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Horner D, Jepsen JRM, Chawes B, Aagaard K, Rosenberg JB, Mohammadzadeh P, Sevelsted A, Følsgaard N, Vinding R, Fagerlund B, Pantelis C, Bilenberg N, Pedersen CET, Eliasen A, Chen Y, Prince N, Chu SH, Kelly RS, Lasky-Su J, Halldorsson TI, Glenthøj BY, Bønnelykke K, Ebdrup BH, Stokholm J, Rasmussen MA. An Unhealthy Dietary Pattern during Pregnancy is Associated with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence. medRxiv 2024:2024.03.07.24303907. [PMID: 38496582 PMCID: PMC10942528 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.07.24303907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders, there are a lack of clinical studies examining the impact of pregnancy diet on child neurodevelopment. This observational clinical study examined the associations between pregnancy dietary patterns and neurodevelopmental diagnoses, as well as their symptoms, in a prospective cohort of 10-year-old children (n=508). Data-driven dietary patterns were derived from self-reported food frequency questionnaires. An Unhealthy dietary pattern in pregnancy (per SD change) was significantly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) OR 1.66 [1.21 - 2.27], p=0.002 and autism diagnosis OR 2.22 [1.33 - 3.74], p=0.002 and associated symptoms p<0.001. Findings for ADHD were validated in two large (n=656, n=348), independent mother-child cohorts via blood metabolome modelling. Objective metabolite scores, assessed at five timepoints in mothers and children in two independent mother-child cohorts, indicated that the strongest association with ADHD was during early-to mid-pregnancy. These results provide evidence for targeted prenatal dietary interventions to prevent neurodevelopmental disorders in children.
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Jepsen JRM, Rydkjaer J, Fagerlund B, Lemvigh CK, Pagsberg AK, Glenthøj BY, Oranje B. Cross-sectional associations between adaptive functioning and social cognitive and neurocognitive functions in adolescents with first-episode, early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:208-218. [PMID: 36484139 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored associations between adaptive functioning and cognition in adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders (EOS). METHODS Adaptive functioning, cognition, positive, negative, and general symptoms were characterized in adolescents with EOS and healthy controls. A modified scale of negative, respectively, general symptoms was used. Bivariate analyses identified correlates of adaptive functioning to be included in multivariate analysis. RESULTS Adolescents with EOS showed significant impairments of social- and neurocognitive functions (-0.86 < Cohen´s ds < -0.58) and adaptive functioning (Cohen´s d = -2.23). Visual memory, verbal working memory, processing speed, reaction time, social cognition, and modified negative and general symptoms correlated significantly with adaptive functioning. The multiple regression analysis revealed only verbal working memory as uniquely associated with adaptive functioning (explaining 22.7 % of its variance). Verbal working memory also associated significantly with adaptive functioning in the context of the nonsignificant modified negative and the significant modified general symptoms dimension. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with first-episode EOS had large impairments in adaptive functioning and moderate to large cognitive deficits. Verbal working memory was an important associate to concurrent adaptive functioning and may be a treatment target for trials to improve cognitive and adaptive functioning in adolescents with EOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R M Jepsen
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Rydkjaer
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Fagerlund
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie K Lemvigh
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A K Pagsberg
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Y Glenthøj
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Oranje
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Burton BK, Andersen KK, Greve AN, Hemager N, Spang KS, Ellersgaard D, Christiani CJ, Gantriis D, Gregersen M, Søndergaard A, Jepsen JRM, Bliksted VF, Mors O, Plessen KJ, Nordentoft M, Thorup AAE. Sex differences across developmental domains among children with a familial risk of severe mental disorders. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3628-3643. [PMID: 35156599 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences in brain structure and neurodevelopment occur in non-clinical populations. We investigated whether sex had a similar effect on developmental domains amongst boys and girls with a familial risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ), bipolar disorder (FHR-BP), and controls. METHODS Through Danish registries, we identified 522 7-year-old children (242 girls) with FHR-SZ, FHR-BP, and controls. We assessed their performance within the domains of neurocognition, motor function, language, social cognition, social behavior, psychopathology, and home environment. RESULTS FHR-SZ boys compared with FHR-SZ girls had a higher proportion of disruptive behavior and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and exhibited lower performance in manual dexterity, balance, and emotion recognition. No sex differences were found between boys and girls within FHR-BP group. Compared with controls, both FHR-SZ boys and FHR-SZ girls showed impaired processing speed and working memory, had lower levels of global functioning, and were more likely to live in an inadequate home environment. Compared with control boys, FHR-SZ boys showed impaired manual dexterity, social behavior, and social responsiveness, and had a higher proportion of ADHD and disruptive behavior disorder diagnoses. Stress and adjustment disorders were more common in FHR-BP boys compared with control boys. We found no differences between FHR-BP girls and control girls. CONCLUSIONS Impairment within neurodevelopmental domains associated within FHR-SZ boys v. FHR-SZ girls was most evident among boys, whereas no sex differences were found within the FHR-BP group (FHR-BP boys v. FHR-BP girls). FHR-SZ boys exhibited the highest proportion of early developmental impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitte Klee Burton
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Klaus Kaae Andersen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aja N Greve
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 175, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Katrine S Spang
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Camilla J Christiani
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Gantriis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 175, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Maja Gregersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Hospital Centre Glostrup, Ndr. Ringvej 29-67, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Fuglsang Bliksted
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 175, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 175, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Avenue d'Echallens 9, CH-1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anne A E Thorup
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
