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Yap DRY, Lui RN, Samol J, Ngeow J, Sung JJ, Wong SH. Beyond a vestigial organ: effects of the appendix on gut microbiome and colorectal cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:826-835. [PMID: 38303116 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The role of appendectomy in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a recent topic of contention. Given that appendectomy remains one of the most commonly performed operations and a first-line management strategy of acute appendicitis, it is inherently crucial to elucidate the association between prior appendectomy and subsequent development of CRC, as there may be long-term health repercussions. In this review, we summarize the data behind the relationship of CRC in post-appendectomy patients, discuss the role of the microbiome in relation to appendectomy and CRC pathogenesis, and provide an appraisal of our current understanding of the function of the appendix. We seek to piece together the current landscape surrounding the microbiome and immunological changes in the colon post-appendectomy and suggest a direction for future research involving molecular, transcriptomic, and immunologic analysis to complement our current understanding of the alterations in gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ren Yi Yap
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rashid N Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Faculty of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jens Samol
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
- Johns Hospital University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joseph Jy Sung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
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Mok T, Nakagawa K, Park K, Ohe Y, Girard N, Kim HR, Wu YL, Gainor J, Lee SH, Chiu CH, Kim SW, Yang CT, Wu CL, Wu L, Lin MC, Samol J, Ichikado K, Wang M, Zhang X, Sylvester J, Li S, Forslund A, Yang JCH. Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutated Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer After Disease Progression on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Final Results of CheckMate 722. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:1252-1264. [PMID: 38252907 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The phase III CheckMate 722 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02864251) evaluated nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after disease progression on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). METHODS Patients with disease progression after first- or second-generation EGFR TKI therapy (without EGFR T790M mutation) or osimertinib (with/without T790M mutation) were randomly assigned 1:1 to nivolumab (360 mg once every 3 weeks) plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy (once every 3 weeks) or platinum-doublet chemotherapy alone (once every 3 weeks) for four cycles. Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end points included 9- and 12-month PFS rates, overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and duration of response (DOR). RESULTS Overall, 294 patients were randomly assigned. At final analysis (median follow-up, 38.1 months), PFS was not significantly improved with nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy (median, 5.6 v 5.4 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.75 [95% CI, 0.56 to 1.00]; P = .0528), with 9- and 12-month PFS rates of 25.9% versus 19.8%, and 21.2% versus 15.9%, respectively. Post hoc PFS subgroup analyses showed a trend favoring nivolumab plus chemotherapy in patients with tumors harboring sensitizing EGFR mutations (HR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.54 to 0.97]), one line of previous EGFR TKI (0.72 [95% CI, 0.54 to 0.97]), or both (0.64 [95% CI, 0.47 to 0.88]). Median OS was 19.4 months with nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus 15.9 months with chemotherapy, while ORR was 31.3% versus 26.7%, and median DOR was 6.7 versus 5.6 months, respectively. Grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 44.7% and 29.4% of patients treated with nivolumab plus chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone, respectively. CONCLUSION Nivolumab plus chemotherapy did not significantly improve PFS versus chemotherapy in patients with EGFR-mutated metastatic NSCLC previously treated with EGFR TKIs. No new safety signals were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Mok
- State Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Keunchil Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Nicolas Girard
- Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Province People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Justin Gainor
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chao-Hua Chiu
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Lin Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jens Samol
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Mengzhao Wang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - James Chih-Hsin Yang
- National Taiwan University Cancer Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Mai HQ, Chen QY, Chen D, Hu C, Yang K, Wen J, Li J, Shi Y, Jin F, Xu R, Pan J, Qu S, Li P, Hu C, Liu YC, Jiang Y, He X, Wang HM, Lim WT, Liao W, He X, Chen X, Wang S, Yuan X, Li Q, Lin X, Jing S, Chen Y, Lu Y, Hsieh CY, Yang MH, Yen CJ, Samol J, Luo X, Wang X, Tang X, Feng H, Yao S, Keegan P, Xu RH. Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The JUPITER-02 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023; 330:1961-1970. [PMID: 38015220 PMCID: PMC10685882 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.20181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Importance There are currently no therapies approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Gemcitabine-cisplatin is the current standard of care for the first-line treatment of recurrent or metastatic NPC (RM-NPC). Objective To determine whether toripalimab in combination with gemcitabine-cisplatin will significantly improve progression-free survival and overall survival as first-line treatment for RM-NPC, compared with gemcitabine-cisplatin alone. Design, Setting, and Participants JUPITER-02 is an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind phase 3 study conducted in NPC-endemic regions, including mainland China, Taiwan, and Singapore. From November 10, 2018, to October 20, 2019, 289 patients with RM-NPC with no prior systemic chemotherapy in the RM setting were enrolled from 35 participating centers. Interventions Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive toripalimab (240 mg [n = 146]) or placebo (n = 143) in combination with gemcitabine-cisplatin for up to 6 cycles, followed by maintenance with toripalimab or placebo until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or completion of 2 years of treatment. Main Outcome Progression-free survival as assessed by a blinded independent central review. Secondary end points included objective response rate, overall survival, progression-free survival assessed by investigator, duration of response, and safety. Results Among the 289 patients enrolled (median age, 46 [IQR, 38-53 years; 17% female), at the final progression-free survival analysis, toripalimab treatment had a significantly longer progression-free survival than placebo (median, 21.4 vs 8.2 months; HR, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.37-0.73]). With a median survival follow-up of 36.0 months, a significant improvement in overall survival was identified with toripalimab over placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63 [95% CI, 0.45-0.89]; 2-sided P = .008). The median overall survival was not reached in the toripalimab group, while it was 33.7 months in the placebo group. A consistent effect on overall survival, favoring toripalimab, was found in subgroups with high and low PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) expression. The incidence of all adverse events, grade 3 or greater adverse events, and fatal adverse events were similar between the 2 groups. However, adverse events leading to discontinuation of toripalimab or placebo (11.6% vs 4.9%), immune-related adverse events (54.1% vs 21.7%), and grade 3 or greater immune-related adverse events (9.6% vs 1.4%) were more frequent in the toripalimab group. Conclusions and Relevance The addition of toripalimab to chemotherapy as first-line treatment for RM-NPC provided statistically significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival and overall survival benefits compared with chemotherapy alone, with a manageable safety profile. These findings support the use of toripalimab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin as the new standard of care for this patient population. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03581786.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qiang Mai
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Qiu-Yan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Dongping Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyu Wen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jingao Li
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Yingrui Shi
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Jin
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruilian Xu
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianji Pan
- Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shenhong Qu
- The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Li
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Chunhong Hu
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Chun Liu
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Jiang
- Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xia He
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Wan-Teck Lim
- National Cancer Centre, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaohui He
- Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | | | - Siyang Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Li
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanghua Jing
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Hebei Cancer Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Yin Lu
- Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | | | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jens Samol
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Hui Feng
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
- TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Sheng Yao
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
- TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
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Lee NY, Hum M, Zihara S, Wang L, Myint MK, Lim DWT, Toh CK, Skanderup A, Samol J, Tan MH, Ang P, Lee SC, Tan EH, Lai GGY, Tan DSW, Yap YS, Lee ASG. Correction: Landscape of germline pathogenic variants in patients with dual primary breast and lung cancer. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:74. [PMID: 37580755 PMCID: PMC10424336 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yuan Lee
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Melissa Hum
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Sabna Zihara
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Lanying Wang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Matthew K Myint
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Darren Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Chee-Keong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Anders Skanderup
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis St, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jens Samol
- Medical Oncology Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Min-Han Tan
- Lucence Diagnostics Pte Ltd, 211 Henderson Road, Singapore, 159552, Singapore
| | - Peter Ang
- Oncocare Cancer Centre, Gleneagles Medical Centre, 6 Napier Road, Singapore, 258499, Singapore
| | - Soo-Chin Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute, Singapore (CSI), National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Eng-Huat Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Gillianne G Y Lai
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis St, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
- Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Yoon-Sim Yap
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Ann S G Lee
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore.
