Lesiones cutáneas en pacientes con trasplante renal en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio

Introducción: Las enfermedades cutáneas son frecuentes en los pacientes trasplantados renales, por lo cual el monitoreo de la piel es necesario para realizar un diagnóstico precoz e iniciar tratamiento temprano.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de las manifestaciones cutáneas en pacientes con trasplante renal. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluaron en consulta de dermatología 86 pacientes del programa de trasplante renal del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio.Resultados: Las infecciones de piel fueron las manifestaciones más prevalentes, y dentro de estas las más frecuentes fueron las micosis superficiales presentes, en un 48 % de los pacientes; seguidas por las infecciones virales, en un 20 %, y las bacterianas, en un 15 %. Se encontraron dos casos de cáncer de piel: un carcinoma basocelular y un sarcoma de Kaposi. Doce pacientes tuvieron queratosis actínicas consideradas lesiones premalignas.Conclusión: Los resultados del estudio evidencian la necesidad de realizar un examen dermatológico rutinario en los pacientes trasplantados para detectar tempranamente la presencia de lesiones cutáneas y, de esta manera, iniciar un manejo oportuno. Los hallazgos más comunes fueron las micosis superficiales.

[Alcohol Abuse and Associated Factors in Student Children and Adolescents]

INTRODUCTION

Previous studies have confirmed high prevalence of alcohol abuse in adolescent students from Bucaramanga, Colombia. However, few studies on the associated factors have been carried out.

OBJECTIVE

Assessment of prevalence of alcohol abuse and associated factors in student children and adolescents from Bucaramanga.

METHODOLOGY

A random sample of adolescent students completed an anonymous questionnaire about the consumption of alcohol, illegal and legal substances, together with the CAGE questionnaire and a series of scales and questionnaires assessing risk factors for alcohol abuse. To adjust for confusing variables, a multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model.

RESULTS

2916 students were surveyed with an average age between 10 and 22, and a mean of 14.4 years (SD 1.65), 51.1% were female, 36% were in the last two years of high school (10(th) and 11(th) grades), and 17.66% were in private schools. The alcohol abuse pattern as measured by the CAGE scale was 14.6% (95% CI, 13.3 - 16.0%). The associated factors were: age (OR: 1.15, 95% CI 1.04 - 1.27), having a smoking or consuming alcohol sibling (OR: 1.48, 95% CI, 1.01 - 1.17) antisocial behavior (OR 3.03, 95% CI, 2.12 - 4.32) and best friend who uses illicit substances (OR 1.71, 95% CI, 1.06 - 2.76), best friend who smokes or drinks alcohol (OR 2.01, 95% CI, 1.40 - 2.88).

CONCLUSIONS

One out of 7 students showed a pattern of alcohol abuse. The associated factors were the influence of friends, family, age and antisocial behavior.