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Jefsen OH, Nudel R, Wang Y, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Hemager N, Christiani CAJ, Burton BK, Spang KS, Ellersgaard D, Gantriis DL, Plessen KJ, Jepsen JRM, Thorup AAE, Werge T, Nordentoft M, Mors O, Greve AN. Genetic assortative mating for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e53. [PMID: 35996886 PMCID: PMC9491077 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are highly polygenic and show patterns of partner resemblance. Partner resemblance has direct population-level genetic implications if it is caused by assortative mating, but not if it is caused by convergence or social homogamy. Using genetics may help distinguish these different mechanisms. Here, we investigated whether partner resemblance for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is influenced by assortative mating using polygenic risk scores (PRSs). METHODS PRSs from The Danish High-Risk and Resilience Study-VIA 7 were compared between parents in three subsamples: population-based control parent pairs (N=198), parent pairs where at least one parent had schizophrenia (N=193), and parent pairs where at least one parent had bipolar disorder (N=115). RESULTS The PRS for schizophrenia was predictive of schizophrenia in the full sample and showed a significant correlation between parent pairs (r=0.121, p=0.0440), indicative of assortative mating. The PRS for bipolar disorder was also correlated between parent pairs (r=0.162, p=0.0067), but it was not predictive of bipolar disorder in the full sample, limiting the interpretation. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides genetic evidence for assortative mating for schizophrenia, with important implications for our understanding of the genetics of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Hougaard Jefsen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ron Nudel
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Centre for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla A. J. Christiani
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte K. Burton
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine S. Spang
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte L. Gantriis
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jens Richardt M. Jepsen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anne A. E. Thorup
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
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5
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Burton BK, Petersen A, Eichele H, Hemager N, Spang KS, Ellersgaard D, Christiani CJ, Greve A, Gantriis D, Jepsen JRM, Mors O, Nordentoft M, Thorup AA, Plessen KJ, Vangkilde S. Post-error adjustment among children aged 7 years with a familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A population-based cohort study. Dev Psychopathol 2021; 34:1-11. [PMID: 33993894 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cognitive control system matures gradually with age and shows age-related sex differences. To gain knowledge concerning error adaptation in familial high-risk groups, investigating error adaptation among the offspring of parents with severe mental disorders is important and may contribute to the understanding of cognitive functioning in at-risk individuals. We identified an observational cohort through Danish registries and measured error adaptation using an Eriksen flanker paradigm. We tested 497 7-year-old children with a familial high risk of schizophrenia (N = 192) or bipolar disorder (N = 116) for deficits in error adaptation compared with a control group (N = 189). We investigated whether error adaptation differed between high-risk groups compared with controls and sex differences in the adaptation to errors, irrespective of high-risk status. Overall, children exhibited post-error slowing (PES), but the slowing of responses did not translate to significant improvements in accuracy. No differences were detected between either high-risk group compared with the controls. Boys showed less PES and PES after incongruent trials than girls. Our results suggest that familial high risk of severe mental disorders does not influence error adaptation at this early stage of cognitive control development. Error adaptation behavior at age 7 years shows specific sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitte Klee Burton
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Petersen
- Centre for Visual Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heike Eichele
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Katrine S Spang
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Camilla Jerlang Christiani
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Aja Greve
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Gantriis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Hellerup, Denmark
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Hospital Centre Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anne Ae Thorup
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Signe Vangkilde
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Centre for Visual Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Randers L, Fagerlund B, Jepsen JRM, Nordholm D, Krakauer K, Hjorthøj C, Glenthøj B, Nordentoft M. Interview and questionnaire assessment of cognitive impairment in subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Associations with cognitive test performance, psychosocial functioning, and positive symptoms. Psychiatry Res 2020; 294:113498. [PMID: 33157481 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Impaired cognitive test performance is well-documented in subjects at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. However, assessment of cognitive deficits as manifested in real life is a neglected area of UHR research that may add to the understanding of cognitive impairment and its relationship with psychosocial functioning and positive symptomatology. This study applied the interview-based Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS) and the questionnaire-based Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult Version (BRIEF-A) in a cross-sectional sample of 39 UHR subjects and 50 healthy controls. Cognitive test performance, psychosocial functioning, and positive symptoms were also assessed. The UHR subjects demonstrated significant cognitive impairment, with large effect sizes for the SCoRS and BRIEF-A composite outcome variables (rs = -0.67 to -0.80) and a neurocognitive composite score (d = -0.97). Within the UHR group, several significant associations between worse cognitive ratings and worse cognitive test performance (rs = -0.210 to -0.343), poorer psychosocial functioning (rs = -0.058 to -0.728), and worse positive symptoms (rs= 0.415 to 0.478) were found. Worse cognitive test performance showed significant associations with more pronounced positive symptoms (rs = -0.299 to -0.457). Interview and questionnaire assessment may hold promise for supplementing traditional performance-based cognitive assessment in identifying treatment targets in the UHR population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Randers
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Dorte Nordholm
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Kristine Krakauer
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Carsten Hjorthøj
