressants, genital lichen sclerosus and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma: a case report. J Reprod Med 2007; 52:329-31. [PMID: 17506377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has a recognized association with lichen sclerosus (LS) of the vulva. Several recent reports have indicated the usefulness of the new macrolide immunosuppressant agents pimecrolimus and tacrolimus in the treatment of LS, emphasizing the advantage over topical corticosteroids of lack of atophogenicity. Despite this there may be risks involved that could outweigh this benefit. The potential of these medications to potentiate the risk of SCC in LS in the short and long-term is unknown. Once lichen sclerosus is well controlled, there is often no need for ongoing use of superpotent corticosteroids, and there may be no reason to use immunosuppressants when moderate-strength corticosteroids provide adequate control. CASE A 73-year-old woman with a 10-year history of hypertrophic LS and genital psoriasis presented with intractable superimposed inflammatory vulvitis. She was treated with topical pimecrolimus 1% cream on the assumption that she was either allergic to or intolerant of topical corticosteroids. One month after commencing therapy, she suddenly developed a rapidly growing vulvar tumor. This was excised and proved to be a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION It may be safest to restrict the use of topical immunosuppressives to patients with LS who are unable to use topical corticosteroids because of the risk of potentiating SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia.
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Larriestra AJ, Wattanaphansak S, Neumann EJ, Bradford J, Morrison RB, Deen J. Pig characteristics associated with mortality and light exit weight for the nursery phase. Can Vet J 2006; 47:560-6. [PMID: 16808228 PMCID: PMC1461411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
One thousand and ten weaned pigs that were reared in 1 nursery in Iowa from weaning (17 +/- 2 days ) until 10 weeks of age were evaluated. A weaning weight threshold of 3.6 kg maximized the sensitivity and specificity to correctly predict the likelihood of dying or being light in weight at exit from the nursery (< or = 14.5 kg). Weaning weight < or = 3.6 kg (OR = 2.92), barrow (OR = 1.75), and sow unit (A versus B, OR = 2.14) were significant predictors of mortality in the nursery. Birth weight < or = 1.0 kg (OR = 2.66), weaning weight < or = 3.6 kg (OR = 8.75), gilt (OR = 1.4), sow unit (OR = 2.38), and gilt as nursing sow at weaning (OR = 1.66) were significant predictors of being lightweight at nursery exit. Eighteen per cent of the nursery deaths and almost half of lightweight nursery pigs could be prevented if there were no lightweight pigs at weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Larriestra
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical and Population Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
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Bradford J. The management of chronic vulval discomfort in Australia. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2002; 42:318. [PMID: 12230079 DOI: 10.1111/j.0004-8666.2002.316_4.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Fenway Community Health Center (FCHC), located in Boston, Massachusetts, provides comprehensive care to persons with HIV/AIDS, including medical, mental health and other health-related services. In this paper, we present results from an analysis of existing data about the demographic and clinical characteristics, service needs and utilization patterns, and primary care retention of HIV-positive primary care patients seen at FCHC during a 24-month study period. Patient data were extracted from Logician, FCHC's electronic medical record system, and imported into Microsoft Access, Microsoft Excel and SAS for manipulation and analysis. A total of 999 unique individuals were included in the study population. Most were men (97%), white (75%) and between 39 and 80 years of age. Patients averaged 6.7 medical visits annually at FCHC, and 61% had at least one medical visit every six months. Significant predictors of primary care utilization were insurance status, HIV disease stage, being on combination therapy, first CD4 count, first viral load level and receipt of ancillary services. Need and receipt of ancillary services were found through medical and case management record review; case management was the most used ancillary service, received by 36% of the study population. For most ancillary services, clients with assessed need had documented receipt of the service. Publicly insured and/or Ryan White CARE Act-funded patients had the greatest ancillary service utilization. The influence of ancillary services upon primary care entry could not be evaluated with available data; however, their influence upon primary care was significant. For patients who received primary care in every continuous six-month period, statistically significant associations were found with receipt of mental health care, case management, drug assistance, food/nutrition, complementary services and housing. Using the more rigorous FCHC standard of care (minimum of four primary care visits per year), significant associations were also found with transportation, legal services and substance abuse treatment. For non-whites and women, mental health care, food/nutrition, housing and transportation had particular significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Lo
- Fenway Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Abstract
Interest in research about lesbian health has increased dramatically since the late 1980s and gained national attention in 1999 when the Institute of Medicine published the groundbreaking report Lesbian Health: Current Assessment and Directions for the Future. In March 2000, the Department of Health and Human Services and partner organizations presented the Scientific Workshop on Lesbian Health, during which invited experts on lesbian health worked with federal representatives to develop action steps to implement recommendations in the Institute of Medicine report. National priorities were thus established for the emerging field of lesbian health research. Although researchers of various sexual orientation and gender identities will contribute to this field, lesbian researchers have a unique perspective and an important role to play. This commentary focuses on the preparedness of these individuals to respond to challenges set forth by the Institute of Medicine and Scientific Workshop reports. Despite differences in their academic backgrounds, lesbian researchers have reported common experiences and needs. Substantial proportions have encountered barriers because they were lesbians or conducted lesbian research, and many expressed willingness to mentor others, to help others to conduct research about lesbians, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bradford
- Survey and Evaluation Research Laboratory, 921 W Franklin St, Richmond, VA 23284-3065, USA.