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Medical Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
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Lee NY, Hum M, Zihara S, Wang L, Myint MK, Lim DWT, Toh CK, Skanderup A, Samol J, Tan MH, Ang P, Lee SC, Tan EH, Lai GGY, Tan DSW, Yap YS, Lee ASG. Landscape of germline pathogenic variants in patients with dual primary breast and lung cancer. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:66. [PMID: 37461096 PMCID: PMC10353088 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer predisposition is most often studied in the context of single cancers. However, inherited cancer predispositions can also give rise to multiple primary cancers. Yet, there is a paucity of studies on genetic predisposition in multiple primary cancers, especially those outside of well-defined cancer predisposition syndromes. This study aimed to identify germline variants associated with dual primary cancers of the breast and lung. METHODS Exome sequencing was performed on germline DNA from 55 Singapore patients (52 [95%] never-smokers) with dual primaries in the breast and lung, confirmed by histopathology. Using two large control cohorts: the local SG10K_Health (n = 9770) and gnomAD non-cancer East Asians (n = 9626); and two additional local case cohorts of early-onset or familial breast cancer (n = 290), and lung cancer (n = 209), variants were assessed for pathogenicity in accordance with ACMG/AMP guidelines. In particular, comparisons were made with known pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the ClinVar database, pathogenicity predictions were obtained from in silico prediction software, and case-control association analyses were performed. RESULTS Altogether, we identified 19 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants from 16 genes, detected in 17 of 55 (31%) patients. Six of the 19 variants were identified using ClinVar, while 13 variants were classified pathogenic or likely pathogenic using ACMG/AMP guidelines. The 16 genes include well-known cancer predisposition genes such as BRCA2, TP53, and RAD51D; but also lesser known cancer genes EXT2, WWOX, GATA2, and GPC3. Most of these genes are involved in DNA damage repair, reaffirming the role of impaired DNA repair mechanisms in the development of multiple malignancies. These variants warrant further investigations in additional populations. CONCLUSIONS We have identified both known and novel variants significantly enriched in patients with primary breast and lung malignancies, expanding the body of known cancer predisposition variants for both breast and lung cancer. These variants are mostly from genes involved in DNA repair, affirming the role of impaired DNA repair in the predisposition and development of multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yuan Lee
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Melissa Hum
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Sabna Zihara
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Lanying Wang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Matthew K Myint
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Darren Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Chee-Keong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Anders Skanderup
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis St, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jens Samol
- Medical Oncology Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Min-Han Tan
- Lucence Diagnostics Pte Ltd, 211 Henderson Road, Singapore, 159552, Singapore
| | - Peter Ang
- Oncocare Cancer Centre, Gleneagles Medical Centre, 6 Napier Road, Singapore, 258499, Singapore
| | - Soo-Chin Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute, Singapore (CSI), National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Eng-Huat Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Gillianne G Y Lai
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis St, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
- Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
| | - Yoon-Sim Yap
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Ann S G Lee
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore.
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
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Samol J, Demedts I, Erman M, Kozlov V, Minatta J, Moiseenko F, Paats M, Rajappa S, Bailey T, Wallis H, Madondo M, Kahangire D, Zukin M. 26P Real-world use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in epidermal growth factor receptor mutated (EGFRm) advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in nine countries. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Minatta J, Samol J, Moiseenko F, Demedts I, Kozlov V, Mark M, Rajappa S, Kahangire DA, Madondo M, Bailey T, Wallis H, Erman M, Zukin M. PP.02 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) Real-World Use in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutated (EGFRm) Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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Dawar R, Carney J, Jotte R, Orsini J, Scilla K, Lopes G, Tan MH, Goh B, Tan Y, Chin T, Toh C, Samol J. PP01.74 Clinical Validation of a Promising New Amplicon-Based Liquid Biopsy Platform for Detection of Guideline Recommended Biomarkers in Metastatic NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Samol J. Early COVID-19 booster is beneficial in cancer patients. Ann Acad Med Singap 2023. [DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Samol J. Early COVID-19 booster is beneficial in cancer patients. Ann Acad Med Singap 2023; 52:3-5. [PMID: 36730799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Samol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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Lee NY, Hum M, Amali AA, Lim WK, Wong M, Myint MK, Tay RJ, Ong PY, Samol J, Lim CW, Ang P, Tan MH, Lee SC, Lee ASG. Whole-exome sequencing of BRCA-negative breast cancer patients and case-control analyses identify variants associated with breast cancer susceptibility. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:61. [PMID: 36424660 PMCID: PMC9685974 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the majority of individuals with early-onset or familial breast cancer referred for genetic testing, the genetic basis of their familial breast cancer remains unexplained. To identify novel germline variants associated with breast cancer predisposition, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed. METHODS WES on 290 BRCA1/BRCA2-negative Singaporeans with early-onset breast cancer and/or a family history of breast cancer was done. Case-control analysis against the East-Asian subpopulation (EAS) from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) identified variants enriched in cases, which were further selected by occurrence in cancer gene databases. Variants were further evaluated in repeated case-control analyses using a second case cohort from the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) comprising 466 early-onset breast cancer patients from the United States, and a Singapore SG10K_Health control cohort. RESULTS Forty-nine breast cancer-associated germline pathogenic variants in 37 genes were identified in Singapore cases versus gnomAD (EAS). Compared against SG10K_Health controls, 13 of 49 variants remain significantly enriched (False Discovery Rate (FDR)-adjusted p < 0.05). Comparing these 49 variants in dbGaP cases against gnomAD (EAS) and SG10K_Health controls revealed 23 concordant variants that were significantly enriched (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05). Fourteen variants were consistently enriched in breast cancer cases across all comparisons (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05). Seven variants in GPRIN2, NRG1, MYO5A, CLIP1, CUX1, GNAS and MGA were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have identified pathogenic variants in genes associated with breast cancer predisposition. Importantly, many of these variants were significant in a second case cohort from dbGaP, suggesting that the strategy of using case-control analysis to select variants could potentially be utilized for identifying variants associated with cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yuan Lee
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
| | - Melissa Hum
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
| | - Aseervatham Anusha Amali
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
| | - Wei Kiat Lim
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
| | - Matthew Wong
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
| | - Matthew Khine Myint
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610 Singapore
| | - Ru Jin Tay
- Lucence Diagnostics Pte Ltd, 211 Henderson Road, Singapore, 159552 Singapore
| | - Pei-Yi Ong
- grid.440782.d0000 0004 0507 018XDepartment of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074 Singapore
| | - Jens Samol
- grid.240988.f0000 0001 0298 8161Medical Oncology Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433 Singapore ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Chia Wei Lim
- grid.240988.f0000 0001 0298 8161Department of Personalised Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433 Singapore
| | - Peter Ang
- grid.415572.00000 0004 0620 9577Oncocare Cancer Centre, Gleneagles Medical Centre, 6 Napier Road, Singapore, 258499 Singapore
| | - Min-Han Tan
- Lucence Diagnostics Pte Ltd, 211 Henderson Road, Singapore, 159552 Singapore
| | - Soo-Chin Lee
- grid.440782.d0000 0004 0507 018XDepartment of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074 Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117597 Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute, Singapore (CSI), National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Ann S. G. Lee
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610 Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593 Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
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Toh H, Yang MH, Wang HM, Hsieh CY, Chitapanarux I, Ho K, Hong RL, Ang MK, Colevas D, Sirachainan E, Lertbutsayanukul C, Ho G, Samol J, Huang Z, Tan C, Ding C, Myo A. 652O Randomized phase III VANCE study: Gemcitabine and carboplatin (GC) followed by Epstein Barr virus-specific autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (EBV-CTL) versus the same chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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13
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Bailey T, Moiseenko F, Paats M, Demedts I, Erman M, Kahangire D, Kozlov V, Mark M, Minatta J, Rajappa S, Zukin M, Madondo M, Taylor A, Samol J. 100P Physician perceptions of testing practices in patients with early and advanced stage EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm) NSCLC: A global survey. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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Mai HQ, Chen QY, Chen D, Hu C, Yang K, Wen J, Li J, Shi YR, Jin F, Xu R, Pan J, Qu S, Li P, Hu C, Liu YC, Jiang Y, He X, Wang HM, Lim WT, Liao W, He X, Chen X, Liu Z, Yuan X, Li Q, Lin X, Jing S, Chen Y, Lu Y, Hsieh CY, Yang MH, Yen CJ, Samol J, Feng H, Yao S, Keegan P, Xu RH. Publisher Correction: Toripalimab or placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:214. [PMID: 35027760 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01673-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qiang Mai
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Yan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongping Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyu Wen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jingao Li
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying-Rui Shi
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Guizhou Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruilian Xu
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianji Pan
- Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shenhong Qu
- The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Li
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Chun Liu
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Jiang
- Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xia He
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Wan-Teck Lim
- National Cancer Centre, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaohui He
- Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhigang Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Li
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanghua Jing
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Hebei Cancer Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Yin Lu
- Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | | | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jens Samol
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hui Feng
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
- TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sheng Yao
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
- TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Mai HQ, Chen QY, Chen D, Hu C, Yang K, Wen J, Li J, Shi YR, Jin F, Xu R, Pan J, Qu S, Li P, Hu C, Liu YC, Jiang Y, He X, Wang HM, Lim WT, Liao W, He X, Chen X, Liu Z, Yuan X, Li Q, Lin X, Jing S, Chen Y, Lu Y, Hsieh CY, Yang MH, Yen CJ, Samol J, Feng H, Yao S, Keegan P, Xu RH. Toripalimab or placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial. Nat Med 2021; 27:1536-1543. [PMID: 34341578 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Gemcitabine-cisplatin (GP) chemotherapy is the standard first-line systemic treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC). In this international, double-blind, phase 3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03581786), 289 patients with RM-NPC and no previous chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic disease were randomized (1/1) to receive either toripalimab, a monoclonal antibody against human programmed death-1 (PD-1), or placebo in combination with GP every 3 weeks for up to six cycles, followed by monotherapy with toripalimab or placebo. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) as assessed by a blinded independent review committee according to RECIST v.1.1. At the prespecified interim PFS analysis, a significant improvement in PFS was detected in the toripalimab arm compared to the placebo arm: median PFS of 11.7 versus 8.0 months, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.52 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36-0.74), P = 0.0003. An improvement in PFS was observed across key subgroups, including PD-L1 expression. As of 18 February 2021, a 40% reduction in risk of death was observed in the toripalimab arm compared to the placebo arm (HR = 0.603 (95% CI: 0.364-0.997)). The incidence of grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) (89.0 versus 89.5%), AEs leading to discontinuation of toripalimab/placebo (7.5 versus 4.9%) and fatal AEs (2.7 versus 2.8%) was similar between the two arms; however, immune-related AEs (39.7 versus 18.9%) and grade ≥3 infusion reactions (7.5 versus 0.7%) were more frequent in the toripalimab arm. In conclusion, the addition of toripalimab to GP chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for patients with RM-NPC provided superior PFS compared to GP alone, and with a manageable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qiang Mai
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Yan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongping Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyu Wen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jingao Li
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying-Rui Shi
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Guizhou Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruilian Xu
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianji Pan
- Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shenhong Qu
- The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Li
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Chun Liu
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Jiang
- Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xia He
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Wan-Teck Lim
- National Cancer Centre, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaohui He
- Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhigang Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Li
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanghua Jing
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Hebei Cancer Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Yin Lu
- Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | | | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jens Samol
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hui Feng
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
- TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sheng Yao
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
- TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Ang YLE, Chia PL, Chua KLM, Devanand A, Leong CN, Liew CJY, Ong BH, Samol J, Seet JE, Tam JKC, Tan DSW, Teo LLS, Soo RA. Lung Cancer in Singapore. J Thorac Oncol 2021; 16:906-911. [PMID: 34034887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne L E Ang
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Puey Ling Chia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kevin L M Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anantham Devanand
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Cheng Nang Leong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Charlene J Y Liew
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Boon Hean Ong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jens Samol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - John K C Tam
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette L S Teo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ross A Soo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore.
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17
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Lim C, Samol J, Flook M, Goh L, Tan MH. Germline BRCA1/2 testing: Trend in Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz431.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Chan G, Kwan J, Samol J, Verma A, Pua U. Remote Right Main Pulmonary Bronchus Bronchopleural Fistula Formation after Microwave Ablation of Lung Tumor. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019; 30:1656-1658. [PMID: 31182272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Chan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433
| | - Justin Kwan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433
| | - Jens Samol
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433
| | - Akash Verma
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433
| | - Uei Pua
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433
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19