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Kristensen TD, Ebdrup BH, Hjorthøj C, Mandl RCW, Raghava JM, Jepsen JRM, Fagerlund B, Glenthøj LB, Wenneberg C, Krakauer K, Pantelis C, Glenthøj BY, Nordentoft M. No Effects of Cognitive Remediation on Cerebral White Matter in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis-A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:873. [PMID: 33005161 PMCID: PMC7485415 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR) present with subtle alterations in cerebral white matter (WM), which appear to be associated with clinical and functional outcome. The effect of cognitive remediation on WM organization in UHR individuals has not been investigated previously. METHODS In a randomized, clinical trial, UHR individuals aged 18 to 40 years were assigned to treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU plus cognitive remediation for 20 weeks. Cognitive remediation comprised 20 x 2-h sessions of neurocognitive and social-cognitive training. Primary outcome was whole brain fractional anisotropy derived from diffusion weighted imaging, statistically tested as an interaction between timepoint and treatment group. Secondary outcomes were restricted to five predefined region of interest (ROI) analyses on fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity and mean diffusivity. For significant timepoint and treatment group interactions within these five ROIs, we explored associations between longitudinal changes in WM and cognitive functions/clinical symptoms. Finally, we explored dose-response effects of cognitive remediation on WM. RESULTS A total of 111 UHR individuals were included. Attrition-rate was 26%. The cognitive remediation group completed on average 12 h of neurocognitive training, which was considerably lower than per protocol. We found no effect of cognitive remediation on whole-brain FA when compared to treatment as usual. Secondary ROI analyses revealed a nominal significant interaction between timepoint*treatment of AD in left medial lemniscus (P=0.016) which did not survive control for multiple comparisons. The exploratory test showed that this change in AD correlated to improvements of mental flexibility in the cognitive remediation group (p=0.001). We found no dose-response effect of neurocognitive training on WM. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive remediation comprising 12 h of neurocognitive training on average did not improve global or regional WM organization in UHR individuals. Further investigations of duration and intensity of cognitive training as necessary prerequisites of neuroplasticity-based changes are warranted. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02098408.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina D Kristensen
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Center, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carsten Hjorthøj
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René C W Mandl
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jayachandra M Raghava
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise B Glenthøj
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Christina Wenneberg
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Kristine Krakauer
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Center, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Nudel R, Christiani CAJ, Ohland J, Uddin MJ, Hemager N, Ellersgaard D, Spang KS, Burton BK, Greve AN, Gantriis DL, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Jepsen JRM, Thorup AAE, Mors O, Werge T, Nordentoft M. Quantitative genome-wide association analyses of receptive language in the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. BMC Neurosci 2020; 21:30. [PMID: 32635940 PMCID: PMC7341668 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-020-00581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most basic human traits is language. Linguistic ability, and disability, have been shown to have a strong genetic component in family and twin studies, but molecular genetic studies of language phenotypes are scarce, relative to studies of other cognitive traits and neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Moreover, most genetic studies examining such phenotypes do not incorporate parent-of-origin effects, which could account for some of the heritability of the investigated trait. We performed a genome-wide association study of receptive language, examining both child genetic effects and parent-of-origin effects. RESULTS Using a family-based cohort with 400 children with receptive language scores, we found a genome-wide significant paternal parent-of-origin effect with a SNP, rs11787922, on chromosome 9q21.31, whereby the T allele reduced the mean receptive language score by ~ 23, constituting a reduction of more than 1.5 times the population SD (P = 1.04 × 10-8). We further confirmed that this association was not driven by broader neurodevelopmental diagnoses in the child or a family history of psychiatric diagnoses by incorporating covariates for the above and repeating the analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our study reports a genome-wide significant association for receptive language skills; to our knowledge, this is the first documented genome-wide significant association for this phenotype. Furthermore, our study illustrates the importance of considering parent-of-origin effects in association studies, particularly in the case of cognitive or neurodevelopmental traits, in which parental genetic data are not always incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Nudel
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla A J Christiani
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jessica Ohland
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section for Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine S Spang
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry-Research unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte K Burton
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry-Research unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aja N Greve
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte L Gantriis
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry-Research unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne A E Thorup
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry-Research unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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9
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Nudel R, Christiani CAJ, Ohland J, Uddin MJ, Hemager N, Ellersgaard DV, Spang KS, Burton BK, Greve AN, Gantriis DL, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Jepsen JRM, Thorup AAE, Mors O, Nordentoft M, Werge T. Language deficits in specific language impairment, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder: An analysis of polygenic risk. Autism Res 2019; 13:369-381. [PMID: 31577390 PMCID: PMC7078922 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Language is one of the cognitive domains often impaired across many neurodevelopmental disorders. While for some disorders the linguistic deficit is the primary impairment (e.g., specific language impairment, SLI), for others it may accompany broader behavioral problems (e.g., autism). The precise nature of this phenotypic overlap has been the subject of debate. Moreover, several studies have found genetic overlaps across neurodevelopmental disorders. This raises the question of whether these genetic overlaps may correlate with phenotypic overlaps and, if so, in what manner. Here, we apply a genome‐wide approach to the study of the linguistic deficit in SLI, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using a discovery genome‐wide association study of SLI, we generate polygenic risk scores (PRS) in an independent sample which includes children with language impairment, SLI, ASD or ADHD and age‐matched controls and perform regression analyses across groups. The SLI‐trained PRS significantly predicted risk in the SLI case–control group (adjusted R2 = 6.24%; P = 0.024) but not in the ASD or ADHD case‐control groups (adjusted R2 = 0.0004%, 0.01%; P = 0.984, 0.889, respectively) nor for height, used as a negative control (R2 = 0.2%; P = 0.452). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the normalized PRS between children with SLI and children with ASD (common language effect size = 0.66; P = 0.044). Our study suggests no additive common‐variant genetic overlap between SLI and ASD and ADHD. This is discussed in the context of phenotypic studies of SLI and related disorders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 369–381. © 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Language deficits are characteristic of specific language impairment (SLI), but may also be found in other neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Many studies examined the overlaps and differences across the language deficits in these disorders, but few studies have examined the genetic aspect thereof. In this study, we use a genome‐wide approach to evaluate whether common genetic variants increasing risk of SLI may also be associated with ASD and ADHD in the same manner. Our results suggest that this is not the case, and we discuss this finding in the context of theories concerning the etiologies of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Nudel