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Abstract
Fenway Community Health was founded by community activists in 1971 in the Fenway neighborhood of Boston, Mass, and within a decade had rapidly expanded its medical services for gay men in response to the AIDS epidemic. Increased expertise and cultural competence in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) care led to expansion of medical services to address broader community concerns, ranging from substance use to parenting issues to domestic and homophobic violence, as well as specialized programs for lesbians, bisexuals, and transgendered individuals. Fenway began as a grassroots neighborhood clinic. In 1975, the center recorded 5000 patient care visits; in 2000, Fenway's clinical departments recorded 50,850 visits by 8361 individuals, including more than 1100 individuals receiving HIV-associated care. The center now has more than 170 staff people responsible for clinical programs, community education, research, administration, planning, and development. Over the past few years, Fenway's annual budget has exceeded $10 million. Fenway has established standards for improved cultural competence about LGBT health issues for other health providers and has developed programs to educate the general community about specific LGBT health concerns. This health center may provide a model of comprehensive LGBT health services that have a local impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mayer
- Infectious Disease Division, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, 111 Brewster St, Pawtucket, RI 02860, USA.
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Bradford J, Fields C. Removing the barriers: improving practitioners' skills in providing health care to lesbians and women who partner with women. Am J Public Health 2001; 91:989-90. [PMID: 11392948 PMCID: PMC1446482 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.91.6.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
Knowledge about the health status and health care needs of lesbians is limited by the lack of population-based studies, although recent survey methods research offers suggestions that may be relevant to involving lesbians in more rigorous studies. To explore the transferability of findings about the general population to research on lesbian health, focus groups were conducted in 1997-1998 with self-identified lesbians in five U.S. urban areas. Videotaped telephone interviews stimulated discussion about methods for enhancing participation of lesbians in random digit dial telephone surveys. Results are useful for developing improved practices for conducting health surveys with lesbians.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bradford
- Survey and Evaluation Research Laboratory, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Bradford J, Hilber JA. Advocacy meets the scientific method. J Lesbian Stud 2001; 5:33-41. [PMID: 24802821 DOI: 10.1300/j155v05n03_04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Dr. Judith Bradford is a social science researcher who has been a key figure in the evolution of lesbian health research. With Caitlin Ryan, Judy was instrumental in creating the National Lesbian Health Care Survey (NLHCS) in the mid-1980s. After assuming the Directorship of the Survey and Evaluation Research Lab (SERL) at the Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), she became involved in the recent Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee process, which resulted in increased attention to lesbian health at the national level. The IOM Committee recommendations have been instrumental in lobbying efforts by Judy and others for inclusion of LBGT issues in Healthy People 2010, the United States Public Health Service blueprint used by PHS agencies nationwide. Judy's current activities include helping to develop the Lesbian Health Research Institute and serving as the part-time Director of Lesbian Health Research at Fenway Community Health in Boston.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bradford
- a Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Survey and Evaluation Research Laboratory (SERL) in Richmond , Virginia , USA
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Glancy GD, Regehr C, Bradford J. Sexual predator laws in Canada. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 2001; 29:232-237. [PMID: 11471791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G D Glancy
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Kennamer JD, Honnold J, Bradford J, Hendricks M. Differences in disclosure of sexuality among African American and White gay/bisexual men: implications for HIV/AIDS prevention. AIDS Educ Prev 2000; 12:519-531. [PMID: 11220504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gay and bisexual men were asked if they had disclosed their sexuality to family members, heterosexual friends, gay friends, coworkers, health care workers, and members of their church; if they had been associated with groups made up of gays, bisexuals, and lesbians; and if they had gay/bisexual friends. White men were much more likely to disclose their sexuality, to have associated with groups and to have gay/bisexual friends. As education increased, white men were more likely, and African American men less likely, to disclose sexuality and associate with groups. Having gay/bisexual friends increased with education with both groups. The difference in disclosure can be traced to the higher social stigma apparently attached to being gay in the African American community, which may be exacerbated for more educated men. As a result, African American gay men may be less likely to participate in the fight against HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Kennamer
- Survey and Evaluation Research Laboratory, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23284, USA.
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