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Verma A, Goh SK, Tai DYH, Kor AC, Soo CI, Seow DGF, Sein ZNN, Samol J, Chopra A, Abisheganaden J. Outcome of advanced lung cancer with central airway obstruction versus without central airway obstruction. ERJ Open Res 2018; 4:00173-2017. [PMID: 29637076 PMCID: PMC5890022 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00173-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with central airway obstruction (CAO) from advanced lung cancer present with significant morbidity and are assumed to have lower survival. Hence, they are offered only palliative support. We asked if patients who have advanced lung cancer with CAO (recanalised and treated) will behave similarly to those with advanced lung cancer without CAO. This study was a retrospective review of the medical records of the patients managed for advanced lung cancer during 2010 and 2015 at our institution. 85 patients were studied. Median survival and 1-, 2- and 5-year survival were 5.8 months, 30.3%, 11.7% and 2.3% versus 9.3 months, 35.7%, 9.6% and 4.7%, respectively, in the CAO and no CAO groups (p=0.30). More patients presented with respiratory failure (15 (35%) versus none; p=0.0001) and required assisted mechanical ventilation (10 (23.3%) versus none; p=0.001) in the CAO group compared with the no CAO group. Fewer patients received chemotherapy in the CAO group (11 (25.5%)) compared with the no CAO group (23 (54.7%); p=0.008). There was no difference in survival among patients with advanced lung cancer whether they presented with CAO or without CAO. Survival was similar to those without CAO in patients with recanalised CAO despite greater morbidity and lesser use of chemotherapy, strongly advocating bronchoscopic recanalisation of CAO. These findings dispel the nihilism associated with such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Verma
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Soon Keng Goh
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Dessmon Y H Tai
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ai Ching Kor
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chun Ian Soo
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Debra G F Seow
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Zin Nge Nge Sein
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jens Samol
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Akhil Chopra
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - John Abisheganaden
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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20
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Debruyne PR, Johnson PJ, Pottel L, Daniels S, Greer R, Hodgkinson E, Kelly S, Lycke M, Samol J, Mason J, Kimber D, Loucaides E, Parmar MK, Harvey S. Optimisation of pharmacy content in clinical cancer research protocols: Experience of the United Kingdom Chemotherapy and Pharmacy Advisory Service. Clin Trials 2015; 12:257-64. [PMID: 25652529 DOI: 10.1177/1740774515569610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Clarity and accuracy of the pharmacy aspects of cancer clinical trial protocols is essential. Inconsistencies and ambiguities in such protocols have the potential to delay research and jeopardise both patient safety and collection of credible data. The Chemotherapy and Pharmacy Advisory Service was established by the UK National Cancer Research Network, currently known as National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network, to improve the quality of pharmacy-related content in cancer clinical research protocols. This article reports the scope of Chemotherapy and Pharmacy Advisory Service, its methodology of mandated protocol review and pharmacy-related guidance initiatives and its current impact. Methods Over a 6-year period (2008–2013) since the inception of Chemotherapy and Pharmacy Advisory Service, cancer clinical trial protocols were reviewed by the service, prior to implementation at clinical trial sites. A customised Review Checklist was developed and used by a panel of experts to standardise the review process and report back queries and inconsistencies to chief investigators. Based on common queries, a Standard Protocol Template comprising specific guidance on drug-related content and a Pharmacy Manual Template were developed. In addition, a guidance framework was established to address ‘ad hoc’ pharmacy-related queries. The most common remarks made at protocol review have been summarised and categorised through retrospective analysis. In order to evaluate the impact of the service, chief investigators were asked to respond to queries made at protocol review and make appropriate changes to their protocols. Responses from chief investigators have been collated and acceptance rates determined. Results A total of 176 protocols were reviewed. The median number of remarks per protocol was 26, of which 20 were deemed clinically relevant and mainly concerned the drug regimen, support medication, frequency and type of monitoring and drug supply aspects. Further analysis revealed that 62% of chief investigators responded to the review. All responses were positive with an overall acceptance rate of 89% of the proposed protocol changes. Conclusion Review of pharmacy content of cancer clinical trial protocols is feasible and exposes many undetected clinically relevant issues that could hinder efficient trial conduct. Our service audit revealed that the majority of suggestions were effectively incorporated in the final protocols. The refinement of existing and development of new pharmacy-related guidance documents by Chemotherapy and Pharmacy Advisory Service might aid in better and safer clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Debruyne
- Ageing & Cancer Research Cluster, Centre for Positive Ageing, University of Greenwich, London, UK Department of Adult Nursing & Paramedic Science, Faculty of Education & Health, University of Greenwich, London, UK Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Philip J Johnson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lies Pottel
- Ageing & Cancer Research Cluster, Centre for Positive Ageing, University of Greenwich, London, UK Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Susanna Daniels
- Pharmacy and Medicines Management, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Michelle Lycke
- Ageing & Cancer Research Cluster, Centre for Positive Ageing, University of Greenwich, London, UK Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Jens Samol
- St George's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Julie Mason
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, West Midlands, UK Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Donna Kimber
- Wessex Clinical Senate & Strategic Networks, NHS England, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Sally Harvey
- NIHR CPAS, National Institute for Health Research, Clinical Research Network Cancer Coordinating Centre, Leeds, UK
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21