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camilla A J Christiani
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jessica Ohland
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section for Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte V Ellersgaard
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine S Spang
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte K Burton
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aja N Greve
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Ditte L Gantriis
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne A E Thorup
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Kristensen TD, Mandl RCW, Raghava JM, Jessen K, Jepsen JRM, Fagerlund B, Glenthøj LB, Wenneberg C, Krakauer K, Pantelis C, Nordentoft M, Glenthøj BY, Ebdrup BH. Widespread higher fractional anisotropy associates to better cognitive functions in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:5185-5201. [PMID: 31430023 PMCID: PMC6864899 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In schizophrenia patients, cognitive functions appear linked to widespread alterations in cerebral white matter microstructure. Here we examine patterns of associations between regional white matter and cognitive functions in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis. One hundred and sixteen individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis and 49 matched healthy controls underwent 3 T magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging and cognitive assessments. Group differences on fractional anisotropy were tested using tract-based spatial statistics. Group differences in cognitive functions, voxel-wise as well as regional fractional anisotropy were tested using univariate general linear modeling. Multivariate partial least squares correlation analyses tested for associations between patterns of regional fractional anisotropy and cognitive functions. Univariate analyses revealed significant impairments on cognitive functions and lower fractional anisotropy in superior longitudinal fasciculus and cingulate gyrus in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Partial least squares correlation analysis revealed different associations between patterns of regional fractional anisotropy and cognitive functions in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis compared to healthy controls. Widespread higher fractional anisotropy was associated with better cognitive functioning for individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis, but not for the healthy controls. Furthermore, patterns of cognitive functions were associated with an interaction-effect on regional fractional anisotropy in fornix, medial lemniscus, uncinate fasciculus, and superior cerebellar peduncle. Aberrant associations between patterns of cognitive functions to white matter may be explained by dysmyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina D Kristensen
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - René C W Mandl
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jayachandra M Raghava
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Kasper Jessen
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise B Glenthøj
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Christina Wenneberg
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Kristine Krakauer
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Center, MNC, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Gantriis DL, Thorup AAE, Harder S, Greve AN, Henriksen MT, Zahle KK, Stadsgaard H, Ellersgaard D, Burton BK, Christiani CJ, Spang K, Hemager N, Uddin MJ, Jepsen JRM, Plessen KJ, Nordentoft M, Mors O, Bliksted V. Home visits in the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 7: assessment of the home environment of 508 7-year-old children born to parents diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019; 140:126-134. [PMID: 31155701 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The home environment provided by the caregivers of a child is an influential single factor for development and well-being. We aimed to compare the quality of the home environment of children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with population-based controls. METHODS Danish nationwide registers were used to retrieve a cohort of 522 7-year-old children of parents diagnosed with schizophrenia (N = 202), bipolar disorder (N = 120) or none of these diagnoses (N = 200). The home environment was assessed using the Middle Childhood-Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Inventory (MC-HOME Inventory). RESULTS The proportion of children living in home environments that were evaluated not to meet the needs of a 7-year-old child was significantly larger in the two familial high-risk groups. This was true for 21% of the children with familial predisposition for schizophrenia and 7% of children with familial disposition for bipolar disorder. CONCLUSION Children born to parents diagnosed with schizophrenia and to a lesser extent bipolar disorder are at an increased risk of growing up in a home environment with an insufficient level of stimulation and support. Identifying families with inadequate home environments is a necessary step towards specialized help and support to at-risk families.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Gantriis
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A A E Thorup
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Harder
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A N Greve
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M T Henriksen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - K K Zahle
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - H Stadsgaard
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - D Ellersgaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B K Burton
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C J Christiani
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Spang
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N Hemager
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Md J Uddin
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J R M Jepsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K J Plessen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - O Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - V Bliksted
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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12
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Thorup AAE, Hemager N, Søndergaard A, Gregersen M, Prøsch ÅK, Krantz MF, Brandt JM, Carmichael L, Melau M, Ellersgaard DV, Burton BK, Greve AN, Uddin MJ, Ohland J, Nejad AB, Johnsen LK, Ver Loren van Themaat AH, Andreassen AK, Vedum L, Knudsen CB, Stadsgaard H, M. Jepsen JR, Siebner HR, Østergaard L, Bliksted VF, Plessen KJ, Mors O, Nordentoft M. The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study-VIA 11: Study Protocol for the First Follow-Up of the VIA 7 Cohort -522 Children Born to Parents With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders or Bipolar Disorder and Controls Being Re-examined for the First Time at Age 11. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:661. [PMID: 30631284 PMCID: PMC6315161 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Offspring of parents with severe mental illness have an increased risk of developing mental illnesses themselves. Familial high risk cohorts give a unique opportunity for studying the development over time, both the illness that the individual is predisposed for and any other diagnoses. These studies can also increase our knowledge of etiology of severe mental illness and provide knowledge about the underlying mechanisms before illness develops. Interventions targeting this group are often proposed due to the potential possibility of prevention, but evidence about timing and content is lacking. Method: A large, representative cohort of 522 7-year old children born to parents with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or controls was established based on Danish registers. A comprehensive baseline assessment including neurocognition, motor functioning, psychopathology, home environment, sociodemographic data, and genetic information was conducted from January 1, 2013 to January 31, 2016. This study is the first follow-up of the cohort, carried out when the children turn 11 years of age. By assessing the cohort at this age, we will evaluate the children twice before puberty. All instruments have been selected with a longitudinal perspective and most of them are identical to those used at inclusion into the study at age 7. A diagnostic interview, motor tests, and a large cognitive battery are conducted along with home visits and information from teachers. This time we examine the children's brains by magnetic resonance scans and electroencephalograms. Measures of physical activity and sleep are captured by a chip placed on the body, while we obtain biological assays by collecting blood samples from the children. Discussion: Findings from the VIA 7 study revealed large variations across domains between children born to parents with schizophrenia, bipolar and controls, respectively. This study will further determine whether the children at familial risk reveal delayed developmental courses, but catch up at age 11, or whether the discrepancies between the groups have grown even larger. We will compare subgroups within each of the familial high risk groups in order to investigate aspects of resilience. Data on brain structure and physical parameters will add a neurobiological dimension to the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne A. E. Thorup
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maja Gregersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Åsa Kremer Prøsch
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette F. Krantz
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie M. Brandt
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Carmichael
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Melau
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte V. Ellersgaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte K. Burton
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aja N. Greve
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jessica Ohland
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ayna B. Nejad
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Section 714, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line K. Johnsen
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Section 714, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Hester Ver Loren van Themaat
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Section 714, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna K. Andreassen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Lotte Vedum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Christina B. Knudsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Henriette Stadsgaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M. Jepsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Section 714, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Department of Neuroradiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vibeke F. Bliksted
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Department of Neuroradiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin J. Plessen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Intiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Research Unit, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Jepsen JRM, Rydkjaer J, Fagerlund B, Pagsberg AK, Jespersen RAF, Glenthøj BY, Oranje B. Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychol Med 2018; 48:604-616. [PMID: 28712363 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717001921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are developmental disorders with shared clinical characteristics such as cognitive impairments and impulsivity. Impulsivity is a core feature of ADHD and an important factor in aggression, violence, and substance use in schizophrenia. Based on the hypothesis that schizophrenia and ADHD represent a continuum of neurodevelopmental impairments, the aim was to identify overlapping and disease specific forms of impulsivity. METHODS Adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children - Present and Lifetime Version. Subjects with early-onset, first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (EOS) (N = 29) or ADHD (N = 29) and healthy controls (N = 45) were compared on two performance measures (Information Sampling Task, Stop Signal Task) and a subjective personality trait measure of impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11)). RESULTS Significantly increased reflection impulsivity was observed in ADHD but not in the EOS group. No significant response inhibition deficits (stop signal reaction time) were found in the two clinical groups. The ADHD and the EOS group showed significantly increased motor, attentional, and non-planning subtraits of impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS Impaired pre-decisional information gathering appeared to be specific for ADHD while the information gathering was not significantly reduced in subjects with EOS. Neither the ADHD nor EOS group showed impaired response inhibition but shared increased personality subtraits of attentional, non-planning, and motor impulsivity although the latter was significantly more pronounced in ADHD. These increased subtraits of impulsivity may reflect diagnostic non-specific neurodevelopmental impairments in ADHD and EOS in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R M Jepsen
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - J Rydkjaer
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - B Fagerlund
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - A K Pagsberg
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center,Mental Health Services,Capital Region of Denmark,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - R Av F Jespersen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Landssjúkrahusid (National Hospital),Torshavn,Faroe Islands
| | - B Y Glenthøj
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - B Oranje
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
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14