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Debruyne P, Johnson P, Pottel L, Daniels S, Greer R, Hodgkinson E, Kelly S, Lycke M, Samol J, Simpson J, Kimber D, Loucaides E, Parmar M, Harvey S. The United Kingdom (Uk) National Cancer Research Network (Ncrn) Chemotherapy and Pharmacy Advisory Service (Cpas): Service Development and Quality Control Experience of Pharmacy Aspects in Clinical Research Protocols. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu353.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jamal-hanjani M, Beharry N, Samol J. . West J Med 2011; 342:d4024-d4024. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.d4024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Samol J, Ranson M, Scott E, Macpherson E, Carmichael J, Thomas A, Cassidy J. Safety and tolerability of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, olaparib (AZD2281) in combination with topotecan for the treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors: a phase I study. Invest New Drugs 2011; 30:1493-500. [PMID: 21590367 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-011-9682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this phase I study was to determine the safety and tolerability and to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of orally administered olaparib (AZD2281) in combination with topotecan in patients with advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients aged ≥ 18 years with histologically or cytologically diagnosed advanced solid tumors for whom no suitable effective therapy exists were included. Patients in four cohorts received topotecan (0.5 mg/m(2)/day × 3 days or 1.0 mg/m(2)/day × 3 days) intravenously in combination with oral olaparib 50, 100 or 200 mg bid for six cycles. The primary objectives were to determine the safety and tolerability and to establish the MTD of olaparib in combination with topotecan. RESULTS Twenty-one patients were enrolled and 19 received treatment. Dose-limiting toxicities were neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. The MTD was established as topotecan 1.0 mg/m(2)/day × 3 days plus olaparib 100 mg bid. The most common adverse events (AEs) included fatigue and gastrointestinal events. There was an olaparib and topotecan dose-related increase in neutropenia which was dose limiting. CONCLUSIONS Further development of olaparib and topotecan in combination was not explored due to dose-limiting hematological AEs and the resulting sub-therapeutic MTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Samol
- St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Rd, London, UK
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24
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Abstract
A 67-year-old woman with metastatic colorectal cancer was given her first oxaliplatin infusion as part of the XELOX protocol. She developed chest pain with ECG changes leading subsequently to a diagnosis of coronary artery spasm. To our knowledge, this is the first report of oxaliplatin-induced coronary artery spasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Samol
- Beatson Oncology Centre, Medical Oncology, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Samol
- Beatson Oncology Centre, Medical Oncology, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 0YN, UK
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26
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Masir N, Ventura R, Jones M, Marafioti T, Mason DY, Samol J. Follicular lymphoma with trisomy 18 exhibiting loss of BCL-2 expression on transformation to a large cell lymphoma. J Clin Pathol 2006; 60:1061-4. [PMID: 17182663 PMCID: PMC1972422 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2006.043034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
MESH Headings
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics
- Lymphoma, Follicular/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Trisomy
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraidah Masir
- Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Allen DL, Samol J, Benjamin S, Verjee S, Tusold A, Murphy MF. Survey of the use and clinical effectiveness of HPA-1a/5b-negative platelet concentrates in proven or suspected platelet alloimmunization. Transfus Med 2004; 14:409-17. [PMID: 15569235 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2004.00536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The optimal treatment of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is the transfusion of compatible donor platelets. The National Blood Service in England has established panels of "accredited" donors negative for human platelet antigens HPA-1a and HPA-5b, the most commonly implicated alloantigens. We have retrospectively surveyed the frequency of use and clinical effectiveness of donations collected over a 13-month period from the Oxford accredited panel. Ninety-five per cent of hyperconcentrated platelets (HPCs) collected were issued, all for intrauterine transfusion to fetuses at risk of NAIT due to the presence of maternal platelet alloantibodies and previously affected siblings. Thirty-one per cent of paediatric platelet concentrates (PPCs) collected were issued, of which 57% were used for cases of suspected NAIT. Fifty-four per cent of adult therapeutic doses collected were issued; 5% of these were used in cases of suspected NAIT or proven post-transfusion purpura (PTP). Good increments were seen in most NAIT cases transfused with HPCs or PPCs, and a moderate increment in the one PTP case. We conclude that the establishment of accredited panels is justified and enables delivery of a clinically effective treatment for NAIT. Increased use and cost-effectiveness could be achieved by the delivery of an educational programme to neonatal unit clinical staff to increase the awareness and appropriate treatment of NAIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Allen
- National Blood Service, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9BQ, UK.
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28
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Malladi RK, Peniket AJ, Norton AE, Campbell AJ, Collins GP, Samol J, Eagleton H, Miller E, Morgenstern G, Jones J, Keen-Mcguire A, Barnardo M, Littlewood TJ. Favourable outcome for patients with myeloid disorders treated with fludarabine-melphalan reduced-intensity conditioning and allogeneic bone marrow stem cell transplantation without the use of T-lymphocyte-depleting antibodies. Eur J Haematol 2004; 73:85-92. [PMID: 15245506 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2004.00266.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report the use of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC)-matched sibling allogeneic bone marrow stem cell transplantation as a method of establishing a graft-vs.-leukaemia (GvL) effect against myeloid disorders using a fludarabine-melphalan protocol without the use of T-lymphocyte-depleting antibodies. The 16 patients in this group had predominantly poor-risk acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) (n=10), AML/myelodysplasia (MDS) (n=2) and MDS (n=4). All but one patient achieved full haematopoietic engraftment. Thirteen of 16 patients are alive and in continued complete remission on completion of this study with a median follow-up of 426 d (range 83-1524). The actuarial 4 yr disease-free and overall survival is 79% for both. Only one patient relapsed following transplant, giving a relapse rate of 6% during the study period. The treatment-related mortality was 13% (n= 2). Overall, acute graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) occurred in 53% (8/15), with acute GvHD grade II or above occurring in 47% (7/15). In the 13 evaluable patients, chronic GvHD occurred in 46% (6/13), with this being extensive in three patients. These results suggest that a GvL effect can be delivered against poor-risk myeloid disorders with a low non-relapse mortality using this fludarabine-melphalan RIC protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Malladi