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Bak N, Mann J, Fagerlund B, Glenthøj BY, Jepsen JRM, Oranje B. Testing a decades' old assumption: Are individuals with lower sensory gating indeed more easily distracted? Psychiatry Res 2017; 255:387-393. [PMID: 28666245 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The sensory gating deficits in schizophrenia have been theorized to associate with increased distractibility. We explore the potential associations between sensory and sensorimotor gating and subjective and objective indices of distraction in healthy subjects. Forty healthy males were assessed with the P50 suppression and pre-pulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI) paradigms. Additionally, a neurocognitive test battery was administered in a cross-over design: with/without auditory distraction. Significant effects of distraction were found in response inhibition, and verbal working memory and attention. Parameters from the PPI and P50 suppression paradigms were significantly associated with the distractor effects on strategy formation, cognitive inhibition and flexibility, visual short-term memory, and the level of subjective distraction. Subjectively reported distraction was significantly associated with verbal working memory and attention as well as executive and supervisory processes. Sensory and sensorimotor gating efficiency do not reflect the effect of distraction across executive and attention functions i.e. we did not observe a generalized distractor effect. Gating only related to the effect of distraction on strategy formation, cognitive inhibition and flexibility, as well as visual short term memory. Future studies should investigate if gating deficits affect the distractibility of the same specific cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bak
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - J Mann
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Fagerlund
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Y Glenthøj
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J R M Jepsen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Oranje
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Pagsberg AK, Jeppesen P, Klauber DG, Jensen KG, Rudå D, Stentebjerg-Olesen M, Jantzen P, Rasmussen S, Saldeen EAS, Lauritsen MBG, Bilenberg N, Stenstrøm AD, Nyvang L, Madsen S, Werge TM, Lange T, Gluud C, Skoog M, Winkel P, Jepsen JRM, Fagerlund B, Correll CU, Fink-Jensen A. Quetiapine extended release versus aripiprazole in children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis: the multicentre, double-blind, randomised tolerability and efficacy of antipsychotics (TEA) trial. Lancet Psychiatry 2017; 4:605-618. [PMID: 28599949 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head-to-head trials to guide antipsychotic treatment choices for paediatric psychosis are urgently needed because extrapolations from adult studies might not be implementable. In this superiority trial with two-sided significance testing, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of quetiapine-extended release (quetiapine-ER) versus aripiprazole in children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis, to determine whether differences between the two treatments were sufficient to guide clinicians in their choice of one drug over the other. METHODS In this multicentre, double-blind, randomised trial in seven Danish university clinics, we recruited children and adolescents aged 12-17 years with a diagnosis of ICD-10 schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, delusional disorder, or affective-spectrum psychotic disorder, and psychotic symptoms scoring at least 4 on at least one of the following Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) items: P1 (delusions), P2 (conceptual disorganisation), P3 (hallucinations), P5 (grandiosity), P6 (suspiciousness/persecution), and G9 (unusual thought content), and a total PANSS score greater than 60. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to 12 weeks of treatment with target doses of 600 mg/day of quetiapine-ER (starting from 50 mg/day) or 20 mg/day of aripiprazole (starting from 2·5 mg/day). The assigned drug was titrated over five levels, with 2 days at each dose, and the final dose achieved on day 9. Randomisation was done using a computer-generated concealed sequence with a block size of 8, and stratified by baseline PANSS positive score (≤20 points or >20 points) and age (12-14 years or 15-17 years). Study drugs were administered in identical capsules, and interventions, assessments, and data analysis were done masked. The primary outcome was PANSS positive score. Key adverse outcomes were bodyweight, homoeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), akathisia, and sedation. Analyses were by intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01119014. FINDINGS Between June 10, 2010, and Jan 29, 2014, 231 participants were assessed for elegibility, of whom 113 were randomly assigned to quetiapine-ER (n=55) or aripiprazole (n=58). PANSS positive score did not differ between groups after 12 weeks (adjusted mean change -5·05 [5·46] for quetiapine-ER, -6·21 [5·42] for aripiprazole; p=0·98), but decreased over time in both groups (p<0·0001). Weight gain was more rapid with quetiapine-ER (p=0·0008), with an adjusted mean weight group difference at week 12 of 3·33 kg (SD 7·23; effect size 0·64; p<0·0001). The HOMA-IR group difference at week 12 favoured aripiprazole (adjusted mean log-transformed group difference 0·259 [SD 0·906]; effect size 0·35; p=0·0060). Akathisia was more common with aripiprazole at week 2 (observed in 34 [60%] of 57 patients; estimated 63·5%) than with quetiapine-ER (15 [30%] of 50; estimated 31·3%; p=0·0021), but not at other timepoints. Sedation proportions did not change significantly over time with either intervention (observed at weeks 2, 4, and 12, respectively, for quetiapine-ER in 43 [83%] of 52, 40 [83%] of 48, and 34 [72%] of 47 patients and for aripiprazole in 49 [89%] of 55, 52 [96%] of 54, and 44 [92%] of 48 patients), and the overall estimated probability combining all timepoints was significantly higher for aripiprazole (97·1%) than for quetiapine-ER (89·2%; p=0·012). In addition to sedation and akathisia, the most common adverse events were tremor (42 [79%] patients in the quetiapine-ER group vs 52 [91%] patients in the aripiprazole group), increased duration of sleep (47 [92%] vs 39 [71%]), orthostatic dizziness (42 [78%] vs 46 [81%]), depression (43 [80%] vs 44 [77%]), tension/inner unrest (37 [69%] vs 50 [88%]), failing memory (41 [76%] vs 44 [77%]), and weight gain (46 [87%] vs 38 [68%]). INTERPRETATION This first head-to-head comparison of quetiapine-ER versus aripiprazole in early-onset psychosis showed no significant group differences in severity of psychopathology after 12 weeks of treatment. Quetiapine-ER was associated with more metabolic adverse events and aripiprazole with more initial akathisia and, unexpectedly, more sedation. The limited antipsychotic efficacy and high level of adverse events were noticeable. This trial provides novel information for the treatment of early-onset psychosis and highlights the importance of adverse event profiles when choosing among antipsychotics for children and adolescents who often require chronic treatment. FUNDING The National Research Council for Health and Disease Foundation for Health Promotion, AP Møller Foundation, Rosalie Petersens Foundation, Stevn and Rindom Foundation, Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science, The Capital Region Psychiatric Research Foundation, Tryg Foundation, Region of Southern Denmark Research Foundation, Danish Psychiatric Research Educational Fund, Psychiatry Foundation, Foundation of 17-12-1981, Psychiatric Research Foundation Region Zealand, Capital Region Strategic Research Foundation, Knud og Dagny Andresens Foundation, Psychiatric Research Foundation of 1967, The Capital Region Research Foundation, Dr Sofus Carl Emil Friis and Hustru Olga Friis Scholarship, Tømrerhandler Johannes Fogs Foundation, Brdr Hartmanns Foundation DKK, Aase and Ejnar Danielsens Foundation, Jacob Madsen and wife Olga Madsens Foundation, CC Klestrup and wife Scholarship, Lundbeck Foundation Scholarship, and Tømrermester Jørgen Holm and wife Elisas Scholarship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Katrine Pagsberg
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Pia Jeppesen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dea Gowers Klauber
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karsten Gjessing Jensen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Rudå
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Stentebjerg-Olesen
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark & Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Jantzen
- Psychiatric Centre Sct Hans, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simone Rasmussen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Maj-Britt Glenn Lauritsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research Unit, Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark & Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne Dorte Stenstrøm
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research Unit, Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark & Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise Nyvang
- Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Madsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Werge
- Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Sct Hans, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Theis Lange
- Department of Public Health, Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Christian Gluud
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Department 7812, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Skoog
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Department 7812, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Winkel
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Department 7812, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Lundbeck Foundation Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Lundbeck Foundation Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark & Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph U Correll
- Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA; The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Anders Fink-Jensen
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark & Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Glenthøj LB, Jepsen JRM, Hjorthøj C, Bak N, Kristensen TD, Wenneberg C, Krakauer K, Nordentoft M, Fagerlund B. Negative symptoms mediate the relationship between neurocognition and function in individuals at ultrahigh risk for psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2017; 135:250-258. [PMID: 27988937 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurocognition is known to impact functioning in individuals at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis, but studies investigating potential mediators of this relationship are scarce. Building on evidence from schizophrenia spectrum disorders, the study tested whether negative symptoms and social skills act as mediators between neurocognition and functional outcome in UHR individuals. METHODS Ultrahigh risk participants (N = 84) underwent neurocognitive testing using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Social skills and negative symptoms were assessed using the High-Risk Social Challenge task and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms respectively. Four instruments were used to assess overall functioning, and one instrument assessed quality of life encompassing social functioning. RESULTS The cross-sectional analyses revealed that neurocognition was related to the measures of functioning. Negative symptoms mediated the relationship between neurocognition and four of the five measures of functioning. We did not find social skills to mediate between neurocognition and functioning. CONCLUSION Negative symptoms appear to mediate the relationship between neurocognition and functional outcome in UHR individuals, but the finding needs to be confirmed and extended to longitudinal studies. This underscores the importance of focusing on both neurocognition and negative symptoms when aiming at improving the functional outcome of UHR individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Glenthøj
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.,Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - J R M Jepsen
- Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark.,Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Hjorthøj
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - N Bak
- Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark.,Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - T D Kristensen
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.,Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - C Wenneberg
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.,Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark.,Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - K Krakauer
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.,Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark.,Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - M Nordentoft
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.,Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - B Fagerlund
- Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Glostrup, Denmark.,Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
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17
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Vangkilde A, Jepsen JRM, Schmock H, Olesen C, Arnarsdóttir S, Baaré WFC, Plessen KJ, Didriksen M, Siebner HR, Werge T, Olsen L. Associations between social cognition, skills, and function and subclinical negative and positive symptoms in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. J Neurodev Disord 2016; 8:42. [PMID: 27891188 PMCID: PMC5112709 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-016-9175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of the early signs of schizophrenia would be a major achievement for the early intervention and prevention strategies in psychiatry. Social impairments are defining features of schizophrenia. Impairments of individual layers of social competencies are frequently described in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), who have high risk of schizophrenia. It is unclear whether and to what extent social impairments associate with subclinical negative and positive symptoms in 22q11.2DS, and which layer of social impairments are more correlated with schizophrenia-related symptoms. The aims of this study were to conduct a comprehensive investigation of social impairments at three different levels (function, skill, and cognition) and their interrelationship and to determine to what degree the social impairments correlate to subclinical levels of negative and positive symptoms, respectively, in a young cohort of 22q11.2DS not diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods The level of social impairment was addressed using questionnaires and objective measures of social functioning (The Adaptive Behavior Assessment System), skills (Social Responsiveness Scale), and cognition (The Awareness of Social Inference Test and CANTAB Emotional Recognition Task), and the presence of subclinical symptoms of schizophrenia were evaluated using the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes in a cross-sectional case-control study of 29 cases and 29 controls, aged 12 to 25 years. Association between social impairment and negative and positive symptoms levels was examined in cases only. Results Subjects with 22q11.2DS were highly impaired in social function, social skills, and social cognition (p ≤ 6.2 × 10−9) relative to control peers and presented with more negative (p = 5.8 × 10−11) and positive (p = 7.5 × 10−4) symptoms. In particular, social functional and skill levels were highly associated with notably subclinical negative symptoms levels. Conclusions This study shows strong correlations between levels of social impairments and subclinical negative and positive symptoms. However, longitudinal studies are required to show if social impairments represent early disease manifestations. If parental or self-reporting suggests severe social impairment, it should advocate for clinical awareness not only to social deficits per se but also of potential subclinical psychosis symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vangkilde