- Department of Haematology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Samol
- Department of Haematology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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30
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Abstract
Variable proportions of Hodgkin's disease (HD) cases are associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), but the role of EBV in HD is not entirely clear. Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of EBV-associated HD are characterized by expression of the EBV gene product LMP1. In other cellular environments, LMP1 has been shown to induce interleukin (IL)-6. In this study, 105 HD cases were tested for differences in IL-6 expression among LMP1-positive and -negative cases. Isotopic in situ hybridization and correlation with the presence of EBV gene products revealed significantly higher proportions of cases with IL-6-expressing tumour cells in LMP1-positive (31 of 37, 84 per cent) as compared with LMP1-negative HD cases (35 of 68, 51 per cent). Thus, although not exclusive to EBV-positive HRS cells, IL-6 expression appears to be upregulated in EBV-associated HD. IL-6 receptor (CD126) expression was tested by in situ hybridization and found in a broad spectrum of cell types, regularly including HRS cells. Superinduction of IL-6 expression may be among the mechanisms by which EBV confers a growth advantage on virus-infected HRS cells and by which the virus may contribute to the morphological and clinical peculiarities of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Herbst
- Institute für Pathologie, Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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Herbst H, Foss HD, Samol J, Araujo I, Klotzbach H, Krause H, Agathanggelou A, Niedobitek G, Stein H. Frequent expression of interleukin-10 by Epstein-Barr virus-harboring tumor cells of Hodgkin's disease. Blood 1996; 87:2918-29. [PMID: 8639912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated Hodgkin's disease (HD) express the viral protein, latent infection membrane protein-1 (LMP1), but evade cytotoxic responses normally directed at this antigen. We tested whether local production of the immunoregulatory interleukins (IL)-4 and -10 may have a role in this process. IL-4 RNA was not detectable in any of the HD cases. By contrast, isotopic in situ hybridization and correlation with the presence of EBV gene products showed significantly higher proportions of cases with IL-10 expressing tumor cells in LMP1-positive (17 of 26, 66%) as compared with LMP1-negative HD cases (six of 37, 16%). Absence of EBV BCRF1 RNA indicated that the transcripts originated from the cellular IL-10 gene. Similarly, an association between IL-10 expression and EBV-infection of tumor cells was found in AIDS-related malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas (ARL). Very small proportions of EBV-infected cells, mainly blasts, expressed IL-10 in infectious mononucleosis tonsils. Thus, although not entirely exclusive to EBV-positive cases, IL-10 expression is frequently associated with EBV-infection in HD and ARL and appears to be upregulated by EBV, most likely through LMP1. In view of the established inhibitory effects of IL-10 on cell mediated immunity, it is suggested that IL-10 expression may contribute to evasion of LMP1-positive cells from cytotoxicity directed at viral antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Herbst
- Institut für Pathologie, Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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32
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Foss HD, Herbst H, Oelmann E, Samol J, Grebe M, Blankenstein T, Matthes J, Qin ZH, Falini B, Pileri S. Lymphotoxin, tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-6 gene transcripts are present in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells of most Hodgkin's disease cases. Br J Haematol 1993; 84:627-35. [PMID: 8217820 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1993.tb03138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue specimens from 26 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and six HD-derived cell lines were analysed for tumour necrosis factor (TNF), lymphotoxin (LT), and interleukin (IL)-6 RNA transcripts by in situ hybridization, in some cases subsequent to immunohistology for CD30 antigen. LT and TNF transcripts were found in tumour cells of all cases; IL-6 gene transcripts were detectable in 19/23 cases. Presence of RNA specific for these cytokines was not correlated with any of the following parameters: sex, symptoms and histotype, as well as immunophenotype and association of the tumour cells with Epstein-Barr virus. Rather, the presence of LT, TNF and IL-6 transcripts appeared to characterize Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells in general, supporting concepts which suggest that HD represents a malignancy of cytokine secreting activated cells, and that many of the features distinguishing HD from other malignant lymphomas may ultimately be due to expression of cytokines. LT and TNF RNA transcripts were also found in five HD-derived cell lines, whereas supernatants of these cell lines contained high levels of LT, but low or undetectable levels of TNF activity. This suggests that, although not detectable at the level of RNA transcripts, differences between HD cases may exist on the level of cytokine gene transcript processing, translation and polypeptide secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Foss
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Steglitz, Free University Berlin, Germany
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