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J R M Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg Bakke 30, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark ; Lundbeck Foundation Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Ndr. Ringvej 29-67, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - H Schmock
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - C Olesen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - S Arnarsdóttir
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; deCODE genetics, Amgen, Sturlugata 8, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - W F C Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kettegaard Allé 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - K J Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg Bakke 30, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark ; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 København N, Denmark
| | - M Didriksen
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - H R Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kettegaard Allé 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark ; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - T Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark ; Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - L Olsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark ; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Copenhagen Denmark
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18
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Jepsen JRM, Fagerlund B, Pagsberg AK, Christensen AMR, Nordentoft M, Mortensen EL. Deficient maturation of aspects of attention and executive functions in early onset schizophrenia. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010; 19:773-86. [PMID: 20680364 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-010-0126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The few existing long-term, neuropsychological follow-up studies of early onset schizophrenia (EOS) patients have reported relative stability in some cognitive functions but abnormal developmental trajectories in verbal memory, set shifting, aspects of attention, and speed of information processing throughout late adolescence into early adulthood. The current 5-year follow-up study compared the development of specific cognitive functions in EOS patients (N = 17) from the time of first-episode to chronic phase with that of healthy controls (N = 38) and secondarily to patients with other early onset, non-organic, non-affective psychoses (EOP) (N = 11). Speed of processing of executive functions, set shifting, and attention improved significantly in the healthy controls and reflected continuous functional maturation during late adolescence and early adulthood. The developmental progression of attention and set shifting but not speed of processing of executive functions was significantly subnormal in EOS patients. Other specific cognitive functions that had attained functional maturity in the healthy controls before or around the time of the baseline assessment showed normal development in EOS patients during the follow-up period, indicating stable cognitive deficits. These results suggest post-onset developmental deficits in two out of the three aspects of attention and executive functions that have protracted maturational trajectories and that overlap the age of onset of EOS. No significant difference in the development of any specific cognitive function was found between the EOS and EOP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Centre Bispebjerg, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the relationship between IQ and attention deficits in children with ADHD and to estimate the inattention-related mean influence on IQ when children are tested before stimulant drug treatment has been initiated. METHOD Studies of various methodologies are reviewed. RESULTS Correlation studies show mostly weak associations between IQ scores and attention deficits. Meta-analyses report the average short-term stimulant treatment effect on IQ in children with ADHD to be 2 to 7 IQ points. CONCLUSION The associations between IQ and attention deficits in ADHD are generally modest, with the mean influence on IQ probably amounting to 2 to 5 IQ points. This may serve as a benchmark when clinicians interpret the validity of IQ in this clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Richardt M Jepsen
- Copenhagen University Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Center Bispebebjerg, Copenhagen NV, Denmark.
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20
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Trillingsgaard A, Damm D, Sommer S, Jepsen JRM, Ostergaard O, Frydenberg M, Thomsen PH. Developmental profiles on the basis of the FTF (Five to Fifteen) questionnaire-clinical validity and utility of the FTF in a child psychiatric sample. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2005; 13 Suppl 3:39-63. [PMID: 15692879 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-004-3006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The Five to Fifteen parent questionnaire (FTF) was developed to offer a neuropsychological dimension to the assessment of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and other child psychiatric disorders. The domains included in the FTF were motor skills, executive functions, perception, memory, language, social skills and learning, in addition to a domain for emotional and behavioural problems. The aim of the present study was to test the clinical validity and utility of the FTF with a main focus on discriminant and criterion validity. The clinical sample consisted of 155 clinically diagnosed children (ICD-10 criteria), 102 were tested with WISC-III. The parents rated their children independent of the diagnostic evaluation. The results were presented as profiles. These clinical profiles were compared to those of a Swedish norm sample consisting of 854 children from the age of five to fifteen. Results demonstrated that the profiles for the clinical groups were similar in forms and levels to those of the upper 10 percent of the norm sample (those with most difficulties). Five out of eight FTF domains discriminated significantly between diagnostic groups in the clinical sample. Influence of IQ, gender and age on the results were low. Three out of four relevant FTF domains correlated significantly with corresponding WISC-III indexes/measures. The clinical utility of individual children's profiles were demonstrated. On the whole, the findings supported the clinical validity and utility of the FTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anegen Trillingsgaard
- Psychiatric Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital of Aarhus, Harald Selmervej 66, 8240 Risskov, Denmark
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